470:
1266:"The leaves are of unusual shape and develop in a most peculiar and characteristic manner. The leaf-buds are composed of scales as is usual, and these scales grow with the growing shoot. In this respect the buds do not differ from those of many other trees, but what is peculiar is that each pair of scales develops so as to form an oval envelope which contains the young leaf and protects it against changing temperatures until it is strong enough to sustain them without injury. When it has reached that stage the bracts separate, the tiny leaf comes out carefully folded along the line of the midrib, opens as it matures, and until it becomes full grown the bracts do duty as stipules, becoming an inch or more in length before they fall. The leaf is unique in shape, its apex is cut off at the end in a way peculiarly its own, the petioles are long, angled, and so poised that the leaves flutter independently, and their glossy surfaces so catch and toss the light that the effect of the foliage as a whole is much brighter than it otherwise would be. The flowers are large, brilliant, and on detached trees numerous. Their color is greenish yellow with dashes of red and orange, and their resemblance to a tulip very marked. They do not droop from the spray but sit erect. The fruit is a cone 5 to 8 cm (2 to 3 in) long, made of a great number of thin narrow scales attached to a common axis. These scales are each a carpel surrounded by a thin membranous ring. Each cone contains sixty or seventy of these scales, of which only a few are productive. These fruit cones remain on the tree in varied states of dilapidation throughout the winter."
686:
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48:
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469:
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251:
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122:
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70:
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Ontario and northern Ohio south to the Gulf of Mexico and from extreme southern New York and
Connecticut south to Louisiana and northern Florida. It extends south to north Florida, and is rare west of the Mississippi River, but is found occasionally for ornamentals. Its finest development is in the Southern Appalachian mountains, where trees may exceed 50 m (170 ft) in height. It was introduced into Great Britain before 1688 in
2331:
858:
have the best ability to tolerate very wet conditions, where it may grow short pencil-like root structures (pneumatophores) similar to those produced by other swamp trees in warm climates. Superior resistance to drought, pests and wind is also noted. Some individuals retain their leaves all year unless a hard frost strikes. Places where it may be seen include
1023:
branches are weak and easily break off, a sign of axial dominance) and lower branches are lost early as new, higher branches closer to the sun continue the growth spurt upward. A tree just 15 years old may already reach 12 m (40 ft) in height with no branches within reach of humans standing on the ground.
493:
The alternate leaves are simple, pinnately veined, measuring 125–150 mm (5–6 in) long and wide. They have four lobes, and are heart-shaped or truncate or slightly wedge-shaped at base, entire, and the apex cut across at a shallow angle, making the upper part of the leaf look square; midrib
457:
The tulip tree is one of the largest of the native trees of eastern North
America, known in an extraordinary case to reach the height of 58.5 m (192 ft) with the next-tallest known specimens in the 52–54 m (170–177 ft) range. These heights are comparable to the very tallest known
465:
The trunk on large examples is typically 1.2–1.8 m (4–6 ft) in diameter, though it can grow much broader. Its ordinary height is 24–46 m (80–150 ft) and it tends to have a pyramidal crown. It prefers deep, rich, and rather moist soil; it is common throughout the
Southern United
1014:
family, they have fleshy roots that are easily broken if handled roughly. Transplanting should be done in early spring, before leaf-out; this timing is especially important in the more northern areas. Fall planting is often successful in
Florida. The east central Florida ecotype may be more easily
919:
produces a large amount of seed, which is dispersed by wind. The seeds typically travel a distance equal to 4–5 times the height of the tree, and remain viable for 4–7 years. The seeds are not one of the most important food sources for wildlife, but they are eaten by a number of birds and mammals.
1022:
It is recommended as a shade tree. The tree's tall and rapid growth is a function of its shade intolerance. Grown in the full sun, the species tends to grow shorter, slower, and rounder, making it adaptable to landscape planting. In forest settings, most investment is made in the trunk (i.e., the
857:
have an ecotype with similar-looking leaves to the coastal plain variant of the
Carolinas; it flowers much earlier (usually in March, although flowering can begin in late January), with a smaller yellower bloom than other types. This east central Florida ecotype/Peninsular allozyme group seems to
831:
Today the tulip tree is one of the largest and most valuable hardwoods of eastern North
America, thriving in temperate deciduous forests east of the Mississippi River. It prefers rolling hills or mountains with moist, well-drained soil and is rarely found on coastal plains. It is native southern
485:
is brown, furrowed, aromatic and bitter. The branchlets are smooth, and lustrous, initially reddish, maturing to dark gray, and finally brown. The wood is light yellow to brown, and the sapwood creamy white; light, soft, brittle, close, straight-grained. Specific gravity: 0.4230; density:
1151:
Though not a poplar at all, the soft, fine-grained wood of tulip trees is known by that name (short for yellow poplar) in the U.S., but marketed abroad as "American tulipwood" or by other names. It is very widely used where a cheap, easy-to-work and stable wood is needed. The
1156:
is usually a creamy off-white color. While the heartwood is usually a pale green, it can take on streaks of red, purple, or even black; depending on the extractives content (i.e. the soil conditions where the tree was grown, etc.). It is clearly the wood of choice for use in
1176:
Used for interior finish of houses, for siding, for panels of carriages, for coffin boxes, pattern timber, and wooden ware. During scarcity of the better qualities of white pine, tulip wood has taken its place to some extent, particularly when very wide boards are required.
498:
near the middle bringing the apex of the folded leaf to the base of the bud, light green, when full grown are bright green, smooth and shining above, paler green beneath, with downy veins. In autumn they turn a clear, bright yellow. Petiole long, slender, angled.
901:, fertile soils, it often forms pure or nearly pure stands. It can and does persist in older forests when there is sufficient disturbance to generate large enough gaps for regeneration. Individual trees have been known to live for up to around 500 years.
1203:
Another form of art that the tulip tree is a major part of is wood carving. The tulip poplar can be very useful and has been one of the favorite types of trees for wood carving by sculptors such as
Wilhelm Schimmel and Shields Landon Jones.
1136:
in the eastern United States, yielding a dark reddish, fairly strong honey unsuitable for table honey but claimed to be favorably regarded by some bakers One 20-year-old tree produces enough nectar for 4 pounds (1.8 kg) of honey.
803:
largely because of the fluttering habits of its leaves, in which it resembles trees of that genus. It is sometimes called "fiddle tree," because its peculiar leaves, with their arched bases and in-cut sides, suggest the violin shape.
999:. They show stronger response to fertilizer compounds (those with low salt index are preferred) than most other trees, but soil structure and organic matter content are more important. In the wild it is occasionally seen around
970:
is cultivated, and grows readily from seeds. These should be sown in fine soft soil in a cool and shady area. If sown in autumn they come up the succeeding spring, but if sown in spring they often remain a year in the ground.
840:
and is now a popular ornamental in streets, parks, and large gardens. The
Appalachian Mountains and adjacent Piedmont running south from Pennsylvania to Georgia contained 75 percent of all yellow-poplar growing stock in 1974.
927:, are known to be extremely damaging to young trees of this species. Vines are damaging both due to blocking out sunlight, and increasing weight on limbs which can lead to bending of the trunk and/or breaking of limbs.
489:
Winter buds are dark red, covered with a bloom, obtuse; scales becoming conspicuous stipules for the unfolding leaf, and persistent until the leaf is fully grown. Flower-bud enclosed in a two-valved, caducous bract.
959:, the eastern tiger swallowtail butterfly, which are known to lay their eggs exclusively among plants in the magnolia and rose families of plants, primarily in mid-late June through early August, in some states.
1796:
Parks, Clifford R.; Wendel, Jonathan F.; Sewell, Mitchell M.; Qiu, Yin-Long (1 January 1994). "The
Significance of Allozyme Variation and Introgression in the Liriodendron tulipifera Complex (Magnoliaceae)".
893:. In Appalachian forests, it is a dominant species during the 50–150 years of succession, but is absent or rare in stands of trees 500 years or older. One particular group of trees survived in the grounds of
811:
named it the Tulip-tree. In their internal structure, however, they are quite different. Instead of the triple arrangements of stamens and pistil parts, they have indefinite numbers arranged in spirals.
762:
is Greek for "lily tree". It is also called the tuliptree
Magnolia, or sometimes, by the lumber industry, as the tulip-poplar or yellow-poplar. However, it is not closely related to true
545:
Stamens: Indefinite, imbricate in many ranks on the base of the receptacle; filaments thread-like, short; anthers extrorse, long, two-celled, adnate; cells opening longitudinally.
542:
Corolla: Cup-shaped, petals six, 50 mm (2 in) long, in two rows, imbricate, hypogynous, greenish yellow, marked toward the base with yellow. Somewhat fleshy in texture.
506:(except as noted below); trees at the northern limit of cultivation begin to flower in June. The flowers are pale green or yellow (rarely white), with an orange band on the
1645:
Fetter, K. C., & Weakley, A. (2019). Reduced Gene Flow from Mainland Populations of Liriodendron tulipifera into the Florida Peninsula Promotes Diversification.
1015:
moved than other strains because its roots grow over nine or ten months every year—several months longer than other ecotypes. Most tulip trees have low tolerance of
991:
Tulip trees make magnificently shaped specimen trees, and are very large, growing to about 35 m (110 ft) in good soil. They grow best in deep well-drained
426:
strength and short lifespan often seen in fast-growing species. In 2024 the unusual combination of fast-growing with strong wood was explained. No longer called a
548:
Pistils: Indefinite, imbricate on the long slender receptacle. Ovary one-celled; style acuminate, flattened; stigma short, one-sided, recurved; ovules two.
2312:
1977:
975:
noted that seeds from the highest branches of old trees are most likely to germinate. It is readily propagated from cuttings and easily transplanted.
661:
1419:
777:
The tulip tree has impressed itself upon popular attention in many ways, and consequently has many common names. The tree's traditional name in the
2347:
2601:
1669:"Tulip tree." McGraw-Hill Concise Encyclopedia of Science and Technology. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2006. Credo Reference. Web. 26 September 2012.
2689:
2279:"JONES, SHIELDS LANDON (1901–1997)." The Encyclopedia of American Folk Art. London: Routledge, 2003. Credo Reference. Web. 26 September 2012.
2887:
1019:, although Florida natives (especially the east central ecotype) fare better than southeastern coastal plain or northern inland specimens.
685:
536:–2 in) long, cup-shaped, erect, conspicuous. The bud is enclosed in a sheath of two triangular bracts which fall as the blossom opens.
2270:"SCHIMMEL, WILHELM (1817–1890)." The Encyclopedia of American Folk Art. London: Routledge, 2003. Credo Reference. Web. 26 September 2012.
824:
age the genus was represented by several species, and was widely distributed over North America and Europe. Its remains are also found in
2917:
2902:
1459:
Tallest Native Trees of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park as Determined by the Eastern Native Tree Society (updated through 2004)
2797:
1109:, Finland. A few nurseries in Finland offer this species even though it is not fully hardy there and tends to be held to shrub form.
673:
601:
2549:
2317:
1217:, a tulip tree that is the oldest living thing in the New York Metropolitan area (350–450 years old, 40 m or 130 ft tall)
649:
2922:
2614:
2562:
1862:
871:
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soils which are high in organic matter. All tulip trees are unreliable in clay flats which are subject to ponding and flooding.
697:
2712:
1955:
589:
2655:
1133:
2776:
411:
tree. The tallest individual at the present time (2021) is one called the Fork Ridge Tulip Tree at a secret location in the
2932:
2619:
1738:"Disturbance and the Population Dynamics of Liriodendron Tulipifera: Simulations with a Spatial Model of Forest Succession"
2174:
419:. Repeated measurements by laser and tape-drop have shown it to be 191 feet 10 inches (58.47 m) in height.
2897:
2513:
2363:
2231:. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer).
939:
does not host a great diversity of insects, with only 28 species of moths associated with the tree. Among specialists,
2008:
1885:"HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants - Search Liriodendron tulipifera | National History Museum"
1392:
2912:
2412:
2301:
1479:
625:
1836:
1067:'Little Volunteer' – almost as diminutive as 'Ardis' but with stronger form. Leaves more deeply lobed than 'Ardis.'
2353:
2694:
2588:
2335:
2213:
1680:
1169:. It is also commonly used for siding clapboards. Its wood may be compared in texture, strength, and softness to
724:
2815:
1708:. Vol. 2. Hardwoods. Russell M Burns & Barbara Honkala, tech. coords. US Forest Svc. pp. 406–416.
577:
2717:
2149:
1844:
2318:
Archaeanthus: Paleontologists Identify Ancient Ancestor of Tulip Tree by Enrico de Lazaro (September 13, 2013)
1984:
2676:
2541:
1858:
2466:
407:, often with no limbs until it reaches 25–30 m (80–100 ft) in height, making it a very valuable
2823:
2441:
1458:
1105:
has been introduced to many temperate parts of the world, at least as far north as Sykkylven, Norway and
1092:
121:
1883:
Robinson, Gaden S.; Ackery, Phillip R.; Kitching, Ian; Beccaloni, George W.; Hernández, Luis M. (2023).
613:
2810:
2567:
400:
1884:
1049:'Aureomarginatum' – variegated form with pale-edged leaves; sold as 'Flashlight' or 'Majestic Beauty'.
2927:
2907:
2766:
2704:
2650:
1161:, due to its ability to take a fine, smooth, precisely cut finish and so to effectively seal against
954:
2528:
2228:
1043:'Ardis' – dwarf, with smaller leaves than wild form. Leaves shallow-lobed, some without lower lobes.
2082:
1311:
904:
All young tulip trees and most mature specimens are intolerant of prolonged inundation; however, a
859:
434:
2668:
1437:
1061:'JFS-Oz' – compact oval form with straight leader, leaves dark and glossy; sold as 'Emerald City.'
1193:
867:
778:
2802:
2606:
2536:
2374:
833:
539:
Calyx: Sepals three, imbricate in bud, reflexed or spreading, somewhat veined, early deciduous.
503:
894:
2892:
1364:
1221:
1096:
944:
890:
792:
559:
412:
404:
372:
225:
2743:
2632:
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outcrops. The southeastern coastal plain and east central Florida ecotypes occur in wet but
915:-tolerant. This ecotype is recognized by its blunt-lobed leaves, which may have a red tint.
637:
2487:
1192:
The tulip tree has been referenced in many poems and the namesakes of other poems, such as
972:
47:
2125:
2057:
2032:
795:
called it Canoewood. The color of its wood gives it the name Whitewood. In areas near the
494:
and primary veins prominent. They come out of the bud recurved by the bending down of the
8:
2761:
86:
2423:
1525:
555:
which are dispersed by wind, leaving the axis persistent all winter. September, October.
2859:
2789:
2241:
Stafford, William. Stories That Could Be True. New York: Harper & Row, 1977. Print.
1814:
1757:
1628:
1593:
1558:
1342:
1170:
459:
263:
116:
987:
The tulip tree is a popular specimen tree in landscape, turning a rusty orange in Fall
949:, a giant silkmoth found in the eastern United States. Several generalist species use
250:
2753:
2738:
2474:
2297:
1775:
1709:
1475:
1288:
1106:
796:
703:
519:
1496:
2864:
2479:
2307:
2107:
1892:
1854:
1806:
1749:
1654:
1620:
1585:
1550:
1420:"How we discovered a new type of wood — and how it could help fight climate change"
1306:
1132:
Nectar is produced in the orange part of the flowers. The species is a significant
1000:
854:
495:
377:
2446:
1225:, often known as the African tulip tree, an unrelated plant in a separate family (
1184:(and perhaps elsewhere) house and barn sills were often made of tulip wood beams.
2828:
2725:
2642:
2258:
1247:
886:
712:
403:. It can grow to more than 50 m (160 ft) in virgin cove forests of the
159:
2851:
2681:
2250:
983:
2784:
2433:
2199:
2178:
1196:'s "Tulip Tree." It is also a plot element in the Edgar Allan Poe short story "
863:
552:
416:
355:
146:
2881:
2627:
2518:
2397:
1297:
1158:
905:
898:
837:
741:
482:
385:
241:
106:
101:
24:
1776:"Eastern OLDLIST: A database of maximum tree ages for Eastern North America"
462:, another species often described as the tallest in eastern North America.
69:
2841:
1942:
The Moth Book: A Popular Guide to a Knowledge of the Moths of North America
1396:
1226:
1214:
1197:
1181:
1011:
788:
754:
518:
Flowers: May. Perfect, solitary, terminal, greenish yellow, borne on stout
366:
202:
192:
889:
species that is most commonly associated with the first century of forest
2730:
2663:
2575:
2406:
1085:
1055:'Florida Strain' – blunt-lobed leaves, fast grower, flowers at early age.
474:
182:
2456:
2313:
Michigan Bee Plants :: Magnoliaceae :: Liriodendron tulipifera
2214:"Plants 4 Bees :: Magnoliaceae :: F267Liriodendron_tulipifera"
2554:
1818:
1761:
1632:
1597:
1562:
1162:
1113:
821:
430:, the term "midwood" was created expressly for the wood of tulip tree.
422:
This species is also fast-growing, without the common problems of weak
172:
2580:
2500:
2359:
1958:. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)--U.S. Forest Service
1916:
1896:
1180:
It also has a reputation for being resistant to termites, and in the
1153:
1146:
1070:'Mediopictum' – variegated form with yellow spot near center of leaf.
446:
393:
2593:
2368:
1810:
1753:
1737:
1624:
1589:
1554:
2836:
2391:
2342:
1658:
1117:
1088:
825:
473:
Morphological changes of seedlings of tulip tree in the process of
442:
427:
381:
2505:
1713:
1052:'Fastigatum' – similar form to 'Arnold' but flowers at later age.
1016:
996:
897:, Dublin for 200 years, before having to be cut down in 1990. On
850:
800:
771:
438:
389:
359:
20:
2492:
1917:"Species Callosamia angulifera - Tulip-Tree Silkmoth | BugGuide"
2330:
1882:
1121:
767:
763:
511:
507:
408:
60:
1166:
924:
912:
908:
808:
551:
Fruit: Narrow light brown cone, formed from many overlapping
362:
133:
28:
2296:. International Dendrology Society & Magnolia Society. (
1976:
Rajakaruna, Nishanta; Harris, Tanner B.; Alexander, Earl B.
1280:
1112:
It is occasionally cultivated in tropical highlands, as in
1046:'Arnold' – narrow, columnar crown; may flower at early age.
992:
953:. It is a well-known host for the large, green eggs of the
423:
1978:"Serpentine Geoecology of Eastern North America: A Review"
1944:. New York: Doubleday, Page and Company. pp. 85–86.
911:
ecotype in the southeastern United States is relatively
1081:
1393:"Fork Ridge Tulip Tree - New Eastern Height Record!!!"
1975:
502:
April marks the start of the flowering period in the
2088:. Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 60
1843:. In Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H. (eds.).
1795:
1530:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 14–19.
782:
2308:
Repopulation of the Tulip Poplar in Central Florida
2009:"Liriodendron tulipifera - Trees and Shrubs Online"
1956:"Tigers on the Wind: The Eastern Tiger Swallowtail"
1372:. U.S. Department of Agriculture. pp. 406–416
1076:'Snow Bird' - variegated, with white-edged leaves.
935:In terms of its role in the ecological community,
1704:Donald E Beck (1990). "Liliodendron tulipifera".
791:of its trunk that the early settlers west of the
2879:
1411:
943:is the sole host plant for the caterpillars of
844:
2150:"Lännentulppaanipuu (Liriodendron tulipifera)"
1312:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T194015A2294401.en
1120:. In the latter nation it is a street tree at
376:). It is native to eastern North America from
1703:
1474:. New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 154.
1064:'Leucanthum' – flowers white or nearly white.
1058:'Integrifolium' – leaves without lower lobes.
607:Large gray-green flower bud with yellow bract
1286:
787:. Native Americans so habitually made their
562:provided a description of the tulip tree in
815:
807:The external resemblance of its flowers to
1830:
1828:
1246:Another tree with this common name is the
486:422 g/dm (26.36 lb/cu ft).
249:
95:
68:
46:
1527:Our Native Trees and How to Identify Them
1519:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1310:
564:Our Native Trees and How to Identify Them
1469:
1417:
1356:
982:
468:
380:and possibly southern Quebec to west to
1939:
1863:United States Department of Agriculture
1825:
1678:
1647:International Journal of Plant Sciences
1494:
1091:'Aureomarginatum' have both gained the
872:University of Central Florida Arboretum
2880:
2200:"Tulip Tree (Liriodendron tulipifera)"
2126:"Liriodendron tulipifera - tulip tree"
2108:"Tulipantre – Liriodendron tulipifera"
1872:– via Southern Research Station.
1735:
1523:
1506:
1418:Wightman, Raymond (9 September 2024).
1390:
1366:Silvics of North America: 2. Hardwoods
399:Tulip tree is the tallest tree of the
2373:
2372:
1736:Busing, Richard T. (1 January 1995).
1362:
2705:a5bddd2b-1859-4376-8e10-89867931931f
2226:
2175:"LÄNNENTULPPAANIPUU | Tahvoset"
1834:
655:Leaves of cultivar 'Aureomarginatum'
2888:IUCN Red List least concern species
1495:Justice, William S (Feb 15, 2002).
1298:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
595:Golden autumn leaves and seed cones
13:
2918:Trees of humid continental climate
2903:Flora of the Appalachian Mountains
2816:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30197364-2
2364:University of California, Berkeley
2286:
2257:, 1843 (with two illustrations by
1726:'Knocklyn Past and Present', p. 33
679:Columnar trunk in streambank woods
14:
2944:
2323:
758:in the magnolia family. The name
730:Mineral stain in fresh-split wood
510:; they yield large quantities of
2341:
2329:
1073:'Roothaan' – blunt-lobed leaves.
885:is generally considered to be a
748:is one of two species (see also
723:
711:
696:
684:
672:
667:Leaf of cultivar "Integrifolium"
660:
648:
636:
624:
612:
600:
588:
576:
466:States. Growth is fairly rapid.
120:
2273:
2264:
2244:
2235:
2220:
2206:
2192:
2167:
2142:
2118:
2100:
2075:
2050:
2025:
2001:
1969:
1948:
1933:
1909:
1876:
1789:
1778:. Ldeo.columbia.edu. 1972-12-15
1768:
1729:
1720:
1697:
1672:
1663:
1639:
1604:
1569:
1534:
1488:
1463:
1391:Blozen, Will (April 29, 2011).
1260:
978:
2923:Garden plants of North America
1681:"Branch lines: the tulip tree"
1452:
1430:
1384:
1335:
1326:
1240:
452:
1:
1679:Wheeler, David (2001-10-20).
1273:
930:
2013:www.treesandshrubsonline.org
1859:United States Forest Service
1345:. The Plant List. 2012-03-23
1026:
845:East Central Florida ecotype
7:
2933:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1524:Keeler, Harriet L. (1900).
1470:Brockman, C. Frank (2002).
1207:
1093:Royal Horticultural Society
735:
384:, and east to southwestern
289:Liriodendron truncatifolium
10:
2949:
2294:Magnolias and their allies
1799:American Journal of Botany
1144:
1010:Like other members of the
877:
569:
401:temperate deciduous forest
358:representative of the two-
18:
2898:Trees of Northern America
2381:
2229:"Liriodendron tulipifera"
2083:"AGM Plants - Ornamental"
1584:(24): 384. 17 June 1961.
1363:Burns, Russell M (1990).
691:Early spring buds opening
269:
262:
257:
248:
231:
224:
117:Scientific classification
115:
93:
84:
76:
67:
54:
45:
38:
2913:Plants described in 1753
1851:Silvics of North America
1835:Beck, Donald E. (1990).
1706:Silvics of North America
1549:(19): 300. 12 May 1951.
1233:
1127:
870:, Big Tree Park and the
860:Dr. Howard A. Kelly Park
816:Distribution and habitat
740:Originally described by
388:, then south to central
273:Liriodendron fastigiatum
19:Not to be confused with
2767:Liriodendron tulipifera
2754:Liriodendron_tulipifera
2413:Liriodendron tulipifera
2383:Liriodendron tulipifera
2355:Liriodendron tulipifera
2348:Liriodendron tulipifera
2336:Liriodendron tulipifera
2227:Griffith, Randy Scott.
2112:Flickr – Photo Sharing!
2060:Liriodendron tulipifera
2035:Liriodendron tulipifera
1940:Holland, W. J. (1905).
1839:Liriodendron tulipifera
1619:(19): 302. 7 May 1955.
1291:Liriodendron tulipifera
1187:
1140:
1103:Liriodendron tulipifera
968:Liriodendron tulipifera
917:Liriodendron tulipifera
883:Liriodendron tulipifera
868:Spring Hammock Preserve
783:
779:Miami-Illinois language
746:Liriodendron tulipifera
311:Liriodendron tulipifera
297:Tulipifera liriodendron
235:Liriodendron tulipifera
56:Liriodendron tulipifera
40:Liriodendron tulipifera
25:Tupelo or blackgum tree
2058:"RHS Plant Selector –
2033:"RHS Plant Selector –
1472:Trees of North America
988:
962:
849:Parts of east-central
504:Southern United States
478:
433:The tulip tree is the
2292:Hunt, D. (ed). 1998.
2253:– Full text from the
1305:: e.T194015A2294401.
1287:Rivers, M.C. (2014).
1222:Spathodea campanulata
1097:Award of Garden Merit
995:which has thick dark
986:
793:Appalachian Mountains
560:Harriet Louise Keeler
472:
413:Great Smoky Mountains
405:Appalachian Mountains
373:Liriodendron chinense
370:(the other member is
2338:at Wikimedia Commons
2154:Niittytila ~ Änggård
1611:"Nature Ramblings".
1576:"Nature Ramblings".
1541:"Nature Ramblings".
1084:the species and its
281:Liriodendron procera
1613:Science News-Letter
1578:Science News-Letter
1543:Science News-Letter
706:camouflaged on leaf
460:eastern white pines
320:American tulip tree
87:Conservation status
2062:'Aureomarginatum'"
1742:Journal of Ecology
989:
923:Vines, especially
479:
217:L. tulipifera
2875:
2874:
2739:Open Tree of Life
2375:Taxon identifiers
2334:Media related to
2130:Mustila Arboretum
1107:Arboretum Mustila
797:Mississippi River
583:Tulip-like flower
522:, 40–50 mm (
307:
306:
301:
293:
285:
277:
110:
2940:
2928:Ornamental trees
2908:Flora of Ontario
2868:
2867:
2855:
2854:
2845:
2844:
2832:
2831:
2819:
2818:
2806:
2805:
2793:
2792:
2780:
2779:
2770:
2769:
2757:
2756:
2747:
2746:
2734:
2733:
2721:
2720:
2708:
2707:
2698:
2697:
2685:
2684:
2682:NBNSYS0000042129
2672:
2671:
2659:
2658:
2646:
2645:
2636:
2635:
2623:
2622:
2610:
2609:
2597:
2596:
2584:
2583:
2571:
2570:
2558:
2557:
2545:
2544:
2532:
2531:
2522:
2521:
2509:
2508:
2496:
2495:
2483:
2482:
2470:
2469:
2460:
2459:
2450:
2449:
2437:
2436:
2427:
2426:
2417:
2416:
2415:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2370:
2369:
2362:photo database,
2346:Data related to
2345:
2333:
2280:
2277:
2271:
2268:
2262:
2255:Dollar Newspaper
2248:
2242:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2224:
2218:
2217:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2202:. 28 April 2018.
2196:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2177:. Archived from
2171:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2161:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2136:
2122:
2116:
2115:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2087:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2019:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1995:
1989:
1983:. Archived from
1982:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1897:10.5519/havt50xw
1880:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1855:Washington, D.C.
1832:
1823:
1822:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1783:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1733:
1727:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1701:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1691:
1676:
1670:
1667:
1661:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1521:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1467:
1461:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1438:"Landmark Trees"
1434:
1428:
1427:
1424:The Conversation
1415:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1395:. Archived from
1388:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1371:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1343:"The Plant List"
1339:
1333:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1314:
1284:
1267:
1264:
1258:
1244:
1194:William Stafford
1039:
1038:
1034:
887:shade-intolerant
834:Bishop Compton's
786:
727:
715:
700:
688:
676:
664:
652:
640:
631:Unfolding leaves
628:
616:
604:
592:
580:
535:
534:
530:
527:
378:Southern Ontario
299:
291:
283:
275:
253:
237:
125:
124:
104:
99:
98:
72:
63:Park in Belgium
50:
36:
35:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2937:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2871:
2863:
2858:
2850:
2848:
2840:
2835:
2827:
2822:
2814:
2809:
2801:
2796:
2788:
2783:
2775:
2773:
2765:
2760:
2752:
2750:
2742:
2737:
2729:
2726:Observation.org
2724:
2716:
2711:
2703:
2701:
2693:
2688:
2680:
2675:
2667:
2662:
2654:
2649:
2641:
2640:MichiganFlora:
2639:
2631:
2626:
2618:
2613:
2605:
2600:
2592:
2587:
2579:
2574:
2566:
2561:
2553:
2548:
2540:
2535:
2527:
2525:
2517:
2512:
2504:
2499:
2491:
2486:
2478:
2473:
2465:
2463:
2455:
2453:
2445:
2440:
2432:
2430:
2422:
2420:
2411:
2410:
2405:
2396:
2395:
2390:
2377:
2326:
2289:
2287:Further reading
2284:
2283:
2278:
2274:
2269:
2265:
2259:F. O. C. Darley
2249:
2245:
2240:
2236:
2225:
2221:
2212:
2211:
2207:
2198:
2197:
2193:
2184:
2182:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2159:
2157:
2148:
2147:
2143:
2134:
2132:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2114:. 26 July 2009.
2106:
2105:
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2076:
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2064:
2056:
2055:
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2041:
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2031:
2030:
2026:
2017:
2015:
2007:
2006:
2002:
1993:
1991:
1987:
1980:
1974:
1970:
1961:
1959:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1938:
1934:
1925:
1923:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1901:
1899:
1881:
1877:
1868:
1866:
1853:. Vol. 2.
1833:
1826:
1811:10.2307/2445769
1794:
1790:
1781:
1779:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1754:10.2307/2261149
1734:
1730:
1725:
1721:
1702:
1698:
1689:
1687:
1677:
1673:
1668:
1664:
1644:
1640:
1625:10.2307/3934969
1610:
1609:
1605:
1590:10.2307/3942819
1575:
1574:
1570:
1555:10.2307/3928783
1540:
1539:
1535:
1522:
1507:
1499:
1493:
1489:
1482:
1468:
1464:
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1331:
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1317:
1315:
1285:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1270:
1265:
1261:
1248:saucer magnolia
1245:
1241:
1236:
1210:
1190:
1149:
1143:
1130:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1030:
1029:
981:
965:
956:Papilio glaucus
933:
925:wild grapevines
880:
847:
818:
799:it is called a
752:) in the genus
738:
731:
728:
719:
716:
707:
701:
692:
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665:
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523:
455:
244:
239:
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119:
111:
100:
96:
89:
58:
32:
17:
16:Species of tree
12:
11:
5:
2946:
2936:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
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2873:
2872:
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2865:wfo-0000229261
2856:
2846:
2833:
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2794:
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2484:
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2451:
2438:
2428:
2418:
2403:
2387:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2367:
2366:
2351:
2350:at Wikispecies
2339:
2325:
2324:External links
2322:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2272:
2263:
2251:"The Gold-Bug"
2243:
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2117:
2099:
2074:
2049:
2024:
2000:
1968:
1947:
1932:
1908:
1875:
1824:
1805:(7): 878–889.
1788:
1767:
1728:
1719:
1696:
1671:
1662:
1659:10.1086/702267
1653:(3), 253–269.
1638:
1603:
1568:
1533:
1505:
1497:"Tulip Poplar"
1487:
1480:
1462:
1451:
1429:
1410:
1399:on May 7, 2023
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1145:Main article:
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895:Orlagh College
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864:Lake Eola Park
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417:North Carolina
356:North American
348:hickory-poplar
314:—known as the
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1990:on 2016-08-21
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1440:. May 6, 2011
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951:L. tulipifera
948:
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946:C. angulifera
942:
941:L. tulipifera
938:
937:L. tulipifera
928:
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838:Fulham Palace
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789:dugout canoes
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742:Carl Linnaeus
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2893:Magnoliaceae
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2194:
2183:. Retrieved
2179:the original
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2156:(in Finnish)
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2090:. Retrieved
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2059:
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2012:
2003:
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1985:the original
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1960:. Retrieved
1950:
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1924:. Retrieved
1921:bugguide.org
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1911:
1900:. Retrieved
1888:
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1850:
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1780:. Retrieved
1770:
1748:(1): 45–53.
1745:
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1444:December 20,
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1401:. Retrieved
1397:the original
1386:
1376:12 September
1374:. Retrieved
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1337:
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1316:. Retrieved
1302:
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1227:Bignoniaceae
1220:
1215:Queens Giant
1202:
1198:The Gold-Bug
1191:
1182:Upland South
1179:
1175:
1150:
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1012:Magnoliaceae
1009:
1005:not stagnant
1004:
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979:In landscape
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332:tulip poplar
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204:Liriodendron
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193:Magnoliaceae
166:
153:
140:
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55:
39:
33:
2664:NatureServe
2576:iNaturalist
2407:Wikispecies
1318:19 November
1256:soulangeana
1134:honey plant
973:John Loudon
750:L. chinense
475:ontogenesis
453:Description
183:Magnoliales
160:Angiosperms
2882:Categories
2790:kew-113859
2785:Plant List
2594:30197364-2
2464:Calflora:
2185:2017-02-14
2160:2021-06-11
2135:2021-06-11
2018:2024-09-20
1994:2024-06-11
1962:2019-08-02
1926:2019-09-24
1902:2019-09-24
1869:2014-04-07
1782:2014-04-07
1690:2021-06-11
1349:2014-04-07
1274:References
1171:white pine
1114:Costa Rica
1086:variegated
1001:serpentine
931:Host plant
891:succession
836:garden at
822:Cretaceous
784:oonseentia
643:Lobed leaf
435:state tree
340:fiddletree
316:tulip tree
173:Magnoliids
2542:200008463
2360:CalPhotos
1889:nhm.ac.uk
1846:Hardwoods
1714:86-600518
1685:Telegraph
1147:Tulipwood
1027:Cultivars
520:peduncles
447:Tennessee
394:Louisiana
344:lynn-tree
336:whitewood
328:tuliptree
324:tulipwood
211:Species:
130:Kingdom:
2849:VASCAN:
2842:19300006
2837:Tropicos
2751:PalDat:
2669:2.145843
2607:10245674
2454:BioLib:
2392:Wikidata
2092:25 March
1861:(USFS),
1332:Tropicos
1252:Magnolia
1208:See also
1118:Colombia
1089:cultivar
826:Tertiary
736:Taxonomy
443:Kentucky
428:hardwood
382:Illinois
354:—is the
264:Synonyms
189:Family:
107:IUCN 3.1
2651:MoBotPF
2555:3152861
2493:1155834
2398:Q158783
2358:in the
1819:2445769
1762:2261149
1633:3934969
1598:3942819
1563:3928783
1154:sapwood
1080:In the
1017:drought
997:topsoil
878:Ecology
855:Orlando
851:Florida
828:rocks.
820:In the
772:poplars
570:Gallery
553:samaras
531:⁄
496:petiole
439:Indiana
390:Florida
360:species
284:Salisb.
199:Genus:
179:Order:
134:Plantae
105: (
80:flower
2798:PLANTS
2744:777299
2702:NZOR:
2656:282514
2633:194015
2529:lirtul
2526:FEIS:
2519:175285
2447:437970
2421:AoFP:
2300:
2067:22 May
2042:22 May
1865:(USDA)
1817:
1760:
1712:
1631:
1596:
1561:
1478:
1403:May 6,
1167:valves
1159:organs
1122:Bogota
1031:": -->
809:tulips
801:poplar
768:tulips
764:lilies
512:nectar
508:tepals
445:, and
409:timber
350:, and
292:Stokes
276:Dippel
258:Range
21:Poplar
2829:10338
2774:PFI:
2731:20393
2713:NZPCN
2620:18086
2602:IRMNG
2581:53582
2568:22382
2514:EUNIS
2506:LIRTU
2480:3VCGS
2431:APA:
2086:(PDF)
1988:(PDF)
1981:(PDF)
1815:JSTOR
1758:JSTOR
1629:JSTOR
1594:JSTOR
1559:JSTOR
1500:(PDF)
1370:(PDF)
1234:Notes
1163:pipes
1128:Honey
913:flood
909:swamp
899:mesic
853:near
619:Seeds
363:genus
300:Mill.
167:Clade
154:Clade
141:Clade
61:Laken
29:tulip
27:, or
2852:6610
2811:POWO
2803:LITU
2777:1259
2762:PfaF
2718:4709
2695:3415
2690:NCBI
2643:1664
2628:IUCN
2615:ITIS
2589:IPNI
2563:GRIN
2550:GBIF
2501:EPPO
2467:9361
2457:3411
2442:APNI
2434:2593
2424:3670
2298:ISBN
2094:2018
2069:2013
2044:2013
1710:LCCN
1476:ISBN
1446:2011
1405:2023
1378:2024
1320:2021
1303:2014
1213:The
1188:Arts
1165:and
1141:Wood
1116:and
1033:edit
993:loam
718:Leaf
483:bark
481:The
424:wood
392:and
2860:WFO
2824:RHS
2677:NBN
2537:FNA
2488:EoL
2475:CoL
1893:doi
1807:doi
1750:doi
1655:doi
1651:180
1621:doi
1586:doi
1551:doi
1307:doi
1200:".
1095:'s
963:Use
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