29:
240:
258:
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63:
1909:
47:
527:, as in most traditional Japanese buildings, provided a great degree of versatility; doors could be opened and closed or removed entirely to alter the number, size, and shape of rooms to suit the needs of the moment. Typically, however, the remainder of the building might be arranged to create smaller rooms, including an entrance hall or foyer (
666:
homes traditionally also made use of different types of screens which would be changed with the seasons; woven bamboo screens used in summer allowed air to flow through, but helped to block the sun. The open air garden courtyards likewise aided in air circulation and brought light into the house.
1305:
Japanese families, particularly in more traditional homes, typically have a small
Buddhist altar within the home, often surrounded with or located near photos of deceased family members. When this is located in its own separate room, that room is called a
1038:
are considered to be difficult and expensive to maintain, are subject to greater risk of damage from fires or earthquakes than modern buildings, and are considered old-fashioned and outdated by some. In a survey conducted in 2003, over 50% of
332:
incorporate earthen walls and baked tile roofs, and are typically one, one and a half or two stories high, occasionally stretching to three stories. The front of the building traditionally served as the retail or shop space, known as
658:) could be added or removed to moderate the temperature inside; closing all the screens in the winter would offer some protection from the cold, while opening them all in the summer offered some respite from the heat and humidity.
1032:, despite their status as part of Japan's cultural heritage, have undergone rapid decline in numbers in recent decades, with many being demolished in order to provide space for new buildings. Many reasons for this decline exist;
1060:
in Kyoto were demolished. Roughly forty percent of those demolished were replaced with new modern houses, and another 40% were replaced with high-rise apartment buildings, parking lots, or modern-style commercial shops Of those
1165:; under this designation, the structures are protected from demolition without the permission of the mayor of Kyoto, and a stipend is provided by the city government to the owners of the
750:
houses), and liquor stores, among others, each had their own distinctive style of latticework. The types or styles of latticework are still today known by names using shop types, such as
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have also lost their tile roofs, becoming more boxed-out in shape; many have also had aluminum or steel shutters installed, as are commonly seen in small urban shops around the world.
2616:
2919:
1640:
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neighborhood, for example, is famous for its textiles; sharing a craft contributed greatly to a sense of community among fellow textile merchants in this area.
364:, typically having sliding or folding shutters that could open to display goods and wares. The plot's width was traditionally an index of wealth, and typical
1015:) in between the homes, help to create a strong sense of community. In addition, many areas were traditionally defined by a single craft or product. The
2904:
1614:
The
Herbert Offen Research Collection of the Phillips Library at the Peabody Essex Museum, and important research collection in regards to Machiya
1608:
506:, located in the rear of the main building and looking out over the garden which separated the main house from the storehouse, was known as the
2914:
2909:
2899:
1633:
642:
was also well-suited for the climate of Kyoto; with cold winters and often exceedingly-hot, humid summers, multiple layers of sliding doors (
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remaining in Kyoto. Many are private residences, while others operating as businesses, notably cafes, and a few are museums. The largest
314:
is a long wooden home with narrow street frontage, stretching deep into the city block and often containing one or more small courtyard
1626:
1000:. Small neighborhoods made up of closely grouped homes organized on both sides of a narrow street, sometimes with small alleyways (
299:, formed the defining characteristic of downtown Kyoto architecture for centuries, representing the standard defining form of the
1603:
1593:
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to help support the upkeep of the building. Many of these restored buildings serve, at least in part, as community centers.
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remaining, over 80% have suffered significant losses to the traditional appearance of their façades. Roughly 20% of Kyoto's
2891:
1110:, but their façades have been completely covered over in cement, which replaces the wooden lattices of the first story and
1613:
633:), floats, and other things needed for the festival, as well as hosting spectators along the festival's parade route.
370:
plots would be just 5.4 to 6 metres (18 to 20 ft) wide but 20 metres (66 ft) deep, leading to the nickname
2959:
2799:
2829:
1549:
1143:
Fund, was established in 2005 with the backing of a Tokyo-based benefactor. The group works alongside individual
521:, and doubled as a reception room for special guests or clients. The sliding doors which made up the walls in a
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2054:
1852:
2804:
2745:
2090:
1572:
1344:
This could also be translated as "Structures of
Skyline Importance" or "Structures of Scenic Importance."
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1190:
which it restored, maintains, and rents to travelers. The company's main office, itself located in a
1868:
1578:
28:
1693:
1175:
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was generally used only to transport goods, or large objects, into the building, while the smaller
812:. These lattices sometimes jut out from the front of the building, in which case they are known as
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owners to restore their buildings and to have them designated as "Structures of Scenic
Importance"
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numbers, however, some groups have formed with the express aim of restoring and protecting the
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33:
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is generally not made of wood, but of earthwork, with a distinctive style of window known as
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Behind the shop space, the remainder of the main building would be divided into the
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967:, or 'side door', was for normal, everyday use, i.e. for people to enter and exit.
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latticework on the ground floor, earthwork walls on the second story with
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Iori, a company founded by art collector, writer, and cultural activist
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1941:
1370:(京町家の再生). Kyoto: Kyoto Center for Community Collaboration, 2008. p10.
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One occasion when rooms would be altered significantly is during the
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could be translated as 'town construction' or 'community building'.
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732:, the styles of which were once indicative of the type of shop the
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606:(folding screen) paintings and other artworks and heirlooms in the
46:
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Kyoto Center for
Community Collaboration (京都市景観・まちづくりセンター)(eds.)
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also provided space for costumes, decorations, portable shrines (
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windows and earthwork walls of the second story. Many of these
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residents noted that it is financially difficult to maintain a
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Façade of a shop in the historic
Matsuyama merchant quarter of
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119:('farm dwellings') constitute the two categories of Japanese
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410:, composed of divided rooms with raised timber floors and
1480:"Kyomachiya townhouses are full of interesting features!"
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227:, depending on the kanji used to express it.
19:For the train and tram station in Tokyo, see
1556:." Alex-Kerr.com. Accessed 19 November 2008.
589:, both of which mean simply 'central room'.
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1486:. Leaf Publications Co. Ltd. 21 March 2017
1362:
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1137:found in Kyoto. One such institution, the
738:held. Silk or thread shops, rice sellers,
103:and typified in the historical capital of
1457:
849:communities) were frequently painted in
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256:
238:
143:and continued to develop through to the
61:
45:
27:
1357:
1054:Between 1993 and 2003, over 13% of the
975:often contain small courtyard gardens.
2937:
1073:have been altered in a process called
161:, a class collectively referred to as
1622:
1594:Sugimoto Residence -- A Kyoto Machiya
16:Traditional Japanese wooden townhouse
875:The façade of the second story of a
988:communities can be compared to the
497:, bringing light into the kitchen.
489:above the kitchen would serve as a
13:
670:
500:The largest residential room in a
14:
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1609:Japan Visitor -- Kyoto Townhouses
1562:
1104:, retaining the basic shape of a
2800:Architectural Institute of Japan
1907:
2830:Groups of Traditional Buildings
1569:Virtual Tour of a Kyoto Machiya
1539:
1527:
1498:
1472:
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1315:
275:into the row of rooms alongside
1589:Traditional Kyoto architecture
1575:(which shipped it from Japan).
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1397:
1385:
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1125:In response to the decline in
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1:
2805:Japan Institute of Architects
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715:features wooden lattices, or
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36:, is an example of a large
10:
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1604:JNTO site -- Kyoto Machiya
827:. Normally unpainted, the
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1573:Boston Children's Museum
1534:Machiya Revival in Kyoto
1522:Machiya Revival in Kyoto
1505:Machiya Revival in Kyoto
1467:Machiya Revival in Kyoto
1452:Machiya Revival in Kyoto
1440:Machiya Revival in Kyoto
1428:Machiya Revival in Kyoto
1416:Machiya Revival in Kyoto
1404:Machiya Revival in Kyoto
1392:Machiya Revival in Kyoto
1380:Machiya Revival in Kyoto
1368:Machiya Revival in Kyoto
1292:
305:throughout the country.
2960:Vernacular architecture
1119:kanban kenchiku machiya
121:vernacular architecture
95:are traditional wooden
32:The Tōmatsu house from
2171:Structural and spatial
1579:Kyoto Machiya Resource
1160:keikan jūyō kenzōbutsu
1084:signboard architecture
706:
276:
267:over the wood-floored
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2945:Architecture in Japan
1651:Japanese architecture
678:
420:would also feature a
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178:is written using two
65:
49:
31:
1707:Imperial Crown Style
1312:, or "Buddha space."
1178:in 2004 to save old
131:('folk dwellings').
2810:Metabolist Movement
1484:Why KYOTO? Magazine
1184:, owns a number of
1140:Machiya Machizukuri
774:thread shop lattice
113:('townhouses') and
66:Old fabric shop in
34:Funairi-chō, Nagoya
2892:National Treasures
2707:Chōzuya (Temizuya)
1552:2009-01-25 at the
1228:, the traditional
905:insect cage window
707:
693:design, featuring
308:The typical Kyoto
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147:and even into the
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2266:Nightingale floor
2190:Disordered piling
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1922:Types of building
1903:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1584:Living in Machiya
1281:Kura (storehouse)
805:rice shop lattice
376:, or 'eel beds'.
169:('townspeople').
99:found throughout
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2955:Housing in Japan
2920:Other structures
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1649:Elements of
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1488:. Retrieved
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1220:in Kyoto is
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982:
969:
914:
884:mushiko mado
874:
841:(geisha and
784:komeya-gōshi
708:
660:
635:
595:Gion Matsuri
593:
591:
499:
473:
382:kyoshitsu-bu
378:
307:
278:
171:
149:Meiji period
141:Heian period
133:
75:
72:
25:
2950:House types
2507:Furnishings
2134:Roof styles
1536:. pp 56–57.
1524:. pp 42–43.
1507:. pp24, 27.
1323:Machizukuri
1113:mushikomado
1023:Destruction
753:itoya-gōshi
702:mushikomado
403:living room
318:, known as
2939:Categories
2905:Residences
2846:rock (Zen)
2617:Partitions
2351:Approaches
1862:Daibutsuyō
1800:Ishi-no-ma
1430:. pp13,16.
1352:References
1261:of Kyoto.
866:vermillion
562:naka no ma
357:shop space
336:mise no ma
287:kyōmachiya
261:View from
233:Kyōmachiya
210:, 'house')
145:Edo period
97:townhouses
55:façade in
2874:Wabi-sabi
2721:Ishigantō
2529:Emakimono
2464:Daidokoro
2457:Chashitsu
2438:Mihashira
2272:Onigawara
2252:Nakazonae
2091:Main Hall
2078:Hōkyōintō
1980:Religious
1942:Chashitsu
1913:Model of
1869:Ōbaku Zen
1835:Sumiyoshi
1782:Hiyoshi (
1751:Religious
1226:Shimabara
1176:Alex Kerr
979:Community
870:red ochre
837:hanamachi
577:oku no ma
322:tsuboniwa
248:over the
225:, 'shop')
195:, 'town')
172:The word
159:craftsmen
123:known as
2689:Tsuitate
2578:Mitamaya
2564:Kamidana
2550:Getabako
2522:Chabudai
2515:Butsudan
2497:Washitsu
2328:Tsumairi
2314:Tokonoma
2293:Tamagaki
2231:Katsuogi
2224:Katōmado
2154:Karahafu
2064:Butsuden
2055:Buddhist
1890:Zenshūyō
1876:Setchūyō
1853:Buddhist
1775:Hachiman
1550:Archived
1265:See also
1204:Examples
1017:Nishijin
955:kugurido
945:big door
621:omikoshi
495:skylight
477:hibukuro
438:tōriniwa
264:tōriniwa
251:tōriniwa
245:Hibukuro
2915:Temples
2910:Shrines
2900:Castles
2844: (
2728:Komainu
2714:Giboshi
2671: (
2661:Shitomi
2640:Jinmaku
2599:Zabuton
2585:Oshiire
2571:Kotatsu
2491:Toilets
2435: (
2390:Nijūmon
2376:Karamon
2203:Hisashi
2161:Mokoshi
2147:Irimoya
1956:Machiya
1929:Secular
1828:Shinmei
1814:Kibitsu
1793:Irimoya
1768:Azekura
1727:Shinden
1701:Hirairi
1673:Azekura
1665:Secular
1571:at the
1309:butsuma
1248:
1217:machiya
1211:machiya
1200:stage.
1193:machiya
1187:machiya
1181:machiya
1168:machiya
1154:景観重要建造物
1146:machiya
1134:machiya
1128:machiya
1107:machiya
1078:
1070:machiya
1064:machiya
1057:machiya
1048:machiya
1042:machiya
1035:machiya
1029:Machiya
998:Beijing
985:Machiya
972:Machiya
939:
918:machiya
899:
878:machiya
872:color.
852:bengara
815:degōshi
799:
768:
735:machiya
712:machiya
690:machiya
663:Machiya
639:machiya
615:Machiya
609:machiya
547:butsuma
524:machiya
509:zashiki
503:machiya
491:chimney
452:kitchen
417:Machiya
397:
367:machiya
351:
329:Machiya
316:gardens
311:machiya
302:machiya
294:京町家/京町屋
281:Machiya
175:machiya
154:Machiya
136:Machiya
110:Machiya
76:Machiya
52:Machiya
39:machiya
2860:Ryokan
2853:Kumiko
2682:Sudare
2633:Fusuma
2557:Kamado
2471:Mizuya
2418:Sanmon
2397:Niōmon
2362:Genkan
2307:Tenshu
2300:Tatami
2259:Namako
2238:Kuruwa
2196:Engawa
2141:Hidden
2116:Tahōtō
2096:Pagoda
2018:Honden
2011:Hokora
2004:Heiden
1997:Haiden
1988:Shinto
1970:Yagura
1936:Castle
1842:Taisha
1821:Nagare
1807:Kasuga
1759:Shinto
1741:Sukiya
1713:Jutaku
1694:Giyōfū
1687:Gassho
1658:Styles
1490:8 July
1469:. p32.
1454:. p22.
1442:. p14.
1418:. p37.
1406:. p11.
1394:. p16.
1382:. p18.
1232:yūkaku
1222:Sumiya
992:hutong
748:geisha
683:city,
646:fusuma
531:genkan
412:tatami
271:engawa
165:chōnin
2867:Sentō
2776:Shaku
2674:washi
2668:Shōji
2654:Noren
2647:Kichō
2626:Byōbu
2592:Tansu
2543:Futon
2485:Shoin
2478:Nando
2449:Rooms
2432:Torii
2425:Sōmon
2411:Sandō
2404:Rōmon
2369:Kairō
2348:Gates
2335:Shibi
2321:Tokyō
2286:Sōrin
2279:Ranma
2217:Irori
2184:Chigi
2109:Shōrō
2085:Kyōzō
2044:Torii
2025:Kofun
1963:Minka
1734:Shoin
1720:Omoya
1330:まちづくり
1293:Notes
1273:Minka
1240:遊廓/遊郭
996:s of
845:oiran
830:kōshi
742:okiya
719:kōshi
696:kōshi
654:shōji
602:byōbu
185:machi
180:kanji
127:minka
105:Kyoto
101:Japan
57:Kyoto
2881:Yabo
2762:Koku
2735:Tōrō
2606:Zafu
2536:Furo
2261:wall
2245:Moya
1949:Kura
1883:Wayō
1680:Buke
1547:Iori
1492:2020
1245:lit.
1093:看板建築
1075:lit.
1003:roji
936:lit.
924:ō-do
896:lit.
864:, a
796:lit.
791:米屋格子
765:lit.
760:糸屋格子
650:and
574:and
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