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from an individual right laid down in the directive must be interpreted strictly.’ However, looking at the context it cannot be excluded that there would be more risks if policewomen carried firearms. So that may be a determining factor, and if so the member state can place a restriction, which need periodic review under art 9(2). There must also be proportionality so ‘derogations remain within the limits of what is appropriate and necessary for achieving the aim in view and requires the principle of equal treatment’.
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The
European Court of Justice held it was up to the Industrial Tribunal to determine whether art 2(2) (now art 14) applied ‘having regard to the specific duties which is required to carry out’ Referring to 'article 2(2) of the Directive, it should be observed that that provision, being a derogation
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argued the ban was justified because (1) they may be more frequent assassination targets (2) their guns could end in enemy hands (3) the public would object to it (4) it would hinder their jobs in social, family and children related work.
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Ms
Johnston was made redundant when her fixed term contract was not renewed. Women were prohibited from carrying firearms. But many police duties involved carrying firearms. The
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case concerning sex discrimination and genuine occupational requirements.
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Johnston v Chief
Constable of the Royal Ulster Constabulary
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Johnston v Chief
Constable of the Royal Ulster Constabulary
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425:Court of Justice of the European Union case law
359:Allonby v Accrington & Rossendale College
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242:Lambeth LBC v Commission for Racial Equality
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342:Kutz-Bauer v Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg
256:Tottenham Green Nursery v Marshall (No 2)
296:Kontofunktionaerernes Forbund v Danfoss
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199:R (Amicus) v SS for Trade and Industry
311:Rinner-Kühn v FWW Gebäudereinigung KG
281:Bilka-Kaufhaus GmbH v Weber von Hartz
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184:Johnston v Royal Ulster Constabulary
151:Sources on justifying discrimination
18:Johnston v Royal Ulster Constabulary
326:Nimz v Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg
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68:Genuine occupational requirement
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331:C-184/89
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202:EWHC 860
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175:IRLR 150
117:See also
108:Judgment
63:Keywords
55:Citation
363:(2004)
346:(2003)
329:(1991)
314:(1989)
299:(1989)
284:(1984)
260:ICR 320
246:ICR 768
229:(2000)
214:(1999)
187:(1986)
79:(1986)
47:Decided
397:Notes
162:Sch 9
95:Facts
83:is a
37:Court
373:see
87:and
416::
144:e
137:t
130:v
20:)
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