398:
386:
658:
410:
368:
261:
252:
777:
499:
768:
481:
277:
593:
630:
786:
218:
540:
458:
727:
612:
621:
802:
449:
350:
22:
649:
549:
718:
508:
490:
752:
531:
227:
667:
295:
440:
686:
695:
286:
837:
821:
575:
377:
236:
359:
584:
149:(1603 to 1868) horses were no longer needed for warfare and the samurai started using highly decorated kura with colored lacquers, and extensive intricate inlays and leather work. Mounted samurai became a ceremonial presence in the entourages of processions by their
137:(bow) and the kura provided a rugged, stable, comfortable platform for shooting arrows. However, the design was not well suited for speed or distance. The introduction of firearms in Japan in 1543 eventually led to the development of the Japanese
409:
307:
Kurabane is the wooden tree of the
Japanese saddle which was made from red oak (kashi), the parts are connected to each other by joints and cords allowing the kurabane to flex, it has four parts, the
1145:
174:) carried a variety of merchandise and the baggage of travelers using a pack saddle that ranged from a basic wooden frame to the elaborate pack saddles used for the semi-annual processions (
188:, non-samurai were allowed to openly ride horses and eventually the Japanese adopted saddles of styles seen in the occidental world. Saddles used by Japanese officers during the
814:
Sanjakugawa, two leather straps that wrapped around each side of the neck, attached to the bridle and the bit. The sanjakugawa prevented the bridle from slipping over the ears.
1138:
397:
385:
1131:
605:
Chikara-gawa or gekiso (stirrup straps), leather straps that the stirrups (abumi) are attached to, they pass through slots on the saddle seat (basin or kura tsubo).
115:
1081:
Military
Observers Attached to the Armies in Manchuria During the Russo-Japanese War ...: Reports of W. S. Schuyler, J. F. Morrison, Carl Reichmann P. C. March
2263:
145:) which supplanted the yumi as the weapon of choice by the samurai. As a result, horse-mounted samurai were no longer the main military force. During the
184:. Pack horses also carried the equipment and food for samurai warriors during military campaigns. With the end of the samurai era and beginning of the
470:
Aori (saddle flaps), a pair of large leather pieces that would hang from either side of the saddle (kura) and protect the sides of the horse from the
71:. Over time the Japanese added elements of their own until the Japanese saddle became an identifiable style, also known as the samurai saddle.
1024:, Author William Elliot Griffis, Publisher Congregational Sunday-school and publishing society, 1890, Original from Harvard University P.146
745:
which connected to the kura (saddle) on one end and looped under the horse's tail on the other to keep the saddle from slipping forward.
2301:
1098:, Authors L. John Anderson, Sachiko Hori, Morihiro Ogawa, John Stevenson, Stephen Turnbull, Publisher Yale University Press, 2011,
679:
Uma agemaki, decorative tassels that are attached to a
Japanese saddle (kura), other equipment may be attached to the uma agemaki.
30:
3185:
158:
Riding in a saddle was reserved for the samurai class until the end of the samurai era in 1868. Lower classes would ride on a
1103:
1078:
1066:
1044:
520:
Shita-kura or hadazuke, the twin set of double leather pads attached to the bottom of a
Japanese saddle tree (kurabane). The
1034:
2268:
1020:
1118:
1056:
1006:
657:
3163:
2120:
902:
642:
Shiode, tie-downs attached to the kura (saddle) at four points. Various ropes and straps are attached to the shiode.
892:
989:
2294:
1550:
367:
3156:
2865:
260:
1274:
2918:
1495:
429:
The basin/kura tsubo (the thin leather saddle seat), has slots on either side for the stirrup straps (
2253:
1093:
629:
276:
251:
2287:
2258:
2248:
1578:
1291:
1286:
471:
776:
498:
2354:
1543:
785:
767:
592:
480:
2671:
1296:
919:
916:
2691:
1625:
971:
968:
950:
564:(stirrups), the abumi are attached to the saddle (kura) by a pair of leather stirrup straps (
539:
836:
457:
331:
rest on either side of the horse's spine and serve as the under frame for the leather seat (
37:, from the "Samurai: Armor of the Warrior" exhibit 2011, Musée du Quai Branly, Paris, France
2933:
2574:
217:
119:
8:
2748:
1123:
726:
620:
611:
415:
Igi (contoured side bands) of a
Japanese saddle, showing the slot for the stirrup strap (
1405:
3100:
2390:
1938:
268:
189:
801:
2850:
2813:
2619:
2528:
2172:
2021:
1990:
1644:
1522:
1099:
1062:
1040:
898:
103:
448:
3190:
2823:
2766:
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2099:
1875:
3011:
2964:
2959:
2949:
1720:
1605:
1536:
1483:
1331:
1250:
349:
176:
21:
2723:
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2513:
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2405:
2349:
2344:
1822:
1610:
1571:
1160:
1095:
Art of Armor: Samurai Armor from the Ann and
Gabriel Barbier-Mueller Collection
648:
193:
1508:
1345:
87:(794 to 1185), changes made to the Chinese saddle led to what we now call the
3179:
3138:
2923:
2663:
2647:
2604:
2599:
2518:
2469:
2039:
1615:
343:
are slotted for the stirrup straps (chikara-gawa or gekiso) to pass through.
2000:
2738:
2713:
2385:
2279:
2106:
1815:
1734:
1630:
1620:
1600:
978:
955:
926:
185:
125:
Samurai warriors increasingly used horses, and rode two types of kura: the
84:
79:
The
Japanese were known to be using the Chinese style of saddle during the
68:
1472:
548:
63:. The word "kura" is most commonly associated with the saddle used by the
3031:
2954:
2913:
2845:
2708:
2701:
2696:
2589:
2503:
2489:
2438:
2369:
2213:
2148:
1769:
1755:
1748:
1302:
945:
530:
159:
111:
80:
1465:
1180:
717:
707:
Bakin, a padded cover that sits behind the kura (saddle) and covers the
507:
2855:
2594:
2523:
2364:
2310:
2192:
2053:
1972:
1847:
1808:
1595:
1398:
1324:
1229:
226:
146:
2067:
2014:
1564:
1515:
1412:
1215:
1173:
1039:, Author Louis M. Cullen, Publisher Cambridge University Press, 2003,
489:
3067:
3062:
3026:
2969:
2840:
2728:
2686:
2614:
2609:
2548:
2474:
2446:
2410:
2234:
2141:
2060:
1951:
1829:
1794:
1660:
1557:
1377:
1370:
1257:
951:
Hired Swords: The Rise of
Private Warrior Power in Early Japan, p. 37
751:
666:
167:
138:
1861:
1727:
1222:
269:
Ni-gura or konida-gura (Kura for pack horses (ni-uma or konida-uma))
151:
3110:
3021:
3016:
2928:
2756:
2651:
2564:
2543:
2533:
2498:
2400:
2227:
2178:
2166:
2081:
1965:
1741:
1653:
1391:
1384:
1280:
1208:
897:, Author William E. Deal, Publisher Oxford University Press, 2007,
873:
294:
199:
2220:
2199:
1914:
1900:
1444:
1243:
1187:
439:
133:, or war saddle. The main weapon of early samurai warfare was the
3105:
3072:
3050:
3001:
2860:
2718:
2624:
2508:
2415:
2395:
2206:
2113:
2007:
1921:
1801:
1695:
1681:
1458:
1363:
1201:
741:
107:
64:
26:
1501:
685:
2908:
2899:
2733:
2464:
2442:
2336:
2323:
2134:
2127:
2046:
1944:
1868:
1776:
1702:
1674:
1667:
1529:
1451:
1437:
1194:
60:
1061:, Author Stephen Turnbull, Publisher Osprey Publishing, 2006,
820:
694:
285:
2870:
2828:
2781:
2776:
2584:
2569:
2185:
2074:
1958:
1854:
1338:
1236:
914:
Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric and KÀthe Roth. (2005). "Horses" in
561:
1907:
1893:
2835:
2818:
2771:
2761:
2579:
1979:
1688:
1419:
315:(cantle) the arched rear plate, these are connected by two
134:
1153:
1036:
A History of Japan 1582â1941: Internal and
External Worlds
574:
1010:, William E. Deal, Oxford University Press US, 2007 P.155
376:
358:
235:
91:
or
Japanese saddle. The Chinese style saddle is known as
994:(Google eBook), Karl Friday, Psychology Press, 2004 P.97
583:
2803:
2322:
991:
Samurai, warfare and the state in early medieval Japan
474:(stirrups) and from the branches of trees and shrubs.
192:(1904â1905) are described as being based on civilian
102:
In the fourth century AD, the Japanese started using
2991:
403:
Shizuwa (cantle), the back arch of a Japanese saddle
209:
1008:
Handbook to life in medieval and early modern Japan
894:
Handbook to Life in Medieval and Early Modern Japan
391:
Maewa (pommel), the front arch of a Japanese saddle
524:protects the back of the horse from the kurabane.
243:
3177:
2437:
1119:Visual glossary of Japanese saddle related parts
200:Kura-no-baju (Japanese saddle and related parts)
2646:
41:
52:
2295:
1139:
793:
2309:
1002:
1000:
3049:
2302:
2288:
1146:
1132:
1022:Honda the samurai: a story of modern Japan
908:
74:
997:
847:
600:
515:
319:(contoured side bands) which connect the
118:'s rebellion in 740 and in the revolt of
20:
862:
3178:
1154:Japanese weapons, armour and equipment
424:
3127:
3089:
3048:
2990:
2887:
2802:
2645:
2436:
2321:
2283:
1127:
311:(pommel) the arched front plate, the
95:while the Japanese style is known as
59:is the generic name for the Japanese
2888:
2804:Tack accessories and training tools
13:
3128:
1058:Samurai â The World of the Warrior
852:
129:or "aristocratic saddle", and the
14:
3202:
3164:Category:Horse tack and equipment
1112:
857:
210:Yamato gura (Japanese style kura)
2992:Historic or ceremonial equipment
835:
819:
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259:
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234:
225:
216:
204:
83:(AD 710 to 794), but during the
3090:
2558:Component parts and accessories
1932:Projectile and throwing weapons
1087:
1083:, Govt. Print. Off., 1907 P.107
1072:
876:(Japanese archery on horseback)
828:
1050:
1028:
1014:
983:
960:
939:
886:
809:
674:
244:Kara gura (Chinese style kura)
1:
3186:Samurai weapons and equipment
966:Turnbull, Stephen R. (2002).
880:
110:proved to be decisive in the
3157:Glossary of equestrian terms
2866:Draw reins and running reins
2326:, components and accessories
2032:Improvised and other weapons
7:
2269:Military equipment of Japan
867:
842:Antique Japanese horse whip
734:
302:
42:
10:
3207:
2379:Components and accessories
794:Kiritsuke (saddle blanket)
3151:
3134:
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1429:
1355:
1316:
1267:
1168:
1159:
637:
53:
2311:Horse equipment and tack
2264:National Treasure swords
702:
556:
186:Meiji period (1868â1912)
2355:Australian stock saddle
972:War in Japan 1467â1615,
465:
75:History and description
2687:Bearing rein/overcheck
1787:Chain and rope weapons
848:Munagai (breast strap)
601:Chikara-gawa or gekiso
566:chikara-gawa or gekiso
516:Shita-kura or hadazuke
431:Chikara-gawa or gekiso
417:Chikara-gawa or gekiso
164:ni-gura or konida-gura
38:
1713:Samurai accoutrements
1626:Mail and plate armour
522:shita-kura (hadazuke)
116:Fujiwara no Hirotsugu
24:
16:Japanese horse saddle
2575:Mechanical hackamore
1840:Clubs and truncheons
863:Obukuro (tail cover)
739:Shirigai, a type of
172:ni-uma or konida-uma
120:Fujiwara no Nakamaro
2749:Horse-drawn vehicle
1356:Polearms and spears
920:Japan Encyclopedia,
433:) to pass through.
425:Basin or kura tsubo
1317:Knives and daggers
190:Russo-Japanese War
39:
25:Antique Japanese (
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3119:
3118:
3081:
3080:
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2981:
2978:
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2879:
2878:
2851:Longeing cavesson
2794:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2692:Blinders/blinkers
2637:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2565:Noseband/cavesson
2428:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2277:
2276:
2173:Edo period police
1639:
1638:
1496:Auxiliary armours
1312:
1311:
1104:978-0-300-17636-0
1067:978-1-84176-951-6
1045:978-0-521-52918-1
104:horses in warfare
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2714:Collar and hames
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2360:McClellan saddle
2333:
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2319:
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2297:
2290:
2281:
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2254:Weapons of Japan
1489:
1488:
1430:Practice weapons
1406:Torimono sandÅgu
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1165:
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3130:
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3092:
3077:
3054:
3036:
3012:Abumi (stirrup)
2993:
2974:
2965:Livestock crush
2938:
2890:
2889:Other equipment
2875:
2805:
2786:
2743:
2654:
2629:
2553:
2484:
2449:
2420:
2374:
2327:
2313:
2308:
2278:
2273:
2259:Japanese swords
2249:Japanese armour
2240:
2154:
2087:
2027:
1985:
1927:
1881:
1835:
1782:
1708:
1635:
1584:
1478:
1425:
1351:
1308:
1292:Sword polishing
1287:Sword mountings
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1152:
1115:
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946:Friday, Karl F.
944:
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865:
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853:Omogai (bridle)
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246:
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212:
207:
202:
194:English saddles
166:) or bareback.
155:(feudal lord).
77:
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3204:
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3188:
3171:
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3129:Transportation
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3082:
3079:
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3053:(horseshoeing)
3042:
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2934:Leg protection
2931:
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2919:Grooming tools
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2759:
2753:
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2744:
2742:
2741:
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2726:
2724:Harness saddle
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
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2704:
2699:
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2551:
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2541:
2539:Bit mouthpiece
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2514:Kimblewick bit
2511:
2506:
2501:
2495:
2493:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2480:Bitless bridle
2477:
2472:
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2459:
2451:
2450:
2430:
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2426:
2425:
2422:
2421:
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2413:
2408:
2406:Saddle blanket
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2350:English saddle
2347:
2345:Western saddle
2341:
2339:
2329:
2328:
2315:
2314:
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2299:
2292:
2284:
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2093:
2092:Signal devices
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2078:
2071:
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2035:
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2029:
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925:, p. 354, at
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760:Kutsuwa (bit)
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205:Types of kura
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2107:Hata-jirushi
2105:
2098:
2080:
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2020:
2013:
2006:
1999:
1978:
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1816:Kusari-fundo
1814:
1807:
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1793:
1775:
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1279:
1268:Construction
1256:
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1193:
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1080:
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1021:
1016:
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990:
985:
979:Google Books
977:, p. 15, at
973:
967:
962:
956:Google Books
954:, p. 37, at
949:
941:
935:Nihon shoki.
934:
930:
927:Google Books
922:pp. 354â355;
921:
915:
910:
893:
888:
829:Muchi (whip)
813:
740:
738:
708:
706:
678:
641:
604:
565:
560:
521:
519:
469:
430:
428:
416:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
306:
181:
177:sankin-kÅtai
175:
171:
163:
157:
150:
142:
130:
126:
124:
101:
96:
92:
88:
78:
69:feudal Japan
44:
43:
40:
32:
18:
3091:Occupations
3032:Hipposandal
2955:Picket line
2846:Bitting rig
2772:Sled/sleigh
2709:Horse brass
2702:Shadow roll
2697:Lines/reins
2590:Mecate rein
2504:Snaffle bit
2391:Breastplate
2370:Pack saddle
2214:Shinsengumi
2149:Uma-jirushi
2022:Tanegashima
1770:Uchi-bukuro
1756:Kubi bukuro
1749:Kate-bukuro
1346:Yoroi-dÅshi
1303:Tameshigiri
1079:Reports of
929:citing the
810:Sanjakugawa
711:(crupper).
675:Uma agemaki
168:Pack horses
160:pack saddle
143:tanegashima
112:Jinshin War
81:Nara period
3180:Categories
2943:Restraints
2856:Side reins
2814:Martingale
2620:Tongue-tie
2595:Curb chain
2524:Pelham bit
2458:Headstalls
2447:hackamores
2365:Sidesaddle
2193:Onna-musha
2054:Metsubushi
2001:BajÅ-zutsu
1809:Kusarigama
1596:Brigandine
1399:Sodegarami
1325:Kabutowari
1230:Shikomizue
974:pp. 15â20.
881:References
337:kura tsubo
147:Edo period
131:gunjingura
127:suikangura
97:yamatogura
3068:Hoof boot
3063:Horseshoe
3027:Caparison
2970:Rein hook
2902:equipment
2841:Surcingle
2729:Surcingle
2677:Breeching
2652:carriages
2615:Lip strap
2610:Bit guard
2549:Bit shank
2529:Spade bit
2475:Hackamore
2411:Saddlebag
2235:Yamabushi
2142:Sashimono
2121:Kabura-ya
1952:Makibishi
1939:Artillery
1848:Hachiwari
1795:Chigiriki
1661:Hachimaki
1558:Men-yoroi
1473:Tanren bÅ
1378:Kama-yari
1371:Hoko yari
1258:Wakizashi
139:matchlock
67:class of
29:) saddle
3111:Strapper
3073:Caulkins
3051:Farriery
3022:Shabrack
3017:Frentera
2929:Fly mask
2757:Carriage
2544:Bit ring
2534:Ring bit
2499:Curb bit
2401:Tapadero
2228:Yabusame
2179:Kunoichi
2167:Ashigaru
2082:Suntetsu
1993:and guns
1991:Firearms
1966:Shuriken
1742:Kaginawa
1654:Fundoshi
1645:Clothing
1606:Lamellar
1523:Haramaki
1466:SuburitÅ
1392:Sasumata
1385:Naginata
1281:Horimono
1275:Glossary
1209:Nagamaki
1181:DÅtanuki
948:(1996).
874:Yabusame
868:See also
735:Shirigai
709:shirigai
303:Kurabane
122:in 756.
93:karagura
3191:Saddles
3106:Hostler
3002:Barding
2861:Chambon
2719:Crupper
2625:Sallong
2509:Gag bit
2443:bridles
2416:Pannier
2396:Stirrup
2337:Saddles
2324:Saddles
2207:Samurai
2114:Horagai
2068:Åtsuchi
2015:Ådzutsu
2008:Bo-hiya
1922:Yubi-bo
1802:Kubotan
1696:Uwa-obi
1682:Shitagi
1611:Laminar
1565:Å-yoroi
1516:DÅ-maru
1459:Shinken
1413:TsukubÅ
1364:Bisento
1251:Tsurugi
1216:NinjatÅ
1202:Kodachi
1174:ChokutÅ
1069:, P.121
905:, P.156
742:crupper
339:), the
325:shizuwa
323:to the
313:shizuwa
182:daimyÅs
108:Cavalry
65:samurai
27:Samurai
2960:Twitch
2950:Hobble
2909:Halter
2900:Stable
2734:Terret
2682:Bridle
2600:Fiador
2465:Bridle
2135:Saihai
2128:Nobori
2100:Gunbai
2047:Kiseru
1945:Fukiya
1876:Tessen
1869:Tekkan
1862:KanabÅ
1777:Yebira
1728:DaishÅ
1703:Waraji
1675:Kyahan
1668:Hakama
1579:Tatami
1551:Kusari
1537:Karuta
1530:Kabuto
1484:Armour
1452:Shinai
1438:Bokken
1332:Kaiken
1223:Ådachi
1195:Katana
1161:Swords
1106:, P.81
1102:
1065:
1047:, P.88
1043:
931:Kojiki
901:
638:Shiode
327:, the
152:daimyÅ
61:saddle
3101:Groom
2871:Gogue
2829:Quirt
2782:Wagon
2777:Sulky
2767:Coach
2739:Trace
2585:Romal
2580:Reins
2570:Bosal
2386:Girth
2221:SÅhei
2200:RÅnin
2186:Ninja
2159:Users
2075:Shobo
1959:Oyumi
1915:TanbÅ
1901:HanbÅ
1855:Jitte
1830:JÅhyÅ
1721:Abumi
1631:Scale
1621:Plate
1589:Types
1572:Sangu
1544:Kikko
1445:IaitÅ
1339:Kunai
1244:TantÅ
1237:Tachi
1188:GuntÅ
703:Bakin
562:Abumi
557:Abumi
472:abumi
333:basen
321:maewa
309:maewa
180:) of
85:Heian
2914:Lead
2836:Spur
2824:Crop
2819:Whip
2762:Cart
2650:and
2490:Bits
2445:and
2439:Bits
2040:Kama
1980:Yumi
1763:Kura
1735:Horo
1689:Tabi
1616:Mail
1601:Lame
1502:BÅgu
1420:Yari
1100:ISBN
1063:ISBN
1041:ISBN
933:and
899:ISBN
466:Aori
135:yumi
89:kura
45:Kura
33:kura
2061:Ono
568:).
341:igi
335:or
329:igi
317:igi
3182::
2441:,
1973:Ya
1908:JÅ
1894:BÅ
1509:DÅ
999:^
196:.
106:.
99:.
2303:e
2296:t
2289:v
1147:e
1140:t
1133:v
419:)
170:(
162:(
141:(
57:)
54:é
51:(
35:)
31:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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