Jean de l'Ours - Knowledge

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for Jean's party, the betrayal of the cut cord still ensues. Pomme d'or refuses marriage to a traitor, and wishes to wed Jean. So the two companions consult a witch on a way to murder Jean and Pomme d'or. An evil spirit with the black beard who enters into the betrayers' service is defeated and killed by Pomme d'or's guardian spirit, whom she summons by biting into her gold apple. The two companions are punished by the guardian spirit, but afterwards forgiven by Jean.

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separately: in a steel castle by 2 tigers, a silver castle by 4 leopards, and a gold castle by 6 lions as large as elephants. The old woman also provides a jar of ointment to cure wounds. Jean defeats the beasts and rescues the princesses. Each princess is prettier than the last. He finds them asleep, and uses increasingly gentler means to awaken them. The hero receives from the princesses a steel, a silver, and a golden ball, respectively.

6443: 765: 27: 1929:("carbonaio") and Darfino Ammazzacinquecento ("Darfino Crushes-Five-Hundred"). By lifting a marble tombstone, Sbadilón descends to an underworld realm (possibly Hell), kills five evil wizards and rescues a princess. In this story, the betrayal of the companions does not occur; instead, he willingly decides to stay underground, until an eagle bites his flesh and carries him back to the surface. 481:, Appuie-Montagne ('Hold-up-Mountain') and Tord-Chêne ('Oak-Twister'). Here it is a giant (not a size-shifting being) who attacks whichever companion is staying at the castle on his turn (i.e., whoever is keeping house while the others hunt; this is chosen by lot). Two companions blame kitchen smoke for their failure. John destroys the giant, splitting it in two with a cane. 408:

size-changing "little giant (petit géant)" descends from the chimney and beats him terribly with a stick. He blames a fall going down to the cellar for being unable to signal. Next day, another companion meets the same fate, and offers a different excuse. Jean defeats the little giant by striking him before he had the chance to grow large, and the enemy flees inside a well.

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them home — this is also an unusual pattern; John refuses invitation to kingdom at that point, and only after princesses have forgotten about him, enters kingdom on his own volition. Formulaic test of replicating three balls is solved by balls hero obtained from princesses, but in this version, each is specifically an ornate ball made with pearls, diamonds and emeralds.

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arrives and rolls his three balls, so the eldest knows to warn the king about their true savior. The king owns another set of the three balls, and declares marriage of his daughters to anyone who could replicate them. The hero succeeds by bringing the three balls he owns, and marries the eldest. The two treacherous companions are hanged on the high gallows.

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errands, including finding the magical colts of the Spotted Mare that were stolen. On this quest, Er Töštük rescues the children of the Giant Eagle from the Dragon. Some time later, he has to return to the surface, and the Giant Eagle, in gratitude for his previous good deed, takes him and his wife back to his realm.

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Professor Michael Meraklis cited that the episode of a lion or bear stealing a human woman and the hero born of this "living arrangement" must preserve "the original form of the tale", since it harks back to the ancient and primitive notion that humans and animals could freely interact in a mythical shared past.

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Colgrave provides the generic extraordinary companions with the definition that they are those that have "their senses or faculties strongly developed like the runner, the hearer, the taster, the smeller, or the man with the highly developed sense". (Cf. Thompson's comment that men "endowed with some

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is the word for "bear". The story begins by stating "They say that Juan was raised by a she-bear in the mountains because his mother had no breast". This pattern where not a male but female bear is involved, and suckles the infant, is given by Delarue as one of the alternative origins for hero in the

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In the tale types AaTh 301, AaTh 301A and AaTh 301B, the hero, in the underworld, rescues the bird chicks of a tree nest and their father, in gratitude, takes him back to the surface. According to professor Nemanja Radulović, "this episode can be considered as the stable part of these tale-types". In

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In many variants, the hero is alerted by the princesses or discovers by himself two animals (goats or rams), one of a white color and the other of a black color. The white animal can take him to the surface, the black one will lead him further into the underworld. Either because he forgets this piece

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The hero's escape from Underworld is up to a point by the "path leading to the ground above" formula, but unique in that the fairy warns him not to look back at the little light behind (lest the light vanish and make him unable to see anything). Hero after regains princesses from companions yet sends

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Some typical elements are that the hero is born half-bear, half-human; he obtains a weapon, usually a heavy iron cane, and on his journey; he bands up with two or three companions. At a castle the hero defeats an adversary, pursues him to a hole, discovers an underworld, and rescues three princesses.

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Versions found in Spain are marked by the motif of the devil's ear, or Lucifer's ear, which are present in Espinosa's versions named above. When the hero cuts the ear off the diabolical adversary, he has gained mastery over him, and thereafter, the hero can summon the devil by biting on the ear, and

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in the woods, but the child was raised by a mother bear that lost one of its cubs. The plotline is somewhat elaborate. A slaying of dragons rescues three princesses, Pomme d'or, Pomme d'argent, Pomme de cuivre ("Golden-Apple", "Silver-Apple", "Copper-Apple"). Although this is enough number of brides

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and Joseph Szövérffy indicate that this narrative also appears in Eastern Europe and Asia. A geographical analysis by Joseph Szövérffy pointed that this incident appears in Balkanic, Turkish and Caucasian variants. In addition, a pattern of migration seems to indicate that this motif spread from the

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A woodcutter's wife looking for wood is abducted by the bear, and gives birth to a child by this bear. The child walks at four months, speaks and runs at one year, and soon even rattles the stone with which the bear plugs the cave. The boy lifts the stone at age 5 or 6, and he and his mother escape.

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Professor Gražina Skabeikytė-Kazlauskienė reached a similar conclusion: "In the primeval world, an important feature of the man considered to be his physical strength. Among the male heroes we need to distinguish a mighty man. A prototype of the mighty man is a mythical hero. Mythical origin of the

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and forciby married to it. Her three sons are also captured by the devi. Years later, the woman gives birth to a boy named Asphurtzela, who matures very rapidly and develops great strength. He goes to another village and rescues his siblings. Later, in his travels, he meets a "clod-swallower" and a

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Jean de l'Ours in most cases is the child of a mother and a bear. However, in some versions his origins are less clearly defined, i.e. his mother is already pregnant before being captured, and then gives birth to him, though he is nevertheless born a half-bear, half-human (Cosquin's version above).

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Jean reaches Madrid. His two former companions have claimed credit for saving the princesses, and the eldest is ordered to choose one of them to marry, but she is granted a stay for a year and a day. Meanwhile, they collect all the Marseilles soap in the kingdom to scrub the two men clean. The hero

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The companions betray Jean and let go of the rope pulling him up. He falls and suffers a bruised body and broken legs, which the ointment cures. Jean gains advice from the old woman on how to escape the Underworld, and is lifted out riding a giant eagle, which requires feeding each time it squawks.

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was also inclined to believe that the character was a totemic remnant. In his words: "Even today, one still comes across traces of totemism in these Ukrainian folk tales. They are to be found, for example, in tales of the bear, the master of the dense forests and the Carpathian Mountains. Here the

2030:, a new telling of a mysterious marriage Count, which appears to be born from the rape of his mother, and probably by a bear, these elements are gradually revealed, until the epilogue where the animal instincts of the character come to the fore. This news is written following a trip Merimee did in 2011:

contains several similarities to types 301A and 301B: after an encounter with the dangerous witch Želmoğuz, Er Töštük falls into the Underworld. Down there, he disguises himself with a scurvy appearance and marries a local princess. His father-in-law sends Er Töštük and his brothers-in-law on some

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On his way to the upper/surface world, the hero is advised by the eagle to bring him huge amounts of meat and drink to feed it on the arduous journey back. Eventually, the hero runs out of meat to feed his avian saviour and decides to rip pieces of his own flesh, to give the eagle energy to finish

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of information, or he is desperate to find an exit, he climbs onto the black animal and descends further into the strange underground realm. Often, it leads him to another kingdom, where a dragon has blocked all water sources and demands as ransom the sacrifice of a maiden (tale type ATU 300, "The

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Jean's party lodge at a castle, without sign of human presence, but with tables and beds prepared, and meals (and other wished-for items) that would appear as if by magic. They decide to go hunting, leaving one behind to sound the lunch bell. Tranche remains at the castle on the first turn, but a

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The hero's adversary at the "haunted" castle is typically a dwarf (or little man) who might be capable of becoming a giant, or just a giant, or it may be the devil in some instances. In the underworld, hordes of devils (or a devil) as enemies are a commonplace, but the devil(s) can be the hero's

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The character is said to be one of "the most popular tale-types in Hispanic and Francophone tradition". Numerous variants exist in France, often retaining the name Jean de l'Ours or something similar for the hero. Some of the analogues in Europe that retain the names corresponding to "John" are:

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The tale is classed more narrowly as type 301 B, and the whole group dubbed the "Jean de l'ours" type, especially in the French folkloristics community, whereas 301B is often called the "Strong man and his Companions" type in English-language circles. And analogues of "Jean de l'ours" often get

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They investigate the well, taking turns being lowered down riding a basket tied to a rope. Only Jean de l'Ours has courage to reach bottom. There John meets his informant, an old woman. She reveals the adversary to be a giant who abducted three princesses from Spain. Each princess is guarded

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Melions descends to a cave to rescue his beloved and two other maidens, captured by a dwarf. After he sends them through a rope to his two companions, they betray him and leave him stranded in the cave. With the help of animals (a horse, two dogs and two hawks), he returns to the surface.

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as belonging to ATU 301 tale type. In this story, a king locks his three daughter in a tower (instead of an underground prison) and the hero, after he is betrayed by his brothers, escapes the tower with the help of a magical flying horse. The story continues as another tale type: ATU 314,

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called "Yves of the iron stick", but this tale gives no bear-associated origins for the hero, and belongs in a group characterized by Delarue as being in the "periphery", to be distinguished from the main group of French tales that includes the representative example (Soldiers' version).

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is the version told by soldiers, and first published by Vidal et Delmart in 1833. No regional localization was given for the version. It was designated version 1 by Delarue, who gave a summary of it. It has also been translated into English as the tale of "The Story of John-of-the-Bear".

3841:Дюжев, Ю. И. "Зооморфные персонажи – похитители женщин в русских и прибалтийско-финских волшебных сказках". In: Межкультурные взаимодействия в полиэтничном пространстве пограничного региона: Сборник материалов международной научной конференции. Петрозаводск, 2005. pp. 200, 201-202. 2491:

mighty man is first of all supported with the motif of unusual birth. According to the tale, a woman encountered a bear in the woods, it brought her to the cave, and she gave birth to a son who had bear’s ears and was very strong. In this case, the remnants of totemism are obvious."

4580:, ed. by Frog, H. F. LeslieJacobsen, and J. S. Hopkins, vol. 10, chap. Between Text and Practice: Mythology, Religion and Research, pp. 62—63 (motif on map 4). Folklore Studies / Dept. of Philosophy, History, Culture and Art Studies University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Helsinki. 805:

Professor Michael Meraklis remarked that this episode is "usual" in Greek variants, and also happens "in many Anatolian versions". This episode also appears in "some Jewish versions", which is confirmed by scholar Heda Jason's analysis of the Jewish Oriental tale corpus.

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insist to eat it. His friends relent and let the devi eat their food, but Asphurtzela kills the devi and follow its severed head to a hole, where three princesses are being held captive. The usual narrative follows, but the avian helper of the hero in this version is a

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The hero's mother was already pregnant before being captured by bear, but still born half-human, half-bear; given the John the Bear name as a child; apprentices under three blacksmiths, cane is 500 pounds. Three companions: Jean de la Meule ('John of the Mill') playing

954:, and tales from Siberian folklore attest the transport of the hero by the eagle or another bird species from the depths of Hell to the world's surface. The geographical distribution of tale type ATU 301 with the presence of this motif seems to be spread along " 630:

The strong hero meets two (or more) equally strong companions in his travels: a man whose name is related to a type of tree ("Pine-twister") and another with abilities related to rock or stone ("Cliff-breaker"). According to Romanian scholar Petru Caraman

1319:) who kidnaps the girl in the forest and carries her to an underground dwelling. But Barbier's version which makes this substitution has been suspected of being an interpolation of a modern date, most probably by Barbier himself, in a study by N. Zaïkak. 1410:(a sort of goblin) who severs his own ear and gives it to Juanito. In some versions, "Lucifer's Ear" becomes the title of the tale. This motif also occurs widely in various versions from Latin America and Spanish-speaking populace in the United States ( 76:

The companions abandon him in the hole, taking the princesses for themselves. The hero escapes, finds the companions and gets rid of them. He marries the most beautiful princess of the three, but not before going through certain ordeal(s) by the king.

5326:, p. 87: Zaïkak proposes three scenarios: the second is the case where Barbier's informant who had read Cerquand created an interpolated version. The third scenario where Barbier adapted from Cerquand, is the case Zaïkak deems as most likely. 1941:. In this story, two shepherds find a pot of honey in a cave. One descends the hole in a basket, sends the pot of honey to his companion. However, one betrays the other, leaving him to die in the pit. The other shepherd has a vision that god 333:

on the other hand believed certain companions ("treeman", "mountain man", "stone man", etc.) should be regarded as native to Juan Oso tales, whereas generic companions (such as "the runner") are "strictly speaking" foreign to the tale group.

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archipelago and based on their similarities to tabulate a general overview of the narrative. He also noted that the variants he collected were connected to "two well-known European cycles of folk-tales, - 'Strong Hans' and 'John the Bear'".

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On the other hand, professor Jack Haney stated that the types AT 301A and 301B, "The Three Underground Tsardoms", are very popular in "the East Slavic world", and its combination with tale type AT 650A, "Strong Hans", is "very common in the

537:, in his doctoral thesis, surmised that "much more often (especially in the West)", the hero is born of a union between a woman and a bear, but elsewhere, "notably in the East", the hero is the son of a mare, a she-donkey or even of a cow. 1064:

seasons. Violet Alford also noted that the tale of Jean de l'Ours showed " more primitive compelling mountain form (Pyrenees and Alps) in which it is possible to distinguish some connection with the traditional bear cult of the Pyrenees."

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Folklorist William Bernard McCarthy, who published many variants of the tale type collected from American storytellers, noted that in all versions the rescue of the princesses from the underworld seemed to be a central part of the story.

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Delarue also concluded that the tale "gradually mitigated" the "shocking" human/animal relationship, by having the mother either being already pregnant, the bear capturing both mother and son, or the son being described as "strong as a

643:, from Polish legend, also belong to the same semantic field. In Western Europe, they correspond to French heroes "Tord-Chêne" and "Appuie-Montagne" (or "Liebois" and "Tranchemontagne") and German "Baumdreher" and "Steinzerreiber". 3802:Краюшкина, Т. В. (2009). Чудесные дети и их появление на свет в русских народных волшебных сказках Сибири и Дальнего Востока . Вестник Бурятского государственного университета. Педагогика. Филология. Философия, (10), 276-283. URL: 1682:

It has been noted that "the story of the underground journey and the three princesses ... is ubiquitous in the Hispanic tradition", where the strong hero travels to the underworld realm with his companions with fantastical powers.

1599:(collected in Chicago). Here, it can be seen that not only is the animal transposed to a female donkey, it is not the hero's parent, but only his wetnurse which allowed the abandoned child to suckle. It thus resembles the tale of 387:

At school, his hairiness earns him the nickname "Jean de l'Ours" from other schoolchildren. He retaliates with violence, the schoolmaster demands his parents punish him, he drops out, and enters apprenticeship under a blacksmith.

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imagination of the people created a close correlation between humans and bears (...) The son of such a union (Ivan Vedmid ) usually turns out to be a valiant warrior who has the strength of a bear and is the hero of the tale.

2973:"The Bear, Moustaches, Mountain Man, and Oakman Bogatyrs." In: The Complete Folktales of A. N. Afanas’ev: Volume I, edited by Haney Jack V., 321-29. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2014. doi:10.2307/j.ctt9qhm7n.91. 3815:Нуралиева, А. Р. (2013). Чудеснорожденный герой-богатырь в дагестанских народных сказках. Известия Дагестанского государственного педагогического университета. Общественные и гуманитарные науки, (1 (22)), 77-78. URL: 841: 913:

that regard, professor Amar Annus suggests that both motifs ("the slaying of a dragon and the hero’s journey on an eagle’s back") were combined into "one coherent narrative" that "may have existed orally in ancient

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for the totem/ancestor. In addition, Karelian scholarship recognizes that the animal as an abductor of women shows very ancient character - a possible totemic remembrance - and the bear appears the most in Russian,

3883:. Volume 56 - Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Edmonton, Alberta: Research report. Translated by Bohdan Medwidsky. Canada: Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press, University of Alberta, 1994. p. 17. 1772:

collected some 62 variants of the tale type AT 301 from China and adjacent countries. He also remarked that Chinese scholarship had already noted their resemblance to European folktales by the early 20th century.

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Balkans in one route and into North Africa from another. Lastly, professor Szövérffy defended the idea that this motif was distinct enough from the other types that merited its own classification as AaTh 301C.

2506: 940:, Professor Susie Hoogasian-Villa cited two Romani variants, one from Bukovina, where the hero of unusual birth is carried by the eagle, and one Welsh, where a dwarf takes the hero to the surface world. 1780:

source was collected, containing the ursine-born hero, the betrayal by his companions (two ghosts from a haunted house), the rescue of a maiden in a cave and the journey back to the surface on a bird.

1637:'s study, the tale is found "over the whole of Europe" ("specially well known in the Baltic and in Russia"), in the Near East, North Africa and in the Americas (brought by the French and the Spanish). 921:

the journey. According to Hungarian scholarship, the motif of a hero feeding parts of his own flesh to the animal that transports him to the upper world is "found in the entire folk tale repertoire of

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Likewise, Robert Barakat emphasized that the tale type AT 301 can be decomposed into 6 episodes, two of which "the stolen princesses" (episode nr. 3) and "the rescue of the maidens" (episode nr. 4).

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suggested that the motif of a hero feeding parts of his own flesh to the eagle he uses to escape the underworld may actually show considerable antiquity. He suggested this motif, numbered B322.1 in

1133:, alongside his side-by-side French translation. Nelli may have preferred the orthography "Joan de L'Ors", or at least that was the spelling he used when he was alerting his pending publication. 349:"), ATU 302 ("Devil's Heart in the Egg") and ATU 554 ("The Grateful Animals") may have once comprised a single narrative, but, with time, the original story fragmented into different tale types. 4999:

N° 49, 2003. Conte, conteurs et néo-conteurs. Usages et pratiques du conte et de l'oralité entre les deux rives de la Méditerranée. p. 89. ; www.persee.fr/doc/horma_0984-2616_2003_num_49_1_2159

5777:. Band 10: Nibelungenlied – Prozeßmotive. Herausgegeben von Rudolf Wilhelm Brednich; Hermann Bausinger; Wolfgang Brückner; Helge Gerndt; Lutz Röhrich; Klaus Roth. De Gruyter, 2016 . p. 1365. 2113: 555:

narrative: one Eurasian, which follows the usual narrative very closely, and an American (Indigenous), "belong ... to British Columbia, the adjacent Yukon and southern Alaska", also known as

2964:"Ivan the Bear’s Son." In: The Complete Folktales of A. N. Afanas’ev: Volume I, edited by Haney Jack V., 359-61. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2014. doi:10.2307/j.ctt9qhm7n.99. 571:

His cane weighs from 500 pounds (e.g. Cosquin's two full versions) ranging to 10,000 pounds (Carnoy ed.) in a version from Provence. Provence is where not the standard French but

4206:Аминев Закирьян Галимьянович. "Эпос «Урал-батыр» как источник по изучению космогонических воззрений древних башкир". In: Проблемы востоковедения, no. 2 (56), 2012, p. 93. URL: 1690:

folktale": the hero rescues three princesses in the underworld realm, is abandoned by his companions and hitches a ride on the eagle's back in order to return to the surface.

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Mesopotamia in the Ancient World: Impact, Continuities, Parallels. Proceedings of the Seventh Symposium of the Melammu Project Held in Obergurgl, Austria, November 4–8, 2013

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In Babou's version, a widow is abducted by a bear who makes the sign of the cross, and she stays with the bear. She returns a year later with a 3-month old as large as she.

230: 174: 3828:Хайрнурова, Л. А. (2012). Мотив рождения богатыря в русских и башкирских волшебных сказках. Вестник Челябинского государственного университета, (20 (274)), 140-142. URL: 3803: 1625:

or a machete weighing 24 kilograms has displaced the massive cane in French versions. There is also a version with an "iron weapon" with which he severs the devil's ear.

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The hero's helpers in the El Paso version were Aplanacerros (Mountain Breaker) and Tumbapinos (Pine Twister), reminiscent of names in the French version, whereas in the

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Approche textologique et comparative du conte traditionnel basque dans les versions bilingues de 1873 à 1942: (W. Webster, J.-F. Cerquand, J. Barbier, R. M. de Azkue)

639:, they may be known as "Dughina", "Dubyna", "Vernidub", "Vertodub" or "Vyrvidub", and "Goryńa", "Vernigora", "Vertogor" or "Valigora". The pair of heroic brothers 5256: 936:

helping an eagle, a tale type later classified as ATU 537, "The Eagle as helper: hero carried on the wings of a helpful eagle". In her analysis of Armenian tale

253:'s version (1885). Along the same vein, Jean de l'Ours was a beautiful foundling adopted by a widow according to Carnoy in another version (1885, illustrated by 5010: 509:

In the same vein, by analysing Central Asian, Caucasian and Siberian variants of the animal-born hero, Russian scholarship concluded that the bear represents a

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listed other occurrences of the motif across European tales. Professor Raluca Nicolae interpreted this occurrence as alternance of a night and day cycle.

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Decourt, Nadine. "Les Quatre saisons de Léon et Jean de l’Ours : entre conte et film d’animation, questions de transmission et de réception". In:

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noted that the event of the hero fighting the dwarf or devil who beat his companions "occur in nearly all the folk-tales of the 'John the Bear' type".

225: 167: 6129:. Edited, translated, and introduced by William Hansen; with illustrations by Glynnis Fawkes. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 2017. pp. 98-99. 5934:

Ting, Nai-tung. "AT Type 301 in China and Some Countries Adjacent to China: A Study of a Regional Group and its Significance in World Tradition". In:

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Ting, Nai-tung. "AT Type 301 in China and Some Countries Adjacent to China: A Study of a Regional Group and its Significance in World Tradition". In:

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Ting, Nai-tung. "AT Type 301 in China and Some Countries Adjacent to China: A Study of a Regional Group and its Significance in World Tradition". In:

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Ting, Nai-tung. "AT Type 301 in China and Some Countries Adjacent to China: A Study of a Regional Group and its Significance in World Tradition". In:

687:, 'mountain'. He also compared Vertodub to German Baumdreher (or Holzkrummacher) and Vertogor to his counterpart Steinzerreiber (or Felsenkripperer). 3027:) from Leopold Gemoets, then 19 years old, resident of El Paso, Texas, collected in 1964. He had heard it from a gardener in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico. 1789: 318:, and fall widely into types 301A, 301B, 301C, or 301D. And they exhibit mixing not only with the AT 650 mentioned above, but also with Type 513 A, " 7023:, n°13, 1993. Les frontières culturelles en Amérique latine (deuxième série) pp. 39–56. ; www.persee.fr/doc/ameri_0982-9237_1993_num_13_1_1133 1799:

stated that the tale type AT 301 "The Three Stolen Princesses", showed "particular prominence" in the Eastern Mediterranean and Near East regions.

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American folklorist Robert A. Barakat published in English translation his collected versions "of North Mexico". These included a tale (entitled

1111: 836: 810: 295:"John the Bear" is categorized as Type 301 or "Three Stolen Princesses" type. Type 301 is also sometimes termed the "Bear' son" type, although " 3248: 2501: 1945:

instructs the man to hurt his own flesh to attract vultures. The ploy works and the vultures carry the shepherd to their nest at the foothill.

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He discovers the underworld by knocking on the floor with the cane; He descends hanging on a rope; at the bottom, hero's informant is a fairy (

367: 243: 4772: 2611:, but Ladurie merely analyzed the bear in these rituals as having aspects of both a flock-endangering beast, and a satyr-like sexual predator. 1981:

Professor Joseph Szövérffy drew attention to another possible parallel to the tale type: in an episode of the medieval (13th century) romance

1876:, that mix type AT 650A (the mishaps of the hero's childhood) with type AT 301B (rescue of princesses in the underworld and flight on eagle). 2715:

Barakat does not clearly identify the tale type, suggesting it is contaminated by several motifs "usually found in other tale types", p. 335.

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believed these were an outside element introduced from other tales; and Clive Claudel attributed such helpers to Thompson's tale type 513 A.

4571: 463:(1968). The plotline is quite similar to the soldier's version summarized above, with numerous differences in detail, which will be noted: 3829: 596: 1147:, and there was a building on that icon, so that in the eyes of some Joan de l'Orso may have appeared as "the hero par excellence of the 721:, the central character (a supernaturally powerful man) meets two or more companions: a man named Tau-Batyr (or Gora-Batyr, from Russian 4754:. Edited by Mirjana Detelić and Lidija Delić. Belgrade: Institute for Balkan Studies/Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. 2015. p. 67. 4691:

Khidashelt, Manana Sh.. "Religious Beliefs of the Caucasian Society of the Early Iron Age (According to Archaeological Evidence)". In:

4426:. Eingeleitet, übers, und bearb. von Walter Puchner. (Raabser Märchen-Reihe, Bd. 9. Wien: Österr. Museum für Volkskunde, 1992. p. 132. 4298:

Delarue's element VI b "he asks how to escape from an old woman", b1 "from another being in the Underworld". Delarue's 26., Ms. ver. J,

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https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/chudesnye-deti-i-ih-poyavlenie-na-svet-v-russkih-narodnyh-volshebnyh-skazkah-sibiri-i-dalnego-vostoka

3764:. Eingeleitet, übers, und bearb. von Walter Puchner. (Raabser Märchen-Reihe, Bd. 9. Wien: Österr. Museum für Volkskunde, 1992. p. 128. 6023:

Boletín del Instituto Francés de Estudios Andinos. Número especial: “Tradición Oral y mitologías andinas”. Lima, 1997, Tomo 26, Nº 3.

3668:

It is commonplace theme VI e "par une route qui ramène à la terre", but Delarue noted the additional "ne doit pas regarder derrière",

2138: 1266:

tale group, but it is not exhibited in many examples in his list. This motif of a she-bear raising the hero is paralleled by Orson in

488:); hero destroys little devils in two rooms before reaching a chamber of three princesses; companions release rope carrying the hero. 3816: 1693:

According to Professor Bronislava Kerbelytė, the tale type AT 301B is reported to register 240 Lithuanian variants, under the banner

824:

Georgian scholarship also registers the combination of types 301A and 301B with type 300: the hero defeats the dragon (translated as

7019:

Fourtané, Nicole. "La conception du héros dans les contes hispaniques et dans ceux des Andes péruviennes: le cas de Juan Oso". In:

6026: 2210:

It should be noted, however, that the third revision of the Aarne-Thompson classification system, made in 2004 by German folklorist

1618:, which is indeed a story classified as Type 301B, but one whose protagonist has no connection to a bear or any substituted animal. 4862:

Navet, Éric. "Les Ojibway et l'Amanite tue-mouche (Amanita muscaria). Pour une ethnomycologie des Indiens d'Amérique du Nord". In:

6087:(s. XVIII) y las variantes hispánicas de dos cuentos maravillosos: Three Stolen Princesses (ATU, 301) y Goldener (ATU, 314)". In: 4103:

Semiotica Sovietica: sowjetische Arbeiten der Moskauer und Tartuer Schule zu sekundären modellbildenden Zeichensystemen, 1962-1973

2340:. Tord/Twistoak used oak trees as cord to tie bundles of wood, Tranche/Cutmountain lifted boulders with pincers and smashed them). 6447: 4364: 7085: 395:

He leaves the blacksmith, and as compensation, obtains an iron cane weighing 800 pounds in the shaft and 200 pounds more at the

4125: 2836:. Folklore Fellows Communications (FFC) n. 284. Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia-Academia Scientiarum Fennica, 2004. p. 177. 873:

The escape frequently involves a ride on the back of a giant bird, usually an eagle (as in the Soldier's version), sometimes a

794:

noted, in a monograph, the occurrence of the black and white animals in Greek, Turkish, Armenian tales, and in a story told by

5311:

On peut même supposer que le conte de Barbier est plus tardif et qu’il est résultat d’une substitution de l’ours par Basa-Jaun

2834:

The types of International Folktales. A Classification and Bibliography, Based on the System of Antti Aarne and Stith Thompson

513:

or ancestor figure and the encounter of the human (a married woman or a married man) with the animal happens in the forest, a

6993: 5836: 5803: 5782: 5575: 4913: 4838: 4789: 4759: 4338: 3922: 3867: 3790: 3367: 2868: 2305:

remarkable power (supernatural sight, hearing, speed, or the like", recur in tale types 513 and 514, and many others besides.

2084: 2079: 4253:

Delarue lists the devil (IV c) Delarue's version 27., Millien-Delarue version K, version 30., ms. version N; "little devil (

2358:

When a pipe to smoke is wished for, it states "Poof! And there were three pipes of excellent Maryland tobacco on the table".

802:. He noted that the event of the escape flight on the giant bird occurred as the closing episode of the second underworld. 4208:

https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/epos-ural-batyr-kak-istochnik-po-izucheniyu-kosmogonicheskih-vozzreniy-drevnih-bashkir-1

4123:

Caraman, Petru. "Xilogeneza şi litogeneza omului. Eseu despre originea şi evoluţia credinţelor în Europa Orientală" . In:

725:, 'mountain'), strong enough to move mountains, and another called Urman-Batyr or Imyan-Batyr (or Les-Batyr, from Russian 7125: 7115: 426:

Near the end he runs out of meat, and he flays some flesh from his own thigh, but this too heals using the jar of salve.

319: 6193: 4747: 2759:

The iron weapon which the grandfather (the king) provides. Barakat assumes it to be a machete in subsequent discussion (

1099:) in the Occitaine. Indeed, French scholarship points that it is the region where most versions have been found so far. 4193: 1842: 264:), but this, except for an altered telling of the boy's origin, is by and large identical to the tale given earlier by 7049:. Martin, Jean-Baptiste (dir.); Decourt, Nadine (dir.). Lyon: Presses universitaires de Lyon, 2003. pp. 281–295. 6021:

Robin, Valérie (1997). "El cura y sus hijos osos o el recorrido civilizador de los hijos de una cura y una osa". In:

5986:

Annus, Amar. (2009). "Review Article: The Folk-Tales of Iraq and the Literary Traditions of Ancient Mesopotamia". In:

5262: 4456:

Annus, Amar. (2009). "Review Article: The Folk-Tales of Iraq and the Literary Traditions of Ancient Mesopotamia". In:

2431:

11 devils in one room, 12 in another. Compare the three types of beasts in three castles in Delarue's version 1 above.

1818:

tradition ("relato panandino") and purportedly belongs to an ancient indigenous tradition, although variants exist in

1007:

The ungrateful companions suffer various fates: either disappear, are punished, or forgiven depending on the version.

7054: 6970: 6885: 6849: 6823: 6790: 6649: 6518: 6470: 6315: 6134: 6060: 5974: 5757:

Frank, R. M. (2019). "Translating a Worldview in the longue durée: The Tale of “The Bear’s Son”". In: Głaz A. (eds).

5733: 5566: 5021: 4431: 4111: 3888: 3846: 3769: 3481:

Frank, R. M. (2019). "Translating a Worldview in the longue durée: The Tale of “The Bear’s Son”". In: Głaz A. (eds).

3327: 3284: 3268: 3066: 1079:

is the head of John the Bear. In the Pyrenees, 'Jean' is sometimes regarded as an Anglicized corruption of "people" (

4240:

Delarue's element IV c is adversary with a tiny body, c is him growing ever larger, c is him coming from the devil.

1610:, they were Carguín Cargón (the Carrier), Soplín Soplón (the Sigher), Oidín Oidón (the Hearer), exactly as found in 7120: 6570: 4091:. Folklore Fellows Communications FFC no. 184. Third Edition. Helsinki: Academia Scientiarum Fennica, 1973 . p. 93. 2683: 2481:"The significance of these totem animals (...) comes from old stories of encounters between animals and ancestors." 1254: 932:

In regards to the journey on the eagle's back, folklorist scholarship recognizes its similarities with the tale of

4367:". In: Восток. Журнал литературы, науки и искусства. Книга четвертая. М.; Пб.: Всемирная литература, 1924. p. 115. 659: 346: 6552: 1087:), an assumption which works well in French, but not in the various other languages and dialects of the region. 862: 603:, where the hero is in the mother's womb for 3 years. as well as a version given in both translation and in the 6502: 6486: 6283: 4875:

Ermacora, Davide. "Invariant cultural forms in Carlo Ginzburg’s «Ecstasies»: A thirty-year retrospective". In:

4829:

Annus, Amar & Sarv, Mari. "The Ball Game Motif in the Gilgamesh Tradition and International Folklore". In:

2159: 1675: 1522: 1365: 991: 310:

tales as analyzed by the Spanish-language folklorists are described in similar vein, with certain differences.

768:

Hero Joan del'Ors releases the princess in the underground palace from her serpentine captor. Illustration by

5595: 5537: 2677: 2671: 1958: 259: 6807: 6428: 4558:

The index of Georgian folktale plot types: systematic directory, according to the system of Aarne - Thompson

4576: 4219:

Valero, Sergio Crescenciano. "Cuentos populares Bashkires: herencia viva entre los Urales y Tartaria". In:

19:

This article is about the French 301B type folktale and its character. For a looser grouping of tales, see

7015: 4634:

Delarue's element VI c is his climbing out, c by a monster or quadruped, c by an eagle or some other bird.

2660: 1328: 1136:

Fabre and J. Lacroix also published a recitation of the tale by a conteuse from Aude (Louise Cassagneau).

7130: 6003:, vol. 26, núm. 3, 1997. Institut Français d'Études Andines; Lima, Organismo Internacional. pp. 349-350. 4178: 4148: 4102: 2133: 4908:. Collection Langues et cultures anciennes 17. Bruxelles, Belgique: Éditions Safran. 2011. pp. 267-286. 4866:. Tome 74, 1988. pp. 174 and 178 (footnote nr. 28). ; www.persee.fr/doc/jsa_0037-9174_1988_num_74_1_1334 4163: 3830:

https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/motiv-rozhdeniya-bogatyrya-v-russkih-i-bashkirskih-volshebnyh-skazkah

2689: 2102: 1580:, Mexico, as well as tales from natives of that city residing in the United States: a version entitled 1205: 769: 640: 254: 1177:'s version (1862), considered to be an arranged piece of work to a large degree, the hero goes to the 7031: 2063: 1937:

Scholarship on the tale type indicates similarities between the narrative and a tale by Greek writer

7135: 7110: 5567:

Rondalles populars valencianes: Antologia, catàleg i estudi dins la tradició del folklore universal

4995:

Loddo, Daniel. "Le conte occitan en Midi-Pyrénées d'après les collectes du Cordea/la Talvera". In:

4667:. Beirut: Orient-Inst. der Deutschen Morgenländischen Ges. ; Wiesbaden: Steiner , 1984. p. 60. 714:, they are known as "Arrinca-pinheiros" ("Tears-out-pines") and "Abaixa-montes" ("Smashes-hills"). 5952: 4937:

Alford, Violet. "Reviewed Work: The Borzoi Book of French Folk Tales by Paul Delarue (1956)". In:

3817:

https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/chudesnorozhdennyy-geroy-bogatyr-v-dagestanskih-narodnyh-skazkah

4954: 3396:

The Types of the Folktale in Cuba, Puerto Rico, The Dominican Republic, and Spanish South America

2702:

In the story, a girl returning from Mendive to Otchagarria in Spain is abducted by a bear in the

2608: 2148: 1890: 1646: 1397: 183:). The tale has also propagated to the New World, with examples from French Canada, Mexico, etc. 7039: 6008: 5956:. University of Pennsylvania, Department of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies. 1994. pp. 114-116. 5039: 4801: 4228: 4134: 6370: 4904:

Sergent, Bernard. "De Jean de l'Ours à Persée ou de quelques modalités de la disjonction". In:

2665: 2143: 1076: 6617: 6600: 6490: 6380: 6350: 5698:"European variants hero a magic sword or walking stick; Mexican versions give him a machete", 4047: 3999: 3467: 3315: 3165: 3135: 3054: 2949: 2859: 2185: 846:

limits the incidence of the two rams motif around the Mediterranean area, "but not beyond the

280: 6960: 6811: 6544: 6528: 6432: 6254: 6113:

Bottani, Giorgia. "Sbadilon in Islanda: Il Contesto Iniziatico Di Tre Racconti Lontani". In:

6100:

Bottani, Giorgia. "Sbadilon in Islanda: Il Contesto Iniziatico Di Tre Racconti Lontani". In:

4982:

Pelen, Jean-Noël. "Béraud-Williams (Sylvette). — Contes populaires de l'Ardèche, 1983 ". In:

4411:

Les Contes indiens et l'occident: petites monographies folkloriques à propos de contes Maures

4260: 3101:, Mémoires de l'Académie impériale des sciences de St.-Petersbourg, series 3, vol. XIX, No. 6 3094: 2295:

Or, "strictly speaking, do not belong to the bear's-son saga" to put it in Colgrave's words).

2247:

The "Three Stolen Princesses" is something of an official title, published in Aarne-Thompson

2090: 1686:

Professor Susie Hoogasian-Villa claimed that the tale-type "The World Below" is "one typical

1650: 6271: 4986:, n°2-3/1985. pp. 153-154. www.persee.fr/doc/mar_0758-4431_1985_num_13_2_1278_t1_0153_0000_4 4681: 3428: 1274: 7140: 6513:, vol. 1, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, pp. 17, 100–110, 467, 5999:

Taylor, Gerald. "Juan Puma, el hijo del oso. Cuento quechua de La Jalca, Chachapoyas". In:

5646: 4646: 2001: 1938: 926: 575:

is the traditional language spoken, and the cane's weight of 10,000 pounds matches the 100

399:. He obtains two companions, Tord-Chêne ("Twistoak") and Tranche-Montagne ("Cutmountain"). 338: 7026:

Hernández Fernández, Ángel. “El cuento del fortachón en el folklore y la literatura”. In:

6980: 5011:"À la recherche d'un " héros occitan " ? Jean de l'Ours dans la littérature d'oc aux" 4590: 3947: 2440:

Whether cutting or releasing is still the same motif VI a according to Delarue's analysis.

1679:, remarked that type AaTh 301B is "more typical" of Western, Central and Northern Europe. 591:

There are other examples where the hero is "John Iron-Stick", named after his cane (e.g.,

8: 6024: 5862:

The Complete Russian Folktale: v. 3: Russian Wondertales 1 - Tales of Heroes and Villains

4773:

Review Article: The Folk-Tales of Iraq and the Literary Traditions of Ancient Mesopotamia

3681:

Delarue notes, after VII a that "Chasse ses compagnons, princesses rentrent chez le roi".

2097: 1865: 1506: 1268: 711: 220:

The hero is human from the waist up and bear from the waist down in one Mexican version (

6540: 6230: 5508: 1611: 1381: 877:. Versions also exist where the bird is a legendary avian creature, such as the Persian 7065: 6905: 6891: 6855: 6834:"Le conte entre l'oral, le représenté et l'écrit. l'histoire du conte "Jean de l'ours"" 6760: 6738: 6711: 6691: 6682: 6212:

Boratav, Pertev Naili. "The Tale and the Epico-Novelistic Narrative". In: Dégh, Linda.

3359: 2848:, pp. 318–320: analysis of themes for sections II ~ VII (applicable to Type 301 B) 2569: 2069: 2048:

In 2011, the novel by Philippe Jaenada "Woman and Bear" explicitly refers to the tale.

1901:

It has been suggested that the tale of John the Bear may be connected to the legend of

1794: 1767: 1755: 1406: 1182: 1016: 898: 815: 296: 69: 20: 6644:, Canti e racconti del popolo italiano, vol. VII, E. Loescher, pp. 157–161, 6574: 6364: 2829: 2211: 1480: 533:

By comparing Romanian variants of type 301 to international tales, French philologist

7093: 7050: 7035: 6989: 6966: 6881: 6845: 6819: 6786: 6645: 6587:

Barbier, Jean (1931), "Hachko eta harén bi lagunak (Hachko et ses deux compagnons)",

6514: 6466: 6311: 6279: 6130: 6004: 5970: 5832: 5799: 5778: 5729: 5571: 4909: 4834: 4797: 4755: 4676:

Günay Türkeç, U. (2009). "Türk Masallarında Geleneksel ve Efsanevi Yaratıklar" . In:

4427: 4334: 4224: 4130: 4107: 3934:

Delarue's versions 9 and 10, Cosquin's No.1, summarized above, and Cosquin's No. 52,

3918: 3884: 3863: 3842: 3786: 3765: 3363: 3323: 3280: 3242: 3062: 2864: 2005: 1902: 1701: 1658: 1542: 1538: 890: 699: 691: 546: 473: 5773:

Puchner, Walter. "Prinzessinnen: Die drei geraubten Prinzessinnen (AaTh 301)" . In:

3356:

Beowulf and the bear's son: epic, saga, and fairytale in northern Germanic tradition

1841:

Variants of the tale type have been collected from the oral tale repertoire of many

1140: 1053: 6730: 6674: 5759:

Languages – Cultures – Worldviews. Palgrave Studies in Translating and Interpreting

5607: 5599: 4880: 3483:

Languages – Cultures – Worldviews. Palgrave Studies in Translating and Interpreting

1654: 1518: 1389: 1116: 1103: 1028: 1020: 791: 695: 671: 636: 632: 599:,) but this tale also lacks the bear-origins opening. From Brittany, there is also 572: 448: 330: 326: 303:

admixed with elements of another but very similar tale type, Strong John (AT 650).

154: 141: 135: 110: 102: 89: 6011: 5711:"John of the Bear (Juan del Oso)" from Sandra Maria de Jesus Padilla, age 28, in: 4879:: an international Journal 9. Pisa, Roma: Fabrizio Serra, 2017. p. 82. Permalink: 1577: 1257:

accompanied by Spanish translation. The name Juan Artz denotes "Juan Bear", where

534: 268:(1862): In both texts he is depicted as an angel-faced, blue-eyed boy who wears a 195:

Jean-de-l'Ours as a child, here a foundling adopted by a widow abducted by a bear.

6945: 6869: 6833: 6778: 6637: 6506: 6458: 6325: 6305: 6240: 6059:. Volume XXV. Washington : American Folklore Society. 1912. pp. 251 and 254-258. 6030: 4272: 4197:. 1º Anno. Tomo Segundo. Lisboa: Escriptório da Revista Occidental, 1875. p. 441. 3314:

Bierhorst, John (2016), Duggan, Anne E.; Haase, Donald; Callow, Helen J. (eds.),

2026: 2021: 1953:

Paul Delarue also listed as ancient parallels to the bear-born hero a myth about

1926: 1835: 1666: 1342: 1312: 1307: 1294: 1242: 1236: 1222: 1216: 1199: 1174: 1043: 1032: 982: 874: 855: 799: 647: 604: 372: 299:" in general practice is a looser term that encompasses both 301 and 650A types. 265: 248: 210: 44: 6925: 6750:

Goodwyn, Frank (1953). "Another Mexican Version of the 'Bear's Son' Folk Tale".

4816:

GAÁL Balázs (2014). "Sibi király és a galamb. Egy üldözött madár nyomában". In:

4606:

Nicolae, Raluca. "Personifications of Day and Night in Romanian Folktales". In:

4557: 1159: 1052:

that there were parallels between the birth origins of the hero and the various

205:

Several French versions explicitly comment on Jean de l'ours being covered with

191: 6401: 1921:

tale collected from an old female storyteller in the 1970s. Sbadilón carries a

1670: 1662: 1634: 1585: 986: 905:. In American variants of the tale type, the hero is carried on the wings of a 718: 527: 456: 396: 6965:, University of California Press, pp. 32–33, 183, 85–86, 52, 287, Index, 5762: 5589: 3486: 2572:, in Armenian tales there are three rams: one white, one black, and a red one. 1858: 7104: 6665:

Colgrave, Bertram (1951). "A Mexican Version of the 'Bear's Son' Folk Tale".

6326:"The Story of John-of-the-Bear and the Story of Cricket (soldier's versions)" 5603: 5594:. Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology. Vol. 23. Washington, D.C.: 4398: 2449:

The broken leg is healed by the ointment also, which here the fairy provides.

1736: 1377: 1354: 975: 944: 868: 679: 523: 236: 5939: 5923: 5907: 5178:

Dicen que a Juan le crió en el monte una osa porque sua madre no tenía pecho

5070: 4696: 4544: 4490: 4474: 1566: 1432: 6332:, Fife, Austin E. (tr.), Chappell, Walter (illustr.), Knopf, pp. 45–69 4833:. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag - Buch- und Medienhandel GmbH. 2015. pp. 289-290. 4269:; a seven-headed devil (of which Jean breaks three heads) in Delarue's 59, 4072:

Troude, Amable; Milin (1870), "Iann he vaz houarn (Jean a la Bar de Fer)",

3783:

Fabulous Creatures, Mythical Monsters, and Animal Power Symbols: A Handbook

2703: 2214:, subsumed both subtypes AaTh 301A and AaTh 301B into the new type ATU 301. 2165: 1743: 1509:), also described in some versions as the son of a bear and a human woman. 1349:) published in 1878 and 1882. This version was taken down from a native of 1282: 1148: 959: 886: 882: 787: 746: 363: 7058: 6055:

Boas, Franz. "Notes on Mexican Folk-Lore". In: American Folklore Society.

5889:

Colgrave, Bertram. "A Mexican Version of the 'Bear's Son' Folk Tale". In:

5744:

Colgrave, Bertram. "A Mexican Version of the 'Bear's Son' Folk Tale". In:

5488: 5486: 4393:

Horálek, Karel. "Märchen aus Tausend und einer Nacht bei den Slaven". In:

1448: 217:

adds that he had "a large head just like a bear's, except for its shape".

6454: 6397: 5261:, Wheeler, Max W. (ed.), University of Sussex, p. 35, archived from 3269:"The types of international folktales. a classification and bibliography" 2738: 2038: 1854: 1777: 1747: 1558: 1550: 1495: 1221:

also published a version in which a mother who had no food due to famine

1130: 996: 963: 914: 851: 795: 742: 580: 242:

Jean de l'Ours is a beautiful abandoned child raised by a mother bear in

7045:

Liégeois, Catherine. "Miklos fils de jument: état d'une recherche". In:

6895: 6859: 6816:

Catálogo de cuentos folclóricos reelaborados por escritores del siglo 19

5865: 4805: 4611: 4572:

Folklore and Mythology Catalogue: its Lay-out and Potential for Research

1754:

Professor Bertram Colgrave also stated that variants have been found in

1717:

tied to both feet. The trio sets up camp and cook their food, but three

1487: 287:(1988) depicts Jean with rounded bear's ears attached high on his head. 276:'s falling from head to chest, and carries a poplar sapling as a staff. 6742: 6624:(in French and Basque), vol. 2, L. Ribaut, pp. 11–14, 148–149 5483: 4528: 3730: 2458:"3 boules ornée de perles, diamants, émauds," noted as unique element, 2409:

Holding up a mountain to keep it from falling and being dashed to bits.

2286:

i.e., "of the general fairy tale type" to use Colgrave's exact wording.

1954: 1873: 1869: 1421:(Blacos version above), the bear's son has a massive ball weighing 100 1143:

had worked the Joan de l'Orso character throughout his prodigious work

1122: 583:, The cane's weight can even be 100,000 pounds, in a cognate tale from 6764: 6715: 6695: 6686: 6549:, Ingram, J. H. (trans.), London: W. Swan Sonnenschein, pp. 88–98 6180: 6151: 5611: 4942: 4511: 4381: 3917:. Vol. 1: A-F. Edited by Donald Haase. Greenwood Press. 2008. p. 103. 1451: 1441: 1095:

The tale type AT 301B is said to be one of the most widespread tales (

6701:

Barakat, Robert A. (1965). "The Bear's Son Tale in Northern Mexico".

4893:

Le premier héros: Gargantua, Jean de l'Ours et de Dénicheur d'Oiseaux

4695:. Edited by Horst Klengel. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1982. p. 130. 3320:

Folktales and Fairy Tales: Traditions and Texts from around the World

2153: 2031: 1831: 1714: 1186: 1178: 1057: 951: 478: 455:(listed as Delarue's version 9). Its English translation appeared in 315: 206: 6734: 5628:) from a 20 years-old resident of Ciudad Juarez, collected in 1964, 4610:

49, 1-2 (2008): 79-80 (footnote nr. 46), 81 (footnote nr. 52). doi:

4182:. Vol. 1. Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, 1964. p. 89. 2878: 2876: 2813: 2811: 2724:

Barakat says "John Bear" follows the typical plotline of type 301A.

2581:

Scholar Joseph Szövérffy called this a "second or lower Underworld".

1484: 1457: 1444: 1435: 995:, is the most ancient part of the tale type, being traceable to the 6947:

Jean de l'Ours: analyse formelle et thématique d'un conte populaire

6678: 5893:

64, no. 254 (1951): 411. Accessed May 24, 2021. doi:10.2307/537011.

5748:

64, no. 254 (1951): 410. Accessed May 24, 2021. doi:10.2307/537011.

5145:, p. 103, Juan Artz 'Juan l’Ours', and p. 142, note 184, glossing 4354:

78, no. 310 (1965): 331. Accessed May 24, 2021. doi:10.2307/538440.

2796: 2556: 2120: 2074: 2034:

and the Baltic countries where the story (or legend) was underway.

1970: 1966: 1962: 1917:

Sbadilòn, or Giovanni Sbadilòn Senzaterra, is the protagonist of a

1850: 1846: 1502: 1461: 1302: 1163:

Jean-de-l'Ours combats the archdemon who uses a shark as his mount.

1061: 584: 444: 269: 7032:

http://www.culturaspopulares.org/textos2/articulos/hernandezf1.htm

6870:"Le Conte populaire français: Inventaire analytique et méthodique" 6442: 6074:. Part 3. New York: American Folk-lore Society. 1943. pp. 293-295. 3602: 3590: 3578: 3566: 3554: 2264:

Oak-Twister, Millstone-Hurler, Mountain-Pusher in the French tales

1454: 1019:, across languages. These include for example "Joan de l'Ors" in 4350:

Barakat, Robert A. "The Bear's Son Tale in Northern Mexico". In:

2873: 2808: 2737:

Except the hero has no name like "Juan" in the Spanish tale from

2595: 2327:

Delarue's section heading is "II. Naissance et enfance du héros".

1906: 1827: 1823: 1723: 1687: 1622: 1546: 1501:

Spanish scholarship has called attention to a similar being from

1385: 1350: 1301:; "Hachko and his two companions"), instead of a bear, it is the 948: 922: 906: 902: 878: 847: 576: 519: 325:

Type 513 A is marked by the presence of "extraordinary helpers".

3614: 2986:, p. 318, seen in versions 1, 4, 9, (Cosquin's no. 1), etc. 2546:

contain the verb "vernút", that means "to return, to give back".

764: 5548: 5546: 4167:. New York: Pollard & Moss, 1887. p. 170 (second footnote). 3491: 1942: 1918: 1562: 1423: 1404:

command him at his disposal. In one tale the hero encounters a

1173:

Some tales from Provence were published in standard French. In

971: 955: 468: 273: 5635: 5473: 5471: 5193:, p. 368, this opening sentence retranslated into French. 4164:

Russian Folk-tales: a choice collection of Muscovite folk-lore

3955:, although in the latter the hero is a boy with no given name. 2188:'s illustrations which depict Jean de l'ours with bear's ears. 1893:" (prince works in menial position in another king's palace). 1438: 26: 6721:

Barakat, Robert A. (1967). "John of the Bear and 'Beowulf'".

6175:

Szövérffy, Joseph. "From Beowulf to the Arabian Nights". In:

6146:

Szövérffy, Joseph. "From Beowulf to the Arabian Nights". In:

5172:

Mendian, amak bularrik ezeukalako, artz batek ezi eieban Juan

4506:

Szövérffy, Joseph. "From Beowulf to the Arabian Nights". In:

4376:

Szövérffy, Joseph. "From Beowulf to the Arabian Nights". In:

3544: 3542: 2105:("Mountain Beater" and "Oak Tearer"), legendary Polish heroes 1922: 1815: 1554: 1190: 967: 933: 752: 510: 362:

A key example of type 301 B noted by French scholars such as

5543: 5514: 4176:

Călinescu, George; Academia Republicii Socialiste România .

4089:

The types of the folktale: a classification and bibliography

2912: 828:) and takes a journey on a griffin-like bird (translated as 6818:(in Spanish), Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press, pp. 65–69, 6363:

Carnoy, É. Henri (1885a). "Jean l'Ours et ses compagnons".

6157: 5818:. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. 1966. pp. 500-505. 5656: 5468: 5238: 5236: 5111: 4191:"Os Elementos Tradicionaes da Litteratura: Os Contos". In: 4017: 2900: 2637:

Few examples, apparently only Delarue's 5., from Birette,

2127:

For other tales about rescuing princesses in the underworld

1909:

and character Sbadilòn, the hero of an Italian fairy tale.

1819: 1803: 1428: 1126: 1024: 894: 452: 6796:(Acadian Tales and Mrs. Laura McNeil, West Pubnico, N. S.) 5953:

China's Dagur Minority: Society, Shamanism, & Folklore

5798:. The University Press of Mississippi. 2007. pp. 351-352. 5705: 4790:

Flesh and bones: On literary and real codes in fairy tales

3990: 3963: 3961: 3727:

Element II, b. "Il naít d'un ours et d'une femme enlevée".

3539: 3503: 3448: 3446: 3410: 3408: 3292: 2982:

Delarue's element II c, "II a le corps couvert de poils",

1814:

The tale, in the Americas, is claimed to be widespread in

1368:

published three versions of Juan el Oso from Spain in his

869:

Escape from the Underworld: the flight on the eagle's back

7072:

46, no. 3 (2009): 325–49. doi:10.2979/jfr.2009.46.3.325.

6507:"62. Juanillo el Oso, 63. Juan Oso, 64. 64 El Hijo Burru" 6127:

The book of Greek and Roman folktales, legends, and myths

5050: 4984:

Le Monde alpin et rhodanien. Revue régionale d'ethnologie

3904:. Paris: Librairie Universitaire J. Gamber, 1930. p. 111. 3204: 3202: 3200: 2786: 2784: 2349:

Delarue entitled the section "IV. Dans le château hanté".

1708:("hundred leaves"), a mother's daughter is captured by a 1431:) made for him, to be used as weapon. His companions are 619: 239:

tale "Bear's Ear", the protagonist has ears like a bear.

6777:

Creighton, Helen; Taft, Michael; Caplan, Ronald (1993),

5668: 5233: 4906:

Routes et parcours mythiques. Des textes à l'archéologie

4469:

Jason, Heda. "Types of Jewish-Oriental Oral Tales". In:

1925:

and meets two strong companions: Tagliaboschi, son of a

1697:, with and without contamination from other tale types. 5918:

Ting, Nai-tung. "More Chinese Versions of AT 301". In:

5680: 5436: 5221: 5209: 5079: 4964: 4919: 4616: 3958: 3915:

The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Folktales and Fairy Tales

3650: 3638: 3626: 3443: 3405: 3162:, p. 334, summarized in Jourdanne, Gaston, (1900) 3142:, Édouard Zier (illustr.), A. Quantin, pp. 193–220 2400:

But staying long only with the third to learn his trade

1322:

According to the hypothesis, Barbier based his tale on

780: 235:" (or "Ivanko the Bear's son"). For comparison, in the 5275: 4853:. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. 1966. p. 506. 4035:

Delarue's version 26., Ms. Millien-Delarue, version J.

3742: 3709: 3527: 3515: 3376: 3335: 3197: 3173: 2781: 2594:, wherein the bird is the Tairē Semer (a variation on 2418:

As in the soldier's version, they ring a little bell (

1517:

There are cognate tales found in various parts of the

6539: 5796:

Cinderella in America: a book of folk and fairy tales

5492: 5099: 4333:. The University Press of Mississippi. 2007. p. 208. 4331:

Cinderella in America: a book of folk and fairy tales

3697: 3019: 3017: 3015: 3013: 2888: 2863:. The University Press of Mississippi. 2007. p. 130. 2860:

Cinderella in America: a book of folk and fairy tales

6497:, vol. 2, Stanford University, pp. 275–283 6310:(in French), vol. 1, Érasme, pp. 110–133, 5829:

Lithuanian Narrative Folklore: Didactical Guidelines

5287: 4748:

Arbor Mundi: Visual Formula and the Poetics of Genre

3860:

Lithuanian Narrative Folklore: Didactical Guidelines

3185: 1595:

Frank Goodwyn had also published in 1953 a complete

1537:

Variants of the story have been collected among the

1002: 530:

variants of tale type 650A, "Ivan, The Bear's Ear".

6776: 5831:. Kaunas: Vytautas Magnus University. 2013. p. 30. 5816:

100 Armenian Tales and Their Folkloristic Relevance

5618: 5421: 5419: 5401: 5399: 5381: 5379: 5377: 4851:

100 Armenian Tales and Their Folkloristic Relevance

4724:

14, no. 2 (1986): 48-51. doi:10.1353/aph.1986.0045.

4711:. Neue Folge. Leipzig: Dieterich 1909. pp. 294-295. 3862:. Kaunas: Vytautas Magnus University. 2013. p. 12. 3322:, vol. 1 (2 ed.), ABC-CLIO, p. 105, 3059:

The Complete Russian Folktale: Russian animal tales

2802: 745:for a general overview of the narrative, professor 7086:"Jean de l'ours (Version inédite de Michel Cosem)" 6199:". In: Claassens, G.H.M., en D.F. Johnson (red.). 6083:Beltrán, Rafael. (2017). "El romance en pliego de 5880:. The American folk-lore society. 1921. pp. 17-29. 4591:Personifikationen von Tag und Nacht im Volkmärchen 4320:. The American folk-lore society. 1921. pp. 27-28. 4149:Sixty Folk-Tales from Exclusively Slavonic Sources 3010: 1193:. (Likewise in the version close to it printed by 1027:province, in the French Pyrenees, Joan de l'Os in 741:After tabulating the variants he collected in the 72:system; it can also denote any tale of this type. 64:, is the leading character in the French folktale 6323: 6179:6, no. 2 (1956): 113-114. Accessed May 27, 2021. 3620: 3608: 3596: 3584: 3572: 3560: 2951:Beowulf: An Introduction to the Study of the Poem 2924: 2817: 2379: 2377: 1884:Scholarship recognizes the Spanish rhyming story 1234:The corresponding character is denoted Juan Artz 7102: 7047:Littérature orale: paroles vivantes et mouvantes 6880:(4), Presses Universitaires de France: 312–341, 6557:, Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & co., 1920 6463:Folklore de Catalunya: Rondallística (rondalles) 6427: 6046:26, no. 101 (1913): 234-247. doi:10.2307/534815. 6001:Bulletin de l'Institut français d'études andines 5416: 5396: 5374: 5358: 5356: 5040:"Récit, discours, texte: une conteuse en action" 4881:http://digital.casalini.it/10.19272/201704901005 4510:6, no. 2 (1956): 89-124. Accessed May 26, 2021. 2941: 2882: 6535:, Sevilla: La Revista mercantil, pp. 51–58 6247:(in French), vol. 1, Vieweg, pp. 1–27 4380:6, no. 2 (1956): 96-97. Accessed May 27, 2021. 2367:Fife translates "walking-stick", Delarue gives 2336:Translated "Twistoak" and "Cutmountain" in the 729:, 'forest'), strong enough to carry oak trees. 579:given in an actual Provençal text published by 7083: 6357:(in French), Poulet-Malassis, pp. 195–208 6194:The damsel of Montesclare in the Middle Dutch 6104:, no. 46 (2002): 117-23. doi:10.2307/1479920. 5969:. Vol. I. California: ABC-Clio. 2004. p. 417. 4941:68, no. 2 (1957): 373. Accessed June 5, 2021. 3226: 2555:"Batyr" is a Turkic-Mongolic word related to " 2374: 1645:The tale type is said to be found "in all the 6150:6, no. 2 (1956): 113. Accessed May 27, 2021. 6117:, no. 46 (2002): 117-23. doi:10.2307/1479920. 6072:Folk-lore of the Antilles, French And English 5645:), only the concluding portion, collected in 5570:. Valencia: Universitat de València. p. 585. 5353: 5170: 4502: 4500: 4498: 4413:. Paris: Édouard Champion. 1922. pp. 486-494. 3151: 3149: 3112: 3110: 3108: 1628: 1411: 625: 595:, from a manuscript collection of tales from 6622:Légendes et récits populaires du pays basque 6589:Légendes du Pays Basque d'après la tradition 6293: 6216:. American Folklore Society, 1978. pp. 8-11. 5591:Of Cabbages and Kings: Tales from Zinacantán 5345: 5309: 5176: 5147: 5037: 4693:Gesellschaft und Kultur im alten Vorderasien 4653:(in French), G.-P. Maisonneuve, pp. 53– 4577:The Retrospective Methods Network Newsletter 3997: 3497: 3309: 3307: 2224: 1802:The tale type is also said to be popular in 1287: 1278:(chapbook) form in the early modern period. 1259: 947:pointed that the motif can also be found in 635:), in variants from Eastern Europe and from 6926:"Recherches sur Jean de l'Ours (2e partie)" 6812:"El fortachón y sus companeros (Tipo 301B)" 5763:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28509-8_3 4997:Horizons Maghrébins - Le droit à la mémoire 4443:Chalatianz, Bagrat. "Kurdische Sagen". In: 4071: 4045: 3487:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28509-8_3 2568:According to Armenian author and historian 2391:, p. 323, note on version 9 (Cosquin). 1961:, born of a male bear, and a version where 1512: 1072:episodes are reenacted in these festivals. 732: 670:as "Mountain leveller" - both derived from 32:An artist's visualization with bear's ears. 6278:, Indiana University Press, pp. 3–9, 5498: 4495: 4399:https://doi.org/10.1515/fabl.1969.10.1.155 4307:Delarue's 21., Ms. Millien-Delarue ver. E. 3247:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3232: 3146: 3105: 2057:For tales about wild men and strong heroes 2015: 1761:Similarly, Chinese folklorist and scholar 1729: 753:Rescue of the princesses in the underworld 658:as ‘Overturn-oak’. Fellow British scholar 618:Other times, the cane is not iron, but an 6933:Folklore: Revue d'ethnographie méridonale 6913:Folklore: Revue d'ethnographie méridonale 6783:A folk tale journey through the Maritimes 6635: 6546:The Birds of Truth, and other Fairy Tales 6526: 6437:Lo Rondallayre: quentos populars catalans 6201:King Arthur in the medieval Low Countries 5988:Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions 5940:https://doi.org/10.1515/fabl.1970.11.1.54 5924:https://doi.org/10.1515/fabl.1971.12.1.65 5908:https://doi.org/10.1515/fabl.1970.11.1.54 5728:. University of California Press. p. 33. 5649:, 1963, from Francisco Melendez, age 78, 5477: 4777:Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions 4697:https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112320860-018 4644: 4545:https://doi.org/10.1515/fabl.1970.11.1.54 4491:https://doi.org/10.1515/fabl.1970.11.1.54 4475:https://doi.org/10.1515/fabl.1965.7.1.115 4458:Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions 4270: 3313: 3304: 3223:, p. 287: "Three Stolen Princesses". 3092: 2918: 1447:"Uproots-Pinetrees-and-Makes-Ropes") and 566: 6958: 6874:Nouvelle revue des traditions populaires 6664: 6615: 6598: 6501: 6485: 6269: 6091:7 (2017). pp. 9-42. 10.17561/blo.v7i0.1. 5587: 5552: 5532: 5520: 5430: 5410: 5390: 5362: 5335: 4258: 4076:(in Breton and French), pp. 132–179 3703: 3656: 3644: 3452: 3414: 3298: 3220: 2954:, The University Press, pp. 371–375 2947: 2906: 2790: 2624:and regarding the weight of the cane in 2621: 1695:The Mighty Man and the Fellow Travellers 1158: 763: 190: 25: 7090:Balades dans les Pyrénées avec le GR 10 7059:https://doi.org/10.4000/books.pul.11735 7028:Culturas Populares. Revista Electrónica 6867: 6831: 6749: 6720: 6700: 6586: 6378: 6362: 6303: 6252: 6238: 6214:Studies In East European Folk Narrative 6163: 5965:Marzolph, Ulrich; van Leewen, Richard. 5712: 5699: 5686: 5662: 5650: 5629: 5442: 5293: 5227: 5215: 5203: 5190: 5117: 5085: 5068: 5038:Fabre, Daniel; Lacroix, Jacque (1979), 4970: 4864:Journal de la Société des Américanistes 4622: 4241: 4126:Anuarul Muzeului Etnografic al Moldovei 4023: 3748: 3736: 3715: 3691: 3669: 3632: 3548: 3533: 3509: 3485:. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. pp. 68-73. 3426: 3420: 3399: 3382: 3254: 3208: 3179: 3159: 3133: 3121: 3080: 3040: 3028: 3000: 2996: 2983: 2845: 2760: 2725: 2459: 2388: 2315: 2139:Prâslea the Brave and the Golden Apples 1539:Mexican population of the United States 1505:folklore: the strong Esclafamuntanyes ( 1185:on his bearskin, and faces off with an 1154: 272:around his loins, has a lush mane like 7103: 6978: 6943: 6923: 6806: 6579:, vol. 2, Elkar, pp. 196–199 6453: 5674: 5457:, pp. 65–67 collects Caballero's 5454: 5323: 5305: 5281: 5242: 5142: 5130: 4665:Typologie des persischen Volksmärchens 4265:Littérature orale de la Haute-Bretagne 3429:"Some Comments on the Bear's Son Tale" 3233:Aarne, Antti; Stith, Thompson (1961), 2894: 2314:"Version des soldats, non localisée" ( 500: 337:It has been suggested that tale types 314:tales have disseminated widely to the 186: 6903: 6569: 6533:Cuentos y poesias populares andaluces 6396: 6369:(in French). Ernest Leroux. pp. 6348: 5866:https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315482538 5254: 5162: 5105: 5056: 5008: 4925: 4806:http://dais.sanu.ac.rs/123456789/4456 4612:https://doi.org/10.1515/FABL.2008.006 4152:. London: Elliot Stock. 1889. p. 132. 3984: 3967: 3521: 3353: 3347: 3341: 3266: 3260: 3191: 3155: 3052: 2750:The machete given by Mountain Jumper. 2085:The Son of a Horse (Chinese folktale) 2041:evokes the myth in her second novel, 1306: 1241: 1235: 1031:on the Spanish side, and examples in 153: 140: 134: 109: 101: 88: 43: 6511:Cuentos populares de Castilla y León 6491:"D. Juan el Oso (No. 133, 134, 135)" 6330:The Borzoi Book of French Folk Tales 4561:. Tbilisi: Merani, 2000. pp. 29, 30. 4529:http://www.jstor.org/stable/41002386 4397:10, no. Jahresband (1969): 189-192. 4223:Nº. 2, 2009,. pp. 155-156, 164-176. 4074:Le conteur breton, ou Contes bretons 2607:Collado who made the claim draws on 2171: 1879: 1525:collected 33 tales published in his 1469:Cuentos populares de Castilla y León 1467:Espinosa published more versions in 929:301, "The Three Stolen Princesses". 781:Further adventures in the underworld 438: 357: 6181:http://www.jstor.org/stable/4317575 6152:http://www.jstor.org/stable/4317575 5906:11, no. Jahresband (1970): 54-125. 5851:. London: D. Nutt. 1894. pp. 68-83. 5761:. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. p. 56. 5493:Caballero & Ingram (tr.) (1887) 5465:from Seville in his tale type list. 4943:http://www.jstor.org/stable/1258634 4512:http://www.jstor.org/stable/4317575 4489:11, no. Jahresband (1970): 56, 98. 4382:http://www.jstor.org/stable/4317575 3913:Bierhorst, John. "Bear's Son". In: 3166:Contribution au folk-lore de l'Aude 3136:"Jean-de-l'Ours: l'Hercule gaulois" 2803:Creighton, Taft & Caplan (1993) 2625: 1726:, after the hero helped its young. 1532: 622:trunk of an equally imposing size. 412:Descent and visit to the Underworld 13: 7003: 6070:Parsons, Elsie Worthington Clews. 6042:Mechling, W. H. "Maliseet Tales." 5950:Kevin Stuart, Xuewei Li, Shelear. 5922:12, no. Jahresband (1971): 65-76. 5827:Skabeikytė-Kazlauskienė, Gražina. 5018:Lengas: Revue de sociolinguistique 4752:Epic Formula: a Balkan Perspective 4161:Ralston, William Ralston Shedden. 3858:Skabeikytė-Kazlauskienė, Gražina. 3158:, pp. 198–208. Delarue's 66, 3003:, "Jan l'Oursét (Jean l'Ourset)", 2229:, i.e. "John with the iron stick". 1868:recorded three variants, one from 1249:One Basque version of the tale is 1068:A bolder claim has been made that 1015:Versions of the tale found in the 925:", in connection to the tale type 352: 14: 7152: 7077: 6465:, Álvar Verdaguer, pp. 3–8, 6439:, Álvar Verdaguer, pp. 11–17 6294:Delmart, J.; Vidal, Léon (1833), 5746:The Journal of American Folklore 5344:, p. 160 (gives Basque title as " 5258:Etymological Dictionary of Basque 4737:. Houghton Mifflin, 1943. p. 194. 4680:, 2 (3-4): 89-90. Retrieved from 4279:, G.-P. Maisonneuve, pp. 63– 3902:La vie et l'oeuvre de Ion Creangă 3785:. Greenwood Press. 2008. p. 124. 2948:Chambers, Raymond Wilson (1921), 2688: 2682: 2676: 2670: 2664: 2590:For example, in the Kurdish tale 1948: 1746:collected nine variants from the 1003:Fate of the unfaithful companions 495: 6950:. éditions de la revue Folklore. 6785:, Breton Books, pp. 81–88, 6752:The Journal of American Folklore 6703:The Journal of American Folklore 6667:The Journal of American Folklore 6441: 6385:L'Armagnac Noir, ou Bas-Armagnac 6206: 6186: 6169: 6140: 6120: 6107: 6094: 6077: 6064: 6049: 6044:The Journal of American Folklore 6036: 6015: 5993: 5990:9: 94. 10.1163/156921209X449170. 5980: 5959: 5944: 5928: 5912: 5896: 5891:The Journal of American Folklore 5883: 5870: 5854: 5841: 5821: 5808: 5788: 5767: 5751: 5738: 5718: 5692: 5632:, pp. 333–334, and note 19. 5581: 5558: 5526: 5461:from Andalucia and Fasternath's 5448: 5329: 5317: 5299: 5248: 5196: 5184: 5156: 5136: 5123: 5062: 5031: 5002: 4989: 4976: 4948: 4931: 4898: 4885: 4869: 4856: 4843: 4823: 4810: 4782: 4779:9: 91. 10.1163/156921209X449170. 4765: 4740: 4727: 4714: 4701: 4685: 4678:Motif Akademi Halkbilimi Dergisi 4670: 4657: 4637: 4628: 4600: 4583: 4564: 4549: 4533: 4517: 4479: 4463: 4460:9: 95. 10.1163/156921209X449170. 4450: 4437: 4424:Studien zum griechischen Märchen 4416: 4403: 4387: 4370: 4357: 4352:The Journal of American Folklore 4344: 4323: 4310: 4301: 4292: 4283: 4247: 4234: 4213: 4200: 4185: 4170: 4155: 4140: 4117: 4094: 4081: 4065: 4038: 4029: 3973: 3928: 3907: 3894: 3881:A Survey of Ukrainian Folk Tales 3762:Studien zum griechischen Märchen 3394:Hansen, Terrance Leslie (1957), 3043:, p. 88, citing Gubernatis. 3031:, pp. 331–332, and note 18. 3005:L'Armagnac Noir, ou Bas-Armagnac 2753: 2744: 2731: 2718: 2709: 2696: 2653: 2644: 2631: 2614: 2601: 2584: 2575: 2562: 2549: 2533: 2524: 2515: 2494: 2080:Fehérlófia (Hungarian folk tale) 6906:"Recherches sur Jean de l'Ours" 6832:Collado, Marian García (1993), 6618:"81. Le fils d'ours (l'Ourson)" 6402:"Recherches sur Jean de l'Ours" 6355:Les payens innocents: nouvelles 6255:"Contes populaires de Lorraine" 5967:The Arabian Nights Encyclopedia 5938:11, no. Jahresband (1970): 54. 5169:, p. 196, Basque and Spanish. " 4645:Seignolle, Claude, ed. (1946), 4555:Kʻurdovaniże, Tʻeimuraz et al. 4543:11, no. Jahresband (1970): 56. 4473:7, no. Jahresband (1965): 145. 4271:Seignolle, Claude, ed. (1946), 4106:. Vol. 2. Rader, 1986. p. 544. 4087:Aarne, Antti; Thompson, Stith. 4052:Revue des traditions populaires 4004:Revue des traditions populaires 3873: 3852: 3835: 3822: 3809: 3796: 3775: 3754: 3739:, p. 341 (footnote nr. 1). 3721: 3684: 3675: 3662: 3621:Delarue & Fife (tr.) (1956) 3609:Delarue & Fife (tr.) (1956) 3597:Delarue & Fife (tr.) (1956) 3585:Delarue & Fife (tr.) (1956) 3573:Delarue & Fife (tr.) (1956) 3561:Delarue & Fife (tr.) (1956) 3475: 3458: 3388: 3214: 3127: 3086: 3083:, p. 88, citing Schiefner. 3074: 3046: 3034: 2989: 2976: 2967: 2958: 2818:Delarue & Fife (tr.) (1956) 2484: 2475: 2465: 2452: 2443: 2434: 2425: 2412: 2403: 2394: 2361: 2352: 2343: 2330: 2321: 2308: 2298: 2289: 2280: 2267: 2258: 2241: 2232: 2217: 690:These characters also exist in 660:William Ralston Shedden-Ralston 551:saw two different types of the 224:) as well as the Russian tale " 7066:The True Lineage of “Juan Oso” 6387:(in Occitan), pp. 211–230 6381:"Jan l'Oursét (Jean l'Ourset)" 6276:One Hundred Favorite Folktales 5088:, p. 349, Delarue's 66, " 2851: 2839: 2823: 2204: 2191: 2178: 2160:Jihaguk daejeok toechi seolhwa 1783: 1054:bear festivals in the Pyrenees 992:Motif-Index of Folk-Literature 809:Further studies by professors 698:indicated two counterparts in 540:On the other hand, ethnologue 461:One Hundred Favorite Folktales 320:Six Go through the Whole World 199:—illustration by Édouard Zier. 142:[xwaˈnitoelˈoso;-niʎo] 1: 6988:(in French), Euskaltzaindia, 6952:(Contents of 1968 and 1969a) 6298:(in French), pp. 223–253 6296:La Caserne, moeurs militaires 6245:Contes populaires de Lorraine 5864:. New York: Routledge. 2000. 5596:Smithsonian Institution Press 5075:, Societat d'Estudis Occitans 4525:Arts et Traditions Populaires 4523:Delarue, Paul. (1954). . In: 4210:(дата обращения: 16.12.2021). 3940:Contes populaires de Lorraine 3832:(дата обращения: 24.04.2021). 3819:(дата обращения: 24.04.2021). 3806:(дата обращения: 24.04.2021). 3398:, pp. 24–25, 75–77, cited by 3118:Jean l’Ours et ses compagnons 2770: 2620:Already referred to above in 2521:Delarue's IIa and b elements. 1647:Indo-European language groups 1588:, in 1964, and a fragmentary 1341:("bear cub" or "bear's son"; 1299:Hachko et ses deux compagnons 557:The Girl Who Married the Bear 7070:Journal of Folklore Research 6571:Azkue, Resurrección María de 6057:Journal of American Folklore 5588:Laughlin, Robert M. (1977). 4895:. La Begude de Mazenc, 2010. 4651:Contes populaires de Guyenne 4277:Contes populaires de Guyenne 3936:La canne de cinq cents livre 2559:" and meaning "hero, brave". 2422:) as signal to be lifted up. 2385:femme enceinte avant capture 1993: 1896: 430:The return to the princesses 290: 155:[dʒoˈvannidelˈlorso] 68:classed as Type 301B in the 7: 7021:América: Cahiers du CRICCAL 6979:Zaïkak, Natalia M. (2014), 6495:Cuentos Populares Españoles 6429:Maspons y Labrós, Francisco 6307:Le Conte populaire français 5794:McCarthy, William Bernard. 4329:McCarthy, William Bernard. 4267:(in French), pp. 81–86 3433:Southern Folklore Quarterly 2930:Afanasief, A. N. (1860–63) 2857:McCarthy, William Bernard. 2650:Hachko means "little bear". 2530:"Jean with the Iron-Stick". 2134:Dawn, Midnight and Twilight 2109:Gorynya, Dubynya and Usynya 2051: 1912: 1809: 1669:. In the same vein, critic 1649:of Europe", as well in the 1603:("Donkey's son") of Spain. 1527:Cuentos Populares Españoles 1370:Cuentos Populares Españoles 1289:Hachko eta harén bi lagunak 1255:Resurrección María de Azkue 1010: 832:) back to the upper world. 16:Character in Jean de l'Ours 10: 7157: 7126:Mythological human hybrids 7116:French legendary creatures 6527:Caballero, Fernán (1859), 6343:―(France-Provence/Occitan) 6253:Cosquin, Emmanuel (1876), 6239:Cosquin, Emmanuel (1886), 6203:. Leuven, 2000. pp. 94-96. 6089:Boletín de Literatura Oral 5653:, p. 334 and note 20. 5429:from Villaluenga, Toledo, 5129:Listed under Type 301B by 4595:Zeitschrift für Volkskunde 4445:Zeitschrift für Volkskunde 4179:Istoria literaturii romîne 4000:"Yves et son bâton de fer" 3498:Delmart & Vidal (1833) 3354:Stitt, J. Michael (1992). 3237:, Helsinki, pp. 90–93 3134:Carnoy, É. Henri (1885b), 1629:International distribution 1090: 626:The companions of the hero 403:Inside the haunted castle 285:Le conte de Jean de l'ours 279:The artist's depiction by 18: 6636:Visentini, Isaia (1879), 6411:(in Occitan and French), 6349:Babou, Hippolyte (1862), 5775:Enzyklopädie des Märchens 5020:(56): 273, archived from 4720:"Old Fire Dragaman". In: 3267:Uther, Hans-Jörg (2004), 3235:The Types of the Folktale 3093:Schiefner, Anton (1873), 2932:Naronuiya Russkiya Skazki 2094:, Hungarian animated film 2064:The Adventures of Massang 1845:populations, such as the 1676:Enzyklopädie des Märchens 1640: 1621:In Mexican versions, the 1519:Spanish-speaking Americas 1412:§Versions in the Americas 1229: 1167:—illustration by É. Zier. 938:The Son of the Gray Horse 790:"). French comparativist 6959:Thompson, Stith (1977), 6616:Cerquand, J. F. (1882), 6599:Cerquand, J. F. (1878), 6270:Thompson, Stith (1968), 6085:Las princesas encantadas 5847:Wardrop, Marjory Scott. 5814:Hoogasian-Villa, Susie. 5724:Thompson, Stith (1977). 5604:10.5479/si.00810223.23.1 5564:Beltrán, Rafael (2007). 5507:, a literary version by 5072:la Légenda d'Esclarmonda 5069:Bernard, Valère (1936), 5009:Gardy, Philippe (2005), 4955:Le Roy Ladurie, Emmanuel 4849:Hoogasian-Villa, Susie. 4707:Róna-Sklarek, Elisabet. 4647:"Jean de l'ours (No. 6)" 4273:"Jean de l'ours (No. 7)" 3427:Claudel, Calvin (1952), 1976: 1932: 1886:Las Princesas Encantadas 1513:Versions in the Americas 1360: 1272:, a tale widely read in 1204:, with illustrations by 1145:la Légenda d'Esclarmonda 1139:The 19th century writer 733:The perils of the castle 666:as "Tree-extractor" and 209:on his entire body. One 136:[ˈxwan(d)elˈoso] 7121:Legendary French people 7084:Claude Azemard (2001). 6944:Fabre, Daniel (1969b). 6924:Fabre, Daniel (1969a), 6838:Merveilles & Contes 6601:"L'ourson (Hartch ume)" 6582:(in Basque and Spanish) 6576:Euskalerriaren yakintza 5876:Fansler, Dean Spouill. 4709:Ungarische Volksmärchen 4316:Fansler, Dean Spouill. 4259:Sébillot, Paul (1881), 3996:Delarue's version 42., 3690:Delarue's theme VII c, 3055:"Ivanko the Bear's son" 3053:Haney, Jack V. (1999), 2883:Maspons y Labrós (1871) 2609:Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie 2149:The Story of Bensurdatu 2016:John Bear in literature 1730:Eastern Europe and Asia 1565:, Chiapas—Chamula, and 683:, 'tree' or 'oak', and 654:as ‘Overturn-hill’ and 391:His cane and companions 7030:2 (mayo-agosto 2006). 6904:Fabre, Daniel (1968), 6868:Delarue, Paul (1949), 6379:Duffard, Paul (1902), 6324:Delarue, Paul (1956), 6304:Delarue, Paul (1957), 5878:Filipino Popular Tales 5641:"John of the Donkey" ( 5346: 5310: 5202:Theme IIb or b and b, 5177: 5171: 5148: 4771:Annus, Amar. (2009). " 4733:Chase, Richard (ed.). 4422:Merakles, Michales G. 4318:Filipino Popular Tales 4048:"Jean au bâton de fer" 4044:Delarue's version 40. 3983:, April 1941. This is 3760:Merakles, Michales G. 3140:Les légendes de France 2226:Jean à la barre en fer 2225: 2144:The Gnome (fairy tale) 1592:(John of the Donkey). 1494:("Donkey's son") from 1460:("Flattens-Hills-with- 1346: 1324:Jean-François Cerquand 1316: 1298: 1288: 1260: 1240:, Hachko, or Xan Artz 1170: 1048:noted in his study of 777: 774:Les Légendes de France 641:Waligora and Wydrzudab 567:The weapon of the hero 202: 111:[dʒoˈandəˈlɔs] 90:[ˈdʒandeˈluɾs] 33: 6529:"La oreja de Lucifer" 6115:La Ricerca Folklorica 6102:La Ricerca Folklorica 5308:, pp. 142–143: " 5255:Trask, R. L. (2008), 5046:, XX–XXII: 70 (47–80) 4959:Le Carnaval de Romans 4746:Radulović, Nemanja. " 4046:Luzel, F. M. (1906), 3979:Delarue's 65, citing 3472:, p. 280 and note 17. 2277:or "puller" of trees. 2273:In the Mexican tale, 2103:Waligóra and Wyrwidąb 2091:Son of the White Mare 1969:, was sired by human 1366:Aurelio Espinosa, Sr. 1281:In the tale given by 1206:Édouard François Zier 1162: 1075:In some legends, the 770:Édouard François Zier 767: 194: 103:[ʒuˈandəˈlɔs] 41:French pronunciation: 29: 6503:Espinosa, Aurelio M. 6487:Espinosa, Aurelio M. 6196:Lancelot Compilation 5647:La Union, New Mexico 5389:from Blacos, Soria, 5371:, pp. 11–14; 148–149 4796:no. 29 (1998): 295. 4722:Appalachian Heritage 4289:Delarue's element Ve 3672:, pp. 320, 323. 3095:"C'il'in (Bärenohr)" 2622:#Physical appearance 2223:French translation: 2002:Pertev Naili Boratav 1713:"hare-catcher" with 1541:, and in Mexico (in 1481:Peñafiel, Valladolid 1155:Other Provence tales 1056:region, held during 609:Jean a la Bar de Fer 601:Jean au bâton de fer 421:The hero's climb out 382:Birth and childhood 7064:McDowell, John H. " 7012:Textes et contextes 6659:―(Mexican versions) 6554:Spanish Fairy Tales 6166:, pp. 337–338. 5849:Georgian folk tales 5665:, pp. 143–154. 5555:, pp. 108–110. 5523:, pp. 100–108. 5505:La oreja de Lucifer 5463:La oreja del diablo 5459:La oreja de Lucifer 5120:, pp. 212–213. 5059:, pp. 269–270. 4877:Historia Religionum 4788:Detelic, Mirjana. " 4597:26 (1916): 318-322. 4447:17 (1907): 411-413. 4409:Cosquin, Emmanuel. 4100:Eimermacher, Karl. 4026:, pp. 339–340. 3694:, pp. 320, 323 3551:, pp. 315–317. 3512:, pp. 110–133. 3500:, pp. 223–253. 3402:, p. 335 and note 6 2921:, pp. 157–161. 2909:, pp. 275–283. 2251:(1961) and Uther's 2186:Jean-Claude Pertuzé 2098:Valentine and Orson 2043:Lucie au Long Cours 2000:Turkish folklorist 1866:Elsie Clews Parsons 1857:and the Chilcotin ( 1776:One variant from a 1616:La oreja de Lucifer 1398:Villaluenga, Toledo 1308:[bas̺ajaun] 1269:Valentine and Orson 1246:in Basque country. 1237:[xwanarts̻] 1077:Pic du Midi d'Ossau 738:informant or both. 501:Origins of the hero 281:Jean-Claude Pertuzé 187:Physical appearance 45:[ʒɑ̃dəluʁs] 7131:Mythological bears 6808:Amores, Montserrat 6801:―secondary sources 6779:"John of the Bear" 6642:Lo Fiabe mantovane 6591:(in French), Elkar 6192:Besamusca, Bart. " 6029:2015-09-23 at the 5433:, pp. 280–283 5413:, pp. 278–280 4891:Sergent, Bernard. 4663:Marzolph, Ulrich. 4257:)" in version 46. 4194:Revista Occidental 3781:Eason, Cassandra. 3360:Garland Publishing 3301:, pp. 33, 85. 2570:Marietta Shaginyan 2462:, p. 320–323. 1957:and her twin sons 1651:Finno-Ugric family 1243:[ʃanarts̻] 1223:exposed her infant 1171: 981:In the same vein, 778: 613:Iann he vaz houarn 226:Ivanko Medv(i)edko 203: 160:Iann he vaz houarn 147:Giovanni dell'Orso 34: 6995:978-84-943211-3-9 6771:―(English Canada) 6541:Caballero, Fernán 6459:"En Joan de l'Os" 6446:The full text of 6229:―texts (France - 5837:978-9955-21-361-1 5804:978-1-57806-959-0 5783:978-3-11-016841-9 5677:, pp. 65–67. 5624:"John the Bear" ( 5576:978-84-370-6850-3 5495:, pp. 88–98. 5480:, pp. 51–58. 5393:, p. 275–278 5245:, pp. 18–19. 4928:, pp. 10–11. 4914:978-2-87457-039-1 4839:978-3-86835-128-6 4760:978-86-7179-091-8 4589:Polívka, Georg. " 4339:978-1-57806-959-0 4146:Wratislaw, A. H. 3970:, pp. 91–98. 3923:978-0-313-33442-9 3868:978-9955-21-361-1 3791:978-02-75994-25-9 3611:, pp. 60–63. 3599:, pp. 55–60. 3587:, pp. 50–55. 3575:, pp. 49–50. 3563:, pp. 45–49. 3524:, pp. 28–36. 3464:Thompson (1977), 3369:978-0-8240-7440-1 3344:, pp. 28–29. 3273:FF Communications 3124:, pp. 23–38. 2885:, pp. 11–17. 2869:978-1-57806-959-0 2820:, pp. 45–65. 2805:, pp. 81–88. 2172:Explanatory notes 2066:(Kalmyk folktale) 1965:, grandfather to 1959:Agrius and Oreius 1880:Literary variants 1384:and another from 1129:was published by 958:, large parts of 692:Romance languages 593:Jean Bâton de Fer 439:Cosquin's version 358:Soldiers' version 182: 165: 108: 7148: 7097: 7092:. Archived from 6998: 6987: 6975: 6955: 6951: 6940: 6930: 6920: 6910: 6900: 6890: 6864: 6854: 6828: 6795: 6759: 6746: 6723:Western Folklore 6710: 6690: 6673:(254): 409–413. 6654: 6625: 6612: 6595: 6592: 6583: 6580: 6550: 6536: 6523: 6498: 6475: 6445: 6440: 6416: 6406: 6392: 6388: 6374: 6358: 6351:"Jean-de-l'ours" 6336: 6333: 6320: 6299: 6288: 6266: 6248: 6241:"Jean de l'Ours" 6217: 6210: 6204: 6190: 6184: 6177:Midwest Folklore 6173: 6167: 6161: 6155: 6148:Midwest Folklore 6144: 6138: 6124: 6118: 6111: 6105: 6098: 6092: 6081: 6075: 6068: 6062: 6053: 6047: 6040: 6034: 6019: 6013: 5997: 5991: 5984: 5978: 5963: 5957: 5948: 5942: 5932: 5926: 5916: 5910: 5900: 5894: 5887: 5881: 5874: 5868: 5858: 5852: 5845: 5839: 5825: 5819: 5812: 5806: 5792: 5786: 5771: 5765: 5755: 5749: 5742: 5736: 5722: 5716: 5709: 5703: 5696: 5690: 5684: 5678: 5672: 5666: 5660: 5654: 5643:Juan de la burra 5639: 5633: 5622: 5616: 5615: 5585: 5579: 5562: 5556: 5550: 5541: 5540: 5530: 5524: 5518: 5512: 5509:Fernán Caballero 5502: 5496: 5490: 5481: 5478:Caballero (1859) 5475: 5466: 5452: 5446: 5440: 5434: 5423: 5414: 5403: 5394: 5383: 5372: 5360: 5351: 5349: 5333: 5327: 5321: 5315: 5313: 5303: 5297: 5291: 5285: 5279: 5273: 5272: 5271: 5270: 5252: 5246: 5240: 5231: 5225: 5219: 5213: 5207: 5200: 5194: 5188: 5182: 5180: 5174: 5160: 5154: 5151: 5140: 5134: 5133:, pp. 65–67 5127: 5121: 5115: 5109: 5103: 5097: 5083: 5077: 5076: 5066: 5060: 5054: 5048: 5047: 5035: 5029: 5028: 5026: 5015: 5006: 5000: 4993: 4987: 4980: 4974: 4968: 4962: 4952: 4946: 4935: 4929: 4923: 4917: 4902: 4896: 4889: 4883: 4873: 4867: 4860: 4854: 4847: 4841: 4827: 4821: 4814: 4808: 4786: 4780: 4769: 4763: 4744: 4738: 4731: 4725: 4718: 4712: 4705: 4699: 4689: 4683: 4674: 4668: 4661: 4655: 4654: 4641: 4635: 4632: 4626: 4620: 4614: 4604: 4598: 4587: 4581: 4570:Berezki, Y. E. " 4568: 4562: 4553: 4547: 4537: 4531: 4521: 4515: 4508:Midwest Folklore 4504: 4493: 4483: 4477: 4467: 4461: 4454: 4448: 4441: 4435: 4420: 4414: 4407: 4401: 4391: 4385: 4378:Midwest Folklore 4374: 4368: 4365:Армянские сказки 4361: 4355: 4348: 4342: 4327: 4321: 4314: 4308: 4305: 4299: 4296: 4290: 4287: 4281: 4280: 4268: 4261:"Jean de l'ours" 4251: 4245: 4238: 4232: 4217: 4211: 4204: 4198: 4189: 4183: 4174: 4168: 4159: 4153: 4144: 4138: 4129:16/2016. p. 26. 4121: 4115: 4098: 4092: 4085: 4079: 4077: 4069: 4063: 4062: 4059: 4042: 4036: 4033: 4027: 4021: 4015: 4014: 4011: 3994: 3988: 3977: 3971: 3965: 3956: 3954: 3932: 3926: 3911: 3905: 3900:Boutière, Jean. 3898: 3892: 3877: 3871: 3856: 3850: 3839: 3833: 3826: 3820: 3813: 3807: 3800: 3794: 3779: 3773: 3758: 3752: 3746: 3740: 3734: 3728: 3725: 3719: 3713: 3707: 3701: 3695: 3688: 3682: 3679: 3673: 3666: 3660: 3654: 3648: 3642: 3636: 3635:, pp. 1–27. 3630: 3624: 3618: 3612: 3606: 3600: 3594: 3588: 3582: 3576: 3570: 3564: 3558: 3552: 3546: 3537: 3531: 3525: 3519: 3513: 3507: 3501: 3495: 3489: 3479: 3473: 3470: 3462: 3456: 3450: 3441: 3440: 3424: 3418: 3412: 3403: 3392: 3386: 3380: 3374: 3373: 3351: 3345: 3339: 3333: 3332: 3311: 3302: 3296: 3290: 3289: 3264: 3258: 3252: 3246: 3238: 3230: 3224: 3218: 3212: 3206: 3195: 3189: 3183: 3177: 3171: 3168: 3153: 3144: 3143: 3131: 3125: 3114: 3103: 3102: 3090: 3084: 3078: 3072: 3071: 3050: 3044: 3038: 3032: 3021: 3008: 2993: 2987: 2980: 2974: 2971: 2965: 2962: 2956: 2955: 2945: 2939: 2928: 2922: 2919:Visentini (1879) 2916: 2910: 2904: 2898: 2892: 2886: 2880: 2871: 2855: 2849: 2843: 2837: 2830:Uther, Hans-Jörg 2827: 2821: 2815: 2806: 2800: 2794: 2788: 2764: 2757: 2751: 2748: 2742: 2735: 2729: 2722: 2716: 2713: 2707: 2700: 2694: 2692: 2686: 2680: 2674: 2668: 2662: 2657: 2651: 2648: 2642: 2635: 2629: 2618: 2612: 2605: 2599: 2588: 2582: 2579: 2573: 2566: 2560: 2553: 2547: 2537: 2531: 2528: 2522: 2519: 2513: 2510: 2498: 2492: 2488: 2482: 2479: 2473: 2469: 2463: 2456: 2450: 2447: 2441: 2438: 2432: 2429: 2423: 2416: 2410: 2407: 2401: 2398: 2392: 2381: 2372: 2365: 2359: 2356: 2350: 2347: 2341: 2334: 2328: 2325: 2319: 2312: 2306: 2302: 2296: 2293: 2287: 2284: 2278: 2271: 2265: 2262: 2256: 2245: 2239: 2236: 2230: 2228: 2221: 2215: 2208: 2202: 2197:Note that final 2195: 2189: 2182: 2117: 1973:and a she-bear. 1798: 1771: 1756:Indian languages 1612:Fernán Caballero 1608:Juan de la burra 1597:Juan de la burra 1590:Juan de la burra 1533:Mexican versions 1490:variant, called 1382:Castile and León 1332: 1317:Seigneur Sauvage 1310: 1291: 1263: 1245: 1239: 1220: 1203: 1168: 1120: 1047: 845: 819: 792:Emmanuel Cosquin 696:George Calinescu 646:English scholar 637:Slavic languages 550: 449:Emmanuel Cosquin 376: 331:Bertram Colgrave 263: 252: 234: 200: 180: 178: 169:Ivashko Medvedko 163: 157: 152: 144: 138: 133: 113: 106: 105: 100: 92: 87: 58:John-of-the-Bear 54:John of the Bear 47: 42: 7156: 7155: 7151: 7150: 7149: 7147: 7146: 7145: 7136:Roc (mythology) 7111:French folklore 7101: 7100: 7080: 7075: 7006: 7004:Further reading 7001: 6996: 6985: 6973: 6953: 6928: 6919:(131–132): 2–41 6908: 6898: 6888: 6862: 6852: 6826: 6793: 6758:(260): 143–154. 6735:10.2307/1498482 6709:(310): 330–336. 6652: 6593: 6581: 6521: 6473: 6417:(Delarue's 65.) 6404: 6393:(Delarue's 67.) 6390: 6375:(Delarue's 71.) 6366:Contes français 6334: 6318: 6286: 6272:"John the Bear" 6220: 6211: 6207: 6191: 6187: 6174: 6170: 6162: 6158: 6145: 6141: 6125: 6121: 6112: 6108: 6099: 6095: 6082: 6078: 6069: 6065: 6054: 6050: 6041: 6037: 6031:Wayback Machine 6020: 6016: 5998: 5994: 5985: 5981: 5964: 5960: 5949: 5945: 5933: 5929: 5917: 5913: 5901: 5897: 5888: 5884: 5875: 5871: 5860:Haney, Jack V. 5859: 5855: 5846: 5842: 5826: 5822: 5813: 5809: 5793: 5789: 5772: 5768: 5756: 5752: 5743: 5739: 5723: 5719: 5710: 5706: 5697: 5693: 5685: 5681: 5673: 5669: 5661: 5657: 5640: 5636: 5623: 5619: 5598:. p. 404. 5586: 5582: 5563: 5559: 5553:Espinosa (1987) 5551: 5544: 5536: 5533:Espinosa (1987) 5531: 5527: 5521:Espinosa (1987) 5519: 5515: 5503: 5499: 5491: 5484: 5476: 5469: 5453: 5449: 5441: 5437: 5431:Espinosa (1924) 5427:Juanillo el Oso 5424: 5417: 5411:Espinosa (1924) 5404: 5397: 5391:Espinosa (1924) 5384: 5375: 5363:Cerquand (1882) 5361: 5354: 5336:Cerquand (1878) 5334: 5330: 5322: 5318: 5304: 5300: 5292: 5288: 5280: 5276: 5268: 5266: 5253: 5249: 5241: 5234: 5226: 5222: 5214: 5210: 5201: 5197: 5189: 5185: 5161: 5157: 5141: 5137: 5128: 5124: 5116: 5112: 5104: 5100: 5084: 5080: 5067: 5063: 5055: 5051: 5036: 5032: 5024: 5013: 5007: 5003: 4994: 4990: 4981: 4977: 4973:, pp. 348. 4969: 4965: 4953: 4949: 4936: 4932: 4924: 4920: 4903: 4899: 4890: 4886: 4874: 4870: 4861: 4857: 4848: 4844: 4828: 4824: 4815: 4811: 4787: 4783: 4770: 4766: 4745: 4741: 4732: 4728: 4719: 4715: 4706: 4702: 4690: 4686: 4675: 4671: 4662: 4658: 4643:Delarue's 58., 4642: 4638: 4633: 4629: 4621: 4617: 4605: 4601: 4588: 4584: 4569: 4565: 4554: 4550: 4538: 4534: 4522: 4518: 4505: 4496: 4484: 4480: 4468: 4464: 4455: 4451: 4442: 4438: 4421: 4417: 4408: 4404: 4392: 4388: 4375: 4371: 4362: 4358: 4349: 4345: 4328: 4324: 4315: 4311: 4306: 4302: 4297: 4293: 4288: 4284: 4252: 4248: 4239: 4235: 4218: 4214: 4205: 4201: 4190: 4186: 4175: 4171: 4160: 4156: 4145: 4141: 4122: 4118: 4099: 4095: 4086: 4082: 4070: 4066: 4060: 4043: 4039: 4034: 4030: 4022: 4018: 4012: 3998:Le Dot (1906), 3995: 3991: 3987:'s edited text. 3978: 3974: 3966: 3959: 3946: 3933: 3929: 3912: 3908: 3899: 3895: 3879:Lintur, Petro. 3878: 3874: 3857: 3853: 3840: 3836: 3827: 3823: 3814: 3810: 3801: 3797: 3780: 3776: 3759: 3755: 3747: 3743: 3735: 3731: 3726: 3722: 3714: 3710: 3704:Thompson (1968) 3702: 3698: 3689: 3685: 3680: 3676: 3667: 3663: 3659:, pp. 5–6. 3657:Thompson (1968) 3655: 3651: 3647:, pp. 4–5. 3645:Thompson (1968) 3643: 3639: 3631: 3627: 3623:, pp. 63-. 3619: 3615: 3607: 3603: 3595: 3591: 3583: 3579: 3571: 3567: 3559: 3555: 3547: 3540: 3532: 3528: 3520: 3516: 3508: 3504: 3496: 3492: 3480: 3476: 3466: 3463: 3459: 3453:Colgrave (1951) 3451: 3444: 3425: 3421: 3415:Espinosa (1987) 3413: 3406: 3393: 3389: 3381: 3377: 3370: 3352: 3348: 3340: 3336: 3330: 3312: 3305: 3299:Thompson (1977) 3297: 3293: 3287: 3265: 3261: 3240: 3239: 3231: 3227: 3221:Thompson (1977) 3219: 3215: 3207: 3198: 3190: 3186: 3178: 3174: 3164: 3154: 3147: 3132: 3128: 3115: 3106: 3099:Awarische Texte 3091: 3087: 3079: 3075: 3069: 3051: 3047: 3039: 3035: 3022: 3011: 3007:, pp. 211– 230. 2999:, p. 334, 2994: 2990: 2981: 2977: 2972: 2968: 2963: 2959: 2946: 2942: 2929: 2925: 2917: 2913: 2907:Espinosa (1924) 2905: 2901: 2897:, pp. 3–8. 2893: 2889: 2881: 2874: 2856: 2852: 2844: 2840: 2828: 2824: 2816: 2809: 2801: 2797: 2793:, pp. 3–9. 2791:Thompson (1968) 2789: 2782: 2773: 2768: 2767: 2758: 2754: 2749: 2745: 2736: 2732: 2723: 2719: 2714: 2710: 2701: 2697: 2658: 2654: 2649: 2645: 2636: 2632: 2626:#Other versions 2619: 2615: 2606: 2602: 2589: 2585: 2580: 2576: 2567: 2563: 2554: 2550: 2538: 2534: 2529: 2525: 2520: 2516: 2504: 2499: 2495: 2489: 2485: 2480: 2476: 2470: 2466: 2457: 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H. Wratislaw 628: 605:Breton language 569: 561:The Bear Mother 544: 503: 498: 447:was printed by 443:A version from 441: 370: 360: 355: 353:French versions 297:Bear's Son Tale 293: 266:Hippolyte Babou 257: 246: 228: 201: 198: 196: 189: 172: 150: 131: 128:Juanillo el Oso 98: 85: 40: 31: 30:Jean de l'Ours. 24: 21:Bear's Son Tale 17: 12: 11: 5: 7154: 7144: 7143: 7138: 7133: 7128: 7123: 7118: 7113: 7099: 7098: 7096:on 2007-10-12. 7079: 7078:External links 7076: 7074: 7073: 7062: 7043: 7024: 7017: 7007: 7005: 7002: 7000: 6999: 6994: 6976: 6971: 6956: 6941: 6921: 6901: 6886: 6865: 6850: 6844:(2): 341–382, 6829: 6824: 6803: 6802: 6798: 6797: 6791: 6773: 6772: 6768: 6767: 6747: 6718: 6698: 6679:10.2307/537011 6661: 6660: 6656: 6655: 6650: 6638:"Joan de l'Os" 6632: 6631: 6627: 6626: 6613: 6596: 6584: 6566: 6565: 6561: 6560: 6559: 6558: 6551:; republished 6524: 6519: 6505:, ed. (1987), 6499: 6489:, ed. (1924), 6482: 6481: 6477: 6476: 6471: 6451: 6433:"Joan de l'Os" 6424: 6423: 6419: 6418: 6394: 6376: 6360: 6359:(Delarue's 66) 6345: 6344: 6340: 6339: 6338: 6337: 6321: 6316: 6300:(Delarue's 1) 6291: 6290: 6289: 6284: 6267: 6249:(Delarue's 9) 6235: 6234: 6226: 6225: 6224: 6219: 6218: 6205: 6185: 6168: 6164:Delarue (1949) 6156: 6139: 6119: 6106: 6093: 6076: 6063: 6048: 6035: 6014: 5992: 5979: 5958: 5943: 5927: 5911: 5895: 5882: 5869: 5853: 5840: 5820: 5807: 5787: 5766: 5750: 5737: 5717: 5715:, pp. 3–6 5713:Barakat (1967) 5704: 5700:Barakat (1965) 5691: 5689:, p. 145. 5687:Goodwyn (1953) 5679: 5667: 5663:Goodwyn (1953) 5655: 5651:Barakat (1965) 5634: 5630:Barakat (1965) 5617: 5580: 5557: 5542: 5525: 5513: 5497: 5482: 5467: 5447: 5445:, p. 154. 5443:Goodwyn (1953) 5435: 5415: 5407:Juanito el Oso 5395: 5387:Juanito el Oso 5373: 5352: 5328: 5316: 5298: 5294:Barbier (1931) 5286: 5284:, p. 165. 5274: 5247: 5232: 5230:, p. 368. 5228:Collado (1993) 5220: 5218:, p. 337. 5216:Delarue (1949) 5208: 5204:Delarue (1949) 5195: 5191:Collado (1993) 5183: 5155: 5135: 5122: 5118:Carnoy (1885b) 5110: 5108:, p. 202. 5098: 5086:Delarue (1949) 5078: 5061: 5049: 5030: 5001: 4988: 4975: 4971:Collado (1993) 4963: 4947: 4930: 4918: 4897: 4884: 4868: 4855: 4842: 4822: 4809: 4781: 4764: 4739: 4735:The Jack Tales 4726: 4713: 4700: 4684: 4669: 4656: 4636: 4627: 4625:, p. 320. 4623:Delarue (1949) 4615: 4599: 4582: 4563: 4548: 4532: 4516: 4494: 4478: 4462: 4449: 4436: 4415: 4402: 4386: 4369: 4356: 4343: 4322: 4309: 4300: 4291: 4282: 4246: 4242:Delarue (1949) 4233: 4212: 4199: 4184: 4169: 4154: 4139: 4116: 4093: 4080: 4078:(Delarue's 38) 4064: 4037: 4028: 4024:Delarue (1949) 4016: 3989: 3972: 3957: 3927: 3906: 3893: 3872: 3851: 3834: 3821: 3808: 3795: 3774: 3753: 3751:, p. 323. 3749:Delarue (1949) 3741: 3737:Delarue (1949) 3729: 3720: 3718:, p. 318. 3716:Delarue (1949) 3708: 3696: 3692:Delarue (1949) 3683: 3674: 3670:Delarue (1949) 3661: 3649: 3637: 3633:Cosquin (1886) 3625: 3613: 3601: 3589: 3577: 3565: 3553: 3549:Delarue (1949) 3538: 3536:, p. 332. 3534:Delarue (1949) 3526: 3514: 3510:Delarue (1957) 3502: 3490: 3474: 3457: 3455:, p. 411. 3442: 3419: 3417:, p. 467. 3404: 3400:Barakat (1965) 3387: 3385:, p. 343. 3383:Collado (1993) 3375: 3368: 3346: 3334: 3328: 3303: 3291: 3285: 3259: 3255:Barakat (1965) 3225: 3213: 3211:, p. 330. 3209:Barakat (1965) 3196: 3194:, p. 199. 3184: 3182:, p. 195. 3180:Carnoy (1885b) 3172: 3160:Delarue (1949) 3145: 3126: 3122:Carnoy (1885a) 3104: 3085: 3081:Cosquin (1876) 3073: 3067: 3045: 3041:Cosquin (1876) 3033: 3029:Barakat (1965) 3009: 3001:Duffard (1902) 2997:Delarue (1949) 2995:Delarue's 67, 2988: 2984:Delarue (1949) 2975: 2966: 2957: 2940: 2923: 2911: 2899: 2887: 2872: 2850: 2846:Delarue (1949) 2838: 2822: 2807: 2795: 2779: 2778: 2777: 2772: 2769: 2766: 2765: 2761:Barakat (1967) 2752: 2743: 2730: 2728:, p. 335. 2726:Barakat (1965) 2717: 2708: 2695: 2652: 2643: 2630: 2613: 2600: 2583: 2574: 2561: 2548: 2532: 2523: 2514: 2493: 2483: 2474: 2464: 2460:Delarue (1949) 2451: 2442: 2433: 2424: 2411: 2402: 2393: 2389:Delarue (1949) 2373: 2360: 2351: 2342: 2329: 2320: 2316:Delarue (1949) 2307: 2297: 2288: 2279: 2266: 2257: 2240: 2231: 2216: 2203: 2201:is pronounced. 2190: 2176: 2175: 2173: 2170: 2169: 2168: 2163: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2141: 2136: 2124: 2123: 2118: 2106: 2100: 2095: 2087: 2082: 2077: 2072: 2067: 2053: 2050: 2017: 2014: 1997: 1992: 1978: 1975: 1950: 1949:Ancient Greece 1947: 1934: 1931: 1914: 1911: 1898: 1895: 1881: 1878: 1811: 1808: 1785: 1782: 1731: 1728: 1671:Walter Puchner 1663:Sami languages 1642: 1639: 1635:Stith Thompson 1630: 1627: 1586:El Paso, Texas 1534: 1531: 1514: 1511: 1492:El Hijo Burra 1419:Juanito el Oso 1374:Juanito el Oso 1362: 1359: 1339:Le fils d'ours 1231: 1228: 1165: 1156: 1153: 1141:Valère Bernard 1092: 1089: 1070:Jean de l'ours 1050:Jean de l'ours 1012: 1009: 1004: 1001: 987:Stith Thompson 901:Paskunji or a 885:, the Turkish 870: 867: 835:Comparativist 782: 779: 754: 751: 734: 731: 717:In tales from 677:, 'to twirl'; 627: 624: 568: 565: 542:John Bierhorst 502: 499: 497: 496:Other versions 494: 457:Stith Thompson 440: 437: 432: 431: 423: 422: 414: 413: 405: 404: 393: 392: 384: 383: 359: 356: 354: 351: 343:Jean de l'Ours 292: 289: 197: 188: 185: 124:Juanito el Oso 70:Aarne–Thompson 66:Jean de l'Ours 37:Jean de l'Ours 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7153: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7119: 7117: 7114: 7112: 7109: 7108: 7106: 7095: 7091: 7087: 7082: 7081: 7071: 7067: 7063: 7060: 7056: 7055:2-7297-0725-5 7052: 7048: 7044: 7041: 7037: 7033: 7029: 7025: 7022: 7018: 7016: 7013: 7009: 7008: 6997: 6991: 6984: 6983: 6977: 6974: 6972:9780520033597 6968: 6964: 6963: 6957: 6949: 6948: 6942: 6938: 6935:(in French), 6934: 6927: 6922: 6918: 6915:(in French), 6914: 6907: 6902: 6897: 6893: 6889: 6887:9782706806346 6883: 6879: 6875: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6857: 6853: 6851:9781895415285 6847: 6843: 6839: 6835: 6830: 6827: 6825:9788400076788 6821: 6817: 6813: 6809: 6805: 6804: 6800: 6799: 6794: 6792:9781895415285 6788: 6784: 6780: 6775: 6774: 6770: 6769: 6766: 6762: 6757: 6753: 6748: 6744: 6740: 6736: 6732: 6728: 6724: 6719: 6717: 6713: 6708: 6704: 6699: 6697: 6693: 6688: 6684: 6680: 6676: 6672: 6668: 6663: 6662: 6658: 6657: 6653: 6651:9781895415285 6647: 6643: 6639: 6634: 6633: 6629: 6628: 6623: 6619: 6614: 6610: 6607:(in French), 6606: 6602: 6597: 6590: 6585: 6578: 6577: 6572: 6568: 6567: 6563: 6562: 6556: 6555: 6548: 6547: 6542: 6538: 6537: 6534: 6530: 6525: 6522: 6520:9788400064396 6516: 6512: 6508: 6504: 6500: 6496: 6492: 6488: 6484: 6483: 6479: 6478: 6474: 6472:9788429805826 6468: 6464: 6460: 6456: 6452: 6450:at Wikisource 6449: 6444: 6438: 6434: 6430: 6426: 6425: 6421: 6420: 6414: 6410: 6403: 6399: 6395: 6386: 6382: 6377: 6372: 6368: 6367: 6361: 6356: 6352: 6347: 6346: 6342: 6341: 6331: 6327: 6322: 6319: 6317:9782706806346 6313: 6309: 6308: 6302: 6301: 6297: 6292: 6287: 6281: 6277: 6273: 6268: 6264: 6260: 6256: 6251: 6250: 6246: 6242: 6237: 6236: 6232: 6231:Langues d'oïl 6228: 6227: 6222: 6221: 6215: 6209: 6202: 6198: 6197: 6189: 6182: 6178: 6172: 6165: 6160: 6153: 6149: 6143: 6136: 6135:9780691195926 6132: 6128: 6123: 6116: 6110: 6103: 6097: 6090: 6086: 6080: 6073: 6067: 6061: 6058: 6052: 6045: 6039: 6033: 6032: 6028: 6025: 6018: 6012: 6010: 6006: 6002: 5996: 5989: 5983: 5976: 5975:1-85109-640-X 5972: 5968: 5962: 5955: 5954: 5947: 5941: 5937: 5931: 5925: 5921: 5915: 5909: 5905: 5899: 5892: 5886: 5879: 5873: 5867: 5863: 5857: 5850: 5844: 5838: 5834: 5830: 5824: 5817: 5811: 5805: 5801: 5797: 5791: 5784: 5780: 5776: 5770: 5764: 5760: 5754: 5747: 5741: 5735: 5734:0-520-03537-2 5731: 5727: 5721: 5714: 5708: 5702:, p. 330 5701: 5695: 5688: 5683: 5676: 5675:Amores (1997) 5671: 5664: 5659: 5652: 5648: 5644: 5638: 5631: 5627: 5621: 5613: 5609: 5605: 5601: 5597: 5593: 5592: 5584: 5577: 5573: 5569: 5568: 5561: 5554: 5549: 5547: 5539: 5534: 5529: 5522: 5517: 5510: 5506: 5501: 5494: 5489: 5487: 5479: 5474: 5472: 5464: 5460: 5456: 5455:Amores (1997) 5451: 5444: 5439: 5432: 5428: 5422: 5420: 5412: 5409:from Tudanca, 5408: 5402: 5400: 5392: 5388: 5382: 5380: 5378: 5370: 5367: 5364: 5359: 5357: 5348: 5343: 5340: 5337: 5332: 5325: 5324:Zaïkak (2014) 5320: 5312: 5307: 5306:Zaïkak (2014) 5302: 5295: 5290: 5283: 5282:Zaïkak (2014) 5278: 5265:on 2018-04-27 5264: 5260: 5259: 5251: 5244: 5243:Fabre (1969a) 5239: 5237: 5229: 5224: 5217: 5212: 5206:, p. 318 5205: 5199: 5192: 5187: 5179: 5173: 5168: 5164: 5159: 5152: 5150: 5144: 5143:Zaïkak (2014) 5139: 5132: 5131:Amores (1997) 5126: 5119: 5114: 5107: 5102: 5095: 5091: 5087: 5082: 5074: 5073: 5065: 5058: 5053: 5045: 5041: 5034: 5027:on 2016-03-03 5023: 5019: 5012: 5005: 4998: 4992: 4985: 4979: 4972: 4967: 4960: 4956: 4951: 4944: 4940: 4934: 4927: 4922: 4915: 4911: 4907: 4901: 4894: 4888: 4882: 4878: 4872: 4865: 4859: 4852: 4846: 4840: 4836: 4832: 4826: 4819: 4813: 4807: 4803: 4799: 4795: 4791: 4785: 4778: 4774: 4768: 4761: 4757: 4753: 4749: 4743: 4736: 4730: 4723: 4717: 4710: 4704: 4698: 4694: 4688: 4682: 4679: 4673: 4666: 4660: 4652: 4648: 4640: 4631: 4624: 4619: 4613: 4609: 4603: 4596: 4592: 4586: 4579: 4578: 4573: 4567: 4560: 4559: 4552: 4546: 4542: 4536: 4530: 4527:, 2(2), 179. 4526: 4520: 4513: 4509: 4503: 4501: 4499: 4492: 4488: 4482: 4476: 4472: 4466: 4459: 4453: 4446: 4440: 4433: 4432:3-900359-52-0 4429: 4425: 4419: 4412: 4406: 4400: 4396: 4390: 4383: 4379: 4373: 4366: 4363:Шагинян, М. " 4360: 4353: 4347: 4340: 4336: 4332: 4326: 4319: 4313: 4304: 4295: 4286: 4278: 4274: 4266: 4262: 4256: 4250: 4244:, p. 328 4243: 4237: 4230: 4226: 4222: 4216: 4209: 4203: 4196: 4195: 4188: 4181: 4180: 4173: 4166: 4165: 4158: 4151: 4150: 4143: 4136: 4132: 4128: 4127: 4120: 4113: 4112:9783922868293 4109: 4105: 4104: 4097: 4090: 4084: 4075: 4068: 4058:(12): 465–467 4057: 4053: 4049: 4041: 4032: 4025: 4020: 4010:(12): 469–474 4009: 4005: 4001: 3993: 3986: 3982: 3976: 3969: 3964: 3962: 3953: 3951: 3944: 3941: 3937: 3931: 3924: 3920: 3916: 3910: 3903: 3897: 3890: 3889:9781894301565 3886: 3882: 3876: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3855: 3848: 3847:5-9274-0188-0 3844: 3838: 3831: 3825: 3818: 3812: 3805: 3799: 3792: 3788: 3784: 3778: 3771: 3770:3-900359-52-0 3767: 3763: 3757: 3750: 3745: 3738: 3733: 3724: 3717: 3712: 3705: 3700: 3693: 3687: 3678: 3671: 3665: 3658: 3653: 3646: 3641: 3634: 3629: 3622: 3617: 3610: 3605: 3598: 3593: 3586: 3581: 3574: 3569: 3562: 3557: 3550: 3545: 3543: 3535: 3530: 3523: 3518: 3511: 3506: 3499: 3494: 3488: 3484: 3478: 3471: 3469: 3461: 3454: 3449: 3447: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3423: 3416: 3411: 3409: 3401: 3397: 3391: 3384: 3379: 3371: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3350: 3343: 3338: 3331: 3329:9780313334429 3325: 3321: 3317: 3310: 3308: 3300: 3295: 3288: 3286:9789514109638 3282: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3263: 3257:, p. 330 3256: 3250: 3244: 3236: 3229: 3222: 3217: 3210: 3205: 3203: 3201: 3193: 3188: 3181: 3176: 3169: 3167: 3161: 3157: 3152: 3150: 3141: 3137: 3130: 3123: 3119: 3116:Delarue's 71 3113: 3111: 3109: 3100: 3096: 3089: 3082: 3077: 3070: 3068:9781563244902 3064: 3060: 3056: 3049: 3042: 3037: 3030: 3026: 3023:"John Bear" ( 3020: 3018: 3016: 3014: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2992: 2985: 2979: 2970: 2961: 2953: 2952: 2944: 2937: 2933: 2927: 2920: 2915: 2908: 2903: 2896: 2895:Amades (1974) 2891: 2884: 2879: 2877: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2861: 2854: 2847: 2842: 2835: 2831: 2826: 2819: 2814: 2812: 2804: 2799: 2792: 2787: 2785: 2780: 2775: 2774: 2762: 2756: 2747: 2740: 2734: 2727: 2721: 2712: 2705: 2699: 2691: 2685: 2679: 2673: 2667: 2656: 2647: 2640: 2634: 2627: 2623: 2617: 2610: 2604: 2597: 2593: 2587: 2578: 2571: 2565: 2558: 2552: 2545: 2541: 2536: 2527: 2518: 2508: 2503: 2497: 2487: 2478: 2468: 2461: 2455: 2446: 2437: 2428: 2421: 2415: 2406: 2397: 2390: 2386: 2380: 2378: 2370: 2364: 2355: 2346: 2339: 2333: 2324: 2317: 2311: 2301: 2292: 2283: 2276: 2270: 2261: 2254: 2250: 2244: 2235: 2227: 2220: 2213: 2207: 2200: 2194: 2187: 2181: 2177: 2167: 2164: 2162: 2161: 2157: 2155: 2152: 2150: 2147: 2145: 2142: 2140: 2137: 2135: 2132: 2131: 2130: 2128: 2122: 2119: 2115: 2110: 2107: 2104: 2101: 2099: 2096: 2093: 2092: 2088: 2086: 2083: 2081: 2078: 2076: 2073: 2071: 2068: 2065: 2062: 2061: 2060: 2058: 2049: 2046: 2044: 2040: 2035: 2033: 2029: 2028: 2023: 2013: 2010: 2007: 2003: 1996: 1991: 1988: 1984: 1974: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1946: 1944: 1940: 1930: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1910: 1908: 1904: 1894: 1892: 1887: 1877: 1875: 1872:and two from 1871: 1867: 1862: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1839: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1807: 1805: 1800: 1796: 1791: 1781: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1763:Ting Nai-tung 1759: 1757: 1752: 1749: 1745: 1740: 1738: 1727: 1725: 1720: 1716: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1698: 1696: 1691: 1689: 1684: 1680: 1678: 1677: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1638: 1636: 1633:According to 1626: 1624: 1619: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1604: 1602: 1601:El Hijo Burra 1598: 1593: 1591: 1587: 1584:collected in 1583: 1579: 1578:Ciudad Juárez 1575: 1570: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1530: 1528: 1524: 1523:Espinosa, Sr. 1520: 1510: 1508: 1504: 1499: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1465: 1463: 1459: 1456: 1453: 1450: 1446: 1443: 1440: 1437: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1425: 1420: 1415: 1413: 1409: 1408: 1401: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1378:Blacos, Soria 1375: 1371: 1367: 1358: 1356: 1355:Basse-Navarre 1352: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1330: 1325: 1320: 1318: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1290: 1284: 1279: 1277: 1276: 1271: 1270: 1264: 1262: 1256: 1252: 1247: 1244: 1238: 1227: 1224: 1218: 1213: 1209: 1207: 1201: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1161: 1152: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1137: 1134: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1118: 1113: 1112:Urbain Gibert 1109: 1108:Jan de l'Ours 1105: 1100: 1098: 1088: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1073: 1071: 1066: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1045: 1040: 1036: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1008: 1000: 998: 994: 993: 988: 984: 979: 977: 976:South America 973: 969: 965: 961: 957: 953: 950: 946: 945:Mircea Eliade 941: 939: 935: 930: 928: 924: 918: 916: 910: 908: 904: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 880: 876: 866: 864: 859: 857: 853: 850:, the Middle 849: 843: 838: 837:Yuri Berezkin 833: 831: 827: 822: 817: 812: 811:Ting Nai-tung 807: 803: 801: 797: 793: 789: 775: 771: 766: 762: 759: 750: 748: 744: 739: 730: 728: 724: 720: 715: 713: 709: 708:Strimba-Lemne 705: 704:Sfarma-Piâtra 701: 697: 693: 688: 686: 682: 681: 676: 673: 669: 665: 661: 657: 653: 649: 644: 642: 638: 634: 623: 621: 616: 614: 610: 606: 602: 598: 594: 589: 586: 582: 578: 574: 564: 562: 558: 554: 548: 543: 538: 536: 535:Jean Boutière 531: 529: 525: 521: 516: 512: 507: 493: 489: 487: 482: 480: 476: 475: 470: 464: 462: 458: 454: 450: 446: 436: 429: 428: 427: 420: 419: 418: 411: 410: 409: 402: 401: 400: 398: 390: 389: 388: 381: 380: 379: 374: 369: 365: 350: 348: 344: 340: 335: 332: 328: 323: 321: 317: 313: 309: 304: 300: 298: 288: 286: 282: 277: 275: 271: 267: 261: 256: 250: 245: 240: 238: 232: 227: 223: 218: 216: 212: 208: 193: 184: 176: 171: 170: 161: 156: 148: 143: 137: 129: 125: 121: 117: 112: 104: 96: 91: 83: 77: 73: 71: 67: 63: 59: 55: 51: 50:John the Bear 46: 38: 28: 22: 7094:the original 7089: 7069: 7046: 7027: 7020: 7011: 6981: 6962:The Folktale 6961: 6946: 6936: 6932: 6916: 6912: 6877: 6873: 6841: 6837: 6815: 6782: 6755: 6751: 6726: 6722: 6706: 6702: 6670: 6666: 6641: 6621: 6608: 6604: 6588: 6575: 6553: 6545: 6532: 6510: 6494: 6462: 6455:Amades, Joan 6436: 6412: 6408: 6384: 6365: 6354: 6329: 6306: 6295: 6275: 6262: 6258: 6244: 6223:Bibliography 6213: 6208: 6200: 6195: 6188: 6176: 6171: 6159: 6147: 6142: 6126: 6122: 6114: 6109: 6101: 6096: 6088: 6084: 6079: 6071: 6066: 6056: 6051: 6043: 6038: 6022: 6017: 6000: 5995: 5987: 5982: 5966: 5961: 5951: 5946: 5935: 5930: 5919: 5914: 5903: 5898: 5890: 5885: 5877: 5872: 5861: 5856: 5848: 5843: 5828: 5823: 5815: 5810: 5795: 5790: 5774: 5769: 5758: 5753: 5745: 5740: 5726:The Folktale 5725: 5720: 5707: 5694: 5682: 5670: 5658: 5642: 5637: 5625: 5620: 5590: 5583: 5565: 5560: 5528: 5516: 5504: 5500: 5462: 5458: 5450: 5438: 5426: 5406: 5386: 5368: 5365: 5341: 5338: 5331: 5319: 5301: 5289: 5277: 5267:, retrieved 5263:the original 5257: 5250: 5223: 5211: 5198: 5186: 5166: 5163:Azkue (1942) 5158: 5146: 5138: 5125: 5113: 5106:Babou (1862) 5101: 5093: 5089: 5081: 5071: 5064: 5057:Gardy (2005) 5052: 5043: 5033: 5022:the original 5017: 5004: 4996: 4991: 4983: 4978: 4966: 4958: 4950: 4938: 4933: 4926:Fabre (1968) 4921: 4905: 4900: 4892: 4887: 4876: 4871: 4863: 4858: 4850: 4845: 4830: 4825: 4820:XIII. p. 19. 4817: 4812: 4793: 4784: 4776: 4767: 4751: 4742: 4734: 4729: 4721: 4716: 4708: 4703: 4692: 4687: 4677: 4672: 4664: 4659: 4650: 4639: 4630: 4618: 4607: 4602: 4594: 4585: 4575: 4566: 4556: 4551: 4540: 4535: 4524: 4519: 4507: 4486: 4481: 4470: 4465: 4457: 4452: 4444: 4439: 4423: 4418: 4410: 4405: 4394: 4389: 4377: 4372: 4359: 4351: 4346: 4330: 4325: 4317: 4312: 4303: 4294: 4285: 4276: 4264: 4254: 4249: 4236: 4220: 4215: 4202: 4192: 4187: 4177: 4172: 4162: 4157: 4147: 4142: 4124: 4119: 4101: 4096: 4088: 4083: 4073: 4067: 4055: 4051: 4040: 4031: 4019: 4007: 4003: 3992: 3985:Nelli (1941) 3980: 3975: 3968:Nelli (1941) 3949: 3942: 3939: 3935: 3930: 3914: 3909: 3901: 3896: 3880: 3875: 3859: 3854: 3837: 3824: 3811: 3798: 3782: 3777: 3761: 3756: 3744: 3732: 3723: 3711: 3706:, p. 6. 3699: 3686: 3677: 3664: 3652: 3640: 3628: 3616: 3604: 3592: 3580: 3568: 3556: 3529: 3522:Fabre (1968) 3517: 3505: 3493: 3482: 3477: 3468:The Folklore 3465: 3460: 3436: 3432: 3422: 3395: 3390: 3378: 3355: 3349: 3342:Fabre (1968) 3337: 3319: 3316:"Bear's Son" 3294: 3276: 3272: 3262: 3234: 3228: 3216: 3192:Babou (1862) 3187: 3175: 3163: 3156:Babou (1862) 3139: 3129: 3117: 3098: 3088: 3076: 3058: 3048: 3036: 3024: 3004: 2991: 2978: 2969: 2960: 2950: 2943: 2935: 2931: 2926: 2914: 2902: 2890: 2858: 2853: 2841: 2833: 2825: 2798: 2755: 2746: 2733: 2720: 2711: 2704:Irati Forest 2698: 2659:The initial 2655: 2646: 2638: 2633: 2616: 2603: 2591: 2586: 2577: 2564: 2551: 2543: 2539: 2535: 2526: 2517: 2502:Petro Lintur 2496: 2486: 2477: 2467: 2454: 2445: 2436: 2427: 2419: 2414: 2405: 2396: 2384: 2368: 2363: 2354: 2345: 2337: 2332: 2323: 2310: 2300: 2291: 2282: 2274: 2269: 2260: 2252: 2248: 2243: 2234: 2219: 2206: 2198: 2193: 2180: 2166:Kotyhoroshko 2158: 2126: 2125: 2089: 2056: 2055: 2047: 2042: 2036: 2025: 2019: 2008: 1999: 1994: 1986: 1982: 1980: 1952: 1936: 1916: 1900: 1885: 1883: 1863: 1840: 1813: 1801: 1787: 1775: 1760: 1753: 1744:Dean Fansler 1741: 1733: 1718: 1709: 1705: 1699: 1694: 1692: 1685: 1681: 1674: 1644: 1632: 1620: 1615: 1607: 1605: 1600: 1596: 1594: 1589: 1581: 1573: 1571: 1536: 1526: 1516: 1500: 1491: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1466: 1422: 1418: 1416: 1405: 1402: 1393: 1373: 1369: 1364: 1338: 1334: 1333:'s version, 1321: 1286: 1283:Jean Barbier 1280: 1273: 1267: 1258: 1253:, edited by 1250: 1248: 1233: 1212:Henri Carnoy 1210: 1195:Henri Carnoy 1189:who rides a 1181:region into 1172: 1144: 1138: 1135: 1107: 1101: 1097:plus repándu 1096: 1094: 1084: 1080: 1074: 1069: 1067: 1049: 1039:Daniel Fabre 1037: 1014: 1006: 990: 980: 960:Central Asia 943:Mythologist 942: 937: 931: 919: 911: 887:Zümrütü Anka 881:, the Azeri 872: 863:Jiří Polívka 860: 834: 829: 825: 823: 808: 804: 788:Dragonslayer 784: 773: 760: 756: 747:Dean Fansler 740: 736: 726: 722: 716: 707: 703: 689: 684: 678: 674: 667: 663: 655: 651: 645: 629: 617: 612: 608: 600: 592: 590: 570: 560: 556: 552: 539: 532: 514: 508: 504: 490: 485: 483: 472: 465: 460: 442: 433: 424: 415: 406: 394: 385: 368:Daniel Fabre 364:Paul Delarue 361: 345:, ATU 650 (" 342: 336: 324: 311: 307: 305: 301: 294: 284: 278: 255:Édouard Zier 244:Henri Carnoy 241: 221: 219: 215:Jan l'Oursét 214: 204: 168: 159: 146: 127: 123: 119: 116:Juan del Oso 115: 95:Joan de l'Ós 94: 82:Jan de l'Ors 81: 78: 74: 65: 61: 57: 53: 49: 36: 35: 7141:ATU 300-399 6954:(in French) 6939:(134): 2–36 6899:(in French) 6863:(in French) 6729:(1): 1–11. 6594:(in Basque) 6415:(22): 91–98 6398:Nelli, René 6391:(in French) 6335:(in French) 5626:Juan el Oso 5044:Via Domitia 4061:(in French) 4013:(in French) 3253:, cited by 2739:Roa, Burgos 2505: [ 2338:Borzoi Book 2112: [ 2039:Alina Reyes 2006:Kyrgyz epic 2004:noted that 1859:Tsilhqotʼin 1855:Assiniboine 1793: [ 1784:Middle East 1766: [ 1748:Philippines 1706:Asphurtzela 1653:(e. g., in 1574:Juan el oso 1559:Tehuantepec 1551:Guadalajara 1496:Roa, Burgos 1327: [ 1275:roman bleue 1215: [ 1198: [ 1115: [ 1042: [ 1023:, from the 997:Paleolithic 964:Middle East 915:Mesopotamia 840: [ 814: [ 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