364:'s division which Jervis had posted to watch Cádiz and passed into the Mediterranean Sea. He collected seven ships at Cartagena and cruised as far as Corsica, but did not attack the British squadron lying in San Fiorenzo Bay. He proceeded to Toulon, where the combined Franco-Spanish fleet, totalling 38 ships of the line, heavily outnumbered the British Mediterranean squadron, which had lost a third of its strength after Mann precipitately fled back to the English Channel. The French and Spanish navies' success in joining up in this way caused the Admiralty in London to order the Royal Navy to evacuate both Corsica and the Mediterranean.
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had acquired a poor opinion of
Spanish seamen when he visited the port of Cádiz on his way to the Mediterranean, which is not surprising as the Spanish mercantile marine was so small that only about 10 per cent of the Spanish Navy's crewmen were experienced seamen. At Toulon, these tensions made it
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were sent to destroy the arsenal and the ships in the harbour. It was Lángara who conducted the rear-guard action, in which his men blew up the arsenal and refloated a number of warships, later sent to
Britain. Hood was able to get fifteen French ships out of Toulon before the fall of the city. On
263:; but the French authorities, who knew well enough about Rodney's departure and strength, failed to warn the Spanish, who maintained Lángara's fatal orders until it was too late. He and his crews could not prevent the British from capturing five of their own number, while the 70-gun
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at a young age, in 1750, as a
Guardiamarina, Lángara quickly distinguished himself in various wars. From 1766 until 1771 he made several scientific expeditions, among others, three voyages to the
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was heavily wounded, a
Spanish lieutenant general called Valdez asserted his own claim to overall command of the allied force. In support of that claim, Lángara moved his three-decker
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391:, 1st Marqués de la Victoria (for his victory over Sir John Byng at Cape Sicié, in 1744) and daughter of the renowned explorer and naval officer
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His wife, Doña María
Lutgarda, the 2nd Marquésa del Real Transporte y de la Victoria, whom he had married in 1758 was the granddaughter of Don
407:, Canada, and, in their charts, named some land formations after him. His name is still found among place names in BC, including
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Reports of Cases Argued and
Determined in the Court of King's Bench: 19th–21st 1778–1781 years of the reign of George III
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During Lángara's period at the head of the
Spanish navy, Spanish explorers were charting the coast of what is now
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on a scientific expedition, which led to several important discoveries with regards to pilotage and navigation.
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respectively, during the winter 1779–80, Lángara was left in command of a small squadron of 11, mostly smaller
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with two other three-deckers on her bow and quarter. Hood, however, resisted this attempted intimidation.
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304:(August–December). The mutual cooperation between the two sides was marked by tension and suspicion.
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360:, and sailed from Cádiz with nineteen ships of the line and ten frigates, escaped past Rear-Admiral
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236:, the only Royal Navy ship lost during the failed expedition. When the combined fleet wintered at
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379:. In 1797, he was appointed Inspector-General of the navy. Retiring in 1799, he died in 1806.
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blew up during the early evening. Lángara surrendered at 2 a.m. with his flagship, the 80-gun
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Released from captivity soon afterwards, Lángara's career did not suffer. By 1793 he was a
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248:. With this he faced the entire naval strength of 18 battleships and 6 frigates under
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Before Toulon was evacuated, British and
Spanish incendiary parties commanded by Sir
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of the
Spanish fleet, after serving for a time as an effective naval minister.
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Lángara's intention had been to intercept a
British convoy destined for the
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family. His father was admiral Juan de Langara Arizmendi, who fought as
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The Moonlight Battle or Battle off Cabo Santa María – 16 January 1780
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Court of King's Bench; Glenbervie, Baron Sylvester Douglas (1813),
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Muñoz, Francisco José Díaz y Díaz y Luis Alberto Gómez (1999).
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and the China Sea, and made several important contributions in
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Navigational Enterprises in Europe and its Empires, 1730–1850
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Spanish military personnel of the American Revolutionary War
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Higgitt, Rebekah; Dunn, Richard; Jones, Peter (2016-02-19).
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Fleet Battle and Blockade, The French Revolutionary Wars
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Biografías de los Grandes Marinos al servicio de España
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419:, which was founded in 1970, as the Langara campus of
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had been concluded, in 1795, Lángara co-operated with
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He was born at Coruña, Galicia, the son of a renowned
333:, after 6 hours of chase aboard the ship of the line
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difficult to defend the newly-captured arsenal. When
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423:, and obtained the status of an independent public
273:, completely battered. This battle is known as the
640:Military leaders of the French Revolutionary Wars
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507:Court of King's Bench, Glenbervie 1813, p. 539.
28: and the second or maternal family name is
344:For a short while, after the alliance between
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317:flagship into a position broadside on to HMS
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367:The same year he was once again appointed
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296:, with 18 Spanish ships-of-the-line, in
256:, in the afternoon of 16 January 1780.
130:
612:
518:"British privateer 'Winchcomb' (1779)"
489:from the original on December 27, 2013
483:"Historia del navío de línea Poderoso"
337:he captured the 32-gun French frigate
524:from the original on October 15, 2014
232:, capturing the British corvette HMS
411:, off the coast of northern BC, and
206:. In 1774 he commanded the frigate
13:
584:
172:
163:Juan Francisco de Lángara y Huarte
14:
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215:Anglo-Spanish War (1779–83)
464:from the original on 2022-07-14
252:off the stormy, dark cliffs of
598:Trafalgar and the Spanish Navy
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1:
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645:Captain generals of the Navy
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300:the French naval arsenal of
51:Portrait by unknown artist,
39:Don Juan de Lángara y Huarte
20:, the first or paternal
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625:People from Galicia (Spain)
421:Vancouver Community College
190:(Teniente de Navío) at the
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165:(1736 – 1806) was a
150:Action of 14 February 1795
126:Battle of Cape St. Vincent
116:American Revolutionary War
111:Second Cevallos expedition
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569:Gardiner, Robert (2001).
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288:French Revolutionary Wars
140:French Revolutionary Wars
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98:Admiral (Capitán Generál)
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596:Harbron, John D (1988).
566:(4 ed.), Reed and Hunter
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358:Italian campaign of 1796
228:and participated in the
169:officer and politician.
549:Gardiner 2001, p. 86.
194:. Having entered the
53:Museo Naval de Madrid
630:People from A Coruña
602:Saarinen A. (2003).
393:Don Antonio de Úlloa
377:Counsellor of State
261:relief of Gibraltar
520:. Threedecks.org.
369:Secretary of State
292:In 1793 he joined
220:By 1778, he was a
485:. Todoababor.es.
389:Juan José Navarro
250:Sir George Rodney
246:ships of the line
192:Battle of Minorca
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104:Battles/wars
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18:Spanish name
655:1736 births
620:1806 deaths
375:and made a
356:during his
335:Reina Luisa
315:Reina Luisa
204:cartography
200:Philippines
614:Categories
557:References
468:2020-12-06
208:La Rosalia
188:lieutenant
178:Early life
84:Allegiance
427:in 1994.
417:Vancouver
399:Namesakes
298:capturing
234:Winchcomb
226:Commodore
222:Brigadier
528:July 26,
522:Archived
493:July 26,
487:Archived
462:Archived
371:for the
354:Napoleon
16:In this
425:college
319:Victory
311:Gravina
128: (
26:Lángara
22:surname
577:
454:
383:Family
346:France
339:Helène
302:Toulon
184:Basque
78:Madrid
66:Coruña
30:Huarte
606:. TBA
431:Notes
350:Spain
270:Fénix
242:Cádiz
238:Brest
88:Spain
575:ISBN
530:2014
495:2014
452:ISBN
373:Navy
362:Mann
348:and
240:and
94:Rank
75:1806
72:Died
63:1736
60:Born
415:in
224:or
131:POW
24:is
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538:^
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32:.
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