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216:(1818–1897). Before Lewis was born, his mother and father escaped from slavery in Virginia and fled to Chelsea, Massachusetts on October 4, 1842. The day they arrived in Boston, George was recognized by a colleague of his former slave owner and was arrested a few days later, on October 20, 1842. George's trial received great notoriety; he was represented by
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Latimer received a patent on
September 13, 1881, along with Joseph V. Nichols, for a method of attaching carbon filaments to conducting wires within an electric lamp, and another patent on January 17, 1882, for a "process of manufacturing carbons", a method for the production of carbon filaments for
283:, the daughter of Louisa M. and William Lewis. The couple had two daughters, Emma Jeanette (1883–1978) and Louise Rebecca (1890–1963). Jeanette married Gerald Fitzherbert Norman, the first black person hired as a high school teacher in the New York City public school system, and had two children:
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are the last surviving buildings on their original foundations of this community.) Other family members already living there were his brother, George A. Latimer, his wife, Jane, his sister, Margaret, and her husband, Augustus T. Hawley, and their children. Mary died in
Bridgeport in 1924.
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ruled individual slaves needed to prove they had the consent of their owner to legally become free; prior to this ruling, many slaves had attained freedom by escaping into free states and becoming state citizens, which gave them some protection from the efforts of
338:. While Latimer was there he invented a modification to the process for making carbon filaments which aimed to reduce breakages during the carbonization process. This modification consisted of placing filament blanks inside a cardboard envelope during
272:, ruler, and other drafting tools. Later, after his boss recognized his talent for sketching patent drawings, Latimer was promoted to the position of head draftsman earning $ 20.00 a week by 1872 ($ 438.59 today).
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In 1884, he was invited to work with Thomas Edison. Along with the work he did with Edison, he was also responsible for translating data into German and French, as well as gathering that information.
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in New York City hired
Latimer in 1884 as a draftsman and an expert witness in patent litigation on electric lights. While at Edison, Latimer wrote the first book on electric lighting, entitled
342:. While in England on behalf of the Maxim light company he taught the entire process for making Maxim lights, including glassblowing in 9 months to get the factory up and running.
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He was an early advocate of civil rights. In 1895 Lewis wrote a statement in connection with the
National Conference of Colored Men about equality, security, and opportunity.
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After his father had to flee and his mother had to split the family, Lewis and his brothers were sent to a farm school, and his sisters were sent to stay with a family friend.
294:, along with his mother, Rebecca, and his brother, William. They settled in a neighborhood called "Little Liberia," which had been established in the early 19th century by
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287:(1914–2014), a social worker who served as the guardian of her grandfather's legacy, and Gerald Latimer Norman (1911–1990), who became an administrative law judge.
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In 1874, Latimer co-patented (with
Charles M. Brown) an improved toilet system for railroad cars called the Water Closet for Railroad Cars (U.S. Patent 147,363).
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In later life, even though
Latimer was no longer active military, he remained patriotic. He was an early and active member of the veteran organization,
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The
Latimer family house is on Latimer Place in Flushing, Queens. It was moved from the original location to a nearby small park and turned into the
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When
Latimer was young he spent time helping his father in his barbershop. Lewis Latimer also spent time at night hanging wallpaper with his father.
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Teachers' guide by
Luvenia George on Latimer, published by the Smithsonian Institution's Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation
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employed
Latimer, then a draftsman at Bell's patent law firm, to draft the necessary drawings required to receive a patent for Bell's telephone.
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Lewis Latimer: Renaissance Man by Luvenia George for the Smithsonian Institution's Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation
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section of Queens, New York. Latimer died on December 11, 1928, at the age of 80. Approximately sixty years after his death, his home was
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Pan-African Chronology III: A Comprehensive Reference to the Black Quest for Freedom in Africa, the Americas, Europe, and Asia, 1914-1929
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For 25 years, from 1903 until he died in 1928, Latimer lived with his family in a home on Holly Avenue in what is known now as
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393:(1890), and supervised the installation of public electric lights throughout New York, Philadelphia, Montreal, and London.
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260:. After receiving an honorable discharge from the U.S. Navy on July 3, 1865, he gained employment as an office boy with a
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In 1924, after the Board of Patent Control dissolved Latimer went on to work with Hammer and Schwartz until he retired.
1402:"Blueprint for Change", a 1995 exhibition honoring Latimer at the which holds a collection of his papers and artifacts.
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In 1894, Latimer pursued a patent on a safety elevator that prevented the riders from falling out and into the shaft.
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light bulbs which reduced breakages during the production process by wrapping the filaments in a cardboard envelope.
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160:(September 4, 1848 – December 11, 1928) was an American inventor and patent draftsman. His inventions included an
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On May 10, 1968, a school in Brooklyn, New York was rededicated to The Lewis H. Latimer School in his memory.
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Latimer also developed a forerunner of the air conditioner called "Apparatus for cooling and disinfecting".
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239:. Lewis's father, George Latimer, had no proof of his emancipation and likely fled to protect his family.
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In 1988, a committee was formed, the Lewis H. Latimer Committee, to save his home in Flushing, New York.
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A video tour by New York Landmarks of the Lewis Latimer House Museum, where he lived from 1902 to 1928.
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Black Inventors in the Age of Segregation: Granville T. Woods, Lewis H. Latimer, and Shelby J. Davidson
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224:. He was eventually able to purchase his freedom and live with his family in Chelsea, Massachusetts.
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On September 23, 2023, a gravestone was dedicated to him at his grave in Fall River, Massachusetts.
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421:"Improvement in water-closets for railroad-cars" (with Brown, Charles W.), February 10, 1874
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1182:"Lewis H. Latimer Dead. Member of Edison Pioneers. Drew Original Plans for Bell Phone"
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Judd, Michael (1998). "Lewis Latimer: African American Inventor, Poet and Activist".
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by Lewis H. Latimer. Application filed on Feb 19, 1881, Specified on Jan 17, 1882
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Massachusetts Marriages 253:121, Massachusetts Archives, Columbia Point, Boston
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Inventor, patent consultant, author, engineer, draftsman, Navy Landsman (Rank)
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Incandescent Electric Lighting: A Practical Description of the Edison System
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Incandescent electric lighting. A practical description of the Edison system
666:"Lewis Howard Latimer - Inventions, Facts & Accomplishments - Biography"
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366:. Lewis Latimer was the first person of color to join this group of 100.
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Latimer played the violin and flute, painted portraits, and wrote plays.
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1063:"Historical Inventors: Lewis H. Latimer: The carbon-filament light bulb"
859:"Meet Lewis Latimer, the African American who enlightened Thomas Edison"
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1052:, Hathi Trust Digital Library, Catalog Record. Retrieved 2018-12- 25.
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When Latimer was 10, his mother decided to split the family after the
445:"Supporter for electric lamps" (with Tregoning, John), March 21, 1882
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Lewis Howard Latimer: Inventor, Engineer (Mechanical and Electrical)
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P.S. 56 in Clinton Hill, Brooklyn, is named Lewis H. Latimer School.
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Lewis H. Latimer married Mary Wilson Lewis on November 15, 1873, in
810:"Patent Improvement in water-closets for railroad-cars (US147363A)"
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A set of apartment houses in Flushing are called "Latimer Gardens".
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1350:"Black light bulb inventor Lewis Latimer gets overdue recognition"
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Latimer, L. H., Howell, J. W. (John White), Field, C. J. (1890),
727:. United States of America: Edison Electric Institute. p. 5.
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Latimer taught English and drafting courses to immigrants at the
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Black Genius: Inspirational Portraits of America's Black Leaders
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Inventing a Better Life: Latimer's Technical Career, 1880-1928
751:"Innovative Lives: Lewis Latimer (1848-1928): Renaissance Man"
644:. Baltimore & London: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
461:"Locking rack for hats, coats, and umbrellas", March 24, 1896
429:"Electric lamp" (with Nichols, Joseph V.), September 13, 1881
477:"Lamp fixture" (with Norton, William Sheil), August 30, 1910
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Bibliography about Latimer and scans of pages from his book
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for his work on electric filament manufacturing techniques.
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Lewis Howard Latimer; C. J. Field; John W. Howell (1890).
453:"Apparatus for cooling and disinfecting", January 12, 1886
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Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation
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Latimer was a founding member of the Flushing, New York,
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at the age of 16 on September 16, 1864, and served as a
1328:. United States: Transaction Publishers. p. 236.
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In 1911, he became a patent consultant to law firms.
886:"Patent Process of manufacturing carbons (US252386)"
437:"Process of Manufacturing Carbons", January 17, 1882
749:Center, Smithsonian Lemelson (February 1, 1999).
508:to restore a member to the Brooklyn School Board.
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934:. United States: Queens Borough Public Library.
404:, he continued to work in the legal department.
396:When that company was combined in 1892 with the
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903:"Lewis Howard Latimer - EnchantedLearning.com"
290:In 1879, Latimer and his wife, Mary, moved to
501:Various pieces for African-American journals.
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136:Jeanette Latimer (married Gerald F. Norman)
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829:(1996 ed.). McFarland. p. 473.
823:Jenkins Jr, Everett (February 14, 2011).
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362:On February 11, 1918, Latimer joined the
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1485:19th-century African-American scientists
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164:, an improved process for manufacturing
539:. He acted as secretary and adjutant.
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812:– via US Patent – Google Patent.
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1244:"An Inventor Who Kept Lights Burning"
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1093:, Oxford University Press, 2004, pp.
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592:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
555:from Holly Avenue to 137th Street in
27:African American inventor (1848–1928)
1490:20th-century African-American people
1480:Grand Army of the Republic officials
1407:Lewis Latimer biography at About.com
1224:"A Campaign To Remember An Inventor"
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1143:. New York: D. Van Nostrand Company.
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184:where he worked as a draftsman. The
857:Mock, Brentin (February 11, 2015).
788:. New York: Skyhorse Publications.
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1455:People from Chelsea, Massachusetts
1414:– The Black Inventor Online Museum
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469:"Book Supporter", February 7, 1905
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279:, Massachusetts. Mary was born in
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1030:Process Of Manufacturing Carbons.
972:Landmarks Preservation Commission
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208:Lewis Howard Latimer was born in
574:Museum in honor of the inventor.
398:Thomson-Houston Electric Company
245:Lewis Howard Latimer joined the
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565:National Inventors Hall of Fame
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87:Flushing, Queens, New York City
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563:Latimer is an inductee of the
496:Incandescent Electric Lighting
391:Incandescent Electric Lighting
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1:
1202:"List of 2006 NIHF inductees"
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387:Edison Electric Light Company
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312:Inventions and technical work
300:Mary and Eliza Freeman Houses
182:Edison Electric Light Company
1278:"Latimer Gardens Apartments"
725:A Biography of Lewis Latimer
590:An invention program at the
482:Writing and other activities
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162:evaporative air conditioner
151:Rebecca Latimer (1823–1910)
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1475:African-American inventors
1160:"Historic House Trust NYC"
1126:: 25–30 – via JSTOR.
1120:Organization of Historians
1085:Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham
986:"patent for electric lamp"
723:Koolakian, Robert (1993).
594:, MIT, is named after him.
537:Grand Army of the Republic
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907:www.enchantedlearning.com
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266:Crosby Halstead and Gould
237:interstate slave catchers
180:. In 1884, he joined the
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108:Mary Wilson Lewis Latimer
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1412:Profile of Lewis Latimer
965:"Lewis H. Latimer House"
487:A book of poetry called
281:Providence, Rhode Island
638:Fouché, Rayvon (2003).
519:Henry Street Settlement
328:Bridgeport, Connecticut
292:Bridgeport, Connecticut
285:Winifred Latimer Norman
1164:Historichousetrust.org
1090:African American Lives
1071:, MIT Lemelson program
1003:"Lewis Howard Latimer"
930:Singer, Bayla (1995).
784:Dick, Russell (2009).
572:Lewis H. Latimer House
489:Poems of Love and Life
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222:William Lloyd Garrison
210:Chelsea, Massachusetts
186:Lewis H. Latimer House
68:Chelsea, Massachusetts
1358:. September 24, 2023.
1288:on February 24, 2009.
1170:on February 16, 2008.
1007:National Park Service
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326:In 1879, he moved to
321:Alexander Graham Bell
204:Early life and family
1418:Lewis Howard Latimer
1190:. December 13, 1928.
697:. September 17, 2011
504:A petition to Mayor
158:Lewis Howard Latimer
36:Lewis Howard Latimer
1252:. January 29, 1995.
1028:U.S. Patent 252,386
474:U.S. patent 968,787
466:U.S. patent 781,890
458:U.S. patent 557,076
450:U.S. patent 334,078
442:U.S. patent 255,212
434:U.S. patent 252,386
426:U.S. patent 247,097
418:U.S. patent 147,363
1081:Gates, Henry Louis
691:"Lewis H. Latimer"
494:A technical book,
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218:Frederick Douglass
172:, and an improved
1326:Blacks in Science
1322:Van Sertima, Ivan
1310:on June 28, 2003.
1232:. August 6, 1988.
836:978-0-7864-4507-3
795:978-1-60239-369-1
695:Black History Now
670:www.biography.com
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79:December 11, 1928
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16:(Redirected from
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1212:on May 13, 2008.
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262:patent law
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