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412:, signed on November 12, 1902, by the government's Generals Alfredo Vásquez Cobo and Victor Manuel Salazar and insurgent Generals Lucas Caballero and Eusebio Morales. The terms of this treaty called for congressional elections, amnesty for all political and prisoner of war and rebel sympathizers, restoration of all confiscated properties and assets, conversion of rebel's money into government's official currency and assuming the rebel's war indebtedness.
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435:. As part of the conspiracy and within days, Roosevelt recognized the independence of Panamá and, in a stern and illegitimate forewarning, stated that he would not allow the presence of Colombian troops in Panamanian territory. Behind this secession movement and action was the desire of Roosevelt's administration to build, operate and control an interoceanic canal.
50:
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royalties of $ 250 thousand dollars every year until the end of the contract; and that the
Colombian Congress would ratify the treaty within eight months. President Marroquín presented the treaty for Congress’ consideration and ratification. Colombian Congress rejected the treaty and Panamá proclaimed its independence.
392:
In an effort to end the civil war, President
Marroquín offered the liberals a truce and armistice on June 12, 1902. The liberals rejected his offer, and the war intensified. After three years of bloody battles the war came to an end. Three peace treaties were signed. The first one was the Treaty of
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in
January 1903. The treaty provided in part that the French company would transfer its construction rights to the US; the US would build, operate and exploit the canal for a period of 99 years and could extend it beyond that; Colombia would receive a down payment of $ 10 million US dollars and
423:
and revolutionary
General Ricardo Tirado Macías. Thus, the civil war came to an end, after more than 200 battles, tens of thousands dead, tens of thousands wounded, millions in material losses, and an aftermath of great and tragic political, social and economic consequences. President Marroquín
431:, sponsored and fueled by the interests of the United States declared its secession from Colombia. The provincial troops and civil leaders proclaimed the independence of the Panamanian State from the Colombian nation, aided and abetted by the military forces and diplomatic agents of President
353:. He was elected as the first rector of the academy. As writer, philosopher, poet and scholar he wrote several novels, poems, stories, essays and text books in grammar, philology and orthography.
454:. President Marroquín vehemently opposed such idea and pushed for plan to build the canal through Panamá. Therefore, the administrations of Marroquín and Roosevelt signed the treaty
438:
The events leading to the separation of Panamá from
Colombia arise from the desires of business and strategic interests that wished to construct an interoceanic canal between the
341:
Marroquín became a professor of literature and philosophy at the
Colegio Mayor del Rosario, where he eventually was appointed as rector. Later, he was also co-founder of the
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was unable to attend his inauguration due to his poor health. The second time, on July 31, 1900, by default, when
President Sanclemente was deposed by a civil-military
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and was elected to the House of
Representatives and the Senate. He was also appointed as Minister of Education. He was elected as vice-president of the
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The nation had not yet recovered from the tragic events and devastation of the civil war, when another crisis erupted. On
November 3, 1903,
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began in 1880 under
Colombian control and French leadership. But this effort had failed and another project was being considered through
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518:
Gobernantes Colombianos, Ignacio Arismendi Posada, Interprint Editors Ltd., Italgraf, Segunda Edición, Page 147, Bogotá, Colombia, 1983
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Gobernantes Colombianos, Ignacio Arismendi Posada, Interprint Editors Ltd., Italgraf, Segunda Edición, Page 146, Bogotá, Colombia, 1983
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Gobernantes Colombianos, Ignacio Arismendi Posada, Interprint Editors Ltd., Italgraf, Segunda Edición, Page 145, Bogotá, Colombia, 1983
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oceans. The concept of such a canal through Panamá dates to the early 16th century. The first attempt to construct the
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Marroquín was president twice. The first time, as acting president on August 7, 1898, when president elect
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in 1898 and later elected as president in 1900 and served until 1904.
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officially declared the nation at peace on June 1, 1903.
297:(August 6, 1827 – September 19, 1908) was a Colombian
325:Marroquín studied literature and philosophy at the
536:La Biblioteca Luis Ángel Arango, el Museo del Oro
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31: and the second or maternal family name is
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329:. He went on to study jurisprudence at the
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1146:Colombian Conservative Party politicians
295:Jose Manuel Cayetano Marroquín Ricaurte
118:August 7, 1898 – July 31, 1900
75:July 31, 1900 – August 7, 1904
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313:José Manuel Marroquín was born in
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408:The second treaty was the one of
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1151:19th-century Colombian novelists
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415:The third treaty was the one of
343:Academia Colombiana de la Lengua
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1116:Major Seminary of Bogotá alumni
1131:Leaders who took power by coup
1121:19th-century Colombian lawyers
331:Colegio Mayor de San Bartolomé
170:José Manuel Marroquín Ricaurte
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363:Colombian Conservative Party
23:, the first or paternal
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1126:Vice presidents of Colombia
949:Vice Presidents of Colombia
538:, accessed October 3, 2006.
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666:Manuel Antonio Sanclemente
580:Manuel Antonio Sanclemente
560:Vice President of Colombia
379:Manuel Antonio Sanclemente
127:Manuel Antonio Sanclemente
106:Vice President of Colombia
86:Manuel Antonio Sanclemente
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1156:19th-century male writers
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1004:Francisco Santos Calderón
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16:4th President of Colombia
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252:Colegio de San Bartolomé
1101:Politicians from Bogotá
980:Ramón González Valencia
800:Alfonso López Michelsen
794:Misael Pastrana Borrero
782:Guillermo León Valencia
690:Carlos Eugenio Restrepo
684:Ramón González Valencia
570:Ramón González Valencia
532:APUNTES AUTOBIOGRÁFICOS
457:“Tomás Herrán-John Hay"
421:Ramón González Valencia
234:Matilde Osorio Ricaurte
151:Ramón González Valencia
1136:Presidents of Colombia
1111:Colombian male writers
788:Carlos Lleras Restrepo
776:Alberto Lleras Camargo
748:Alfonso López Pumarejo
742:Eduardo Santos Montejo
732:Alfonso López Pumarejo
636:Presidents of Colombia
992:Carlos Lemos Simmonds
974:José Manuel Marroquín
818:Virgilio Barco Vargas
770:Gustavo Rojas Pinilla
726:Enrique Olaya Herrera
672:José Manuel Marroquín
587:President of Colombia
361:Marroquín joined the
63:President of Colombia
42:José Manuel Marroquín
1016:Germán Vargas Lleras
986:Humberto De la Calle
758:Mariano Ospina Pérez
720:Miguel Abadía Méndez
367:Republic of Colombia
1028:Marta Lucía Ramírez
968:Miguel Antonio Caro
696:José Vicente Concha
660:Miguel Antonio Caro
347:Miguel Antonio Caro
337:Professional career
139:Miguel Antonio Caro
852:Juan Manuel Santos
812:Belisario Betancur
806:Julio César Turbay
702:Marco Fidel Suárez
545:Political offices
433:Theodore Roosevelt
351:José María Vergara
327:Seminary of Bogotá
200:September 19, 1908
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146:Succeeded by
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93:Succeeded by
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21:Spanish name
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1000:(1998-2002)
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970:(1894–1898)
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838:(1998–2002)
832:(1994–1998)
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778:(1958–1962)
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698:(1914–1918)
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686:(1909–1910)
680:(1904–1909)
674:(1900–1904)
668:(1898–1900)
662:(1894–1898)
656:(1887–1894)
417:“Chinácota”
410:“Wisconsin”
395:"Nerlandia"
383:coup d’état
345:along with
263:(planter),
134:Preceded by
81:Preceded by
1090:Categories
862:Iván Duque
591:1900-1904
564:1898–1900
465:References
321:Early life
279:Profession
273:politician
257:Occupation
248:Alma mater
176:1827-08-06
866:2018–2022
856:2010–2018
846:2002–2010
752:1942–1946
736:1934–1938
452:Nicaragua
403:Magdalena
123:President
114:In office
71:In office
29:Marroquín
1055:Category
897:Category
442:and the
440:Atlantic
303:Colombia
269:educator
239:Children
215:Colombia
191:Colombia
104:3rd
61:4th
33:Ricaurte
19:In this
1065:Commons
444:Pacific
399:Bolívar
25:surname
429:Panamá
315:Bogotá
283:Lawyer
265:writer
261:Farmer
231:Spouse
207:Bogotá
183:Bogotá
1075:List
907:List
401:and
349:and
197:Died
166:Born
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