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481:, which was named after her. Mary Elizabeth funded Caldwell Hall's chapel. Mary Elizabeth married Baron Moritz Curt von Zedtwitz (1851–1896), German Minister to Mexico, and converted to Lutheranism. The sisters travelled extensively in Europe. In 1896, Mary Guendaline married the middle-aged François Jean Louis, Marquis de Montiers-Mérinville in Paris. Bishop John Spalding of Peoria performed the ceremony. In 1904, the sisters broke with the Catholic Church, the Marquise stating that her "honest Protestant blood had asserted itself". She requested that her portrait in Caldwell Hall be removed. According to the
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else, and he believed that life should be the ends and means of education. He opposed government interference in education and urged
Catholics to support a parochial school system without seeking public financing. Spalding believed that education should be accessible to all, and he was a strong advocate for the education of women, workers, and African Americans. In his writings, Spalding emphasized the role of the teacher and encouraged the development of heroic qualities in students.
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Spalding was later accused of having an affair with both sisters though the allegation was questionable. The potential for scandal cost
Spalding appointment to the See of Chicago and he remained Bishop of Peoria. "here is general consensus that the sisters’ stories about Spalding bore little relation
420:
Spalding believed that education was a fundamental aspect of human life and that it should be grounded in
Catholic ideals. He advocated for research in an atmosphere of freedom and improved education of the clergy. Spalding's philosophy of education was centered on the value of human life above all
473:
and Mary
Elizabeth in the Academy of the Sacred Heart on 17th Street. Caldwell died in 1874. Under the terms of his will, he subsidized ten places in the Richmond home for poor individuals of Fredericksburg; He also stipulated that upon reaching the age of twenty-one, his daughters were to donate
468:
of
Louisville. When Mrs. Caldwell died unexpectedly in 1867, "Shake" sought solace in his wife's religion. He founded Sts. Mary and Elizabeth Hospital in Louisville, run by the Sisters of Charity, in her memory; and a home for indigent men in Richmond, operated by the Little Sisters of the Poor.
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to care for the sick. They served at the city hospital and made home visits. Shortly after their arrival, Spalding visited the hospital and observing the difficult conditions the sisters worked under, encouraged them to form a separate congregation with his support. As the mother superior had no
485:, her actions provoked little surprise as she was in poor health having suffered a stroke two years earlier and "he Marquise is an original character and extremely impulsive." The Marquise separated from her husband in 1905, but paid him an annual stipend of $ 8,000 in order to keep her title.
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prepared a draft and distributed it to the bishops, who were to forward their revisions to
Spalding, who would, in turn, report back at the next meeting. Anticipating long and fruitless discussion, Spalding dispensed with procedure and sent the draft to Archbishop
1088:
BARGER, ROBERT NEWTON. "JOHN LANCASTER SPALDING: CATHOLIC EDUCATOR AND SOCIAL EMISSARY." (PhD dissertation, University of
Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 1976. 7708930).
1420:
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SCHAEFER, M. LUELLA. "THE SOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT OF JOHN LANCASTER SPALDING'S EDUCATIONAL THEORY" (PhD dissertation, Saint Louis
University; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 1962. 6403768).
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to the facts, that their tragic marriages and psychic illnesses, plus
Spalding's unwillingness to arrange an annulment for Mary Elizabeth, contributed to their turning against the church."
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1995:
1945:
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The
Diocese of Peoria has established the John Lancaster Spalding Scholarship, a tuition assistance program for students in any parish to attend any Catholic school in the diocese.
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Spalding became paralyzed from a stroke in 1905. Pope Pius X accepted his resignation as bishop of the Diocese of Peoria on September 11, 1908, due to poor health and appointed him
1101:
Grollmes, Eugene E. "The Educational Theory of John Lancaster Spalding: The Ideal of Heroism" (PhD dissertation, Boston College; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1969. 7002453).
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Catholic high school for boys, Spalding Institute, was named for him. Spalding Hall at The Catholic University of America was also named for him.
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as a member of the Arbitration Commission that awarded the miners a retroactive 10% wage increase and reduced daily work hours from 10 to 9.
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204:. The Spaldings and the Elders were related by marriage, Thomas Elder having married Elizabeth Spalding. Elizabeth was the paternal aunt of
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In 1876, six Sisters of the Third Order of St. Francis, at the request of Reverend Bernard Baak, pastor of St. Joseph, arrived from
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In 1872, Spalding travelled to New York to write a biography of his late uncle, Martin Spalding, and became assistant pastor of the
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of 1884 authorized a commission be established to create a uniform catechism. Spalding and Monsignor Januarius de Concilio of
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William Shakespeare Caldwell, a wealthy Kentucky gas baron, was married to Mary Eliza Breckinridge of the
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397:, Gibbons approved the text, and it was published in April 1885. Though not universally applauded, the
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When Mary Guendaline was 21, she gave the money to buy the land for Catholic University and to build
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objections, the Sisters of the Third Order of St. Francis of Peoria was established in July 1877.
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The diocesan offices of the Diocese of Peoria are located in the Spalding Center, named for him.
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979:, (Edward T. James, Janet Wilson James, Paul S. Boyer, eds.), Harvard University Press, 1971
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McAvoy, Thomas T. "Bishop John Lancaster Spalding and the Catholic Minority (1877–1908)."
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Nolan, L. A. (2005). "John Lancaster Spalding (1840-1916): A Catalyst for Social Reform".
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1185:: July 2013 issue: "John Lancaster Spalding (1840-1916): A Catalyst for Social Reform"
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on December 19, 1863, After his ordination, Spalding continued his studies as the
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Killen, David P. “Americanism Revisited: John Spalding and Testem Benevolentiae.”
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The Sisters of the Third Order of St. Francis: Archbishop John Lancaster Spalding
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Nolan, L. A. John Lancaster Spalding (1840–1916): A Catalyst for Social Reform.
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with the title of archbishop. John Spalding died on August 25, 1916, at age 76.
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remained the standard catechism in the United States for the next eighty years.
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1074:"John Lancaster Spalding Scholarship", St. Ann Catholic Church, January 2, 2011
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one-third of their substantial inheritance to establish a Catholic university.
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in Rome. He returned to Louisville in 1865 to become assistant pastor of the
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The Life of John Lancaster Spalding: First Bishop of Peoria, 1840-1916
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Doris K. Goodwin, The Bully Pulpit (Simon & Schuster, 2013) p. 318
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in Peoria. He also oversaw the construction of St. Mary's Cemetery in
1059:"His kind of town: Blase Cupich becomes part of a colorful history",
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Biola University: Talbot School of Theology: John Lancaster Spalding
635:""Archbishop John Lancaster Spalding", Franciscan Sisters of Peoria"
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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in Emmitsburg, Maryland briefly, before graduating in 1859 from
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Brilliants, From the Writings of Rt. Rev. J. L. Spalding, D.D.
902:. Rhode Island Historical Society Publication. pp. 31–35
893:"John La Farge's Windows for the Caldwell Sisters of Newport"
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Most Reverend John Lancaster Spalding, First Bishop of Peoria
1625:
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Loyola Marymount University: Digital Commons @ LMU and LLS:
1152:(Herder and Herder, 1966), the standard scholarly biography.
947:"Caldwell, Mary Gwendolin Byrd", American National Biography
351:
Spalding achieved national prominence for helping President
1039:, (John E. Kleber, ed.) University Press of Kentucky, 2015}
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Caldwell moved to New York and enrolled his two daughters,
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159:(June 2, 1840 – August 25, 1916) was an American Catholic
1996:
19th-century Roman Catholic bishops in the United States
1946:
20th-century Roman Catholic bishops in the United States
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The Catholic University of America: A Centennial History
512:
Historical marker commemorating Spalding in his hometown
1183:
Catholic Education: A Journal of Inquiry and Practice
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American College of the Immaculate Conception alumni
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Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Immaculate Conception
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196:in St. Mary's, Kentucky, which had been founded by
366:Spalding wrote several books and poetry under the
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324:Spalding was instrumental in the founding of the
1956:Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968) alumni
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251:Spalding was ordained to the priesthood for the
212:. Thomas and Elizabeth were the grandparents of
1013:, Volumes 22-23, Christ's Mission, 1905, p. 179
925:, Issues 334-336, Paulist Fathers, 1893, p. 481
456:. Although Protestant, Mary Eliza had attended
313:. He was installed on May 23, 1877,by Cardinal
171:from 1877 to 1908. He was also a co-founder of
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1135:Nolan, Lucinda A. "John Lancaster Spalding"
404:Spalding was awarded an honorary degree from
241:American College of the Immaculate Conception
921:"A Famous Convent School of the Southwest",
464:, and was subsequently baptized Catholic by
1805:St. Francis DeSales High School, Louisville
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188:John Spalding was born on June 2, 1840, in
167:, advocate for higher education, the first
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1172:Works by or about John Lancaster Spalding
1628:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Louisville
1443:Queen of the Holy Rosary Memorial Shrine
900:Rhode Island History (Vol. 64, Number 2)
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328:in Washington, D.C., as well as several
1786:Cathedral of the Assumption, Louisville
1137:Christian Educators of the 20th Century
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1521:Academy of Our Lady/Spalding Institute
1093:The Social Ideas of American Educators
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600:(38): 7. 1908-09-17 – via JSTOR.
289:Spalding was consecrated May 1, 1876.
1951:Catholic University of America people
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239:, and arranged for him to attend the
229:Mount St. Mary's Seminary of the West
795:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
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16:American Catholic bishop (1840–1916)
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269:Second Plenary Council of Baltimore
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1855:Holy Cross High School, Louisville
1825:Assumption High School, Louisville
1810:St. Xavier High School, Louisville
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828:The Prophetic Spirit of Catechesis
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678:"Bishop John Lancaster Spalding †"
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378:Third Plenary Council of Baltimore
173:The Catholic University of America
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2012:
1815:Trinity High School, St. Matthews
1463:St. John's Catholic Newman Center
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891:Yarnall, James L. (Summer 2006).
785:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
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267:. In 1866, Spalding attended the
1976:Roman Catholic bishops of Peoria
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1850:Bethlehem High School, Bardstown
1840:Sacred Heart Academy, Louisville
1835:Presentation Academy, Louisville
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1312:Roman Catholic Diocese of Peoria
1163:Works by John Lancaster Spalding
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735:Roman Catholic Diocese of Peoria
727:"Bishop John Lancaster Spalding"
488:In 1906, Mary Elizabeth's book,
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996:Baroness von Zedtwitz (1906),
852:, CUA Press, 1990. p. 14, n.44
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462:Sisters of Charity of Nazareth
326:Catholic University of America
210:Sisters of Charity of Nazareth
183:
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1981:Writers from Peoria, Illinois
1961:People from Lebanon, Kentucky
1127:Journal of Catholic Education
660:Journal of Catholic Education
568:
528:Education and the Higher Life
246:
1846:High schools (coeducational)
1480:Central Catholic High School
1108:66#4 1973, pp. 413–54.
1035:"Spalding, John Lancaster",
975:"Caldwell, Mary Gwendolyn",
830:, Paulist Press, 2000, p. 41
539:Opportunity and Other Essays
284:Church of St. Michael Parish
271:as theologian to Archbishop
192:. He graduated in 1856 from
178:
7:
1504:St. Thomas More High School
1200:Rev John Lancaster Spalding
998:The Double Doctrine of Rome
490:The Double Doctrine of Rome
309:, newly created out of the
265:Cathedral of the Assumption
231:in Cincinnati. His uncle,
10:
2017:
1941:American religious writers
1926:American education writers
1585:Catholic Church portal
1340:Joseph Henry Leo Schlarman
1106:Harvard Theological Review
1037:Encyclopedia of Louisville
410:Western Reserve University
277:Archdiocese of Oregon City
261:Belgian Pontifical College
2001:American male biographers
1873:
1830:Mercy Academy, Louisville
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1129:(2005). 9#2 pp 178–197
945:Fox-Sheinwold, Patricia.
590:"Bishop Spalding Resigns"
560:
545:Aphorisms and Reflections
255:in Belgium by Archbishop
253:Archdiocese of Louisville
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1991:Historians from Illinois
1865:Pitt Academy, Louisville
1671:William George McCloskey
1148:Sweeney, David Francis.
662:, 9 (2). December, 2005]
393:of New York gave it the
317:, with Coadjutor Bishop
218:Archbishop of Cincinnati
145:August 25, 1916 (age 76)
1986:Catholics from Kentucky
1931:American male essayists
1756:James Kendrick Williams
1746:John Lancaster Spalding
1731:Charles Garrett Maloney
1696:Thomas Joseph McDonough
1651:John Baptist Mary David
1355:Edward William O'Rourke
1330:John Lancaster Spalding
523:Lectures and Discourses
348:opened in Peoria 1878.
223:John Spalding attended
157:John Lancaster Spalding
33:John Lancaster Spalding
1885:Catholicism portal
1769:
1691:John Alexander Floersh
1681:John Alexander Floersh
1656:Benedict Joseph Flaget
1646:Benedict Joseph Flaget
1492:Notre Dame High School
1404:
1345:William Edward Cousins
1213:Catholic Church titles
1117:The Review of Politics
1011:The Converted Catholic
977:Notable American Women
826:Mongoven, Anne Marie.
594:The Catholic Telegraph
513:
494:The Converted Catholic
454:Kentucky Breckinridges
301:appointed Spalding as
297:On November 11, 1876,
1768:
1666:Peter Joseph Lavialle
1403:
1391:Peter Joseph O'Reilly
792:Catholic Encyclopedia
755:"The Heritage of CUA"
620:, Wayside Press, 1960
511:
425:Retirement and legacy
382:Seton Hall University
334:West Peoria, Illinois
243:in Louvain, Belgium.
1916:American biographers
1861:Special needs school
1821:High schools (girls)
1721:Guy Ignatius Chabrat
1701:Thomas Cajetan Kelly
1661:Martin John Spalding
1550:Gerald Thomas Bergan
1335:Edmund Michael Dunne
1241:Edmund Michael Dunne
1000:, New York: Revell.
416:Educational policies
346:St. Francis Hospital
237:bishop of Louisville
225:Mt. St. Mary College
208:, co-founder of the
85:Edmund Michael Dunne
1971:Poets from Kentucky
1966:Poets from Illinois
1936:American male poets
1801:High schools (boys)
1706:Joseph Edward Kurtz
1560:John George Alleman
1517:Former high schools
1474:Alleman High School
1432:Holy Trinity Church
1119:12.1 (1950): 3–19.
1063:, November 19, 2014
964:, November 16, 1904
848:Nuesse, C. Joseph.
550:Socialism and Labor
541:(as Henry Hamilton)
535:(as Henry Hamilton)
406:Columbia University
399:Baltimore Catechism
361:Coal Strike of 1902
214:William Henry Elder
1770:
1717:Affiliated bishops
1527:Bergan High School
1405:
1350:John Baptist Franz
1095:(1935) pp 348–73.
1033:Gollar, C. Walker.
973:Shenton, James P.
682:Catholic-Hierarchy
518:Essays and Reviews
514:
408:in 1902, and from
353:Theodore Roosevelt
311:Diocese of Chicago
206:Catherine Spalding
194:St. Mary's College
1893:
1892:
1593:
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1510:Schlarman Academy
1486:Marquette Academy
1278:
1277:
1269:Succeeded by
1251:Joseph-Marie Raya
1238:Succeeded by
1167:Project Gutenberg
731:The Catholic Post
533:The Poet's Praise
359:to end the Great
307:Diocese of Peoria
273:François Blanchet
257:Engelbert Streckx
190:Lebanon, Kentucky
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134:Lebanon, Kentucky
103:Engelbert Sterckx
99:December 19, 1863
76:December 19, 1876
67:Diocese of Peoria
28:The Most Reverend
2008:
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458:Nazareth Academy
448:Caldwell sisters
330:Catholic schools
293:Bishop of Peoria
169:Bishop of Peoria
148:Peoria, Illinois
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483:New York Times
449:
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391:John McCloskey
371:Henry Hamilton
315:John McCloskey
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904:. Retrieved
899:
878:Nolan, 2023.
874:
869:Nolan, 2005.
865:
849:
843:
827:
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812:
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790:
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763:. Retrieved
759:the original
749:
738:. Retrieved
730:
686:. Retrieved
684:. 2007-10-06
681:
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643:. Retrieved
639:the original
617:
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504:Publications
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357:J. P. Morgan
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319:Thomas Foley
299:Pope Pius IX
296:
288:
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222:
202:George Elder
187:
156:
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130:June 2, 1840
109:Consecration
1911:1916 deaths
1906:1840 births
1736:John McGill
1687:Archbishops
1506:, Champaign
1465:, Champaign
1382:(2020-2022)
1380:Louis Tylka
1370:Louis Tylka
1262:Scythopolis
960:Interview,
435:Scythopolis
355:and banker
321:presiding.
279:in Oregon.
184:Early years
112:May 1, 1877
1900:Categories
1741:James Ryan
1636:Ordinaries
1555:James Ryan
1512:, Danville
1326:Ordinaries
1266:1908–1916
1235:1877–1908
906:August 31,
765:2007-08-19
740:2008-01-12
688:2008-01-12
645:2019-08-22
569:References
395:imprimatur
247:Priesthood
96:Ordination
1795:Education
1782:Cathedral
1453:Education
1445:, LaSalle
1417:Cathedral
1387:Auxiliary
1376:Coadjutor
412:in 1904.
368:pseudonym
341:Iowa City
275:from the
179:Biography
81:Successor
73:Appointed
1776:Churches
1529:, Peoria
1523:, Peoria
1494:, Peoria
1488:, Ottawa
1428:Parishes
1423:, Peoria
1411:Churches
787:"Peoria"
442:Peoria's
114:by
101:by
57:Catholic
1642:Bishops
1543:Priests
1320:Bishops
1174:at the
1139:(2023)
1061:America
305:of the
1500:, Peru
1439:Shrine
1231:Peoria
1227:Bishop
1141:online
1131:online
1121:online
1110:online
1097:online
1044:
984:
857:
835:
783:
598:LXXVII
561:Legacy
303:bishop
235:, was
161:author
91:Orders
53:Church
896:(PDF)
150:, USA
136:, USA
1221:None
1042:ISBN
982:ISBN
908:2022
855:ISBN
833:ISBN
376:The
200:and
165:poet
142:Died
127:Born
1260:of
1229:of
1202:at
1165:at
433:of
63:See
1902::
953:^
898:.
883:^
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336:.
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216:,
175:.
163:,
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1605:v
1303:e
1296:t
1289:v
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1048:,
1024:.
936:.
910:.
768:.
743:.
691:.
648:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
