188:. Most of these castles were motte-and-baileys and were originally of turf and timber construction, although they were sometimes later replaced by stone structures if a long-term castle was needed. Away from the borders, baronial castles were built in Cheshire and were a status symbol. The castles in Cheshire were built over a period of several centuries, with the earliest in 1070 and the latest in the 15th century. Most, 12 out of 20, were built between 1070 and the end of the 12th century. Of the three castles in Cheshire known to have been built after the 13th century, they are either tower houses or fortified manor houses; this type of structure was more important as a feudal residence than a military structure and reflects the national trend of castles after the 13th century being used as a symbol of authority rather than primarily military.
1905:
1890:
1988:
1933:
1921:
1875:
1972:
2018:
19:
2006:
1953:
2095:
1561:. The motte is surrounded by a ditch apart from in the south, where Pulford Brook forms part of the defences. The motte survives to a height of 3 m (9.8 ft) and measures 11 by 9 m (36 by 30 ft) at the summit. In 1313, a jury of the Chester county court found that the lord of Little Caldy (Wirral) held that manor by the service of 'palisading' (i.e. repairing the wooden defences) of Robert de Pulford's castle at Pulford.
160:. Ringworks are similar to motte-and-bailey castles but lack the motte; although contemporary with motte-and-baileys, they are an uncommon form of fortification. A ringwork may have been built rather than a motte-and-bailey because the soil was too thin to provide a proper motte or simply because of the preference of the builder. A fortified manor house was the administrative centre of a
655:. Originally a motte-and-bailey castle constructed from timber and turf, it was rebuilt in stone in the 12th century. The castle underwent many periods of construction, with an outer bailey, new towers along the inner bailey, new structures within the castle walls, and a new gatehouse all added in the 13th century, during the Welsh Wars. Chester Castle was given by William I to the
1701:(98 ft) east of the motte. The enclosure near the motte was the site of a fortified manor house and was surrounded by a moat; it was the successor fortification from the earlier motte and it thought to have been built around 1100 for the Barons of Malpas. Shocklach Castle was part of a series of defences along the Welsh border, and was linked with Aldford and Malpas castles.
901:. In 1355, Frodsham Castle was recorded as requiring repair. The Norman castle collapsed in the 14th century and was replaced by a fortified manor house. This was destroyed by fire in 1654. Although there are no visible traces of the structure, some of the foundations were incorporated into the cellars of Castle Park, a building constructed on the site in 1721.
1208:
Malpas means it was probably built in the 12th century. The motte survives to 3.7 metres (12 ft) in height and is 37 m (40 yd) in diameter and is surrounded by a ditch. Although there is no sign of a bailey, there was probably one to the south of the motte; the site today is heavily disturbed and covered in grass.
1700:
Shocklach Castle is on the edge of a steep ravine. The earliest fortification on the site is a motte surrounded by a ditch; the motte survives to a height of 4 m (13 ft) from the bottom of the ditch. Although there is no bailey connected to the motte, there is a D-shaped enclosure 30 m
1207:
Malpas Castle is in the
Broxton Hills and was built for the Barons of Malpas. It was part of a series of defences along the Welsh border, and was linked with Aldford and Shocklach castles (Shocklach was also built by the Barons of Malpas). Its links with Alford and Shocklach castles and the Barons of
1346:
Newhall Tower was probably built in 1227 for the Audley family when they gained ownership of the land, but it is first documented in 1275. It was still in use in 1363, but was ruinous by the late 16th century. The site of the castle is uncertain, but a series of earthworks with a central mound and a
394:
The motte, which survives to a height of 5.2 m (17 ft), is surrounded by a 10 m (33 ft) wide and 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in) deep ditch. The bailey is surrounded by a 2 m (6 ft 7 in) deep 18 m (59 ft) wide ditch, and is triangular in shape, covering
1774:
which was on the shore of the Dee estuary when the castle was built; it is protected by streams on two sides and guarded a ford over the River Dee. The motte is an irregular hexagon and measures 40 m (130 ft) north-south and 20 m (66 ft) east-west. A kidney-shaped bailey next to
811:
The 3.3 m (11 ft) high motte is surrounded by a 2.3 m (7 ft 7 in) deep ditch. The bailey, to the west of the motte, is surrounded by a rampart and ditch; the ditch is 12 m (39 ft) wide and is up to 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in) deep, while the rampart survives
1852:
Warrington Castle is on a slight prominence 230 m (250 yd) north of the bank of the River Mersey, overlooking a ford and its approaches. The motte was surrounded by a ditch and oval in shape, measuring 49 by 39 m (161 by 128 ft) and survives to a height of 2.7 m (8 ft
1483:
The first documented evidence of
Oldcastle comes from 1288. By 1485, the castle was ruinous. Little is known about the castle, although it was surrounded by two defensive ditches. One ditch began silting up in the 13th century and was filled in during the late 14th–early 15th centuries, while the
1055:
The motte survives to a height of 2.8 m (9 ft 2 in) and is 23 m (75 ft) in diameter. There is no trace of a surrounding ditch or a bailey associated with the motte. There are the remains of a summerhouse on the side of the motte, not contemporary with the medieval castle.
737:
Doddington Castle was built in 1364–1403 by Sir John Delves. He acquired a licence to crenellate and erected a free-standing tower separate from his mansion. In the 17th century, the tower was incorporated into a series of domestic houses. When these houses were demolished in 1777, the tower was
136:
lords. The primary purpose of a castle was military: to be used as a base of operations and to control the surrounding areas. A castle was considered to be a stamp of authority over the population of an area, and a status symbol. Some would have acted as centres of trade and administration for a
464:
Beeston Castle is on a crag 90 m (300 ft) above the surrounding countryside, at the northern end of the
Peckforton Hills. The site is strategically strong because of its natural defences and overlooks the surrounding area for miles. It has an outer and inner bailey and no motte; this,
1775:
the motte measures 80 m (260 ft) north-south and 38 m (125 ft) east-west. A ditch surrounds the bailey varying between 15 and 29 m (49 and 95 ft) wide and 2.2 to 3.8 m (7 ft 3 in to 12 ft 6 in) deep. Shotwick Castle was probably built by
659:
and it served as the administrative centre of the earldom. It passed into the possession of the Crown on the extinction of the line of earls in 1237. After the 13th century, most expenditure on the castle was to maintain it rather than aggrandise it as happened with other castles such as
175:
Due to its border with Wales, Cheshire played an important role in defending
England against the Welsh. Many castles were built along the border, and 8 of the 20 castles in Cheshire are within 4 miles (6.4 km) of the Welsh border. Castles along the border were constructed when the
1904:
1138:'s family, after which the castle became known as Buckingham Palace. It was altered in the 15th century, and by 1585 was ruinous. By the 20th century, only the porch was still standing, and this was demolished in 1932 and shops and cottages were built on the site.
1779:, in the late 11th century, although the castle was first documented in 1260. It was used as border defence against the Welsh until peace was achieved in 1281. After this, it fell out of use as a military castle, and became part of a royal manor and game park for
986:, by 1609 the structure was in a state of disrepair. The castle was used in the English Civil War, but afterwards its defences were dismantled. After that, the castle was allowed to deteriorate. The ruins of the castle are protected as a Grade I listed building.
1630:
The exact location of
Shipbrook Castle is uncertain, but it is thought to be on Castle Hill near Shipbrook Bridge. During the Welsh Wars, baronial castles were built as a form of defence, and Shipbrook Castle was one of these. It was demolished in around 1850.
465:
coupled with strong defensive walls and gatehouse and no inner keep means it is an enclosure type castle. The inner bailey is surrounded by a sheer drop on three sides, and is protected by a 9 m (30 ft) deep ditch on the fourth side. The
582:. Additions were made in the 16th century, and the structure was encased in brick in the 18th century. The ruinous gateway, which was built in 1460, is a Grade II* listed building. Only the gateway and moat survive from the 15th century hall.
812:
to a height of 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in). Dodlestone Castle was the seat of the
Boydell family. The site has been damaged by landscaping and construction work. A later mansion was built on the site for the Manley family of
1133:
reign. The castle was square with projecting wings, and measured 130 by 36 metres (142 by 39 yd). After de
Macclesfield died in 1422, the castle passed through the possession of two families of earls, one of which was the
978:. The first timber castle was replaced by the current stone structure in the 12th century. The castle passed into the possession of the crown when the 15th baron, Henry Bolingbroke, ascended to the throne as
1889:
1853:
10 in) in 1908. The bailey was defended by a rampart and ditch. It was probably built in the Norman period, and the residence of the Lords of the Manor of
Warrington until they moved to
893:
Frodsham Castle is located at the foot of
Overton Hill in the western part of the town of Frodsham. It guarded a pass between the hill and Frodsham Marsh. The castle was probably built by
180:
was slowed by Welsh opposition; when conquest was swift, there was less need for fortifications. Compared to north Wales, relatively few castles are found in
Cheshire since many, such as
974:
Halton Castle is on the summit of Halton Hill and overlooks the estuary of the River Mersey. Halton Castle was probably built in the late 11th century for Nigel of Cotentin, the first
1783:. Shotwick Castle was ruinous by 1621 and demolished in 1756. The castle survives as earthworks but has been damaged by treasure hunters and ploughing, and is now used as pasture.
481:
which he built around the same time. The castle passed into the possession of the Crown when John le Scot, Blondeville's heir, died in 1237. Beeston Castle was involved in the
522:
191:
Most of the castles are in a ruinous state, having been abandoned after they fulfilled their military purpose. The remains are often protected by law: 11 sites are
164: – a division of land in medieval England – and was usually the home of the local lord. Fortified manor houses are considered castles because they often had
1073:
2118:
685:
1648:
1578:
759:
3827:
1718:
1225:
1501:
841:
599:
412:
1155:
922:
1861:. Warrington Castle was the largest motte-and-bailey castle in Lancashire. By 1587, the castle was in a state of decay. Although the site was reused in the
1800:
1003:
1364:
342:
1788:
1431:
664:. When the medieval castle was destroyed by fire in the 18th century, only the Agricola Tower survived. The tower (also known as Caesar's Tower) and the
510:
110:
1553:
Pulford Castle is first documented in 1190–1220. Having been built by the Ormesbee family, the castle was given to the Pulford family in 1245. In 1403,
1294:
218:
1636:
1352:
262:
1865:, it otherwise slips out of records after 1587 and was probably left derelict. No trace of the castle remains, and the site is occupied by a park.
203:
or historic building, given protection against unauthorised change. As well as the 20 known castles in Cheshire, historian Mike Salter in his 2001
1282:
1143:
1125:
Located in the town of Macclesfield, the castle was built by John de Macclesfield in the late 14th–early 15th century, probably because of the
152:
or tower – connected to a bailey, an outer enclosure where the barracks and workshops were located. Other types of castle in Cheshire are
2431:
1854:
1874:
1987:
470:
1932:
1776:
894:
490:
3282:
2970:
2492:
1914:, showing Beeston Castle from the south. By this time, the castle defences had been dismantled to render it strategically useless
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3501:
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3419:
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3377:
3350:
3314:
3219:
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3001:
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2849:
2828:
2799:
2757:
2724:
2684:
2657:
2625:
2593:
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2529:
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2343:
2316:
105:
and its historic boundaries are different from the modern county lines. Some castles that were formerly in Cheshire are now in
3582:
2113:
39:
3832:
1416:
The castle is first referred to in the 1190s, and again in 1278. Excavations have not revealed the location of the castle.
2036:
Some of the castles in the list have more than one name. Where this is the case, the alternative names are listed here.
738:
retained as a landscape feature. The castle is three storeys high and made from sandstone. It is protected as a Grade I
2497:
1971:
1920:
1126:
3731:
3713:
3668:
3607:
2017:
817:
2005:
574:
The hall was built as a manor house in the 15th century with a moat and a fortified gatehouse. It was owned by the
505:
in 1646 to render its defences useless. The castle is protected as a Grade I listed building and is now a museum.
66:
61:
1952:
1277:
Nantwich Castle lay in ruins by 1485. No trace survives, and Castle Street and Mill Street are on the site.
56:
3822:
3817:
1959:
665:
466:
132: – although a few sites in the south-east pre-dating the Norman conquest – and were owned by the
102:
2275:
3785:
2108:
395:
an area of 4,250 m (45,700 sq ft). A later manor house was probably built on the motte.
118:
1997:
1939:
1911:
3591:
2440:
177:
1898:
viewed from the south, built on a rocky summit 110 m (360 ft) above the Cheshire Plain
3621:
1780:
1130:
482:
157:
3425:
3404:
3383:
3192:
3116:
2876:
2855:
2834:
2730:
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2562:
2349:
678:
652:
469:
of the outer bailey was 2 m (6 ft 7 in) thick. It was built in the 1220s by
212:
51:
8:
1554:
1421:
1061:
979:
486:
200:
82:
3618:
Buckton Castle: An Archaeological Evaluation of a Medieval Ringwork – an Interim Report
3599:
1135:
474:
192:
106:
90:
3727:
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3664:
3603:
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1862:
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405:
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996:
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911:
821:
747:
256:
185:
145:
3798:
1558:
2100:
2024:
1978:
1706:
1213:
991:
898:
829:
739:
656:
196:
128:
built as a defence against the Danes. Castles were popularised in England by the
3780:
2123:
1963:
1943:
1895:
1881:
1489:
661:
587:
400:
330:
23:
3811:
2135:
1993:
1816:
1802:
1734:
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1650:
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1503:
1447:
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1066:
983:
478:
169:
673:
181:
161:
138:
122:
3616:
Grimsditch, Brian; Nevell, Mike & Redhead, Norman (September 2007),
1858:
1793:
1771:
515:
208:
165:
114:
2872:
Halton Castle: ruined shell keep castle on site of motte & bailey
2851:
Halton Castle: ruined shell keep castle on site of motte & bailey
2830:
Halton Castle: ruined shell keep castle on site of motte & bailey
1641:
1357:
752:
579:
502:
498:
204:
18:
3642:
42:
3681:, Halton Castle: A Visual Treasure: North West Archaeological Trust
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1711:
1571:
1218:
834:
494:
153:
86:
816:, and this building was probably used in the English Civil War as
1494:
915:
592:
335:
129:
121:
began in 1066, defensive sites in England were communal, such as
3628:
Hough, P.R. (1978), "Excavations at Beeston Castle, 1975–1977",
982:. Although used as a prison and centre of administration in the
133:
78:
813:
117:
but is within the current boundaries of Cheshire. Before the
3181:
3179:
3177:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3783:(2016), "Cheshire Castles of the Irish Sea Cultural Zone",
1557:
ordered Sir Thomas le Grosvenor to hold the castle against
199:. A Scheduled Ancient Monument is a "nationally important"
149:
148:
which consists of a motte (a mound) – surmounted by a
125:
3529:
3527:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3168:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3025:
3023:
3021:
3495:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3487:
3485:
3483:
3764:
Halton Castle: An Introduction & Visitors' Handbook
3724:
The Castles and Tower Houses of Lancashire and Cheshire
3518:
2679:
2677:
144:
Castles can take several forms. The most common is the
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3455:
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3308:
3306:
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3018:
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2649:
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2991:
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2747:
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2713:
2711:
2709:
2707:
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2549:
2523:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2064:
Also known as Buckingham Palace and Buckingham Castle
3372:
3370:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3338:
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3272:
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1880:
Earthworks are all that remains of the 12th century
3448:
3299:
3280:
3245:
Archaeology in Nantwich: Crown Car Park Excavations
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3078:
3076:
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2613:
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2462:
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2424:
2208:
Grimsditch, Nevell, and Redhead (2007), p. 10.
2119:
List of scheduled monuments in Cheshire (1066–1539)
3697:History of the County Palatine and City of Chester
3206:
2988:
2744:
2704:
2546:
2512:
493:. In the English Civil War it was captured by the
3533:
3499:
3461:
3367:
3348:
3331:
3312:
3269:
3217:
3149:
3084:
3029:
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2797:
2755:
2655:
2623:
2591:
2576:
2527:
2372:
2363:
2333:
2311:
2300:
2243:
2241:
2082:Also known as The Mount, The Motte, and Moat Hill
3809:
3069:
2816:
2788:
2610:
2457:
3242:
2483:
2481:
2238:
3828:Lists of buildings and structures in Cheshire
3751:Transactions of the Ancient Monuments Society
3630:Journal of the Chester Archaeological Society
3053:
3051:
26:was built as the main entrance to the castle
3749:Turner, R.C. (1987), "Macclesfield Castle",
3622:University of Manchester Archaeological Unit
3262:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3254:
2781:
2779:
2777:
639:Motte-and-bailey (also a possible ringwork)
3424:, Revealing Cheshire's Past, archived from
3403:, Revealing Cheshire's Past, archived from
3382:, Revealing Cheshire's Past, archived from
3115:, Revealing Cheshire's Past, archived from
2875:, Revealing Cheshire's Past, archived from
2854:, Revealing Cheshire's Past, archived from
2833:, Revealing Cheshire's Past, archived from
2729:, Revealing Cheshire's Past, archived from
2689:, Revealing Cheshire's Past, archived from
2561:, Revealing Cheshire's Past, archived from
2478:
2348:, Revealing Cheshire's Past, archived from
1910:Engraving of Beeston Castle in 1727 by the
3761:
3048:
2558:Bradlegh Old Hall moated site and fishpond
2408:
2406:
2396:
2394:
2011:Part of the ruins of Halton Castle in 2006
471:Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester
3652:Cheshire Under the Norman Earls 1066–1237
3641:
3251:
2774:
2291:
1484:other was in use until the 15th century.
3661:Frodsham: The History of a Cheshire Town
2433:Beeston Castle: Information for Teachers
2226:Friar (2003), pp. 84, 186–187.
1347:square ditch is the likeliest location.
491:Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester
184:, were built on the western side of the
17:
3779:
3739:
3694:
3685:
3596:The David & Charles Book of Castles
2403:
2391:
1926:Beeston Castle gateway to the main keep
3810:
3748:
3721:
3703:
3695:Ormerod, G. (1882), Helsby, T. (ed.),
3676:
3658:
3649:
3627:
3572:
3540:Research records (formerly PastScape)
3506:Research records (formerly PastScape)
3468:Research records (formerly PastScape)
3355:Research records (formerly PastScape)
3319:Research records (formerly PastScape)
3287:Research records (formerly PastScape)
3224:Research records (formerly PastScape)
3156:Research records (formerly PastScape)
3091:Research records (formerly PastScape)
3036:Research records (formerly PastScape)
3006:Research records (formerly PastScape)
2804:Research records (formerly PastScape)
2762:Research records (formerly PastScape)
2662:Research records (formerly PastScape)
2630:Research records (formerly PastScape)
2598:Research records (formerly PastScape)
2534:Research records (formerly PastScape)
2379:Research records (formerly PastScape)
2321:Research records (formerly PastScape)
2172:Friar (2003), pp. 186, 193.
2114:List of castles in Greater Manchester
3243:McNeil Sale R.; et al. (1978),
2190:Friar (2003), pp. 22, 214.
2031:
651:Chester Castle was built in 1070 by
485:(1264–1265) when it was captured by
3590:
2126: – an 18th-century folly
13:
3772:
2975:National Heritage List for England
2498:National Heritage List for England
2439:, English Heritage, archived from
2345:Motte & Bailey Castle, Aldford
2132: – a 19th-century house
2076:
2067:
2058:
2049:
2040:
302:
14:
3844:
3708:, Batsford and English Heritage,
3191:, Cheshire.gov.uk, archived from
3679:Halton Castle: A Visual Treasure
2093:
2016:
2004:
1986:
1970:
1951:
1931:
1919:
1903:
1888:
1873:
382:Motte-and-bailey and shell keep
299:) as possible sites of castles.
3575:The Sutton Companion to Castles
3552:
3439:
3421:Pulford Motte and Bailey Castle
3400:Pulford Motte and Bailey Castle
3379:Pulford Motte and Bailey Castle
3236:
3103:
3060:
2962:
2953:
2944:
2935:
2926:
2917:
2908:
2899:
2890:
2469:
2415:
2268:
2259:
2250:
2247:Husain (1973), pp. 100–101
2229:
1777:Hugh Lupus, 1st Earl of Chester
207:of the castles in Cheshire and
96:
3032:"Macclesfield Castle (78311)"
2265:Friar (2003), pp. 57, 70.
2220:
2211:
2202:
2193:
2184:
2175:
2166:
2157:
2148:
2077:
2068:
2059:
2050:
2041:
668:are Grade I listed buildings.
473:, and is similar in design to
1:
3799:10.1080/00665983.2016.1191279
3577:, Stroud: Sutton Publishing,
2914:Whimperley (1981), p. 3.
2154:Salter (2001), pp. 9–39.
2141:
550:Bradlegh Old Hall moated site
3677:McNeil, Robina, ed. (1987),
3654:, Cheshire Community Council
2941:Nickson (1887), p. 148.
2530:"Bradlegh Old Hall (71862)"
103:historic counties of England
7:
3833:Lists of castles in England
3766:, Widnes: Arthur Whimperley
3762:Whimperley, Arthur (1981),
3464:"Shipbrook Castle (73008)"
3247:, Bemrose Press, p. 14
3152:"Shocklach Castle (68887)"
3066:Turner (1987), p. 138.
3057:Turner (1987), p. 137.
2959:Starkey (1990), p. 58.
2950:Starkey (1990), p. 28.
2923:Starkey (1990), p. 32.
2905:Starkey (1990), p. 19.
2421:Hough (1978), pp. 1–2.
2086:
2023:Only earthworks survive of
820:'s headquarters during the
497:and then recaptured by the
67:GPX (secondary coordinates)
10:
3849:
3786:The Archaeological Journal
3690:, London: Mackie & Co.
3502:"Shotwick Castle (67153)"
3283:"Newhall Tower (1391047)"
3266:Salter (2001), p. 20.
2785:Latham (1987), p. 20.
2493:"Beeston Castle (1330329)"
2297:Salter (2001), p. 21.
2256:Husain (1973), p. 101
2235:Husain (1973), p. 97.
2217:Friar (2003), p. 186.
2199:Friar (2003), p. 246.
2181:Rowley (1997), p. 71.
2109:List of castles in England
1996:in 1727. Engraving by the
1846:Medieval, possibly Norman
1049:Medieval, possibly Norman
119:Norman conquest of England
113:is historically a part of
3686:Nickson, Charles (1887),
3659:Latham, Frank A. (1987),
3592:Fry, Plantagenet Somerset
3351:"Monument No. 66937"
3220:"Monument No. 72713"
3112:Castle Hill motte, Malpas
2971:"Halton Castle (1130460)"
2932:McNeil (1987), p. 7.
2896:McNeil (1987), p. 1.
2758:"Monument No. 71545"
2658:"Monument No. 67014"
2594:"Chester Castle (69135)"
2375:"Beeston Castle (71073)"
2317:"Aldford Castle (68791)"
2163:Friar (2003), p. 54.
2073:Also known as Castle Hill
2046:Also known as Delves Hall
1770:It is located on a steep
62:GPX (primary coordinates)
37:Map all coordinates using
3744:, Halton Borough Council
2800:"Halton Castle (71756)"
2475:Dore (1996), p. 33.
2466:Hough (1978), p. 2.
2412:Fry (1980), p. 191.
2400:Hough (1978), p. 1.
2055:Also known as Castle Cob
178:Norman invasion of Wales
45:Download coordinates as:
3704:Rowley, Trevor (1997),
3650:Husain, B.M.C. (1973),
3573:Friar, Stephen (2003),
101:Cheshire is one of the
3740:Starkey, H. F (1990),
3726:, Folly Publications,
3315:"Castle Hill (68721)"
3188:Shocklach Castle motte
3087:"Castle Hill (68683)"
2626:"Delves Hall (74464)"
1735:53.226871°N 2.974293°W
1688:Fortified manor house
1665:53.051612°N 2.843735°W
1595:53.235692°N 2.489153°W
1518:53.121069°N 2.933267°W
1448:52.991681°N 2.792876°W
1410:Probable 12th century
1242:53.066452°N 2.521413°W
1201:Probable 12th century
1172:53.019549°N 2.765804°W
1127:crisis towards the end
1113:Fortified manor house
939:53.332844°N 2.694361°W
776:53.140902°N 2.954703°W
702:53.019424°N 2.434224°W
616:53.185091°N 2.890729°W
562:Fortified manor house
429:53.127894°N 2.690455°W
235:53.091352°N 2.817631°W
158:fortified manor houses
31:
22:The Agricola Tower at
3722:Salter, Mike (2001),
3002:"Castle Cob (71622)"
1090:53.258926°N 2.12421°W
858:53.29236°N 2.729414°W
653:William the Conqueror
255:) and Peel Hall near
57:GPX (all coordinates)
21:
3663:, Local Historians,
3536:"The Mount (73208)"
1740:53.226871; -2.974293
1670:53.051612; -2.843735
1624:11th–12th centuries
1600:53.235692; -2.489153
1523:53.121069; -2.933267
1453:52.991681; -2.792876
1247:53.066452; -2.521413
1177:53.019549; -2.765804
944:53.332844; -2.694361
818:Sir William Brereton
781:53.140902; -2.954703
707:53.019424; -2.434224
621:53.185091; -2.890729
434:53.127894; -2.690455
279:53.221258°N 2.7497°W
240:53.091352; -2.817631
3823:Castles in Cheshire
3818:History of Cheshire
3600:David & Charles
3445:TNA CHES 29/27 m 6d
2277:Scheduled Monuments
1981:in the 18th century
1812: /
1730: /
1660: /
1590: /
1513: /
1443: /
1376: /
1306: /
1237: /
1167: /
1101:Macclesfield Castle
1095:53.258926; -2.12421
1085: /
1062:Macclesfield Castle
1015: /
934: /
863:53.29236; -2.729414
853: /
771: /
697: /
611: /
534: /
424: /
354: /
322:Scheduled Monument
274: /
230: /
201:archaeological site
193:Scheduled Monuments
3688:History of Runcorn
3534:Historic England,
3500:Historic England,
3462:Historic England,
3349:Historic England,
3313:Historic England,
3281:Historic England,
3218:Historic England,
3150:Historic England,
3085:Historic England,
3030:Historic England,
3000:Historic England,
2969:Historic England.
2798:Historic England,
2756:Historic England,
2656:Historic England,
2624:Historic England,
2592:Historic England,
2528:Historic England,
2373:Historic England,
2280:, Pastscape.org.uk
1764:Probably pre-1093
1547:Late 12th century
1311:53.0046°N 2.5820°W
1136:Earl of Buckingham
1020:53.2558°N 2.6998°W
539:53.4399°N 2.6463°W
483:Second Barons' War
475:Bolingbroke Castle
359:53.1304°N 2.8698°W
284:53.221258; -2.7497
211:lists Mud Hill in
107:Greater Manchester
91:North West England
32:
3584:978-0-7509-3994-2
2686:Dodlestone Castle
2130:Peckforton Castle
2032:Alternative names
1869:
1868:
1863:English Civil War
1840:Motte-and-bailey
1837:
1828:Warrington Castle
1789:Warrington Castle
1758:Motte-and-bailey
1755:
1685:
1615:
1541:Motte-and-bailey
1538:
1468:
1401:
1331:
1262:
1192:
1110:
1040:
962:Motte-and-bailey
959:
878:
799:Motte-and-bailey
796:
722:
713:Doddington Castle
674:Doddington Castle
636:
559:
511:Bradlegh Old Hall
449:
379:
111:Warrington Castle
3840:
3801:
3767:
3758:
3745:
3736:
3718:
3700:
3691:
3682:
3673:
3655:
3646:
3645:
3624:
3612:
3587:
3559:
3556:
3550:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3531:
3516:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3497:
3478:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3459:
3446:
3443:
3437:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3415:
3414:
3412:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3374:
3365:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3346:
3329:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3310:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3278:
3267:
3264:
3249:
3248:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3215:
3204:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3183:
3166:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3147:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3107:
3101:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3082:
3067:
3064:
3058:
3055:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3042:
3027:
3016:
3015:
3014:
3012:
2997:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2966:
2960:
2957:
2951:
2948:
2942:
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2933:
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2924:
2921:
2915:
2912:
2906:
2903:
2897:
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2888:
2887:
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2884:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2825:
2814:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2795:
2786:
2783:
2772:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2753:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2726:Castle Cob Motte
2721:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2681:
2672:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2653:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2621:
2608:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2589:
2574:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2553:
2544:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2525:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2489:Historic England
2485:
2476:
2473:
2467:
2464:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2446:on 11 March 2008
2445:
2438:
2428:
2422:
2419:
2413:
2410:
2401:
2398:
2389:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2370:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2357:
2352:on 1 August 2012
2340:
2331:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2313:Historic England
2309:
2298:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2272:
2266:
2263:
2257:
2254:
2248:
2245:
2236:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2218:
2215:
2209:
2206:
2200:
2197:
2191:
2188:
2182:
2179:
2173:
2170:
2164:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2103:
2098:
2097:
2081:
2072:
2063:
2054:
2045:
2020:
2008:
1990:
1974:
1955:
1938:An engraving by
1935:
1923:
1907:
1892:
1877:
1845:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1817:53.392°N 2.576°W
1813:
1810:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1797:
1763:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1742:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1715:
1693:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1676:Shocklach Castle
1672:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1653:
1645:
1637:Shocklach Castle
1623:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1606:Shipbrook Castle
1602:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1586:
1583:
1575:
1567:Shipbrook Castle
1546:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1525:
1524:
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1514:
1511:
1510:
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1460:
1455:
1454:
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1440:
1439:
1436:
1428:
1409:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1392:Northwich Castle
1388:
1387:
1382:
1381:53.259°N 2.518°W
1377:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1361:
1353:Northwich Castle
1339:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1318:
1317:
1316:53.0046; -2.5820
1312:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1291:
1270:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1257:
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1254:
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1234:
1233:
1230:
1222:
1200:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1165:
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1163:
1160:
1152:
1118:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1070:
1048:
1039:
1038:
1036:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1027:
1026:
1025:53.2558; -2.6998
1021:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1000:
967:
958:
957:
955:
954:
953:
951:
946:
945:
940:
935:
932:
931:
930:
927:
919:
886:
877:
876:
874:
873:
872:
870:
865:
864:
859:
854:
851:
850:
849:
846:
838:
822:Siege of Chester
804:
795:
794:
792:
791:
790:
788:
787:Dodleston Castle
783:
782:
777:
772:
769:
768:
767:
764:
756:
748:Dodleston Castle
730:
721:
720:
718:
717:
716:
714:
709:
708:
703:
698:
695:
694:
693:
690:
682:
657:Earls of Chester
644:
635:
634:
632:
631:
630:
628:
623:
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612:
609:
608:
607:
604:
596:
567:
558:
557:
555:
554:
553:
551:
546:
545:
544:53.4399; -2.6463
540:
535:
532:
531:
530:
527:
519:
495:Parliamentarians
457:
448:
447:
445:
444:
443:
441:
436:
435:
430:
425:
422:
421:
420:
417:
409:
387:
378:
377:
375:
374:
373:
371:
366:
365:
364:53.1304; -2.8698
360:
355:
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339:
307:
306:
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295:
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280:
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254:
253:
251:
250:
249:
247:
242:
241:
236:
231:
228:
227:
226:
223:
197:listed buildings
146:motte-and-bailey
3848:
3847:
3843:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3838:
3837:
3808:
3807:
3804:
3781:Swallow, Rachel
3775:
3773:Further reading
3770:
3734:
3716:
3671:
3643:10.5284/1070242
3610:
3585:
3563:
3562:
3557:
3553:
3544:
3542:
3532:
3519:
3510:
3508:
3498:
3481:
3472:
3470:
3460:
3449:
3444:
3440:
3431:
3429:
3428:on 16 July 2012
3418:
3416:
3410:
3408:
3407:on 18 July 2012
3397:
3395:
3389:
3387:
3386:on 18 July 2012
3376:
3375:
3368:
3359:
3357:
3347:
3332:
3323:
3321:
3311:
3300:
3291:
3289:
3279:
3270:
3265:
3252:
3241:
3237:
3228:
3226:
3216:
3207:
3198:
3196:
3195:on 17 July 2012
3185:
3184:
3169:
3160:
3158:
3148:
3131:
3122:
3120:
3119:on 16 July 2012
3109:
3108:
3104:
3095:
3093:
3083:
3070:
3065:
3061:
3056:
3049:
3040:
3038:
3028:
3019:
3010:
3008:
2998:
2989:
2979:
2977:
2967:
2963:
2958:
2954:
2949:
2945:
2940:
2936:
2931:
2927:
2922:
2918:
2913:
2909:
2904:
2900:
2895:
2891:
2882:
2880:
2879:on 13 July 2012
2869:
2867:
2861:
2859:
2858:on 15 July 2012
2848:
2846:
2840:
2838:
2837:on 13 July 2012
2827:
2826:
2817:
2808:
2806:
2796:
2789:
2784:
2775:
2766:
2764:
2754:
2745:
2736:
2734:
2733:on 15 July 2012
2723:
2722:
2705:
2696:
2694:
2693:on 13 July 2012
2683:
2682:
2675:
2666:
2664:
2654:
2643:
2634:
2632:
2622:
2611:
2602:
2600:
2590:
2577:
2568:
2566:
2565:on 16 July 2012
2555:
2554:
2547:
2538:
2536:
2526:
2513:
2503:
2501:
2486:
2479:
2474:
2470:
2465:
2458:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2436:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2420:
2416:
2411:
2404:
2399:
2392:
2383:
2381:
2371:
2364:
2355:
2353:
2342:
2341:
2334:
2325:
2323:
2310:
2301:
2296:
2292:
2283:
2281:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2264:
2260:
2255:
2251:
2246:
2239:
2234:
2230:
2225:
2221:
2216:
2212:
2207:
2203:
2198:
2194:
2189:
2185:
2180:
2176:
2171:
2167:
2162:
2158:
2153:
2149:
2144:
2101:Cheshire portal
2099:
2092:
2089:
2034:
2027:
2025:Shotwick Castle
2021:
2012:
2009:
2000:
1991:
1982:
1979:Frodsham Castle
1975:
1966:
1956:
1947:
1936:
1927:
1924:
1915:
1908:
1899:
1893:
1884:
1878:
1843:
1827:
1825:
1821:
1819:
1815:
1814:
1811:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1761:
1746:Shotwick Castle
1745:
1743:
1739:
1737:
1733:
1732:
1729:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1707:Shotwick Castle
1691:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1662:
1659:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1646:
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1605:
1603:
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1315:
1313:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1268:
1253:Nantwich Castle
1252:
1250:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1214:Nantwich Castle
1198:
1182:
1180:
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1174:
1170:
1169:
1166:
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1087:
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1079:
1076:
1074:
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1069:
1046:
1031:Kingsley Castle
1030:
1028:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1001:
999:
992:Kingsley Castle
976:Baron of Halton
965:
949:
947:
943:
941:
937:
936:
933:
928:
925:
923:
921:
920:
918:
899:Earl of Chester
884:
869:Frodsham Castle
868:
866:
862:
860:
856:
855:
852:
847:
844:
842:
840:
839:
837:
830:Frodsham Castle
802:
786:
784:
780:
778:
774:
773:
770:
765:
762:
760:
758:
757:
755:
740:listed building
728:
712:
710:
706:
704:
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699:
696:
691:
688:
686:
684:
683:
681:
642:
626:
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620:
618:
614:
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602:
600:
598:
597:
595:
565:
549:
547:
543:
541:
537:
536:
533:
528:
525:
523:
521:
520:
518:
455:
439:
437:
433:
431:
427:
426:
423:
418:
415:
413:
411:
410:
408:
385:
369:
367:
363:
361:
357:
356:
353:
348:
345:
343:
341:
340:
338:
305:
303:List of castles
289:
287:
283:
281:
277:
276:
273:
268:
265:
263:
261:
260:
245:
243:
239:
237:
233:
232:
229:
224:
221:
219:
217:
216:
109:. In addition,
99:
75:
74:
73:
72:
71:
12:
11:
5:
3846:
3836:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3803:
3802:
3793:(2): 288–341,
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3768:
3759:
3746:
3737:
3732:
3719:
3714:
3706:Norman England
3701:
3699:(2nd ed.)
3692:
3683:
3674:
3669:
3656:
3647:
3625:
3613:
3608:
3588:
3583:
3569:
3568:
3567:
3561:
3560:
3558:Ormerod (1882)
3551:
3517:
3479:
3447:
3438:
3366:
3330:
3298:
3268:
3250:
3235:
3205:
3167:
3129:
3102:
3068:
3059:
3047:
3017:
2987:
2961:
2952:
2943:
2934:
2925:
2916:
2907:
2898:
2889:
2815:
2787:
2773:
2743:
2703:
2673:
2641:
2609:
2575:
2545:
2511:
2477:
2468:
2456:
2423:
2414:
2402:
2390:
2362:
2332:
2299:
2290:
2267:
2258:
2249:
2237:
2228:
2219:
2210:
2201:
2192:
2183:
2174:
2165:
2156:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2138:
2133:
2127:
2124:Mow Cop Castle
2121:
2116:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2083:
2074:
2065:
2056:
2047:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2022:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2003:
2001:
1992:
1985:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1967:
1964:Chester Castle
1957:
1950:
1948:
1944:Chester Castle
1937:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1918:
1916:
1909:
1902:
1900:
1896:Beeston Castle
1894:
1887:
1885:
1882:Aldford Castle
1879:
1872:
1867:
1866:
1850:
1847:
1841:
1838:
1822:53.392; -2.576
1791:
1785:
1784:
1768:
1765:
1759:
1756:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1695:
1689:
1686:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1625:
1619:
1616:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1551:
1548:
1542:
1539:
1529:Pulford Castle
1492:
1490:Pulford Castle
1486:
1485:
1481:
1478:
1472:
1469:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1405:
1402:
1386:53.259; -2.518
1355:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1335:
1332:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1266:
1263:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1202:
1196:
1193:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1123:
1120:
1114:
1111:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1050:
1044:
1041:
994:
988:
987:
972:
969:
963:
960:
909:
903:
902:
891:
888:
882:
879:
832:
826:
825:
809:
806:
800:
797:
750:
744:
743:
735:
732:
726:
723:
676:
670:
669:
662:Warwick Castle
649:
646:
640:
637:
627:Chester Castle
590:
588:Chester Castle
584:
583:
572:
569:
563:
560:
513:
507:
506:
462:
459:
453:
450:
440:Beeston Castle
403:
401:Beeston Castle
397:
396:
392:
389:
383:
380:
370:Aldford Castle
333:
331:Aldford Castle
327:
326:
323:
320:
317:
314:
311:
304:
301:
98:
95:
70:
69:
64:
59:
54:
48:
35:
34:
33:
24:Chester Castle
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3845:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3806:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3788:
3787:
3782:
3778:
3777:
3765:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3747:
3743:
3738:
3735:
3733:1-871731-51-8
3729:
3725:
3720:
3717:
3715:0-7134-8060-2
3711:
3707:
3702:
3698:
3693:
3689:
3684:
3680:
3675:
3672:
3670:0-901993-06-9
3666:
3662:
3657:
3653:
3648:
3644:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3626:
3623:
3619:
3614:
3611:
3609:0-7153-7976-3
3605:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3589:
3586:
3580:
3576:
3571:
3570:
3565:
3564:
3555:
3541:
3537:
3530:
3528:
3526:
3524:
3522:
3507:
3503:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3490:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3469:
3465:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3452:
3442:
3427:
3423:
3422:
3406:
3402:
3401:
3385:
3381:
3380:
3373:
3371:
3356:
3352:
3345:
3343:
3341:
3339:
3337:
3335:
3320:
3316:
3309:
3307:
3305:
3303:
3288:
3284:
3277:
3275:
3273:
3263:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3246:
3239:
3225:
3221:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3194:
3190:
3189:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3176:
3174:
3172:
3157:
3153:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3134:
3118:
3114:
3113:
3106:
3092:
3088:
3081:
3079:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3063:
3054:
3052:
3037:
3033:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3007:
3003:
2996:
2994:
2992:
2976:
2972:
2965:
2956:
2947:
2938:
2929:
2920:
2911:
2902:
2893:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2857:
2853:
2852:
2836:
2832:
2831:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2805:
2801:
2794:
2792:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2763:
2759:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2732:
2728:
2727:
2720:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2692:
2688:
2687:
2680:
2678:
2663:
2659:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2631:
2627:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2599:
2595:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2582:
2580:
2564:
2560:
2559:
2552:
2550:
2535:
2531:
2524:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2490:
2484:
2482:
2472:
2463:
2461:
2442:
2435:
2434:
2427:
2418:
2409:
2407:
2397:
2395:
2380:
2376:
2369:
2367:
2351:
2347:
2346:
2339:
2337:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2294:
2279:
2278:
2271:
2262:
2253:
2244:
2242:
2232:
2223:
2214:
2205:
2196:
2187:
2178:
2169:
2160:
2151:
2147:
2137:
2136:Welsh Marches
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2096:
2091:
2080:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2026:
2019:
2014:
2007:
2002:
1999:
1998:Buck brothers
1995:
1994:Halton Castle
1989:
1984:
1980:
1973:
1968:
1965:
1961:
1960:curtain walls
1954:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1940:Buck Brothers
1934:
1929:
1922:
1917:
1913:
1912:Buck Brothers
1906:
1901:
1897:
1891:
1886:
1883:
1876:
1871:
1870:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1848:
1842:
1839:
1834:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1760:
1757:
1752:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1699:
1696:
1690:
1687:
1682:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1629:
1626:
1620:
1617:
1612:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1559:Owain Glyndŵr
1556:
1552:
1549:
1543:
1540:
1535:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1482:
1479:
1477:13th century
1473:
1470:
1465:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1412:
1406:
1403:
1398:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1342:
1340:c. 1227
1336:
1333:
1328:
1322:Newhall Tower
1289:
1286:
1284:
1283:Newhall Tower
1281:
1280:
1276:
1273:
1267:
1264:
1259:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1203:
1197:
1194:
1189:
1183:Malpas Castle
1150:
1147:
1145:
1144:Malpas Castle
1142:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1107:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1054:
1051:
1045:
1042:
1037:
998:
995:
993:
990:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
970:
968:c. 1070
964:
961:
956:
950:Halton Castle
917:
913:
910:
908:
907:Halton Castle
905:
904:
900:
896:
892:
889:
883:
880:
875:
836:
833:
831:
828:
827:
823:
819:
815:
810:
807:
801:
798:
793:
754:
751:
749:
746:
745:
741:
736:
733:
727:
724:
719:
680:
677:
675:
672:
671:
667:
666:curtain walls
663:
658:
654:
650:
647:
641:
638:
633:
594:
591:
589:
586:
585:
581:
577:
573:
570:
568:15th century
564:
561:
556:
517:
514:
512:
509:
508:
504:
501:before being
500:
496:
492:
488:
487:Prince Edward
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
463:
460:
454:
451:
446:
407:
404:
402:
399:
398:
393:
390:
388:12th century
384:
381:
376:
337:
334:
332:
329:
328:
324:
321:
318:
315:
312:
309:
308:
300:
296:
258:
252:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
189:
187:
183:
179:
173:
171:
170:crenellations
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
142:
140:
135:
131:
127:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
94:
92:
88:
84:
80:
77:There are 20
68:
65:
63:
60:
58:
55:
53:
50:
49:
47:
46:
41:
40:OpenStreetMap
38:
29:
25:
20:
16:
3805:
3790:
3784:
3763:
3754:
3750:
3741:
3723:
3705:
3696:
3687:
3678:
3660:
3651:
3633:
3629:
3617:
3595:
3574:
3566:Bibliography
3554:
3543:, retrieved
3539:
3509:, retrieved
3505:
3471:, retrieved
3467:
3441:
3430:, retrieved
3426:the original
3420:
3409:, retrieved
3405:the original
3399:
3388:, retrieved
3384:the original
3378:
3358:, retrieved
3354:
3322:, retrieved
3318:
3290:, retrieved
3286:
3244:
3238:
3227:, retrieved
3223:
3197:, retrieved
3193:the original
3187:
3159:, retrieved
3155:
3121:, retrieved
3117:the original
3111:
3105:
3094:, retrieved
3090:
3062:
3039:, retrieved
3035:
3009:, retrieved
3005:
2978:. Retrieved
2974:
2964:
2955:
2946:
2937:
2928:
2919:
2910:
2901:
2892:
2881:, retrieved
2877:the original
2871:
2860:, retrieved
2856:the original
2850:
2839:, retrieved
2835:the original
2829:
2807:, retrieved
2803:
2765:, retrieved
2761:
2735:, retrieved
2731:the original
2725:
2695:, retrieved
2691:the original
2685:
2665:, retrieved
2661:
2633:, retrieved
2629:
2601:, retrieved
2597:
2567:, retrieved
2563:the original
2557:
2537:, retrieved
2533:
2502:. Retrieved
2496:
2471:
2448:, retrieved
2441:the original
2432:
2426:
2417:
2382:, retrieved
2378:
2354:, retrieved
2350:the original
2344:
2324:, retrieved
2320:
2293:
2282:, retrieved
2276:
2270:
2261:
2252:
2231:
2222:
2213:
2204:
2195:
2186:
2177:
2168:
2159:
2150:
2078:
2069:
2060:
2051:
2042:
2035:
1334:Tower house
1271:Before 1180
1131:Richard II's
1067:Macclesfield
984:Tudor period
897:, the first
725:Tower house
479:Lincolnshire
467:curtain wall
319:Constructed
195:, and 5 are
190:
174:
143:
100:
97:Introduction
76:
44:
43:
36:
27:
15:
3742:Old Runcorn
1855:Bewsey Hall
1820: /
1738: /
1668: /
1598: /
1521: /
1451: /
1384: /
1314: /
1245: /
1175: /
1093: /
1023: /
942: /
861: /
779: /
705: /
619: /
576:Legh family
542: /
432: /
362: /
282: /
238: /
182:Holt Castle
166:battlements
123:Anglo-Saxon
3812:Categories
3123:23 January
2883:21 January
2862:21 January
2142:References
1859:Burtonwood
1826: (
1804:53°23′31″N
1794:Warrington
1781:Edward III
1772:escarpment
1744: (
1722:53°13′37″N
1674: (
1652:53°03′06″N
1604: (
1582:53°14′08″N
1527: (
1505:53°07′16″N
1457: (
1435:52°59′30″N
1390: (
1368:53°15′32″N
1320: (
1298:53°00′17″N
1251: (
1229:53°03′59″N
1181: (
1159:53°01′10″N
1099: (
1077:53°15′32″N
1029: (
1007:53°15′21″N
948: (
926:53°19′58″N
895:Hugh Lupus
867: (
845:53°17′32″N
785: (
763:53°08′27″N
731:1364–1403
711: (
689:53°01′10″N
679:Doddington
625: (
603:53°11′06″N
578:who owned
548: (
526:53°26′24″N
516:Burtonwood
452:Enclosure
438: (
416:53°07′40″N
368: (
346:53°07′49″N
288: (
266:53°13′17″N
244: (
222:53°05′29″N
213:Coddington
209:Lancashire
115:Lancashire
3757:: 134–145
1977:Ruins of
1807:2°34′34″W
1725:2°58′27″W
1655:2°50′37″W
1642:Shocklach
1585:2°29′21″W
1508:2°56′00″W
1459:Oldcastle
1438:2°47′34″W
1426:Oldcastle
1422:Oldcastle
1371:2°31′05″W
1358:Northwich
1301:2°34′55″W
1232:2°31′17″W
1162:2°45′57″W
1080:2°07′27″W
1010:2°41′59″W
929:2°41′40″W
848:2°43′46″W
805:Medieval
766:2°57′17″W
753:Dodleston
692:2°26′03″W
606:2°53′27″W
580:Lyme Park
529:2°38′47″W
499:Royalists
419:2°41′26″W
349:2°52′11″W
313:Location
290:Peel Hall
269:2°44′59″W
225:2°49′03″W
205:gazetteer
186:River Dee
154:ringworks
3636:: 1–24,
3594:(1980),
3432:12 April
3411:12 April
3390:12 April
3199:10 March
2980:11 April
2841:11 April
2737:10 April
2697:10 April
2569:10 April
2504:12 April
2450:17 March
2356:12 April
2087:See also
1712:Shotwick
1618:Unknown
1572:Davenham
1555:Henry IV
1471:Unknown
1265:Unknown
1219:Nantwich
980:Henry IV
881:Unknown
835:Frodsham
503:slighted
246:Mud Hill
87:Cheshire
2284:27 July
1946:in 1747
1495:Pulford
1288:Newhall
916:Runcorn
593:Chester
406:Beeston
336:Aldford
310:Castle
130:Normans
81:in the
79:castles
3730:
3712:
3667:
3606:
3581:
3545:15 May
3511:15 May
3473:15 May
3360:15 May
3324:15 May
3292:15 May
3229:15 May
3161:15 May
3096:15 May
3041:15 May
3011:15 May
2809:15 May
2767:15 May
2667:15 May
2635:15 May
2603:15 May
2539:15 May
2384:15 May
2326:15 May
1404:Motte
1195:Motte
1149:Malpas
1043:Motte
997:Manley
912:Halton
458:1220s
325:Notes
257:Manley
134:feudal
83:county
30:.1200.
2444:(PDF)
2437:(PDF)
1694:1100
1119:1398
887:1070
814:Lache
645:1070
489:from
316:Type
162:manor
139:manor
126:burhs
3728:ISBN
3710:ISBN
3665:ISBN
3604:ISBN
3579:ISBN
3547:2021
3513:2021
3475:2021
3434:2009
3413:2009
3392:2009
3362:2021
3326:2021
3294:2021
3231:2021
3201:2009
3163:2021
3125:2009
3098:2021
3043:2021
3013:2021
2982:2009
2885:2009
2864:2009
2843:2009
2811:2021
2769:2021
2739:2009
2699:2009
2669:2021
2637:2021
2605:2021
2571:2009
2541:2021
2506:2009
2452:2008
2386:2021
2358:2009
2328:2021
2286:2011
1958:The
1767:Yes
1697:Yes
1550:Yes
1204:Yes
1052:Yes
971:Yes
808:Yes
648:Yes
571:Yes
461:Yes
391:Yes
156:and
150:keep
3795:doi
3791:173
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1962:of
1942:of
1857:in
1849:No
1627:No
1480:No
1413:No
1343:No
1274:No
1129:of
1122:No
890:No
734:No
477:in
168:or
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85:of
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