631:
827:
3592:
75:
150:
84:
975:
180:
130:
1286:
Africa's
National Science Festival, was established in 1996 to promote the public awareness, understanding and appreciation of science, technology, engineering, mathematics and innovation. The town is also host to the Puku Story Festival since 2013 presented by the Puku Children's Literature Foundation. The festival was created in partnership with the National Arts Festival and the African Studies Department at Rhodes University with the aim to facilitate access to literature and educational/recreational materials in Xhosa.
210:
64:
95:
2173:
282:
819:
1300:
104:
639:
1833:
711:), launched an attack against the British garrison stationed at Grahamstown. The Xhosas had warned Colonel Willshire, the commanding officer, of their planned attack on the settlement. It was one of countless attacks launched on the nascent colony by the Xhosas. During the course of the battle, the British were running low on ammunition. The Xhosas, with a force of 10,000 troops under the overall command of
217:
187:
157:
1676:
1804:
report found that the municipality’s liabilities exceeded its assets by R813 million (equivalent to US$ 54.2 million) and that it has failed to keep full and proper records. By 2022 senior management was the subject of a criminal investigation and provincial government had to make quarterly reports to the
Supreme Court of Appeal on the municipality's financial recovery.
1962:(in layman's terms: a golden shield displaying, from top to bottom, three golden scallop shells on a black horizontal stripe, and three golden rings on a red triangle). The crest was changed to a plume of ostrich feathers issuing from a golden mural crown, and the supporters were differenced by placing an escallop on each shoulder.
1970:
In 2017, Makana Revive! an independent civil society organisation was formed. During the first quarter of 2018, Makana Revive made national news when it spearheaded an initiative to repair failing infrastructure and improve the security and hygiene in the CBD. Donations were received from both local
739:
and their families left farming to establish themselves in more secure trades. In 1833, Grahamstown was described as having "two or three
English merchants of considerable wealth, but scarcely any society in the ordinary sense of the word. The Public Library is a wretched affair". As of 1833, it was
1803:
was tasked with restoring the water supply of
Grahamstown following protests over a nine-day water outage. Causes for the outage include financial mismanagement, with under-spending on infrastructure. The task force established by Molewa had not solved the problem by 2014. A 2021 auditor-general's
1769:
for the Albany
District. As a result of the presence of a High Court, several other related organs of state such as a Masters Office and a Director of Public Prosecutions are present in the town. A few other Government (mostly provincial) departments maintain branches or other offices in the town.
790:
The name "Grahamstown" originated from the Cape
Hottentot Corps in the Zuurveld's Commander of the Regiment, Colonel John Graham, who, in June 1812, oversaw the construction on the corps' new headquarters, located on the site of the present Church Square. Grahamstown went on to become a religious,
774:
Grahamstown grew rapidly to become the second-largest city in South Africa after Cape Town until 1930. The early 1860s saw the development of more schools, the botanical gardens, and the
Eastern District Supreme Court was established. In 1864, a full parliamentary session was held in Grahamstown,
1742:
the
Grahamstown High Court became a Local Division of the newly formed Supreme Court of South Africa (under Cape Town). On 28 June 1957, the Eastern Districts Court, under the name Eastern Cape Division, became a provincial division. In certain other areas of provincial government, Grahamstown
1285:
in the first term of the year and attracts some 50,000 people. The
National Arts Festival is the largest Arts festival in Africa and sees some of the leading talent on the South African and international art scene arriving in the town for a celebration of culture and artistic expression. South
955:
in the past two decades have sparked a global interest in the fossils of the
Eastern Cape Province and this has resulted in numerous international collaborations. These discoveries and collaborations have been made possible by the persistent work of Robert W. Gess of the Devonian Ecosystem
857:, Baptist, Pinkster Protestante, Dutch Reformed (Nederduits Gereformeerde Kerk), Charismatic, Apostolic and Pentecostal churches. There are also meeting places for Hindus, Scientologists, Quakers, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and Muslims.
3471:
798:
Arts and Culture Minister Nathi Mthethwa announced the name change from Grahamstown in the Government Gazette No. 641 of 29 June 2018. The purpose of gazetting was to publicise the minister's decision for objections or comments by 28 July 2018.
967:
still echoes in the provision of secondary education in this former frontier town, where significant discrepancies in matric pass rates and general quality of education exist. Addressing this problem is one of the town's greatest challenges.
775:
instead of Cape Town. There was talk of making Grahamstown the capital of the Cape Colony because of its central position. Grahamstown was the location of the testing of the first diamond find by Henry Carter Galpin.
1939:— In response to a call by the Cape Provincial Administration for municipalities to have their coats of arms checked and, if necessary, re-designed, the city council had a new coat of arms designed by
3013:
810:, in recognition of his failed attack against the settlement's garrison in 1819. On 2 October 2018, Grahamstown was officially renamed Makhanda in the memory of Makhanda, The Prophet.
806:
recommendation that geographic features, including geographical names, be renamed as a "symbolic reparation to address an unjust past", a proposal was for the town to be renamed after
689:
tactics, which included the burnings of Xhosa farms. By 1812, Graham had completed his assignment, and transformed Grahamstown into the central military outpost in the region.
3513:
2931:
1773:
Grahamstown was the only settlement outside Cape Town to host a sitting of the Cape Colony legislature (a move to defuse a call for the creation of a separate colony).
3968:
3576:
2883:
2400:
Gess, Robert W. (2002). "The Palaeoecology of a coastal Lagoon of the Witpoort Formation (Upper Devonian, Famennian) in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa".
3157:
2981:
3105:
3591:
242:
3506:
803:
778:
In 1904, Rhodes University College was established in Grahamstown through a grant from the Rhodes Trust. In 1951 it became a fully-fledged University,
658:. Initially Colonel Graham decided to establish his headquarters on the loan farm Noutoe, now known as Table Farm, but at the recommendation of Ensign
3023:
2778:"Estuarine fish and tetrapod evolution: insights from a Late Devonian (Famennian) Gondwanan estuarine lake and a southern African Holocene equivalent"
609:
The town's name-change from Grahamstown to Makhanda was officially gazetted on 29 June 2018. The town was officially renamed to Makhanda in memory of
2831:
2238:
940:
3978:
3071:
956:
Laboratory, Albany Museum, who has dedicated most of his life excavating and studying blocks of black shale that he, with later support from the
834:
2474:
3131:
2721:
971:
In March 1984, the City of Grahamstown adopted a flag, one of six designs prepared by heraldic expert Prof. Hugh Smith, of Rhodes University.
3973:
3499:
1975:
651:
995:
630:
117:
2735:
2446:
2420:
3909:
2286:
3491:
1901:
3476:
3256:"The medicinal use of some weeds, problem and alien plants in the Grahamstown and Peddie districts of the Eastern Cape, South Africa"
1873:
872:
to be forwarded to them from the Ordnance Stores. A reply came back, 'Buy vice locally'. The response was, "No vice in Grahamstown".
149:
3046:
2935:
1925:— The first arms were assumed in September 1862. They quartered an incorrect version of the arms of Graham of Fintry with those of
860:
The city is home to more than forty religious buildings and is nicknamed the "City of Saints". According to one story recorded by
2958:
2345:
1843:
1321:
1241:
1205:
1034:
1001:
1880:
1103:
1070:
2218:
1766:
1451:
1136:
944:
318:
1169:
2627:
2570:
881:
3603:
179:
3523:
1400:
1199:
507:
311:
2891:
1887:
1812:
In October 2015, more than 500 people were displaced and more than 300 shops looted during a wave of xenophobic violence.
826:
3548:
2243:
583:
2586:
2346:"DISA - Letter from the Town Clerk of the City of Grahamstown to the Secretary of the National Council of African Women"
1819:
because it is believed to be effective. There are some plants which are popular with the indigenous people of the area.
1500:
595:
591:
3330:
2688:
1869:
1525:
1347:
532:
3452:
3428:
1329:
2228:
1929:(in incorrect colours), with an ostrich as a crest. The supporters were a leopard and a giraffe, and the motto was
1550:
936:
868:
stationed in Grahamstown in 1846 who were in need of building tools. They sent a message to Cape Town requesting a
719:, were unable to overpower the garrison of some 300 men. Nxele surrendered and was taken captive and imprisoned on
666:. Construction on the new headquarters, located on the site of the present Church Square, thus began in June 1812.
2991:
74:
3963:
3958:
3404:
3369:
838:
3442:
3418:
1858:
1575:
1325:
1235:
932:
3306:
885:
678:
386:
209:
3739:
3714:
1816:
1786:
991:
The following is a list of tower clocks in the town, with their location and if they are in working order:
951:, and the Institute for the Study of English in Africa. A number of palaeontological discoveries made from
17:
3255:
2295:
The Royal Engineers and settlement planning in the Cape Colony 1806–1872: Approach, methodology and impact
952:
599:
129:
23:
This article is about the town in South Africa. For the prophet after whom the town has been renamed, see
2121:
1987:
1730:, a student initiative launched in 2007 that caters mainly to the student population living off-campus.
948:
499:
3521:
2371:
2266:
as it has a diocesan cathedral, a high court and a university, and in years past, it was officially the
3836:
1762:
579:
3079:
1894:
3869:
3802:
3183:
2186:
1993:
1793:
1782:
740:
estimated that the population of Grahamstown was approximately 6,000. In a few decades it became the
567:
563:
323:
306:
294:
3844:
3752:
3709:
3666:
1310:
768:
760:
3894:
3674:
3566:
2151:
2127:
1314:
2263:
1854:
1796:
was unable to reliably provide water to its citizens. The crisis continued to grow during 2013.
1722:
As a major centre for journalism training, Rhodes University also hosts two student newspapers,
1708:
659:
3937:
3932:
3889:
3849:
3787:
3747:
3611:
3447:
3423:
2223:
2208:
2087:
1940:
1278:
587:
83:
2644:
2096:- Judge, Retired President of the Supreme Court of Appeal and Chancellor of Rhodes University.
1428:(known variously before 1939 as Victoria Boys' High School and the Grahamstown Public School)
598:. Furthermore, located approximately 3 km south-east of the town lies the world renowned
3280:
2617:
2047:
1758:
1747:
1739:
698:
575:
2832:"2019 Archives - Fixing South Africa's public schools: lessons from a small-town university"
2777:
3704:
2191:
2099:
2057:
2035:
1960:
Or, on a pile Gules, three annulets placed 2 and 1 Or; on a chief Sable, three escallops Or
974:
792:
753:
408:
3106:"MAKHANDA CRISIS: Judge to oversee the financial recovery of 'failed' Makana Municipality"
756:, a district that was traditionally English-speaking and had a distinctive local culture.
8:
3826:
3556:
2178:
2029:
893:
791:
military, administrative, judicial, and educational centre for the surrounding region of
423:
412:
606:
site in the world from 360 million years ago with exceptional soft-tissue preservation.
3927:
3917:
3899:
3854:
3236:
2813:
2715:
2051:
1952:
1944:
807:
708:
614:
24:
3211:
OHalloran, P. (2016). "Contested Space and Citizenship in Grahamstown, South Africa".
1850:
1781:
Grahamstown had its own municipality until 2000. Since then, it has expanded into the
3729:
3374:
3240:
3228:
2986:
2817:
2805:
2797:
2684:
2623:
2566:
2233:
2213:
1716:
1691:
1681:
1064:
928:
884:
census the population of the town was 67,264, of whom 78.9% described themselves as "
850:
779:
571:
3343:
896:". Since 1994, there has been a considerable influx of black people from the former
116:: Makhanda seen from Fort Selwyn, City Hall, St Andrews College Tower, High Street,
3679:
3220:
2789:
2299:
2139:
2081:
2063:
2041:
2011:
1926:
1700:
916:
670:
472:
2705:
2560:
2534:
2499:
2332:
2328:
2133:
2118:– Physicist, born and educated in Grahamstown before moving to the United Kingdom
1948:
1695:
was founded in 1870 by the Grocott family, and bought out a newspaper called the
865:
846:
842:
520:
2293:
1689:
The town is home to the oldest surviving independent newspaper in South Africa.
3724:
2447:"Grahamstown to be renamed after late Xhosa warrior & philosopher Makhanda"
2103:
1425:
1282:
908:
904:
686:
450:
441:
2857:
2663:
3952:
3879:
3767:
3651:
3641:
3621:
3581:
3232:
3224:
2913:
2801:
2196:
2109:
2075:
2023:
1256:
1243:
1220:
1207:
1184:
1171:
1151:
1138:
1118:
1105:
1085:
1072:
1049:
1036:
1016:
1003:
736:
720:
257:
244:
2594:
662:
it was moved to the homestead of the loan farm De Rietfontein, belonging to
94:
63:
3864:
3859:
3821:
3782:
3699:
3694:
3527:
2809:
2759:
1999:
1996:– medical doctor, naturalist, geologist, and member of the Cape Parliament.
1712:
900:
861:
674:
610:
555:
551:
299:
287:
982:
that amateur astronomer Galpin inscribed on the floor of the Meridian Room
3884:
3792:
3772:
3626:
2005:
1800:
764:
741:
663:
655:
818:
3757:
3689:
3656:
3561:
2157:
2115:
716:
712:
704:
682:
647:
3379:
2793:
2562:
A Proper Degree of Terror: John Graham and the Cape's Eastern Frontier
2303:
3810:
3762:
3631:
2145:
2093:
2017:
964:
912:
854:
752:
in 1852. It was traditionally the capital and cultural centre of the
745:
724:
490:
461:
397:
1832:
1719:
School of Journalism and Media Studies, and still retains its name.
1299:
3719:
3646:
3616:
3571:
3538:
979:
889:
638:
559:
103:
3922:
3874:
3777:
3636:
2069:
749:
274:
3464:
3130:
Van Rensburg, K. J.; Erskog, M.; Mthonti, F. (29 October 2015).
1675:
558:. It is situated about 125 kilometres (80 mi) northeast of
3684:
3158:"Where poverty meets xenophobia: Grahamstown, a city in crisis"
2665:
Embassy to the Eastern Courts of Cochin-China, Siam, and Muscat
1751:
1679:
Thomas Henry Grocott 1838 to 1912 - founder and original owner
957:
897:
603:
495:
763:
began construction of the railway line linking Grahamstown to
822:
A view of St Michael and St George Cathedral in Church street
634:
Wesleyan Mission Premises, Graham's Town, South Africa (1846)
3486:
960:
has rescued from road cuttings from back in the mid- 1980s.
654:
as part of a campaign to secure the Eastern frontier of the
3481:
3018:
869:
49:
2148:– Prime Minister of Rhodesia, student at Rhodes University
1746:
In 1994, Grahamstown became part of the newly established
1711:'s treaty system and advocated seizing more land from the
3129:
2932:"A Quest for a Treaty Stockenstrom, Godlonton And Bowker"
2651:. Vol. 25. Philadelphia: E. Littell & T. Holden.
2643:
Littell, Eliakim; Walsh, Robert; Smith, John Jay (1834).
1685:
standing in front of the Grocott's Mail newspaper offices
1277:
Two large festivals take place annually in the town: the
771:
inland. It was completed and opened on 3 September 1879.
677:
living in the region led by Ndlambe ka Rharhabe from the
2959:"The Rules of Precedent Applied in South African Courts"
2736:"Grahamstown to be renamed Makhanda after Xhosa warrior"
2500:"Wesleyan Mission Premises, Graham's Town, South Africa"
2421:"Grahamstown to be renamed Makhanda after Xhosa warrior"
2298:(PhD thesis). University of Pretoria. pp. xlv–lii.
727:
in 1819, he tried to escape but drowned in the attempt.
3014:"Rhodes University faces closure due to water shortage"
2160:– Founder, South African National Library for the Blind
570:, and the seat of the municipal council. It also hosts
707:, under the leadership of Nxele (or the Xhosa prophet
646:
Makhanda was founded as Grahamstown in 1812 after the
2168:
2934:. New History of South Africa. 2010. Archived from
1743:similarly served as a centre for the Eastern Cape.
3132:"Xenophobia in Grahamstown: 'We are not leaving!'"
2475:"Here's why Grahamstown has been renamed Makhanda"
2044:- politician, author, owner of Grahamstown Journal
830:The interior of St Michael and St George Cathedral
16:"Grahamstown" redirects here. For other uses, see
3969:Populated places in the Makana Local Municipality
2649:The Museum of Foreign Literature, Science and Art
2642:
2136:– Physicist, was born and educated in Grahamstown
3950:
3206:
3204:
3047:"Protests unlikely to dent ANC support at polls"
2980:Dyongman, Loyiso; Lang, Steven (20 April 2012).
2395:
2393:
2239:South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity
2020:– Union rugby player and international cricketer
941:South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity
681:. During the campaign, which formed part of the
2683:. Cape Town: Human & Rousseau. p. 71.
2668:. New York: Harper & Brothers. p. 388.
2084:– Radio host, television presenter and comedian
669:As part of the campaign, Graham was ordered to
3331:The Rebellion of the Poor Comes to Grahamstown
3155:
2154:– television science and mathematics presenter
1715:. It is now a local newspaper operated by the
922:
562:and 160 kilometres (100 mi) southwest of
3507:
3247:
3201:
2881:
2775:
2589:General South African History Timeline: 1800s
2552:
2390:
3367:
3254:Dold, A. P.; Cocks, M. L. (September 2000).
3072:"Grahamstown not clear of water worries yet"
2979:
2776:Gess, Robert W.; Whitfield, Alan K. (2020).
2535:"Grahamstown | South African History Online"
2492:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2315:
2313:
1859:introducing citations to additional sources
650:as a military outpost by Lieutenant-Colonel
3595:Sarah Baartman District within South Africa
3342:Tabensky, Pedro Alexis (21 February 2011).
2609:
2469:
2467:
1707:had used it and his other papers to oppose
1328:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
986:
958:South African Roads Agency Limited (SANRAL)
903:homeland, which lies just to the east. The
735:Grahamstown grew during the 1820s, as many
3514:
3500:
3044:
2720:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2672:
2278:
2008:– novelist and Rhodes University professor
1976:South African Unemployed Peoples' Movement
1799:In 2013, South Africa's minister of water
1166:Observatory Museum, not in working order,
685:, Graham ordered the adoption of numerous
550:, is a town of about 75,000 people in the
3361:
3335:
3304:
3298:
3273:
3253:
3210:
3175:
3149:
3123:
3064:
3038:
3006:
2973:
2875:
2849:
2558:
2418:
2310:
1348:Learn how and when to remove this message
1133:Dutch Reformed Church, in working order,
963:The legacy of disparate education during
3341:
2707:Rhodes University 1904–1970: a chronicle
2655:
2464:
2338:
2050:– Engineer renowned for his work on the
1849:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1674:
973:
943:(formerly the JLB Smith Institute), the
825:
817:
692:
637:
629:
3307:"Shattercat boosts pothole repair fund"
3184:"Play unmasks Grahamstown water crisis"
2982:"Water crisis continues in Grahamstown"
2661:
2615:
2249:
1971:and international citizens and alumni.
1951:on 20 July 1950, and registered at the
1776:
3979:1820 establishments in the Cape Colony
3951:
3181:
2855:
2766:London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. p. 161.
2703:
2678:
2645:"Wild Sports in the Cape of Good Hope"
2284:
2219:International Library of African Music
2202:
2066:– second Chief Justice of South Africa
1754:was chosen as the provincial capital.
945:International Library of African Music
3495:
3281:"Grahamstown - Heraldry of the World"
3156:O'Halloran, Paddy (27 October 2015).
3103:
3099:
3097:
2529:
2527:
2525:
118:Cathedral of St Michael and St George
3974:Populated places established in 1812
3524:Sarah Baartman District Municipality
3213:Journal of Asian and African Studies
2956:
2882:Van Schalkwyk, Gilda (30 May 2006).
2419:Chabalala, Jeanette (29 June 2018).
2399:
1826:
1517:Single sex male (Co-ed. until Gr.4)
1326:adding citations to reliable sources
1293:
864:, The town earned its nickname from
835:St. Michael and St. George Cathedral
703:On 22 April 1819, a large number of
3305:MacLennan, Sue (13 February 2018).
2444:
2244:South African Library for the Blind
1978:has a strong presence in Makhanda.
1965:
804:Truth and Reconciliation Commission
769:developing national railway network
584:South African Library for the Blind
346:65.1 km (25.1 sq mi)
13:
3590:
3522:Municipalities and communities of
3472:Historical pictures of Grahamstown
3094:
2704:Currey, Ronald Fairbridge (1970).
2622:. New Africa Books. pp. 71–.
2522:
2402:Fort Hare University, South Africa
2124:– Cricketer and rugby union player
1100:High Court, not in working order,
996:St Michael and St George Cathedral
596:6 South African Infantry Battalion
592:Anglican Church of Southern Africa
32:Town in Eastern Cape, South Africa
14:
3990:
3398:
3368:Thabo Jijana (10 February 2011).
3182:Pillay, Deneesha (10 July 2015).
3078:. 24 January 2014. Archived from
2565:. Ravan Press. pp. 103–125.
1981:
1031:City Hall, not in working order,
3370:"Bullets fly as township erupts"
3263:South African Journal of Science
3104:Ellis, Estelle (14 March 2022).
3022:. 15 August 2013. Archived from
2229:National English Literary Museum
2171:
2014:- South African Rugby Head Coach
1842:relies largely or entirely on a
1831:
1807:
1298:
937:National English Literary Museum
566:. It is the largest town in the
280:
216:
215:
208:
186:
185:
178:
156:
155:
148:
128:
102:
93:
82:
73:
62:
3324:
2950:
2924:
2906:
2824:
2769:
2753:
2728:
2697:
2636:
2579:
2262:Some consider Makhanda to be a
2032:– Founder of Fairbridge Schools
1947:in 1950. It was granted by the
1822:
1501:St. Andrew's Preparatory School
875:
839:Anglican Diocese of Grahamstown
3045:Troye Lund (10 October 2013).
2856:Bakker, Jarig (7 March 2001).
2438:
2412:
2364:
2285:Robson, Linda Gillian (2011).
2256:
1738:With the establishment of the
933:National Library for the Blind
907:of 72.2% of the population is
785:
1:
1733:
1699:, which was founded in 1831.
3453:Resources in other libraries
3429:Resources in other libraries
2858:"Grahamstown (South Africa)"
1817:traditional African medicine
1272:
18:Grahamstown (disambiguation)
7:
2884:"Arts, crafts and laughter"
2164:
1726:, established in 1947, and
1576:Victoria Girls' High School
1545:Private/public partnership
923:Education, arts and culture
813:
625:
375:1,000/km (2,700/sq mi)
10:
3995:
3344:"The Flames of Phaphamani"
2764:In Search of South Africa.
2681:Early Railways at the Cape
2504:Wesleyan Juvenile Offering
2002:– British theatre director
1703:, a previous owner of the
1289:
1238:chapel, in working order,
696:
620:
354:580 m (1,900 ft)
22:
15:
3908:
3835:
3801:
3738:
3665:
3602:
3588:
3547:
3534:
3477:SA Government Information
3448:Resources in your library
3437:By Makhanda, South Africa
3424:Resources in your library
2963:South African Law Journal
2710:. Grahamstown. p. 8.
2187:Makana Local Municipality
2018:John 'Jack' Biddulph Dold
1994:William Guybon Atherstone
1794:Makana Local Municipality
1783:Makana Local Municipality
1452:Diocesan School for Girls
730:
568:Makana Local Municipality
531:
519:
506:
489:
481:
470:
459:
448:
440:
432:
421:
406:
395:
384:
379:
371:
363:
358:
350:
342:
337:
329:
317:
305:
293:
273:
238:
142:
124:
56:
47:
37:
3225:10.1177/0021909616664920
2662:Roberts, Edmund (1837).
2372:"Grahamstown population"
2112:– Cricketer (allrounder)
1870:"Makhanda, South Africa"
1670:
1600:Victoria Girls' Primary
987:Clock towers in the town
767:on the coast and to the
761:Cape Government Railways
199:Show map of South Africa
169:Show map of Eastern Cape
2619:Battles of South Africa
2559:Maclennan, Ben (1986).
2376:World Population Review
2327:Sum of the Main Places
2122:Alfred Renfrew Richards
2082:Robert Jeremy Mansfield
1257:33.304345°S 26.530855°E
1221:33.307116°S 26.519446°E
1152:33.315030°S 26.530190°E
1086:33.313289°S 26.520440°E
1050:33.309337°S 26.527618°E
1017:33.310182°S 26.526593°E
3964:Cities in South Africa
3959:Makhanda, Eastern Cape
3596:
3482:National Arts Festival
3410:Makhanda, South Africa
2957:Kahn, Ellison (1967),
2224:National Arts Festival
2209:Diocese of Grahamstown
1941:Ivan Mitford-Barberton
1757:It is the seat of the
1686:
1279:National Arts Festival
1119:33.311285°S 26.52501°E
983:
831:
823:
744:'s largest town after
643:
635:
3910:Sunday's River Valley
3594:
2679:Burman, Jose (1984).
2616:Couzens, Tim (2004).
2110:Norman Ogilvie Norton
2048:James Henry Greathead
2038:– Botanist and banker
1759:Eastern Cape Division
1748:Eastern Cape Province
1740:Union of South Africa
1678:
1623:Oatlands Preparatory
1262:-33.304345; 26.530855
1226:-33.307116; 26.519446
1185:33.30990°S 26.52923°E
1157:-33.315030; 26.530190
1091:-33.313289; 26.520440
1055:-33.309337; 26.527618
1022:-33.310182; 26.526593
977:
829:
821:
699:Battle of Grahamstown
693:Battle of Grahamstown
641:
633:
602:, the only estuarine
576:Eastern Cape Division
258:33.31000°S 26.52667°E
2539:www.sahistory.org.za
2250:Notes and references
2192:Albany, South Africa
2064:Sir James Rose Innes
2036:Ernest Edward Galpin
1855:improve this article
1777:Municipal government
1709:Andries Stockenström
1526:Good Shepherd School
1322:improve this section
1202:, in working order,
1200:St. Andrew's College
1124:-33.311285; 26.52501
1067:, in working order,
998:, in working order,
931:, the South African
927:The town is home to
911:, while 13.7% speak
841:. The town also has
660:Andries Stockenstrom
613:warrior and prophet
546:, formerly known as
380:Racial makeup (2011)
372: • Density
2451:EWN Eyewitness News
2352:. 26 September 1952
2268:City of Grahamstown
2203:Major organisations
2179:South Africa portal
2030:Kingsley Fairbridge
1958:The new arms were:
1955:in September 1994.
1697:Grahamstown Journal
1652:Non-denominational
1629:Non-denominational
1606:Non-denominational
1583:Non-denominational
1480:1876 (closed 1973)
1477:St Aidan's College
1434:Non-denominational
1401:St Andrew's College
1253: /
1217: /
1190:-33.30990; 26.52923
1181: /
1148: /
1115: /
1082: /
1046: /
1013: /
837:is the seat of the
263:-33.31000; 26.52667
254: /
3855:Boesmansriviermond
3597:
3382:on 29 January 2016
2862:Flags of the World
2782:Biological Reviews
2052:London Underground
1953:Bureau of Heraldry
1945:H. Ellis Tomlinson
1767:Magistrate's Court
1687:
1615:Single sex female
1592:Single sex female
1469:Single sex female
984:
832:
824:
644:
636:
482: • Other
433: • Other
364: • Total
343: • Total
229:Show map of Africa
114:Clockwise from top
25:Makhanda (prophet)
3946:
3945:
3405:Library resources
3076:The Oppidan Press
2894:on 31 August 2006
2794:10.1111/brv.12590
2629:978-0-86486-621-9
2572:978-0-86975-235-7
2510:: 86. August 1846
2445:Kubheka, Thando.
2335:from Census 2011.
2234:Rhodes University
2090:- Catholic Bishop
2026:– British actress
1920:
1919:
1905:
1765:, as well as the
1728:The Oppidan Press
1717:Rhodes University
1668:
1667:
1551:Kingswood College
1358:
1357:
1350:
1281:in June/July and
1236:Kingswood College
1065:Rhodes University
929:Rhodes University
880:According to the
780:Rhodes University
615:Makhanda ka Nxele
572:Rhodes University
541:
540:
3986:
3680:Cape St. Francis
3549:Blue Crane Route
3516:
3509:
3502:
3493:
3492:
3468:
3467:
3465:Official website
3392:
3391:
3389:
3387:
3378:. Archived from
3365:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3339:
3333:
3328:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3291:
3277:
3271:
3270:
3260:
3251:
3245:
3244:
3208:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3194:
3179:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3168:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3116:
3101:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3082:on 9 August 2016
3068:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3057:
3042:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3031:
3026:on 9 August 2016
3010:
3004:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2994:on 8 August 2016
2990:. Archived from
2977:
2971:
2970:
2954:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2943:
2938:on 16 March 2014
2928:
2922:
2921:
2910:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2899:
2890:. Archived from
2879:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2853:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2828:
2822:
2821:
2773:
2767:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2732:
2726:
2725:
2719:
2711:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2640:
2634:
2633:
2613:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2597:on 21 April 2019
2593:. Archived from
2583:
2577:
2576:
2556:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2531:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2485:
2471:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2431:
2416:
2410:
2409:
2397:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2357:
2342:
2336:
2325:
2308:
2307:
2291:
2282:
2270:
2260:
2181:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2140:Selmar Schonland
2072:– Legal academic
2042:Robert Godlonton
2012:Allister Coetzee
1966:Social movements
1937:Municipality (2)
1931:Virtute et opera
1927:Jan van Riebeeck
1923:Municipality (1)
1915:
1912:
1906:
1904:
1863:
1835:
1827:
1815:Some people use
1701:Robert Godlonton
1492:Single sex male
1443:Single sex male
1417:Single sex male
1360:
1359:
1353:
1346:
1342:
1339:
1333:
1302:
1294:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1006:
915:and 10.8% speak
715:'s warrior son,
648:Fourth Xhosa War
286:
284:
283:
269:
268:
266:
265:
264:
259:
255:
252:
251:
250:
247:
230:
219:
218:
212:
200:
189:
188:
182:
170:
159:
158:
152:
132:
106:
97:
86:
77:
66:
35:
34:
3994:
3993:
3989:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3984:
3983:
3949:
3948:
3947:
3942:
3904:
3900:Trappe's Valley
3831:
3797:
3734:
3661:
3604:Dr Beyers Naudé
3598:
3586:
3543:
3536:District seat:
3530:
3520:
3463:
3462:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3434:
3433:
3413:
3412:
3408:
3401:
3396:
3395:
3385:
3383:
3366:
3362:
3352:
3350:
3340:
3336:
3329:
3325:
3315:
3313:
3303:
3299:
3289:
3287:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3258:
3252:
3248:
3209:
3202:
3192:
3190:
3180:
3176:
3166:
3164:
3154:
3150:
3140:
3138:
3128:
3124:
3114:
3112:
3102:
3095:
3085:
3083:
3070:
3069:
3065:
3055:
3053:
3043:
3039:
3029:
3027:
3012:
3011:
3007:
2997:
2995:
2978:
2974:
2955:
2951:
2941:
2939:
2930:
2929:
2925:
2912:
2911:
2907:
2897:
2895:
2880:
2876:
2866:
2864:
2854:
2850:
2840:
2838:
2830:
2829:
2825:
2774:
2770:
2758:
2754:
2744:
2742:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2713:
2712:
2702:
2698:
2691:
2677:
2673:
2660:
2656:
2641:
2637:
2630:
2614:
2610:
2600:
2598:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2573:
2557:
2553:
2543:
2541:
2533:
2532:
2523:
2513:
2511:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2483:
2481:
2473:
2472:
2465:
2455:
2453:
2443:
2439:
2429:
2427:
2417:
2413:
2398:
2391:
2381:
2379:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2355:
2353:
2350:disa.ukzn.ac.za
2344:
2343:
2339:
2326:
2311:
2289:
2283:
2279:
2274:
2273:
2261:
2257:
2252:
2205:
2177:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2134:Basil Schonland
2100:Charles Mullins
2060:– British actor
1988:Robert Armitage
1984:
1968:
1949:College of Arms
1916:
1910:
1907:
1864:
1862:
1848:
1836:
1825:
1810:
1792:From 2012, the
1787:Cacadu District
1779:
1736:
1673:
1661:Co-educational
1638:Co-educational
1567:Co-educational
1542:co-educational
1354:
1343:
1337:
1334:
1319:
1303:
1292:
1275:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1252:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1203:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1180:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1101:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1007:
1004:
1002:
1000:
999:
989:
925:
892:" and 8.4% as "
878:
866:Royal Engineers
816:
788:
733:
701:
695:
628:
623:
527:
515:
442:First languages
281:
279:
262:
260:
256:
253:
248:
245:
243:
241:
240:
234:
233:
232:
231:
228:
227:
226:
225:
224:
220:
203:
202:
201:
198:
197:
196:
195:
194:
190:
173:
172:
171:
168:
167:
166:
165:
164:
160:
138:
137:
136:
135:
120:
111:
110:
109:
108:
107:
99:
98:
89:
88:
87:
79:
78:
69:
68:
67:
52:
43:
40:
33:
28:
21:
12:
11:
5:
3992:
3982:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3914:
3912:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3841:
3839:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3813:
3807:
3805:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3744:
3742:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3727:
3725:St Francis Bay
3722:
3717:
3715:Paradise Beach
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3671:
3669:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3608:
3606:
3600:
3599:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3553:
3551:
3545:
3544:
3539:Port Elizabeth
3535:
3532:
3531:
3519:
3518:
3511:
3504:
3496:
3490:
3489:
3487:Scifest Africa
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3456:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3439:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3415:
3414:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3399:External links
3397:
3394:
3393:
3375:Grocott's Mail
3360:
3334:
3323:
3311:grocotts.co.za
3297:
3272:
3246:
3200:
3174:
3162:Daily Maverick
3148:
3136:Daily Maverick
3122:
3110:Daily Maverick
3093:
3063:
3051:Financial Mail
3037:
3005:
2987:Grocott's Mail
2972:
2949:
2923:
2918:grocotts.co.za
2905:
2874:
2848:
2823:
2788:(4): 865–888.
2768:
2752:
2727:
2696:
2689:
2671:
2654:
2635:
2628:
2608:
2578:
2571:
2551:
2521:
2491:
2463:
2437:
2411:
2389:
2363:
2337:
2309:
2276:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2214:Grocott's Mail
2211:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2161:
2155:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2131:
2125:
2119:
2113:
2107:
2104:Victoria Cross
2097:
2091:
2085:
2079:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2045:
2039:
2033:
2027:
2021:
2015:
2009:
2003:
1997:
1991:
1983:
1982:Notable people
1980:
1967:
1964:
1918:
1917:
1853:. Please help
1839:
1837:
1830:
1824:
1821:
1809:
1806:
1778:
1775:
1735:
1732:
1692:Grocott's Mail
1682:Grocott's Mail
1672:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1448:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:Graeme College
1422:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1394:Private/Public
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1356:
1355:
1306:
1304:
1297:
1291:
1288:
1283:SciFest Africa
1274:
1271:
1270:
1269:
1233:
1197:
1164:
1131:
1098:
1062:
1029:
988:
985:
924:
921:
905:first language
877:
874:
843:Roman Catholic
815:
812:
802:Prompted by a
787:
784:
748:. It became a
732:
729:
705:Xhosa warriors
697:Main article:
694:
691:
687:scorched earth
627:
624:
622:
619:
539:
538:
535:
529:
528:
525:
523:
517:
516:
513:
511:
504:
503:
493:
487:
486:
483:
479:
478:
475:
468:
467:
464:
457:
456:
453:
446:
445:
438:
437:
434:
430:
429:
426:
419:
418:
415:
404:
403:
400:
393:
392:
389:
382:
381:
377:
376:
373:
369:
368:
365:
361:
360:
356:
355:
352:
348:
347:
344:
340:
339:
335:
334:
331:
327:
326:
321:
315:
314:
312:Sarah Baartman
309:
303:
302:
297:
291:
290:
277:
271:
270:
236:
235:
222:
221:
214:
213:
207:
206:
205:
204:
192:
191:
184:
183:
177:
176:
175:
174:
162:
161:
154:
153:
147:
146:
145:
144:
143:
140:
139:
133:
127:
126:
125:
122:
121:
112:
101:
100:
92:
91:
90:
81:
80:
72:
71:
70:
61:
60:
59:
58:
57:
54:
53:
48:
45:
44:
41:
38:
31:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3991:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3913:
3911:
3907:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3880:Kenton-on-Sea
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3842:
3840:
3838:
3834:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3800:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3768:Krakeel River
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3745:
3743:
3741:
3737:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3670:
3668:
3664:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3652:Steytlerville
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3642:Nieu-Bethesda
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3622:Graaff-Reinet
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3607:
3605:
3601:
3593:
3583:
3582:Somerset East
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3552:
3550:
3546:
3541:
3540:
3533:
3529:
3525:
3517:
3512:
3510:
3505:
3503:
3498:
3497:
3494:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3466:
3461:
3460:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3381:
3377:
3376:
3371:
3364:
3349:
3345:
3338:
3332:
3327:
3312:
3308:
3301:
3286:
3282:
3276:
3268:
3264:
3257:
3250:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3207:
3205:
3189:
3185:
3178:
3163:
3159:
3152:
3137:
3133:
3126:
3111:
3107:
3100:
3098:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3067:
3052:
3048:
3041:
3025:
3021:
3020:
3015:
3009:
2993:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2976:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2953:
2937:
2933:
2927:
2919:
2915:
2909:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2878:
2863:
2859:
2852:
2837:
2833:
2827:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2772:
2765:
2761:
2756:
2741:
2737:
2731:
2723:
2717:
2709:
2708:
2700:
2692:
2690:0-7981-1760-5
2686:
2682:
2675:
2667:
2666:
2658:
2650:
2646:
2639:
2631:
2625:
2621:
2620:
2612:
2596:
2592:
2590:
2582:
2574:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2555:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2495:
2480:
2476:
2470:
2468:
2452:
2448:
2441:
2426:
2422:
2415:
2407:
2403:
2396:
2394:
2378:. 29 May 2024
2377:
2373:
2367:
2351:
2347:
2341:
2334:
2330:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2296:
2288:
2281:
2277:
2269:
2265:
2259:
2255:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2198:
2197:1820 Settlers
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2169:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2152:William Smith
2150:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2088:Patrick Moran
2086:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2076:Johan Klopper
2074:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2024:Elize du Toit
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1979:
1977:
1972:
1963:
1961:
1956:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1914:
1903:
1900:
1896:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1882:
1879:
1875:
1872: –
1871:
1867:
1866:Find sources:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1846:
1845:
1844:single source
1840:This section
1838:
1834:
1829:
1828:
1820:
1818:
1813:
1808:Social issues
1805:
1802:
1797:
1795:
1790:
1788:
1784:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1741:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1720:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1693:
1684:
1683:
1677:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1646:P.J. Olivier
1645:
1644:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1352:
1349:
1341:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1307:This section
1305:
1301:
1296:
1295:
1287:
1284:
1280:
1266:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1165:
1161:
1132:
1128:
1099:
1095:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1030:
1026:
997:
994:
993:
992:
981:
976:
972:
969:
966:
961:
959:
954:
953:Waterloo Farm
950:
949:Albany Museum
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
920:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
899:
895:
891:
888:", 11.3% as "
887:
886:Black African
883:
873:
871:
867:
863:
858:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
828:
820:
811:
809:
805:
800:
796:
794:
783:
781:
776:
772:
770:
766:
762:
759:In 1872, the
757:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
737:1820 Settlers
728:
726:
725:Christmas Day
722:
721:Robben Island
718:
714:
710:
706:
700:
690:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
667:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
640:
632:
618:
616:
612:
607:
605:
601:
600:Waterloo Farm
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
536:
534:
530:
524:
522:
518:
512:
509:
505:
501:
497:
494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
474:
471: •
469:
465:
463:
460: •
458:
454:
452:
449: •
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
425:
422: •
420:
416:
414:
410:
407: •
405:
401:
399:
396: •
394:
390:
388:
387:Black African
385: •
383:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
336:
332:
328:
325:
322:
320:
316:
313:
310:
308:
304:
301:
298:
296:
292:
289:
278:
276:
272:
267:
239:Coordinates:
237:
211:
181:
151:
141:
131:
123:
119:
115:
105:
96:
85:
76:
65:
55:
51:
46:
36:
30:
26:
19:
3865:Cannon Rocks
3860:Boknesstrand
3822:Riebeek East
3815:
3783:Stormsrivier
3700:Kruisfontein
3695:Jeffreys Bay
3537:
3528:Eastern Cape
3443:Online books
3436:
3419:Online books
3409:
3384:. Retrieved
3380:the original
3373:
3363:
3351:. Retrieved
3347:
3337:
3326:
3314:. Retrieved
3310:
3300:
3288:. Retrieved
3284:
3275:
3266:
3262:
3249:
3216:
3212:
3191:. Retrieved
3187:
3177:
3165:. Retrieved
3161:
3151:
3139:. Retrieved
3135:
3125:
3113:. Retrieved
3109:
3084:. Retrieved
3080:the original
3075:
3066:
3054:. Retrieved
3050:
3040:
3028:. Retrieved
3024:the original
3017:
3008:
2996:. Retrieved
2992:the original
2985:
2975:
2966:
2962:
2952:
2940:. Retrieved
2936:the original
2926:
2917:
2908:
2896:. Retrieved
2892:the original
2887:
2877:
2865:. Retrieved
2861:
2851:
2839:. Retrieved
2836:www.ru.ac.za
2835:
2826:
2785:
2781:
2771:
2763:
2760:Morton, H.V.
2755:
2743:. Retrieved
2739:
2730:
2706:
2699:
2680:
2674:
2664:
2657:
2648:
2638:
2618:
2611:
2599:. Retrieved
2595:the original
2588:
2581:
2561:
2554:
2542:. Retrieved
2538:
2512:. Retrieved
2507:
2503:
2494:
2482:. Retrieved
2478:
2454:. Retrieved
2450:
2440:
2428:. Retrieved
2424:
2414:
2405:
2401:
2380:. Retrieved
2375:
2366:
2354:. Retrieved
2349:
2340:
2294:
2287:"Annexure A"
2280:
2267:
2258:
2058:Nigel Harris
2000:H. K. Ayliff
1973:
1969:
1959:
1957:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1922:
1921:
1908:
1898:
1891:
1884:
1877:
1865:
1841:
1823:Coat of arms
1814:
1811:
1798:
1791:
1780:
1772:
1756:
1745:
1737:
1727:
1723:
1721:
1704:
1696:
1690:
1688:
1680:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1374:Denomination
1373:
1369:Year Founded
1368:
1363:
1344:
1335:
1320:Please help
1308:
1276:
990:
978:Part of the
970:
962:
947:(ILAM), the
926:
879:
876:Demographics
862:H. V. Morton
859:
849:, Ethiopian
847:Presbyterian
833:
801:
797:
789:
777:
773:
758:
734:
702:
668:
645:
608:
556:South Africa
554:province of
552:Eastern Cape
547:
543:
542:
319:Municipality
300:Eastern Cape
288:South Africa
113:
29:
3885:Port Alfred
3870:Cuylerville
3816:Grahamstown
3793:Tweeriviere
3773:Louterwater
3627:Jansenville
3386:4 September
3353:4 September
3056:4 September
2867:28 November
2514:17 November
2333:Grahamstown
2130:, Cricketer
2128:George Rowe
2078:- Cricketer
2006:Andre Brink
1990:– cricketer
1801:Edna Molewa
1260: /
1224: /
1188: /
1155: /
1122: /
1089: /
1053: /
1020: /
786:Name change
765:Port Alfred
754:Albany area
742:Cape Colony
664:Lucas Meyer
656:Cape Colony
652:John Graham
642:Fort Selwyn
564:East London
548:Grahamstown
508:Postal code
330:Established
261: /
42:Grahamstown
3953:Categories
3845:Alexandria
3818:(Makhanda)
3758:Joubertina
3753:Coldstream
3710:Oyster Bay
3690:Humansdorp
3657:Willowmore
3577:Petersburg
3562:Kommadagga
3542:(Gqeberha)
3348:libcom.org
3269:: 467–473.
3188:HeraldLIVE
3167:30 October
3141:30 October
2942:14 January
2914:"About us"
2888:Daily News
2484:5 December
2304:2263/26503
2158:Josie Wood
2142:– Botanist
2116:Mike Pentz
1881:newspapers
1763:High Court
1734:Government
1655:Afrikaans
1558:Methodist
1248:26°31′51″E
1245:33°18′16″S
1212:26°31′10″E
1209:33°18′26″S
1176:26°31′45″E
1173:33°18′36″S
1143:26°31′49″E
1140:33°18′54″S
1110:26°31′30″E
1107:33°18′41″S
1077:26°31′14″E
1074:33°18′48″S
1041:26°31′39″E
1038:33°18′34″S
1008:26°31′36″E
1005:33°18′37″S
683:Xhosa Wars
580:High Court
359:Population
249:26°31′36″E
246:33°18′36″S
3895:Southwell
3811:Alicedale
3763:Kareedouw
3740:Kou-Kamma
3730:Thornhill
3675:Aston Bay
3632:Klipplaat
3567:Middleton
3557:Cookhouse
3290:4 January
3241:151789387
3233:0021-9096
3219:: 20–33.
2898:4 January
2818:211122587
2802:1464-7931
2716:cite book
2456:19 August
2430:19 August
2146:Ian Smith
2106:recipient
2094:Lex Mpati
1911:June 2017
1851:talk page
1533:Anglican
1508:Anglican
1460:Anglican
1454:(D.S.G.)
1408:Anglican
1338:June 2017
1309:does not
1273:Festivals
965:Apartheid
913:Afrikaans
855:Methodist
851:Episcopal
750:bishopric
746:Cape Town
588:a diocese
533:Area code
491:Time zone
462:Afrikaans
351:Elevation
3938:Paterson
3933:Kirkwood
3890:Seafield
3850:Bathurst
3788:Thornham
3748:Clarkson
3720:Patensie
3647:Rietbron
3617:Adendorp
3612:Aberdeen
3572:Pearston
3115:14 March
2810:32059074
2762:, 1948.
2601:12 March
2165:See also
1750:, while
1724:Activate
1632:English
1609:English
1586:English
1570:Private
1561:English
1536:English
1520:Private
1511:English
1495:Private
1486:English
1472:Private
1463:English
1437:English
1420:Private
1411:English
1379:Language
980:analemma
890:Coloured
814:Religion
808:Makhanda
717:Mdushane
709:Makhanda
679:Zuurveld
626:Founding
586:(SALB),
560:Gqeberha
544:Makhanda
510:(street)
398:Coloured
307:District
295:Province
223:Makhanda
193:Makhanda
163:Makhanda
39:Makhanda
3923:Coerney
3875:Kasouga
3837:Ndlambe
3778:Misgund
3637:Kendrew
3316:8 April
3193:11 June
3086:11 June
3030:11 June
2998:11 June
2745:21 July
2544:19 July
2408:: 1–14.
2356:15 July
2070:AJ Kerr
2054:railway
1895:scholar
1785:in the
1761:of the
1705:Journal
1664:Public
1641:Public
1618:Public
1595:Public
1483:Jesuit
1446:Public
1330:removed
1315:sources
1290:Schools
917:English
713:Ndlambe
673:20,000
621:History
590:of the
578:of the
473:English
275:Country
3803:Makana
3705:Loerie
3685:Hankey
3407:about
3285:ngw.nl
3239:
3231:
2841:6 June
2816:
2808:
2800:
2740:News24
2687:
2626:
2569:
2425:News24
2382:29 May
1897:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1868:
1752:Bhisho
1389:Gender
1384:Grades
1364:School
939:, the
935:, the
898:Ciskei
793:Albany
731:Growth
604:fossil
594:, and
582:, the
574:, the
521:PO box
444:(2011)
409:Indian
367:67,264
324:Makana
285:
3827:Salem
3667:Kouga
3259:(PDF)
3237:S2CID
2969:: 308
2814:S2CID
2329:Rhini
2290:(PDF)
1902:JSTOR
1888:books
1713:Xhosa
1671:Press
1658:0–12
1649:1956
1626:1949
1603:1945
1589:8–12
1580:1897
1564:0–12
1555:1894
1530:1884
1505:1885
1489:?–12
1466:4–12
1457:1874
1440:0–12
1431:1873
1414:8–12
1405:1855
909:Xhosa
901:Xhosa
894:White
723:. On
675:Xhosa
671:clear
611:Xhosa
496:UTC+2
477:10.8%
466:13.7%
455:72.2%
451:Xhosa
424:White
413:Asian
402:11.3%
391:78.9%
3928:Enon
3918:Addo
3388:2014
3355:2014
3318:2018
3292:2016
3229:ISSN
3195:2016
3169:2015
3143:2015
3117:2022
3088:2016
3058:2014
3032:2016
3019:SABC
3000:2016
2944:2013
2900:2016
2869:2015
2843:2024
2806:PMID
2798:ISSN
2747:2018
2722:link
2685:ISBN
2624:ISBN
2603:2013
2567:ISBN
2546:2021
2516:2015
2486:2018
2458:2018
2432:2018
2384:2024
2358:2015
2331:and
2264:city
1974:The
1943:and
1874:news
1635:0–7
1612:0–7
1539:1–7
1514:0–7
1313:any
1311:cite
882:2011
870:vice
526:6140
514:6139
500:SAST
485:3.4%
436:0.6%
428:8.4%
417:0.7%
338:Area
333:1812
134:Flag
50:Town
3221:doi
2790:doi
2508:III
2479:IOL
2300:hdl
1857:by
1324:by
537:046
3955::
3526:,
3372:.
3346:.
3309:.
3283:.
3267:96
3265:.
3261:.
3235:.
3227:.
3217:53
3215:.
3203:^
3186:.
3160:.
3134:.
3108:.
3096:^
3074:.
3049:.
3016:.
2984:.
2967:84
2965:,
2961:,
2916:.
2886:.
2860:.
2834:.
2812:.
2804:.
2796:.
2786:95
2784:.
2780:.
2738:.
2718:}}
2714:{{
2647:.
2537:.
2524:^
2506:.
2502:.
2477:.
2466:^
2449:.
2423:.
2404:.
2392:^
2374:.
2348:.
2312:^
2292:.
2102:–
1933:.
1789:.
919:.
853:,
845:,
795:.
782:.
617:.
3515:e
3508:t
3501:v
3390:.
3357:.
3320:.
3294:.
3243:.
3223::
3197:.
3171:.
3145:.
3119:.
3090:.
3060:.
3034:.
3002:.
2946:.
2920:.
2902:.
2871:.
2845:.
2820:.
2792::
2749:.
2724:)
2693:.
2632:.
2605:.
2591:"
2587:"
2575:.
2548:.
2518:.
2488:.
2460:.
2434:.
2406:1
2386:.
2360:.
2306:.
2302::
1913:)
1909:(
1899:·
1892:·
1885:·
1878:·
1861:.
1847:.
1351:)
1345:(
1340:)
1336:(
1332:.
1318:.
502:)
498:(
411:/
27:.
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
