327:, or deposits or causes to be deposited any matter or thing to be sent or delivered by any private or commercial interstate carrier, or takes or receives therefrom, any such matter or thing, or knowingly causes to be delivered by mail or such carrier according to the direction thereon, or at the place at which it is directed to be delivered by the person to whom it is addressed, any such matter or thing, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both. If the violation occurs in relation to, or involving any benefit authorized, transported, transmitted, transferred, disbursed, or paid in connection with, a Presidential declared major disaster or emergency (as those terms are defined in section 102 of the
419:
foreign commerce, any writings, signs, signals, pictures, or sounds for the purpose of executing such scheme or artifice, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both. If the violation occurs in relation to, or involving any benefit authorized, transported, transmitted, transferred, disbursed, or paid in connection with, a presidentially declared major disaster or emergency (as those terms are defined in section 102 of the Robert T. Stafford
Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act ( 42 U.S.C. 5122 )), or affects a financial institution, such person shall be fined not more than $ 1,000,000 or imprisoned not more than 30 years, or both.
437:
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554:(1970) involves Regent which was a company that sold orders over a telephone. Regent representatives would exaggerate their office products over the phone. The United States government charged the company with wire fraud. The company's salesmen were accused of making "false pretenses" over the phone. The
631:
to encompass "everything designed to defraud by representations as to the past or present, or suggestions and promises as to the future." Lower courts have progressively expanded this ruling, finding that the law "puts its imprimatur on the accepted moral standards and condemns conduct which fails to
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or spurious coin, obligation, security, or other article, or anything represented to be or intimated or held out to be such counterfeit or spurious article, for the purpose of executing such scheme or artifice or attempting so to do, places in any post office or authorized depository for mail matter,
423:
Briefly, anyone trying to defraud other people or groups through any form of telecommunication, or through writing, signs, pictures or sounds can be punished with a maximum prison sentence of 20 years. If the fraud involves a financial institution, the maximum fine is raised to 1 million US dollars
618:
Martin McGee, also known as "The Top Sleuth" or "Mr. Mail Fraud", led his department in exposing and prosecuting numerous mail fraud swindles such as land sales, phony advertising practices, insurance rip-offs, and fraudulent charitable organizations that used the mail to facilitate their illegal
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Whoever, having devised or intending to devise any scheme or artifice to defraud, or for obtaining money or property by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations, or promises, transmits or causes to be transmitted by means of wire, radio, or television communication in interstate or
335:
Thus, anyone trying to defraud another individual or group through items of value, e.g., money, through the US mail system or a private mail delivery service and those knowingly participating in that fraud will be punished with a fine and/or prison sentence that cannot be longer than 20 years.
645:
to narrow the scope of the mail and wire fraud statutes, ruling that the statute pertained only to schemes to defraud victims of tangible property, including money. In 1988, Congress enacted a new law that specifically criminalized schemes to defraud victims of "the intangible right of honest
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Whoever, having devised or intending to devise any scheme or artifice to defraud, or for obtaining money or property by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations, or promises, or to sell, dispose of, loan, exchange, alter, give away, distribute, supply, or furnish or procure for
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has power to regulate) and does require that the mailing cross at least one state line into another state; wire fraud has been expanded by
Congress to include foreign wire communication or interstate connections via (e.g.) an e-mail server or telephone switch or radio communication.
579:(2016), female nightclub employees would pose as tourists, engage with potential customers, and lure them into nightclubs owned by Takhalov. The employees would express romantic interest in the customers and not reveal that they were club employees. The
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523:) which must originate in one state, and successfully terminate pursuant to the address label inside another state, a transportation that is termed "interstate" (over which
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However, for such acts during a
Presidential declared major disaster or emergency, the prison sentence can be as long as 30 years and the fine as great as $ 1,000,000.
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For the purposes of this chapter, the term "scheme or artifice to defraud" includes a scheme or artifice to deprive another of the intangible right of honest services.
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331:(42 U.S.C. 5122)), or affects a financial institution, such person shall be fined not more than $ 1,000,000 or imprisoned not more than 30 years, or both.
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542:(1987), the Supreme Court held that 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341 and 1343 did not reach honest services fraud. Congress responded by passing 18 U.S.C. § 1346. In
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match the 'reflection of moral uprightness, of fundamental honesty, fair play and right dealing in the general and business life of members of society
97:
636:". As interpreted, these requirements are not difficult to meet; the Justice Department claims to defer federal prosecution for petty local fraud.
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ruled that
Takhalov deceived their customers, but this deception didn't amount to defrauding the customers under the Wire Fraud statute.
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568:, 1967), involved a real estate advertisement mail fraud. The defendant stated that as a salesman he had engaged in
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693:, top-10 U.S. wholesale mortgage lending firm that ceased business following multibillion-dollar fraud revelations
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are a 20th-century example of mail fraud. Ponzi was charged with the U.S. federal crime of mail fraud.
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The scope of 18 U.S.C. §1341 and 18 U.S.C. §1343 is broad. These statutes have been held by the
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Mail fraud applies only to United States domestic mailings and use of interstate carriers (
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ruled that the "repugnant" conduct of the company did not amount to criminality.
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are terms used in the United States to describe the use of a physical (e.g., the
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548:(2010), the Court construed § 1346 to apply only to bribes and kickbacks.
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Mail and Wire Fraud: An
Abbreviated Overview of Federal Criminal Law
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provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject
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Robert T. Stafford
Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act
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Federal prosecution of public corruption in the United States
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Wire fraud was first defined in the United States in 1952.
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Mail fraud was first defined in the United States in 1872.
248:) or electronic (e.g., a phone, a telegram, a fax, or the
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In 1987, the
Supreme Court of the United States ruled in
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There are many types of mail fraud schemes, including
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by adding general information and discuss at the
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United States Court of
Appeals for the Second Circuit
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and prison sentence not more than 30 years, or both.
1072:, 380 F.2d 665 (5th Cir. 1967).
347:under Article I, Section 8 of the US Constitution.
323:any matter or thing to be sent or delivered by the
1781:United States v. Sun-Diamond Growers of California
1658:Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act
1108:is available for free viewing and download at the
493:There are three elements to mail and wire fraud:
2090:
1105:All the King's Men: Picking Up the Pieces (2006)
893:. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service
1088:, The Federal Mail Fraud Statute (Part I), 18
2104:United States federal public corruption crime
1608:
1131:
1022:
785:"18 U.S. Code § 1341 - Frauds and swindles"
66:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1615:
1601:
1138:
1124:
998:"United States Postal Inspection Service"
552:United States v. Regent Office Supply Co.
225:Learn how and when to remove this message
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
345:enumerated power to create a post office
202:of all important aspects of the article.
1025:"Martin McGee, former postal inspector"
880:
609:United States Postal Inspection Service
14:
2091:
198:Please consider expanding the lead to
1992:Congressional insider trading scandal
1596:
1119:
886:
586:
143:one specialized aspect of the subject
98:providing more context for the reader
1004:from the original on August 20, 2013
887:Doyle, Charles (February 11, 2019).
867:
865:
863:
431:
368:
267:
171:
127:
72:
31:
1027:. Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from
646:services" (honest services fraud).
27:Federal crimes in the United States
24:
1891:Unincorporated territory officials
1145:
427:
25:
2120:
1914:Alaska political corruption probe
1096:
1058: (U.S. Supreme Ct. 1896).
1023:Shu Shin Luh (January 17, 2000).
941:"949. PROOF OF FRAUDULENT INTENT"
860:
808:
789:LII / Legal Information Institute
47:This article has multiple issues.
1668:Foreign Extortion Prevention Act
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190:may be too short to adequately
55:or discuss these issues on the
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614:In the 1960s and 1970s, Chief
200:provide an accessible overview
13:
1:
1663:Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
1079:
597:fraud against older Americans
364:
263:
141:This article focuses only on
1949:Operation Mississippi Hustle
497:A mail or wire communication
7:
980:"United States v. Takhalov"
691:Taylor, Bean & Whitaker
649:
531:
488:
351:International reply coupons
10:
2125:
1832:Ciminelli v. United States
1816:McDonnell v. United States
1763:McCormick v. United States
1737:United States v. Helstoski
656:China Medical Technologies
466:
353:mailed by participants of
2065:
1997:Congressional Post Office
1982:
1974:Operation Tennessee Waltz
1899:
1866:
1856:Kousisis v. United States
1800:Skilling v. United States
1731:United States v. Brewster
1725:United States v. Nardello
1689:United States v. Germaine
1681:
1630:
1567:
1460:
1424:
1327:
1301:
1154:
927:Skilling v. United States
666:List of confidence tricks
577:United States v. Takhalov
562:Lustiger v. United States
545:Skilling v. United States
2109:Organized crime activity
2073:Public Integrity Section
1840:Percoco v. United States
1787:Fischer v. United States
1775:Salinas v. United States
1756:McNally v. United States
1743:United States v. Gillock
1718:United States v. Johnson
1704:Glasser v. United States
1069:Blachly v. United States
1051:Durland v. United States
930:, 30 S. Ct. 2896 (2010).
913:McNally v. United States
702:
642:McNally v. United States
622:
539:McNally v. United States
2078:Speech or Debate Clause
1969:Operation Silver Shovel
1848:Snyder v. United States
1808:Ocasio v. United States
1749:Dixson v. United States
1696:Burton v. United States
671:Making false statements
1954:Operation Plunder Dome
1824:Kelly v. United States
1793:Sabri v. United States
1769:Evans v. United States
916:, 483 U.S. 350 (1987).
486:
421:
333:
256:another, and are U.S.
1929:Operation Board Games
1711:United States v. Hood
1642:honest services fraud
1211:Intellectual property
945:Department of Justice
482:
469:Honest services fraud
416:
315:
2057:William J. Jefferson
1056:161 U.S. 306
947:. February 19, 2015.
815:Smithsonian Magazine
661:Email authentication
341:federal jurisdiction
149:improve this article
2099:Mail and wire fraud
2017:James A. Kelly, Jr.
1964:Operation Rocky Top
1638:Mail and wire fraud
811:"In Ponzi We Trust"
605:telemarketing fraud
595:, financial fraud,
246:U.S. Postal Service
94:improve the article
2007:Jack Abramoff CNMI
1959:Operation Pretense
1939:Operation Greylord
1559:White-collar crime
1425:Government-related
599:, sweepstakes and
587:Mail fraud schemes
504:to defraud someone
447:. You can help by
384:. You can help by
339:In mail fraud, US
283:. You can help by
2086:
2085:
2032:Oregon land fraud
1944:Operation G-Sting
1934:Operation Boptrot
1924:Operation Bid Rig
1876:Federal officials
1590:
1589:
1328:Financial-related
749:. Thomson Reuters
723:. Thomson Reuters
465:
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318:unlawful use any
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252:) mail system to
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16:(Redirected from
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2042:Salvatore DiMasi
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1155:Business-related
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1110:Internet Archive
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1053:
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1031:on June 10, 2014
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616:Postal Inspector
593:employment fraud
564:, 386 F.2d 132 (
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2037:Rod Blagojevich
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1881:State officials
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1673:Program bribery
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1520:honest services
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1102:The short film
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676:USA PATRIOT Act
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445:needs expansion
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1699:(1905, 1906)
1694:
1688:
1637:
1514:
1340:lottery scam
1273:Tech support
1263:Racketeering
1104:
1090:Duq. L. Rev.
1068:
1063:
1050:
1045:
1035:November 19,
1033:. Retrieved
1029:the original
1018:
1006:. Retrieved
992:
983:
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962:. Retrieved
953:
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921:
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895:. Retrieved
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882:
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818:. Retrieved
814:
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792:. Retrieved
788:
779:
763:
751:. Retrieved
746:
743:"Wire Fraud"
737:
725:. Retrieved
720:
717:"Mail Fraud"
711:
686:Sholam Weiss
681:Ponzi scheme
640:
638:
626:
619:activities.
613:
590:
581:11th Circuit
576:
574:
561:
560:
551:
550:
543:
537:
535:
514:
492:
483:
472:
453:
449:adding to it
444:
422:
417:
406:
403:
390:
386:adding to it
381:
349:
338:
334:
316:
305:
302:
289:
285:adding to it
280:
241:
237:
236:
221:
205:
189:
187:lead section
158:
147:Please help
142:
112:
103:
92:Please help
87:
63:
56:
50:
49:Please help
46:
29:
2047:Teapot Dome
1868:Convictions
1490:Faked death
1483:Superdollar
1461:Other types
1401:Overpayment
1367:Credit card
1335:Advance-fee
1241:Health care
1092:771 (1980).
876:§ 1343
855:§ 1346
839:§ 1343
772:§ 1341
478:§ 1346
412:§ 1343
320:counterfeit
311:§ 1341
208:August 2024
2093:Categories
2002:Cunningham
1682:Precedents
1653:Travel Act
1544:Scientific
1406:Securities
1391:Mismarking
1357:Chargeback
1352:Bankruptcy
1191:Employment
1172:Disability
1080:References
697:Travel Act
480:provides:
456:April 2019
414:provides:
393:April 2019
365:Wire fraud
313:provides:
292:April 2019
264:Mail fraud
242:wire fraud
238:Mail fraud
161:April 2019
106:April 2019
52:improve it
18:Mail fraud
2022:Koreagate
1648:Hobbs Act
1437:Electoral
1381:Insurance
1319:Paternity
1309:Fertility
1246:fertility
1226:Long firm
1146:Types of
984:Case Text
897:March 26,
753:April 14,
727:April 14,
611:website.
511:deception
192:summarize
153:talk page
58:talk page
1984:Scandals
1631:Statutes
1582:Category
1468:Affinity
1442:Medicare
1396:Mortgage
1314:Marriage
1278:Slamming
1256:quackery
1231:Odometer
1216:Internet
1167:Cramming
1002:Archived
820:June 26,
794:June 26,
650:See also
566:9th Cir.
532:Case law
525:Congress
509:material
489:Elements
250:Internet
2052:Wedtech
1919:BRISPEC
1549:Spyware
1532:Romance
1495:Forgery
1473:Charity
1452:Welfare
1432:Benefit
1386:Lottery
1371:carding
1162:Billing
964:May 16,
747:Findlaw
721:Findlaw
570:puffery
254:defraud
2066:Topics
1909:Abscam
1859:(2025)
1851:(2024)
1843:(2023)
1835:(2023)
1827:(2020)
1819:(2016)
1811:(2016)
1803:(2010)
1795:(2004)
1789:(2000)
1783:(1999)
1777:(1997)
1771:(1992)
1765:(1991)
1759:(1987)
1751:(1984)
1745:(1980)
1739:(1979)
1733:(1972)
1727:(1969)
1721:(1966)
1713:(1952)
1707:(1942)
1691:(1879)
1362:Cheque
1288:Weight
1268:Return
1201:Fixing
1054:,
874:
853:
837:
770:
603:, and
502:intent
476:
410:
359:scheme
309:
1554:Vomit
1537:Bride
1376:Forex
1236:Phone
1186:Email
1148:fraud
703:Notes
623:Scope
521:FedEx
1572:list
1527:Scam
1505:Hoax
1447:Visa
1369:and
1347:Bank
1293:Wine
1196:Food
1177:Drug
1037:2012
1010:2013
966:2022
899:2019
822:2023
796:2023
755:2019
729:2019
240:and
2027:MBM
1416:Tax
1221:Job
575:In
536:In
517:UPS
451:.
388:.
357:'s
287:.
96:by
2095::
1179:/
1000:.
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943:.
862:^
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519:,
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
