1418:
1604:
558:
1482:
70:
1262:
863:
700:
1170:
33:
1519:
1387:. The radio messages did not mention that the High Seas Fleet with fourteen dreadnoughts and eight predreadnoughts would reinforce Hipper. The ships of both sides departed their bases on 15 December, with the British intending to ambush the German ships on their return voyage. They mustered the six dreadnoughts of the 2nd Battle Squadron, including the three surviving
1505:
concurred and stipulated that the Grand Fleet would not sortie unless the German fleet was attempting an invasion of
Britain or there was a strong possibility it could be forced into an engagement under suitable conditions. Along with the rest of the Grand Fleet, they sortied on the afternoon of 23
1429:
early on the morning of 31 May 1916 in support of Hipper's battlecruisers which were to act as bait. Room 40 had intercepted and decrypted German radio traffic containing plans of the operation, so the
Admiralty ordered the Grand Fleet to sortie the night before to cut off and destroy the High Seas
943:
The four armoured decks ranged in thickness from 1 to 4 inches (25 to 102 mm) with the greater thicknesses outside the central armoured citadel. The front and sides of the conning tower were protected by 11-inch plates, although the roof was 3 inches thick. The gunnery control tower behind and
1319:. This grand battle was slow to happen, however, because of the Germans' reluctance to commit their battleships against the superior British force. As a result, the Grand Fleet spent its time training in the North Sea, punctuated by the occasional mission to intercept a German raid or major fleet
939:
connected the waterline and upper armour belts to the 'A' and 'Y' barbettes. The exposed faces of the barbettes were protected by armour 9 to 10 inches thick above the main deck that thinned to 3β7 inches (76β178 mm) below it. The gun turrets had 11-inch (279 mm) faces sides with 3- to
1403:, commander of the High Seas Fleet, ordered his ships to turn away, concerned about the possibility of a massed attack by British destroyers in the dawn's light. A series of miscommunications and mistakes by the British allowed Hipper's ships to avoid an engagement with Beatty's forces.
1492:
The Grand Fleet sortied on 18 August 1916 to ambush the High Seas Fleet while it advanced into the southern North Sea, but a series of miscommunications and mistakes prevented
Jellicoe from intercepting the German fleet before it returned to port. Two light cruisers were sunk by German
815:
class were some of the first battleships in the RN to receive the full suite of fire-control equipment used during the First World War. The control position for the main armament was located in the conning tower. Data from a 9-foot (2.7 m) coincidence rangefinder (an unstabilized
774:
in the side of the hull abreast of the forward main gun turrets, all in single mounts. The guns in the hull casemates were frequently unusable in heavy seas and were later removed during the war. The Mark VII guns had a maximum elevation of +15Β° which gave them a range of 11,400 yards
885:
on the dispersion of the shells. The weight of the director and the enlarged spotting top proved to be more than the unsupported foremast could bear, and it had to be reinforced when the directors were installed in 1913β1914 on the roof of the spotting top. The mast of
1506:
April 1918 after radio transmissions revealed that the High Seas Fleet was at sea after a failed attempt to intercept the regular
British convoy to Norway. The Germans were too far ahead of the British to be caught, and no shots were fired. The sisters were present at
683:). During their sea trials, the ships exceeded their designed speed and horsepower, reaching a maximum of 22.9 knots (42.4 km/h; 26.4 mph). They carried a maximum of 3,100 long tons (3,150 t) of coal and an additional 840 long tons (853 t) of
1398:
The screening forces of each side blundered into each other during the early morning darkness and heavy weather of 16 December. The
Germans got the better of the initial exchange of fire, severely damaging several British destroyers, but Admiral
983:
around the same time. By April 1917, the ships had exchanged a 4-inch AA gun for one of the 3-inch guns and the four 4-inch guns in the hull casemates had been removed. The stern torpedo tube was removed during 1917β1918 and one or two
858:
data for use by the guns. The target's data was also graphically recorded on a plotting table to assist the gunnery officer in predicting the movement of the target. As a backup, two turrets in each ship could take over if necessary.
1649:, she was rearmed with light weapons and was converted into a blockship in 1941. In preparation for that operation (subsequently cancelled), she was modified into a decoy with dummy gun turrets in an attempt to fool the
931:, but did not reach the bow or stern. The belt covered the side of the hull from 16 feet 10.5 inches (5.1 m) above the waterline to 3 feet 4 inches (1.0 m) below it. Above this was a
662:
were coupled to the high-pressure turbines in the outer engine rooms and these exhausted into low-pressure turbines in the centre engine room which drove the inner shafts. The turbines used steam provided by 18
2351:
846:
replacing the Dreyer-Elphinstone model in the Mark III) located in the transmitting station located on the main deck. Wind speed and direction was called down to the transmitting station by either
770:
guns of the secondary armament was re-arranged to improve fire distribution ahead. Eight of these were mounted in the forward superstructure, four in the aft superstructure, and four in
873:
Fire-control technology advanced quickly during the years immediately preceding World War I, and the development of the director firing system was a major advance. This consisted of a
2192:. History of the Great War: Based on Official Documents. Vol. III (Second ed.). London and Nashville, Tennessee: Imperial War Museum in association with the Battery Press.
747:, the loading machinery of these turrets was modified to accommodate longer and heavier 1,400-pound (635 kg) projectiles, some 150 pounds (68 kg) more than those of the
894:, but the other three ships received half-height tripod legs. The former ship's mast was rebuilt into a full-height tripod in 1918. Available sources do not acknowledge that
2476:
3478:
775:(10,424 m). They fired 31-pound (14.1 kg) projectiles at a muzzle velocity of 2,821 ft/s (860 m/s). They were provided with 150 rounds per gun. Four
1560:
followed in early 1920, although she spent a lot of time in reserve in Malta. The sisters played minor roles in the Allied intervention in the
Russian Civil War in the
3471:
1497:
during the operation, prompting
Jellicoe to decide to not risk the major units of the fleet south of 55Β° 30' North due to the prevalence of German submarines and
1637:
was demilitarized by the removal of her armament and was converted into a radio-controlled target ship. In addition to being used as a target for surface ships,
3883:
881:, which the turret crewmen only had to follow. The guns were fired simultaneously, which aided in spotting the shell splashes and minimised the effects of the
1339:
in
November. This forced the ship to be intermittently withdrawn from operations over the next several months while the condensers had their tubes replaced.
2561:
2469:
1576:
occurred later that month and evacuated some refugees when she sailed for permanent repairs at Malta. Her sisters were in
Turkish waters during the
960:
with thicknesses ranging from 1 to 1.75 inches (25 to 44 mm). The boiler uptakes were protected by 1β1.5-inch (25β38 mm) armour plates.
3873:
975:
were installed aboard each ship. About 80 long tons (81 t) of additional deck armour was added after the Battle of
Jutland in May 1916 and
1552:
until that unit was disbanded later that year. The ship then became flagship of the Reserve Fleet and served until late 1920. In the meantime,
2462:
609:
gases from the boilers made the spotting top on the foremast completely unworkable when the forward boilers were alight and that the upper
412:
1657:
was sent to the Mediterranean in 1942 to escort a convoy to Malta, although the Italians may have figured out the deception. The ship was
2594:
1110:
1584:
was the first of the trio to return home in early 1923 and she served a training ship until she was sold for scrap at the end of 1926.
1348:
1200:
381:
830:
units in the other ships) on the roof of the conning tower, together with the target's speed and course information, was input into a
869:
at anchor, June 1919. The director is visible on the roof of the spotting top as are the flying-off platforms on 'B' and 'X' turrets.
617:
class also used the same arrangement and they were altered while under construction to remedy the problem at a cost of approximately
429:
in 1923 but the other two were placed into reserve again upon their return the following year. The imminent completion of the two
3878:
1592:
followed in April 1924, although they were placed in reserve, with the latter serving as the flagship of the Reserve Fleet. Like
1556:
had been transferred to 4th Battle Squadron of the Mediterranean Fleet by mid-1919 and sometimes served as the Fleet's flagship.
1469:
frequently blocked their views of the German ships. Coupled with the visibility problems from the smoke and mist, none of the
2279:
2257:
2238:
2219:
2080:
Brooks, John (1995). "The Mast and Funnel Question: Fire-control Positions in British Dreadnoughts". In Roberts, John (ed.).
20:
2809:
1549:
1450:
1446:
835:
649:
357:
944:
above the conning tower had 4-inch sides and the torpedo-control tower aft had 6-inch sides and a 3-inch roof. Unlike the
1465:
at the battlecruisers of the I Scouting Group without effect early in the battle, but the manoeuvers of their escorting
1858:
1315:
Jellicoe. According to pre-war doctrine, the role of the Grand Fleet was to fight a decisive battle against the German
1457:
in anticipation of encountering the High Seas Fleet, this naturally placed the 2nd Battle Squadron at the head of the
3306:
2926:
2432:
2413:
2391:
2361:
2298:
2197:
2175:
2156:
2137:
2108:
2089:
2070:
2448:
900:
was fitted with a director before her loss, but photographic evidence clearly shows one visible as she was sinking.
3704:
2885:
2843:
2816:
2767:
2325:
877:
mounted high in the ship which electrically provided elevation and training angles to the turrets via pointer on a
940:
4-inch roofs. The guns in the forward superstructure were protected by armour 3β3.5 inches (76β89 mm) thick.
721:
3014:
3007:
2587:
1323:. While the 2nd Battle Squadron was conducting gunnery training off the northern coast of Ireland on 27 October,
1568:
joined them in the 4th Battle Squadron in early 1921. After striking a rock in early September 1922, she was in
3412:
3387:
3315:
3292:
3285:
2961:
2919:
2231:
Naval Weapons of World War One: Guns, Torpedoes, Mines and ASW Weapons of All Nations; An Illustrated Directory
3586:
3402:
3362:
3073:
3028:
1392:
1219:
1425:
In an attempt to lure out and destroy a portion of the Grand Fleet, the German High Seas Fleet departed the
988:
were fitted aboard each ship in 1918; these were mounted on turret roofs and extended onto the gun barrels.
874:
3581:
3357:
3299:
2899:
2746:
1362:
2274:. Publications of the Navy Records Society. Vol. 158. Farnham: Ashgate for the Navy Records Society.
691:(10,950β11,690 km; 6,800β7,260 mi) at a cruising speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).
3868:
3392:
2968:
2864:
2753:
1246:
on 24 June 1913. The sisters represented the Royal Navy during the celebrations of the re-opening of the
724:
275:
3397:
2954:
2892:
2835:
2802:
2580:
2545:
1502:
767:
281:
98:
1421:
Maps showing the manoeuvres of the British (blue) and German (red) fleets on 31 May β 1 June 1916
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3519:
3512:
3485:
3068:
2850:
1445:
of four dreadnoughts each. The two divisions of the 2nd Battle Squadron were on his left (east), the
1336:
1307:. After the British declaration of war on Germany on 4 August, the Home Fleet was reorganised as the
1215:
1025:
570:
495:, although the Italians quickly figured out the deception. The ship was deliberately sunk during the
2572:
3632:
3526:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3407:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3230:
3189:
2933:
2857:
2823:
2499:
1038:
821:
771:
420:
389:
621:
20,000 per ship. The fore funnel was moved aft and a makeshift foremast was built from one of the
3591:
3492:
3446:
3377:
3216:
3182:
2878:
2871:
1619:
1615:
1441:, on the morning of 31 May, he organised the main body of the Grand Fleet in parallel columns of
855:
851:
784:
634:
461:
430:
287:
380:
and sank. Aside from participating in the failed attempt to intercept the German ships that had
3382:
3367:
3244:
3237:
3168:
3154:
3000:
2774:
2739:
2536:
2099:
Brooks, John (1996). "Percy Scott and the Director". In McLean, David; Antony, Preston (eds.).
1400:
776:
732:
516:
500:
341:
148:
85:
687:
that was sprayed on the coal to increase its burn rate. This gave them a range of 5,910β6,310
3767:
3417:
3372:
3223:
3175:
3126:
3119:
3092:
3048:
3021:
2719:
972:
920:
557:
349:
3799:
3794:
3697:
3614:
3561:
3540:
3533:
3258:
3251:
3196:
3161:
3112:
2986:
2795:
2642:
2520:
2506:
1573:
1481:
1358:
1312:
1304:
1270:
1247:
1133:
1076:
957:
936:
895:
752:
496:
451:
37:
1603:
8:
3760:
3147:
3140:
3133:
3085:
2993:
2656:
2635:
1235:
1087:
718:
676:
539:
408:
1239:
668:
211:
3753:
3746:
3739:
3734:
3727:
2760:
2705:
2698:
2684:
2621:
1261:
1211:
878:
638:
523:
862:
751:, at a muzzle velocity of about 2,500 feet per second (760 m/s) at a rate of two
3609:
3554:
3547:
3504:
3104:
2677:
2428:
2409:
2387:
2357:
2335:
2329:
2313:
2294:
2275:
2253:
2234:
2215:
2193:
2171:
2152:
2133:
2104:
2085:
2066:
1417:
1412:
854:. The fire-control table integrated all the data and converted it into elevation and
792:
664:
610:
385:
205:
2250:
Before Jutland: The Naval War in Northern European Waters, August 1914βFebruary 1915
1169:
3464:
3278:
2947:
2691:
2649:
2613:
2609:
2347:
1666:
1646:
1453:
on the right. When Jellicoe ordered the Grand Fleet to deploy to the left and form
1442:
1384:
1380:
1227:
969:
949:
928:
731:, designated 'A', 'B', 'Q', 'X' and 'Y' from front to rear. The guns had a maximum
468:
2454:
3422:
3270:
3080:
2978:
2712:
2670:
2513:
2267:
2207:
1847:
1433:
Once Jellicoe's ships had rendezvoused with the 2nd Battle Squadron, coming from
1316:
1103:
1050:
817:
671:(20,000 kW) and were intended to give the battleships a maximum speed of 21
659:
602:
584:
531:
441:
393:
3786:
3776:
2940:
2401:
2185:
2118:
1544:
The sisters remained with the 2nd Battle Squadron into early 1919, after which
1458:
1083:
1068:
985:
935:
of 9-inch (229 mm) armour. The fore and aft oblique 10-inch (254 mm)
740:
699:
680:
618:
594:
527:
175:
1299:. Afterwards, they were ordered to proceed with the rest of the Home Fleet to
3862:
3722:
3208:
3060:
3040:
2911:
2317:
1577:
1529:
1466:
1375:
1140:
827:
688:
655:
630:
590:
581:
492:
447:
426:
416:
404:
253:
229:
2425:
Jutland: The German Perspective: A New View of the Great Battle, 31 May 1916
2339:
1327:
struck a mine and sank; all of her crew was successfully rescued before she
3714:
3456:
2663:
2371:
2353:
Castles of Steel: Britain, Germany, and the Winning of the Great War at Sea
2063:
Dreadnought Gunnery and the Battle of Jutland: The Question of Fire Control
1292:
980:
882:
788:
780:
763:
652:
551:
535:
290:
1994:
Halpern 2011, pp. 278β279, 287, 302, 304, 306, 325, 345, 378, 385, 401β402
573:
1915, before the mast was moved forward of the funnel in the latter ships.
32:
3573:
2731:
2628:
1662:
1642:
1462:
1454:
1308:
1296:
1277:
1274:
953:
843:
766:
attacked more frequently from the frontal arc, so the sixteen 50-calibre
672:
626:
457:
365:
353:
310:
241:
2386:(New & rev. ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
1650:
1498:
1426:
1366:
1300:
1177:
1144:
1054:
916:
735:
of +20Β° which gave them a range of 23,830 yards (21,790 m). Their
728:
546:(25,830 t) at normal load and 27,120 long tons (27,560 t) at
484:
377:
361:
345:
316:
304:
256:(11,690 km; 7,260 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph)
75:
3624:
3329:
2602:
1561:
1255:
1197:
1193:
1020:
913:
847:
759:
577:
547:
476:
397:
1510:, Scotland, when the German fleet surrendered there on 21 November.
1342:
2788:
1658:
1533:
1438:
1434:
1328:
1243:
1114:
924:
831:
743:
were installed by 1916 to allow full elevation. In contrast to the
736:
684:
613:
could easily be rendered uninhabitable, depending on the wind. The
598:
543:
369:
322:
215:
159:
2404:(1985). "Great Britain and Empire Forces". In Gray, Randal (ed.).
1618:
permitted them to keep the three sisters in service until the two
1518:
927:. It reduced to 2.5β6 inches (64β152 mm) outside the central
3601:
2451:
Technical material on the weaponry and fire control for the ships
1354:
1206:
and she was under repair until March 1913. All four ships of the
923:
that was 12 inches (305 mm) thick between the fore and rear
800:
2331:
The Grand Fleet, 1914β1916: Its Creation, Development, and Work
1735:. Admiralty, Gunnery Branch. 1916. pp. 4, 29β31, 106, 109.
1569:
1507:
1494:
1370:
1320:
1188:
While conducting her sea trials on the night of 9/10 December,
1174:
932:
891:
2408:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 1β104.
1303:
to safeguard the fleet from a possible surprise attack by the
1537:
796:
622:
480:
163:
1473:
were able to fire more than 19 rounds from their main guns.
1641:
was used to evaluate the effectiveness of various types of
1251:
606:
396:
generally consisted of routine patrols and training in the
526:
and improved fire-control arrangements. The ships had an
1295:
and fleet review as part of the British response to the
475:
was rearmed with light weapons and was converted into a
834:
mechanical computer and electrically transmitted to a
783:
were also carried. The ships were equipped with three
739:, however, were limited to +15Β° until super-elevating
511:
Ordered as part of the 1910β1911 Naval Programme, the
2384:
1950: A History of Design, Construction, and Armament
1254:, Germany, 23β30 June 1914, held in conjunction with
1210:
class were assigned to the 2nd Battle Squadron upon
2484:
2103:. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 150β170.
1391:s, and the four battlecruisers of Vice-Admiral Sir
348:(RN) in the early 1910s that were sometimes termed
1816:Burt, pp. 179β180; Friedman 2015, pp. 198β199, 206
755:per minute. The ships carried 100 shells per gun.
491:was sent to the Mediterranean in 1942 to escort a
411:in 1920β1921 where they played minor roles in the
403:The three surviving ships were briefly reduced to
2603:British naval ship classes of the First World War
2562:List of dreadnought battleships of the Royal Navy
2406:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906β1921
2084:. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 40β60.
1373:in mid-December using the four battlecruisers of
1343:Bombardment of Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby
633:was removed, the conning tower enlarged, and the
538:of 28 feet 8 inches (8.7 m). They
530:of 597 feet 9 inches (182.2 m), a
3860:
1792:Progress in Naval Gunnery, 1914β1918 ADM 186/238
727:in five hydraulically powered, centreline, twin-
534:of 90 feet 1 inch (27.5 m) and a
522:with additional armour, a revised layout of the
1665:in June 1944 to form a breakwater to protect a
1572:, Turkey, receiving temporary repairs when the
515:class was an enlarged version of the preceding
2293:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
2252:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
2170:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
2151:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
1794:. Admiralty, Gunnery Branch. 1919. p. 37.
1359:intercepted and decrypted German radio traffic
842:and Mark II Tables in the others with an Argo
550:. Their crew numbered around 869 officers and
460:to comply with the tonnage limitations of the
419:of 1922. The first ship to return to Britain,
3884:World War I battleships of the United Kingdom
2588:
2470:
1684:Burt 1986, p. 169; Friedman 2015, pp. 120β121
1614:The British tonnage allowance granted by the
413:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
382:bombarded Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby
356:spent most of their careers assigned to the
1111:Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company
16:1911 class of battleships of the Royal Navy
2595:
2581:
2477:
2463:
2130:: Warship Design and Development 1923-1945
1625:battleships were completed in 1927. While
1349:Raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby
1184:-class ships are in the center background.
392:, the surviving ships' service during the
2307:
506:
2324:
2312:. London: William Kimber & Company.
2247:
2228:
2206:
2165:
1602:
1517:
1480:
1416:
1361:containing plans for a German attack on
1260:
1168:
1058:
1032:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1016:
861:
698:
629:. The spotting tower at the rear of the
556:
407:in 1919 before being transferred to the
2422:
2400:
2288:
2266:
2184:
1781:Brooks 1995, p. 47; Brooks 1996, p. 168
1600:was sold for scrap at the end of 1926.
436:battleships in 1927 forced the sale of
3874:King George V-class battleships (1911)
3861:
2370:
2098:
2079:
2060:
2021:Hampshire, pp. 97β99; Brown, pp. 21β22
1803:
1801:
1476:
1461:. The sisters were able to fire a few
589:showed that the placement of the fore
174:597 ft 9 in (182.2 m) (
2576:
2458:
2334:. New York: George H. Doran Company.
2233:. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing.
2214:. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing.
2117:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1824:
1822:
1513:
21:King George V-class battleship (1939)
2168:Jutland: An Analysis of the Fighting
2149:British Battleships of World War One
2146:
1958:Corbett, p. 431 and frontispiece map
1763:Brooks 2005, pp. 61β63, 159β160, 166
1700:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1406:
3821:One or more completed after the war
1967:Campbell, pp. 204, 207β209, 346β347
1798:
1669:built to supply the forces ashore.
768:BL four-inch (100 mm) Mark VII
561:Right elevations and plans for the
554:upon completion and 1,114 in 1916.
13:
2272:The Mediterranean Fleet, 1919β1929
1873:
1819:
1311:, and placed under the command of
1173:British and German ships saluting
758:Training exercises had shown that
709:s forward main-gun turrets in 1918
648:class were powered by two sets of
641:to the roof of the conning tower.
186:89 ft 1 in (27.2 m)
140:General characteristics (as built)
14:
3895:
2442:
1687:
1287:Between 17 and 20 July 1914, the
992:had them on 'B' and 'Q' turrets,
388:in May 1916 and the inconclusive
194:28 ft 8 in (8.7 m)
2212:The British Battleship 1906β1946
963:
68:
31:
2054:
2042:
2033:
2024:
2015:
2006:
1997:
1988:
1979:
1970:
1961:
1952:
1943:
1934:
1925:
1922:Jellicoe, pp. 167β168, 173, 185
1916:
1907:
1898:
1889:
1861:. 18 February 1913. p. 269
1859:His Majesty's Stationery Office
1840:
1831:
1810:
1784:
1775:
1180:, Kiel, 24 June 1914; the four
806:
717:class was equipped with ten 45-
276:13.5 in (343 mm) guns
3879:Ship classes of the Royal Navy
2427:. London: Brockhampton Press.
2291:A Naval History of World War I
2132:. London: Chatham Publishing.
1766:
1757:
1748:
1739:
1725:
1716:
1707:
1678:
1230:flagship by 18 February 1913.
313:: 1β4 in (25β102 mm)
1:
1672:
479:and was then modified into a
2308:Hampshire, A. Cecil (1960).
1855:National Library of Scotland
1733:The Sight Manual ADM 186/216
1335:developed problems with her
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1139:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1109:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1082:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1049:
667:. They were rated at 27,000
637:was moved from the foremast
282:4 in (102 mm) guns
7:
3827:Grouping of several classes
3815:All completed after the war
2836:Pre-dreadnought battleships
2346:
2166:Campbell, N. J. M. (1986).
2003:Friedman 2015, pp. 205, 207
1548:became the flagship of the
1234:was present to receive the
996:on 'B' and 'X' turrets and
968:By October 1914, a pair of
952:were extended to cover the
694:
244:(39 km/h; 24 mph)
10:
3900:
3271:Destroyer flotilla leaders
2356:. New York: Random House.
1713:Brooks 1995, pp. 45, 47β48
1449:was in the centre and the
1410:
1346:
1164:
1033:Cost (including armament)
325:: 10 in (254 mm)
319:: 11 in (280 mm)
307:: 12 in (305 mm)
18:
3808:
3785:
3713:
3623:
3600:
3572:
3503:
3455:
3328:
3269:
3207:
3103:
3059:
3039:
2977:
2910:
2834:
2730:
2608:
2557:
2531:
2495:
2289:Halpern, Paul G. (1995).
2229:Friedman, Norman (2011).
1976:Halpern 1995, pp. 330β333
1949:Tarrant, pp. 54β55, 57β58
1488:at Rosyth, Scotland, 1918
1132:
1102:
1075:
1037:
1013:
903:
836:Dreyer Fire-control Table
450:at the end of 1926 while
139:
47:
30:
2423:Tarrant, V. E. (1999) .
2248:Goldrick, James (2015).
1754:Friedman 2011, pp. 97β98
1745:Friedman 2011, pp. 49β52
1003:
569:-class battleships from
288:21 in (533 mm)
19:Not to be confused with
2732:Dreadnought battleships
1722:Burt 1986, pp. 176, 179
1616:Washington Naval Treaty
1273:to be taken aboard the
973:anti-aircraft (AA) guns
852:sound-powered telephone
635:coincidence rangefinder
462:Washington Naval Treaty
368:, sometimes serving as
342:dreadnought battleships
2039:Hampshire, pp. 126β138
2030:Hampshire, pp. 102β113
1807:Burt 1986, pp. 176β178
1611:
1580:around the same time.
1541:
1528:s crew painting ship,
1489:
1422:
1401:Friedrich von Ingenohl
1291:s took part in a test
1284:
1185:
970:QF 3-inch (76 mm)
870:
838:(a Mark III system in
710:
574:
571:Brassey's Naval Annual
507:Design and description
149:Dreadnought battleship
2376:British Battleships,
2065:. London: Routledge.
2061:Brooks, John (2005).
1940:Goldrick, pp. 200β214
1913:Goldrick, pp. 156β158
1837:Friedman 2015, p. 438
1606:
1521:
1484:
1420:
1264:
1196:and sank the Italian
1172:
921:Krupp cemented armour
875:fire-control director
865:
702:
560:
456:was converted into a
340:were a group of four
3843:Single ship of class
2147:Burt, R. A. (1986).
1574:Great Fire of Smyrna
1305:Imperial German Navy
1248:Kaiser Wilhelm Canal
986:flying-off platforms
779:(1.9 in )
725:13.5-inch Mark V gun
593:between the forward
497:Invasion of Normandy
42:underway, about 1914
2449:Dreadnought Project
1904:Halpern 1995, p. 27
1550:3rd Battle Squadron
1477:Subsequent activity
1451:1st Battle Squadron
1447:4th Battle Squadron
1236:President of France
1010:
795:and another in the
722:breech-loading (BL)
409:Mediterranean Fleet
390:action of 19 August
372:. In October 1914,
358:2nd Battle Squadron
3869:Battleship classes
3105:Protected cruisers
2489:-class battleships
2048:Burt, pp. 181, 188
1931:Tarrant, pp. 28β30
1895:Massie, pp. 19, 69
1772:Brooks 2005, p. 48
1612:
1542:
1514:Postwar activities
1490:
1423:
1285:
1283:, 27 October 1914.
1186:
1152:14 September 1912
1009:Construction data
1008:
979:was fitted to tow
871:
711:
665:water-tube boilers
575:
524:secondary armament
499:in 1944 to form a
384:in late 1914, the
350:super-dreadnoughts
338:-class battleships
206:water-tube boilers
3856:
3855:
3016:Duke of Edinburgh
2979:Armoured cruisers
2614:Seaplane carriers
2570:
2569:
2348:Massie, Robert K.
2310:The Phantom Fleet
2281:978-1-4094-2756-8
2259:978-1-59114-349-9
2240:978-1-84832-100-7
2221:978-1-84832-225-7
1886:Burt, pp. 186β188
1704:Burt 1986, p. 176
1413:Battle of Jutland
1407:Battle of Jutland
1353:The Royal Navy's
1162:
1161:
1119:27 February 1911
1092:18 November 1911
1065:16 November 1912
956:, as well as the
950:torpedo bulkheads
811:The ships of the
644:The ships of the
386:Battle of Jutland
331:
330:
95:Succeeded by
3891:
3307:Thornycroft (or
2597:
2590:
2583:
2574:
2573:
2479:
2472:
2465:
2456:
2455:
2438:
2419:
2397:
2367:
2343:
2321:
2304:
2285:
2263:
2244:
2225:
2208:Friedman, Norman
2203:
2190:Naval Operations
2181:
2162:
2143:
2114:
2095:
2076:
2049:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2031:
2028:
2022:
2019:
2013:
2010:
2004:
2001:
1995:
1992:
1986:
1983:
1977:
1974:
1968:
1965:
1959:
1956:
1950:
1947:
1941:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1923:
1920:
1914:
1911:
1905:
1902:
1896:
1893:
1887:
1884:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1852:
1844:
1838:
1835:
1829:
1826:
1817:
1814:
1808:
1805:
1796:
1795:
1788:
1782:
1779:
1773:
1770:
1764:
1761:
1755:
1752:
1746:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1729:
1723:
1720:
1714:
1711:
1705:
1702:
1685:
1682:
1667:mulberry harbour
1647:Second World War
1610:under fire, 1934
1527:
1385:I Scouting Group
1381:Franz von Hipper
1240:Raymond PoincarΓ©
1220:George Warrender
1059:16 January 1911
1011:
1007:
1000:had one on 'B'.
929:armoured citadel
708:
669:shaft horsepower
660:propeller shafts
625:of the original
469:Second World War
264:860β1,114 (1916)
228:4 Γ shafts; 2 Γ
74:
72:
71:
35:
28:
27:
3899:
3898:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3888:
3859:
3858:
3857:
3852:
3833:converted from
3804:
3781:
3709:
3619:
3596:
3568:
3499:
3451:
3324:
3265:
3203:
3099:
3055:
3035:
2973:
2906:
2887:King Edward VII
2845:Royal Sovereign
2830:
2818:Queen Elizabeth
2726:
2604:
2601:
2571:
2566:
2553:
2527:
2491:
2483:
2445:
2435:
2416:
2402:Preston, Antony
2394:
2364:
2301:
2282:
2260:
2241:
2222:
2200:
2186:Corbett, Julian
2178:
2159:
2140:
2119:Brown, David K.
2111:
2092:
2073:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2038:
2034:
2029:
2025:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2002:
1998:
1993:
1989:
1984:
1980:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1953:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1935:
1930:
1926:
1921:
1917:
1912:
1908:
1903:
1899:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1874:
1864:
1862:
1850:
1848:"The Navy List"
1846:
1845:
1841:
1836:
1832:
1827:
1820:
1815:
1811:
1806:
1799:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1780:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1740:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1721:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1688:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1633:were scrapped,
1525:
1516:
1479:
1415:
1409:
1379:(Rear-Admiral)
1351:
1345:
1317:High Seas Fleet
1214:, commanded by
1167:
1062:9 October 1911
1006:
966:
906:
826:and stabilized
818:Barr and Stroud
809:
803:were provided.
799:, for which 14
706:
697:
601:meant that hot
509:
493:convoy to Malta
394:First World War
199:Installed power
69:
67:
43:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3897:
3887:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3847:
3844:
3841:
3838:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3816:
3813:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3802:
3797:
3791:
3789:
3787:naval trawlers
3783:
3782:
3780:
3779:
3774:
3773:
3772:
3765:
3758:
3751:
3744:
3732:
3725:
3719:
3717:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3707:
3702:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3629:
3627:
3621:
3620:
3618:
3617:
3612:
3606:
3604:
3598:
3597:
3595:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3578:
3576:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3566:
3559:
3552:
3545:
3538:
3531:
3524:
3517:
3509:
3507:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3490:
3483:
3476:
3469:
3461:
3459:
3453:
3452:
3450:
3449:
3444:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3420:
3415:
3413:Yarrow Later M
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3334:
3332:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3316:Admiralty (or
3313:
3304:
3297:
3290:
3283:
3275:
3273:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3256:
3249:
3242:
3235:
3228:
3221:
3213:
3211:
3209:Scout cruisers
3205:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3173:
3166:
3159:
3152:
3145:
3138:
3131:
3124:
3117:
3109:
3107:
3101:
3100:
3098:
3097:
3090:
3083:
3078:
3071:
3065:
3063:
3061:Light cruisers
3057:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3045:
3043:
3041:Heavy cruisers
3037:
3036:
3034:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2998:
2991:
2983:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2959:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2916:
2914:
2912:Battlecruisers
2908:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2897:
2890:
2883:
2876:
2869:
2862:
2855:
2848:
2840:
2838:
2832:
2831:
2829:
2828:
2821:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2793:
2786:
2779:
2772:
2765:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2736:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2724:
2717:
2710:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2682:
2675:
2668:
2661:
2654:
2647:
2640:
2633:
2626:
2618:
2616:
2606:
2605:
2600:
2599:
2592:
2585:
2577:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2542:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2504:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2482:
2481:
2474:
2467:
2459:
2453:
2452:
2444:
2443:External links
2441:
2440:
2439:
2433:
2420:
2414:
2398:
2392:
2368:
2362:
2344:
2326:Jellicoe, John
2322:
2305:
2299:
2286:
2280:
2270:, ed. (2011).
2264:
2258:
2245:
2239:
2226:
2220:
2204:
2198:
2182:
2176:
2163:
2157:
2144:
2138:
2115:
2109:
2096:
2090:
2077:
2071:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2041:
2032:
2023:
2014:
2005:
1996:
1987:
1985:Massie, p. 748
1978:
1969:
1960:
1951:
1942:
1933:
1924:
1915:
1906:
1897:
1888:
1872:
1839:
1830:
1828:Preston, p. 30
1818:
1809:
1797:
1783:
1774:
1765:
1756:
1747:
1738:
1724:
1715:
1706:
1686:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1643:aerial bombing
1564:in 1919β1920.
1515:
1512:
1478:
1475:
1471:King George Vs
1467:light cruisers
1459:line of battle
1411:Main article:
1408:
1405:
1347:Main article:
1344:
1341:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1149:23 March 1911
1147:
1138:
1130:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1122:21 March 1912
1120:
1117:
1108:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1081:
1073:
1072:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1048:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1015:
1005:
1002:
965:
962:
905:
902:
820:instrument in
808:
805:
791:, one on each
696:
693:
689:nautical miles
656:steam turbines
595:superstructure
528:overall length
508:
505:
344:built for the
329:
328:
327:
326:
320:
314:
308:
300:
296:
295:
294:
293:
284:
278:
270:
266:
265:
262:
258:
257:
250:
246:
245:
238:
234:
233:
226:
222:
221:
220:
219:
208:
200:
196:
195:
192:
188:
187:
184:
180:
179:
172:
168:
167:
156:
152:
151:
146:
142:
141:
137:
136:
133:
129:
128:
125:
121:
120:
117:
113:
112:
109:
105:
104:
96:
92:
91:
83:
79:
78:
65:
61:
60:
54:
50:
49:
48:Class overview
45:
44:
36:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3896:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3848:
3845:
3842:
3839:
3836:
3832:
3829:
3826:
3823:
3820:
3817:
3814:
3811:
3810:
3807:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3778:
3775:
3771:
3770:
3766:
3764:
3763:
3759:
3757:
3756:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3745:
3743:
3742:
3738:
3737:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3730:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3716:
3712:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3700:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3630:
3628:
3626:
3622:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3603:
3599:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3575:
3571:
3565:
3564:
3560:
3558:
3557:
3553:
3551:
3550:
3546:
3544:
3543:
3539:
3537:
3536:
3532:
3530:
3529:
3525:
3523:
3522:
3518:
3516:
3515:
3511:
3510:
3508:
3506:
3502:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3489:
3488:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3477:
3475:
3474:
3470:
3468:
3467:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3458:
3457:Torpedo boats
3454:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3403:Thornycroft M
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3331:
3327:
3321:
3319:
3314:
3312:
3310:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3298:
3296:
3295:
3291:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3282:
3281:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3272:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3222:
3220:
3219:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3206:
3200:
3199:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3186:
3185:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3172:
3171:
3167:
3165:
3164:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3102:
3096:
3095:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3076:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3038:
3032:
3031:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3018:
3017:
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2300:1-55750-352-4
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1578:Chanak Crisis
1575:
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1566:King George V
1563:
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1192:accidentally
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987:
982:
981:kite balloons
978:
977:King George V
974:
971:
964:Modifications
961:
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781:saluting guns
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615:King George V
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583:
582:battlecruiser
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417:Chanak Crisis
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227:
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214:(20,000
213:
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162:(25,830
161:
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138:
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108:In commission
107:
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57:King George V
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29:
26:
22:
3834:
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3574:Minesweepers
3562:
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2651:Ben-my-Chree
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2249:
2230:
2211:
2189:
2167:
2148:
2129:
2125:
2122:
2101:Warship 1996
2100:
2082:Warship 1995
2081:
2062:
2055:Bibliography
2044:
2035:
2026:
2017:
2012:Burt, p. 181
2008:
1999:
1990:
1981:
1972:
1963:
1954:
1945:
1936:
1927:
1918:
1909:
1900:
1891:
1863:. Retrieved
1854:
1842:
1833:
1812:
1791:
1786:
1777:
1768:
1759:
1750:
1741:
1732:
1727:
1718:
1709:
1680:
1654:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
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1613:
1607:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1565:
1557:
1553:
1545:
1543:
1522:
1491:
1485:
1470:
1432:
1424:
1397:
1393:David Beatty
1388:
1374:
1352:
1332:
1324:
1293:mobilisation
1288:
1286:
1279:
1266:
1265:The crew of
1231:
1223:
1216:Vice-Admiral
1207:
1202:
1189:
1187:
1181:
1155:August 1913
1134:
1104:
1077:
1045:Royal George
1044:
1039:
997:
993:
989:
976:
967:
954:engine rooms
948:s, the anti-
945:
942:
909:
907:
896:
887:
872:
866:
839:
822:
812:
810:
807:Fire-control
757:
748:
744:
714:
712:
703:
658:. The outer
653:direct-drive
645:
643:
639:spotting top
614:
585:
576:
566:
562:
517:
512:
510:
488:
472:
466:
452:
442:
437:
431:
421:
402:
373:
366:Grand Fleets
354:sister ships
335:
334:
332:
280:16 Γ single
210:27,000
155:Displacement
99:
86:
56:
38:
25:
3849:Conversions
3521:Abercrombie
3514:Marshal Ney
3393:Admiralty M
3309:Shakespeare
2901:Lord Nelson
2748:Bellerophon
2741:Dreadnought
1663:Omaha Beach
1651:Axis powers
1455:line astern
1363:Scarborough
1309:Grand Fleet
1297:July Crisis
1275:ocean liner
1158:Β£1,889,387
1128:Β£1,918,813
1125:March 1913
1098:Β£1,950,651
1084:HM Dockyard
1051:HM Dockyard
844:range clock
729:gun turrets
627:tripod mast
485:gun turrets
483:with dummy
467:During the
458:target ship
425:, became a
252:6,310
82:Preceded by
3863:Categories
3835:Courageous
3625:Submarines
3582:Racecourse
3528:Lord Clive
3398:Hawthorn M
3330:Destroyers
3232:Pathfinder
3191:Challenger
3009:Devonshire
2963:Courageous
2942:Queen Mary
2921:Invincible
2866:Formidable
2755:St Vincent
2721:Vindictive
1857:. London:
1673:References
1427:Jade Bight
1367:Hartlepool
1337:condensers
1301:Scapa Flow
1178:Wilhelm II
1145:Birkenhead
1071:1,961,096
1055:Portsmouth
1030:Completed
856:deflection
787:submerged
679:; 24
578:Sea trials
501:breakwater
346:Royal Navy
261:Complement
225:Propulsion
166:) (normal)
76:Royal Navy
3769:Aubrietia
3699:Swordfish
3218:Adventure
3184:Highflyer
2894:Swiftsure
2804:Iron Duke
2797:Agincourt
2644:Ark Royal
2547:Iron Duke
2522:Audacious
2508:Centurion
2374:(1990) .
2318:654265193
2188:(1997) .
1655:Centurion
1639:Centurion
1635:Centurion
1608:Centurion
1590:Centurion
1562:Black Sea
1558:Centurion
1503:Admiralty
1486:Centurion
1443:divisions
1325:Audacious
1278:RMS
1271:lifeboats
1267:Audacious
1256:Kiel Week
1232:Centurion
1190:Centurion
1135:Audacious
1095:May 1913
1088:Devonport
1078:Centurion
1021:Laid down
994:Centurion
958:magazines
937:bulkheads
925:barbettes
914:waterline
897:Audacious
867:Centurion
848:voicepipe
801:torpedoes
793:broadside
777:3-pounder
772:casemates
760:destroyer
737:gunsights
733:elevation
675:(39
580:with the
548:deep load
544:long tons
540:displaced
489:Centurion
477:blockship
473:Centurion
453:Centurion
398:North Sea
376:struck a
374:Audacious
370:flagships
323:Barbettes
274:5 Γ twin
160:long tons
116:Completed
111:1912β1944
100:Iron Duke
64:Operators
39:Audacious
3602:Gunboats
3505:Monitors
3441:Talisman
3408:Yarrow M
3294:Marksman
3287:Faulknor
3246:Boadicea
3239:Sentinel
3170:Arrogant
3156:Powerful
3075:Arethusa
3030:Minotaur
3002:Monmouth
2852:Majestic
2769:Colossus
2665:Raven II
2658:Campania
2637:Engadine
2610:Aircraft
2382:Vanguard
2380:1860 to
2350:(2003).
2340:13614571
2328:(1919).
2210:(2015).
2128:Vanguard
2121:(2000).
1865:29 March
1659:scuttled
1534:Valletta
1439:Scotland
1435:Cromarty
1329:capsized
1269:take to
1244:Spithead
1228:squadron
1226:was the
1201:SS
1115:Greenock
1026:Launched
1017:Builder
912:s had a
832:Dumaresq
695:Armament
685:fuel oil
603:clinkers
599:foremast
597:and the
415:and the
269:Armament
132:Scrapped
3762:Anchusa
3494:Cricket
3447:V and W
3225:Forward
3177:Pelorus
3128:Eclipse
3121:Astraea
3094:Emerald
3050:Hawkins
3023:Warrior
2969:Admiral
2859:Canopus
2825:Revenge
2762:Neptune
2707:Nairana
2700:Pegasus
2693:Furious
2686:Manxman
2630:Riviera
2623:Empress
2378:Warrior
1495:U-boats
1463:volleys
1430:Fleet.
1355:Room 40
1313:Admiral
1280:Olympic
1198:steamer
1165:Careers
892:flanges
785:21-inch
719:calibre
650:Parsons
552:ratings
542:25,420
536:draught
405:reserve
360:of the
317:Turrets
191:Draught
158:25,420
3800:Mersey
3795:Castle
3755:Arabis
3748:Azalea
3741:Acacia
3735:Flower
3729:Cadmus
3715:Sloops
3615:Insect
3563:Erebus
3542:Gorgon
3535:Humber
3487:TB 114
3480:TB 109
3301:Parker
3260:Active
3253:Blonde
3198:Topaze
3163:Diadem
3114:Apollo
2988:Cressy
2956:Renown
2880:Duncan
2873:London
2811:Canada
2679:Vindex
2431:
2412:
2390:
2360:
2338:
2316:
2297:
2278:
2256:
2237:
2218:
2196:
2174:
2155:
2136:
2124:Nelson
2107:
2088:
2069:
1623:-class
1621:Nelson
1570:Smyrna
1540:, 1921
1508:Rosyth
1501:. The
1371:Whitby
1321:sortie
1222:, and
1194:rammed
1175:Kaiser
933:strake
904:Armour
753:rounds
749:Orions
745:Orions
741:prisms
623:struts
611:bridge
591:funnel
565:- and
434:-class
432:Nelson
352:. The
299:Armour
171:Length
73:
3837:class
3592:Dance
3473:TB 98
3466:TB 81
3418:Medea
3318:Scott
3280:Swift
3149:Edgar
3142:Pearl
3135:Blake
3087:Danae
2995:Drake
2949:Tiger
2776:Orion
2714:Argus
2549:class
2540:class
2538:Orion
1851:(PDF)
1538:Malta
1526:'
1499:mines
1242:, at
1203:Derna
1014:Name
1004:Ships
946:Orion
890:used
797:stern
707:'
673:knots
563:Orion
520:class
518:Orion
481:decoy
448:scrap
249:Range
242:knots
237:Speed
204:18 Γ
102:class
89:class
87:Orion
59:class
3587:Hunt
3424:Arno
3069:Town
2935:Lion
2790:Erin
2672:Anne
2515:Ajax
2429:ISBN
2410:ISBN
2388:ISBN
2358:ISBN
2336:OCLC
2314:OCLC
2295:ISBN
2276:ISBN
2254:ISBN
2235:ISBN
2216:ISBN
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