1281:. A 2009 review of longevity research noted: "Extrapolation from worms to mammals is risky at best, and it cannot be assumed that interventions will result in comparable life extension factors. Longevity gains from dietary restriction, or from mutations studied previously, yield smaller benefits to Drosophila than to nematodes, and smaller still to mammals. This is not unexpected, since mammals have evolved to live many times the worm's lifespan, and humans live nearly twice as long as the next longest-lived primate. From an evolutionary perspective, mammals and their ancestors have already undergone several hundred million years of natural selection favoring traits that could directly or indirectly favor increased longevity, and may thus have already settled on gene sequences that promote lifespan. Moreover, the very notion of a "life-extension factor" that could apply across taxa presumes a linear response rarely seen in biology."
1618:
1680:. The basic idea is that our bodies are composed of genes that activate throughout our lifetimes, some when we are young and others when we are older. Presumably, these genes are activated by environmental factors, and the changes caused by these genes activating can be lethal. It is a statistical certainty that we possess more lethal genes that activate in later life than in early life. Therefore, to extend life, we should be able to prevent these genes from switching on, and we should be able to do so by "identifying changes in the internal chemical environment of a body that take place during aging... and by simulating the superficial chemical properties of a young body".
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beneficial for brain and cardiovascular function during the aging process and GH administration during adolescence is vasoprotective and increases life-span. ... Studies relating GH and IGF-1 status to longevity provide inconsistent evidence as to whether decreased (somatopause) or high levels (e.g. acromegaly) of these hormones are beneficial or detrimental to longevity. ... It is difficult to reconcile the largely protective effects of GH/IGF-1 deficiency on longevity in animals with the inconsistent or deleterious effects of low levels or declining GH/IGF-1 during human aging.
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45:
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age and the majority of the public (63%) viewed medical advances aimed at prolonging life as generally good. 41% of
Americans believed that radical life extension (RLE) would be good for society, while 51% said they believed it would be bad for society. One possibility for why 56% of Americans claim they would reject life extension treatments may be due to the cultural perception that living longer would result in a longer period of decrepitude, and that the elderly in our current society are unhealthy.
2511:
interpretations". It proposes a multi-pillar approach, and summarizes findings towards constructing – multi-system-considering and at least age-personalized dynamic – refined longevity diets. Epidemiological-type observational studies included in meta-analyses should according to the study at least be complemented by "(1) basic research focused on lifespan and healthspan, (2) carefully controlled clinical trials, and (3) studies of individuals and populations with record longevity".
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1700:) that would be genetically identical to a prospective patient. In 2008, the US Department of Defense announced a program to research the possibility of growing human body parts on mice. Complex biological structures, such as mammalian joints and limbs, have not yet been replicated. Dog and primate brain transplantation experiments were conducted in the mid-20th century but failed due to
1777:
the
Netherlands, the Longevity political parties started. They aimed to provide political support to radical life extension research and technologies, and ensure the fastest possible and at the same time soft transition of society to the next step – life without aging and with radical life extension, and to provide access to such technologies to most currently living people.
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computational device. The basic idea is to scan the structure of a particular brain in detail, and then construct a software model of it that is so faithful to the original that, when run on appropriate hardware, it will behave in essentially the same way as the original brain. Whether or not an exact copy of one's mind constitutes actual life extension is matter of debate.
1897:", Bostrom envisions death as a monstrous dragon who demands human sacrifices. In the fable, after a lengthy debate between those who believe the dragon is a fact of life and those who believe the dragon can and should be destroyed, the dragon is finally killed. Bostrom argues that political inaction allowed many preventable human deaths to occur.
1716:, is controversial. Opponents' objections generally are based on interpretations of religious teachings or ethical considerations. Proponents of stem cell research point out that cells are routinely formed and destroyed in a variety of contexts. Use of stem cells taken from the umbilical cord or parts of the adult body may not provoke controversy.
2208:(ROS), which are mitigated by antioxidants, "have been found to be physiologically vital for signal transduction, gene regulation, and redox regulation, among others, implying that their complete elimination would be harmful". In particular, one way of multiple they can be detrimental is by inhibiting adaptation to exercise such as
1065:" (end of the century) period, denoted as an "end of an epoch" and characterized by the rise of scientific optimism and therapeutic activism, entailing the pursuit of life extension (or life-extensionism). Among the foremost researchers of life extension at this period were the Nobel Prize winning biologist
1776:
Though many scientists state that life extension and radical life extension are possible, there are still no international or national programs focused on radical life extension. There are political forces working both for and against life extension. By 2012, in Russia, the United States, Israel, and
1938:
poll in the United States found that 38% of
Americans would want life extension treatments, and 56% would reject it. However, it also found that 68% believed most people would want it and that only 4% consider an "ideal lifespan" to be more than 120 years. The median "ideal lifespan" was 91 years of
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studies such as those Irina Conboy has done on mice, but Conboy says young blood does not reverse aging (even in mice) and that those who offer those treatments have misunderstood her research. Neuroscientist Tony Wyss-Coray, who also studied blood exchanges on mice as recently as 2014, said people
2741:
Conspiracy theorists claim that some clinics currently offer injection of blood products from young donors. The alleged benefits of the treatment, none of which have been demonstrated in a proper study, include a longer life, darker hair, better memory, better sleep, curing heart diseases, diabetes
1609:
CRISPR/Cas9 edits genes by precisely cutting DNA and then harnessing natural DNA repair processes to modify the gene in the desired manner. The system has two components: the Cas9 enzyme and a guide RNA. A large array of genetic modifications have been found to increase lifespan in model organisms
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and changes to standard healthcare could support the adoption of the field's conclusions – a review suggests that the longevity diet would be a "valuable complement to standard healthcare and that, taken as a preventative measure, it could aid in avoiding morbidity, sustaining health into advanced
1767:
Research by Sobh and Martin (2011) suggests that people buy anti-aging products to obtain a hoped-for self (e.g., keeping a youthful skin) or to avoid a feared-self (e.g., looking old). The research shows that when consumers pursue a hoped-for self, it is expectations of success that most strongly
9531:
In animal models, alterations in GH/IGF-1 signaling with reductions in these somatotrophs appear to increase life span. ... Administration of IGF-1Eb (mechanogrowth factor) stimulates proliferation of myoblasts and induces muscle hypertrophy. Increases in GH and IGF-1 during adolescence are
1971:
The discussion whether aging should be viewed as a disease or not has important implications. One view is, this would stimulate pharmaceutical companies to develop life extension therapies and in the United States of
America, it would also increase the regulation of the anti-aging market by the
1704:
and the inability to restore nerve connections. As of 2006, the implantation of bio-engineered bladders grown from patients' own cells has proven to be a viable treatment for bladder disease. Proponents of body part replacement and cloning contend that the required biotechnologies are likely to
1272:
Research geared towards life extension strategies in various organisms is currently under way at a number of academic and private institutions. Since 2009, investigators have found ways to increase the lifespan of nematode worms and yeast by 10-fold; the record in nematodes was achieved through
3809:
Unknown to most, Steve is both an undeniable champion of life expansion as well as one of the most prolific campaigners for life extension. Understanding that the depth of his life's experience is limited by time alone, in his latest album Neon Future he pens lyrics such as 'Life has limitless
2216:
of caloric surplus). There is also research into stimulating/activating/fueling endogenous antioxidant generation, in particular e.g. of neutraceutical glycine and pharmaceutical NAC. Antioxidants can change the oxidation status of different e.g. tissues, targets or sites each with potentially
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as a promising candidate for further research within the field. Their study suggests that high levels of iron in the blood likely reduce, and genes involved in metabolising iron likely increase healthy years of life in humans. The same month other scientists report that yeast cells of the same
2786:
One hypothetical future strategy that, as some suggest, "eliminates" the complications related to a physical body, involves the copying or transferring (e.g. by progressively replacing neurons with transistors) of a conscious mind from a biological brain to a non-biological computer system or
1954:
says: "I don't see aging as a disease, but as a collection of quite predictable diseases caused by the deterioration of the body." The two main arguments used are that aging is both inevitable and universal while diseases are not. However, not everyone agrees. Harry R. Moody, director of
1872:"simply to covet a prolonged life span for ourselves is both a sign and a cause of our failure to open ourselves to procreation and to any higher purpose ... desire to prolong youthfulness is not only a childish desire to eat one's life and keep it; it is also an expression of a childish and
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While agents such as these have some limited laboratory evidence of efficacy in animals, there are no studies to date in humans for drugs that may promote life extension, mainly because research investment remains at a low level, and regulatory standards are high. Aging is not recognized as a
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A review has pointed out that the approach of "'epidemiological' comparison of how a low versus a high consumption of an isolated macronutrient and its association with health and mortality may not only fail to identify protective or detrimental nutrition patterns but may lead to misleading
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Reviews sometimes include structured tables that provide systematic overviews of intervention/drug candidates with a review calling for integrating "current knowledge with multi-omics, health records, and drug safety data to predict drugs that can improve health in late life" and listing
1880:
John Harris, former editor-in-chief of the
Journal of Medical Ethics, argues that as long as life is worth living, according to the person himself, we have a powerful moral imperative to save the life and thus to develop and offer life extension therapies to those who want them.
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Healthy lifestyle practices and healthy diet have been suggested as "first-line function-preserving strategies, with pharmacological agents, including existing and new pharmaceuticals and novel 'nutraceutical' compounds, serving as potential complementary approaches".
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drive their motivation to use the product. The research also shows why doing badly when trying to avoid a feared self is more motivating than doing well. When product use is seen to fail it is more motivating than success when consumers seek to avoid a feared-self.
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Cryonics, which began in the
Sixties, is the freezing – usually in liquid nitrogen – of human beings who have been legally declared dead. The aim of this process is to keep such individuals in a state of refrigerated limbo so that it may become possible in the
1130:, the principals of the organization, were jailed for four hours and were released on $ 850,000 bond each. After 11 years of legal battles, Kent and Faloon convinced the US Attorney's Office to dismiss all criminal indictments brought against them by the FDA.
2044:
and improve health in humans. A goal of this research is to discover or develop agents to delay, prevent, alleviate, or reverse age-related diseases. Removal of senescent cells with senolytics has been proposed as a method of enhancing immunity during aging.
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supplements might extend human life. Reviews, however, have found that use of vitamin A (as β-carotene) and vitamin E supplements possibly can increase mortality. Other reviews have found no relationship between vitamin E and other vitamins with mortality.
2756:
Two clinics in
California, run by Jesse Karmazin and David C. Wright, offer $ 8,000 injections of plasma extracted from the blood of young people. Karmazin has not published in any peer-reviewed journal and his current study does not use a control group.
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It has been suggested that in terms of healthy diets, Mediterranean-style diets could be promoted by countries for ensuring healthy-by-default choices ("to ensure the healthiest choice is the easiest choice") and with highly effective measures including
10934:
The basic idea is to take a particular brain, scan its structure in detail, and construct a software model of it that is so faithful to the original that, when run on appropriate hardware, it will behave in essentially the same way as the original
6878:"GlyNAC Supplementation Improves Glutathione Deficiency, Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Inflammation, Aging Hallmarks, Metabolic Defects, Muscle Strength, Cognitive Decline, and Body Composition: Implications for Healthy Aging"
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patterns is associated with a reduction in total and cause-specific mortality, extending health- and lifespan. Research is identifying the key beneficial components of the
Mediterranean diet. Studies suggest dietary changes are a factor of
1233:
founded Human
Longevity Inc., a company dedicated to scientific research to end aging through genomics and cell therapy. They received funding with the goal of compiling a comprehensive human genotype, microbiome, and phenotype database.
827:
The sale of purported anti-aging products such as supplements and hormone replacement is a lucrative global industry. For example, the industry that promotes the use of hormones as a treatment for consumers to slow or reverse the
2712:
A review suggests that "targeting the aging process per se may be a far more effective approach to prevent or delay aging-associated pathologies than treatments specifically targeted to particular clinical conditions".
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are not dogs because they do not bark. Because of the universality of aging he calls it a "special sort of disease". Robert M. Perlman, coined the terms "aging syndrome" and "disease complex" in 1954 to describe aging.
1297:(CR) diet, which has been shown to extend lifespan in some animals. Based on that research, there have been attempts to develop drugs that will have the same effect on the aging process as a CR diet, which are known as
820:) will eventually enable humans to have indefinite lifespans through complete rejuvenation to a healthy youthful condition (agerasia). The ethical ramifications, if life extension becomes a possibility, are debated by
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Fossati C, Papalia R, Torre G, Vadalà G, Borrione P, Grazioli E, et al. (July 2020). "Frailty of the elderly in orthopaedic surgery and body composition changes: the musculoskeletal crosstalk through irisin".
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preventable condition by governments, indicating there is no clear pathway to approval of anti-aging medications. Further, anti-aging drug candidates are under constant review by regulatory authorities like the US
1523:
Another proposed life extension technology aims to combine existing and predicted future biochemical and genetic techniques. SENS proposes that rejuvenation may be obtained by removing aging damage via the use of
7156:
Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Gluud LL, Simonetti RG, Gluud C (February 2007). "Mortality in randomized trials of antioxidant supplements for primary and secondary prevention: systematic review and meta-analysis".
1963:, assistant director of the Institute of Healthy Ageing, argues that aging should be viewed as a disease. In response to the universality of aging, David Gems notes that it is as misleading as arguing that
1102:, also hoped that science would make substantial progress with life extension, according to Hughes, and proposed such experiments as "to replace the blood of the old with the blood of the young". Biologist
893:
mouse, commonly used as a model in research on aging, is about three years. Genetic differences between humans and mice that may account for these different aging rates include differences in efficiency of
1925:
argues that, given that the worldwide population growth rate is slowing down and is projected to eventually stabilize and begin falling, superlongevity would be unlikely to contribute to overpopulation.
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2071:. Senomorphic effects may be one major effect mechanism of a range of prolongevity drug candidates. Such candidates are however typically not studied for just one mechanism, but multiple. There are
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Low ambient temperature as a physical factor affecting free radical levels was identified as a treatment producing exceptional lifespan increase in
Drosophila melanogaster and other living beings.
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to resuscitate them, cure them of the condition that killed them, and then restore them to functioning life in an era when medical science has triumphed over the activities of the Grim Reaper.
3810:
variety... But today, because of ageing, it does not have limitless scope.' Set up by the Steve Aoki Charitable Fund, the profits from the Dan Bilzerian party went to life extension research.
979:, and administration of pharmaceuticals. Another technique uses evolutionary pressures such as breeding from only older members or altering levels of extrinsic mortality. Some animals such as
1562:
find these ideas "worthy of discussion", others contend that the alleged benefits are too speculative given the current state of technology, referring to it as "fantasy rather than science".
9389:
Ingram DK, Chefer S, Matochik J, Moscrip TD, Weed J, Roth GS, et al. (April 2001). "Aging and caloric restriction in nonhuman primates: behavioral and in vivo brain imaging studies".
3778:
11900:
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Hidalgo-Mora JJ, García-Vigara A, Sánchez-Sánchez ML, García-Pérez MÁ, Tarín J, Cano A (February 2020). "The Mediterranean diet: A historical perspective on food for health".
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offering those treatments are "basically abusing people's trust" and that young blood treatments are "the scientific equivalent of fake news". The treatment appeared in HBO's
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11920:
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Martel J, Ojcius DM, Wu CY, Peng HH, Voisin L, Perfettini JL, et al. (November 2020). "Emerging use of senolytics and senomorphics against aging and chronic diseases".
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Current studies suggest that 2.5 to 5 hours/week of moderate or vigorous physical activity will confer maximal benefits; >10 hours/week may reduce these health benefits.
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such as yeast, nematode worms, fruit flies, and mice. As of 2013, the longest extension of life caused by a single gene manipulation was roughly 50% in mice and 10-fold in
11925:
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in 2015 was 2.9 years, substantially more than, for example, 0.3 years from all forms of direct violence, albeit a significant fraction of the LLE (a measure similar to
2538:(GH) decreases with age, the evidence for use of growth hormone as an anti-aging therapy is mixed and based mostly on animal studies. There are mixed reports that GH or
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genetic material and within the same environment age in two distinct ways, describe a biomolecular mechanism that can determine which process dominates during aging and
7295:
Garay RP (July 2021). "Investigational drugs and nutrients for human longevity. Recent clinical trials registered in ClinicalTrials.gov and clinicaltrialsregister.eu".
7113:
Martel J, Chang SH, Wu CY, Peng HH, Hwang TL, Ko YF, et al. (March 2021). "Recent advances in the field of caloric restriction mimetics and anti-aging molecules".
1205:, a California-based scientific research organization which conducts research into aging and funds other anti-aging research projects at various universities. In 2013,
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2133:. Often studies are structured based on or thematize specific prolongevity targets, listing both nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals (together or separately) such as
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has argued that any technological advances in life extension must be equitably distributed and not restricted to a privileged few. In an extended metaphor entitled "
832:
process in the US market generated about $ 50 billion of revenue a year in 2009. The use of such hormone products has not been proven to be effective or safe.
2644:
2491:"to assess the ageing process and the efficacy of interventions to bypass the need for large-scale longitudinal studies". Such biomarkers may also include in vivo
2410:
of blood from young animals have shown some pro-longevity potential in animal studies (e.g. via transfer of blood or plasma, and of plasma proteins). Moreover,
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1013:
The extension of life has been a desire of humanity and a mainstay motif in the history of scientific pursuits and ideas throughout history, from the Sumerian
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11992:
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10452:"Molecular mechanisms of exceptional lifespan increase of Drosophila melanogaster with different genotypes after combinations of pro-longevity interventions"
2145:
1443:). Hibbs suggested that certain repair machines might one day be reduced in size to the point that it would, in theory, be possible to (as Feynman put it) "
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5694:
3443:
2300:
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Santoro A, Martucci M, Conte M, Capri M, Franceschi C, Salvioli S (December 2020). "Inflammaging, hormesis and the rationale for anti-aging strategies".
756:
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Delhove J, Osenk I, Prichard I, Donnelley M (January 2020). "Public Acceptability of Gene Therapy and Gene Editing for Human Use: A Systematic Review".
5532:
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Goya RG, Bolognani F, Hereñú CB, Rimoldi OJ (8 January 2001). "Neuroendocrinology of aging: the potential of gene therapy as an interventive strategy".
5013:
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11997:
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describes an approach to life-extension that involves "fooling genes" into thinking the body is young. Dawkins attributes inspiration for this idea to
1061:. However, the beginning of the modern period in this endeavor can be traced to the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century, to the so-called "
10505:
6448:
Hu, Qinchao; Peng, Jianmin; Jiang, Laibo; Li, Wuguo; Su, Qiao; Zhang, Jiayu; Li, Huan; Song, Ming; Cheng, Bin; Xia, Juan; Wu, Tong (28 October 2020).
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and Bruce Carnes have strongly criticized the anti-aging industry in response to what they see as unscrupulous profiteering from the sale of unproven
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1213:, a new company based in San Francisco that will harness new technologies to increase scientific understanding of the biology of aging. It is led by
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9700:"The Association Between Regular Physical Exercise, Sleep Patterns, Fasting, and Autophagy for Healthy Longevity and Well-Being: A Narrative Review"
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2464:: early-stage research indicates mitochondrial interventions such as mitochondrial transplantation may have potential to be efficacious (See also:
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Religious people are no more likely to oppose life extension than the unaffiliated, though some variation exists between religious denominations.
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Verdaguer E, Junyent F, Folch J, Beas-Zarate C, Auladell C, Pallàs M, Camins A (March 2012). "Aging biology: a new frontier for drug discovery".
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866:. Specifically, aging is characterized as and thought to be caused by "genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of
12012:
10401:"Implementation of longevity-promoting supplements and medications in public health practice: achievements, challenges and future perspectives"
10293:
Click the sources tab under the chart for info on the countries, healthcare expenditures, and data sources. See the later version of the chart
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2440:-type interventions For instance, effects of interventions or e.g. dosages may vary per age and/or genome. A review suggests that the field of
1595:
as proteins, interfere with the expression of proteins, or correct genetic mutations, has been proposed as a future strategy to prevent aging.
1245:. University researchers have made a number of breakthroughs in extending the lives of mice and insects by reversing certain aspects of aging.
4838:
4323:
Dhahbi JM, Mote PL, Fahy GM, Spindler SR (November 2005). "Identification of potential caloric restriction mimetics by microarray profiling".
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11879:
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2585:(patterns of sleep, drug-administration and feeding), type of leisure activities, not smoking, altruistic emotions and behaviors, subjective
1127:
8037:
Vasto S, Barera A, Rizzo C, Di Carlo M, Caruso C, Panotopoulos G (2014). "Mediterranean diet and longevity: an example of nutraceuticals?".
1723:. Some proponents of therapeutic cloning predict the production of whole bodies, lacking consciousness, for eventual brain transplantation.
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play an increasing role in mortality. Extension of life expectancy and lifespan can often be achieved by access to improved medical care,
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12065:
12007:
11915:
8324:"Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016"
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Mehlman MJ, Binstock RH, Juengst ET, Ponsaran RS, Whitehouse PJ (June 2004). "Anti-aging medicine: can consumers be better protected?".
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of prolongevity drug candidates under research as well as of potential gene/protein targets include GenAge, DrugAge and Geroprotectors.
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9191:"Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diseases, Longevity, and Treatment Resistance: Tuning Mitochondria Function as a Therapeutic Strategy"
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Newmark PA, Sánchez Alvarado A (March 2002). "Not your father's planarian: a classic model enters the era of functional genomics".
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that have also been studied in this context. Other common supplements with less clear biological pathways to target aging include
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7340:"Dual Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Muscle Function: Can Antioxidant Dietary Supplements Counteract Age-Related Sarcopenia?"
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5566:"Feedback Information and Consumer Motivation. The Moderating Role of Positive and Negative Reference Values in Self-Regulation"
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of prolongevity drug candidates under research as well as of potential gene/protein targets. These are enhanced by longitudinal
1237:
Aside from private initiatives, aging research is being conducted in university laboratories, and includes universities such as
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However, critics argue that the uploaded mind would simply be a clone and not a true continuation of a person's consciousness.
6450:"Metformin as a senostatic drug enhances the anticancer efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma"
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3914:"Human Longevity Inc. (HLI) Launched to Promote Healthy Aging Using Advances in... – SAN DIEGO, March 4, 2014 /PRNewswire/ --"
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Replacement of biological (susceptible to diseases) organs with mechanical ones could extend life. This is the goal of the
422:
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keeping alcohol consumption of any type at a minimum – conventional Mediterranean diets include alcohol consumption (i.e.
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12609:
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Holmes GE, Bernstein C, Bernstein H (September 1992). "Oxidative and other DNA damages as the basis of aging: a review".
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Many prolongevity drugs are synthetic alternatives or potential complements to existing nutraceuticals, such as various
86:
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11033:
7253:"Meta-analysis: low-dose intake of vitamin E combined with other vitamins or minerals may decrease all-cause mortality"
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2067:– modulate properties of senescent cells without eliminating them, suppressing phenotypes of senescence, including the
1070:
742:
91:
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could extend lifespans of populations and humanity overall. For instance, a 2020 study indicates that the global mean
7625:
5428:
2111:
1830:
236:
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Yener Ilce B, Cagin U, Yilmazer A (March 2018). "Cellular reprogramming: A new way to understand aging mechanisms".
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Neither vitamin E intake alone nor combined with other agents is associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality.
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and increased NAD+ levels), psychological characteristics/personality (possibly highly indirectly), sleep duration,
2307:
1785:
Some tech innovators and Silicon Valley entrepreneurs have invested heavily into anti-aging research. This includes
1719:
The controversies over cloning are similar, except general public opinion in most countries stands in opposition to
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research could one day provide a way to generate cells, body parts, or even entire bodies (generally referred to as
13022:
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fully replacing refined grains – some guidelines of Mediterranean diets do not clarify or include the principle of
1976:(FDA). Anti-aging now falls under the regulations for cosmetic medicine which are less tight than those for drugs.
1846:
728:
711:
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314:
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Gems D (2011). "Aging: To Treat, or Not to Treat? The possibility of treating aging is not just an idle fantasy".
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7563:"Mechanisms of Mitochondrial ROS Production in Assisted Reproduction: The Known, the Unknown, and the Intriguing"
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2144:) such as via protocols of intermittent administration and have called for research that helps determine optimal
1253:
Theoretically, extension of maximum lifespan in humans could be achieved by reducing the rate of aging damage by
1173:
1008:
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and by environmental factors. Widely recognized methods of extending maximum lifespan in model organisms such as
20:
10948:
7194:"Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases"
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2938:
2414:– signalling biomolecules released during/after exercise – have also shown promising results. Exerkines include
2125:. In some cases pharmaceutical administration is combined with that of neutraceuticals – such as in the case of
1201:, which gives financial grants to anti-aging research projects. In 2009, de Grey and several others founded the
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Cardoso AL, Fernandes A, Aguilar-Pimentel JA, de Angelis MH, Guedes JR, Brito MA, et al. (November 2018).
7491:"Dietary Glycine Is Rate-Limiting for Glutathione Synthesis and May Have Broad Potential for Health Protection"
3170:
2813:
2465:
1894:
1073:(1817-1894) -- the president of the French Biological Society and one of the founders of modern endocrinology.
286:
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Murphy KJ, Parletta N (May 2018). "Implementing a Mediterranean-Style Diet Outside the Mediterranean Region".
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4413:"A low dose of dietary resveratrol partially mimics caloric restriction and retards aging parameters in mice"
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2802:
2542:
modulates the aging process in humans and about whether the direction of its effect is positive or negative.
2353:
2087:(drug) screening methods, computational biomarker-discovery methods and computational biodata-interpretation/
1834:
1642:
1106:(1873–1944) was inspired by a belief in indefinite human lifespan that he developed after experimenting with
1069:(1845-1916) -- the author of the cell theory of immunity and vice director of Institut Pasteur in Paris, and
705:
9434:"Towards frailty biomarkers: Candidates from genes and pathways regulated in aging and age-related diseases"
8852:
Khorraminejad-Shirazi M, Dorvash M, Estedlal A, Hoveidaei AH, Mazloomrezaei M, Mosaddeghi P (October 2019).
3823:
1379:
could give rise to life extension through the repair of many processes thought to be responsible for aging.
925:, which are frequently linked to infectious diseases or nutrition problems. Later in life, vulnerability to
13027:
12952:
12907:
12120:
11072:
10729:
Boehme M, Guzzetta KE, Bastiaanssen TF, Van De Wouw M, Moloney GM, Gual-Grau A, et al. (August 2021).
10450:
Shaposhnikov MV, Guvatova ZG, Zemskaya NV, Koval LA, Schegoleva EV, Gorbunova AA, et al. (June 2022).
9802:"Personality and longevity: knowns, unknowns, and implications for public health and personalized medicine"
5824:
4857:
3880:
2664:
2528:
2172:
1973:
1630:
1364:
417:
71:
9859:
Kern ML, Friedman HS (September 2008). "Do conscientious individuals live longer? A quantitative review".
8074:"Why has Japan become the world's most long-lived country: insights from a food and nutrition perspective"
473:
13178:
13123:
12690:
11447:
11367:
7972:
3730:
3165:
Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC (2007). Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine. Oxford University Press, USA,
2765:
2240:
2201:
2140:
Researchers are also exploring ways to mitigate side-effects from such substances (possibly most notably
2118:
1950:
Most mainstream medical organizations and practitioners do not consider aging to be a disease. Biologist
1868:
problems would make life extension unethical. He states his opposition to life extension with the words:
1298:
2527:. Some of these have been criticized for possible dangers and a lack of proven effect. For example, the
2141:
2004:
1265:
of deteriorated cells and tissues, reversal of harmful epigenetic changes, or the enhancement of enzyme
1148:, who insists that death is "the enemy of us all, to be fought with medicine, science, and technology";
482:
12894:
12787:
12641:
12577:
11701:
11402:
11377:
5125:"Human Ageing Genomic Resources: integrated databases and tools for the biology and genetics of ageing"
4893:
3608:
2833:
2749:
2166:
1951:
1077:
1042:
655:
154:
114:
8776:
Rzigalinski BA, Meehan K, Davis RM, Xu Y, Miles WC, Cohen CA (December 2006). "Radical nanomedicine".
331:
13230:
13157:
13017:
12902:
12624:
12584:
11770:
11743:
11657:
11432:
11175:
11088:
7968:
6716:
Partridge L, Deelen J, Slagboom PE (September 2018). "Facing up to the global challenges of ageing".
5269:
2905:
2340:
2080:
792:" (those who wish to achieve longer lives themselves), postulate that future breakthroughs in tissue
527:
219:
212:
10309:"Loss of life expectancy from air pollution compared to other risk factors: a worldwide perspective"
10223:"Physiological geroscience: targeting function to increase healthspan and achieve optimal longevity"
4337:
3493:
3032:
2545:
2184:
supplementation of various dosages is investigated in trials and there also is research into GlyNAC
1156:, who proposes that the "transhumanist must safeguard one's own existence above all else"; futurist
636:
13185:
13098:
13083:
12957:
12319:
11553:
11546:
11452:
10619:"This start-up is offering $ 8,000 blood transfusions from teens to people who want to fight aging"
10086:
Gottlieb BH, Gillespie AA (2008). "Volunteerism, health, and civic engagement among older adults".
3898:
1588:
1391:
repair machines, including ones operating within cells and utilizing as yet hypothetical molecular
1202:
6664:
Zhavoronkov A, Mamoshina P, Vanhaelen Q, Scheibye-Knudsen M, Moskalev A, Aliper A (January 2019).
5944:"Living to 120 and Beyond: Americans' Views on Aging, Medical Advances and Radical Life Extension"
5596:
3225:
2793:
Some scientists believe that the dead may one day be "resurrected" through simulation technology.
2380:
1913:
counters the overpopulation critique by pointing out that the therapy could postpone or eliminate
1744:
are limited to around 50 cell divisions, reasons that aging is an unavoidable consequence of
1367:, which stated in 2023 that "no medication has been proven to slow or reverse the aging process."
1088:(1561–1626) as an advocate of using science and reason to extend human life, noting Bacon's novel
13251:
12987:
12737:
12589:
12562:
12490:
11610:
11584:
11525:
11170:
11065:
9189:
Tomita K, Kuwahara Y, Igarashi K, Roudkenar MH, Roushandeh AM, Kurimasa A, Sato T (August 2021).
6552:
Robbins PD, Jurk D, Khosla S, Kirkland JL, LeBrasseur NK, Miller JD, et al. (January 2021).
5713:
5403:
5365:
4768:
3612:
2910:
2730:
2246:
2205:
1489:(usually at −196 °C or −320.8 °F or 77.1 K) of a human corpse, with the hope that
1415:
687:
8371:
5243:
3959:
3068:
Warner H, Anderson J, Austad S, Bergamini E, Bredesen D, Butler R, et al. (November 2005).
1444:
1160:, who considers aging to be a problem that desperately needs to be solved; and recording artist
889:, who according to records was born in 1875 and died in 1997, whereas the maximum lifespan of a
13271:
13213:
13042:
12777:
12599:
12594:
12567:
12451:
12244:
12162:
12145:
12140:
11684:
11215:
5778:
4332:
3940:
3488:
3027:
2823:
2419:
2357:
2200:
Complications of antioxidant supplementation (especially continuous high dosages far above the
1756:
1646:
938:
487:
428:
10679:"A startup that charges $ 8,000 for young blood transfusions swears they're worth every penny"
8438:
Ventriglio A, Sancassiani F, Contu MP, Latorre M, Di Slavatore M, Fornaro M, Bhugra D (2020).
7389:
Badran A, Nasser SA, Mesmar J, El-Yazbi AF, Bitto A, Fardoun MM, et al. (November 2020).
660:
164:
13171:
13133:
12525:
12434:
12429:
12306:
12291:
12213:
11667:
11567:
11560:
11437:
11321:
9546:"The metabolic, neuroprotective cardioprotective and antitumor effects of the Klotho protein"
8914:
Chow LS, Gerszten RE, Taylor JM, Pedersen BK, van Praag H, Trappe S, et al. (May 2022).
5123:
Tacutu R, Craig T, Budovsky A, Wuttke D, Lehmann G, Taranukha D, et al. (January 2013).
4949:
2918:
2690:
2437:
2422:
were shown to be secreted concomitantly with exerkines and are also investigated. (See also:
2280:
Approaches to develop optimal diets for health- and lifespan (or "longevity diets") include:
2088:
1650:
1198:
1137:
published "The Immortal Cell: One Scientist's Quest to Solve the Mystery of Human Aging," by
1134:
801:
576:
512:
81:
76:
9698:
Min S, Masanovic B, Bu T, Matic RM, Vasiljevic I, Vukotic M, et al. (2 December 2021).
9605:"Social Support and Longevity: Meta-Analysis-Based Evidence and Psychobiological Mechanisms"
6666:"Artificial intelligence for aging and longevity research: Recent advances and perspectives"
12797:
12572:
12535:
12515:
11713:
11662:
9991:
9093:
8299:
8282:
6725:
6569:
6367:
6023:
5307:
5188:
4941:
Ending Aging: The Rejuvenation Breakthroughs that Could Reverse Human Aging in Our Lifetime
4618:"Alpha-lipoic acid as a dietary supplement: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential"
4424:
4279:
3353:
2679:
2671:
1906:
1865:
1720:
1713:
1701:
1697:
1655:
1537:
1262:
1145:
1081:
793:
602:
587:
566:
493:
336:
309:
7391:"Reactive Oxygen Species: Modulators of Phenotypic Switch of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells"
6411:
Chambers ES, Akbar AN (2020). "Can blocking inflammation enhance immunity during aging?".
5229:
4266:
Harrison DE, Strong R, Sharp ZD, Nelson JF, Astle CM, Flurkey K, et al. (July 2009).
3645:
8:
13261:
13032:
12629:
12604:
12373:
12234:
12152:
11778:
11755:
11725:
11412:
11326:
11160:
11140:
11120:
11110:
10953:
7851:"Mediterranean diet and its components in relation to all-cause mortality: meta-analysis"
4067:
Johnson AA, Akman K, Calimport SR, Wuttke D, Stolzing A, de Magalhães JP (October 2012).
2943:
2698:
2639:
2504:
2445:
2427:
2393:
2072:
2041:
1959:, notes that what is normal and what is disease strongly depend on a historical context.
1689:
1397:
1294:
1278:
1274:
1018:
972:
871:
817:
672:
224:
9995:
9097:
7457:
6729:
6371:
6135:
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
6027:
5311:
5192:
4428:
4283:
3357:
2321:
consumption instead of refined grains. Whole grains are included in Mediterranean diets.
1080:
claims that science has been tied to a cultural narrative of conquering death since the
548:
13113:
13073:
13058:
13012:
12977:
12947:
12732:
12713:
12646:
12466:
12456:
12444:
12368:
11783:
11603:
11482:
10888:
10863:
10839:
10810:
10476:
10451:
10427:
10400:
10381:
10333:
10308:
10260:
10247:
10222:
10198:
10173:
10154:
10111:
10068:
10025:
10012:
9979:
9920:
9896:"Effect of feeding regimens on circadian rhythms: implications for aging and longevity"
9895:
9841:
9828:
9801:
9777:
9750:
9726:
9699:
9672:
9655:
9631:
9604:
9517:
9492:
9473:
9414:
9402:
9371:
9328:
9315:
9290:
9266:
9241:
9217:
9190:
9171:
9114:
9081:
9050:
9023:
8999:
8972:
8953:
8940:
8915:
8893:
8880:
8853:
8829:
8812:
8753:
8728:
8704:
8678:"Stem cells and anti-aging genes: double-edged sword-do the same job of life extension"
8677:
8650:
8623:
8604:
8556:
8531:
8512:
8464:
8439:
8415:
8390:
8348:
8323:
8258:
8231:
8207:
8180:
8156:
8131:
8098:
8073:
8019:
7933:
7890:
7826:
7799:
7775:
7750:
7726:
7701:
7677:
7650:
7589:
7562:
7507:
7490:
7466:
7441:
7417:
7390:
7366:
7339:
7320:
7228:
7193:
7138:
7090:
7065:
7041:
7016:
6992:
6967:
6948:
6850:
6825:
6806:
6759:
6695:
6632:
6607:
6578:
6553:
6526:
6501:
6474:
6449:
6388:
6355:
6331:
6306:
6282:
6257:
6203:
6191:
6155:
6130:
6108:
5987:
5962:
5878:
5853:
5508:
5483:
5328:
5295:
5209:
5176:
5149:
5124:
5056:
4642:
4617:
4593:
4568:
4549:
4498:
4471:
4447:
4412:
4393:
4368:
Kaeberlein M (February 2010). "Resveratrol and rapamycin: are they anti-aging drugs?".
4346:
4300:
4267:
4243:
4218:
4194:
4169:
4145:
4120:
4093:
4068:
4044:
4019:
3828:
3558:
3533:
3514:
3424:
3322:
3279:
3143:
3118:
3094:
3070:"Science fact and the SENS agenda. What can we reasonably expect from ageing research?"
3069:
2993:
2590:
2441:
2388:
2258:
2234:
2209:
2095:
2084:
1798:
1529:
1440:
1344:
1254:
1238:
1214:
645:
207:
202:
11052:
10535:"This anti-aging startup says US$ 8,000 worth of young blood can help you live longer"
8440:"Mediterranean Diet and its Benefits on Health and Mental Health: A Literature Review"
8339:
8050:
6917:
McIntyre RL, Liu YJ, Hu M, Morris BJ, Willcox BJ, Donlon TA, et al. (June 2022).
5074:
Rattan SI, Singh R (January 2009). "Progress & prospects: gene therapy in aging".
3502:
2674:
and doctor visits has been suggested as a lifestyle-societal intervention. (See also:
1118:
Regulatory and legal struggles between the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the
13150:
13002:
12997:
12873:
12838:
12813:
12727:
12473:
12461:
12439:
12422:
11808:
11720:
11422:
11362:
11261:
11205:
11135:
10976:
10893:
10844:
10791:
10760:
10752:
10731:"Microbiota from young mice counteracts selective age-associated behavioral deficits"
10481:
10432:
10373:
10338:
10287:
10252:
10203:
10146:
10129:
Diener E, Oishi S, Tay L (April 2018). "Advances in subjective well-being research".
10103:
10060:
10029:
10017:
9960:
9925:
9876:
9833:
9782:
9731:
9677:
9636:
9585:
9557:
9522:
9465:
9406:
9375:
9363:
9332:
9320:
9271:
9222:
9163:
9119:
9055:
9004:
8957:
8945:
8897:
8885:
8834:
8793:
8758:
8709:
8655:
8596:
8561:
8516:
8504:
8469:
8420:
8353:
8304:
8263:
8212:
8161:
8103:
8054:
8023:
8011:
7937:
7925:
7882:
7831:
7780:
7731:
7682:
7631:
7621:
7594:
7543:
7512:
7471:
7422:
7371:
7338:
Damiano S, Muscariello E, La Rosa G, Di Maro M, Mondola P, Santillo M (August 2019).
7324:
7312:
7274:
7233:
7174:
7142:
7130:
7095:
7046:
6997:
6952:
6940:
6899:
6855:
6810:
6798:
6751:
6687:
6637:
6583:
6531:
6479:
6430:
6393:
6336:
6287:
6238:
6195:
6160:
6112:
6041:
5992:
5883:
5792:
5782:
5513:
5407:
5369:
5333:
5214:
5177:"Multivariate genomic scan implicates novel loci and haem metabolism in human ageing"
5154:
5091:
5048:
4963:
4953:
4792:
4782:
4698:
4647:
4598:
4553:
4541:
4503:
4452:
4385:
4350:
4305:
4248:
4199:
4150:
4098:
4049:
3862:
3739:
3709:
3624:
3620:
3588:
3563:
3506:
3416:
3381:
3376:
3341:
3314:
3271:
3207:
3203:
3174:
3166:
3148:
3099:
3047:
2985:
2838:
2569:
2524:
2500:
2376:: "Increasing the number and quality of stem cells and activate regenerative signals"
2344:
2285:
1571:
1518:
1258:
1054:
1014:
976:
903:
859:
776:, either modestly through improvements in medicine or dramatically by increasing the
555:
533:
502:
326:
229:
159:
36:
10385:
10294:
10115:
10072:
9845:
9477:
9418:
8608:
8530:
Beyret E, Martinez Redondo P, Platero Luengo A, Izpisua Belmonte JC (January 2018).
8529:
8007:
7993:
7908:
Ekmekcioglu C (2020). "Nutrition and longevity - From mechanisms to uncertainties".
7894:
7531:
6763:
6699:
6207:
5060:
4397:
3428:
3326:
3283:
2899:
1985:
1050:
13192:
12843:
12833:
12772:
12614:
12530:
12358:
12336:
12203:
12183:
12100:
11696:
11392:
11281:
10883:
10875:
10834:
10826:
10742:
10471:
10463:
10422:
10412:
10365:
10328:
10320:
10264:
10242:
10234:
10193:
10185:
10158:
10138:
10095:
10052:
10007:
9999:
9952:
9915:
9907:
9868:
9823:
9813:
9772:
9762:
9721:
9711:
9667:
9626:
9616:
9512:
9504:
9455:
9445:
9398:
9355:
9310:
9302:
9261:
9253:
9212:
9202:
9175:
9153:
9109:
9101:
9045:
9035:
8994:
8984:
8935:
8927:
8875:
8865:
8824:
8785:
8748:
8740:
8699:
8689:
8645:
8635:
8588:
8551:
8543:
8496:
8459:
8451:
8410:
8402:
8343:
8335:
8294:
8253:
8243:
8202:
8192:
8151:
8143:
8093:
8085:
8046:
8003:
7917:
7872:
7862:
7821:
7811:
7770:
7762:
7721:
7713:
7672:
7662:
7584:
7574:
7502:
7461:
7453:
7412:
7402:
7361:
7351:
7304:
7264:
7223:
7213:
7209:
7205:
7166:
7122:
7085:
7077:
7036:
7028:
6987:
6979:
6930:
6889:
6845:
6837:
6790:
6741:
6733:
6677:
6627:
6619:
6573:
6565:
6521:
6513:
6469:
6461:
6422:
6383:
6375:
6326:
6318:
6277:
6269:
6230:
6187:
6150:
6142:
6100:
6031:
5982:
5974:
5873:
5865:
5588:
5580:
5503:
5495:
5393:
5355:
5323:
5315:
5204:
5196:
5144:
5136:
5083:
5040:
4764:
4688:
4678:
4637:
4629:
4588:
4580:
4533:
4493:
4483:
4442:
4432:
4377:
4342:
4295:
4287:
4238:
4230:
4189:
4181:
4140:
4132:
4088:
4080:
4039:
4031:
3553:
3545:
3518:
3498:
3408:
3371:
3361:
3306:
3263:
3199:
3138:
3130:
3089:
3081:
3037:
2977:
2863:
2848:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2582:
2488:
2397:
2292:
2217:
different implications, especially for different concentrations. A review suggests
2130:
1790:
1752:
1749:
1737:
1668:
1634:
1486:
1402:
1210:
1066:
960:
946:
918:
777:
462:
405:
259:
246:
8547:
7921:
7308:
6778:
6258:"Cellular senescence in aging and age-related disease: from mechanisms to therapy"
4815:
4411:
Barger JL, Kayo T, Vann JM, Arias EB, Wang J, Hacker TA, et al. (June 2008).
4170:"Cellular senescence in aging and age-related disease: from mechanisms to therapy"
4121:"Extreme-longevity mutations orchestrate silencing of multiple signaling pathways"
3702:
3479:
Martínez DE (May 1998). "Mortality patterns suggest lack of senescence in hydra".
3240:
2997:
1490:
1062:
13256:
12962:
12937:
12757:
12483:
12385:
12346:
11827:
11708:
11647:
11532:
11457:
11407:
11352:
11336:
10238:
8406:
7849:
Eleftheriou D, Benetou V, Trichopoulou A, La Vecchia C, Bamia C (November 2018).
7800:"Impact of Mediterranean Diet on Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Longevity"
5389:
5351:
5294:
Li Y, Jiang Y, Paxman J, O'Laughlin R, Klepin S, Zhu Y, et al. (July 2020).
4633:
4584:
4437:
4136:
4015:
3267:
1818:
1673:
1626:
1621:"Healthspan, parental lifespan, and longevity are highly genetically correlated."
1592:
1468:
1424:
1380:
1164:, who has been called "one of the most prolific campaigners for life extension".
1138:
954:
930:
922:
863:
813:
773:
699:
628:
467:
362:
251:
10056:
8455:
6322:
5270:"Researchers discover 2 paths of aging and new insights on promoting healthspan"
1141:. West emphasised the potential role of embryonic stem cells in life extension.
16:
Concept of extending human lifespan by improvements in medicine or biotechnology
13118:
13093:
13063:
13037:
12982:
12828:
12792:
12747:
12619:
12390:
12353:
12341:
12314:
12239:
11798:
11679:
11306:
11296:
11291:
11266:
11190:
11180:
10998:
10747:
10730:
10467:
10307:
Lelieveld J, Pozzer A, Pöschl U, Fnais M, Haines A, Münzel T (September 2020).
10189:
10003:
9956:
9872:
9508:
9291:"Mitochondria in the signaling pathways that control longevity and health span"
9242:"Mitochondria in the signaling pathways that control longevity and health span"
9158:
9141:
8931:
8813:"The nanomedicine revolution: part 2: current and future clinical applications"
8640:
8147:
6517:
6465:
6426:
5537:
5200:
4935:
4268:"Rapamycin fed late in life extends lifespan in genetically heterogeneous mice"
4035:
3346:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
3134:
3042:
3020:
The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
3015:
2781:
2614:
2535:
2478:
2037:
2033:
1910:
1641:, lifespan, and longevity – of which half have not been reported previously at
1580:
1575:
1559:
1388:
1384:
1289:
There are numerous chemicals intended to slow the aging process under study in
1226:
1222:
1190:
1157:
1107:
886:
855:
717:
241:
10506:"Questionable "Young Blood" Transfusions Offered in U.S. as Anti-Aging Remedy"
10417:
10369:
10142:
9716:
9621:
9450:
9433:
9359:
9306:
9257:
9105:
8989:
8694:
8132:"Nutrition, longevity and disease: From molecular mechanisms to interventions"
8089:
7867:
7850:
7126:
7081:
7032:
6935:
6918:
6794:
6737:
6682:
6665:
6623:
6499:
6234:
5584:
4020:"Aging, rejuvenation, and epigenetic reprogramming: resetting the aging clock"
3682:
3549:
3310:
3297:
Rauser CL, Mueller LD, Rose MR (February 2006). "The evolution of late life".
2981:
13245:
13088:
13068:
12992:
12651:
12417:
12363:
12198:
12157:
12105:
11276:
10916:
10756:
9767:
9584:(4 Suppl. 3): 327–335. Congress of the Italian Orthopaedic Research Society.
8870:
8851:
8789:
8308:
6663:
6502:"Cellular senescence in ageing: from mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities"
5774:
5460:
5399:
5361:
5296:"A programmable fate decision landscape underlies single-cell aging in yeast"
4967:
4945:
4774:
4234:
4069:"The role of DNA methylation in aging, rejuvenation, and age-related disease"
3761:"The Morality of Artificial Intelligence and the Three Laws of Transhumanism"
3085:
2685:
2660:
2492:
2407:
2000:
1884:
1842:
1794:
1677:
1545:
1541:
1410:
1324:
1218:
1153:
1149:
1103:
1099:
1085:
1046:
1038:
980:
879:
851:
781:
520:
412:
277:
272:
125:
11057:
11007:
10830:
10809:
Ayala FR, Bauman C, Cogliati S, Leñini C, Bartolini M, Grau R (March 2017).
10779:
9943:
Froy O (August 2011). "Circadian rhythms, aging, and life span in mammals".
9545:
7766:
7667:
7613:
6919:"Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical activation of FOXO3 for healthy longevity"
6826:"Slowing ageing by design: the rise of NAD and sirtuin-activating compounds"
6379:
5869:
5796:
5319:
4796:
4683:
4667:"Coenzyme Q10 supplementation: Efficacy, safety, and formulation challenges"
4666:
3704:
The Immortal Cell: One Scientist's Quest to Solve the Mystery of Human Aging
2939:"AMA report questions science behind using hormones as anti-aging treatment"
2577:/isolation, social life and support, exercise/physical activity (partly via
1186:
recognizes neither anti-aging medicine nor the A4M's professional standing.
12967:
12889:
12863:
12858:
12848:
12823:
12555:
12407:
12378:
11803:
11793:
11788:
11498:
11316:
11301:
11271:
11195:
11185:
11145:
10994:
10924:. Technical Report #2008-3. Future of Humanity Institute, Oxford University
10912:
10897:
10879:
10848:
10795:
10764:
10485:
10436:
10377:
10342:
10256:
10207:
10150:
10107:
10064:
10021:
9977:
9964:
9929:
9880:
9837:
9786:
9735:
9681:
9640:
9589:
9561:
9526:
9469:
9410:
9367:
9324:
9275:
9226:
9167:
9123:
9080:
Campisi J, Kapahi P, Lithgow GJ, Melov S, Newman JC, Verdin E (July 2019).
9059:
9040:
9008:
8949:
8889:
8838:
8797:
8762:
8713:
8659:
8600:
8565:
8508:
8473:
8424:
8357:
8267:
8248:
8216:
8165:
8107:
8058:
8015:
7929:
7886:
7835:
7784:
7735:
7686:
7635:
7598:
7547:
7516:
7475:
7426:
7375:
7316:
7278:
7237:
7178:
7170:
7134:
7099:
7050:
7001:
6944:
6903:
6859:
6802:
6755:
6691:
6641:
6587:
6535:
6483:
6434:
6397:
6340:
6291:
6242:
6199:
6164:
6146:
6045:
5996:
5887:
5829:
5517:
5337:
5218:
5158:
5095:
5052:
4939:
4898:
4862:
4778:
4702:
4651:
4602:
4545:
4507:
4456:
4389:
4381:
4354:
4309:
4252:
4203:
4154:
4102:
4053:
3997:"Australian and US scientists reverse ageing in mice, humans could be next"
3567:
3534:"Aging and longevity in the simplest animals and the quest for immortality"
3420:
3385:
3366:
3318:
3275:
3152:
3103:
3051:
2989:
2675:
2218:
2213:
2162:
2076:
1935:
1890:
1873:
1584:
1436:
1428:
1420:
1376:
1356:
1290:
1230:
1095:
1090:
942:
907:
867:
821:
809:
723:
682:
650:
538:
444:
304:
149:
139:
108:
10650:"This anti-aging start-up is charging thousands of dollars for teen blood"
10324:
9911:
9818:
9431:
9207:
7651:"Free radicals, antioxidants and functional foods: Impact on human health"
7579:
6554:"Senolytic Drugs: Reducing Senescent Cell Viability to Extend Health Span"
6500:
Di Micco R, Krizhanovsky V, Baker D, d'Adda di Fagagna F (February 2021).
5978:
5140:
4488:
4084:
3510:
3211:
1921:
the yearly population growth rate. Moreover, the philosopher and futurist
12942:
12767:
12550:
12545:
12478:
12132:
11691:
11674:
11331:
11311:
11150:
11105:
10099:
9978:
Acosta-Rodríguez VA, Rijo-Ferreira F, Green CB, Takahashi JS (May 2021).
8500:
7717:
7407:
7356:
6894:
6877:
5499:
4472:"A review of pterostilbene antioxidant activity and disease modification"
4119:
Shmookler Reis RJ, Bharill P, Tazearslan C, Ayyadevara S (October 2009).
4118:
3899:"Google announces Calico, a new company focused on health and well-being"
3342:"Experimental evolution of aging, growth, and reproduction in fruitflies"
2968:
Holliday R (April 2009). "The extreme arrogance of anti-aging medicine".
2843:
2828:
2818:
2736:
2618:
2593:) are investigated as potential (modulatable) factors of life extension.
2318:
2176:
2052:
1989:
1917:, allowing women to space out their pregnancies over more years and thus
1887:
1802:
1501:
within the mainstream scientific community and has been characterized as
1348:
1320:
1194:
899:
885:
The longest documented human lifespan is 122 years 164 days, the case of
785:
357:
319:
12260:
10174:"Role of heat shock proteins in aging and chronic inflammatory diseases"
10043:
Post SG (2005). "Altuism, happiness, and health: it's good to be good".
9653:
9460:
9082:"From discoveries in ageing research to therapeutics for healthy ageing"
8971:
Nederveen JP, Warnier G, Di Carlo A, Nilsson MI, Tarnopolsky MA (2020).
7848:
7269:
7252:
7218:
7192:
Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Gluud LL, Simonetti RG, Gluud C (March 2012).
6841:
6104:
5899:
5897:
5695:"Sam Altman invested $ 180 million into a company trying to delay death"
5087:
4990:
4894:"Dying is the last thing anyone wants to do – so keep cool and carry on"
4291:
3117:
López-Otín C, Blasco MA, Partridge L, Serrano M, Kroemer G (June 2013).
12818:
12510:
12412:
11652:
11539:
11372:
11200:
10705:"Gut bacteria from young mice reverse signs of brain aging in old mice"
9140:
López-Otín C, Galluzzi L, Freije JM, Madeo F, Kroemer G (August 2016).
8197:
7877:
7816:
7066:"Fasting and rapamycin: diabetes versus benevolent glucose intolerance"
6983:
6307:"Clinical strategies and animal models for developing senolytic agents"
5592:
4693:
3960:"Harvard researchers find protein that could reverse the aging process"
2858:
2853:
2769:
2743:
2622:
2586:
2574:
2520:
2423:
2367:
2107:
2060:
2024:
1960:
1822:
1810:
1786:
1741:
1736:
Some critics dispute the portrayal of aging as a disease. For example,
1709:
1638:
1552:
1498:
1340:
1316:
1277:
and the extension in yeast by a combination of genetic engineering and
1266:
1161:
1094:, wherein scientists worked toward delaying aging and prolonging life.
1030:
895:
841:
560:
374:
352:
8744:
7702:"Life History Trade-offs within the Context of Mitochondrial Hormesis"
6746:
5044:
4537:
3801:"Steve Aoki, Dan Bilzerian, a giraffe and the search for eternal life"
2249:
that any dietary restriction practice contributes to human longevity.
2047:
A related concept is "senostatic", which means to suppress senescence.
12868:
12682:
12540:
12229:
12208:
11626:
11286:
11155:
10728:
10278:
9497:
Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
8973:"Extracellular Vesicles and Exosomes: Insights From Exercise Science"
8592:
6606:
Dönertaş HM, Fuentealba M, Partridge L, Thornton JM (February 2019).
5894:
5766:
3787:
To Dvorsky, aging is a problem that's desperately in need of solving.
2702:
2484:
2181:
2099:
2064:
2019:
2011:
1914:
1857:
1693:
1525:
1392:
1352:
1332:
1328:
1306:
1302:
1123:
1058:
1034:
996:
984:
911:
875:
805:
797:
789:
784:. Several researchers in the area, along with "life extensionists", "
667:
507:
437:
384:
379:
120:
10283:"Link between health spending and life expectancy: US is an outlier"
9024:"Friends and foes: Extracellular vesicles in aging and rejuvenation"
8391:"The Mediterranean diet, its components, and cardiovascular disease"
6273:
6036:
6011:
5963:"The scientific quest for lasting youth: prospects for curing aging"
5613:
5244:"Blood iron levels could be key to slowing ageing, gene study shows"
5109:
4185:
1864:
from 2001 to 2005) has questioned whether potential exacerbation of
13103:
12972:
12853:
12331:
11225:
11125:
7797:
7700:
Hood WR, Zhang Y, Mowry AV, Hyatt HW, Kavazis AN (September 2018).
6605:
3582:
3412:
2772:
are being investigated as means for life and healthspan extension.
2411:
2222:
2103:
2056:
1922:
1838:
1611:
1549:
1533:
1502:
1480:
1423:
could completely remedy the effects of aging by 2030. According to
1406:
1026:
968:
950:
926:
890:
694:
396:
391:
264:
64:
4664:
2296:
1508:
874:, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication."
11642:
11387:
10449:
9749:
Hofer SJ, Davinelli S, Bergmann M, Scapagnini G, Madeo F (2021).
8532:"Elixir of Life: Thwarting Aging With Regenerative Reprogramming"
8437:
8236:
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
4616:
Shay KP, Moreau RF, Smith EJ, Smith AR, Hagen TM (October 2009).
2455:
2415:
2225:
response to ROS, whereby low oxidative damage can be beneficial.
2126:
2122:
1964:
1745:
1336:
1312:
1022:
988:
963:
is determined by the rate of aging for a species inherent in its
367:
191:
144:
9748:
7798:
Dominguez LJ, Di Bella G, Veronese N, Barbagallo M (June 2021).
7488:
7337:
7191:
7155:
4216:
3253:
3116:
11634:
11130:
10864:"Gerobiotics: probiotics targeting fundamental aging processes"
9751:"Caloric Restriction Mimetics in Nutrition and Clinical Trials"
9654:
O'Keefe EL, Torres-Acosta N, O'Keefe JH, Lavie CJ (July 2020).
9188:
8970:
7017:"Cellular senescence: at the nexus between ageing and diabetes"
4877:
2706:
2643:
Life expectancy vs healthcare spending of rich OECD countries.
2557:
1826:
1814:
1806:
1604:
1494:
1462:
1293:. One type of research is related to the observed effects of a
1206:
992:
934:
8181:"Dietary Protein and Amino Acids in Vegetarian Diets-A Review"
6256:
Childs BG, Durik M, Baker DJ, van Deursen JM (December 2015).
6220:
5923:"Peter Singer on Should We Live to 1,000? – Project Syndicate"
5811:
Enhancing Evolution: The ethical case for making better people
4743:"Medication Health Fraud for Specific Diseases and Conditions"
4168:
Childs BG, Durik M, Baker DJ, van Deursen JM (December 2015).
2560:
are being investigated for potential pro-longevity therapies.
2384:: early-stage research of in vivo pro-longevity nanotechnology
12178:
11397:
9139:
8486:
7015:
Palmer AK, Gustafson B, Kirkland JL, Smith U (October 2019).
5224:
3979:"UCLA biologists delay the aging process by 'remote control'"
3339:
3067:
2539:
2134:
847:
829:
11595:
8854:"Aging: A cell source limiting factor in tissue engineering"
7014:
4665:
Arenas-Jal M, Suñé-Negre JM, García-Montoya E (March 2020).
4219:"Caloric restriction and aging: studies in mice and monkeys"
4217:
Anderson RM, Shanmuganayagam D, Weindruch R (January 2009).
9388:
8817:
P & T: A Peer-Reviewed Journal for Formulary Management
6255:
5293:
4569:"Lipid metabolism and lipid signals in aging and longevity"
4167:
4066:
3881:"How Google's Calico aims to fight aging and 'solve death'"
3340:
Stearns SC, Ackermann M, Doebeli M, Kaiser M (March 2000).
2483:
There is a need and research into the development of aging
2276:
Sustainable consumption § Sustainable food consumption
1956:
1633:
on 1.75 m people with known lifespans overall, identify 10
1431:
who originally suggested to him (circa 1959) the idea of a
1122:
included seizure of merchandise and court action. In 1991,
964:
870:, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction,
10306:
9656:"Training for Longevity: The Reverse J-Curve for Exercise"
8913:
8321:
7388:
6776:
6060:
Geriatric Bioscience: The link between aging & disease
5030:
3617:
Leadership in Science and Technology: A Reference Handbook
1658:
a novel aging route with substantially extended lifespan.
917:
The average life expectancy in a population is lowered by
10808:
10593:"Ambrosia: the startup harvesting the blood of the young"
9574:
9345:
9079:
8389:
Widmer RJ, Flammer AJ, Lerman LO, Lerman A (March 2015).
8388:
6608:"Identifying Potential Ageing-Modulating Drugs In Silico"
6551:
5122:
4265:
2444:
and geroscience will have to interact closely (see also:
999:
do not die of old age and exhibit potential immortality.
9980:"Importance of circadian timing for aging and longevity"
9799:
8775:
8036:
7749:
Lee MB, Hill CM, Bitto A, Kaeberlein M (November 2021).
7611:
6404:
5948:
Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project
5771:
Toward a more natural science: biology and human affairs
5267:
5174:
3189:
2531:
has been critical of some anti-aging hormone therapies.
9578:
Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents
8578:
6715:
6298:
6249:
6131:"Tragedy and delight: the ethics of decelerated ageing"
5241:
5175:
Timmers PR, Wilson JF, Joshi PK, Deelen J (July 2020).
3584:
A History of Life-Extensionism in the Twentieth Century
3398:
3013:
2332:
Further advanced biosciences-based approaches include:
1705:
appear earlier than other life-extension technologies.
1447:". The idea was incorporated into Feynman's 1959 essay
835:
10815:
and the search for a long and healthy human longevity"
8581:
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Developmental Biology
7748:
7648:
5636:"A Single-Issue Political Party for Longevity Science"
5230:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
4622:
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects
4322:
4125:
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects
2551:
1427:, it was his former graduate student and collaborator
13079:
Existential risk from artificial general intelligence
9543:
8729:"Stem cell paracrine actions and tissue regeneration"
6777:
Partridge L, Fuentealba M, Kennedy BK (August 2020).
4671:
Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety
3441:
2885:
Can We Live Forever? A Sociological and Moral Inquiry
2284:
modifying the Mediterranean diet as the baseline via
2040:
to determine if they can selectively induce death of
12899:
All-Party Parliamentary Group for Future Generations
9800:
Chapman BP, Roberts B, Duberstein P (10 July 2011).
8727:
Baraniak, Priya R; McDevitt, Todd C (January 2010).
8621:
7614:"Nutritional Antioxidants: It Is Time to Categorise"
6659:
6657:
6655:
6653:
6651:
6072:
Moody HR (2002). "Who's afraid of life extension?".
4615:
3911:
3779:"Futurist: 'I will reap benefits of life extension'"
2366:: early-stage research about rejuvenating/repairing
1994:
1683:
1217:, and its research team includes scientists such as
10862:Tsai YC, Cheng LH, Liu YW, Jeng OJ, Lee YK (2021).
10220:
9697:
9135:
9133:
8444:
Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health
8232:"A Review Study of a Green Diet and Healthy Ageing"
7699:
6916:
4410:
3241:"What Causes Aging? Damage-Based Theories of Aging"
3014:Olshansky SJ, Hayflick L, Carnes BA (August 2002).
3009:
3007:
1905:Controversy about life extension is due to fear of
10567:
9288:
9239:
7489:McCarty MF, O'Keefe JH, DiNicolantonio JJ (2018).
7251:Jiang S, Pan Z, Li H, Li F, Song Y, Qiu Y (2014).
6711:
6709:
6178:Perlman RM (February 1954). "The aging syndrome".
4523:
3701:
3531:
3238:
2898:
2897:
2742:and Alzheimer's disease. The approach is based on
1909:and possible effects on society. Biogerontologist
10398:
10085:
9289:Akbari M, Kirkwood TB, Bohr VA (September 2019).
9240:Akbari M, Kirkwood TB, Bohr VA (September 2019).
7649:Lobo, V; Patil, A; Phatak, A; Chandra, N (2010).
7112:
6823:
6779:"The quest to slow ageing through drug discovery"
6648:
6601:
6599:
6597:
6495:
6493:
4469:
3296:
780:beyond its generally-settled biological limit of
13243:
10861:
9130:
9075:
9073:
9071:
9069:
8726:
8322:Griswold, Max G.; et al. (September 2018).
6968:"Senolytic drugs: from discovery to translation"
6965:
6547:
6545:
6304:
5456:"Bio-engineered bladders successful in patients"
4745:. US Food and Drug Administration. 9 August 2023
3004:
2724:
2312:data suggesting negative long-term brain impacts
12401:Strategies for engineered negligible senescence
11507:Lifespan: Why We Age – and Why We Don't Have To
11211:Strategies for engineered negligible senescence
10910:
10777:
10569:"Teenagers' blood being sold for £6,200 a shot"
10221:Seals DR, Justice JN, LaRocca TJ (April 2016).
8230:Fong BY, Chiu WK, Chan WF, Lam TY (July 2021).
8229:
8178:
7751:"Antiaging diets: Separating fact from fiction"
7257:Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology
6871:
6869:
6706:
6062:. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland.
5938:
5936:
5170:
5168:
2301:meat reduction is (or can be) typically healthy
2257:Research suggests that increasing adherence to
1515:Strategies for engineered negligible senescence
1509:Strategies for engineered negligible senescence
1144:Other modern life extensionists include writer
816:replacement (such as with artificial organs or
12918:Centre for Enabling EA Learning & Research
10355:
10128:
9544:Baranowska B, Kochanowski J (September 2020).
8671:
8669:
8125:
8123:
8121:
8119:
8117:
7910:Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
6594:
6490:
6414:The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
4566:
4519:
4517:
2709:that are "simple, palatable, and affordable".
1876:wish incompatible with devotion to posterity."
910:maintenance, and recycling mechanisms such as
13207:Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies
12698:
12276:
11611:
11087:
11073:
9066:
8916:"Exerkines in health, resilience and disease"
8909:
8907:
8622:Topart C, Werner E, Arimondo PB (July 2020).
8129:
7612:Bast, A.; Haenen GRMM; Lamprecht, M. (2015).
6542:
6447:
6410:
3532:Petralia RS, Mattson MP, Yao PJ (July 2014).
2343:for pro-longevity and protective genes – see
2051:Senolytics eliminate senescent cells whereas
2005:MTOR inhibitors § Rapamycin and rapalogs
750:
12783:Psychological barriers to effective altruism
10778:Sharma D, Kober MM, Bowe WP (January 2016).
10045:International Journal of Behavioral Medicine
9858:
8280:
7250:
7063:
6866:
6558:Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology
5960:
5933:
5165:
4922:A Consumer's Guide to "Alternative" Medicine
2436:: future studies may tailor and investigate
2156:
2098:candidates studied most extensively include
882:is believed to contribute to aging as well.
11018:
10643:
10641:
10639:
10528:
10526:
9021:
8666:
8114:
7907:
7395:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
7344:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
7198:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
6824:Bonkowski MS, Sinclair DA (November 2016).
6356:"Senolytic therapies for healthy longevity"
6353:
5482:Lo, Bernard; Parham, Lindsay (1 May 2009).
5073:
4514:
4114:
4112:
3849:
3646:"Is there any truth to anti-aging schemes?"
12753:Distributional cost-effectiveness analysis
12705:
12691:
12665:
12283:
12269:
11618:
11604:
11080:
11066:
10977:"Are You Living in a Computer Simulation?"
10672:
10670:
9893:
9391:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
8904:
6180:Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
5822:
5563:
4934:
4367:
4013:
3941:"Young blood makes old mice more youthful"
3063:
3061:
2963:
2961:
2716:
2295:foods alongside additional restriction of
1900:
757:
743:
712:Collapse of the therapy-enhancement divide
12290:
11166:Index of topics related to life extension
10887:
10868:Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health
10838:
10746:
10561:
10559:
10557:
10555:
10475:
10426:
10416:
10332:
10246:
10197:
10011:
9919:
9827:
9817:
9776:
9766:
9725:
9715:
9671:
9630:
9620:
9516:
9459:
9449:
9314:
9265:
9216:
9206:
9157:
9113:
9049:
9039:
8998:
8988:
8939:
8879:
8869:
8828:
8752:
8703:
8693:
8649:
8639:
8624:"Wandering along the epigenetic timeline"
8555:
8463:
8414:
8347:
8298:
8257:
8247:
8206:
8196:
8155:
8097:
7876:
7866:
7825:
7815:
7774:
7725:
7676:
7666:
7588:
7578:
7529:
7506:
7465:
7416:
7406:
7365:
7355:
7268:
7227:
7217:
7089:
7040:
6991:
6966:Kirkland JL, Tchkonia T (November 2020).
6934:
6893:
6849:
6745:
6681:
6631:
6577:
6525:
6473:
6387:
6330:
6281:
6154:
6035:
5986:
5877:
5813:. Princeton University Press, New Jersey.
5507:
5327:
5268:University of California (16 July 2020).
5208:
5148:
4735:
4692:
4682:
4641:
4592:
4497:
4487:
4476:Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
4446:
4436:
4336:
4299:
4242:
4193:
4144:
4092:
4043:
3821:
3728:
3557:
3492:
3375:
3365:
3142:
3093:
3041:
3031:
2760:
1731:
12928:Centre for the Study of Existential Risk
10946:
10636:
10523:
8675:
8179:Mariotti F, Gardner CD (November 2019).
7963:
7961:
7959:
7957:
7955:
7953:
7951:
7949:
7947:
7439:
6124:
6122:
5714:"The Man Who Thinks He Can Live Forever"
5677:"Silicon Valley's Quest to Live Forever"
5658:"Veritas Forum Q&A with Peter Thiel"
5481:
5242:University of Edinburgh (16 July 2020).
4763:
4109:
3878:
3580:
3478:
3442:Bavestrello G, Sommer C, Sarà M (1992).
2967:
2807:Index of life extension-related articles
2638:
2610:
2606:
2314:even at low/moderate consumption levels.
2151:
1637:which appear to intrinsically influence
1616:
850:, an organism accumulates damage to its
543:
13008:Machine Intelligence Research Institute
11031:
11021:"What Happens When We All Live to 100?"
11005:
10974:
10949:"Will Your Uploaded Mind Still Be You?"
10667:
10565:
10499:
10497:
10495:
9490:
8810:
8071:
7297:Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs
6305:Kirkland JL, Tchkonia T (August 2015).
6177:
5905:"Superlongevity Without Overpopulation"
5851:
5388:
5350:
5011:
4809:
4714:
4712:
4567:Mutlu AS, Duffy J, Wang MC (May 2021).
3976:
3662:
3643:
3611:(20 October 2011). "Transhumanism". In
3058:
2958:
1762:
1419:that he believes that advanced medical
1255:periodic replacement of damaged tissues
1180:American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine
13244:
12712:
12521:Differential technological development
10702:
10647:
10590:
10552:
10532:
10503:
8300:10.1146/annurev-resource-111820-032340
8281:Parlasca MC, Qaim M (5 October 2022).
8078:European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
7969:"What Do We Know About Healthy Aging?"
7560:
7442:"The redox stress hypothesis of aging"
6875:
6830:Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology
6612:Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism
6570:10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-050120-105018
6506:Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology
6009:
5712:ALTER, CHARLOTTE (20 September 2023).
5674:
5484:"Ethical Issues in Stem Cell Research"
5453:
5228:Text and images are available under a
4980:
4919:
4812:"There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom"
3938:
3758:
3607:
2936:
2882:
2600:
2228:
2094:Besides rapamycin and senolytics, the
1979:
1726:
1544:proteins, targeted ablation of cells,
1167:
878:damage to cellular contents caused by
772:is the concept of extending the human
12686:
12264:
11599:
11061:
10676:
10399:Vaiserman A, Lushchak O (July 2017).
10277:
10171:
8372:"Facts about moderate drinking | CDC"
8283:"Meat Consumption and Sustainability"
7944:
7294:
6119:
6071:
5738:
5711:
5530:
4855:
4836:
4718:
3912:Human Longevity Inc. (4 March 2014).
2932:
2930:
2928:
1945:
1688:Some life extensionists suggest that
1184:American Board of Medical Specialties
12327:Aldehyde-stabilized cryopreservation
10616:
10492:
10042:
9942:
9602:
9022:Lananna BV, Imai SI (October 2021).
8130:Longo VD, Anderson RM (April 2022).
7532:"Antioxidants and protein oxidation"
6128:
6090:
6012:"Age research: a new angle on 'old'"
5765:
4709:
3977:Wolpert, Stuart (8 September 2014).
3957:
3699:
2919:participating institution membership
2563:
2514:
2032:, "destroying") is among a class of
1771:
1450:There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom
1098:(1627–1691), founding member of the
836:Average life expectancy and lifespan
12923:Center for High Impact Philanthropy
12610:Future-oriented technology analysis
10993:
8287:Annual Review of Resource Economics
7706:Integrative and Comparative Biology
7458:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.10.445
7446:Free Radical Biology & Medicine
5825:"The ideas interview: Nick Bostrom"
4891:
3798:
3016:"Position statement on human aging"
2667:) is considered to be unavoidable.
2472:
2404:Endogenous circulating biomolecules
2392:: of tissues and organs (see also:
2327:
1284:
953:, and avoidance of hazards such as
13:
11008:"We will be able to live to 1,000"
10986:
10780:"Anti-Aging Effects of Probiotics"
10580:from the original on 14 June 2022.
9894:Froy O, Miskin R (December 2010).
9493:"Growth hormone in the aging male"
9403:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05661.x
7620:. CRC Press/Taylor & Francis.
7440:Sohal RS, Orr WC (February 2012).
6192:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1954.tb00884.x
5614:"Scientists' Open Letter on Aging"
5533:"Umbilical stem cell breakthrough"
5427:Saletan, William (18 April 2008).
4983:"Is Defeating Aging Only A Dream?"
4719:Nania, Rachel (15 November 2023).
4347:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00069.2005
2925:
2337:Genetic and epigenetic alterations
2310:), which is under research due to
1986:Ageing § Prevention and delay
1565:
14:
13283:
11046:
10405:Journal of Translational Medicine
8051:10.2174/1570161111666131219111818
3663:Schudel, Matt (6 December 1992).
2775:
2589:, mood and stress (including via
1995:Senolytics and prolongevity drugs
1780:
1684:Cloning and body part replacement
1370:
12763:Equal consideration of interests
12664:
11761:Biodemography of human longevity
11224:
10999:"The Fable of the Dragon Tyrant"
10968:
10947:Graziano M (13 September 2019).
10940:
10918:Whole Brain Emulation: A Roadmap
10904:
10855:
10802:
10771:
10722:
10696:
10610:
10584:
10443:
10392:
10349:
10300:
10271:
10214:
10165:
10122:
10079:
10036:
9971:
9936:
9887:
9852:
9793:
9742:
9691:
9647:
9596:
9568:
9537:
9484:
9425:
9382:
9339:
9282:
9233:
9182:
9142:"Metabolic Control of Longevity"
9015:
8964:
8845:
8804:
8769:
8720:
8682:Stem Cell Research & Therapy
8615:
8572:
8523:
8480:
8431:
8395:The American Journal of Medicine
8382:
8364:
8315:
8274:
8223:
8172:
8065:
8030:
7987:
7901:
7855:The British Journal of Nutrition
7842:
7791:
7742:
7693:
7642:
7605:
7554:
7523:
7482:
7433:
7382:
7331:
7288:
7244:
7185:
7149:
7106:
7057:
7008:
6959:
6910:
6817:
6770:
6441:
6347:
5961:de Magalhães JP (October 2014).
5854:"The fable of the dragon tyrant"
5223:
4924:. Prometheus Books. p. 173.
4470:McCormack D, McFadden D (2013).
3939:Landau, Elizabeth (5 May 2014).
3729:Stolyarov G (25 November 2013).
3665:"Is it a crime to live forever?"
3256:Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery
2766:Fecal microbiota transplantation
2195:
2010:This section is an excerpt from
1929:
1862:President's Council on Bioethics
1661:
971:, fruit flies, and mice include
43:
13165:Famine, Affluence, and Morality
12933:Development Media International
11241:Timeline of senescence research
10784:Journal of Drugs in Dermatology
10358:Current Atherosclerosis Reports
8676:Ullah M, Sun Z (January 2018).
8008:10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.12.002
7618:Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition
7064:Blagosklonny MV (August 2019).
6214:
6171:
6084:
6065:
6052:
6003:
5954:
5915:
5845:
5816:
5803:
5759:
5732:
5705:
5687:
5668:
5650:
5628:
5606:
5557:
5524:
5475:
5447:
5420:
5382:
5344:
5287:
5261:
5235:
5135:(Database issue): D1027–D1033.
5116:
5102:
5067:
5024:
5005:
4974:
4928:
4913:
4885:
4849:
4839:"This Man Is Not a Cyborg. Yet"
4830:
4803:
4757:
4658:
4609:
4560:
4463:
4404:
4361:
4316:
4259:
4210:
4161:
4060:
4007:
3989:
3970:
3951:
3932:
3905:
3891:
3872:
3843:
3815:
3792:
3771:
3752:
3738:. Rational Argumentator Press.
3722:
3693:
3675:
3656:
3637:
3601:
3574:
3525:
3472:
3435:
3392:
3333:
3290:
3247:
3232:
3218:
2360:and rejuvenate or replace cells
2269:
2252:
2148:(including timing) in general.
1852:
1645:and most being associated with
1174:Timeline of senescence research
1113:
1009:Timeline of senescence research
729:Therapy-enhancement distinction
21:Life extension (disambiguation)
13129:Risk of astronomical suffering
11019:Easterbrook G (October 2014).
10811:"Microbial flora, probiotics,
7530:Griffiths HR (November 2000).
7210:10.1002/14651858.CD007176.pub2
6783:Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery
5743:. Betterhumans. Archived from
5638:. Fightaging.org. 27 July 2012
3824:"Anti-Aging Potion Or Poison?"
3461:(2–3): 137–140. Archived from
3444:"Bi-directional conversion in
3183:
3159:
3110:
2891:
2876:
2814:Advanced glycation end product
2645:US average of $ 10,447 in 2018
2466:mitochondrial theory of ageing
1895:The Fable of the Dragon-Tyrant
1598:
1435:use for Feynman's theoretical
656:Treating executive dysfunction
1:
12913:Centre for Effective Altruism
12743:Disability-adjusted life year
12637:Technology in science fiction
11625:
11053:Life extension on Wikiversity
11006:de Grey A (3 December 2004).
10975:Bostrom N (19 January 2010).
8920:Nature Reviews. Endocrinology
8548:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.311866
8340:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31310-2
8039:Current Vascular Pharmacology
7922:10.1080/10408398.2019.1676698
7309:10.1080/13543784.2021.1939306
5573:European Journal of Marketing
5012:Garreau J (31 October 2007).
3879:McNicoll A (3 October 2013).
3822:Kuczynski A (12 April 1998).
3503:10.1016/S0531-5565(97)00113-7
3239:Pedro de Magalhães J (2014).
2870:
2803:List of life extension topics
2725:Young blood conspiracy theory
2266:relative rises in life-span.
2142:rapamycin and its derivatives
1071:Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard
706:Pontifical and Promethean man
549:Undesirability of immortality
13028:Raising for Effective Giving
12953:Future of Humanity Institute
10566:Osborne S (20 August 2017).
10533:Kirkey S (2 November 2017).
10504:Maxmen A (13 January 2017).
10239:10.1113/jphysiol.2014.282665
8811:Ventola, CL (October 2012).
8407:10.1016/j.amjmed.2014.10.014
7561:Cobley JN (September 2020).
6972:Journal of Internal Medicine
4810:Feynman RP (December 1959).
4634:10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.07.026
4585:10.1016/j.devcel.2021.03.034
4438:10.1371/journal.pone.0002264
4137:10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.05.011
3958:Wood, Anthony (7 May 2014).
3268:10.1517/17460441.2012.660144
3204:10.1016/0921-8734(92)90034-M
2665:years of potential life lost
2529:American Medical Association
2173:free-radical theory of aging
2119:sirtuin-activating compounds
1974:Food and Drug Administration
1587:polymers are delivered as a
1365:Food and Drug Administration
7:
13179:Living High and Letting Die
13124:Neglected tropical diseases
11368:Alliance for Aging Research
11032:Emanuel EJ (October 2014).
10703:Haridy R (10 August 2021).
10591:Haynes G (21 August 2017).
10057:10.1207/s15327558ijbm1202_4
9550:Neuro Endocrinology Letters
8858:World Journal of Stem Cells
8456:10.2174/1745017902016010156
7973:National Institute on Aging
6876:Sekhar RV (December 2021).
6354:van Deursen JM (May 2019).
6323:10.1016/j.exger.2014.10.012
6010:Hayden EC (November 2007).
5823:Sutherland J (9 May 2006).
5739:Smith S (3 December 2002).
5426:
4858:"Cold facts about cryonics"
3850:Jones T, Rae M, de Grey A.
3759:Istvan Z (2 October 2014).
2796:
2549:
2501:major outstanding questions
2358:human regenerative capacity
2241:Caloric restriction mimetic
2187:
2185:
1474:
1299:caloric restriction mimetic
1248:
1120:Life Extension organization
1045:, and philosophers such as
10:
13288:
12895:Against Malaria Foundation
12788:Quality-adjusted life year
12642:Technology readiness level
12578:Technological unemployment
11702:research into centenarians
11403:Gerontology Research Group
10748:10.1038/s43587-021-00093-9
10468:10.1038/s42003-022-03524-4
10190:10.1007/s11357-021-00394-2
10004:10.1038/s41467-021-22922-6
9957:10.1152/physiol.00012.2011
9873:10.1037/0278-6133.27.5.505
9509:10.1016/j.beem.2013.05.003
9491:Sattler FR (August 2013).
9159:10.1016/j.cell.2016.07.031
8932:10.1038/s41574-022-00641-2
8641:10.1186/s13148-020-00893-7
8148:10.1016/j.cell.2022.04.002
6518:10.1038/s41580-020-00314-w
6466:10.1038/s41419-020-03126-0
6427:10.1016/j.jaci.2020.03.016
5564:Sobh R, Martin BA (2011).
5531:White C (19 August 2005).
5201:10.1038/s41467-020-17312-3
4526:Medicinal Research Reviews
4036:10.1016/j.cell.2012.01.003
3644:Zaleski A (12 June 2018).
3135:10.1016/j.cell.2013.05.039
2887:. Anthem Press. p. 3.
2834:DNA damage theory of aging
2800:
2779:
2734:
2728:
2611:§ Scientific research
2607:§ Ethics and politics
2604:
2567:
2476:
2434:Personalized interventions
2273:
2238:
2232:
2167:DNA damage theory of aging
2160:
2055:– with candidates such as
2009:
1998:
1983:
1602:
1569:
1512:
1478:
1460:
1456:
1171:
1043:Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland
1021:, all the way through the
1006:
1002:
839:
155:Intelligence amplification
18:
13231:Effective Altruism Global
13223:
13158:The End of Animal Farming
13142:
13051:
13018:Nuclear Threat Initiative
12903:Animal Charity Evaluators
12882:
12806:
12720:
12660:
12625:Technological singularity
12585:Technological convergence
12503:
12305:
12298:
12222:
12171:
12131:
12093:
12048:
11893:
11835:
11824:
11771:Longevity escape velocity
11734:
11658:aging-associated diseases
11633:
11577:
11517:
11466:
11443:MPI for Biology of Ageing
11345:
11249:
11233:
11222:
11176:Longevity escape velocity
11098:
11034:"Why I Hope to Die at 75"
10418:10.1186/s12967-017-1259-8
10370:10.1007/s11883-018-0732-z
10227:The Journal of Physiology
10172:Gomez CR (October 2021).
10143:10.1038/s41562-018-0307-6
10088:Canadian Journal on Aging
9806:Journal of Aging Research
9717:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.803421
9622:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.717164
9451:10.1016/j.arr.2018.07.004
9360:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101142
9307:10.1016/j.arr.2019.100940
9258:10.1016/j.arr.2019.100940
9106:10.1038/s41586-019-1365-2
8990:10.3389/fphys.2020.604274
8695:10.1186/s13287-017-0746-4
8090:10.1038/s41430-020-0677-5
7868:10.1017/S0007114518002593
7127:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101240
7082:10.1038/s41419-019-1822-8
7033:10.1007/s00125-019-4934-x
6936:10.1016/j.arr.2022.101621
6795:10.1038/s41573-020-0067-7
6738:10.1038/s41586-018-0457-8
6683:10.1016/j.arr.2018.11.003
6624:10.1016/j.tem.2018.11.005
5858:Journal of Medical Ethics
5675:Friend T (3 April 2017).
5585:10.1108/03090561111119976
5454:Khamsi R (4 April 2006).
4981:Pontin J (11 July 2006).
4892:Day E (10 October 2015).
3550:10.1016/j.arr.2014.05.003
3311:10.1016/j.arr.2005.06.003
2982:10.1007/s10522-008-9170-6
2937:Japsen B (15 June 2009).
2906:Oxford English Dictionary
2651:Collectively, addressing
2356:to complement or augment
2341:Human genetic enhancement
2291:(additional) increase in
2157:Vitamins and antioxidants
2121:under investigation like
2081:electronic health records
1629:scientists, using public
1383:, one of the founders of
13186:The Most Good You Can Do
13099:Intensive animal farming
13084:Global catastrophic risk
12958:Future of Life Institute
12320:Microgravity bioprinting
12250:Longest-living organisms
11554:Experimental Gerontology
11453:SENS Research Foundation
10677:Foley KE (1 June 2017).
10648:Kosoff M (1 June 2017).
9768:10.3389/fnut.2021.717343
8871:10.4252/wjsc.v11.i10.787
8790:10.2217/17435889.1.4.399
7070:Cell Death & Disease
6882:The Journal of Nutrition
6454:Cell Death & Disease
6311:Experimental Gerontology
4856:McKie R (13 July 2002).
4235:10.1177/0192623308329476
3481:Experimental Gerontology
3401:Nature Reviews. Genetics
3119:"The hallmarks of aging"
3086:10.1038/sj.embor.7400555
3043:10.1093/gerona/57.8.B292
2523:industry offers several
2458:released by mitochondria
2364:Epigenetic reprogramming
2245:As of 2021, there is no
1643:genome-wide significance
1536:-lengthening machinery,
1487:low-temperature freezing
1203:SENS Research Foundation
418:Brain–computer interface
12988:The Good Food Institute
12738:Demandingness objection
12590:Technological evolution
12563:Exploratory engineering
12491:Whole genome sequencing
11526:Ageing Research Reviews
11171:List of aging processes
10831:10.15698/mic2017.04.569
10313:Cardiovascular Research
9704:Frontiers in Psychology
9609:Frontiers in Psychology
9438:Ageing Research Reviews
9348:Ageing Research Reviews
9295:Ageing Research Reviews
9246:Ageing Research Reviews
8977:Frontiers in Physiology
8072:Tsugane S (June 2021).
7767:10.1126/science.abe7365
7668:10.4103/0973-7847.70902
7542:(Supplement): S47–S58.
7115:Ageing Research Reviews
6923:Ageing Research Reviews
6670:Ageing Research Reviews
6380:10.1126/science.aaw1299
6235:10.1093/geront/44.3.304
6129:Gems D (January 2011).
5870:10.1136/jme.2004.009035
5404:Oxford University Press
5366:Oxford University Press
5320:10.1126/science.aax9552
4837:Segal D (1 June 2013).
4770:The Singularity Is Near
4721:"A pill to slow aging?"
4684:10.1111/1541-4337.12539
3538:Ageing Research Reviews
3299:Ageing Research Reviews
2911:Oxford University Press
2731:Young blood transfusion
2717:Low ambient temperature
2657:loss of life expectancy
2579:neurobiological effects
2462:Mitochondria modulation
2374:Stem-cell interventions
2350:Cellular reprogramming'
2206:reactive oxygen species
1901:Overpopulation concerns
1493:may be possible in the
1416:The Singularity Is Near
812:, pharmaceuticals, and
688:Young blood transfusion
13214:What We Owe the Future
13043:Wild Animal Initiative
12778:Moral circle expansion
12600:Technology forecasting
12595:Technological paradigm
12568:Proactionary principle
12452:Robot-assisted surgery
12245:Transhumanist politics
12163:Immortality in fiction
12141:Biological immortality
11685:cognitive epidemiology
11216:Transhumanist politics
10880:10.12938/bmfh.2020-026
10617:Farr C (31 May 2017).
10456:Communications Biology
10131:Nature Human Behaviour
9755:Frontiers in Nutrition
9041:10.1096/fba.2021-00077
8249:10.3390/ijerph18158024
7171:10.1001/jama.297.8.842
6147:10.1098/rstb.2010.0288
5852:Bostrom N (May 2005).
5129:Nucleic Acids Research
4382:10.1002/bies.200900171
4325:Physiological Genomics
3852:"Research Report 2011"
3799:Tez RM (11 May 2015).
3367:10.1073/pnas.060289597
3228:. informatics.jax.org.
2824:Biological immortality
2761:Microbiome alterations
2653:common causes of death
2648:
2420:Extracellular vesicles
1878:
1757:anti-aging supplements
1748:. Hayflick and fellow
1740:, who determined that
1732:Scientific controversy
1647:cardiovascular disease
1622:
1497:. It is regarded with
1182:(A4M) was formed. The
1041:, Johann Cohausen and
939:cardiovascular disease
846:During the process of
593:Religious response to
544:Against life extension
528:Frankenstein's monster
429:Man-Computer Symbiosis
423:Deep brain stimulation
287:"Nobelist sperm banks"
252:Polygenic (risk) score
186:germline interventions
13267:Anti-aging substances
13172:The Life You Can Save
13134:Wild animal suffering
12526:Disruptive innovation
12435:Regenerative medicine
12430:Personalized medicine
12292:Emerging technologies
12049:regions by continents
11668:negligible senescence
11663:degenerative diseases
11568:Rejuvenation Research
11561:Neurobiology of Aging
11438:Methuselah Foundation
10510:MIT Technology Review
9984:Nature Communications
9912:10.18632/aging.100116
9208:10.3390/genes12091348
8733:Regenerative Medicine
7655:Pharmacognosy Reviews
7580:10.3390/antiox9100933
7536:Free Radical Research
5979:10.1089/rej.2014.1580
5967:Rejuvenation Research
5741:"Killing Immortality"
5699:MIT Technology Review
5181:Nature Communications
4223:Toxicologic Pathology
4085:10.1089/rej.2012.1324
4073:Rejuvenation Research
3587:. Longevity History.
3446:Turritopsis nutricula
2735:Further information:
2729:Further information:
2691:preventive healthcare
2642:
2438:personalized medicine
2288:. For instance, via:
2152:Diets and supplements
2089:personalized medicine
1955:academic affairs for
1870:
1620:
1548:clearance, and novel
1413:, stated in his book
1229:. In 2014, biologist
1199:Methuselah Foundation
1019:Smith medical papyrus
1007:Further information:
802:regenerative medicine
662:Evolutionary humanism
577:That Hideous Strength
513:Stem cell controversy
299:Somatic interventions
12798:Venture philanthropy
12573:Technological change
12516:Collingridge dilemma
11894:regions of countries
11714:LGBT life expectancy
10100:10.3138/cja.27.4.399
8628:Clinical Epigenetics
8536:Circulation Research
8501:10.1089/hum.2019.197
8450:(Suppl-1): 156–164.
8334:(10152): 1015–1035.
7408:10.3390/ijms21228764
7357:10.3390/ijms20153815
5500:10.1210/er.2008-0031
5014:"The Invincible Man"
4993:on 11 September 2012
3901:. 18 September 2013.
2505:Biological databases
2073:biological databases
1860:(chairman of the US
1763:Consumer motivations
1721:reproductive cloning
1714:embryonic stem cells
1698:reproductive cloning
1656:genetically engineer
1538:allotopic expression
1082:Age of Enlightenment
818:xenotransplantations
603:Wisdom of repugnance
567:The Abolition of Man
494:Our Posthuman Future
392:Xanthine derivatives
337:Fetal tissue implant
310:Somatic gene therapy
19:For other uses, see
13033:Sentience Institute
12630:Technology scouting
12605:Accelerating change
12374:Genetic engineering
12235:Longevity insurance
12153:Digital immortality
11779:calorie restriction
11766:Indefinite lifespan
11756:Anti-aging movement
11726:Biomarkers of aging
11413:Immortalist Society
11161:Indefinite lifespan
11141:Free-radical theory
11121:Calorie restriction
11111:Anti-aging movement
10954:Wall Street Journal
10325:10.1093/cvr/cvaa025
9996:2021NatCo..12.2862A
9819:10.4061/2011/759170
9098:2019Natur.571..183C
7495:The Ochsner Journal
7270:10.3177/jnsv.60.194
6842:10.1038/nrm.2016.93
6730:2018Natur.561...45P
6372:2019Sci...364..636V
6105:10.1511/2011.91.278
6058:Hamerman D. (2007)
6028:2007Natur.450..603H
5929:. 10 December 2012.
5312:2020Sci...369..325L
5193:2020NatCo..11.3570T
5141:10.1093/nar/gks1155
5088:10.1038/gt.2008.166
4818:on 11 February 2010
4489:10.1155/2013/575482
4429:2008PLoSO...3.2264B
4292:10.1038/nature08221
4284:2009Natur.460..392H
4003:. 19 December 2013.
3581:Stambler I (2014).
3358:2000PNAS...97.3309S
2944:The Chicago Tribune
2909:(Online ed.).
2601:Societal strategies
2446:combination therapy
2428:cerebrospinal fluid
2394:xenotransplantation
2229:Dietary restriction
2146:treatment schedules
1980:Beliefs and methods
1727:Ethics and politics
1690:therapeutic cloning
1398:Engines of Creation
1395:, in his 1986 book
1375:Future advances in
1345:dietary supplements
1295:calorie restriction
1279:caloric restriction
1275:genetic engineering
1168:Scientific research
985:planarian flatworms
973:caloric restriction
872:cellular senescence
673:Anti-aging movement
503:Cloning prohibition
315:for color blindness
255:(technical article)
225:Genetic engineering
220:Genetic enhancement
31:Part of a series on
13114:Malaria prevention
13074:Economic stability
13059:Biotechnology risk
13013:Malaria Consortium
12978:Giving What We Can
12948:Fistula Foundation
12733:Charity assessment
12714:Effective altruism
12647:Technology roadmap
12467:Synthetic genomics
12457:Relational biology
12445:Tissue engineering
12369:Generative biology
11885:World macroregions
11784:Diet and longevity
11483:The First Immortal
8489:Human Gene Therapy
8198:10.3390/nu11112661
7975:. 23 February 2022
7817:10.3390/nu13062028
7761:(6570): eabe7365.
7718:10.1093/icb/icy073
6984:10.1111/joim.13141
6895:10.1093/jn/nxab309
6093:American Scientist
5911:. 6 February 2005.
5602:on 18 August 2014.
5429:"Rearming America"
5368:. pp. 41–42.
4950:St. Martin's Press
4843:The New York Times
4573:Developmental Cell
3920:on 21 October 2014
3868:on 14 August 2012.
3829:The New York Times
3783:Al Jazeera America
3687:lifeboatfoundation
2883:Turner BS (2009).
2689:age" as a form of
2649:
2591:heat shock protein
2442:precision medicine
2389:Tissue engineering
2259:Mediterranean diet
2235:Diet and longevity
2210:muscle hypertrophy
1946:Aging as a disease
1623:
1530:tissue engineering
1445:swallow the doctor
1441:biological machine
1215:Arthur D. Levinson
646:Augmented learning
13239:
13238:
13151:Doing Good Better
13023:Open Philanthropy
13003:Mercy for Animals
12998:The Humane League
12874:Eliezer Yudkowsky
12839:William MacAskill
12814:Sam Bankman-Fried
12728:Aid effectiveness
12680:
12679:
12499:
12498:
12462:Synthetic biology
12440:Stem-cell therapy
12423:engineered uterus
12337:Artificial organs
12258:
12257:
12089:
12088:
11809:stem-cell therapy
11721:Maximum life span
11593:
11592:
11423:Insilico Medicine
11262:Eric R. Braverman
11206:Stem-cell therapy
11040:. pp. 74–81.
11027:. pp. 60–72.
10813:Bacillus subtilis
10319:(11): 1910–1917.
10288:Our World in Data
9861:Health Psychology
9660:Missouri Medicine
9092:(7764): 183–192.
9028:FASEB BioAdvances
8745:10.2217/rme.09.74
7916:(18): 3063–3082.
7861:(10): 1081–1097.
7027:(10): 1835–1841.
6888:(12): 3606–3616.
6366:(6441): 636–637.
6268:(12): 1424–1435.
6223:The Gerontologist
6141:(1561): 108–112.
6022:(7170): 603–605.
5927:Project Syndicate
5809:Harris J. (2007)
5788:978-0-02-918340-3
5488:Endocrine Reviews
5413:978-0-19-929115-1
5375:978-0-19-929115-1
5306:(6501): 325–329.
5045:10.1159/000052792
4987:Technology Review
4959:978-0-312-36706-0
4920:Butler K (1992).
4788:978-0-670-03384-3
4628:(10): 1149–1160.
4579:(10): 1394–1407.
4538:10.1002/med.21702
4278:(7253): 392–395.
4180:(12): 1424–1435.
4131:(10): 1075–1083.
3715:978-0-385-50928-2
3621:SAGE Publications
3192:Mutation Research
3080:(11): 1006–1008.
2917:(Subscription or
2839:Human enhancement
2699:dietary education
2583:circadian rhythms
2570:Lifestyle disease
2564:Lifestyle factors
2525:hormone therapies
2515:Hormone treatment
2345:genetics of aging
2286:nutrition science
2247:clinical evidence
2214:dedicated periods
1831:Retro Biosciences
1772:Political parties
1750:biogerontologists
1708:The use of human
1572:Genetics of aging
1560:biogerontologists
1546:immunotherapeutic
1519:Genetics of aging
1146:Gennady Stolyarov
1055:Benjamin Franklin
1017:and the Egyptian
1015:Epic of Gilgamesh
977:gene manipulation
904:energy metabolism
767:
766:
556:Nikolas Kompridis
534:He Jiankui affair
327:Stem-cell therapy
230:Epigenome editing
160:Moral enhancement
37:Human enhancement
13279:
13193:Practical Ethics
12844:Dustin Moskovitz
12834:Holden Karnofsky
12773:Marginal utility
12707:
12700:
12693:
12684:
12683:
12668:
12667:
12615:Horizon scanning
12531:Ephemeralization
12359:Brain transplant
12303:
12302:
12285:
12278:
12271:
12262:
12261:
12101:Longevity claims
11833:
11832:
11697:supercentenarian
11620:
11613:
11606:
11597:
11596:
11491:Fantastic Voyage
11282:Leonard Hayflick
11228:
11082:
11075:
11068:
11059:
11058:
11041:
11028:
11015:
11002:
10981:
10980:
10972:
10966:
10965:
10963:
10961:
10944:
10938:
10937:
10931:
10929:
10923:
10908:
10902:
10901:
10891:
10859:
10853:
10852:
10842:
10806:
10800:
10799:
10775:
10769:
10768:
10750:
10726:
10720:
10719:
10717:
10715:
10700:
10694:
10693:
10691:
10689:
10674:
10665:
10664:
10662:
10660:
10645:
10634:
10633:
10631:
10629:
10614:
10608:
10607:
10605:
10603:
10588:
10582:
10581:
10571:
10563:
10550:
10549:
10547:
10545:
10530:
10521:
10520:
10518:
10516:
10501:
10490:
10489:
10479:
10447:
10441:
10440:
10430:
10420:
10396:
10390:
10389:
10353:
10347:
10346:
10336:
10304:
10298:
10292:
10275:
10269:
10268:
10250:
10233:(8): 2001–2024.
10218:
10212:
10211:
10201:
10184:(5): 2515–2532.
10169:
10163:
10162:
10126:
10120:
10119:
10083:
10077:
10076:
10040:
10034:
10033:
10015:
9975:
9969:
9968:
9940:
9934:
9933:
9923:
9891:
9885:
9884:
9856:
9850:
9849:
9831:
9821:
9797:
9791:
9790:
9780:
9770:
9746:
9740:
9739:
9729:
9719:
9695:
9689:
9688:
9675:
9651:
9645:
9644:
9634:
9624:
9600:
9594:
9593:
9572:
9566:
9565:
9541:
9535:
9534:
9520:
9488:
9482:
9481:
9463:
9453:
9429:
9423:
9422:
9386:
9380:
9379:
9343:
9337:
9336:
9318:
9286:
9280:
9279:
9269:
9237:
9231:
9230:
9220:
9210:
9186:
9180:
9179:
9161:
9137:
9128:
9127:
9117:
9077:
9064:
9063:
9053:
9043:
9019:
9013:
9012:
9002:
8992:
8968:
8962:
8961:
8943:
8911:
8902:
8901:
8883:
8873:
8849:
8843:
8842:
8832:
8808:
8802:
8801:
8773:
8767:
8766:
8756:
8724:
8718:
8717:
8707:
8697:
8673:
8664:
8663:
8653:
8643:
8619:
8613:
8612:
8593:10.1002/wdev.308
8576:
8570:
8569:
8559:
8527:
8521:
8520:
8484:
8478:
8477:
8467:
8435:
8429:
8428:
8418:
8386:
8380:
8379:
8378:. 19 April 2022.
8368:
8362:
8361:
8351:
8319:
8313:
8312:
8302:
8278:
8272:
8271:
8261:
8251:
8227:
8221:
8220:
8210:
8200:
8176:
8170:
8169:
8159:
8142:(9): 1455–1470.
8127:
8112:
8111:
8101:
8069:
8063:
8062:
8034:
8028:
8027:
7991:
7985:
7984:
7982:
7980:
7965:
7942:
7941:
7905:
7899:
7898:
7880:
7870:
7846:
7840:
7839:
7829:
7819:
7795:
7789:
7788:
7778:
7746:
7740:
7739:
7729:
7697:
7691:
7690:
7680:
7670:
7646:
7640:
7639:
7609:
7603:
7602:
7592:
7582:
7558:
7552:
7551:
7527:
7521:
7520:
7510:
7486:
7480:
7479:
7469:
7437:
7431:
7430:
7420:
7410:
7386:
7380:
7379:
7369:
7359:
7335:
7329:
7328:
7292:
7286:
7285:
7272:
7248:
7242:
7241:
7231:
7221:
7189:
7183:
7182:
7153:
7147:
7146:
7110:
7104:
7103:
7093:
7061:
7055:
7054:
7044:
7012:
7006:
7005:
6995:
6963:
6957:
6956:
6938:
6914:
6908:
6907:
6897:
6873:
6864:
6863:
6853:
6821:
6815:
6814:
6774:
6768:
6767:
6749:
6713:
6704:
6703:
6685:
6661:
6646:
6645:
6635:
6603:
6592:
6591:
6581:
6549:
6540:
6539:
6529:
6497:
6488:
6487:
6477:
6445:
6439:
6438:
6421:(5): 1323–1331.
6408:
6402:
6401:
6391:
6351:
6345:
6344:
6334:
6302:
6296:
6295:
6285:
6253:
6247:
6246:
6218:
6212:
6211:
6175:
6169:
6168:
6158:
6126:
6117:
6116:
6088:
6082:
6081:
6069:
6063:
6056:
6050:
6049:
6039:
6007:
6001:
6000:
5990:
5958:
5952:
5951:
5950:. 6 August 2013.
5940:
5931:
5930:
5919:
5913:
5912:
5901:
5892:
5891:
5881:
5849:
5843:
5842:
5840:
5838:
5820:
5814:
5807:
5801:
5800:
5763:
5757:
5756:
5754:
5752:
5736:
5730:
5729:
5727:
5725:
5709:
5703:
5702:
5691:
5685:
5684:
5672:
5666:
5665:
5654:
5648:
5647:
5645:
5643:
5632:
5626:
5625:
5623:
5621:
5610:
5604:
5603:
5601:
5595:. Archived from
5570:
5561:
5555:
5554:
5552:
5550:
5541:. Archived from
5528:
5522:
5521:
5511:
5479:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5468:
5451:
5445:
5444:
5442:
5440:
5424:
5418:
5417:
5395:The Selfish Gene
5386:
5380:
5379:
5357:The Selfish Gene
5348:
5342:
5341:
5331:
5291:
5285:
5284:
5282:
5280:
5265:
5259:
5258:
5256:
5254:
5239:
5233:
5227:
5222:
5212:
5172:
5163:
5162:
5152:
5120:
5114:
5113:
5106:
5100:
5099:
5071:
5065:
5064:
5028:
5022:
5021:
5009:
5003:
5002:
5000:
4998:
4989:. Archived from
4978:
4972:
4971:
4938:, Rae M (2007).
4932:
4926:
4925:
4917:
4911:
4910:
4908:
4906:
4889:
4883:
4882:
4872:
4870:
4853:
4847:
4846:
4834:
4828:
4827:
4825:
4823:
4814:. Archived from
4807:
4801:
4800:
4761:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4750:
4739:
4733:
4732:
4730:
4728:
4716:
4707:
4706:
4696:
4686:
4662:
4656:
4655:
4645:
4613:
4607:
4606:
4596:
4564:
4558:
4557:
4532:(6): 2114–2131.
4521:
4512:
4511:
4501:
4491:
4467:
4461:
4460:
4450:
4440:
4408:
4402:
4401:
4365:
4359:
4358:
4340:
4320:
4314:
4313:
4303:
4263:
4257:
4256:
4246:
4214:
4208:
4207:
4197:
4165:
4159:
4158:
4148:
4116:
4107:
4106:
4096:
4064:
4058:
4057:
4047:
4018:(January 2012).
4011:
4005:
4004:
3993:
3987:
3986:
3974:
3968:
3967:
3955:
3949:
3948:
3936:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3925:
3916:. Archived from
3909:
3903:
3902:
3895:
3889:
3888:
3876:
3870:
3869:
3867:
3861:. Archived from
3856:
3847:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3836:
3819:
3813:
3812:
3796:
3790:
3789:
3775:
3769:
3768:
3756:
3750:
3749:
3737:
3726:
3720:
3719:
3707:
3700:West MD (2003).
3697:
3691:
3690:
3683:"William Faloon"
3679:
3673:
3672:
3660:
3654:
3653:
3641:
3635:
3634:
3605:
3599:
3598:
3578:
3572:
3571:
3561:
3529:
3523:
3522:
3496:
3476:
3470:
3469:
3468:on 26 June 2015.
3467:
3452:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3396:
3390:
3389:
3379:
3369:
3352:(7): 3309–3313.
3337:
3331:
3330:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3251:
3245:
3244:
3236:
3230:
3229:
3222:
3216:
3215:
3198:(3–6): 305–315.
3187:
3181:
3163:
3157:
3156:
3146:
3129:(6): 1194–1217.
3114:
3108:
3107:
3097:
3065:
3056:
3055:
3045:
3035:
3026:(8): B292–B297.
3011:
3002:
3001:
2965:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2934:
2923:
2922:
2914:
2902:
2895:
2889:
2888:
2880:
2864:Supercentenarian
2849:Maximum lifespan
2753:fiction series.
2635:Medical research
2631:Health education
2627:Health economics
2555:
2489:epigenetic clock
2473:Within the field
2398:artificial organ
2328:Other approaches
2191:
2096:drug-repurposing
2022:(from the words
1738:Leonard Hayflick
1669:The Selfish Gene
1485:Cryonics is the
1403:Raymond Kurzweil
1285:Anti-aging drugs
1259:molecular repair
1067:Elie Metchnikoff
961:Maximum lifespan
929:and age-related
782:around 125 years
778:maximum lifespan
759:
752:
745:
582:
572:
499:
488:Francis Fukuyama
463:Appeal to nature
434:
320:in sports doping
260:Prenatal testing
256:
247:Oocyte selection
185:
47:
28:
27:
13287:
13286:
13282:
13281:
13280:
13278:
13277:
13276:
13242:
13241:
13240:
13235:
13219:
13138:
13104:Land use reform
13047:
12963:Founders Pledge
12938:Evidence Action
12878:
12802:
12758:Earning to give
12716:
12711:
12681:
12676:
12656:
12495:
12484:Oncolytic virus
12386:Head transplant
12294:
12289:
12259:
12254:
12218:
12172:Longevity genes
12167:
12127:
12085:
12044:
11889:
11828:life expectancy
11826:
11820:
11730:
11709:Life expectancy
11648:Longevity myths
11629:
11624:
11594:
11589:
11573:
11513:
11462:
11458:Sierra Sciences
11408:Human Longevity
11353:2045 Initiative
11341:
11337:Michael D. West
11245:
11229:
11220:
11094:
11086:
11049:
11044:
10989:
10987:Further reading
10984:
10973:
10969:
10959:
10957:
10945:
10941:
10927:
10925:
10921:
10909:
10905:
10860:
10856:
10807:
10803:
10776:
10772:
10727:
10723:
10713:
10711:
10701:
10697:
10687:
10685:
10675:
10668:
10658:
10656:
10646:
10637:
10627:
10625:
10615:
10611:
10601:
10599:
10589:
10585:
10574:The Independent
10564:
10553:
10543:
10541:
10531:
10524:
10514:
10512:
10502:
10493:
10448:
10444:
10397:
10393:
10354:
10350:
10305:
10301:
10281:(26 May 2017).
10276:
10272:
10219:
10215:
10170:
10166:
10127:
10123:
10084:
10080:
10041:
10037:
9976:
9972:
9941:
9937:
9892:
9888:
9857:
9853:
9798:
9794:
9747:
9743:
9696:
9692:
9652:
9648:
9603:Vila J (2021).
9601:
9597:
9573:
9569:
9542:
9538:
9489:
9485:
9430:
9426:
9387:
9383:
9344:
9340:
9287:
9283:
9238:
9234:
9187:
9183:
9138:
9131:
9078:
9067:
9034:(10): 787–801.
9020:
9016:
8969:
8965:
8912:
8905:
8864:(10): 787–802.
8850:
8846:
8809:
8805:
8774:
8770:
8725:
8721:
8674:
8667:
8620:
8616:
8577:
8573:
8528:
8524:
8485:
8481:
8436:
8432:
8387:
8383:
8370:
8369:
8365:
8320:
8316:
8279:
8275:
8228:
8224:
8177:
8173:
8128:
8115:
8070:
8066:
8035:
8031:
7992:
7988:
7978:
7976:
7967:
7966:
7945:
7906:
7902:
7847:
7843:
7796:
7792:
7747:
7743:
7698:
7694:
7647:
7643:
7628:
7610:
7606:
7559:
7555:
7528:
7524:
7487:
7483:
7438:
7434:
7387:
7383:
7336:
7332:
7293:
7289:
7249:
7245:
7204:(3): CD007176.
7190:
7186:
7154:
7150:
7111:
7107:
7062:
7058:
7013:
7009:
6964:
6960:
6915:
6911:
6874:
6867:
6836:(11): 679–690.
6822:
6818:
6775:
6771:
6724:(7721): 45–56.
6714:
6707:
6662:
6649:
6604:
6595:
6550:
6543:
6498:
6491:
6446:
6442:
6409:
6405:
6352:
6348:
6303:
6299:
6274:10.1038/nm.4000
6262:Nature Medicine
6254:
6250:
6219:
6215:
6176:
6172:
6127:
6120:
6089:
6085:
6070:
6066:
6057:
6053:
6037:10.1038/450603a
6008:
6004:
5959:
5955:
5942:
5941:
5934:
5921:
5920:
5916:
5903:
5902:
5895:
5850:
5846:
5836:
5834:
5821:
5817:
5808:
5804:
5789:
5781:. p. 316.
5764:
5760:
5750:
5748:
5737:
5733:
5723:
5721:
5710:
5706:
5701:. 8 March 2023.
5693:
5692:
5688:
5673:
5669:
5664:. 25 June 2015.
5656:
5655:
5651:
5641:
5639:
5634:
5633:
5629:
5619:
5617:
5612:
5611:
5607:
5599:
5568:
5562:
5558:
5548:
5546:
5545:on 20 July 2009
5529:
5525:
5480:
5476:
5466:
5464:
5452:
5448:
5438:
5436:
5425:
5421:
5414:
5387:
5383:
5376:
5349:
5345:
5292:
5288:
5278:
5276:
5266:
5262:
5252:
5250:
5240:
5236:
5173:
5166:
5121:
5117:
5108:
5107:
5103:
5072:
5068:
5029:
5025:
5018:Washington Post
5010:
5006:
4996:
4994:
4979:
4975:
4960:
4933:
4929:
4918:
4914:
4904:
4902:
4890:
4886:
4868:
4866:
4854:
4850:
4835:
4831:
4821:
4819:
4808:
4804:
4789:
4762:
4758:
4748:
4746:
4741:
4740:
4736:
4726:
4724:
4717:
4710:
4663:
4659:
4614:
4610:
4565:
4561:
4522:
4515:
4468:
4464:
4409:
4405:
4366:
4362:
4338:10.1.1.327.4892
4321:
4317:
4264:
4260:
4215:
4211:
4186:10.1038/nm.4000
4174:Nature Medicine
4166:
4162:
4117:
4110:
4065:
4061:
4012:
4008:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3975:
3971:
3956:
3952:
3937:
3933:
3923:
3921:
3910:
3906:
3897:
3896:
3892:
3877:
3873:
3865:
3859:Sens Foundation
3854:
3848:
3844:
3834:
3832:
3820:
3816:
3797:
3793:
3777:
3776:
3772:
3765:Huffington Post
3757:
3753:
3746:
3735:
3727:
3723:
3716:
3698:
3694:
3681:
3680:
3676:
3661:
3657:
3650:Popular Science
3642:
3638:
3631:
3623:. p. 587.
3606:
3602:
3595:
3579:
3575:
3530:
3526:
3494:10.1.1.500.9508
3477:
3473:
3465:
3455:Scientia Marina
3450:
3440:
3436:
3397:
3393:
3338:
3334:
3295:
3291:
3252:
3248:
3237:
3233:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3188:
3184:
3164:
3160:
3115:
3111:
3066:
3059:
3033:10.1.1.541.3004
3012:
3005:
2966:
2959:
2949:
2947:
2935:
2926:
2916:
2896:
2892:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2868:
2809:
2801:Main articles:
2799:
2784:
2778:
2763:
2739:
2733:
2727:
2719:
2637:
2603:
2572:
2566:
2517:
2481:
2475:
2330:
2278:
2272:
2255:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2204:) include that
2198:
2169:
2159:
2154:
2049:
2048:
2042:senescent cells
2034:small molecules
2015:
2007:
1997:
1992:
1982:
1948:
1932:
1903:
1855:
1841:and NewLimit),
1835:Brian Armstrong
1819:Peter Diamandis
1813:(co-founder of
1783:
1774:
1765:
1734:
1729:
1712:, particularly
1686:
1674:Richard Dawkins
1664:
1651:haem metabolism
1649:– and identify
1631:biological data
1607:
1601:
1591:and are either
1578:
1570:Main articles:
1568:
1566:Genetic editing
1521:
1513:Main articles:
1511:
1483:
1477:
1469:2045 Initiative
1465:
1459:
1425:Richard Feynman
1381:K. Eric Drexler
1373:
1301:drugs, such as
1287:
1251:
1176:
1170:
1139:Michael D. West
1116:
1110:, says Hughes.
1029:practitioners,
1011:
1005:
931:chronic disease
923:child mortality
844:
838:
763:
734:
733:
700:Natura naturans
617:
609:
608:
580:
570:
497:
475:Brave New World
468:Bioconservatism
458:
450:
449:
432:
363:Methamphetamine
332:Embryonic cells
300:
292:
291:
254:
187:
179:
172:
171:
126:Transhumanistic
55:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
13285:
13275:
13274:
13269:
13264:
13259:
13254:
13252:Life extension
13237:
13236:
13234:
13233:
13227:
13225:
13221:
13220:
13218:
13217:
13210:
13203:
13196:
13189:
13182:
13175:
13168:
13161:
13154:
13146:
13144:
13140:
13139:
13137:
13136:
13131:
13126:
13121:
13119:Mass deworming
13116:
13111:
13109:Life extension
13106:
13101:
13096:
13094:Global poverty
13091:
13086:
13081:
13076:
13071:
13066:
13064:Climate change
13061:
13055:
13053:
13049:
13048:
13046:
13045:
13040:
13038:Unlimit Health
13035:
13030:
13025:
13020:
13015:
13010:
13005:
13000:
12995:
12990:
12985:
12983:Good Food Fund
12980:
12975:
12970:
12965:
12960:
12955:
12950:
12945:
12940:
12935:
12930:
12925:
12920:
12915:
12910:
12905:
12900:
12897:
12892:
12886:
12884:
12880:
12879:
12877:
12876:
12871:
12866:
12861:
12856:
12851:
12846:
12841:
12836:
12831:
12829:Hilary Greaves
12826:
12821:
12816:
12810:
12808:
12804:
12803:
12801:
12800:
12795:
12793:Utilitarianism
12790:
12785:
12780:
12775:
12770:
12765:
12760:
12755:
12750:
12748:Disease burden
12745:
12740:
12735:
12730:
12724:
12722:
12718:
12717:
12710:
12709:
12702:
12695:
12687:
12678:
12677:
12675:
12674:
12661:
12658:
12657:
12655:
12654:
12649:
12644:
12639:
12634:
12633:
12632:
12627:
12622:
12617:
12612:
12607:
12597:
12592:
12587:
12582:
12581:
12580:
12570:
12565:
12560:
12559:
12558:
12553:
12548:
12543:
12533:
12528:
12523:
12518:
12513:
12507:
12505:
12501:
12500:
12497:
12496:
12494:
12493:
12488:
12487:
12486:
12476:
12471:
12470:
12469:
12459:
12454:
12449:
12448:
12447:
12442:
12432:
12427:
12426:
12425:
12415:
12410:
12405:
12404:
12403:
12396:Life extension
12393:
12391:Isolated brain
12388:
12383:
12382:
12381:
12371:
12366:
12361:
12356:
12354:Biofabrication
12351:
12350:
12349:
12344:
12342:Organ printing
12334:
12329:
12324:
12323:
12322:
12315:3D bioprinting
12311:
12309:
12300:
12296:
12295:
12288:
12287:
12280:
12273:
12265:
12256:
12255:
12253:
12252:
12247:
12242:
12240:Longevity risk
12237:
12232:
12226:
12224:
12220:
12219:
12217:
12216:
12211:
12206:
12201:
12196:
12191:
12186:
12181:
12175:
12173:
12169:
12168:
12166:
12165:
12160:
12155:
12150:
12149:
12148:
12137:
12135:
12129:
12128:
12126:
12125:
12124:
12123:
12118:
12113:
12103:
12097:
12095:
12091:
12090:
12087:
12086:
12084:
12083:
12078:
12073:
12068:
12063:
12058:
12052:
12050:
12046:
12045:
12043:
12042:
12041:
12040:
12035:
12025:
12020:
12015:
12010:
12005:
12000:
11995:
11990:
11985:
11980:
11975:
11970:
11965:
11960:
11955:
11950:
11945:
11940:
11935:
11934:
11933:
11923:
11918:
11913:
11908:
11903:
11897:
11895:
11891:
11890:
11888:
11887:
11882:
11877:
11872:
11867:
11866:
11865:
11860:
11850:
11845:
11839:
11837:
11830:
11822:
11821:
11819:
11818:
11817:
11816:
11811:
11806:
11801:
11799:organ printing
11796:
11791:
11786:
11781:
11773:
11768:
11763:
11758:
11753:
11752:
11751:
11740:
11738:
11736:Life extension
11732:
11731:
11729:
11728:
11723:
11718:
11717:
11716:
11706:
11705:
11704:
11699:
11689:
11688:
11687:
11682:
11680:biogerontology
11672:
11671:
11670:
11665:
11660:
11650:
11645:
11639:
11637:
11631:
11630:
11623:
11622:
11615:
11608:
11600:
11591:
11590:
11588:
11587:
11585:Life extension
11581:
11579:
11575:
11574:
11572:
11571:
11564:
11557:
11550:
11547:Biogerontology
11543:
11536:
11529:
11521:
11519:
11515:
11514:
11512:
11511:
11503:
11495:
11487:
11479:
11475:Life Extension
11470:
11468:
11464:
11463:
11461:
11460:
11455:
11450:
11445:
11440:
11435:
11430:
11425:
11420:
11415:
11410:
11405:
11400:
11395:
11390:
11385:
11383:Buck Institute
11380:
11375:
11370:
11365:
11360:
11355:
11349:
11347:
11343:
11342:
11340:
11339:
11334:
11329:
11324:
11319:
11314:
11309:
11307:Ilya Mechnikov
11304:
11299:
11297:Dimu Kotsovsky
11294:
11292:Cynthia Kenyon
11289:
11284:
11279:
11274:
11269:
11267:Aubrey de Grey
11264:
11259:
11253:
11251:
11247:
11246:
11244:
11243:
11237:
11235:
11231:
11230:
11223:
11221:
11219:
11218:
11213:
11208:
11203:
11198:
11193:
11191:Organ printing
11188:
11183:
11181:Mind uploading
11178:
11173:
11168:
11163:
11158:
11153:
11148:
11143:
11138:
11133:
11128:
11123:
11118:
11113:
11108:
11102:
11100:
11096:
11095:
11092:life extension
11085:
11084:
11077:
11070:
11062:
11056:
11055:
11048:
11047:External links
11045:
11043:
11042:
11029:
11016:
11003:
10990:
10988:
10985:
10983:
10982:
10967:
10939:
10903:
10854:
10825:(4): 133–136.
10819:Microbial Cell
10801:
10770:
10741:(8): 666–676.
10721:
10695:
10666:
10635:
10609:
10583:
10551:
10522:
10491:
10442:
10391:
10348:
10299:
10270:
10213:
10164:
10137:(4): 253–260.
10121:
10094:(4): 399–406.
10078:
10035:
9970:
9951:(4): 225–235.
9935:
9886:
9867:(5): 505–512.
9851:
9792:
9741:
9690:
9666:(4): 355–361.
9646:
9595:
9567:
9536:
9503:(4): 541–555.
9483:
9424:
9397:(1): 316–326.
9381:
9338:
9281:
9232:
9181:
9152:(4): 802–821.
9129:
9065:
9014:
8963:
8926:(5): 273–289.
8903:
8844:
8823:(10): 582–91.
8803:
8784:(4): 399–412.
8768:
8739:(1): 121–143.
8719:
8665:
8614:
8571:
8542:(1): 128–141.
8522:
8495:(1–2): 20–46.
8479:
8430:
8401:(3): 229–238.
8381:
8363:
8314:
8273:
8222:
8171:
8113:
8084:(6): 921–928.
8064:
8045:(5): 735–738.
8029:
7986:
7943:
7900:
7841:
7790:
7741:
7712:(3): 567–577.
7692:
7661:(8): 118–126.
7641:
7626:
7604:
7553:
7522:
7481:
7452:(3): 539–555.
7432:
7381:
7330:
7303:(7): 749–758.
7287:
7263:(3): 194–205.
7243:
7184:
7165:(8): 842–857.
7148:
7105:
7056:
7007:
6978:(5): 518–536.
6958:
6909:
6865:
6816:
6789:(8): 513–532.
6769:
6705:
6647:
6618:(2): 118–131.
6593:
6564:(1): 779–803.
6541:
6489:
6440:
6403:
6346:
6297:
6248:
6229:(3): 304–310.
6213:
6186:(2): 123–129.
6170:
6118:
6083:
6064:
6051:
6002:
5973:(5): 458–467.
5953:
5932:
5914:
5893:
5864:(5): 273–277.
5844:
5815:
5802:
5787:
5758:
5747:on 7 June 2004
5731:
5704:
5686:
5681:The New Yorker
5667:
5649:
5627:
5605:
5579:(6): 963–986.
5556:
5538:The Australian
5523:
5494:(3): 204–213.
5474:
5446:
5419:
5412:
5406:. p. 42.
5381:
5374:
5343:
5286:
5260:
5234:
5164:
5115:
5110:"Gene Editing"
5101:
5066:
5039:(3): 168–173.
5023:
5004:
4973:
4958:
4927:
4912:
4884:
4848:
4829:
4802:
4787:
4756:
4734:
4708:
4677:(2): 574–594.
4657:
4608:
4559:
4513:
4462:
4403:
4360:
4331:(3): 343–350.
4315:
4258:
4209:
4160:
4108:
4079:(5): 483–494.
4059:
4030:(1–2): 46–57.
4006:
3988:
3969:
3950:
3931:
3904:
3890:
3871:
3842:
3814:
3791:
3785:. 7 May 2015.
3770:
3751:
3745:978-0615932040
3744:
3732:Death is Wrong
3721:
3714:
3692:
3674:
3655:
3636:
3630:978-1452266527
3629:
3600:
3594:978-1500818579
3593:
3573:
3524:
3487:(3): 217–225.
3471:
3434:
3413:10.1038/nrg759
3407:(3): 210–219.
3391:
3332:
3289:
3262:(3): 217–229.
3246:
3231:
3217:
3182:
3179:978-0198568698
3158:
3109:
3057:
3003:
2976:(2): 223–228.
2970:Biogerontology
2957:
2924:
2890:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2810:
2798:
2795:
2782:Mind uploading
2780:Main article:
2777:
2776:Mind uploading
2774:
2762:
2759:
2750:Silicon Valley
2726:
2723:
2718:
2715:
2615:Clinical trial
2602:
2599:
2565:
2562:
2548:and exerkines
2536:growth hormone
2516:
2513:
2479:Biogerontology
2474:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2459:
2449:
2431:
2408:Blood proteins
2401:
2385:
2377:
2371:
2361:
2347:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2315:
2304:
2271:
2268:
2254:
2251:
2233:Main article:
2230:
2227:
2197:
2194:
2175:suggests that
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2129:combined with
2077:cohort studies
2038:basic research
2016:
2008:
1996:
1993:
1981:
1978:
1952:David Sinclair
1947:
1944:
1934:A Spring 2013
1931:
1928:
1911:Aubrey De Grey
1907:overpopulation
1902:
1899:
1866:overpopulation
1854:
1851:
1829:, invested in
1782:
1781:Silicon Valley
1779:
1773:
1770:
1764:
1761:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1685:
1682:
1663:
1660:
1603:Main article:
1600:
1597:
1581:Genome editing
1576:Genome editing
1567:
1564:
1510:
1507:
1479:Main article:
1476:
1473:
1461:Main article:
1458:
1455:
1385:nanotechnology
1372:
1371:Nanotechnology
1369:
1286:
1283:
1250:
1247:
1227:Cynthia Kenyon
1223:David Botstein
1191:Aubrey de Grey
1169:
1166:
1158:George Dvorsky
1115:
1112:
1051:René Descartes
1004:
1001:
987:, and certain
887:Jeanne Calment
852:macromolecules
840:Main article:
837:
834:
770:Life extension
765:
764:
762:
761:
754:
747:
739:
736:
735:
732:
731:
726:
721:
718:Promethean gap
714:
709:
702:
697:
692:
691:
690:
685:
680:
678:Life extension
675:
665:
658:
653:
648:
643:
642:
641:
634:
618:
615:
614:
611:
610:
607:
606:
599:
590:
585:
584:
583:
573:
558:
553:
552:
551:
541:
536:
531:
524:
517:
516:
515:
510:
505:
500:
485:
480:
470:
465:
459:
456:
455:
452:
451:
448:
447:
442:
441:
440:
435:
425:
420:
402:
401:
400:
399:
389:
388:
387:
382:
372:
371:
370:
365:
360:
342:
341:
340:
339:
334:
324:
323:
322:
317:
307:
301:
298:
297:
294:
293:
290:
289:
283:
282:
281:
280:
275:
270:
262:
257:
249:
244:
242:Embryo quality
234:
233:
232:
227:
217:
216:
215:
213:Pre-conception
210:
205:
197:
188:
178:
177:
174:
173:
170:
169:
168:
167:
162:
157:
152:
147:
142:
131:
130:
129:
128:
123:
118:
111:
109:Posthumanistic
106:
103:Metahumanistic
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
56:
53:
52:
49:
48:
40:
39:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
13284:
13273:
13272:Transhumanism
13270:
13268:
13265:
13263:
13260:
13258:
13255:
13253:
13250:
13249:
13247:
13232:
13229:
13228:
13226:
13222:
13216:
13215:
13211:
13209:
13208:
13204:
13202:
13201:
13200:The Precipice
13197:
13195:
13194:
13190:
13188:
13187:
13183:
13181:
13180:
13176:
13174:
13173:
13169:
13167:
13166:
13162:
13160:
13159:
13155:
13153:
13152:
13148:
13147:
13145:
13141:
13135:
13132:
13130:
13127:
13125:
13122:
13120:
13117:
13115:
13112:
13110:
13107:
13105:
13102:
13100:
13097:
13095:
13092:
13090:
13089:Global health
13087:
13085:
13082:
13080:
13077:
13075:
13072:
13070:
13069:Cultured meat
13067:
13065:
13062:
13060:
13057:
13056:
13054:
13050:
13044:
13041:
13039:
13036:
13034:
13031:
13029:
13026:
13024:
13021:
13019:
13016:
13014:
13011:
13009:
13006:
13004:
13001:
12999:
12996:
12994:
12993:Good Ventures
12991:
12989:
12986:
12984:
12981:
12979:
12976:
12974:
12971:
12969:
12966:
12964:
12961:
12959:
12956:
12954:
12951:
12949:
12946:
12944:
12941:
12939:
12936:
12934:
12931:
12929:
12926:
12924:
12921:
12919:
12916:
12914:
12911:
12909:
12908:Animal Ethics
12906:
12904:
12901:
12898:
12896:
12893:
12891:
12888:
12887:
12885:
12883:Organizations
12881:
12875:
12872:
12870:
12867:
12865:
12862:
12860:
12857:
12855:
12852:
12850:
12847:
12845:
12842:
12840:
12837:
12835:
12832:
12830:
12827:
12825:
12822:
12820:
12817:
12815:
12812:
12811:
12809:
12805:
12799:
12796:
12794:
12791:
12789:
12786:
12784:
12781:
12779:
12776:
12774:
12771:
12769:
12766:
12764:
12761:
12759:
12756:
12754:
12751:
12749:
12746:
12744:
12741:
12739:
12736:
12734:
12731:
12729:
12726:
12725:
12723:
12719:
12715:
12708:
12703:
12701:
12696:
12694:
12689:
12688:
12685:
12673:
12672:
12663:
12662:
12659:
12653:
12652:Transhumanism
12650:
12648:
12645:
12643:
12640:
12638:
12635:
12631:
12628:
12626:
12623:
12621:
12618:
12616:
12613:
12611:
12608:
12606:
12603:
12602:
12601:
12598:
12596:
12593:
12591:
12588:
12586:
12583:
12579:
12576:
12575:
12574:
12571:
12569:
12566:
12564:
12561:
12557:
12554:
12552:
12549:
12547:
12544:
12542:
12539:
12538:
12537:
12534:
12532:
12529:
12527:
12524:
12522:
12519:
12517:
12514:
12512:
12509:
12508:
12506:
12502:
12492:
12489:
12485:
12482:
12481:
12480:
12477:
12475:
12472:
12468:
12465:
12464:
12463:
12460:
12458:
12455:
12453:
12450:
12446:
12443:
12441:
12438:
12437:
12436:
12433:
12431:
12428:
12424:
12421:
12420:
12419:
12418:Organ culture
12416:
12414:
12411:
12409:
12406:
12402:
12399:
12398:
12397:
12394:
12392:
12389:
12387:
12384:
12380:
12377:
12376:
12375:
12372:
12370:
12367:
12365:
12364:De-extinction
12362:
12360:
12357:
12355:
12352:
12348:
12345:
12343:
12340:
12339:
12338:
12335:
12333:
12330:
12328:
12325:
12321:
12318:
12317:
12316:
12313:
12312:
12310:
12308:
12304:
12301:
12297:
12293:
12286:
12281:
12279:
12274:
12272:
12267:
12266:
12263:
12251:
12248:
12246:
12243:
12241:
12238:
12236:
12233:
12231:
12228:
12227:
12225:
12221:
12215:
12212:
12210:
12207:
12205:
12202:
12200:
12197:
12195:
12192:
12190:
12187:
12185:
12182:
12180:
12177:
12176:
12174:
12170:
12164:
12161:
12159:
12158:Eternal youth
12156:
12154:
12151:
12147:
12144:
12143:
12142:
12139:
12138:
12136:
12134:
12130:
12122:
12119:
12117:
12114:
12112:
12109:
12108:
12107:
12106:Oldest people
12104:
12102:
12099:
12098:
12096:
12092:
12082:
12081:South America
12079:
12077:
12074:
12072:
12071:North America
12069:
12067:
12064:
12062:
12059:
12057:
12054:
12053:
12051:
12047:
12039:
12036:
12034:
12031:
12030:
12029:
12026:
12024:
12021:
12019:
12016:
12014:
12011:
12009:
12006:
12004:
12001:
11999:
11996:
11994:
11991:
11989:
11986:
11984:
11981:
11979:
11976:
11974:
11971:
11969:
11966:
11964:
11961:
11959:
11956:
11954:
11951:
11949:
11946:
11944:
11941:
11939:
11936:
11932:
11929:
11928:
11927:
11924:
11922:
11919:
11917:
11914:
11912:
11909:
11907:
11904:
11902:
11899:
11898:
11896:
11892:
11886:
11883:
11881:
11878:
11876:
11873:
11871:
11868:
11864:
11863:South America
11861:
11859:
11858:North America
11856:
11855:
11854:
11851:
11849:
11846:
11844:
11841:
11840:
11838:
11834:
11831:
11829:
11823:
11815:
11812:
11810:
11807:
11805:
11802:
11800:
11797:
11795:
11792:
11790:
11787:
11785:
11782:
11780:
11777:
11776:
11774:
11772:
11769:
11767:
11764:
11762:
11759:
11757:
11754:
11750:
11747:
11746:
11745:
11744:Topic outline
11742:
11741:
11739:
11737:
11733:
11727:
11724:
11722:
11719:
11715:
11712:
11711:
11710:
11707:
11703:
11700:
11698:
11695:
11694:
11693:
11690:
11686:
11683:
11681:
11678:
11677:
11676:
11673:
11669:
11666:
11664:
11661:
11659:
11656:
11655:
11654:
11651:
11649:
11646:
11644:
11641:
11640:
11638:
11636:
11632:
11628:
11621:
11616:
11614:
11609:
11607:
11602:
11601:
11598:
11586:
11583:
11582:
11580:
11576:
11570:
11569:
11565:
11563:
11562:
11558:
11556:
11555:
11551:
11549:
11548:
11544:
11542:
11541:
11537:
11535:
11534:
11530:
11528:
11527:
11523:
11522:
11520:
11516:
11509:
11508:
11504:
11501:
11500:
11496:
11493:
11492:
11488:
11485:
11484:
11480:
11477:
11476:
11472:
11471:
11469:
11465:
11459:
11456:
11454:
11451:
11449:
11446:
11444:
11441:
11439:
11436:
11434:
11431:
11429:
11426:
11424:
11421:
11419:
11416:
11414:
11411:
11409:
11406:
11404:
11401:
11399:
11396:
11394:
11391:
11389:
11386:
11384:
11381:
11379:
11376:
11374:
11371:
11369:
11366:
11364:
11361:
11359:
11356:
11354:
11351:
11350:
11348:
11346:Organizations
11344:
11338:
11335:
11333:
11330:
11328:
11325:
11323:
11320:
11318:
11315:
11313:
11310:
11308:
11305:
11303:
11300:
11298:
11295:
11293:
11290:
11288:
11285:
11283:
11280:
11278:
11277:Denham Harman
11275:
11273:
11270:
11268:
11265:
11263:
11260:
11258:
11255:
11254:
11252:
11248:
11242:
11239:
11238:
11236:
11232:
11227:
11217:
11214:
11212:
11209:
11207:
11204:
11202:
11199:
11197:
11194:
11192:
11189:
11187:
11184:
11182:
11179:
11177:
11174:
11172:
11169:
11167:
11164:
11162:
11159:
11157:
11154:
11152:
11149:
11147:
11144:
11142:
11139:
11137:
11134:
11132:
11129:
11127:
11124:
11122:
11119:
11117:
11114:
11112:
11109:
11107:
11106:Anti-oxidants
11104:
11103:
11101:
11097:
11093:
11090:
11083:
11078:
11076:
11071:
11069:
11064:
11063:
11060:
11054:
11051:
11050:
11039:
11035:
11030:
11026:
11022:
11017:
11013:
11009:
11004:
11000:
10996:
10992:
10991:
10978:
10971:
10956:
10955:
10950:
10943:
10936:
10920:
10919:
10914:
10907:
10899:
10895:
10890:
10885:
10881:
10877:
10873:
10869:
10865:
10858:
10850:
10846:
10841:
10836:
10832:
10828:
10824:
10820:
10816:
10814:
10805:
10797:
10793:
10789:
10785:
10781:
10774:
10766:
10762:
10758:
10754:
10749:
10744:
10740:
10736:
10732:
10725:
10710:
10706:
10699:
10684:
10680:
10673:
10671:
10655:
10651:
10644:
10642:
10640:
10624:
10620:
10613:
10598:
10594:
10587:
10579:
10575:
10570:
10562:
10560:
10558:
10556:
10540:
10539:National Post
10536:
10529:
10527:
10511:
10507:
10500:
10498:
10496:
10487:
10483:
10478:
10473:
10469:
10465:
10461:
10457:
10453:
10446:
10438:
10434:
10429:
10424:
10419:
10414:
10410:
10406:
10402:
10395:
10387:
10383:
10379:
10375:
10371:
10367:
10363:
10359:
10352:
10344:
10340:
10335:
10330:
10326:
10322:
10318:
10314:
10310:
10303:
10296:
10290:
10289:
10284:
10280:
10274:
10266:
10262:
10258:
10254:
10249:
10244:
10240:
10236:
10232:
10228:
10224:
10217:
10209:
10205:
10200:
10195:
10191:
10187:
10183:
10179:
10175:
10168:
10160:
10156:
10152:
10148:
10144:
10140:
10136:
10132:
10125:
10117:
10113:
10109:
10105:
10101:
10097:
10093:
10089:
10082:
10074:
10070:
10066:
10062:
10058:
10054:
10050:
10046:
10039:
10031:
10027:
10023:
10019:
10014:
10009:
10005:
10001:
9997:
9993:
9989:
9985:
9981:
9974:
9966:
9962:
9958:
9954:
9950:
9946:
9939:
9931:
9927:
9922:
9917:
9913:
9909:
9905:
9901:
9897:
9890:
9882:
9878:
9874:
9870:
9866:
9862:
9855:
9847:
9843:
9839:
9835:
9830:
9825:
9820:
9815:
9811:
9807:
9803:
9796:
9788:
9784:
9779:
9774:
9769:
9764:
9760:
9756:
9752:
9745:
9737:
9733:
9728:
9723:
9718:
9713:
9709:
9705:
9701:
9694:
9687:
9683:
9679:
9674:
9669:
9665:
9661:
9657:
9650:
9642:
9638:
9633:
9628:
9623:
9618:
9614:
9610:
9606:
9599:
9591:
9587:
9583:
9579:
9571:
9563:
9559:
9555:
9551:
9547:
9540:
9533:
9528:
9524:
9519:
9514:
9510:
9506:
9502:
9498:
9494:
9487:
9479:
9475:
9471:
9467:
9462:
9457:
9452:
9447:
9443:
9439:
9435:
9428:
9420:
9416:
9412:
9408:
9404:
9400:
9396:
9392:
9385:
9377:
9373:
9369:
9365:
9361:
9357:
9353:
9349:
9342:
9334:
9330:
9326:
9322:
9317:
9312:
9308:
9304:
9300:
9296:
9292:
9285:
9277:
9273:
9268:
9263:
9259:
9255:
9251:
9247:
9243:
9236:
9228:
9224:
9219:
9214:
9209:
9204:
9200:
9196:
9192:
9185:
9177:
9173:
9169:
9165:
9160:
9155:
9151:
9147:
9143:
9136:
9134:
9125:
9121:
9116:
9111:
9107:
9103:
9099:
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9061:
9057:
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9047:
9042:
9037:
9033:
9029:
9025:
9018:
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9006:
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8986:
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8974:
8967:
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8910:
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8877:
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8859:
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8807:
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8109:
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8095:
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8021:
8017:
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8009:
8005:
8001:
7997:
7990:
7974:
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7964:
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7896:
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7869:
7864:
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7845:
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7823:
7818:
7813:
7809:
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7801:
7794:
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7768:
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7756:
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7711:
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7656:
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7645:
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7633:
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7627:9781466567573
7623:
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7608:
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7509:
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7468:
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7443:
7436:
7428:
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7414:
7409:
7404:
7400:
7396:
7392:
7385:
7377:
7373:
7368:
7363:
7358:
7353:
7350:(15): E3815.
7349:
7345:
7341:
7334:
7326:
7322:
7318:
7314:
7310:
7306:
7302:
7298:
7291:
7284:
7280:
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7247:
7239:
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7101:
7097:
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7052:
7048:
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7026:
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7018:
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7003:
6999:
6994:
6989:
6985:
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6977:
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6962:
6954:
6950:
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6924:
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6905:
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6896:
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6887:
6883:
6879:
6872:
6870:
6861:
6857:
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6847:
6843:
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6808:
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6757:
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6727:
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6697:
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6689:
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6675:
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6660:
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6639:
6634:
6629:
6625:
6621:
6617:
6613:
6609:
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6600:
6598:
6589:
6585:
6580:
6575:
6571:
6567:
6563:
6559:
6555:
6548:
6546:
6537:
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6528:
6523:
6519:
6515:
6511:
6507:
6503:
6496:
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6476:
6471:
6467:
6463:
6459:
6455:
6451:
6444:
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6432:
6428:
6424:
6420:
6416:
6415:
6407:
6399:
6395:
6390:
6385:
6381:
6377:
6373:
6369:
6365:
6361:
6357:
6350:
6342:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6324:
6320:
6316:
6312:
6308:
6301:
6293:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6275:
6271:
6267:
6263:
6259:
6252:
6244:
6240:
6236:
6232:
6228:
6224:
6217:
6209:
6205:
6201:
6197:
6193:
6189:
6185:
6181:
6174:
6166:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6148:
6144:
6140:
6136:
6132:
6125:
6123:
6114:
6110:
6106:
6102:
6099:(4): 278–80.
6098:
6094:
6087:
6079:
6075:
6068:
6061:
6055:
6047:
6043:
6038:
6033:
6029:
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6006:
5998:
5994:
5989:
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5898:
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5880:
5875:
5871:
5867:
5863:
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5832:
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5826:
5819:
5812:
5806:
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5794:
5790:
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5776:
5775:New York City
5772:
5768:
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5708:
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5616:. Imminst.org
5615:
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5461:New Scientist
5457:
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4992:
4988:
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4946:New York City
4943:
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4775:New York City
4772:
4771:
4766:
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4738:
4722:
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4713:
4704:
4700:
4695:
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4604:
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4422:
4418:
4414:
4407:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4379:
4375:
4371:
4364:
4356:
4352:
4348:
4344:
4339:
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4330:
4326:
4319:
4311:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4293:
4289:
4285:
4281:
4277:
4273:
4269:
4262:
4254:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4236:
4232:
4228:
4224:
4220:
4213:
4205:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4187:
4183:
4179:
4175:
4171:
4164:
4156:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4126:
4122:
4115:
4113:
4104:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4086:
4082:
4078:
4074:
4070:
4063:
4055:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4037:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4021:
4017:
4010:
4002:
3998:
3992:
3984:
3983:UCLA Newsroom
3980:
3973:
3965:
3961:
3954:
3946:
3942:
3935:
3919:
3915:
3908:
3900:
3894:
3886:
3882:
3875:
3864:
3860:
3853:
3846:
3831:
3830:
3825:
3818:
3811:
3806:
3802:
3795:
3788:
3784:
3780:
3774:
3766:
3762:
3755:
3747:
3741:
3734:
3733:
3725:
3717:
3711:
3708:. Doubleday.
3706:
3705:
3696:
3688:
3684:
3678:
3670:
3666:
3659:
3651:
3647:
3640:
3632:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3610:
3604:
3596:
3590:
3586:
3585:
3577:
3569:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3551:
3547:
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3539:
3535:
3528:
3520:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3475:
3464:
3460:
3456:
3449:
3447:
3438:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3395:
3387:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3359:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3336:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3293:
3285:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3250:
3242:
3235:
3227:
3226:"Mouse Facts"
3221:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3193:
3186:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3162:
3154:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3113:
3105:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3064:
3062:
3053:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3010:
3008:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2964:
2962:
2946:
2945:
2940:
2933:
2931:
2929:
2920:
2912:
2908:
2907:
2901:
2894:
2886:
2879:
2875:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2808:
2804:
2794:
2791:
2788:
2783:
2773:
2771:
2767:
2758:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2745:
2738:
2732:
2722:
2714:
2710:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2694:
2692:
2687:
2686:Health policy
2683:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2668:
2666:
2662:
2661:air pollution
2658:
2654:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2598:
2594:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2571:
2561:
2559:
2553:
2547:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2532:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2512:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2496:
2494:
2493:brain imaging
2490:
2486:
2480:
2467:
2463:
2460:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2383:
2382:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2355:
2354:reprogramming
2351:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2333:
2320:
2316:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2267:
2265:
2260:
2250:
2248:
2242:
2236:
2226:
2224:
2220:
2215:
2212:(e.g. during
2211:
2207:
2203:
2196:Complications
2193:
2189:
2183:
2178:
2174:
2168:
2164:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2138:
2137:-activators.
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2085:computational
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2026:
2021:
2013:
2006:
2002:
2001:Geroprotector
1991:
1987:
1977:
1975:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1953:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1930:Opinion polls
1927:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1885:Transhumanist
1882:
1877:
1875:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1843:Bryan Johnson
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1795:Larry Ellison
1792:
1788:
1778:
1769:
1760:
1758:
1754:
1753:Jay Olshansky
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1724:
1722:
1717:
1715:
1711:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1681:
1679:
1678:Peter Medawar
1675:
1671:
1670:
1662:Fooling genes
1659:
1657:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1619:
1615:
1613:
1606:
1596:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1573:
1563:
1561:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1542:mitochondrial
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1520:
1516:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1491:resuscitation
1488:
1482:
1472:
1470:
1464:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1411:transhumanist
1408:
1404:
1400:
1399:
1394:
1390:
1387:, postulated
1386:
1382:
1378:
1368:
1366:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1339:, as well as
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1325:pterostilbene
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1291:animal models
1282:
1280:
1276:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1219:Hal V. Barron
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1187:
1185:
1181:
1178:In 1991, the
1175:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1154:Zoltan Istvan
1151:
1150:transhumanist
1147:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1104:Alexis Carrel
1101:
1100:Royal Society
1097:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1086:Francis Bacon
1083:
1079:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1063:fin-de-siècle
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1047:Francis Bacon
1044:
1040:
1039:Luigi Cornaro
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1010:
1000:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
915:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
892:
888:
883:
881:
880:free radicals
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
843:
833:
831:
825:
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815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
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740:
738:
737:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
719:
715:
713:
710:
708:
707:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
670:
669:
666:
664:
663:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
640:
639:
635:
633:
631:
627:
626:
625:
624:
620:
619:
613:
612:
604:
600:
598:
596:
591:
589:
588:"Playing God"
586:
579:
578:
574:
569:
568:
564:
563:
562:
559:
557:
554:
550:
547:
546:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
529:
525:
522:
521:Designer baby
518:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
496:
495:
491:
490:
489:
486:
484:
481:
478:
476:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
460:
454:
453:
446:
443:
439:
436:
430:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
415:
414:
413:Brain implant
411:
410:
409:
408:
407:
398:
395:
394:
393:
390:
386:
383:
381:
378:
377:
376:
373:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
355:
354:
351:
350:
349:
348:
347:
338:
335:
333:
330:
329:
328:
325:
321:
318:
316:
313:
312:
311:
308:
306:
303:
302:
296:
295:
288:
285:
284:
279:
278:Sperm sorting
276:
274:
273:Sex selection
271:
269:
267:
263:
261:
258:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
239:
238:
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231:
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190:
189:
183:
176:
175:
166:
163:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
137:
136:
133:
132:
127:
124:
122:
119:
116:
112:
110:
107:
104:
100:
98:
95:
93:
90:
88:
85:
83:
80:
78:
75:
73:
72:"Beneficient"
70:
68:
67:
63:
62:
61:
58:
57:
51:
50:
46:
42:
41:
38:
35:
34:
30:
29:
26:
22:
13212:
13205:
13198:
13191:
13184:
13177:
13170:
13163:
13156:
13149:
13108:
12968:GiveDirectly
12890:80,000 Hours
12864:Peter Singer
12859:Derek Parfit
12849:Yew-Kwang Ng
12824:Nick Bostrom
12669:
12556:Robot ethics
12408:Nanomedicine
12395:
12379:Gene therapy
12146:Regeneration
11998:South Africa
11804:rejuvenation
11794:nanomedicine
11789:gene therapy
11765:
11735:
11566:
11559:
11552:
11545:
11538:
11531:
11524:
11505:
11499:Ending Aging
11497:
11489:
11481:
11473:
11317:Durk Pearson
11302:Ray Kurzweil
11272:Laura Deming
11257:Bill Andrews
11196:Rejuvenation
11186:Nanomedicine
11146:Gene therapy
11091:
11038:The Atlantic
11037:
11025:The Atlantic
11024:
11011:
10970:
10958:. Retrieved
10952:
10942:
10933:
10926:. Retrieved
10917:
10911:Sandberg A,
10906:
10871:
10867:
10857:
10822:
10818:
10812:
10804:
10787:
10783:
10773:
10738:
10735:Nature Aging
10734:
10724:
10714:21 September
10712:. Retrieved
10708:
10698:
10686:. Retrieved
10682:
10657:. Retrieved
10653:
10626:. Retrieved
10622:
10612:
10600:. Retrieved
10597:The Guardian
10596:
10586:
10573:
10542:. Retrieved
10538:
10513:. Retrieved
10509:
10459:
10455:
10445:
10408:
10404:
10394:
10361:
10357:
10351:
10316:
10312:
10302:
10286:
10273:
10230:
10226:
10216:
10181:
10177:
10167:
10134:
10130:
10124:
10091:
10087:
10081:
10051:(2): 66–77.
10048:
10044:
10038:
9987:
9983:
9973:
9948:
9944:
9938:
9903:
9899:
9889:
9864:
9860:
9854:
9809:
9805:
9795:
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9744:
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9703:
9693:
9685:
9663:
9659:
9649:
9612:
9608:
9598:
9581:
9577:
9570:
9556:(2): 69–75.
9553:
9549:
9539:
9530:
9500:
9496:
9486:
9461:10807/130553
9441:
9437:
9427:
9394:
9390:
9384:
9351:
9347:
9341:
9298:
9294:
9284:
9249:
9245:
9235:
9198:
9194:
9184:
9149:
9145:
9089:
9085:
9031:
9027:
9017:
8980:
8976:
8966:
8923:
8919:
8861:
8857:
8847:
8820:
8816:
8806:
8781:
8778:Nanomedicine
8777:
8771:
8736:
8732:
8722:
8685:
8681:
8631:
8627:
8617:
8584:
8580:
8574:
8539:
8535:
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8488:
8482:
8447:
8443:
8433:
8398:
8394:
8384:
8375:
8366:
8331:
8327:
8317:
8293:(1): 17–41.
8290:
8286:
8276:
8242:(15): 8024.
8239:
8235:
8225:
8191:(11): 2661.
8188:
8184:
8174:
8139:
8135:
8081:
8077:
8067:
8042:
8038:
8032:
7999:
7995:
7989:
7977:. Retrieved
7913:
7909:
7903:
7858:
7854:
7844:
7807:
7803:
7793:
7758:
7754:
7744:
7709:
7705:
7695:
7658:
7654:
7644:
7617:
7607:
7570:
7567:Antioxidants
7566:
7556:
7539:
7535:
7525:
7501:(1): 81–87.
7498:
7494:
7484:
7449:
7445:
7435:
7401:(22): 8764.
7398:
7394:
7384:
7347:
7343:
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7300:
7296:
7290:
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7219:10138/136201
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7187:
7162:
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7151:
7118:
7114:
7108:
7073:
7069:
7059:
7024:
7021:Diabetologia
7020:
7010:
6975:
6971:
6961:
6926:
6922:
6912:
6885:
6881:
6833:
6829:
6819:
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6772:
6721:
6717:
6673:
6669:
6615:
6611:
6561:
6557:
6512:(2): 75–95.
6509:
6505:
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6453:
6443:
6418:
6412:
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6363:
6359:
6349:
6314:
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6059:
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6019:
6015:
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5970:
5966:
5956:
5947:
5926:
5917:
5909:Fight Aging!
5908:
5861:
5857:
5847:
5835:. Retrieved
5830:The Guardian
5828:
5818:
5810:
5805:
5770:
5761:
5749:. Retrieved
5745:the original
5734:
5722:. Retrieved
5717:
5707:
5698:
5689:
5680:
5670:
5661:
5652:
5640:. Retrieved
5630:
5618:. Retrieved
5608:
5597:the original
5576:
5572:
5559:
5547:. Retrieved
5543:the original
5536:
5526:
5491:
5487:
5477:
5465:. Retrieved
5459:
5449:
5437:. Retrieved
5432:
5422:
5394:
5384:
5356:
5346:
5303:
5299:
5289:
5277:. Retrieved
5273:
5263:
5251:. Retrieved
5247:
5237:
5184:
5180:
5132:
5128:
5118:
5104:
5079:
5076:Gene Therapy
5075:
5069:
5036:
5032:
5026:
5017:
5007:
4995:. Retrieved
4991:the original
4986:
4976:
4940:
4930:
4921:
4915:
4903:. Retrieved
4899:The Guardian
4897:
4887:
4874:
4867:. Retrieved
4863:The Observer
4861:
4851:
4842:
4832:
4820:. Retrieved
4816:the original
4805:
4779:Viking Press
4769:
4759:
4747:. Retrieved
4737:
4725:. Retrieved
4674:
4670:
4660:
4625:
4621:
4611:
4576:
4572:
4562:
4529:
4525:
4479:
4475:
4465:
4423:(6): e2264.
4420:
4416:
4406:
4376:(2): 96–99.
4373:
4369:
4363:
4328:
4324:
4318:
4275:
4271:
4261:
4229:(1): 47–51.
4226:
4222:
4212:
4177:
4173:
4163:
4128:
4124:
4076:
4072:
4062:
4027:
4023:
4009:
4000:
3991:
3982:
3972:
3963:
3953:
3944:
3934:
3922:. Retrieved
3918:the original
3907:
3893:
3884:
3874:
3863:the original
3858:
3845:
3833:. Retrieved
3827:
3817:
3808:
3804:
3794:
3786:
3782:
3773:
3764:
3754:
3731:
3724:
3703:
3695:
3686:
3677:
3668:
3658:
3649:
3639:
3616:
3613:Bainbridge W
3603:
3583:
3576:
3541:
3537:
3527:
3484:
3480:
3474:
3463:the original
3458:
3454:
3445:
3437:
3404:
3400:
3394:
3349:
3345:
3335:
3305:(1): 14–32.
3302:
3298:
3292:
3259:
3255:
3249:
3234:
3220:
3195:
3191:
3185:
3161:
3126:
3122:
3112:
3077:
3074:EMBO Reports
3073:
3023:
3019:
2973:
2969:
2948:. Retrieved
2942:
2904:
2893:
2884:
2878:
2792:
2789:
2785:
2764:
2755:
2748:
2740:
2720:
2711:
2695:
2684:
2676:medical test
2669:
2650:
2595:
2573:
2544:
2533:
2518:
2509:
2497:
2487:such as the
2482:
2461:
2451:
2433:
2403:
2387:
2381:Nanomedicine
2379:
2373:
2363:
2349:
2336:
2331:
2279:
2270:Optimal diet
2256:
2253:Healthy diet
2244:
2219:mitochondria
2199:
2170:
2163:Inflammaging
2139:
2116:
2093:
2053:senomorphics
2050:
2029:
2023:
2017:
1970:
1949:
1941:
1936:Pew Research
1933:
1918:
1904:
1891:Nick Bostrom
1883:
1879:
1874:narcissistic
1871:
1856:
1853:Commentators
1845:(Founder of
1837:(founder of
1797:(founder of
1789:(founder of
1784:
1775:
1766:
1735:
1718:
1707:
1687:
1667:
1665:
1635:genomic loci
1624:
1608:
1585:nucleic acid
1579:
1557:
1522:
1484:
1466:
1448:
1437:nanomachines
1432:
1429:Albert Hibbs
1421:nanorobotics
1414:
1396:
1377:nanomedicine
1374:
1361:
1357:coenzyme Q10
1311:
1288:
1271:
1263:rejuvenation
1252:
1236:
1231:Craig Venter
1188:
1177:
1152:philosopher
1143:
1132:
1117:
1114:Contemporary
1096:Robert Boyle
1091:New Atlantis
1089:
1078:James Hughes
1076:Sociologist
1075:
1057:and Nicolas
1012:
959:
943:vaccinations
916:
908:proteostasis
884:
868:proteostasis
845:
826:
822:bioethicists
810:gene therapy
794:rejuvenation
786:immortalists
769:
768:
724:Technophobia
716:
704:
683:Rejuvenation
677:
661:
651:Deep ecology
637:
629:
622:
594:
575:
565:
539:Hwang affair
492:
474:
445:Neurohacking
406:Neurological
404:
403:
344:
343:
305:Body hacking
265:
192:
181:
140:Biohappiness
134:
121:Preventative
82:Compensatory
77:Emancipatory
65:
59:
25:
13052:Focus areas
12943:Faunalytics
12807:Key figures
12768:Longtermism
12620:Moore's law
12551:Neuroethics
12546:Cyberethics
12479:Virotherapy
12413:Nanosensors
12133:Immortality
11692:Centenarian
11675:Gerontology
11332:Roy Walford
11312:Liz Parrish
11151:Gerontology
10874:(1): 1–11.
10790:(1): 9–12.
10654:Vanity Fair
10178:GeroScience
9990:(1): 2862.
9906:(1): 7–27.
9444:: 214–277.
9201:(9): 1348.
8376:www.cdc.gov
7878:2434/612956
7810:(6): 2028.
7573:(10): 933.
6460:(10): 925.
6074:Generations
5593:10576/52103
5187:(1): 3570.
5033:Gerontology
4997:15 February
4905:21 February
4749:7 September
4727:7 September
4694:2445/181270
3669:SunSentinel
3448:(Hydrozoa)"
2844:Immortality
2829:Centenarian
2819:Aging brain
2737:blood libel
2659:(LLE) from
2619:Metascience
2319:whole-grain
2297:meat intake
2293:plant-based
2177:antioxidant
2114:enhancers.
1990:Brain aging
1888:philosopher
1803:Peter Thiel
1742:fibroblasts
1599:CRISPR/Cas9
1583:, in which
1558:While some
1349:lipoic acid
1321:resveratrol
1317:polyphenols
1315:activating
1197:formed the
1195:David Gobel
1128:Bill Faloon
1084:. He cites
900:antioxidant
358:Amphetamine
199:Counseling
115:Prometheist
97:Libertarian
92:"Directive"
66:Adaptionist
13262:Population
13246:Categories
13143:Literature
12819:Liv Boeree
12511:Automation
12307:Biomedical
12116:by country
12013:Tajikistan
11978:Kazakhstan
11836:by country
11653:Senescence
11578:Categories
11540:Aging Cell
11373:Altos Labs
11327:Sandy Shaw
11201:Senescence
11116:Biohacking
11089:Outline of
10688:5 November
10659:5 November
10628:5 November
10602:5 November
10544:5 November
10515:5 November
10462:(1): 566.
10411:(1): 160.
9945:Physiology
9812:: 759170.
9761:: 717343.
9710:: 803421.
9615:: 717164.
9354:: 101142.
9301:: 100940.
9252:: 100940.
8983:: 604274.
7121:: 101240.
7076:(8): 607.
6929:: 101621.
6747:1887/75460
6080:(4): 33–7.
5779:Free Press
5467:26 January
5082:(1): 3–9.
4869:1 December
4765:Kurzweil R
4482:: 575482.
4014:Rando TA,
3964:gizmag.com
3171:019856869X
2921:required.)
2900:"agerasia"
2871:References
2859:Slow aging
2854:Senescence
2770:probiotics
2744:parabiosis
2703:checklists
2623:Telehealth
2605:See also:
2587:well-being
2575:Loneliness
2568:See also:
2521:anti-aging
2485:biomarkers
2477:See also:
2454:: such as
2424:body fluid
2368:epigenetic
2352:: in vivo
2274:See also:
2239:See also:
2161:See also:
2108:spermidine
2061:Everolimus
2025:senescence
1999:See also:
1984:See also:
1961:David Gems
1919:decreasing
1823:Sam Altman
1811:Larry Page
1787:Jeff Bezos
1710:stem cells
1639:healthspan
1553:hydrolases
1526:stem cells
1499:skepticism
1353:senolytics
1341:oleic acid
1331:, such as
1329:flavonoids
1319:, such as
1269:activity.
1267:telomerase
1209:announced
1172:See also:
1162:Steve Aoki
1035:hygienists
1031:alchemists
902:defenses,
896:DNA repair
842:Senescence
798:stem cells
790:longevists
561:C.S. Lewis
483:Chesterton
457:Opposition
375:Nootropics
353:Stimulants
165:Prostheses
87:Democratic
12869:Cari Tuna
12541:Bioethics
12474:Tricorder
12230:Blue zone
11988:Palestine
11906:Australia
11901:Argentina
11627:Longevity
11322:Mark Roth
11287:Saul Kent
11156:Glycation
10995:Bostrum N
10913:Boström N
10757:2662-8465
10709:New Atlas
10364:(6): 28.
10030:234770669
9376:221136388
9333:199544098
8958:247524287
8898:207894219
8634:(1): 97.
8517:208645665
8309:1941-1340
8185:Nutrients
8024:209510802
8002:: 65–69.
7996:Maturitas
7938:204815279
7804:Nutrients
7325:235334397
7143:229351578
6953:248089515
6811:218912510
6676:: 49–66.
6317:: 19–25.
6113:123698910
5642:7 October
5620:7 October
5392:(2006) .
5390:Dawkins R
5354:(2006) .
5352:Dawkins R
5279:17 August
5253:18 August
4968:132583222
4936:de Grey A
4554:220047655
4370:BioEssays
4333:CiteSeerX
3924:12 August
3544:: 66–82.
3489:CiteSeerX
3028:CiteSeerX
2680:biomarker
2672:screening
2412:exerkines
2370:machinery
2182:Vitamin D
2100:metformin
2091:methods.
2065:Rapamycin
2020:senolytic
2012:Senolytic
1915:menopause
1858:Leon Kass
1702:rejection
1694:stem cell
1593:expressed
1550:lysosomal
1393:computers
1333:quercetin
1307:metformin
1303:rapamycin
1189:In 2003,
1135:Doubleday
1133:In 2003,
1124:Saul Kent
1059:Condorcet
997:jellyfish
969:nematodes
927:accidents
912:autophagy
876:Oxidation
806:molecular
668:Longevity
508:Leon Kass
438:Neuralink
385:Piracetam
380:Modafinil
266:Selective
193:Selective
60:Rationale
12973:GiveWell
12854:Toby Ord
12721:Concepts
12332:Ampakine
12111:verified
12033:shortest
11853:Americas
11825:Lists of
11775:Methods
11518:Journals
11136:Exercise
11126:Cryonics
11012:BBC News
10915:(2008).
10898:33520563
10849:28435840
10796:26741377
10765:37117767
10578:Archived
10486:35681084
10437:28728596
10386:21658334
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10257:25639909
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6046:18046373
5997:25132068
5888:15863685
5833:. London
5797:11677465
5769:(1985).
5724:31 March
5518:19366754
5400:New York
5362:New York
5338:32675375
5274:Phys.org
5248:Phys.org
5219:32678081
5159:23193293
5096:19005494
5061:10069927
5053:11340324
4822:22 March
4797:57201348
4767:(2005).
4703:33325173
4652:19664690
4603:33891896
4546:32578904
4508:23691264
4457:18523577
4417:PLOS ONE
4398:16882387
4390:20091754
4355:16189280
4310:19587680
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4204:26646499
4155:19465083
4103:23098078
4054:22265401
4016:Chang HY
4001:ABC News
3807:. VICE.
3609:Hughes J
3568:24910306
3429:28379017
3421:11972158
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3276:22468953
3153:23746838
3104:16264422
3052:12145354
2990:18726707
2797:See also
2670:Regular
2452:Peptides
2416:myokines
2264:national
2223:hormetic
2104:acarbose
2057:Apigenin
1923:Max More
1839:Coinbase
1825:(CEO of
1805:(former
1625:In July
1612:nematode
1534:telomere
1503:quackery
1481:Cryonics
1475:Cryonics
1407:futurist
1249:Research
1037:such as
1027:Ayurveda
951:exercise
933:such as
891:wildtype
808:repair,
774:lifespan
695:Natalism
477:Argument
397:Caffeine
346:Chemical
268:abortion
208:Genomic
203:Genetic
182:De facto
150:Eugenics
135:Paradigm
54:Advocacy
12223:Related
12094:Records
12076:Oceania
12038:longest
11948:Germany
11943:Finland
11911:Belgium
11880:Oceania
11643:Old age
11388:BioViva
10928:7 March
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10840:5376353
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9992:Bibcode
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7755:Science
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6726:Bibcode
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6360:Science
6332:4412760
6283:4748967
6156:3001315
6024:Bibcode
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5879:1734155
5837:17 July
5751:17 July
5662:YouTube
5549:17 July
5509:2726839
5435:. Slate
5329:7437498
5308:Bibcode
5300:Science
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5189:Bibcode
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4643:2756298
4594:8173711
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4280:Bibcode
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3835:17 July
3615:(ed.).
3559:4133289
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3511:9615920
3354:Bibcode
3212:1383772
3144:3836174
3095:1371037
2950:17 July
2707:recipes
2701:, food
2308:of wine
2221:have a
2127:glycine
2123:SRT2104
1965:Basenji
1833:), and
1746:entropy
1614:worms.
1457:Cyborgs
1433:medical
1337:fisetin
1313:Sirtuin
1239:Harvard
1023:Taoists
1003:History
989:sponges
955:smoking
945:, good
860:tissues
788:", or "
616:Related
368:Ritalin
195:Cloning
145:Cyborgs
13257:Ageing
13224:Events
12536:Ethics
12504:Topics
12299:Fields
12204:Klotho
12121:living
12066:Europe
12056:Africa
12018:Turkey
12008:Sweden
11993:Russia
11983:Mexico
11963:Israel
11953:Greece
11938:France
11931:Cities
11921:Canada
11916:Brazil
11875:Europe
11848:Africa
11635:Ageing
11510:(2019)
11502:(2007)
11494:(2004)
11486:(1998)
11478:(1982)
11393:Calico
11250:People
11234:Events
11131:Cyborg
11099:Issues
10960:19 May
10935:brain.
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1799:Oracle
1791:Amazon
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1327:, and
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1207:Google
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993:corals
935:cancer
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864:organs
862:, and
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571:(1943)
498:(2002)
433:(1960)
12209:SIRT1
12179:FOXO3
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11973:Japan
11968:Italy
11958:India
11926:China
11843:World
11749:index
11533:Aging
11467:Books
11398:ERIBA
10922:(PDF)
10382:S2CID
10261:S2CID
10155:S2CID
10112:S2CID
10069:S2CID
10026:S2CID
9900:Aging
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9415:S2CID
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8587:(2).
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8020:S2CID
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6760:S2CID
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5600:(PDF)
5569:(PDF)
5433:Slate
5057:S2CID
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3425:S2CID
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3323:S2CID
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2994:S2CID
2915:
2556:like
2552:above
2550:(see
2540:IGF-1
2188:above
2186:(see
2135:FOXO3
1439:(see
1108:cells
981:hydra
965:genes
856:cells
848:aging
830:aging
814:organ
632:wombs
12671:List
12347:Womb
12189:CETP
12184:APOE
12061:Asia
11870:Asia
11814:SENS
11428:LEAF
11363:AgeX
10962:2020
10930:2013
10894:PMID
10845:PMID
10792:PMID
10761:PMID
10753:ISSN
10716:2021
10690:2017
10661:2017
10630:2017
10623:CNBC
10604:2017
10546:2017
10517:2017
10482:PMID
10433:PMID
10374:PMID
10339:PMID
10295:here
10253:PMID
10204:PMID
10147:PMID
10104:PMID
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10018:PMID
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9877:PMID
9834:PMID
9810:2011
9783:PMID
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9558:PMID
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9466:PMID
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9120:PMID
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5884:PMID
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5783:ISBN
5753:2009
5726:2024
5718:TIME
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5551:2009
5514:PMID
5469:2011
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5408:ISBN
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5215:PMID
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4999:2013
4964:OCLC
4954:ISBN
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4871:2013
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4751:2024
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2805:and
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2678:and
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2110:and
2069:SASP
2063:and
2028:and
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1957:AARP
1692:and
1627:2020
1589:drug
1574:and
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