380:
1400:
419:, infant mortality and the deaths of mothers during childbirth. He also said he regretted not having been able to "attract major job-producing industries to the city." Regarding the criminal cases, Gibson observed that "a public figure of note" is often a target of prosecutors seeking advancement, "whether or not we should be." But "when the history books are written, Ken Gibson's name will be there," he said, adding that he did not think "anyone will remember" the
33:
316:
wrote, "We will nationalize the city's institutions, as if it were liberated territory in
Zimbabwe or Angola." Gibson himself said, "Wherever American cities are going, Newark will get there first". Gibson entered and with his new city council "challenged the corporate sector's tax arrangements and
350:
After 16 years under Gibson, the city’s unemployment rate had risen nearly 50 percent, its population had continued dropping, it had no movie theaters, only one supermarket remained, and only two-thirds of its high school students were graduating. In 1986, fellow
Democratic challenger,
363:
After unsuccessful runs in 1981 and 1985 for the
Democratic nomination for New Jersey governor, he was defeated as well in his bid for a fifth consecutive term as mayor by Councilman Sharpe James. Gibson then ran an engineering consulting business until 1998, when he said that
304:
Combined with forces of suburbanization and racial tensions, the city encountered problems similar to those of other major industrial cities of the North and
Midwest in the 1960s - increasing poverty and dysfunction for families left without employment. The city was scarred by
254:), but financial challenges forced him to drop out of school after a few months in school to work in a factory, serve in the military and later work for the New Jersey Highway Department, completing his engineering degree in 1963 by taking night classes.
278:. At the time Gibson noted that "Newark may be the most decayed and financially crippled city in the nation." He entered office as a reformer, alleging that the prior administration was corrupt. Later that same year, Mayor Addonizio was convicted of
329:, and other huge corporations that run in and around and through and out of Newark paying little or no taxes" while the residents were ignored. Corporate and state interests had major influence in the city. He was reelected in 1974.
320:
By 1974, Gibson had alienated some of his supporters in his efforts to keep businesses from leaving the city. Amiri Baraka then labeled him a "neo-colonialist" and complained that Gibson was "for the profit of
1431:
1943:
978:
1004:
262:
Gibson worked as an engineer for the New Jersey
Highway Department from 1950 to 1960. From 1960 to 1966, he was chief engineer for the Newark Housing Authority, and chief
1424:
1041:
289:
Gibson was also a representative of the city's large
African-American population, many of whom were migrants or whose parents or grandparents had come North in the
1893:
250:, where he played with a dance band after school to bring in income needed for his family. Gibson studied civil engineering at Newark College of Engineering (now
1933:
1417:
1888:
467:, May 14, 1970. Accessed March 27, 2018. "While attending Central High School, Mr. Gibson played the saxophone in a dance band to help support the family."
415:, Gibson said his "most gratifying" mayoral accomplishment had been improving Newark's health services, leading to a reduction in the city's high rates of
1938:
91:
1953:
1948:
1908:
593:
1928:
1918:
1059:
1022:
1063:
1026:
623:
1913:
918:
892:
1174:
1111:
326:
1923:
247:
503:
478:
1214:
1898:
665:
227:
458:
1134:
216:
840:
761:
735:
344:
813:
787:
274:
Emerging from a crowded six-candidate field, Gibson was elected in a runoff election in 1970, defeating incumbent mayor
1441:
333:
290:
251:
196:
573:
546:
1802:
1324:
1234:
1204:
710:
691:
212:
186:
1777:
944:
1167:
1903:
309:
in 1967, three years before Gibson took office. Many businesses and residents left the city after the riots.
601:
434:
Gibson died in West Orange, New Jersey, on March 29, 2019, at the age of 86. Funeral services were held at
1096:
343:
Award for
Greatest Public Service by an Elected or Appointed Official, an award given out annually by the
1269:
979:"Ken Gibson, Newark's trailblazing mayor and the first black mayor of a major Northeast city, dies at 86"
1005:"Trailblazing African-American mayor laid to rest. He 'smashed that ceiling' for all of us, Booker says"
1832:
1807:
1622:
1409:
398:. Gibson went to trial the following year, but a jury failed to reach a unanimous decision, and thus a
231:
126:
1399:
1752:
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1812:
1627:
1329:
369:
1602:
1512:
1284:
1209:
175:
1199:
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since the 1950s cost tens of thousands of jobs when
African Americans were still arriving from
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866:
8:
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538:
Revolutionaries to Race
Leaders: Black Power and the Making of African American Politics
317:
pushed business interests to take a more active and responsible role in the community."
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463:
420:
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243:
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669:
643:
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In May 2019, Broad Street in Newark was designated Mayor
Kenneth A. Gibson Boulevard.
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Gibson's election was seen by some in almost prophetic terms. Poet and playwright
1852:
1787:
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1697:
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1537:
1502:
1482:
1309:
1254:
1239:
1042:"Late mayor, 1st black leader in N.J., gets a permanent honor from city he loved"
379:
48:
919:"Prosecutors Outline Fraud Case Against Ex-Mayor of Newark - The New York Times"
1857:
1847:
1822:
1797:
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1737:
1702:
1682:
1652:
1642:
1572:
1562:
1557:
1547:
1522:
1507:
1274:
628:
521:
423:
275:
71:
1872:
1767:
1747:
1692:
1647:
1612:
1607:
1577:
1359:
1249:
1224:
1106:
A Nation Within a Nation: Amiri Baraka (LeRoi Jones) and Black Power Politics
956:
893:"Newark's Ex-Mayor Admits Tax Evasion And Avoids Prison - The New York Times"
114:
1837:
1817:
1782:
1487:
1452:
1374:
1144:
416:
352:
313:
83:
1742:
1722:
1707:
1597:
1592:
1467:
1379:
1219:
1089:
403:
1439:
945:"Kenneth Gibson, 86, Dies; Newark Mayor Broke Race Barrier in Northeast"
1842:
1389:
867:"Four-Term Newark Leader Won't Second-Guess Mayor - The New York Times"
340:
1712:
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279:
394:
and for stealing funds from a school construction project in nearby
1152:
399:
355:, defeated Gibson in his attempt to be reelected for a fifth term.
332:
In 1976, Gibson became the first African-American president of the
301:
looking for better opportunities than in their former communities.
32:
1003:
NJ.com, Barry Carter | NJ Advance Media for (April 5, 2019).
211:(May 15, 1932 – March 29, 2019) was an American politician of the
565:
Ghetto Schooling: A Political Economy of Urban Educational Reform
402:
was declared. In November 2002, Gibson agreed to plead guilty to
391:
1040:
NJ.com, Karen Yi | NJ Advance Media for (May 18, 2019).
219:
1087:
Kleinknecht, William. "Gibson Gets Three Years Probation."
646:. The United States Conference of Mayors. November 23, 2016
1112:
Newark Archives Project Search Results for Kenneth Gibson
841:"New Jersey voters deal with politics touched by turmoil"
1108:. Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 1999.
336:. He served as president from 1976 until the next year.
711:"Mistrial For Ex-Mayor Of Newark - The New York Times"
293:. The city's industrial power had diminished sharply.
1944:
Presidents of the United States Conference of Mayors
476:
92:
President of the United States Conference of Mayors
788:"Ex-mayor accused of cheating Essex County school"
624:"Gibson Wins Re-election Over Imperiale in Newark"
1097:Dolan, Thomas, "Newark and Its Gateway Complex."
1870:
372:executive but lost in a close vote to incumbent
1894:Central High School (Newark, New Jersey) alumni
1934:New Jersey politicians convicted of corruption
1425:
1168:
762:"Former Newark mayor charged in school fraud"
668:. Jefferson Awards Foundation. Archived from
1058:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1021:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
504:"Newark Elects Kenneth Gibson, Negro, Mayor"
459:"No. 1 in Newark Vote; Kenneth Allen Gibson"
406:as long as the other charges were dropped.
1889:20th-century mayors of places in New Jersey
237:
1939:New Jersey politicians convicted of crimes
1432:
1418:
1175:
1161:
1062:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1025:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
470:
390:On July 24, 2000, Gibson was indicted for
339:In 1979, Gibson received the U.S. Senator
31:
1954:21st-century African-American politicians
1949:20th-century African-American politicians
1909:New Jersey Institute of Technology alumni
916:
890:
838:
708:
666:"National - Jefferson Awards Foundation"
568:. Teachers College Press. pp. xvi.
378:
1929:American politicians convicted of fraud
1919:American people convicted of tax crimes
917:Smothers, Ronald (September 26, 2001).
587:
585:
1871:
1039:
1002:
814:"Mistrial declared in ex-mayor's case"
709:Smothers, Ronald (November 29, 2001).
1914:African-American mayors in New Jersey
1413:
1156:
976:
942:
891:Smothers, Ronald (November 1, 2002).
864:
820:. Associated Press. November 29, 2001
561:
477:The Associated Press (May 13, 1970).
1182:
839:Strunsky, Steve (November 9, 2002).
582:
541:. U of Minnesota Press. p. 92.
61:July 1, 1970 – July 1, 1986
943:Fried, Joseph P. (March 31, 2019).
534:
429:
13:
1442:United States Conference of Mayors
1074:
865:Fried, Joseph (January 30, 2005).
612:– via Rutgers Newark Online.
368:to return to politics. He ran for
334:United States Conference of Mayors
252:New Jersey Institute of Technology
14:
1965:
692:"Cory Booker's Battle for Newark"
591:
269:
1398:
1082:Britannica Student Encyclopedia.
594:"Newark and Its Gateway Complex"
266:for the city from 1966 to 1970.
1924:People from Enterprise, Alabama
1033:
996:
970:
936:
910:
884:
858:
832:
806:
780:
754:
728:
702:
684:
257:
16:American politician (1932–2019)
658:
636:
616:
555:
528:
496:
451:
226:from 1970 to 1986. He was the
1:
736:"Ex-Newark mayor is indicted"
444:
358:
197:Newark College of Engineering
1899:Mayors of Newark, New Jersey
325:, Public (private) Service,
228:first African American mayor
7:
10:
1970:
232:Northeastern United States
1448:
1396:
1190:
1141:
1132:
1124:
1119:
479:"Negro Leads Newark Vote"
409:In a 2005 interview with
202:
192:
182:
165:
141:
136:
132:
120:
108:
97:
89:
77:
65:
54:
46:
42:
30:
23:
977:Staff (March 29, 2019).
238:Early life and education
483:The Evening Independent
230:of a major city in the
176:West Orange, New Jersey
387:
396:Irvington, New Jersey
382:
1904:New Jersey Democrats
698:. December 23, 2015.
672:on November 24, 2010
562:Anyon, Jean (1997).
509:St. Petersburg Times
436:Newark Symphony Hall
383:Statue of Gibson at
366:the timing was right
209:Kenneth Allen Gibson
146:Kenneth Allen Gibson
1093:, November 1, 2002.
1080:"Gibson, Kenneth."
792:Atlantic City Press
295:Deindustrialization
264:structural engineer
248:Central High School
159:Enterprise, Alabama
1440:Presidents of the
1120:Political offices
949:The New York Times
923:The New York Times
897:The New York Times
871:The New York Times
818:The Jersey Journal
715:The New York Times
464:The New York Times
438:on April 4, 2019.
412:The New York Times
388:
244:Newark, New Jersey
242:Gibson grew up in
224:Newark, New Jersey
1866:
1865:
1407:
1406:
1151:
1150:
1142:Succeeded by
1104:Woodard, Komozi.
740:Asbury Park Press
535:Johnson, Cedric.
206:
205:
1961:
1434:
1427:
1420:
1411:
1410:
1402:
1184:Mayors of Newark
1177:
1170:
1163:
1154:
1153:
1125:Preceded by
1117:
1116:
1068:
1067:
1057:
1049:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1020:
1012:
1000:
994:
993:
991:
989:
974:
968:
967:
965:
963:
940:
934:
933:
931:
929:
914:
908:
907:
905:
903:
888:
882:
881:
879:
877:
862:
856:
855:
853:
851:
836:
830:
829:
827:
825:
810:
804:
803:
801:
799:
784:
778:
777:
775:
773:
758:
752:
751:
749:
747:
732:
726:
725:
723:
721:
706:
700:
699:
688:
682:
681:
679:
677:
662:
656:
655:
653:
651:
640:
634:
633:
620:
614:
613:
611:
609:
604:on March 3, 2016
600:. Archived from
598:The Newark Metro
589:
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579:
559:
553:
552:
532:
526:
525:
519:
517:
500:
494:
493:
491:
489:
474:
468:
455:
430:Death and legacy
385:Newark City Hall
374:James Treffinger
345:Jefferson Awards
213:Democratic Party
172:
155:
153:
137:Personal details
123:
111:
102:
80:
68:
59:
35:
21:
20:
1969:
1968:
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1958:
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1868:
1867:
1862:
1444:
1438:
1408:
1403:
1394:
1186:
1181:
1147:
1138:
1135:Mayor of Newark
1130:
1077:
1075:Further reading
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1038:
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795:
794:. July 25, 2000
786:
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768:. July 25, 2000
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742:. July 25, 2000
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703:
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632:. May 15, 1974.
622:
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592:Dolan, Thomas.
590:
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560:
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512:. June 17, 1970
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424:his prosecutors
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291:Great Migration
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246:, and attended
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183:Political party
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66:
60:
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49:Mayor of Newark
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5:
1967:
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1823:M. J. Landrieu
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1813:Rawlings-Blake
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1613:M. E. Landrieu
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1128:Hugh Addonizio
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1099:Rutgers Online
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629:New York Times
615:
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524:Wire Services.
522:New York Times
495:
469:
449:
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446:
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431:
428:
360:
357:
327:Port Authority
276:Hugh Addonizio
271:
270:Mayoral career
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173:(aged 86)
169:March 29, 2019
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72:Hugh Addonizio
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52:
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37:Gibson in 1985
36:
28:
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25:Kenneth Gibson
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122:Succeeded by
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1884:2019 deaths
1879:1932 births
1758:Plusquellic
1718:R. M. Daley
1528:R. J. Daley
1330:Breidenbach
1090:Star-Ledger
404:tax evasion
110:Preceded by
67:Preceded by
1873:Categories
1543:Celebrezze
1473:La Guardia
1345:Ellenstein
1295:Lebkuecher
1230:Vanderpool
1139:1970–1986
445:References
359:Later life
341:John Heinz
323:Prudential
307:race riots
284:conspiracy
187:Democratic
152:1932-05-15
1743:M. Morial
1728:Corradini
1663:E. Morial
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1583:Maltester
1563:Blaisdell
1365:Addonizio
1340:Congleton
1325:Archibald
1310:Haussling
957:0362-4331
299:the South
280:extortion
193:Education
104:1976–1977
100:In office
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1703:Abramson
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1568:Cavanagh
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421:names of
400:mistrial
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1853:Schieve
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457:Staff.
392:bribery
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1843:Whaley
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1350:Murphy
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1290:Haynes
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1240:Quinby
1235:Miller
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1205:Miller
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220:mayor
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1733:Webb
1713:Rice
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1588:Tate
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1285:Lang
1064:link
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