31:
22:
552:
141:. Later, the commandery's borders gradually expanded as marquessates split from nearby kingdoms were added to the commandery. In late Western Han, Langya covered 51 counties and marquessates, by far the most numerous among all commanderies. After the establishment of Eastern Han, Chengyang was merged into Langya. In 41 AD, the territory was converted to a kingdom/principality and granted to Liu Jing (劉京), son of the
264:
Other evidence to support our argument is that
Western, Asian-style architectural elements such as Hu statue columns and arched doorways (Figure 35) indicate the influence of foreign styles in some of the large, high-grade Han pictorial stone tombs currently found in this region, such as the
149:
and Langya was converted back to a commandery. In 140, Langya administered 13 counties, namely
Kaiyang (開陽), Dongwu (東武), Langya (琅邪), Dongguan (東莞), Xihai (西海), Zhu (諸), Ju (莒), Dong'an (東安), Yangdu (陽都), Linyi (臨沂), Jiqiu (即丘), Zeng (繒), and Gumu (姑幕). The population was 570,967.
153:
In 198, four counties (Ju, Gumu, Zhu, Dongwu) were transferred to the reestablished
Chengyang Commandery. In 280, another commandery, Dongguan was separated from Langya. After the establishment of
937:
1232:
30:
1199:
995:
970:
907:
897:
854:
836:
821:
687:
682:
990:
985:
917:
879:
864:
859:
672:
1048:
932:
922:
831:
980:
927:
965:
21:
912:
1237:
902:
475:
488:
484:
1242:
1227:
1222:
468:
318:
461:
444:
408:
354:
300:
336:
184:, Langya Commandery only administered 2 counties: Jiqiu and Fei (費). It was eventually abolished in early
453:
145:. Jing's descendants held the kingdom until 217 AD, when the last prince of the lineage was killed by
390:
372:
282:
134:
426:
196:
165:. After the death of Zhou, Langya passed to his son Jin (覲), and then to Jin's son Rui, the future
133:
From 181 BC to 180 BC, Langya briefly served as the fief of Liu Ze (劉澤), who became the king of
563:
142:
138:
1119:
1099:
1033:
1013:
740:
735:
629:
624:
571:
123:
8:
1129:
1056:
1028:
816:
773:
768:
702:
526:
166:
119:
1182:
1177:
1109:
1018:
960:
826:
806:
783:
745:
725:
692:
255:
177:
84:
1162:
1157:
1149:
1139:
1134:
1124:
1114:
1061:
1038:
975:
955:
869:
778:
644:
639:
521:
349:
331:
313:
259:
127:
1187:
1167:
1076:
1066:
763:
707:
697:
654:
634:
581:
576:
516:
511:
439:
245:
173:
64:
250:
1172:
1094:
1071:
1023:
677:
649:
619:
591:
541:
536:
233:
76:
69:
1104:
947:
811:
614:
586:
1216:
1005:
874:
846:
798:
788:
755:
596:
503:
208:
39:
1086:
664:
192:
181:
92:
483:
889:
717:
606:
551:
492:
421:
403:
385:
367:
295:
277:
185:
154:
115:
107:
88:
51:
204:
111:
79:
72:
234:"The hybrid origin of the dragon-wrapped column in Han dynasty China"
158:
531:
96:
47:
162:
146:
118:, parts of Langya were separated to form three new commanderies,
100:
212:
265:
afore-mentioned Wu
Baizhuang 吳白莊 tomb in Linyi 臨 沂, Shandong.
200:
43:
195:
dynasties, Langya
Commandery became the alternative name of
199:. In 742, the commandery's territory covered 5 counties:
169:. In 280, Langya had a population of 29,500 households.
42:
statues from Wu
Baizhuang tomb (吳白莊), Langya Commandery,
215:(新泰). The population was 195,737, in 33,510 households.
238:
172:
Multiple new commanderies were established over the
1214:
469:
476:
462:
1233:Commanderies of the Jin dynasty (266–420)
249:
556:Han provinces and commanderies in 219 CE
432:
231:
1238:Commanderies of the Northern dynasties
1215:
457:
95:, located in present-day southeast
13:
106:The commandery was established in
14:
1254:
550:
29:
20:
1243:Commanderies of the Sui dynasty
1228:Commanderies of the Han dynasty
1223:Commanderies of the Qin dynasty
414:
232:Guan, Liu; Bing, Huang (2023).
396:
378:
360:
342:
324:
306:
288:
270:
225:
1:
251:10.1080/13467581.2022.2153057
218:
110:on the former territories of
157:, Langya became the fief of
7:
10:
1259:
548:
1196:
1148:
1085:
1047:
1004:
946:
888:
845:
797:
754:
716:
663:
605:
562:
502:
87:in historical China from
68:
161:, the fourth son of
114:. From Qin to early
167:Emperor Yuan of Jin
139:Lü Clan Disturbance
178:Northern Dynasties
1210:
1209:
1205:
1204:(202 BC – 220 AD)
1049:Shuofang Province
557:
497:
350:Book of Later Han
332:Book of Later Han
314:Book of Later Han
61:Langya Commandery
1250:
1203:
1150:Jiaozhi Province
555:
554:
495:
478:
471:
464:
455:
454:
448:
440:New Book of Tang
436:
430:
418:
412:
400:
394:
382:
376:
364:
358:
346:
340:
328:
322:
310:
304:
292:
286:
274:
268:
267:
253:
244:(4): 1970–1994.
229:
174:Sixteen Kingdoms
82:
33:
24:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1192:
1144:
1081:
1043:
1000:
942:
884:
841:
793:
750:
712:
659:
601:
558:
546:
498:
482:
452:
451:
437:
433:
419:
415:
401:
397:
383:
379:
365:
361:
347:
343:
329:
325:
311:
307:
293:
289:
275:
271:
230:
226:
221:
143:Emperor Guangwu
58:
57:
56:
55:
36:
35:
34:
26:
25:
12:
11:
5:
1256:
1246:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1208:
1207:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1154:
1152:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1091:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1053:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1010:
1008:
1002:
1001:
999:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
952:
950:
948:Liang Province
944:
943:
941:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
894:
892:
886:
885:
883:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
851:
849:
843:
842:
840:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
803:
801:
795:
794:
792:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
760:
758:
752:
751:
749:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
722:
720:
714:
713:
711:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
669:
667:
661:
660:
658:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
611:
609:
603:
602:
600:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
568:
566:
560:
559:
549:
547:
545:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
514:
508:
506:
500:
499:
481:
480:
473:
466:
458:
450:
449:
431:
413:
395:
377:
359:
341:
323:
305:
287:
269:
223:
222:
220:
217:
99:and northeast
38:
37:
28:
27:
19:
18:
17:
16:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1255:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1202:
1201:
1195:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1006:Bing Province
1003:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
953:
951:
949:
945:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
895:
893:
891:
887:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
852:
850:
848:
847:Yang Province
844:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
804:
802:
800:
799:Jing Province
796:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
761:
759:
757:
756:Qing Province
753:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
723:
721:
719:
715:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
670:
668:
666:
662:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
612:
610:
608:
604:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
569:
567:
565:
561:
553:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
509:
507:
505:
501:
494:
490:
486:
479:
474:
472:
467:
465:
460:
459:
456:
446:
442:
441:
435:
428:
424:
423:
417:
410:
406:
405:
399:
392:
388:
387:
381:
374:
370:
369:
363:
356:
352:
351:
345:
338:
334:
333:
327:
320:
316:
315:
309:
302:
298:
297:
291:
284:
280:
279:
273:
266:
261:
257:
252:
247:
243:
239:
235:
228:
224:
216:
214:
210:
207:, Cheng (丞),
206:
202:
198:
197:Yi Prefecture
194:
189:
187:
183:
179:
175:
170:
168:
164:
160:
156:
151:
148:
144:
140:
136:
131:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
104:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
81:
78:
74:
71:
66:
62:
53:
49:
45:
41:
32:
23:
1198:
1087:You Province
730:
665:Yan Province
489:commanderies
438:
434:
420:
416:
402:
398:
384:
380:
366:
362:
348:
344:
330:
326:
312:
308:
294:
290:
276:
272:
263:
241:
237:
227:
190:
182:Northern Wei
180:periods. In
171:
152:
132:
105:
93:Tang dynasty
60:
59:
890:Yi Province
718:Xu Province
607:Ji Province
564:Yu Province
493:Han dynasty
422:Book of Sui
409:Chapter 106
404:Book of Wei
386:Book of Jin
368:Book of Jin
355:Chapter 111
296:Book of Han
278:Book of Han
191:In Sui and
186:Sui dynasty
155:Western Jin
116:Han dynasty
108:Qin dynasty
89:Qin dynasty
52:Eastern Han
1217:Categories
1120:Youbeiping
445:Chapter 38
427:Chapter 31
391:Chapter 15
373:Chapter 38
337:Chapter 42
301:Chapter 28
283:Chapter 35
219:References
137:after the
85:commandery
1200:Full list
1100:Guangyang
1034:Dingxiang
1014:Shangdang
938:Yongchang
741:Guangling
736:Pengcheng
630:Zhongshan
625:Changshan
572:Yingchuan
542:Youfufeng
537:Zuopingyi
485:Provinces
319:Chapter 1
260:256778140
211:(沂水) and
159:Sima Zhou
124:Chengyang
1130:Liaodong
1057:Shuofang
1029:Yunzhong
996:Dunhuang
971:Jincheng
908:Guanghan
898:Hanzhong
855:Jiujiang
837:Changsha
822:Lingling
817:Jiangxia
769:Pingyuan
703:Shanyang
688:Rencheng
683:Dongping
532:Jingzhao
527:Hongnong
496:(140 AD)
120:Jiaodong
97:Shandong
83:) was a
48:Shandong
1183:Jiuzhen
1178:Jiaozhi
1110:Shanggu
1019:Taiyuan
991:Jiuquan
986:Zhangye
961:Hanyang
918:Jianwei
880:Yuzhang
865:Lujiang
860:Danyang
827:Guiyang
807:Nanyang
784:Donglai
746:Linhuai
726:Donghai
693:Taishan
673:Chenliu
491:of the
163:Sima Yi
147:Cao Cao
101:Jiangsu
65:Chinese
54:period.
50:. Late
1163:Cangwu
1158:Nanhai
1140:Lelang
1135:Xuantu
1125:Liaoxi
1115:Yuyang
1062:Wuyuan
1039:Yanmen
976:Anding
956:Longxi
933:Yizhou
923:Zangke
870:Kuaiji
832:Wuling
779:Beihai
731:Langya
650:Handan
645:Qinghe
640:Hejian
522:Hedong
258:
213:Xintai
209:Yishui
128:Jiaoxi
67::
1188:Rinan
1168:Yulin
1077:Beidi
1067:Shang
981:Wuwei
928:Yuexi
774:Le'an
764:Jinan
708:Jiyin
698:Jibei
655:Bohai
635:Xindu
582:Liang
577:Runan
517:Henei
512:Henan
256:S2CID
201:Linyi
44:Linyi
1173:Hepu
1095:Zhuo
1072:Xihe
1024:Xihe
966:Wudu
678:Dong
620:Julu
592:Chen
504:Sili
487:and
193:Tang
176:and
126:and
1105:Dai
913:Shu
812:Nan
615:Wei
587:Pei
246:doi
205:Fei
135:Yan
130:.
91:to
1219::
903:Ba
875:Wu
789:Qi
597:Lu
443:,
425:,
407:,
389:,
371:,
353:,
335:,
317:,
299:,
281:,
262:.
254:.
242:22
240:.
236:.
203:,
188:.
122:,
112:Qi
103:.
77:琅琊
75:,
70:琅邪
46:,
40:Hu
477:e
470:t
463:v
447:.
429:.
411:.
393:.
375:.
357:.
339:.
321:.
303:.
285:.
248::
80:郡
73:郡
63:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
