284:, who came to be called the "father of the bridge." Lightfoot began campaigning for the bridge in 1930, enlisting the support of Miller Freeman. Construction began January 1, 1939 and was completed in 1940. The construction cost for the project, including approaches, was approximately $ 9 million. It was partially financed by a bond issue of $ 4.184 million. Opened July 2, 1940, the bridge carried US 10 (later decommissioned and renamed Interstate 90). Tolls were removed in 1949. The bridge sank in a storm on November 25, 1990 during refurbishment and repair. The current bridge was built in 1993. The eponymous Lacey V. Murrow
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335:-year contract awarded to the Puget Sound Bridge and Dredging Company in the amount of $ 3.254 million. It included a movable span that could be retracted into a pocket in the center of the fixed span to permit large boats to pass. This design resulted in a roadway bulge that required vehicles to swerve twice across polished steel joints as they passed the bulge. A
373:
On
November 25, 1990, while under re-construction, the original bridge sank because of a series of human errors and decisions. The process started because the bridge needed resurfacing and was to be widened by means of cantilevered additions in order to meet the necessary lane-width specifications of
343:
with arrow and 'X' signs, compounded the hazard by putting one lane of traffic on the "wrong" side of the bulge during morning and evening rush hours in an effort to alleviate traffic into or out of
Seattle. There were many serious collisions on the bridge. The problems grew worse as the traffic
398:
water into the lake along with tons of bridge material. It sank when one pontoon filled and dragged the rest down, because they were cabled together and there was no way to separate the sections under load. No one was hurt or killed, since the bridge was closed for renovation and the sinking took
397:
holiday weekend), filled some of the pontoons with rain and lake water. On
Saturday, November 24, workers noticed that the bridge was about to sink, and started pumping out some of the pontoons; on Sunday, November 25, a 2,790-foot (850 m) section of the bridge sank, dumping the contaminated
264:. While the bridge originally had an opening span at the center of the bridge to allow a horizontal opening of 202 feet (62 m) for major waterborne traffic, the only boat passages currently are elevated fixed spans at the termini with 29 feet (8.8 m) of vertical clearance.
621:
Tudor
Engineering Company for Washington State Highway Commission Department of Highways. Legislative Reconnaissance and Feasibility Report "Lake Washington Bridge Crossings, Parallel Evergreen Point Bridge, North Lake Bridge. December
480:
242:, a few miles north on the same lake). The original Murrow Bridge opened in 1940, and was named the Lake Washington Floating Bridge. It was renamed the Lacey V. Murrow bridge in 1967. The original bridge closed
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of the bridge, and realized that they were over-engineered and the water could be stored temporarily in the pontoons. The watertight doors for the pontoons were therefore removed.
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All of the sinking was captured on film and shown on live TV. The cost of the disaster was $ 69 million in damages. A dozen anchoring cables for the new Hadley bridge were
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The bridge was the brainchild of engineer Homer Hadley, who had made the first proposal in 1921. The bridge came about after intensive lobbying, particularly by
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382:(high-pressure water) to remove unwanted material (the sidewalks on the bridge deck). Water from this hydrodemolition was considered contaminated under
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load increased over the years and far outstripped the designed capacity. Renovation or replacement became essential and a parallel bridge, the
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With the opening of the new bridge, the 49-year-old Murrow Bridge closed on June 23, 1989, for renovation that was projected to take
50:
37:
The Lacey V. Murrow
Memorial Bridge (right) and the Homer M. Hadley Memorial Bridge (left) in 2005, looking east toward Mercer Island
1409:
1512:
508:
Lange, G. (1999). Lake
Washington Floating Bridge is dedicated on July 2, 1940. Washington State Department of Transportation.
426:
239:
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425:, in February 1979 under similar circumstances. It is now known that the other major floating bridge in Washington, the
238:
The Murrow Bridge is the second-longest floating bridge in the world, at 6,620 ft (2,020 m) (the longest is the
604:
Witcher, T.R. (September 2018). "Success in
Seattle: The Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Bridge and Mount Baker Ridge Tunnel".
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Donald O. Dusenberry, et al. (Feb. 1995). "Failure of Lacey V. Murrow floating bridge, Seattle, Washington."
634:"Homer Hadley formally proposes a concrete pontoon floating bridge across Lake Washington on October 1, 1921"
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594:, Individual Landmarks, Department of Neighborhoods, City of Seattle. Accessed December 28, 2007.
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429:, was under-engineered for local environmental conditions; that 1963 bridge was replaced with
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List of bridges documented by the
Historic American Engineering Record in Washington (state)
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was the second director of the
Washington State Highway Department and a highly decorated
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and could not be allowed to flow into Lake
Washington. Engineers then analyzed the
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The disaster delayed the bridge's reopening by 14 months, to September 12, 1993.
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Construction of the bridge; photo taken one year after start of construction.
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and it was closed for a short time afterward. Westbound traffic was allowed
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978:"Eastbound I-90 lanes to close over weekend in shift to new bridge"
792:"Pontoon Bridge Sinks in Flooding As Seattle Is Battered by Storms"
712:
Mercer Island History: From Haunted Wilderness to Coveted Community
696:
1854:
Former National Register of Historic Places in Washington (state)
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111:
864:"Lacey V. Murrow becomes Director of Highways on March 20, 1933"
1209:", 7 photos, 20 data pages, 1 photo caption page
948:"That'll be one bridge – to go – The old I-90 closes tomorrow"
1448:
1121:. p. A10. Archived from the original on October 5, 2021
1859:
Historic American Engineering Record in Washington (state)
1021:"Record rains create chaos in parts of western Washington"
348:, was completed in 1989, and named for Hadley in 1993.
608:. American Society of Civil Engineers. pp. 44–47.
410:
and eastbound traffic was resumed in early December.
969:
727:"Building the first Lake Washington floating bridge"
574:. Associated Press. September 13, 1993. p. A12.
680:"George Lightfoot's Vision Spanned Lake Washington"
240:
Governor Albert D. Rosellini Bridge–Evergreen Point
1081:. Associated Press. November 28, 1990. p. B1.
1044:. Associated Press. November 29, 1990. p. A1.
976:
946:
938:
928:"Contractor on old bridge goes after big projects"
678:
553:. Associated Press. November 26, 1990. p. A1.
1536:George Washington Memorial Bridge (Aurora Bridge)
1104:
934:. Associated Press. December 1, 1990. p. A8.
416:
1760:
1198:Bridge Camera, includes some weather information
1139:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1007:Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
901:(1). New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company: 5
1155:"SR 520 - Floating Bridge and Landings Project"
617:
615:
314:, he was the oldest brother of CBS commentator
231:. Westbound traffic is carried by the adjacent
1829:Transportation disasters in Washington (state)
1057:"Surviving I-90 bridge still at mercy of wind"
1809:Monuments and memorials in Washington (state)
1774:Bridge disasters caused by construction error
1434:
1265:
1159:Washington State Department of Transportation
376:Washington State Department of Transportation
131:Washington State Department of Transportation
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547:"Floating bridge collapses after storm hits"
421:WSDOT had lost another floating bridge, the
366:View northeast of bridge, west approach and
262:National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark
16:Floating bridge in Seattle, Washington, U.S.
1844:Construction accidents in the United States
891:"Low Bidder Get Contract on Pontoon Bridge"
735:Washington Office of the Secretary of State
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1750:Italics denote former bridges and tunnels.
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1313:Tacoma Narrows Bridge ("Galloping Gertie")
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838:"Brigadier General Lacey Van Buren Murrow"
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1839:1940 establishments in Washington (state)
1834:Former toll bridges in Washington (state)
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1824:Bridges on the Interstate Highway System
1410:List of Washington state bridge failures
1207:Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Floating Bridge
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840:. United States Air Force. (Biographies)
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292:officer who served as a bomber pilot in
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820:"Gen. Lacey Murrow found dead in hotel"
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1864:Concrete bridges in Washington (state)
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1213:King-5 television video of the sinking
1092:Rosenwald, Lonnie (December 3, 1990).
1085:
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861:
339:system, indicated by lighted overhead
321:The original bridge was built under a
1769:Bridge disasters in the United States
1661:Aubrey Davis Park (Mercer Island Lid)
1422:
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1113:"Last link of I-90 ends 30-year saga"
1111:Reynolds, Peggy (September 9, 1993).
1055:Costello, Nancy (November 27, 1990).
944:
852:
800:. Associated Press. November 26, 1990
709:
557:
524:Costello, Nancy (November 26, 1990).
393:A large storm on November 22–24 (the
1849:Pontoon bridges in the United States
1814:Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks
1203:Historic American Engineering Record
1039:"I-90 bridge opened and shut and..."
632:Burrows, Alyssa (January 18, 2005).
585:Landmarks Alphabetical Listing for L
526:"Flood waters send bridge to bottom"
215:that carries the eastbound lanes of
1019:Cabrera, Luis (November 26, 1990).
725:Zylstra, Brian (January 28, 2011).
510:http://www.historylink.org/File/682
374:the Interstate Highway System. The
252:Along with the east portals of the
13:
1819:Road bridges in Washington (state)
1784:Bridges in King County, Washington
1449:Bridges and tunnels in and around
1075:"Crews rush to anchor I-90 bridge"
660:"G. W. Lightfoot Taken By Death".
14:
1875:
1180:
889:Schmitt, F.E. (January 5, 1939).
756:"Floating Bridge Pays For Itself"
258:official City of Seattle landmark
1348:
945:Gough, William (June 22, 1989).
766:Newspaper Enterprise Association
677:Reynolds, Peggy (May 24, 1989).
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457:
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357:
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31:
1704:Downtown Seattle Transit Tunnel
1551:Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Bridge
1541:Homer M. Hadley Memorial Bridge
1520:Evergreen Point Floating Bridge
1513:Evergreen Point Floating Bridge
1187:Lacey V. Murrow Floating Bridge
1147:
1063:. Associated Press. p. A1.
1027:. Associated Press. p. 6A.
999:
882:
826:. December 17, 1966. p. 3.
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532:. Associated Press. p. 1A.
491:Homer M. Hadley Memorial Bridge
427:Evergreen Point Floating Bridge
346:Homer M. Hadley Memorial Bridge
233:Homer M. Hadley Memorial Bridge
193:Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Bridge
25:Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Bridge
1337:Fourth Avenue Bridge (Olympia)
984:The Seattle Post-Intelligencer
862:Oldham, Kit (March 16, 2005).
653:
625:
597:
578:
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417:Precedents and lessons learned
213:Interstate 90 floating bridges
1:
1566:North Queen Anne Drive Bridge
1094:"Bridge still creates splash"
155:6,620 ft (2,020 m)
7:
1392:West Spokane Street Bridge
987:. June 23, 1989. p. B1
438:
10:
1880:
1607:West Spokane Street Bridge
1467:List of tunnels in Seattle
1462:List of bridges in Seattle
768:. July 19, 1949. p. 3
710:Brahm, Jane Meyer (2013).
486:List of bridges in Seattle
267:
246:the current bridge opened
1794:Bridges completed in 1940
1789:Bridges completed in 1993
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1735:Brightwater sewage tunnel
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761:The Southeast Missourian
530:Lewiston Morning Tribune
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476:United States portal
308:Washington State College
296:, rising to the rank of
254:Mount Baker Ridge Tunnel
1373:I-5 Skagit River bridge
1205:(HAER) No. WA-2, "
895:Engineering News-Record
824:Spokane Daily Chronicle
568:"Floating bridge opens"
378:(WSDOT) decided to use
1719:University Link tunnel
1297:Division Street Bridge
1236:47.58988°N 122.27031°W
590:July 21, 2011, at the
464:Engineering portal
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277:
1714:Northgate Link tunnel
1709:Great Northern Tunnel
1667:Battery Street Tunnel
1656:State Route 99 Tunnel
1591:20th Avenue NE Bridge
1586:Spokane Street Bridge
1129:– via NewsBank.
1009:, v. 9, n. 1, p 4-23.
995:– via NewsBank.
965:– via NewsBank.
365:
275:
1804:Landmarks in Seattle
1329:I-90 Floating Bridge
1241:47.58988; -122.27031
452:Transport portal
341:lane control signals
1601:West Seattle Bridge
1571:Schmitz Park Bridge
1507:East Channel Bridge
1491:Alaskan Way Viaduct
1305:Allen Street Bridge
1232: /
1165:on October 16, 2015
778:Google News Archive
431:a new floating span
256:, the bridge is an
211:. It is one of the
62: /
1779:Bridges in Seattle
1699:Beacon Hill Tunnel
1683:Mount Baker Tunnel
797:The New York Times
371:
368:Mount Baker Tunnel
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176:September 12, 1993
66:47.5899°N 122.27°W
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1673:Convention Center
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1629:Wilburton Trestle
1624:Salmon Bay Bridge
1596:University Bridge
1581:South Park Bridge
1576:Ship Canal Bridge
1546:Jose Rizal Bridge
1502:Cowen Park Bridge
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1118:The Seattle Times
1098:Spokane Chronicle
1042:Spokane Chronicle
954:The Seattle Times
685:The Seattle Times
666:. April 18, 1941.
663:The Seattle Times
606:Civil Engineering
423:Hood Canal Bridge
384:environmental law
299:brigadier general
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93:, eastbound lanes
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137:Characteristics
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1167:. Retrieved
1163:the original
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1123:. Retrieved
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909:– via
905:December 28,
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868:History Link
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350:
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306:graduate of
294:World War II
279:
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192:
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168:July 2, 1940
152:Total length
18:
1239: /
1227:122°16′13″W
639:HistoryLink
408:on Tuesday,
286:(1904–1966)
69: /
57:122°16′12″W
44:Coordinates
1763:Categories
1224:47°35′24″N
1192:Structurae
400:some time.
209:Washington
205:U.S. state
120:Washington
54:47°35′24″N
1385:Incidents
1135:cite news
874:August 8,
844:August 8,
697:NewsBank
588:Archived
439:See also
434:in 2016.
404:severed,
388:pontoons
248:in 1993.
244:in 1989;
181:Location
1728:Utility
1642:Tunnels
1476:Bridges
1451:Seattle
1396:ramming
991:May 15,
961:May 16,
772:May 18,
330:⁄
312:Pullman
268:History
225:Seattle
219:across
203:of the
199:in the
173:Rebuilt
160:History
112:Seattle
98:Crosses
82:Carries
1522:(2016)
1516:(1963)
1399:(1978)
1394:Chavez
1376:(2013)
1368:(1979)
1340:(2001)
1332:(1990)
1324:(1988)
1316:(1940)
1308:(1923)
1300:(1915)
304:A 1925
260:and a
165:Opened
142:Design
122:, U.S.
108:Locale
622:1968.
497:Notes
223:from
195:is a
1692:Rail
1649:Road
1617:Rail
1483:Road
1171:2015
1141:link
1127:2020
993:2018
963:2018
907:2008
876:2018
846:2018
806:2015
774:2010
742:2015
693:2015
647:2015
191:The
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