284:), its visible manifestations and offense of soliciting are prohibited by law, however the police continue to tolerate bawdy houses. Many brothel owners turned themselves into owners of clandestine inns concentrated around French and American military barracks as well as in major cities. Whilst the law provided for the collection of prostitutes in "reception and outplacement centers", many continued their activities clandestinely.
408:: "There is no electricity. There is no coal. There is no wine. There are no potatoes and the victims are still waiting for a roof (...). Fleeing these depressing debates, the Parisian city councilors devote two long sessions to discuss the suppression of brothels (177 in the capital, around 1500 in France). M Marthe Richard, the well known spy opened the debate!"
279:
of the 3rd floor of 36, quai des Orfèvres since it emanated from Marthe
Richard, who was herself a prostitute until around 1915, when she wanted to make a clean sweep of her past. The police do not like the law because it risks depriving it of one of its sources of information (from the prostitutes).
235:
After the adoption of the law, Marthe
Richard ensured that article 5, which ended keeping national files on prostitution, in which she was still recorded, was enacted. These police records were replaced by a health and social file for prostitutes (law of 24 April 1946) in order to prevent prostitutes
242:
287:
Critics of French prostitution policy, such as
Mouvement du Nid, question how effective this was, its implementation, and whether it really closed the "maisons". For instance, they point to the presence of
240:
trying to evade the treatment of their disease. This law was little applied and was repealed on 28 July 1960, the date of French ratification of the United
Nations Convention of 2 December 1949 for the
227:. The closure of brothels takes effect from 6 November 1946. Withdrawing the administrative authorizations without compensation marked the end of legalisation and the start of a policy of abolitionism.
190:
219:
On 9 April 1946, MP Marcel
Roclore presented the report of the Committee on the Family, Population and Public Health, and concluded that the closure of brothels was necessary. The
1212:
209:
208:
Encouraged by this success, Marthe
Richard started a press campaign for a vote on a law generalising these measures to all France. It is supported by the "
223:
Pierre
Dominjon, member of the Ligue pour le relèvement de la moralité publique, tabled a proposal for a law which was voted on 13 April 1946 in the
678:
1217:
1197:
276:
612:
421:
Gouverner le crime: Les politiques criminelles françaises de la révolution au XXIème siècle - Tome 2 - Le temps des doutes 1920-2004
64:
1222:
567:
460:
671:
248:
Approximately 1,400 establishments were closed, including 195 in Paris (177 official establishments): the best known were
1248:
938:
1227:
721:
596:
561:
536:
489:
454:
429:
963:
716:
664:
237:
339:
245:. (France's late ratification of the convention was due to the existence of brothels in its colonial empire).
711:
1192:
289:
224:
314:
873:
158:
1145:
1140:
757:
639:
86:
29:
369:
49:"Dite Marthe Richard for closing houses of tolerance and strengthening the fight against proxeneism"
511:
988:
281:
1176:
953:
782:
397:
202:
198:
1028:
908:
701:
687:
182:
130:
898:
1207:
706:
620:
479:
201:, Charles Luizet, was authorised to close, without notice, the houses of prostitution in the
1120:
1059:
968:
1090:
1023:
1018:
978:
958:
913:
888:
883:
243:
Suppression of the
Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others
212:" (League of Social and Moral Action) and by the Minister of Public Health and Population,
8:
831:
220:
76:
1054:
1003:
1013:
943:
878:
852:
499:
893:
1166:
1100:
933:
742:
737:
592:
557:
532:
485:
450:
425:
1202:
1161:
1105:
1095:
1049:
983:
826:
752:
646:
257:
928:
401:
1075:
948:
923:
918:
586:
526:
419:
178:
973:
1171:
1115:
1110:
1008:
903:
772:
762:
280:
Prostitution was still a legal activity, only its organization, exploitation (
269:
213:
142:
1242:
998:
857:
847:
374:
1044:
747:
249:
186:
1080:
777:
656:
261:
993:
478:
Giusta, Ms Marina Della; Munro, Professor
Vanessa E (28 February 2013).
1085:
170:
40:
571:
464:
173:
as much as society, responsible in her view, of "organised and patent
787:
767:
481:
Demanding Sex: Critical
Reflections on the Regulation of Prostitution
265:
253:
528:
La prostitution: analyse juridique et choix de politique criminelle
424:(in French) (2004 ed.). Editions L'Harmattan. pp. 83–84.
293:
138:
157:
On 13 December 1945, Marthe Richard, elected councillor of the
134:
137:
that had been in force since 1804. It required the closure of
129:(Marthe Richard Law) of 13 April 1946 abolished the regime of
166:
146:
651:
La fermeture : 13 avril 1946, la fin des maisons closes
264:
but also the maisons d'abattage ("slaughterhouses") such as
174:
194:
554:
La Mondaine: Histoire et archives de la police des mœurs
197:. The proposal was voted and on 20 December 1945, the
1213:
Occupation of Saint-Nizier church by Lyon prostitutes
141:("maisons de tolérance"). The law bears the name of
444:
205:within 3 months (by 15 March 1946 at the latest).
1240:
640:Marthe Richard, l'aventurière des maisons closes
210:Ligue pour le relèvement de la moralité publique
445:Charbonneau, Nicolas; Guimier, Laurent (2010).
1218:Parisian Women in Algerian Costume (The Harem)
591:(in French). Editions du Rocher. p. 197.
18:1946 law that abolished prostitution in France
672:
169:brothels. In her speech, she did not attack
588:36, quai des Orfèvres: Des hommes, un mythe
477:
686:
679:
665:
370:"1946 : la fin du " French system ""
551:
471:
149:but not a parliamentary representative.
584:
524:
417:
396:On 19 December 1945, the editor of the
332:
1241:
1223:Prostitution in Impressionist painting
404:said in an article under the title of
363:
361:
306:
152:
1198:Brigade de répression du proxénétisme
660:
315:"A postwar heroine who fooled France"
312:
185:. She also reminded the council that
531:(in French). Harmattan. p. 89.
367:
145:, who was a municipal councillor of
358:
13:
14:
1260:
722:History of prostitution in France
717:Prostitution in Overseas France
631:
605:
578:
230:
964:Anne Françoise Elisabeth Lange
545:
518:
438:
411:
390:
368:Ripa, Yannick (January 2013).
275:This law caused smiles at the
165:a proposal for the closure of
1:
712:Chinese prostitution in Paris
418:Allinne, Jean-Pierre (2004).
313:Blume, Mary (3 August 2006).
299:
61:Loi n°46-685 du 13 avril 1946
1193:Bordel militaire de campagne
643:, La Librairie Vuibert, 2016
552:Willemin, VĂ©ronique (2009).
7:
841:Brothel owners & madams
447:Le Roman des Maisons Closes
159:4th arrondissement of Paris
10:
1265:
1249:Prostitution law in France
1228:Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital
1146:Syndicat du travail sexuel
1141:Les amis du bus des femmes
585:Frachon, Matthieu (2011).
163:Conseil municipal de Paris
87:National Assembly (France)
30:National Assembly (France)
1185:
1154:
1133:
1068:
1037:
866:
840:
819:
812:
796:
730:
694:
116:
108:
100:
92:
82:
72:
57:
35:
28:
23:
556:. Hoëbeke. p. 120.
525:Ouvrard, Lucile (2000).
346:(in French). 4 June 2018
1177:Rue Saint-Denis (Paris)
954:Marie-Madeleine Guimard
783:Palais Oriental (Reims)
406:Acquisition of Tartuffe
203:Department of the Seine
189:was complicit with the
1029:Theroigne de Mericourt
909:Anne Victoire Dervieux
702:Prostitution in France
688:Prostitution in France
653:, Robert Laffont, 1986
484:. Ashgate Publishing.
449:. Editions du Rocher.
183:regulated prostitution
181:, which benefits from
131:regulated prostitution
1208:Madelonnettes Convent
989:Marie-Louise O'Murphy
707:Prostitution in Paris
1091:Valtesse de La Bigne
1019:Marguerite Steinheil
959:Valtesse de La Bigne
914:Marie-Anne Detourbay
889:Marguerite Bellanger
1155:Red-light districts
899:Berthe de Courrière
874:Émilienne d'Alençon
832:Thierry Schaffauser
225:Chamber of Deputies
161:, presented to the
153:Build up to the law
77:Metropolitan France
65:"Online facsinilie"
1121:RĂ©taux de Villette
1060:RĂ©taux de Villette
1014:Apollonie Sabatier
969:Geneviève Lantelme
944:Marguerite Gourdan
879:Marguerite Alibert
853:Marguerite Gourdan
804:Loi Marthe Richard
758:L'Étoile de Kléber
617:mouvementdunid.org
613:"Mouvement du Nid"
398:Le Canard enchaîné
319:The New York Times
127:Loi Marthe Richard
73:Territorial extent
24:Loi Marthe Richard
1236:
1235:
1167:Bois de Vincennes
1129:
1128:
979:Ninon de l'Enclos
934:Marthe de Florian
884:Blanche d'Antigny
743:Aux Belles Poules
738:Brothels in Paris
290:military brothels
191:German occupation
124:
123:
1256:
1203:The French Woman
1172:Quartier Pigalle
1162:Bois de Boulogne
1106:Morgane Merteuil
1096:Caroline Lacroix
1055:François Spirito
1050:Hamida Djandoubi
1004:Olympe PĂ©lissier
827:Morgane Merteuil
817:
816:
753:La Fleur blanche
681:
674:
667:
658:
657:
647:Alphonse Boudard
625:
624:
623:on 27 July 2011.
619:. Archived from
609:
603:
602:
582:
576:
575:
549:
543:
542:
522:
516:
515:
509:
505:
503:
495:
475:
469:
468:
442:
436:
435:
415:
409:
394:
388:
387:
385:
383:
365:
356:
355:
353:
351:
340:"Marthe Richard"
336:
330:
329:
327:
325:
310:
277:Brigade Mondaine
258:La Fleur blanche
68:
21:
20:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1253:
1239:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1181:
1150:
1125:
1076:Fernande Barrey
1064:
1033:
1024:Thérésa Tallien
949:Catherine Grand
939:Eugénie Fougère
924:Marie Duplessis
919:Madame du Barry
894:Jeanne Brécourt
862:
836:
808:
792:
726:
690:
685:
637:Natacha Henry,
634:
629:
628:
611:
610:
606:
599:
583:
579:
564:
550:
546:
539:
523:
519:
507:
506:
497:
496:
492:
476:
472:
457:
443:
439:
432:
416:
412:
395:
391:
381:
379:
366:
359:
349:
347:
338:
337:
333:
323:
321:
311:
307:
302:
233:
179:organized crime
155:
83:Enacted by
63:
62:
53:
50:
45:
44:
19:
12:
11:
5:
1262:
1252:
1251:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1148:
1143:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1123:
1118:
1116:Marthe Richard
1113:
1111:Suzanne Muzard
1108:
1103:
1101:Jamila M'Barek
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1009:Liane de Pougy
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
904:Marion Delorme
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
870:
868:
864:
863:
861:
860:
855:
850:
844:
842:
838:
837:
835:
834:
829:
823:
821:
814:
810:
809:
807:
806:
800:
798:
794:
793:
791:
790:
785:
780:
775:
773:Maison Souquet
770:
765:
763:Lanterne Verte
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
734:
732:
728:
727:
725:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
698:
696:
692:
691:
684:
683:
676:
669:
661:
655:
654:
644:
633:
630:
627:
626:
604:
597:
577:
562:
544:
537:
517:
508:|website=
490:
470:
455:
437:
430:
410:
389:
357:
331:
304:
303:
301:
298:
270:Lanterne Verte
232:
229:
214:Robert Prigent
199:police prefect
154:
151:
143:Marthe Richard
122:
121:
114:
113:
112:Marthe Richard
110:
106:
105:
102:
98:
97:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
59:
55:
54:
52:
51:
48:
38:
37:
36:
33:
32:
26:
25:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1261:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1134:Organisations
1132:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
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1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
999:Justine Paris
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
929:Rosalie Duthé
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
871:
869:
865:
859:
858:Justine Paris
856:
854:
851:
849:
848:Madame Claude
846:
845:
843:
839:
833:
830:
828:
825:
824:
822:
818:
815:
811:
805:
802:
801:
799:
795:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
735:
733:
729:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
699:
697:
693:
689:
682:
677:
675:
670:
668:
663:
662:
659:
652:
648:
645:
642:
641:
636:
635:
622:
618:
614:
608:
600:
598:9782268004921
594:
590:
589:
581:
573:
569:
565:
563:9782842303594
559:
555:
548:
540:
538:9782738493989
534:
530:
529:
521:
513:
501:
493:
491:9781409496175
487:
483:
482:
474:
466:
462:
458:
456:9782268069906
452:
448:
441:
433:
431:9782296369917
427:
423:
422:
414:
407:
403:
402:Pierre BĂ©nard
399:
393:
377:
376:
371:
364:
362:
345:
341:
335:
320:
316:
309:
305:
297:
295:
291:
285:
283:
278:
273:
271:
267:
263:
259:
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228:
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217:
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180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
150:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
119:
115:
111:
109:Introduced by
107:
104:14 April 1946
103:
99:
96:13 April 1946
95:
91:
88:
85:
81:
78:
75:
71:
66:
60:
56:
47:
46:
43:
42:
34:
31:
27:
22:
16:
1045:Paul Carbone
974:MĂ©ry Laurent
803:
748:Le Chabanais
650:
638:
632:Bibliography
621:the original
616:
607:
587:
580:
553:
547:
527:
520:
480:
473:
446:
440:
420:
413:
405:
392:
380:. Retrieved
373:
348:. Retrieved
343:
334:
322:. Retrieved
318:
308:
286:
274:
250:Le Chabanais
247:
234:
231:Consequences
218:
207:
187:prostitution
162:
156:
126:
125:
117:
39:
15:
1081:Zahia Dehar
1069:Prostitutes
984:LĂ©onie LĂ©on
778:One-Two-Two
378:(in French)
296:till 1960.
262:One-Two-Two
171:prostitutes
1086:Jean Genet
867:Courtesans
572:2842303598
465:2268069907
375:L'Histoire
300:References
175:debauchery
41:Long title
820:Activists
788:Le Sphinx
768:Le Fourcy
510:ignored (
500:cite book
344:France-TV
282:procuring
266:Le Fourcy
254:Le Sphinx
101:Commenced
1243:Category
994:La PaĂŻva
731:Brothels
695:Overview
268:and the
139:brothels
120:In force
58:Citation
294:Algeria
236:with a
193:during
118:Status:
93:Enacted
813:People
595:
570:
560:
535:
488:
463:
453:
428:
382:5 June
350:4 June
324:4 June
221:deputy
177:" and
135:France
1186:Other
1038:Pimps
167:Paris
147:Paris
593:ISBN
568:ASIN
558:ISBN
533:ISBN
512:help
486:ISBN
461:ASIN
451:ISBN
426:ISBN
384:2018
352:2018
326:2018
797:Law
292:in
238:STI
195:WW2
133:in
1245::
649:,
615:.
566:.
504::
502:}}
498:{{
459:.
400:,
372:.
360:^
342:.
317:.
272:.
260:,
256:,
252:,
216:.
680:e
673:t
666:v
601:.
574:.
541:.
514:)
494:.
467:.
434:.
386:.
354:.
328:.
67:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.