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362:, with a follow-up expedition in 2000 confirming the connected Lake Ticlla Cocha as the furthest upstream Amazon extension. The definition for the distinction used at the time of survey was based on absolute length which the tributary added to the river, given a continuous and year-round flow of water. With the
366:
built in 1974, a portion of the
Mantaro River suffers a dry spell for five months of the year, previously excluding it from the list of source eligibility. However, research published in 2014 challenged this existing definition, and used advanced imaging and topographic data to establish the Mantaro
341:
The first complete paddling descent of the river from the source was accomplished by Rocky Contos and James
Duesenberry in May 2012. Previously, the lower 140 km of the river were descended in kayak and later cataraft by Richard Pethigal in 2002. The lower section of the river is known for
318:
The river runs generally southeast through south-central Peru. Its source, Lake Junin is 4,082.7 m in elevation, while its mouth lies at a mere 440m above sea level. This gives the river an incredibly steep gradient of nearly 5m/km, sufficient to carve the impressive
243:, but tributaries above Lake Junin extend as much as 70 km farther upstream, for a total length of 809 km. The named tributaries of the river are the Cunas, which enters the Mantaro at regional capital Huancayo, and the
251:. The upper Mantaro is 432 km long, extending from Lake Junin to the Kachimayu inflow while the lower river shown on the map is 307 km long. The river runs through the provinces of
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as the true longest upstream source feeding into the Amazon Basin. The new measurements add approximately 75–92 km to the original Amazon River length.
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Map of large rivers in south-central Peru (only the lower section of
Mantaro River is highlighted)
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522:"Correct placement of the most distant source of the Amazon River in the Mantaro River drainage"
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name means "great river". The word "Mantaro" may be a word originally from the
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323:. This valley is the most important food source for the capital
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207:) is a long river running through the central region of
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The
Mantaro Hydroelectric Complex is located in the
295:. Its hydrographic basin also includes some of the
520:Contos, James; Tripcevich, Nicholas (2014-02-12).
303:, the Vilca/Moya River, the Ichhu River, and the
231:, depending on the criteria used for definition.
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283:. The river then returns to the Junín Region in
426:(in Spanish). ElectroPeru. Archived from
360:designated headwaters of the Amazon River
442:"First Descent of the Amazon Expedition"
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424:"Complejo Hidroenergético del Mantaro"
239:The river nominally has its source at
148:15,410 km (5,950 sq mi)
497:. National Geographic. Archived from
448:from the original on 11 February 2013
400:. National Geographic. Archived from
495:"Where Does the Amazon River Begin?"
398:"Where Does the Amazon River Begin?"
544:from the original on 9 October 2018
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474:from the original on 30 April 2012
354:In 1971, an expedition led by the
314:The Mantaro River in Junín region.
247:, which joins in near the city of
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580:Tributaries of the Ucayali River
358:cited the Apurímac River as the
219:, who live downstream along the
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223:. The Mantaro, along with the
99: • coordinates
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595:Rivers of Huancavelica Region
63:Physical characteristics
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356:National Geographic Society
287:, where it unites with the
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585:Rivers of Ayacucho Region
227:, are the sources of the
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140:739 km (459 mi)
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167: • right
590:Rivers of Junín Region
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121:12.26278°S 73.97889°W
350:Source of the Amazon
126:-12.26278; -73.97889
336:Huancavelica Region
277:Huancavelica Region
275:, then through the
153:Basin features
117: /
538:10.1111/area.12069
501:on 16 October 2017
404:on 16 October 2017
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217:Asháninka language
332:Tayacaja Province
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364:Tablachaca Dam
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321:Mantaro Valley
289:Apurimac River
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225:Apurimac River
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468:"Rio Mantaro"
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16:River in Peru
546:. Retrieved
532:(1): 27–39.
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503:. Retrieved
499:the original
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476:. Retrieved
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450:. Retrieved
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428:the original
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406:. Retrieved
402:the original
391:
377:Kuntur Sinqa
353:
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297:Pasco Region
291:to form the
273:Junín Region
238:
229:Amazon River
188:
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505:14 February
493:Lee, Jane.
478:10 February
452:10 February
408:14 February
396:Lee, Jane.
301:Cunas River
197:Río Mantaro
176:Ichhu River
172:Cunas River
158:Tributaries
124: /
569:Categories
548:6 November
265:Concepción
241:Lake Junin
145:Basin size
112:73°58′44″W
109:12°15′46″S
76:Lake Junin
305:Kachimayu
293:Ene River
245:Kachimayu
235:Geography
221:Ene River
205:Hatunmayu
180:Kachimayu
92:Ene River
542:Archived
472:Archived
446:Archived
371:See also
279:and the
269:Huancayo
249:Ayacucho
48:Location
346:camps.
334:of the
271:in the
213:Quechua
201:Quechua
193:Spanish
53:Country
211:. Its
161:
137:Length
72:Source
383:Notes
261:Jauja
257:Yauli
253:Junín
87:Mouth
550:2015
526:Area
507:2014
480:2013
454:2013
410:2014
325:Lima
267:and
209:Peru
187:The
57:Peru
534:doi
259:,
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191:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
