156:, the caliph, upon receiving Leo's letter of refusal, sent a letter requesting answers to some difficult questions of geometry and astrology, which Leo obliged. Al-Mamun then offered two thousands pounds of gold and a perpetual peace to Theophilos, if only he could borrow Leo's services briefly; the request was declined. The emperor then honoured Leo by having John the Grammarian consecrate him
164:, which post he held from the spring of 840 to 843. There is a discrepancy in this account, however, in that the caliph died in 833. It has been suggested that either the connection between the caliph's final letter and Leo's appointment as metropolitan is in error, or the caliph in question was actually al-Mutasim. This latter option squares with the account of
119:, where he could obtain rare manuscripts and was taught mathematics by an old monk. He originally taught privately in obscurity in Constantinople. The story goes that when one of his students was captured during the
175:
in 843. Despite this, he delivered a sermon favourable of icons within months of
Theophilos' death. Around 855, Leo was appointed at the head of a newly established Magnaura School by
130:
was so impressed by his knowledge of mathematics, providing proofs that his own scholars were unable to complete, and predictive abilities that he offered Leo great riches to come to
372:
179:. He was renowned for his philosophical, mathematical, medical, scientific, literary, philological, seismological, astronomic, and astrological learning, and was patronised by
1280:
1020:
663:
Treadgold, "Chronological
Accuracy ", 187, believes, on the basis of the Logothete's account, that this occurred in 843 and was a re-founding of Theophilos' school.
223:, and was also a compiler, who brought together a wide range of philosophical, medical, and astronomic texts. His library can at least partially be reconstructed:
1098:
115:
descent. In his youth he was educated at
Constantinople, but found higher education options limited in the city and thus travelled to the monasteries of
855:
1386:
207:, such as trees with moving birds, roaring lions, and a levitating imperial throne. The throne was in operation a century later, when
1416:
1401:
1371:
1411:
537:
Byzantine
Humanism: The First Phase: Notes and Remarks on Education and Culture in Byzantium from Its Origins to the 10th Century
1396:
778:
848:
441:
203:
to
Constantinople, which gave advance warning of Arab raids, as well as diplomatic communication. Leo also invented several
1376:
826:
1381:
806:
757:
682:
396:
1211:
841:
283:
Recent years have seen the first translations into
English of a number of primary sources about Leo and his times.
1266:
1228:
1406:
1291:
263:. He composed his own medical encyclopaedia. Later Byzantine scholars sometimes confused Leo with the scholar
1391:
1307:
483:
1366:
1191:
1168:
713:
Treadgold, Warren T. (1979). "The
Revival of Byzantine Learning and the Revival of the Byzantine State".
184:
104:
1118:
1066:
864:
188:
108:
76:
319:
Chronographiae quae
Theophanis Continuati nomine fertur Liber quo Vita Basilii Imperatoris amplectitur
1093:
1079:
1071:
822:
797:
Among them are some centos preserved in the
Palatine Anthology; see Prieto Domínguez, Óscar (2011),
619:
Symeon says the
Magnaura, Continuatus the Forty Martyrs (Treadgold, "Chronological Accuracy ", 186).
1299:
938:
146:
192:
120:
1160:
570:
322:
292:
248:
153:
60:
171:
Leo, an iconoclast sometimes accused of paganism, lost his metropolitancy with the end of the
997:
700:
The Entry of the Slavs into Christendom: An Introduction to the Medieval History of the Slavs
585:
433:
427:
773:
For a detailed discussion of Leo's telegraph and his automata, see Leone Montagnini (2002),
314:), Canberra: Australian Association for Byzantine Studies; Byzantina Australiensia 11, 1998.
1361:
987:
208:
172:
165:
138:
64:
52:
168:, who makes Leo teach at the Magnaura from late 838 to early 840 and was paid handsomely.
8:
252:
240:
157:
409:
1144:
730:
602:
296:
264:
236:
577:
and puts the invitation after the Islamic conquest of Amorium in the fall of 838, cf.
802:
753:
678:
437:
392:
135:
124:
1139:
1046:
774:
722:
594:
517:
497:
The Glory of Byzantium: Art and Culture of the Middle Byzantine Era, A.D. 843—1261.
219:
Most of Leo's writings have been lost. He wrote book-length works, poems, and many
1134:
1126:
782:
566:
550:
311:
268:
1152:
344:
84:
27:
458:История отечественной математики. Том 1. С древнейших времен до конца XVIII в.
336:, Liverpool University Press; Translated Texts for Byzantinists, vol. 7, 2019.
1355:
801:. Estudios Filológicos, 328. Salamanca: Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca.
161:
833:
521:
300:
180:
141:, who, impressed by his international repute, conferred on him a school (
67:. His only preserved writings are some notes contained in manuscripts of
375:, which occurred during the Feast of St. Polyeuktos on January 9th, 869.
734:
606:
574:
332:
Wahlgren, Staffan (translator, writer of introduction and commentary).
260:
224:
196:
371:
written by Pseudo-Symeon the Logothete mentions that Leo survives the
287:
Featherstone, Jeffrey Michael and Signes-Codoñer, Juan (translators).
903:
367:
132.4. Symeon the Logothete as well as the separate recension of the
112:
775:"Leone il Matematico, un anello mancante nella storia della scienza"
726:
598:
220:
204:
127:
100:
80:
72:
56:
289:
Chronographiae quae Theophanis Continuati nomine fertur Libri I-IV
75:" and "the cleverest man in Byzantium in the 9th century". He was
553:
326:
244:
200:
131:
88:
579:
Treadgold, Warren T. (1979). "The Chronological Accuracy of the
549:
According to the Pseudo-Symeon, this student was Boïditzes, who
486:, in: Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Κωνσταντινούπολη, 2008
272:
228:
176:
116:
232:
68:
31:
573:
between 829 and 833; Symeon the Logothete makes the caliph
539:. Translated by Helen, Lindsay. Leiden: Brill. p. 172.
675:
The Reign of Leo VI (886–912): Politics and People
799:
De Alieno Nostrum: el Centón profano en el mundo griego
583:
of Symeon the Logothete for the Years 813–845".
702:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 33.
721:(5). American Historical Association: 1245–1266 .
512:Browning, Robert (1964). "Byzantine Scholarship".
499:Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1997, p. 351
429:The Oxford illustrated history of medieval Europe
347:, active 1081), Cambridge University Press, 2010.
211:witnessed it during his visit to Constantinople.
16:Byzantine philosopher, mathematician and logician
1353:
750:Heaven on Earth: Art and the Church in Byzantium
821:Katerina Ierodiakonou and Börje Bydén (2008),
191:was his student. Leo has been credited with a
145:) in either the Magnaura or the church of the
849:
706:
134:. Leo took the letter from the caliph to the
752:. Pittsburgh: Penn State Press. p. 30.
639:A history of the Byzantine state and society
863:
666:
432:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p.
856:
842:
741:
691:
628:Treadgold, "Chronological Accuracy ", 172.
507:
505:
712:
578:
383:
381:
341:A synopsis of Byzantine history, 811-1057
195:(an optical telegraph) stretching across
71:'s dialogues. He has been called a "true
511:
421:
419:
259:of Quirinus and Marcellus, and possibly
152:In the version of the story recorded by
672:
534:
502:
1354:
747:
697:
425:
378:
837:
416:
295:Books I-IV, comprising the reigns of
20:Leo the Mathematician, the Grammarian
652:The Byzantine Revival, 780–842
303:), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2015.
51:– after January 9, 869) was a
827:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
460:, Киев, Наукова Думка, 1966, p. 447
13:
389:Daily Life in the Byzantine Empire
278:
14:
1428:
1387:Byzantine bishops of Thessalonica
815:
654:(Stanford University Press), 372.
641:(Stanford University Press), 447.
473:, т. 3, Москва, 1964, pp. 156—157
79:and later became the head of the
1417:9th-century Greek mathematicians
1402:9th-century Byzantine scientists
1372:9th-century Byzantine physicians
764:Records Liutprand's description.
791:
767:
657:
644:
631:
622:
613:
559:
543:
528:
65:the Second Byzantine Iconoclasm
1412:9th-century Greek philosophers
715:The American Historical Review
677:. Leiden: Brill. p. 113.
489:
476:
463:
450:
402:
373:869 AD Earthquake of Byzantium
357:
334:The Chronicle of the Logothete
1:
1397:9th-century Byzantine writers
1080:Constantine III Mesopotamites
1072:Constantine III Mesopotamites
391:(Greenwood Publishing Group,
387:Marcus Louis Rautman (2006),
308:On the reigns of the emperors
45:
786:Studi sull'Oriente Cristiano
650:Warren T. Treadgold (1988),
637:Warren T. Treadgold (1997),
329:), Berlin: De Gruyter, 2011.
7:
484:Armenians in Constantinople
469:Философская Энциклопедия ,
185:Photios I of Constantinople
105:Patriarch of Constantinople
10:
1433:
1377:9th-century mathematicians
1281:Joseph III the Hieromartyr
1067:Eustathius of Thessalonica
495:H. C. Evans, W. D. Wixom,
77:archbishop of Thessalonica
32:
871:
317:Ševčenko, Ihor (trans.).
121:Byzantine–Arab Wars
1382:9th-century philosophers
939:Eusebius of Thessalonica
410:"History of the Pianola"
351:
339:Wortley, John (trans.).
306:Kaldellis, A. (trans.).
214:
1199:Joasaph II Argyropoulos
1021:Basil III the Confessor
865:Bishops of Thessalonica
823:"Byzantine Philosophy."
673:Tougher, Shaun (1997).
426:Holmes, George (1990).
325:comprising the Life of
94:
1161:Symeon of Thessalonica
1017:John IV the Thessalian
748:Safran, Linda (1998).
698:Vlasto, A. P. (1970).
571:Theophanes Continuatus
535:Lemerle, Paul (2017).
363:Symeon the Logothete,
323:Theophanes Continuatus
293:Theophanes Continuatus
154:Theophanes Continuatus
61:Macedonian Renaissance
1407:Byzantine astronomers
998:Anthony the Confessor
586:Dumbarton Oaks Papers
271:, and ascribe to him
53:Byzantine philosopher
1392:People from Thessaly
1090:Michael II Palatanos
988:Joseph the Confessor
963:Under Constantinople
482:Trkulja J., Lees C.
412:. Pianola Institute.
209:Liutprand of Cremona
166:Symeon the Logothete
59:associated with the
38:Léōn ho Mathēmatikós
1135:Gregory III Palamas
993:Leo the Philosopher
522:10.1093/past/28.1.3
253:Apollonius of Perga
241:Theon of Alexandria
109:John the Grammarian
1367:9th-century deaths
1145:Nicholas Kabasilas
1099:Joannicius Kydones
781:2013-10-17 at the
297:Leo V the Armenian
265:Leo Choirosphaktes
237:Paul of Alexandria
183:and befriended by
103:, a cousin of the
89:Aristotelian logic
87:, where he taught
33:Λέων ὁ Μαθηματικός
1349:
1348:
1063:Basil IV of Ohrid
443:978-0-19-285435-3
193:system of beacons
136:Byzantine emperor
83:of philosophy in
1424:
1140:Neilos Kabasilas
858:
851:
844:
835:
834:
810:
795:
789:
788:, 6 (2), 89–108.
771:
765:
763:
745:
739:
738:
710:
704:
703:
695:
689:
688:
670:
664:
661:
655:
648:
642:
635:
629:
626:
620:
617:
611:
610:
563:
557:
547:
541:
540:
532:
526:
525:
514:Past and Present
509:
500:
493:
487:
480:
474:
467:
461:
454:
448:
447:
423:
414:
413:
406:
400:
399:), 294–95.
385:
376:
361:
343:(the history of
310:(the history of
267:and the emperor
99:Leo was born in
50:
47:
36:or ὁ Φιλόσοφος,
35:
34:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1345:
867:
862:
818:
813:
796:
792:
783:Wayback Machine
772:
768:
760:
746:
742:
727:10.2307/1861467
711:
707:
696:
692:
685:
671:
667:
662:
658:
649:
645:
636:
632:
627:
623:
618:
614:
599:10.2307/1291437
567:Joseph Genesius
564:
560:
548:
544:
533:
529:
510:
503:
494:
490:
481:
477:
468:
464:
456:Штокало И. З.,
455:
451:
444:
424:
417:
408:
407:
403:
386:
379:
362:
358:
354:
312:Joseph Genesios
281:
279:Primary sources
269:Leo VI the Wise
217:
97:
81:Magnaura School
73:Renaissance man
63:and the end of
48:
24:the Philosopher
17:
12:
11:
5:
1430:
1420:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1339:Panteleimon II
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1312:Callinicus III
1310:
1305:
1302:
1297:
1294:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1166:
1163:
1158:
1155:
1150:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1129:
1124:
1121:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1077:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1054:Constantine II
1052:
1049:
1044:
1043:Constantine II
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
982:
979:
976:
973:
970:
960:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
936:
933:
930:
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
909:
906:
901:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
880:
872:
869:
868:
861:
860:
853:
846:
838:
832:
831:
817:
816:External links
814:
812:
811:
790:
766:
758:
740:
705:
690:
683:
665:
656:
643:
630:
621:
612:
558:
556:to the caliph.
542:
527:
501:
488:
475:
462:
449:
442:
415:
401:
377:
355:
353:
350:
349:
348:
345:John Scylitzes
337:
330:
321:(Chronicle of
315:
304:
291:(Chronicle of
280:
277:
216:
213:
143:ekpaideutērion
96:
93:
85:Constantinople
42:ho Philósophos
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1429:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1333:Panteleimon I
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1321:Athanasius II
1320:
1318:Sophronius II
1317:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1300:Callinicus II
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1271:Damascenus II
1270:
1268:
1267:Theodosius II
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1233:Anastasius II
1232:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1182:Gregory-David
1181:
1179:Theophanes II
1178:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
969:Constantine I
968:
967:
966:
964:
957:
954:
951:
948:
945:
942:
940:
937:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
910:
907:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
877:
875:
870:
866:
859:
854:
852:
847:
845:
840:
839:
836:
829:
828:
824:
820:
819:
809:, p. 120-179.
808:
807:9788478002085
804:
800:
794:
787:
784:
780:
776:
770:
761:
759:0-271-01670-1
755:
751:
744:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
709:
701:
694:
686:
684:90-04-10811-4
680:
676:
669:
660:
653:
647:
640:
634:
625:
616:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
587:
582:
576:
572:
568:
565:According to
562:
555:
552:
546:
538:
531:
523:
519:
515:
508:
506:
498:
492:
485:
479:
472:
471:Лев Математик
466:
459:
453:
445:
439:
435:
431:
430:
422:
420:
411:
405:
398:
397:0-313-32437-9
394:
390:
384:
382:
374:
370:
369:Chronographia
366:
365:Chronographia
360:
356:
346:
342:
338:
335:
331:
328:
324:
320:
316:
313:
309:
305:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
285:
284:
276:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
212:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
169:
167:
163:
159:
155:
150:
148:
147:Forty Martyrs
144:
140:
137:
133:
129:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
92:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
43:
39:
29:
25:
21:
1324:Alexander II
1304:Neophytus II
1288:Macarius III
1219:Callinicus I
1216:Damascenus I
1212:Athanasius I
1202:Sophronius I
1149:Dorotheus II
1034:Theophanes I
992:
962:
961:
935:Theodosius I
914:Anastasius I
873:
825:
798:
793:
785:
769:
749:
743:
718:
714:
708:
699:
693:
674:
668:
659:
651:
646:
638:
633:
624:
615:
590:
584:
580:
561:
545:
536:
530:
513:
496:
491:
478:
470:
465:
457:
452:
428:
404:
388:
368:
364:
359:
340:
333:
318:
307:
288:
282:
256:
218:
170:
162:Thessalonica
158:metropolitan
151:
142:
111:. He was of
98:
41:
37:
23:
19:
18:
1362:790s births
1308:Joachim III
1292:Meletius II
1263:Neophytus I
1257:Gabriel III
1248:Ignatius II
1242:Ignatius II
1188:Metrophanes
1173:Macarius II
1165:Gregory III
1127:Ignatius II
1115:Euphemianus
1084:Nicetas III
1076:Chrysanthus
923:Dorotheus I
888:Alexander I
516:(28): 7–8.
301:Michael III
255:, the lost
181:Theoktistos
1356:Categories
1327:Joachim IV
1315:Gregory IV
1285:Matthew II
1254:Joachim II
1236:Meletius I
1222:Theocletus
1208:Parthenius
1192:Gabriel II
1153:Isidore II
1131:Macarius I
1123:Gregory II
1106:Ignatius I
1051:Nicetas II
1037:Prometheus
981:Theophilus
975:Anastasius
882:Nicholas I
874:Under Rome
575:al-Mutasim
261:Thucydides
225:Archimedes
197:Asia Minor
173:Iconoclasm
139:Theophilos
49: 790
1330:Gennadius
1296:Ieronymus
1277:Gerasimus
1274:James III
1239:Methodius
1229:Dionysius
1225:Joachim I
1196:Matthew I
1185:Joasaph I
1157:Gabriel I
1103:Demetrius
1087:Joseph II
1047:Michael I
1040:Theodulus
1031:Nicetas I
1028:Isidore I
1025:Anatolius
1014:Methodius
1011:Gregory I
932:Thalaleus
926:Aristides
917:Auxitheus
904:Ascholius
581:Chronicle
257:Mechanics
1342:Anthimos
1336:Leonidas
1260:Spyridon
1245:James II
1005:Theodore
1002:Basil II
955:John III
946:Plotinus
900:Paulinus
885:Artemius
779:Archived
551:betrayed
249:Porphyry
221:epigrams
205:automata
128:al-Mamun
113:Armenian
101:Thessaly
57:logician
1251:Ananias
1205:Zosimas
1176:Theonas
1169:Nephon
1060:Romanus
1008:Paul II
978:Basil I
958:Sergius
949:John II
943:John II
908:Anysius
897:Irenius
735:1861467
607:1291437
593:: 162.
554:Amorium
327:Basil I
273:oracles
245:Proclus
201:Cilicia
132:Baghdad
1119:John V
1112:Jeremy
1094:Manuel
984:Thomas
952:Paul I
920:Andrew
894:Aetius
891:John I
805:
756:
733:
681:
605:
440:
395:
229:Euclid
177:Bardas
125:Caliph
123:, the
117:Andros
1109:James
972:Peter
929:Elias
911:Rufus
879:Gaius
731:JSTOR
603:JSTOR
352:Notes
233:Plato
215:Works
199:from
189:Cyril
69:Plato
28:Greek
803:ISBN
754:ISBN
679:ISBN
569:and
438:ISBN
393:ISBN
95:Life
55:and
1057:Leo
723:doi
595:doi
518:doi
299:to
160:of
40:or
22:or
1358::
965::
876::
777:,
729:.
719:84
717:.
601:.
591:33
589:.
504:^
436:.
434:52
418:^
380:^
275:.
251:,
247:,
243:,
239:,
235:,
231:,
227:,
187:.
149:.
107:,
91:.
46:c.
44:;
30::
857:e
850:t
843:v
830:.
762:.
737:.
725::
687:.
609:.
597::
524:.
520::
446:.
26:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.