261:, which he later retitled "Ulysses" in a letter to his brother that year. The protagonist of the piece was apparently to be based on a Dubliner named Alfred H. Hunter, who, according to Joyce's biographer, Richard Ellmann, was rumored around town to have been from a Jewish background and to have an unfaithful, promiscuous wife. The same source that related this reputation to Ellmann also suggested that on the night of 20 June 1904, an intoxicated Joyce approached a young woman standing alone in St. Stephen's Green and spoke to her just before her escort appeared and, feeling Joyce has insulted his date, proceeded to thrash the future author. Sometime after this, according to the Ellmann's source, Hunter appeared on the scene, helped Joyce to his feet, and walked him home. The incident, if accurate, runs parallel to Bloom's rescue of Stephen Dedalus in the closing scene of the Circe episode of
478:
317:
268:
and, as noted continuously throughout the period in the Dublin press, was involved in nationalist controversies and Home Rule politics where he was well acquainted with John Joyce, Joyce's father. He was elected to the Dublin
Corporation City Council as Usher's Quay Town Councilor from 1901 to 1903 and died in office that final year. Like Bloom, Altman had a son who died in infancy and a father who died by his own hand through accidental poisoning.
427:), and, prompted by the funeral of his friend Paddy Dignam, the death of his child, Rudy. The absence of a son may be what leads him to take a shine to Stephen, for whom he goes out of his way in the book's latter episodes, rescuing him from a brothel, walking him back to his own house, and even offering him a place there to study and work. The reader becomes familiar with Bloom's tolerant, humanistic outlook, his penchant for
458:
argued that Joyce gave the initial impression of Bloom's ordinariness because of the parallel with
Ulysses, whose "normal strategy was to withhold his identity". Others such as Joseph Campbell see him more as an Everyman figure, a world (cosmopolis) traveler who, like Homer's Odysseus "visited the dwellings of many people and considered their ways of thinking" (Odyssey 1.3).
51:
523:
to calm himself. Nevertheless, it is Leo who has the idea of how to make money from a failed play. In the 2001 stage musical and its 2005 film adaptation, after realizing his inner potential, Leo loudly asks "When's it gonna be Bloom's Day?" Hidden in the background of the office of Max
Bialystock is
279:
of Hector (Ettore) Schmitz, who was one of Joyce's favorite students when he was a
Berlitz English language tutor in Trieste. Schmitz was born and raised a Jew but converted to Catholicism to marry. Joyce had many conversations with him about literature, art, his Jewish background, and Judaism. After
267:
Another Dublin-based model for Bloom, and especially as regards the character's nationalist politics, was the successful entrepreneur and municipal politician Albert L. Altman. Altman owned and operated one of the largest salt depots and distributors in the city during Joyce's entire youth in
Ireland
457:
took issue with the view of Bloom as "the little man", citing textual evidence to show that he is taller than average. He also has "relative wealth, an exalted dwelling-place, handsome features, a polysemous wit, a famously beautiful wife". Kenner admitted that the evidence came late in the text. He
288:
Schmitz revealed to his tutor that he too was a novelist, although his first published novels had gone unnoticed by the reading public. After Joyce was given these novels and read them, he declared
Schmitz to be an overlooked important Italian writer and worked during the course of the rest of their
453:, Joyce's biographer, described Bloom as "a nobody", who "has virtually no effect upon the life around him". In this Ellmann found nobility: "The divine part of Bloom is simply his humanity - his assumption of a bond between himself and other created beings."
304:
descent who had hired Joyce as an
English tutor for his daughter Amalia. Popper managed the company of Popper and Blum and it is possible that the name Leopold Bloom was invented by taking Popper's first name and anglicizing the name Blum.
403:
relate a series of encounters and incidents in Bloom's contemporary odyssey through Dublin in the course of the single day of 16 June 1904 (although episodes 1 to 3, 9 and to a lesser extent 7, are primarily concerned with
289:
friendship to get his former pupil's works noticed and published. It has been argued as well that the protagonists of Svevo's novels may have influenced Bloom's personality and habits as a Jewish character.
469:,” also introduced early in the novel, has been linked to one of the doctrines to signify that Bloom is the mature Joyce in another form and that Joyce speaks through him.
392:
on 8 October 1888. The couple has one daughter, Millicent (Milly), born in 1889; their son
Rudolph (Rudy), born in December 1893, died after 11 days. The family lives at
1483:
1106:
423:
As the day unfolds, Bloom's thoughts turn to the affair between Molly and her manager, Hugh 'Blazes' Boylan (obliquely, through, for instance, telltale
1478:
1473:
1423:
963:
895:
443:
chapter). Although Bloom has never been a practicing Jew, converted to Roman
Catholicism to marry Molly, and has in fact received Christian
687:
1025:
447:
on three occasions, he is of partial Jewish descent and is sometimes ridiculed and threatened because of his being perceived as a Jew.
1436:
1007:
540:
1488:
255:
Joyce first started planning a piece in 1906 that he described as "deal with Mr. Hunter" to be included as the final story in
477:
1134:
1458:
465:
to characterize his relation to both
Stephen Dedalus and Leopold Bloom and their relation to each other. The theme of “
1196:
1165:
973:
775:
Partridge, Craig (2016), Juda Loebl Popper of Ostrovec-Lhotka, Bohemia, and His Family, privately printed, pp. 241ff.
745:
653:
628:
603:
738:
James Joyce, Ulysses, and the Construction of Jewish Identity: Culture, Biography, and "the Jew" in Modernist Europe
1463:
941:. Lewisburg, London and Toronto: Bucknell University Press, Associated University Presses. pp. 20–2, 67–91.
946:
1303:
1278:
569:
316:
1298:
866:""Are You Protestant Jews or Roman Catholic Jews?": Literary Representations of Being Jewish in Ireland"
1319:
1219:
381:
1324:
511:
911:
1373:
1468:
1247:
847:
828:
646:
An Irish-Jewish Politician, Joyce's Dublin, and Ulysses: The Life and Times of Albert L. Altman
1395:
1189:
1029:
829:"Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Nausicaa/356 - Wikibooks, open books for an open world"
1341:
486:
292:
The character's name (and maybe some of his personality) may have been inspired by Joyce's
1144:
8:
1418:
1357:
1349:
1293:
1263:
1107:""A Man of Genius Makes No Mistakes": A Joycean Playlist Just in Time for Bloomsday 2015"
372:, changed his name to Rudolph Bloom and later died by suicide), and of Ellen Higgins, an
1135:"The Greatest Jew of all" : James Joyce, Leopold Bloom, and the Modernist Archetype
1268:
1088:
1080:
810:
718:
385:
763:
The mystery lady of Giacomo Joyce. A newly published work reveals an early Molly Bloom
461:
One critic has argued that Joyce used the doctrines of the Incarnation cited early in
432:
1493:
1380:
1288:
1161:
1092:
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942:
741:
669:
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624:
599:
552:
436:
1365:
1182:
1064:
877:
520:
499:
1237:
1206:
1155:
1003:
936:
761:
450:
405:
393:
349:
225:
190:
40:
373:
357:
233:
on 16 June 1904 mirror, on a more mundane and intimate scale, those of Ulysses/
96:
1452:
1242:
1076:
558:
466:
377:
369:
112:
439:
leads to disputes with some of his peers (most notably 'the Citizen' in the
1273:
544:
536:
516:
495:
200:
92:
1232:
1211:
1174:
564:
481:
454:
413:
389:
361:
321:
272:
220:
212:
161:
100:
88:
74:
64:
989:
881:
814:
798:
722:
706:
532:
509:
used the name "Leo Bloom" for the mousy accountant in his film/musical
506:
435:) infidelity. Bloom detests violence, and his relative indifference to
409:
352:
kidneys which gave to his palate a fine tang of faintly scented urine.
1084:
1052:
865:
356:
The Bloom character, born in 1866, is the only son of Rudolf Virág (a
1413:
525:
428:
417:
257:
20:
1068:
787:: virág means "flower" in Hungarian, hence the new surname, "Bloom"
440:
340:, a stuffed roast heart, liverslices fried with crustcrumbs, fried
276:
234:
1388:
740:. Cambridge University Press (published 1996). pp. 155–184.
444:
424:
365:
337:
333:
301:
293:
243:
230:
1157:
The Chronicle of Leopold and Molly Bloom: Ulysses as narrative
1283:
329:
320:
Plaque in memory of Bloom in his (fictional) ancestral home,
238:
707:"The Search for Leopold Bloom: James Joyce and Italo Svevo"
561:'s character George Bowling was modelled on Leopold Bloom.
297:
216:
345:
341:
313:
Bloom is introduced to the reader as a man of appetites:
1008:"'When Will It Be Bloomsday?' June 16 at Symphony Space"
688:"James Joyce and Italo Svevo: the story of a friendship"
50:
897:
Richard Ellmann dies at 69; Eminent James Joyce Scholar
408:, who in the plan of the story is the counterpart of
16:
Fictional protagonist of James Joyce's novel Ulysses
848:"Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Nausicaa/356"
796:
648:. University Press of Florida: James Joyce Series.
1153:
1147:visualisation of Bloom in his first appearance in
550:Jeffrey Meyers suggested in "Orwell's Apocalypse:
704:
1450:
965:Dictionary of Real People and Places in Fiction
670:"James Joyce, Italo Svevo & Leopold Bloom"
1190:
623:. Oxford University Press. pp. 161–162.
760:Hughes, Eileen Lanouette (2 February 1968),
296:acquaintance Leopoldo Popper. Popper was a
1484:People educated at The High School, Dublin
1204:
1197:
1183:
388:. Bloom converted to Catholicism to marry
916:. The Johns Hopkins Press. pp. 43–45
364:who emigrated to Ireland, converted from
1479:Characters in novels of the 20th century
1437:United States v. One Book Called Ulysses
1053:"Orwell, Wells, and "Coming up for Air""
1002:
524:a calendar marked for 16 June, which is
515:. Leo is a nervous accountant, prone to
476:
315:
286:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man,
271:Another model for Bloom was undoubtedly
174:Rudolph (Rudy) Bloom (b. 1893 – d. 1893)
151:Rudolph Bloom (né Rudolf Virág) (father)
1028:. Roger Waters Web Ring. Archived from
961:
735:
643:
618:
593:
229:. His peregrinations and encounters in
1474:Literary characters introduced in 1918
1451:
1050:
909:
863:
539:references Leopold Bloom in his song "
328:Mr. Leopold Bloom ate with relish the
308:
250:
1178:
1141:, 10/11 (2004–2005), pp. 143–162
845:
799:"The Religion of Ellen Higgins Bloom"
934:
348:. But most of all, he liked grilled
332:of beasts and fowls. He liked thick
598:. Viking Press. pp. 112, 128.
13:
1160:. University of California Press.
567:'s song "Rejoyce", from the album
472:
153:Ellen Bloom (née Higgins) (mother)
14:
1505:
1128:
864:Hezser, Catherine (18 May 2005).
484:in costume as Bloom for the play
172:Millicent (Milly) Bloom (b. 1889)
55:Drawing of Leopold Bloom by Joyce
894:Goodman, Walter (14 May 1987).
577:Bloom is mentioned in the song.
49:
1099:
1044:
1018:
996:
982:
962:Rintoul, M. C. (5 March 2014).
955:
928:
903:
888:
857:
839:
821:
790:
778:
596:Selected Letters of James Joyce
280:Joyce allowed him to read both
852:Well the foreskin is not back.
769:
754:
729:
698:
680:
662:
637:
612:
587:
1:
1489:Male characters in literature
1145:Ulysses Seen – ch. IV Calypso
1026:"The Flickering Flame Lyrics"
580:
1304:Museum of Literature Ireland
797:Steinberg, Erwin R. (1986).
7:
1299:National Library of Ireland
1154:John Henry Raleigh (1977).
938:"Ulysses" and the Irish God
935:Lang, Frederick K. (1993).
10:
1510:
1459:Ulysses (novel) characters
1051:Hunter, Jefferson (1980).
705:Staley, Thomas F. (1964).
182:Lipoti Virag (grandfather)
18:
1406:
1333:
1312:
1274:Howth Castle and Environs
1256:
1218:
992:. IMDb. 10 November 1968.
884:– via Project MUSE.
619:Ellmann, Richard (1982).
594:Ellmann, Richard (1975).
570:After Bathing at Baxter's
196:
186:
178:
168:
157:
147:
139:
131:
123:
118:
106:
84:
70:
60:
48:
38:
33:
1279:Sandycove Martello Tower
555:, Modern Fiction Studies
19:Not to be confused with
399:Episodes (chapters) in
119:In-universe information
1464:Fictional Irish people
900:. The New York Times.
736:Davison, Neil (1998).
644:Davison, Neil (2022).
491:
416:celebrate 16 June as '
354:
324:
910:Kenner, Hugh (1987).
846:Joyce, James (1922).
803:James Joyce Quarterly
711:James Joyce Quarterly
573:, concerns the novel
480:
390:Marion (Molly) Tweedy
326:
319:
162:Marion (Molly) Tweedy
1399:(2012 graphic novel)
1342:Ulysses in Nighttown
1137:, Morton P. Levitt,
487:Ulysses in Nighttown
1424:Obscenity trial of
1419:Lilac Bloomsday Run
1032:on 22 February 2019
309:Fictional biography
251:Factual antecedents
28:Fictional character
1269:Glasnevin Cemetery
817:– via JSTOR.
725:– via JSTOR.
674:iseultandbloom.org
543:" as sitting with
492:
382:Clanbrassil Street
325:
241:'s epic poem: The
1446:
1445:
1430:The Little Review
1374:The Sensual World
1289:Sandymount Strand
882:10.1093/mj/kji011
553:Coming Up for Air
502:resembled Bloom.
437:Irish nationalism
211:is the fictional
206:
205:
143:Advertising agent
1501:
1366:Blooms of Dublin
1361:(1982 broadcast)
1294:Sweny's Pharmacy
1264:Davy Byrne's pub
1199:
1192:
1185:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1057:Modern Philology
1048:
1042:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1006:(16 June 2002).
1004:Simonson, Robert
1000:
994:
993:
986:
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979:
959:
953:
952:
932:
926:
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923:
921:
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892:
886:
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861:
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854:
843:
837:
836:
833:en.wikibooks.org
825:
819:
818:
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776:
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751:
733:
727:
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702:
696:
695:
684:
678:
677:
666:
660:
659:
641:
635:
634:
616:
610:
609:
591:
541:Flickering Flame
521:security blanket
505:Writer-director
500:Holbrook Jackson
431:and his (purely
380:. They lived in
275:. Svevo was the
53:
31:
30:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1402:
1369:(1982 operetta)
1329:
1308:
1252:
1238:Stephen Dedalus
1214:
1203:
1168:
1139:Papers on Joyce
1131:
1126:
1125:
1115:
1113:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1049:
1045:
1035:
1033:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1001:
997:
990:"The Producers"
988:
987:
983:
976:
960:
956:
949:
933:
929:
919:
917:
908:
904:
893:
889:
862:
858:
844:
840:
827:
826:
822:
795:
791:
783:
779:
774:
770:
759:
755:
748:
734:
730:
703:
699:
692:The Irish Times
686:
685:
681:
668:
667:
663:
656:
642:
638:
631:
617:
613:
606:
592:
588:
583:
475:
473:Popular culture
451:Richard Ellmann
406:Stephen Dedalus
394:7 Eccles Street
311:
284:and a draft of
253:
173:
152:
111:
99:
95:
91:
80:Leopoldo Popper
79:
77:
56:
29:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1507:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1469:Fictional Jews
1466:
1461:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1440:
1433:
1421:
1416:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1396:Ulysses "Seen"
1392:
1385:
1377:
1370:
1362:
1354:
1346:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1327:
1322:
1320:Gilbert schema
1316:
1314:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
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1254:
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1216:
1215:
1202:
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1194:
1187:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1166:
1151:
1142:
1130:
1129:External links
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1124:
1123:
1098:
1069:10.1086/391004
1043:
1017:
995:
981:
974:
954:
947:
927:
902:
887:
876:(2): 159–188.
870:Modern Judaism
856:
838:
820:
809:(3): 350–355.
789:
777:
768:
766:Life Magazine.
753:
746:
728:
697:
679:
661:
654:
636:
629:
611:
604:
585:
584:
582:
579:
519:, who keeps a
474:
471:
374:Irish Catholic
310:
307:
252:
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223:'s 1922 novel
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68:
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58:
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36:
35:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1506:
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1422:
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1412:
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1405:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1391:" (2007 song)
1390:
1386:
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1382:
1378:
1376:" (1989 song)
1375:
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1368:
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1363:
1360:
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1355:
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1336:
1332:
1326:
1325:Linati schema
1323:
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1300:
1297:
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1243:Buck Mulligan
1241:
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1234:
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1228:Leopold Bloom
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1167:0-520-03301-9
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991:
985:
977:
975:9781136119408
971:
968:. Routledge.
967:
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906:
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749:
747:0-521-55181-1
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655:9780813069555
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630:0-19-503381-7
626:
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607:
605:0-670-63190-6
601:
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578:
576:
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571:
566:
562:
560:
559:George Orwell
556:
554:
548:
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542:
538:
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527:
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518:
517:panic attacks
514:
513:
512:The Producers
508:
503:
501:
497:
489:
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479:
470:
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467:reincarnation
464:
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411:
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397:
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391:
387:
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378:uncircumcised
375:
371:
370:Protestantism
367:
363:
359:
358:Hungarian Jew
353:
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113:Henry Goodman
109:
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110:Ronnie Walsh
93:David Suchet
85:Portrayed by
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1384:(2003 film)
1353:(1967 film)
1345:(1958 play)
1334:Adaptations
1248:The Citizen
1233:Molly Bloom
1212:James Joyce
1036:14 November
621:James Joyce
565:Grace Slick
494:Joyce told
482:Zero Mostel
455:Hugh Kenner
414:aficionados
396:in Dublin.
362:Szombathely
322:Szombathely
273:Italo Svevo
221:James Joyce
213:protagonist
197:Nationality
191:Catholicism
101:Stephen Rea
97:Milo O'Shea
89:Zero Mostel
75:Italo Svevo
65:James Joyce
1453:Categories
1220:Characters
1116:7 November
948:0838751504
581:References
533:Pink Floyd
507:Mel Brooks
433:epistolary
410:Telemachus
386:Portobello
140:Occupation
61:Created by
1414:Bloomsday
1257:Locations
1093:162037316
1077:0026-8232
913:"Ulysses"
535:bandmate
526:Bloomsday
429:voyeurism
425:ear worms
418:Bloomsday
412:). Joyce
282:Dubliners
258:Dubliners
179:Relatives
164:(m. 1888)
107:Voiced by
44:character
21:Leo Bloom
1494:Everyman
1313:Analysis
1012:Playbill
815:25476739
723:25486462
575:Ulysses;
376:. He is
338:gizzards
302:Bohemian
263:Ulysses.
235:Odysseus
187:Religion
169:Children
132:Nickname
71:Based on
1426:Ulysses
1389:Air War
1358:Ulysses
1350:Ulysses
1207:Ulysses
1149:Ulysses
920:1 March
557:" that
531:Former
463:Ulysses
445:baptism
441:Cyclops
401:Ulysses
366:Judaism
342:hencods
294:Trieste
244:Odyssey
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350:mutton
334:giblet
231:Dublin
158:Spouse
148:Family
1407:Other
1381:Bloom
1284:Monto
1111:FLOOD
1089:S2CID
1081:JSTOR
811:JSTOR
719:JSTOR
498:that
360:from
239:Homer
201:Irish
135:Poldy
124:Alias
1162:ISBN
1118:2020
1073:ISSN
1038:2016
970:ISBN
943:ISBN
922:2024
785:Note
742:ISBN
650:ISBN
625:ISBN
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346:roes
217:hero
215:and
1428:in
1210:by
1065:doi
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420:'.
368:to
300:of
298:Jew
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