Spanish language - Knowledge

11862:('Cervantes Institute') is a worldwide nonprofit organization created by the Spanish government in 1991. This organization has branches in 45 countries, with 88 centers devoted to the Spanish and Hispanic American cultures and Spanish language. The goals of the Institute are to promote universally the education, the study, and the use of Spanish as a second language, to support methods and activities that help the process of Spanish-language education, and to contribute to the advancement of the Spanish and Hispanic American cultures in non-Spanish-speaking countries. The institute's 2015 report "El español, una lengua viva" (Spanish, a living language) estimated that there were 559 million Spanish speakers worldwide. Its latest annual report "El español en el mundo 2018" (Spanish in the world 2018) counts 577 million Spanish speakers worldwide. Among the sources cited in the report is the 3440: 3286: 11731: 4073:, stemming for example from the availability of certain Spanish-language media. According to a 2012 survey by Morocco's Royal Institute for Strategic Studies (IRES), penetration of Spanish in Morocco reaches 4.6% of the population. Many northern Moroccans have rudimentary knowledge of Spanish, with Spanish being particularly significant in areas adjacent to Ceuta and Melilla. Spanish also has a presence in the education system of the country (through either selected education centers implementing Spain's education system, primarily located in the North, or the availability of Spanish as foreign language subject in secondary education). 3732: 3500: 7100: 1926: 140: 112: 126: 21051: 4236: 733: 6011: 10785: 6353: 7498: 11978: 9281:. Heritage words are characterized by having undergone all the phonetic changes experienced by the language. This differentiates it from the cultisms and semi-cultisms that were no longer used in the spoken language and were later reintroduced for restricted uses. Because of this, cultisms generally have not experienced some of the phonetic changes and present a different form than they would have if they had been transmitted with heritage words. 20983: 9440:. In the 18th century, words taken from French referring above all to fashion, cooking and bureaucracy were added to the Spanish lexicon. In the 19th century, new loanwords were incorporated, especially from English and German, but also from Italian in areas related to music, particularly opera and cooking. In the 20th century, the pressure of English in the fields of technology, computing, science and sports was greatly accentuated. 21068: 21034: 21017: 4155: 4062:, and, in addition to a resemblance to Western Andalusian speech patterns, it also features strong influence from the Spanish varieties spoken in the Americas, which in turn have also been influenced historically by Canarian Spanish. The Spanish spoken in North Africa by native bilingual speakers of Arabic or Berber who also speak Spanish as a second language features characteristics involving the variability of the vowel system. 10690: 21085: 18083: 3983: 21000: 18087: 10678: 9289:. The same concept also exists in other Romance languages. Reintroduced into the language for cultural, literary or scientific considerations, cultism only adapts its form to the orthographic and phonological conventions derived from linguistic evolution, but ignores the transformations that the roots and morphemes underwent in the development of the Romance language. 4004:. Enshrined in the constitution as an official language (alongside French and Portuguese), Spanish features prominently in the Equatoguinean education system and is the primary language used in government and business. Whereas it is not the mother tongue of virtually any of its speakers, the vast majority of the population is proficient in Spanish. The 7144:

it is indicated by many as the one that has most influenced the written standard for Spanish. Central (European) Spanish speech patterns have been noted to be in the process of merging with more innovative southern varieties (including Eastern Andalusian and Murcian), as an emerging interdialectal levelled

1306: 3545:

as the dominant power in the Iberian Peninsula by the end of the Middle Ages, the Romance vernacular associated with this polity became increasingly used in instances of prestige and influence, and the distinction between "Castilian" and "Spanish" started to become blurred. Hard policies imposing the

7143:

In Spain, northern dialects are popularly thought of as closer to the standard, although positive attitudes toward southern dialects have increased significantly in the last 50 years. The speech from the educated classes of Madrid is the standard variety for use on radio and television in Spain and

7090:

and is by far the most popular foreign language among students. In 2015, it was estimated that over 50 million Americans spoke Spanish, about 41 million of whom were native speakers. With continued immigration and increased use of the language domestically in public spheres and media, the number of

3761:

Spanish is by far the most common second language in the country, with over 50 million total speakers if non-native or second-language speakers are included. While English is the de facto national language of the country, Spanish is often used in public services and notices at the federal and state

9550:

between related languages in terms of precise percentages. For Spanish and Portuguese, that figure is 89%, although phonologically the two languages are quite dissimilar. Italian on the other hand, is phonologically similar to Spanish, while sharing lower lexical and grammatical similarity of 82%.

9308:

A semi-cultism is a word that did not evolve in the expected way, in the vernacular language (Romance language), unlike heritage words; its evolution is incomplete. Many times interrupted by cultural influences (ecclesiastical, legal, administrative, etc.). For the same reason, they maintain some

9559:

is lower still, given lexical similarity ratings of 75% and 71% respectively. Comprehension of Spanish by French speakers who have not studied the language is much lower, at an estimated 45%. In general, thanks to the common features of the writing systems of the Romance languages, interlingual

14681:

Article XIV, Sec 7: "For purposes of communication and instruction, the official languages of the Philippines are Filipino and, until otherwise provided by law, English. The regional languages are the auxiliary official languages in the regions and shall serve as auxiliary media of instruction

16932:

Native command group (GDL): 266,955 non-nationalized Spanish-speaking immigrants, 63,752 nationalized Spanish-speaking immigrants, 44,500 Spanish speakers of children of immigrants (second generation). 375,207 total native speakers, but there are another 37,047 non-mother-tongue speakers with

4202:

shall provide the people of the Philippines with a Spanish-language translation of the country's constitution. In recent years changing attitudes among non-Spanish speaking Filipinos have helped spur a revival of the language, and starting in 2009 Spanish was reintroduced as part of the basic

15789: 4130: 4207:

has also helped boost the language's economic prospects. Today, while the actual number of proficient Spanish speakers is around 400,000, or under 0.5% of the population, a new generation of Spanish speakers in the Philippines has likewise emerged, though speaker estimates vary widely.

4181:

but was eventually replaced by English as the primary language of administration and education by the 1920s. Nevertheless, despite a significant decrease in influence and speakers, Spanish remained an official language of the Philippines upon independence in 1946, alongside English and

9292:

In some cases, cultisms are used to introduce technical or specialized terminology that, present in the classical language, did not appear in the Romance language due to lack of use; This is the case of many of the literary, legal and philosophical terms of classical culture, such as

7294:

is associated with the southern half of Spain and lowland Americas: Central America (except central Costa Rica and Guatemala), the Caribbean, coastal areas of southern Mexico, and South America except Andean highlands. Debuccalization is frequently called "aspiration" in English, and

9015:

is the usual second-person singular pronoun in a formal context, but it is used jointly with the third-person singular voice of the verb. It is used to convey respect toward someone who is a generation older or is of higher authority ("you, sir"/"you, ma'am"). It is also used in a

9273:. Most of the core vocabulary and the most common words in Spanish comes from Latin. The Spanish words first learned by children as they learn to speak are mainly words of Latin origin. These words of Latin origin can be classified as heritage words, cultisms and semi-cultisms. 9194:

Some words can be significantly different in different Hispanophone countries. Most Spanish speakers can recognize other Spanish forms even in places where they are not commonly used, but Spaniards generally do not recognize specifically American usages. For example, Spanish

16050: 10748:) who have not transmitted the language to their children or grandchildren. However, it is experiencing a minor revival among Sephardi communities, especially in music. In Latin American communities, the danger of extinction is also due to assimilation by modern Spanish. 8791:

is not used in Spain, it occurs in many Spanish-speaking regions of the Americas as the primary spoken form of the second-person singular familiar pronoun, with wide differences in social consideration. Generally, it can be said that there are zones of exclusive use of

4197:

two months later. It remained an official language until the ratification of the present constitution in 1987, in which it was re-designated as a voluntary and optional auxiliary language. Additionally, the constitution, in its Article XIV, stipulates that the

11750:) is the entity which regulates the Spanish language. It was created in Mexico in 1951 and represents the union of all the separate academies in the Spanish-speaking world. It comprises the academies of 23 countries, ordered by date of academy foundation: 4008:

estimates that 87.7% of the population is fluent in Spanish. The proportion of proficient Spanish speakers in Equatorial Guinea exceeds the proportion of proficient speakers in other West and Central African nations of their respective colonial languages.

9317:. It is a semi-cultism, because it maintains (without fully adapting to Castilianization, in this case) some characteristics of the Latin language—the ending in -s—, but, at the same time, it undergoes slight phonetic modifications (change of eu for io). 14714: 6208: 6207: 2057:, still preserved in spelling, is now silent in most varieties of the language, although in some Andalusian and Caribbean dialects, it is still aspirated in some words. Because of borrowings from Latin and neighboring Romance languages, there are many 4385:(43.4 million as a first language + 15.5 million as a second language. To avoid double counting, the number does not include 8 million Spanish students and some of the 7.7 million undocumented Hispanics not accounted by the Census) 17010: 15777: 9284:

In the philological tradition of Spanish, cultism is called a word whose morphology very strictly follows its Greek or Latin etymological origin, without undergoing the changes that the evolution of the Spanish language followed from its origin in

15440: 17522: 17328: 16661: 3371:, she asked him what was the use of such a work, and he answered that language is the instrument of empire. In his introduction to the grammar, dated 18 August 1492, Nebrija wrote that "... language was always the companion of empire." 13571: 6204: 15910: 4203:

education curriculum in a number of public high schools, becoming the largest foreign language program offered by the public school system, with over 7,000 students studying the language in the 2021–2022 school year alone. The

6195:; the respective English equivalents of these examples—'to run up' and 'to fly out'—show that English is, by contrast, "satellite-framed", with mode of locomotion expressed in the verb and direction in an adverbial modifier). 18646: 13869: 16888: 11712:), exercises a standardizing influence through its publication of dictionaries and widely respected grammar and style guides. Because of influence and for other sociohistorical reasons, a standardized form of the language ( 18726: 932: 12846: 6099:, and is commonly paired with the conditional, which is a mood used to express "would" (as in, "I would eat if I had food"); the imperative is a mood to express a command, commonly a one word phrase – "¡Di!" ("Talk!"). 4312:

20 countries and one United States territory speak Spanish officially, and the language has a significant unofficial presence in the rest of the United States along with Andorra, Belize and the territory of Gibraltar.

4151:). Despite a public education system set up by the colonial government, by the end of Spanish rule in 1898, only about 10% of the population had knowledge of Spanish, mostly those of Spanish descent or elite standing. 15353: 20801: 16466: 14429: 15418: 14741: 7132:. It is spoken by more than twenty percent of the world's Spanish speakers (more than 112 million of the total of more than 500 million, according to the table above). One of its main features is the 6205: 141: 16072: 15552: 17006: 16538: 11866:, which estimates that the U.S. will have 138 million Spanish speakers by 2050, making it the biggest Spanish-speaking nation on earth, with Spanish the mother tongue of almost a third of its citizens. 3743:, hundreds of thousands of Spanish speakers became a minoritized community in the United States. The 20th century saw further massive growth of Spanish speakers in areas where they had been hitherto scarce. 113: 9276:

Most of the Spanish lexicon is made up of heritage lexicon. Heritage or directly inherited words are those whose presence in the spoken language has been continued since before the differentiation of the

3920:) throughout the centuries and in present times. The majority of the populations of each island (especially Aruba) speaking Spanish at varying although often high degrees of fluency. The local language 17270: 14710: 127: 13645: 7046:, or a vowel, in which cases the stress falls on the next-to-last (penultimate) syllable. Exceptions to those rules are indicated by an acute accent mark over the vowel of the stressed syllable. (See 14391:[The Sahrawi delegation will attend the Geneva meeting with a sincere will to move towards a solution that guarantees the right of the Sahrawi people to self-determination and independence]. 20447: 17518: 17324: 20531: 16919: 15204:

Page TS2: Population older than 15 years old of each country. page T74: Speakers who speak Spanish very well. Page T46: Speakers who speak well enough in order to be able to have a conversation.

4088:-speaking territory, Spanish was officially spoken as the language of the colonial administration during the late 19th and 20th centuries. Today, Spanish is present in the partially-recognized 19630: 16383: 13563: 10729:, and it retains many archaic features which have since been lost in standard Spanish. It contains, however, other vocabulary which is not found in standard Spanish, including vocabulary from 3754:

by origin. In turn, 41.8 million people in the United States aged five or older speak Spanish at home, or about 13% of the population. Spanish predominates in the unincorporated territory of

20154: 13925: 17406: 14771: 11875: 522: 19223: 12505: 10721:

Jews, with family roots in Turkey, Greece, or the Balkans, and living mostly in Israel, Turkey, and the United States, with a few communities in Hispanic America. Judaeo-Spanish lacks the

17168: 916:

As a Romance language, Spanish is a descendant of Latin. Around 75% of modern Spanish vocabulary is Latin in origin, including Latin borrowings from Ancient Greek. Alongside English and

14859: 17940: 15149: 14832: 14456: 15765:

There are 5,782,260 people who speak other language as mother tongue (main languages: Quechua (among 32 Quechua's varieties) 4,773,900, Aymara (2 varieties) 661,000, Chinese 100,000).

18758:. Selected Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Spanish Sociolinguistics, ed. Maurice Westmoreland and Juan Antonio Thomas, 54–63. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project, 2008. 15444: 901:

in the 5th century. The oldest Latin texts with traces of Spanish come from mid-northern Iberia in the 9th century, and the first systematic written use of the language happened in

19582: 13252: 6875:

varies significantly according to dialect but generally conforms to a pattern of falling tone for declarative sentences and wh-questions (who, what, why, etc.) and rising tone for

15516:: In Spain, 85.6% speak Spanish always or frequently in family (77.1% always and 8.5% frequently), 96% speak Spanish well, and 99.5% understand and speak, albeit with difficulty . 13291: 9345:

influenced by stopping the natural evolution of this word, and, in this way, converted this word into a semi-cultism and unconsciously prevented it from becoming a heritage word.

928:. Spanish is also the third most used language on the internet by number of users after English and Chinese and the second most used language by number of websites after English. 18691::199): "whatever might be claimed by other centres, such as Valladolid, it was educated varieties of Madrid Spanish that were mostly regularly reflected in the written standard." 17299: 16913: 14972: 1475:, where the written standard of Spanish was first developed, in the 13th century. In this formative stage, Spanish developed a strongly differing variant from its close cousin, 20593: 9115:, meaning "to him", "to her", or "to it"). The usage is sometimes called "etymological", as these direct and indirect object pronouns are a continuation, respectively, of the 6882:

Stress most often occurs on any of the last three syllables of a word, with some rare exceptions at the fourth-to-last or earlier syllables. Stress tends to occur as follows:

4379:(82% of U.S. Hispanics speak Spanish very well (according to a 2011 survey). There are 65.1 million Hispanics in the U.S. as of 2023 + 2.8 mill. non Hispanic Spanish speakers) 4215:

developed in the southern Philippines. However, it is not mutually intelligible with Spanish. The number of Chavacano-speakers was estimated at 1.2 million in 1996. The local

13841: 15732:

Spanish (official) 84.1%, Quechua (official) 13%, Aymara 1.7%, Ashaninka 0.3%, other native languages (includes a large number of minor Amazonian languages) 0.7%, other 0.2%

14010: 13671: 13608:

Lamboy, Edwin M.; Salgado-Robles, Francisco (2020). "Introduction: Spanish in the United States and across Domains". In Salgado-Robles, Francisco; Lamboy, Edwin M. (eds.).

10697:

Judaeo-Spanish, also known as Ladino, is a variety of Spanish which preserves many features of medieval Spanish and some old Portuguese and is spoken by descendants of the

6238:—as well as other features unique to Spanish. Spanish is alone among its immediate neighbors in having undergone frequent aspiration and eventual loss of the Latin initial 21596: 16984: 16046: 15347: 13697: 11949:

Todos los seres humanos nacen libres e iguales en dignidad y derechos y, dotados como están de razón y conciencia, deben comportarse fraternalmente los unos con los otros.

6879:. There are no syntactic markers to distinguish between questions and statements and thus, the recognition of declarative or interrogative depends entirely on intonation. 6206: 20807: 18663: 17113: 16463: 15622: 15414: 14626: 14421: 12748: 11964:

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

7038:

The orthographic system unambiguously reflects where the stress occurs: in the absence of an accent mark, the stress falls on the last syllable unless the last letter is

6278:(originally pronounced ), while in Aragonese they are preserved in most dialects, and in Leonese they present a variety of outcomes, including , , and . Where Latin had 20261: 18567: 14936: 14737: 9437: 1313:, written in a late form of Latin, were declared in 2010 by the Royal Spanish Academy as the record of the earliest words written in Castilian, predating those of the 14540: 18073:(5.2. Datos descriptivos de los usos de español e inglés, Gráfico 2). 77.3% of the Gibraltar population speak Spanish with their mother more, or equal than English. 17639: 17058: 16534: 15558: 7231:, is maintained by a majority of Spain's population, especially in the northern and central parts of the country. In other areas (some parts of southern Spain, the 21122: 15484: 17969: 17765: 16937: 1372:

The first documents to show traces of what is today regarded as the precursor of modern Spanish are from the 9th century. Throughout the Middle Ages and into the

1063:

Castilian is the official Spanish language of the State. ... The other Spanish languages shall also be official in their respective Autonomous Communities...

18459: 18363: 16632: 12048: 841: 490: 473: 456: 344: 17195: 16867: 16416: 1059:

El castellano es la lengua española oficial del Estado. ... Las demás lenguas españolas serán también oficiales en las respectivas Comunidades Autónomas...

15666:

There are 1,098,244 people who speak other language as their mother tongue (main languages: Chinese 400,000, Portuguese 254,000, Wayuu 199,000, Arabic 110,000)

14247:

An indisputable influence in the formation of Latin American Spanish, often overshadowed by discussion of the 'Andalusian' contribution, is the Canary Islands.

17662: 17354: 17266: 14178: 18197: 15918: 14298: 13637: 12938: 9400:, and other neighboring Ibero-Romance languages. Additionally, it has absorbed vocabulary from other languages, particularly other Romance languages such as 3947:

to offer Spanish as an alternative foreign language course in both public and private secondary schools in Brazil. In September 2016 this law was revoked by

18917:

Sociocultural issues in adapting Spanish health survey translation: The case of the QWB-SA (Chapter 10) in The Essential Role of Language in Survey Research

4300:

In addition, in Australia and New Zealand, there are native Spanish communities, resulting from emigration from Spanish-speaking countries (mainly from the

18598: 18116: 17820: 6912:, for plural of nouns and adjectives or for second-person-singular of verbs. However, even though a significant number of nouns and adjectives ending with 576: 20431: 20206: 15526: 20515: 17457: 17130: 17034: 14767: 12006: 20943:, Foundation of Emerging Spanish. A non-profit organization with collaboration of the RAE which mission is to clarify doubts and ambiguities of Spanish. 18339: 17990: 14660: 14045: 3311: 20702: 19083: 15332: 14695:

Article XIV, Sec 8: "This Constitution shall be promulgated in Filipino and English and shall be translated into major regional languages, Arabic, and

13503: 11831: 11269: 11132: 1566:

in French and Italian, but not at all in Catalan or Portuguese—is found in both open and closed syllables in Spanish, as shown in the following table:

19468: 18066: 17686: 16442: 16121: 10709:

was overwhelming, in Spain the Jews kept their language and identity. The relationship of Ladino and Spanish is therefore comparable with that of the

19634: 17610: 17249: 15091: 9369: 18251: 14087: 13895: 12777: 12716: 20150: 16801: 15267: 14793: 14485: 13917: 12083: 12043: 9532:

It is generally acknowledged that Portuguese and Spanish speakers can communicate in written form, with varying degrees of mutual intelligibility.

952: 551: 20316: 18774:[Pan-Hispanic Dictionary of Doubts] (in Spanish). Real Academia Española y Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española . 11 June 2023 . 17402: 15373: 14763: 13213: 11839: 19215: 18893: 18280: 18172: 17737: 17710: 17164: 13313: 12494: 7418:

is usually not perceived (the difference is not heard) by people who do not produce them as different phonemes. Such a phonemic merger is called

7086:

of 8% of the population, with an additional 7% speaking it as a second language. Additionally, Spanish is the second most spoken language in the

4204: 20236: 18941: 17918: 16362: 16298: 16250: 16150: 15188: 14593:"Por qué Filipinas no es un país hispanoparlante si fue una colonia de España durante 300 años (y qué huellas quedan de la lengua de Cervantes)" 23824: 23671: 20762: 18144: 17478: 16843: 16611: 16490: 14514: 13108: 12909: 12667: 11835: 3470: 849: 19517: 19479: 14855: 13179: 20937:, Cervantes Institute. A Spanish government agency, responsible for promoting the study and the teaching of the Spanish language and culture. 17944: 14824: 12995: 9261:

identified some regional vocabulary choices and US-specific concepts, which cannot be successfully implemented in Spain without adaptation.

7157: 3478: 857: 18501: 16847: 15679: 15033: 14900: 14398: 13353: 23739: 21115: 15399: 14216: 4174: 4100:), where the Spanish language is still taught as a second language, largely by Cuban educators. The number of Spanish speakers is unknown. 20286: 15326: 3739:

Spanish language has a long history in the territory of the current-day United States dating back to the 16th century. In the wake of the

21782: 20842: 19566: 19049: 16797: 15943: 15058: 13814: 13236: 11474:), pronunciation can be entirely determined from spelling. Under the orthographic conventions, a typical Spanish word is stressed on the 8850:, in the north and south of Peru, in Andean Ecuador, in small zones of the Venezuelan Andes (and most notably in the Venezuelan state of 3882:) where English is the sole official language, according to the 2022 census, 54% of the total population are able to speak the language. 19161: 19129: 19099:: "El léxico español de procedencia árabe es muy abundante: se ha señalado que constituye, aproximadamente, un 8% del vocabulario total" 19000: 17087: 13737: 13275: 11803: 11602:, etc.) can be accented when used as pronouns. Accent marks used to be omitted on capital letters (a widespread practice in the days of 3465:

Spanish is the primary language in 20 countries worldwide. As of 2023, it is estimated that about 486 million people speak Spanish as a

20098: 19363:

Often considered to be a substratum word. Other theories suggest, on the basis of what is used to make cheese, a derivation from Latin

19193: 17292: 16590: 16024: 15990: 14978: 14147: 12132: 4142: 3859: 3345: 20464: 19539: 17846: 15888: 15592: 11791: 20124: 20046: 19890: 19838: 19760: 19682: 19656: 18227: 16698: 15462: 15304: 13056: 11725: 11709: 7508: 7345: 7310: 7284: 6818: 611: 20577: 19812: 19342: 15719: 12799: 1507:-derived words, make up around 8% of the language today). The written standard for this new language was developed in the cities of 19994: 19734: 12127: 12122: 11823: 4145:, it was the language of government, trade, and education, and was spoken as a first language by Spaniards and educated Filipinos ( 19312: 17224: 17109: 16884: 15166: 15127: 13988: 12969: 1100:(a language guide published by the Royal Spanish Academy) states that, although the Royal Spanish Academy prefers to use the term 23804: 23754: 21108: 18865: 13667: 12552: 12169: 11668: 11224: 2626:

of Latin also produced characteristically different results in these languages, as shown in the examples in the following table:

16980: 16822: 16776: 16518: 16101: 15819: 15752: 13693: 12612: 6515:

is marked with an asterisk (*) to indicate that it is preserved only in some dialects. In most dialects it has been merged with

18672: 15614: 14634: 14351: 13157: 12738: 12637: 11262: 561: 19786: 19425: 17792: 16694: 16117: 13477: 3367:, was the first grammar written for a modern European language. According to a popular anecdote, when Nebrija presented it to 22233: 21284: 20907: 20836: 20652: 20587: 20525: 20401: 20355: 20258: 19449: 19399: 19187: 19123: 19043: 18935: 18559: 18305: 17862: 14927: 13621: 13285: 13246: 12879: 12710: 12299: 11939: 11898: 3712: 596: 22165: 20730: 20658: 18751: 15653: 13959: 12885: 11815: 7321: 7306: 4024:

among South Sudanese natives that relocated to Cuba during the Sudanese wars and returned for their country's independence.

3893:

has implemented Spanish language teaching into its education system. The Trinidadian and Tobagonian government launched the

17502: 16959: 15003: 14536: 13527: 9488: 3383: 898: 21968: 21963: 18038: 16752: 13410: 11767: 3354: 3295: 1095: 21907: 21795: 20971: 18537: 17635: 17051: 15488: 14600: 12324: 11922: 11787: 11077: 10827: 6786: 4124: 968: 772: 22068: 21958: 17376: 13384: 7267:(referring to its interdental realization, , in some parts of southern Spain). In most of Hispanic America, the spelled 1448:

through the influence of written language and the liturgical language of the Church. The loanwords were taken from both

22183: 18360: 17965: 17758: 17007:"Knowledge of languages by age and gender: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions" 16934: 16625: 15509: 14896: 11783: 10855: 7185: 6795: 3422: 18467: 16864: 16559:

There are 14,100 people who speak other language as their mother tongue (main language, Kekchí with 12,300 speakers):

15242: 14738:"PNoy (President Benigno Aquino III) and Spain's Queen Sofia welcome return of Spanish language in Philippine schools" 12578: 11827: 876:); and the world's most widely spoken Romance language. The country with the largest population of native speakers is 23794: 23749: 23022: 21337: 20931:, Royal Spanish Academy. Spain's official institution, with a mission to ensure the stability of the Spanish language 20791: 20756: 20724: 20441: 20420: 19916: 19576: 19155: 18994: 18971: 17184: 13731: 13546: 13445: 12840: 12294: 11759: 11255: 3439: 18640: 17350: 14389:"الوفد الصحراوي سيحضر لقاء جنيف بإرادة صادقة للتقدم نحو الحل الذي يضمن حق الشعب الصحراوي في تقرير المصير والاستقلال" 13784: 11795: 10740:

Judaeo-Spanish is in serious danger of extinction because many native speakers today are elderly as well as elderly

6087:: indicative, subjunctive, conditional, imperative; 3 persons: first, second, third; 2 numbers: singular, plural; 3 23729: 23082: 21178: 17670: 14172: 12274: 11807: 11771: 11755: 7125:) in the spoken Spanish of the various regions of Spain and throughout the Spanish-speaking areas of the Americas. 7071: 6758: 6700: 4732:(460,018 immigrants native speakers + 96,000 descendants of Spanish immigrants + 5,500,000 can hold a conversation) 4089: 3594: 480: 18201: 16728: 16563: 14260: 12930: 3481:

after English, Mandarin Chinese, and Hindi with a total number of 538 million speakers. Spanish is also the third

23814: 23774: 23759: 23709: 22370: 21975: 21775: 20020: 19708: 18703:"Standardness and nonstandardness in Spain: dialect attrition and revitalization of regional dialects of Spanish" 18109: 16901: 11926: 11906: 11894: 11811: 10836: 6735: 4066: 3787: 1349:, and some that are not related at all—were previously spoken in the Iberian Peninsula. These languages included 1300: 948: 944: 762: 591: 581: 541: 19968: 18590: 17809: 15994: 15862: 14884:

La enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera en Filipinas. Estudio de caso de la Universidad Ateneo de Manila

14034:"The decline of the indigenous languages of Equatorial Guinea: a manifestation of the loss of cultural identity" 23784: 23764: 23724: 23170: 23071: 21303: 21131: 21006: 20202: 19604: 15530: 14889:

The Teaching of Spanish as a Foreign Language in the Philippines: Case Study of the Ateneo de Manila University

14657:"Presidential Decree No. 155 : PHILIPPINE LAWS, STATUTES and CODES : CHAN ROBLES VIRTUAL LAW LIBRARY" 14570: 12218: 12088: 11763: 11200: 10938: 9588: 7108: 4294: 4059: 3917: 3718: 3482: 920:, it is also one of the most taught foreign languages throughout the world. Spanish is well represented in the 34: 23041: 20989: 20878: 18801: 17454: 17148: 17031: 15298: 3546:

language's hegemony in an intensely centralising Spanish state were established from the 18th century onward.

23809: 23744: 23714: 22978: 22656: 18331: 17986: 14797: 14656: 14033: 13499: 11779: 11775: 10883: 9055:

is also used that way between parents and children in the Andean regions of Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela.

6400:

to glides— and respectively—when unstressed and adjacent to another vowel. Some instances of the mid vowels

6155:

language; however, as in most Romance languages, constituent order is highly variable and governed mainly by

4199: 4054:, located in the Atlantic Ocean some 100 km (62 mi) off the northwest of the African mainland. The 3952: 3775: 3474: 1934: 813: 723: 642: 20710: 20673:

Martínez-Celdrán, Eugenio; Fernández-Planas, Ana Ma.; Carrera-Sabaté, Josefina (2003). "Castilian Spanish".

19490: 19072: 17256:. 13.7% of the country's Spanish speakers are proficient; the remaining 74% are limited-competence speakers. 9020:

context by many speakers in Colombia and Costa Rica and in parts of Ecuador and Panama, to the exclusion of

6543:), although this is not a true merger but an outcome of different evolution of sibilants in Southern Spain. 693: 660: 23779: 23769: 18063: 17683: 16438: 14265: 13086: 12236: 12016: 11910: 11819: 11799: 7622: 6750: 6133: 4216: 3871: 1030: 23105: 22508: 21498: 19868: 19367:(originally meaning a linen covering, later a thin cloth for relic storage) through an intermediate root * 17603: 17245: 15273: 15084: 11471: 11382: 11356: 11348: 11334: 11301: 7699: 7471:

variations between dialects of Spanish involve differing uses of pronouns, especially those of the second

7392: 7384: 7352: 7302: 7291: 7240: 7236: 7195: 7175: 6567: 6563: 6559: 6555: 6547: 6532: 6528: 6516: 6512: 6477: 6473: 6469: 6465: 6450: 6413: 6409: 6405: 6401: 6397: 6393: 6385: 6381: 6377: 6373: 6369: 6239: 2000:

in Vulgar Latin. In early Spanish (but not in Catalan or Portuguese) it merged with the consonant written

1997: 1253:

There are other hypotheses apart from the one suggested by the Royal Spanish Academy. Spanish philologist

23799: 23719: 23704: 23546: 22984: 21953: 21882: 18248: 14347: 14080: 13891: 12771: 12690: 12103: 11863: 11350: 9258: 7520: 7410:

in Spanish. As with other forms of allophony across world languages, the small difference of the spelled

7360: 6900:

in words that end with a consonant, on the last syllable, with the exception of two grammatical endings:

6152: 6096: 4000:

is the only Spanish-speaking country located entirely in Africa, with the language introduced during the

3936: 3740: 606: 20372: 18775: 17604:

Spanish in Belize. 52.1% speak Spanish with very well level. 10.7% speak Spanish with intermediate level

14801: 14478: 10565:

1. In Romance etymology, Latin terms are given in the Accusative since most forms derive from this case.

7430:, the merged phoneme is generally pronounced as a postalveolar fricative, either voiced (as in English 23789: 23734: 23267: 22839: 22274: 21832: 21768: 20347: 20308: 20076: 18161: 17434: 16369:(page T64): Non native people who speak Spanish well enough in order to be able to have a conversation. 15369: 13759: 13205: 11612:

advises against this and the orthographic conventions taught at schools enforce the use of the accent.

10608: 9101: 9084: 8868:

exists as the second-person usage with an intermediate degree of formality alongside the more familiar

7391:"), a non-lateral, usually voiced, usually fricative, palatal consonant, sometimes compared to English 7221: 7165: 6742: 6668: 6436: 4193:

Spanish was briefly removed from official status in 1973 but reimplemented under the administration of

4173:

Spanish continued to be official and used in Philippine literature and press during the early years of

3779: 18887: 18273: 17734: 17703: 17552: 13320: 11730: 11606:

and the early days of computers when only lowercase vowels were available with accents), although the

23699: 22854: 22766: 22375: 22216: 21931: 21860: 21842: 21825: 21820: 21810: 21479: 20228: 19946: 18915: 17892: 16359: 16295: 16247: 16147: 15968: 15179: 12828: 11490:; it is stressed on the last syllable otherwise. Exceptions to this rule are indicated by placing an 10895: 7552:

in the familiar (and each of these three pronouns has its associated verb forms), with the choice of

7183: 7163: 6766: 6227: 6129: 6106:

by using different persons for formal and informal addresses. (For a detailed overview of verbs, see

3803: 3795: 3503:

Percentage of people who self reportedly know enough Spanish to hold a conversation, in the EU, 2005

3285: 1527: 1480: 1460: 1254: 884: 840:, and about 600 million when including second language speakers. Spanish is the official language of 566: 216: 211: 202: 182: 30: 20825:

Rubino, Carl (2008), "Zamboangueño Chavacano and the Potentive Mode.", in Michaelis, Susanne (ed.),

20746: 18141: 17914: 17578: 17474: 16749: 16483: 14510: 13116: 12906: 11751: 9066: 7091:

Spanish speakers in the United States is expected to continue growing over the forthcoming decades.

6969:

Preantepenultimate stress (stress on the fourth-to-last syllable) occurs rarely, only on verbs with

1068: 618: 23559: 23463: 22336: 22284: 22063: 22011: 21226: 19509: 13183: 12663: 12284: 11890: 10982: 10759:. This too, tended to assimilate with modern Spanish, during the Spanish occupation of the region. 7468: 7341: 6872: 6707: 6682: 4282: 4178: 3931:

in the early 1990s induced a favorable situation for the promotion of Spanish language teaching in

3767: 3731: 1310: 717: 19476: 18016: 15691: 23819: 22927: 22518: 22472: 22353: 22326: 22265: 22202: 22148: 21855: 21815: 21100: 20859:"La presencia de la lengua española en el Norte de África y su interacción con el árabe marroquí" 18508: 18140:

The 1970 Spanish census claims there were 16,648 Spanish speakers in Western Sahara at the time (

15026: 14882: 14388: 12011: 11205: 10927: 10900: 8860:

can be heard in some parts of eastern Cuba, and others assert that it is absent from the island.

6714: 6675: 6122: 6111: 6064: 3771: 2036: 1467:

of Vulgar Latin evolved into Spanish, in the north of Iberia, in an area centered in the city of

1342: 316: 207: 197: 172: 22523: 20896: 15395: 14200: 4141:

from the beginning of Spanish administration in 1565 to a constitutional change in 1973. During

3304:

In the 15th and 16th centuries, Spanish underwent a dramatic change in the pronunciation of its

23645: 22861: 22279: 22225: 21877: 21276: 21057: 20278: 12279: 12108: 9533: 9494: 9305:). In other cases, they construct neologisms, such as the name of most scientific disciplines. 4244: 3835: 3783: 3735:

Percentage of the U.S. population aged 5 and over who speaks Spanish at home in 2019, by states

1346: 221: 61: 20826: 20128: 20050: 19894: 19842: 19764: 19686: 19660: 19033: 18984: 18626: 18151:), but most of them were probably people born in Spain who left after the Moroccan annexation. 15935: 15062: 14278: 9049:

is often used as a formal pronoun to convey respect between the members of a romantic couple.

913:

spurred the introduction of the language to overseas locations, most notably to the Americas.

23677: 23622: 23428: 23423: 23076: 23054: 22945: 22873: 22696: 22358: 22121: 21155: 20696: 20180: 20102: 19816: 19177: 19145: 19113: 18671:(in Spanish). México: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. pp. 53–73. Archived from 17083: 16580: 16408: 13721: 12991: 12869: 12830: 12309: 12098: 11697: 11644: 11321: 11238: 11017: 9348:

Spanish vocabulary has been influenced by several languages. As in other European languages,

6842: 6689: 6643: 6632: 6481: 6168: 4093: 3977: 3368: 3325: 2070: 1350: 23341: 22309: 16016: 15884: 14116: 7380: 4042:

Spanish is also spoken in the integral territories of Spain in Africa, namely the cities of

3960: 3927:

In addition to sharing most of its borders with Spanish-speaking countries, the creation of

23627: 23401: 23017: 22990: 22916: 22776: 22575: 22503: 22455: 22449: 22412: 22395: 21320: 21211: 20495: 19543: 17844: 15588: 14828: 14393: 12194: 11495: 11084: 10912: 10850: 10722: 9393: 9257:), and Uruguay. In the healthcare context, an assessment of the Spanish translation of the 8948: 8940: 7636: 7148:

buffered between the Madrid's traditional national standard and the Seville speech trends.

6721: 6652: 6126: 4267: 4163: 3827: 3823: 3799: 1362: 277: 23411: 22824: 21892: 18223: 15458: 13366:

Estimate. Corrected as Equatorial Guinea is mistakenly included (no native speakers there)

13030: 11876:

List of countries where Spanish is an official language § International organizations

9563:

The following table compares the forms of some common words in several Romance languages:

7099: 6531:

is also marked with an asterisk to indicate that most dialects do not distinguish it from

3413:, and to areas of the United States that had not been part of the Spanish Empire, such as 8: 23112: 23004: 22972: 22966: 22587: 22547: 22513: 22341: 22105: 21512: 21315: 21239: 21216: 19334: 18858:"A Brief Guide to Regional Variation of the Forms of Address (Tú, Vos, Usted) in Spanish" 18371: 18259: 15709: 15415:"Spanish is the most spoken non-English language in U.S. homes, even among non-Hispanics" 12807: 12501: 12078: 11851: 11243: 11089: 11042: 10997: 10922: 10873: 10822: 10768: 9583: 9522: 9409: 7797: 7516: 7427: 7329: 7047: 6876: 6457: 6447: 6160: 6080: 6060: 6028: 6014: 5556: 4274: 4005: 3940: 3890: 3886: 3722: 3560:

Spanish is also spoken by immigrant communities in other European countries, such as the

3499: 3387: 3379: 3305: 1405: 1366: 1358: 1314: 910: 865: 546: 226: 23375: 22808: 22483: 22417: 21385: 21023: 20229:"Información sobre el Instituto Cervantes. Quiénes somos: qué es el Instituto Cervantes" 19998: 19738: 6578:

phonemes maintain a phonemic contrast between plosive (or affricate) and fricative, the

6388:) and 17 to 19 consonant phonemes (the exact number depending on the dialect). The main 1925: 989: 978:

In Spain and some other parts of the Spanish-speaking world, Spanish is called not only

23617: 23346: 23202: 23160: 23126: 23120: 23010: 22953: 22910: 22893: 22631: 22624: 22460: 22248: 22189: 22045: 22033: 21912: 21850: 21556: 21547: 21530: 21473: 21418: 21412: 21266: 21254: 21244: 21206: 21160: 20870: 20780: 20626: 20564: 20487: 20390: 19711:(in Spanish). Mexico: Academia Mexicana de la Lengua. 22 September 2010. Archived from 19304: 18718: 17165:

El español en el contexto Sociolingüístico marroquí: Evolución y perspectivas (page 39)

16682: 15172: 15116: 14290: 14139: 13861: 13641: 12961: 12541:

Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2022).

12231: 12226: 11584:, etc.) also receive accents in direct or indirect questions, and some demonstratives ( 11114: 11099: 11072: 11062: 11057: 11052: 11047: 11022: 11012: 10947: 10907: 9593: 9547: 9518: 9502: 9425: 9405: 9224: 9108: 9002:

with the second person plural is sometimes heard in Andalusia, but it is non-standard.

7527: 7524: 7480: 7472: 7376: 6607: 6235: 6072: 6052: 6048: 6044: 4588: 4167: 4120: 3640: 3494: 3364: 3289: 1500: 1385: 1133: 1050: 1019: 999: 995: 981: 906: 381: 23395: 21887: 18857: 14825:"The Philippines is fronting up to its Spanish heritage, and for some it's paying off" 14422:"España se desentiende de la preservación del castellano en los campamentos saharauis" 14081:"Gloria Nistal Rosique: El caso del español en Guinea ecuatorial, Instituto Cervantes" 13610:

Spanish across Domains in the United States. Education, Public Space, and Social Media

13345: 13180:"Harold Bloom on Don Quixote, the first modern novel | Books | The Guardian" 8972:

functions as formal and informal second-person plural in all of Hispanic America, the

3460: Notable minority language (less than 25% but more than 500,000 Spanish speakers) 709: 23574: 23553: 23473: 23433: 23292: 23220: 23214: 23138: 23030: 22940: 22881: 22793: 22751: 22552: 22498: 22304: 22289: 22260: 22243: 22153: 22116: 22085: 22073: 21992: 21980: 21897: 21872: 21866: 21791: 21760: 21566: 21525: 21446: 21379: 21201: 21188: 20903: 20832: 20787: 20752: 20720: 20648: 20583: 20521: 20437: 20416: 20397: 20351: 19659:(in Spanish). Colombia: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española. Archived from 19572: 19183: 19151: 19119: 19039: 18990: 18967: 18931: 18722: 18662:

Lope Blanch, Juan M. (1972). "En torno a las vocales caedizas del español mexicano".

18614: 16935:

Anuario del Instituto Cervantes 2020 (page 325). "Germany and their Spanish speakers"

16816: 16770: 16605: 16515: 16098: 15811: 15744: 14452: 14294: 14282: 14208: 14143: 13865: 13727: 13617: 13613: 13441: 13281: 13242: 13048: 12875: 12836: 12706: 12604: 12542: 12289: 12243: 12149: 12021: 11109: 11007: 10992: 10977: 10957: 10815: 10810: 10792: 9613: 9578: 9556: 9506: 9498: 9413: 9377: 9278: 8944: 7667: 7612: 7067: 6865: 6774: 6612: 6488:

allophones depending on the environment; and (5) a phonemic distinction between the "

6428: 6217: 6164: 6076: 6036: 6032: 5825: 4928: 4263: 4183: 3997: 3991: 3843: 3831: 3406: 2623: 1519: 1479:, and, according to some authors, was distinguished by a heavy Basque influence (see 1453: 1409: 1393: 1381: 1330: 1247: 1040: 1011: 1003: 821: 809: 396: 192: 57: 23416: 22385: 22363: 21460: 21309: 21289: 20828:

Roots of Creole Structures: Weighing the Contribution of Substrates and Superstrates

19038:. Translated by Willard F. King; Selma Margaretten. University of California Press. 16657: 14338: 13153: 12829:

Heriberto Robles; Camacho Becerra; Juan José Comparán Rizo; Felipe Castillo (1998).

12641: 10705:. While in Portugal the conversion of Jews occurred earlier and the assimilation of 7259:(in reference to the usual realization of the merged phoneme as ) or, occasionally, 3746:

According to the 2020 census, over 60 million people of the U.S. population were of

3726: 768: 23527: 23517: 23502: 23490: 23406: 23355: 23319: 23297: 23284: 23278: 23207: 23196: 23100: 23049: 22898: 22886: 22819: 22783: 22771: 22739: 22664: 22636: 22609: 22439: 22434: 22422: 22402: 22390: 22331: 22238: 22195: 22136: 22131: 22126: 22090: 22021: 22005: 21902: 21612: 21561: 21492: 21355: 21345: 21249: 21234: 21150: 20682: 20618: 20609:

Jensen, John B. (1989). "On the Mutual Intelligibility of Spanish and Portuguese".

20556: 20479: 19790: 19421: 18921: 18836: 18710: 18309: 17789: 16409:"South America :: Paraguay — The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency" 16379: 16257:(page TS2): Population older than 15. (age scale used for the Eurobarometer survey) 14274: 14131: 14005: 14000: 13853: 13476:. U.S. Department of State: Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs. January 2007. 13473: 13038: 12698: 12267: 12053: 12026: 11713: 11104: 11067: 11027: 10972: 10967: 10962: 10890: 10734: 10710: 10628: 10615: 9618: 9608: 9598: 9526: 9514: 9433: 9429: 9421: 9417: 9389: 8887: 7632: 7137: 7059: 6602: 6597: 6137: 6084: 6056: 4290: 4194: 4187: 4085: 4055: 4033: 3879: 3807: 3766:. The language has a strong influence in major metropolitan areas such as those of 3751: 3684: 3676: 3600: 1476: 1421: 1413: 1401: 1397: 1389: 1377: 1354: 1338: 1322: 1223: 1023: 1015: 861: 853: 536: 302: 177: 134: 120: 106: 56:"Castilian language" redirects here. For the specific variety of the language, see 23302: 23252: 21644: 19446: 18926: 17866: 16017:"South America :: Bolivia — The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency" 12144: 9352:

words (Hellenisms) are abundant in the terminologies of several fields, including

9126:

Deviations from this norm (more common in Spain than in the Americas) are called "

23611: 23597: 23478: 23380: 23370: 23314: 23165: 23153: 23093: 23088: 22903: 22832: 22814: 22788: 22761: 22691: 22648: 22560: 22541: 22493: 22380: 22346: 22299: 22294: 22016: 21948: 21920: 21591: 21432: 21366: 21360: 21327: 21165: 20714: 20642: 20638: 20265: 19494: 19483: 19472: 19453: 19403: 18897: 18755: 18748: 18650: 18367: 18255: 18148: 18070: 17973: 17850: 17796: 17741: 17690: 17506: 17461: 17253: 17172: 17038: 16941: 16871: 16756: 16567: 16522: 16470: 16366: 16302: 16254: 16154: 16105: 15645: 15513: 13948: 13550: 13531: 12913: 12314: 12260: 12058: 11983: 11716:) is widely acknowledged for use in literature, academic contexts and the media. 11640: 11426:

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, Ñ, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z.

11094: 11037: 11032: 10987: 10864: 10730: 10714: 10702: 10634: 10596: 9843: 9603: 9552: 9510: 9401: 9397: 9385: 9381: 9349: 9342: 9116: 8981: 8956: 7675: 7328:" and articulatorily as "retracted"), with a weak "hushing" sound reminiscent of 7325: 7171: 7133: 7129: 6830: 6624: 6617: 6586:(i.e. without phonemic contrast) between plosive and approximant pronunciations. 6493: 6417: 6231: 6103: 6005: 5049:(117,498 native speakers + 374,571 limited competence speakers + 55,328 students) 4220: 4037: 3901: 3855: 3847: 3839: 3819: 3688: 3542: 3466: 2028: 2024: 1504: 1492: 1449: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1417: 1007: 925: 917: 753: Secondary language (more than 20% Spanish speakers) or culturally important 307: 164: 22614: 17499: 16953: 16514:

There are 490,124 people who speak another language, mainly Mískito (154,000).:

16097:

There are 207,750 people who speak another language, mainly Garifuna (98,000).:

15832:

There are 281,600 people who speak another language, mainly Mapudungun (250.000)

14999: 13524: 12031: 3421:. For details on borrowed words and other external influences upon Spanish, see 3374:

From the 16th century onwards, the language was taken to the Spanish-discovered

2004:(a bilabial with plosive and fricative allophones). In modern Spanish, there is 23662: 23569: 23564: 23485: 23365: 23327: 23059: 22619: 22565: 22535: 22427: 22111: 22039: 21985: 21634: 21624: 21350: 15027:"The Influence of German on the Lexicon of Palauan and Kosraean (Dissertation)" 14238: 14112: 13984: 13638:"Racial and Ethnic Diversity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census" 13406: 12702: 11886: 11882: 11180: 10952: 10726: 10706: 10672: 9448: 9270: 8973: 7476: 7372: 7337: 7232: 7162:

The four main phonological divisions are based respectively on (1) the phoneme

7083: 7079: 6806: 6662: 6489: 6156: 5785: 5475: 4840: 4081: 4077: 4051: 4001: 3956: 3815: 3811: 3791: 3577: 3561: 3454: Important minority (more than 25%) or majority language, but not official 3414: 3410: 1547: 1472: 1445: 1334: 940: 936: 902: 897:). The group evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin in Iberia after the 845: 829: 586: 556: 323: 291: 22708: 20687: 20672: 20547:

Harris, James (1967). "Sound Change in Spanish and the Theory of Markedness".

18533: 18407: 18042: 14592: 13857: 13543: 12073: 9560:

comprehension of the written word is greater than that of oral communication.

7371:, tends to be maintained in less-urbanized areas of northern Spain and in the 6308:), Old Spanish produced , that in Modern Spanish became the velar fricative ( 6017:, considered by many the greatest author of Spanish literature, and author of 23693: 23604: 23507: 23495: 23227: 22935: 22592: 22530: 22026: 21749: 21196: 18841: 18824: 17380: 15911:"Guatemala: Estimaciones y proyecciones de población a largo plazo 1950–2050" 15715: 14622: 14286: 14259:

Díaz-Campos, Manuel; Escalona Torres, Juan M.; Filimonova, Valentyna (2020).

14212: 13052: 11902: 11397:

purposes, though they remained a part of the alphabet until 2010. Words with

11303: 11161: 11002: 10917: 10878: 10698: 9525:. It is somewhat less similar, to varying degrees, from other members of the 9456: 9444: 8980:. It agrees with verbs in the 3rd person plural. Most of Spain maintains the 7383:. Meanwhile, in the speech of most other Spanish speakers, it is merged with 7087: 6454: 6440: 6432: 6171:" language—that is, it allows the deletion of subject pronouns when they are 6107: 6040: 4366: 4301: 4251: 4240: 4104: 3851: 3418: 1563: 1508: 1483:). This distinctive dialect spread to southern Spain with the advance of the 956: 747: Co-official or administrative language but not majority native language 686: 531: 512: 21260: 20433:

Dictionary of Languages: The Definitive Reference to More Than 400 Languages

19737:(in Spanish). El Salvador: Academia Salvadoreña de la Lengua. Archived from 15506: 14337:

Fernández Vítores, David (2018). "The endurance of Spanish in the Maghreb".

13376: 7246: 6320:), whereas neighboring languages have the palatal lateral (e.g. Portuguese 23386: 23246: 22686: 22641: 21685: 21399: 15233: 13043: 12574: 12179: 12093: 11491: 11283: 11123: 10682: 9286: 8780: 6984: 6983:

In addition to the many exceptions to these tendencies, there are numerous

6223: 6176: 6091:

forms: infinitive, gerund, and past participle. The indicative mood is the

4235: 3948: 3434: 3396:, is such a well-known reference in the world that Spanish is often called 1523: 1326: 1276: 1233: 817: 298: 267: 19920: 19712: 18714: 17167:: Between 4 and 7 million people have Spanish knowledge (M. Ammadi, 2002) 14135: 12773:

La RAE avala que Burgos acoge las primeras palabras escritas en castellano

12159: 9447:

is more susceptible to loanwords from English or Anglicisms. For example:

6868:: each syllable has approximately the same duration regardless of stress. 6010: 677: 23448: 23441: 23178: 22744: 21650: 14479:"El Español en los Campamentos de Refugiados Saharauis (Tinduf, Algeria)" 13792: 13277:

Rivers of Gold: the rise of the Spanish empire, from Columbus to Magellan

11914: 10845: 10784: 10577: 9120: 8916: 8809: 6887: 6420:

rather than phonological, as it is not predictable from phonology alone.

6019: 5615: 5248: 5055: 5016: 4992: 4823: 4696: 4138: 4021: 3755: 3692: 3648: 3392: 1486: 1162: 732: 463: 391: 272: 22713: 21736: 20874: 19608: 19396: 12199: 11683:, respectively) and closed by the usual question and exclamation marks. 11505:, especially when one of them is a stressed word and the other one is a 11185: 4219:

also retain significant Spanish influence, with many words derived from

1083:

in its publications. However, from 1713 to 1923, it called the language

22756: 22726: 22718: 22674: 22669: 22319: 22078: 21695: 21665: 20934: 16720: 16560: 13842:"Spanish in Brazil: Language Policy, Business, and Cultural Propaganda" 12189: 12184: 12063: 11603: 11215: 10658:) means a type of cheese. The universal term for cheese in Romanian is 9858: 9542: 9540:

Spanish and Portuguese languages is high, lexically and grammatically.

9373: 9035: 8928: 7671: 7497: 6729: 6424: 6172: 6092: 5757: 4763: 4147: 3921: 3763: 3632: 1496: 1373: 1305: 1106:

in its publications when referring to the Spanish language, both terms—

921: 371: 21040: 20630: 20568: 20491: 20465:"Spanish Stress Assignment within the Analogical Modeling of Language" 20024: 18989:(Repr. ed.). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 228. 17693:. 2.3% Spanish speakers as a native language according to 2018 census. 16814:

There are 150,200 people who speak another language as mother tongue,

16768:

There are 501,043 people who speak another language as mother tongue:

16587:

The IBGE publishes the population estimates for municipalities in 2011

11501:

The acute accent is used, in addition, to distinguish between certain

6352: 5366: 3913: 3885:

Due to its proximity to Spanish-speaking countries and small existing

23522: 23360: 22702: 21997: 21716: 21675: 21658: 20517:

How Many Languages Do We Need?: The Economics of Linguistic Diversity

19972: 18306:"International Programs – People and Households – U.S. Census Bureau" 16143: 16141: 16139: 15845: 13723:

Language loyalties: a source book on the official English controversy

13437: 12551:. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. 12547: 12204: 12154: 12068: 11502: 11394: 11233: 11210: 11190: 10718: 8977: 8920: 8908: 8904: 8825: 7695: 7333: 7114: 6894: 6861: 6583: 6551: 6461: 6416:

respectively when stressed, in a process that is better described as

6389: 6141: 5737: 5720: 5033: 4676: 4531: 4448: 4428: 4255: 4224: 4212: 4159: 4116: 3700: 3664: 3652: 3616: 3550: 3549:

Other European territories in which it is also widely spoken include

3360: 1993: 1464: 702: 670: 652: 634: 507: 446: 416: 401: 351: 23148: 21582: 18702: 18701:

Hernández Campoy, Juan Manuel; Villena Ponsoda, Juan Andrés (2009).

18560:"US now has more Spanish speakers than Spain – only Mexico has more" 16291: 16289: 16287: 16285: 16283: 15976: 14562: 14258: 13591: 13589: 13319:(in Spanish). Ministerio de la Presidencia de España. Archived from 12254: 11465: 11462:

With the exclusion of a very small number of regional terms such as

11152: 11147: 11137: 9145: 9137: 9129: 7421: 6522: 4227:

until 1821, until direct governance from Madrid afterwards to 1898.

4211:

Aside from standard Spanish, a Spanish-based creole language called

3346:

History of Spanish (Modern development of the Old Spanish sibilants)

23307: 23143: 22959: 22407: 22255: 21722: 21572: 20858: 20622: 20560: 20483: 19510:"Exclusión de ch y ll del abecedario | Real Academia Española" 19424:. Foundation for the Advancement of Sephardic Studies and Culture. 16281: 16279: 16277: 16275: 16273: 16271: 16269: 16267: 16265: 16263: 12743: 12248: 11977: 11475: 11195: 10689: 10644:, "half, incomplete". This negative meaning also applies for Latin 9361: 8932: 8924: 8883: 8854:), and in a large part of Colombia. Some researchers maintain that 8817: 7290:

The debuccalization (pronunciation as , or loss) of syllable-final

7113:

While being mutually intelligible, there are important variations (

6063:

have a neuter gender in their singular form. There are about fifty

5700: 5636: 5429: 5267: 4947: 4656: 4608: 4391: 4154: 4017: 3928: 3924:(Papiamento on Aruba) is heavily influenced by Venezuelan Spanish. 3747: 3672: 3656: 3628: 3605: 3375: 2051:

whenever it was followed by a vowel that did not diphthongize. The

2032: 2005: 1938: 1531: 1441: 1425: 1243: 833: 780: 571: 426: 406: 366: 23512: 21130: 21091: 20259:

US now has more Spanish speakers than Spain – only Mexico has more

16243: 16241: 16239: 16237: 16235: 16233: 16231: 16229: 16227: 16225: 16223: 16221: 16219: 16217: 16215: 16213: 16211: 16209: 16207: 16205: 16203: 16201: 16199: 16197: 16195: 16193: 16191: 16189: 16187: 16185: 16183: 16136: 15554:

Estimaciones y proyecciones de población 2010–2040: Total del país

14369: 11708:), founded in 1713, together with the 21 other national ones (see 9463:

is known by the use of Gallicisms or words taken from neighboring

7507:

feature in Hispanic America. Data generated as illustrated by the

7348:, much like the most frequent pronunciation of the /s/ of English. 4129: 3955:. In many border towns and villages along Paraguay and Uruguay, a 1929:

Chronological map showing linguistic evolution in southwest Europe

1148:), the kingdom where the language was originally spoken. The name 23131: 22996: 22734: 22158: 22143: 21629: 21618: 16181: 16179: 16177: 16175: 16173: 16171: 16169: 16167: 16165: 16163: 15858: 14764:"Spanish Language Program in Philippine Public Secondary Schools" 13791:. Trinidad and Tobago: Government of the Republic. Archived from 13586: 12174: 11918: 11170: 10756: 10752: 9357: 9313:

is a clear example of semi-cultism, where it came from the Latin

9112: 9091: 8952: 8936: 8912: 8891: 8847: 8829: 7531: 7301:

in Spanish. When there is no debuccalization, the syllable-final

7122: 7118: 6485: 6443: 6365: 6088: 5917: 5898: 5879: 5681: 5517: 5409: 5385: 5362: 5284: 5230: 5187: 5146: 5105: 4968: 4909: 4865: 4803: 4568: 4511: 4097: 4070: 4047: 3909: 3696: 3644: 3620: 3611: 3573: 3554: 2140: 776: 497: 441: 386: 356: 20365:

Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D. (2020).

19487: 16473:

According to DGEEC Census 2012, 7.93% is monolingual of Guarani.

16355: 16353: 16351: 16349: 16347: 16345: 16343: 16341: 16339: 16337: 16335: 16333: 16331: 16260: 15000:"Spanish Influence on Language, Culture, and Philippine History" 14768:

SEAMEO Regional Center for Educational Innovation and Technology

14686:

and Arabic shall be promoted on a voluntary and optional basis."

14340:

The economic and commercial influence of Spanish-based languages

13918:"Novo ensino médio terá currículo flexível e mais horas de aula" 13182:. London: Books.guardian.co.uk. 12 December 2003. Archived from 13078: 13031:"De nuevo sobre los nombres medievales de la lengua de Castilla" 12603:

Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D. (2022).

11453:

are used only in words and names coming from foreign languages (

1444:

rule in Iberia. In addition, many more words were borrowed from

1341:, beginning in 210 BC. Several pre-Roman languages (also called 1165:, the language spoken in Castile was generically referred to as 157:

100 million speakers with limited capacity (23 million students)

23333: 22679: 22602: 22582: 22314: 19864: 18825:"Un análisis sincrónico del voseo verbal chileno y rioplatense" 18823:

Baquero Velásquez, Julia M.; Westphal Montt, Germán F. (2014).

18822: 18797: 18700: 16329: 16327: 16325: 16323: 16321: 16319: 16317: 16315: 16313: 16311: 12691:"Hacia una historia de la puesta en escena de La vida es sueño" 12164: 12138: 12001: 11652:

indicates that it is not silent as it normally would be (e.g.,

11506: 11175: 10745: 9464: 9365: 8813: 8805: 7243:

occurs instead. The maintenance of phonemic contrast is called

7103:

A world map attempting to identify the main dialects of Spanish

7075: 6970: 6118: 5863: 5843: 5803: 5495: 5453: 5308: 5211: 5163: 5077: 4890: 4783: 4716: 4628: 4346: 4013: 3987: 3982: 3944: 3932: 3875: 3762:

levels. Spanish is also used in administration in the state of

3668: 3660: 3565: 1512: 1468: 1177:. Later in the period, it gained geographical specification as 877: 825: 502: 421: 411: 20959: 16160: 13956:

Selected Proceedings of the 8th Hispanic Linguistics Symposium

13947:

Lipski, John M (2006). Face, Timothy L; Klee, Carol A (eds.).

11869: 10677: 4223:, owing to the administration of the islands by Spain through 1491:, and meanwhile gathered a sizable lexical influence from the 22597: 22570: 20965: 20647:(6th ed.), Boston, Massachusetts: Wadsworth Publishing, 18771: 18408:

Martínez-Celdrán, Fernández-Planas & Carrera-Sabaté (2003

17144: 16076: 16049:(in Spanish). Oficina Nacional de Estadística. Archived from 15785: 12697:(in Spanish). Vervuert Verlagsgesellschaft. pp. 91–100. 11359:), were also considered single letters. However, the digraph 11317: 11142: 9570: 9460: 9455:

is used. This happens largely due to closer contact with the

9213:(respectively, 'butter', 'avocado', 'apricot') correspond to 8879: 8875: 8851: 7573: 7492: 7262: 7254: 7074:

accounts for the vast majority of Spanish speakers, of which

7063: 6538: 5951: 5935: 5659: 5593: 5537: 5345: 5326: 5129: 5071:(4,803 native + 461,689 limited competence + 33,600 students) 4738: 4488: 4408: 4335:

Native speakers and proficient speakers as a second language

4286: 4259: 4043: 3905: 3624: 3569: 3538: 3317: 869: 837: 436: 361: 187: 20366: 20072: 18914:

Congost-Maestre, Nereida (30 April 2020). Sha, Mandy (ed.).

17428: 16308: 14977:, The corpus juris, Article XV, Section 3(3), archived from 13949:"Too close for comfort? the genesis of "portuñol/portunhol"" 11719: 11385:, was not similarly regarded as a single letter. Since 1994 8777:, which is usually reserved for highly informal situations. 7596:

denoting respectively formality, familiarity, and intimacy.

7438:) in the central and western parts of the dialectal region ( 6230:, others with the neighboring Hispanic varieties—especially 6226:. Its development exhibits some traits in common with other 3758:, where it is also an official language along with English. 20956:, Exercises targeted toward Spanish language teachers (ELE) 17544: 15687: 15150:

es:Anexo:Hablantes de español según Ethnologue (edición 18)

14711:"New Prospects for the Spanish Language in the Philippines" 14177:(in Spanish), FR: Radio France International, 6 July 2011, 9220: 8821: 6423:

The Spanish consonant system is characterized by (1) three

6392:

variation among vowels is the reduction of the high vowels

6145: 6068: 5575: 4551: 4471: 4278: 4277:, Spanish loan words are present in the local languages of 3900:

Spanish has historically had a significant presence on the

3870:

Although Spanish has no official recognition in the former

3680: 3636: 873: 431: 376: 20709: 19942: 19115:

A History of the Spanish Lexicon: A Linguistic Perspective

17888: 16626:"El español: una lengua viva. Informe 2021 (Pág. 11 y 13)" 16305:(page T74): Non native people who speak Spanish very well. 15578:

40,872,286 people is the census population result for 2010

14207:(14). Publicacions Universitat Rovira i Virgili: 175–176. 13454: 12664:"In which countries of the world is this language spoken?" 11667:

Interrogative and exclamatory clauses are introduced with

11289: 10737:, and other languages spoken where the Sephardim settled. 6936:), the great majority of nouns and adjectives ending with 1992:

in Latin and pronounced in Classical Latin had probably "

779:

characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see

21074: 20940: 19073:"Enseñanza del acervo léxico árabe de la lengua española" 18749:"Variation in palatal production in Buenos Aires Spanish" 17574: 16759:(véase "Proyección de Población por municipio 2008–2020") 15852: 14032:

Bituga-Nchama, Pedro Bayeme; Nvé-Ndumu, Cruz Otu (2021).

13821: 13016:

Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, 2005, p. 271–272.

11420:

Thus, the Spanish alphabet has the following 27 letters:

9353: 6550:

is in parentheses () to indicate that it appears only in

3226: 3073: 3064: 3055: 2933: 2577: 2571: 2565: 2488: 2478: 2472: 2466: 2397: 2388: 2382: 2376: 2285: 2279: 1881: 1799: 1725: 1646: 1640: 1227: 20953: 20803:

Population by age, both sexes, annual; estimate for 2012

18198:"Population – Key Indicators | Latvijas statistika" 14320: 14318: 14316: 13958:. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project: 1–22. 8781:

Distribution in Spanish-speaking regions of the Americas

7631:, "I am going with you"), while the direct and indirect 3473:. An additional 75 million speak Spanish as a second or 19709:"Esbozo Histórico de la Academia Mexicana de la Lengua" 19150:. Manchester: Manchester University Press. p. 93. 18012: 11478:

before the last if it ends with a vowel (not including

11438:) are considered letters by the Royal Spanish Academy. 8773:

is much more common than the actual use of the pronoun

7578:. In a few dialects, all three pronouns are used, with 7363:

consonant that can be approximated by the sound of the

4133:

Spanish language newspaper in the Philippines from 1892

1210:

Different etymologies have been suggested for the term

21790: 20928: 20176: 19222:(in Spanish). Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes. 17147:: Instituto Cervantes, 2012, p. 6, archived from 15085:"cvc.cervantes (Spanish in Australia and New Zealand)" 14798:

Ministry of Education and Vocational Training of Spain

14067: 14031: 13815:"Language and education on Aruba, Bonaire and Curaçao" 13434:

The Politics of Language in the Spanish-Speaking World

7140:, mainly when they are in contact with the sound /s/. 7078:

is the most populous Spanish-speaking country. In the

6408:, determined lexically, alternate with the diphthongs 6136:(rather than postpositions or inflection of nouns for 6132:

tend to be placed after head words. The language uses

3603:. Nationally, Spanish is the official language—either 844:, as well as one of the six official languages of the 832:

with about 500 million native speakers, mainly in the

19657:"Presentación de la Academia Colombiana de la Lengua" 19465: 17865:(in Czech). czso.cz. 31 December 2013. Archived from 17598: 17596: 14313: 12116: 9123:

pronouns of Latin, the ancestor language of Spanish.

6222:

The Spanish phonological system evolved from that of

4069:, the Spanish language has some presence in northern 962: 22482: 20364: 18964:

Los helenismos del español : historia y sistema

18661: 18041:. Gibraltar.gov.gi. 12 November 2012. Archived from 17220: 15228: 15226: 15224: 15222: 15220: 15218: 15216: 15214: 15212: 14974:

1973 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines

14453:"Linguistic Policy in the Camps of Sahrawi Refugees" 14201:"Estandarización lingüística en las hablas canarias" 13726:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 62. 13607: 13595: 12992:"Usage statistics of content languages for websites" 12602: 12529: 11973: 9451:(computer mouse) is used in Latin America, in Spain 9090:(masculine and feminine respectively, regardless of 6427:

phonemes, and one or two (depending on the dialect)

4250:

Spanish is the official and most spoken language on

3599:

Today, the majority of the Spanish speakers live in

1471:, and this dialect was later brought to the city of 20863:

Revista Internacional de Lingüística Iberoamericana

20413:

Spanish Phonology and Morphology: A Generative View

20371:(23rd ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. 17819:(in Spanish), ES: Instituto Cervantes, p. 10, 14633:. Makati City, Philippines. Opinion. Archived from 13989:"¿Existe un dialecto "ecuatoguineano" del español?" 13500:"BBC Education — Languages Across Europe — Spanish" 12962:"What Are The Most-Used Languages On The Internet?" 8417:forms are distinct from the corresponding standard 6574:of voiceless phonemes, to indicate that, while the 6023:, widely considered the first modern European novel 4262:. However, Easter Island's traditional language is 2121:(both words pertaining to depth in Spanish, though 1216:(Spanish). According to the Royal Spanish Academy, 20895: 20779: 20389: 19371:. For the development of the meaning, cf. Spanish 18707:International Journal of the Sociology of Language 17735:Evolution de la population par sexe de 1976 à 2012 17593: 15956:Spanish (official) 69.9%, Amerindian languages 40% 14880: 14066:Quilis and Casado-Fresnillo, 1995, pp. 27–35; cfr 13154:"Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language" 11929:, and numerous other international organizations. 11515:('the', masculine singular definite article) with 10725:which was acquired by standard Spanish during the 10567:2. As in "us very selves", an emphatic expression. 9471:in European Spanish, in contrast to the Anglicism 7511:. The darker the area, the stronger its dominance. 7501:An examination of the dominance and stress of the 3443:Geographical distribution of the Spanish language 2155:("made") is similarly cognate to the root word of 909:, in the 13th century. Spanish colonialism in the 20675:Journal of the International Phonetic Association 20415:. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press. 20396:(5th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. 15917:(in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística. 15272:(in Spanish), MX: CONAPO estimate, archived from 15209: 14375: 14336: 14198: 13789:The Secretariat for The Implementation of Spanish 12492: 12212: 11401:are now alphabetically sorted between those with 10790: 8113:forms differ in the present subjunctive as well: 7320:is pronounced in northern and central Spain as a 7251:in Spanish, while the merger is generally called 7058:Spanish is the official, or national language in 3471:most spoken language by number of native speakers 3300:, the first grammar of a modern European language 1526:exhibits most of the changes that are typical of 1152:, in turn, is usually assumed to be derived from 1143: 623:and 22 other national Spanish language academies) 23691: 21700:(Portuguese-based creole with Spanish influence) 20637: 15677: 14261:"Sociolinguistics of the Spanish-Speaking World" 12084:International Conference of the Spanish Language 12044:Association of Academies of the Spanish Language 11881:Spanish is one of the official languages of the 10570: 10502: 10396: 10240: 10233: 10108: 9993: 9888: 9765: 9658: 9269:Around 85% of everyday Spanish vocabulary is of 7564:varying from one dialect to another. The use of 6357: 6327: 6321: 3324:and—in a large part of Spain—the characteristic 3030: 3024: 2919: 2913: 2726: 2362: 2265: 953:Community of Latin American and Caribbean States 20203:"Academia Ecuatoguineana de la Lengua Española" 20177:"Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española" 20151:"Academia Puertorriqueña de la Lengua Española" 19118:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 83. 19035:The Spaniards: An Introduction to Their History 18913: 18766: 18764: 14205:Universitas Tarraconensis. Revista de Filologia 13668:"American Community Survey Explore Census Data" 13241:. University of California Press. p. 151. 12049:Countries where Spanish is an official language 12007:List of English–Spanish interlingual homographs 11738:The Association of Spanish Language Academies ( 11658:, 'stork', is pronounced ; if it were written * 10717:. Ladino speakers today are almost exclusively 10518: 10422: 10277: 10133: 10124: 10019: 9904: 9781: 9682: 9058: 7128:The national variety with the most speakers is 6453:; (3) three or four (depending on the dialect) 4092:as its secondary official language, and in the 4027: 4012:Spanish is spoken by very small communities in 3405:In the 20th century, Spanish was introduced to 3253: 3168: 3162: 3087: 2993: 2947: 2889: 2838: 2750: 2702: 2594: 2506: 2417: 2348: 2244: 1817: 1739: 1668: 1118:—are regarded as synonymous and equally valid. 60:. For the broader branch of Ibero-Romance, see 20893: 20701:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2024 ( 20513: 19291: 19216:"La época visigoda / Susana Rodríguez Rosique" 19175: 18383: 17943:. Censo2010.aw. 6 October 2010. Archived from 17327:. Epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu. 17 October 2013. 15502: 15500: 15498: 14511:"Como saharauis queremos conservar el español" 12935:Servicio de Información y Noticias Científicas 11413:as they used to. The situation is similar for 10693:An original letter in Haketia, written in 1832 10582: 10550: 10509: 10493: 10461: 10412: 10403: 10386: 10378: 10369: 10319: 10267: 10257: 10248: 10224: 10184: 10115: 10099: 10051: 10009: 10000: 9980: 9936: 9895: 9875: 9823: 9772: 9756: 9724: 9673: 9665: 9645: 9482: 9384:lexical roots. It has also been influenced by 9168:, has expanded beyond the etymological usage ( 7621:, "you say") and the form for the object of a 7060:18 countries and one territory in the Americas 6511:In the following table of consonant phonemes, 6249: 6031:features of Spanish are shared with the other 4307: 3267: 3204: 3198: 3188: 3178: 3101: 3017: 3010: 3000: 2961: 2906: 2896: 2852: 2817: 2811: 2804: 2764: 2719: 2709: 2608: 2551: 2544: 2520: 2459: 2432: 2355: 2314: 2258: 2251: 1907: 1867: 1835: 1785: 1774: 1746: 1718: 1686: 1633: 1436:, as well as a minor number from the Germanic 1077:), on the other hand, currently uses the term 21776: 21116: 19107: 19105: 18900:(New York: Editorial Las Américas, 1970), in 18443: 12931:"El español se atasca como lengua científica" 11947: 11857: 11745: 11741:Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española 11739: 11703: 11678: 11672: 11659: 11653: 11647: 11634: 11628: 11622: 11616: 11607: 11597: 11591: 11585: 11579: 11573: 11567: 11561: 11552: 11546: 11540: 11534: 11528: 11522: 11516: 11510: 11463: 11454: 11448: 11442: 11433: 11424: 11376: 11370: 11364: 11342: 11328: 11295: 11263: 10602: 10543: 10527: 10484: 10453: 10447: 10431: 10360: 10312: 10295: 10286: 10214: 10205: 10177: 10160: 10152: 10143: 10089: 10080: 10044: 10028: 9970: 9961: 9929: 9913: 9866: 9816: 9799: 9790: 9747: 9717: 9700: 9691: 9636: 9252: 9246: 9240: 9234: 9228: 9214: 9208: 9202: 9196: 9181: 9175: 9169: 9163: 9157: 9151: 9143: 9135: 9127: 9095: 9078: 9072: 9064: 9050: 9044: 9033: 9027: 9021: 9010: 8997: 8991: 8985: 8967: 8898: 8869: 8863: 8855: 8841: 8835: 8799: 8793: 8786: 8764: 8758: 8752: 8746: 8740: 8734: 8728: 8722: 8716: 8683: 8674: 8668: 8661: 8654: 8647: 8641: 8634: 8625: 8618: 8607: 8598: 8592: 8585: 8578: 8571: 8565: 8558: 8549: 8542: 8531: 8522: 8516: 8509: 8502: 8495: 8489: 8482: 8473: 8466: 8418: 8412: 8406: 8375: 8366: 8358: 8351: 8342: 8333: 8324: 8315: 8308: 8299: 8290: 8282: 8275: 8266: 8257: 8248: 8239: 8232: 8223: 8214: 8206: 8199: 8190: 8181: 8172: 8163: 8156: 8108: 8102: 8096: 8065: 8056: 8048: 8039: 8030: 8021: 8012: 8003: 7996: 7987: 7978: 7970: 7961: 7952: 7943: 7934: 7925: 7918: 7909: 7900: 7892: 7883: 7874: 7865: 7856: 7847: 7840: 7785: 7779: 7773: 7763: 7757: 7751: 7745: 7735: 7729: 7719: 7713: 7703: 7685: 7679: 7661: 7655: 7646: 7640: 7626: 7616: 7606: 7600: 7591: 7585: 7579: 7571: 7565: 7559: 7553: 7547: 7541: 7535: 7502: 7453: 7452:) in and around Buenos Aires and Montevideo ( 7439: 7419: 7313:in the same fashion as in the next paragraph. 7296: 7260: 7252: 7244: 7211: 7205: 7199: 7030: 7024: 7018: 7012: 7006: 7000: 6994: 6988: 6974: 6961: 6955: 6949: 6943: 6937: 6931: 6925: 6919: 6913: 6907: 6901: 6536: 6520: 6431:phoneme(s), which in syllable-final position 6339: 6333: 6315: 6309: 6273: 6243: 6187:of locomotion is expressed adverbially (e.g. 6183:of motion is expressed in the verb while the 3397: 3352: 3309: 3293: 3260: 3219: 3132: 3122: 3094: 3048: 3042: 2982: 2954: 2926: 2872: 2845: 2824: 2784: 2757: 2733: 2685: 2601: 2558: 2537: 2513: 2449: 2425: 2369: 2331: 2307: 2272: 2220: 2164:Compare the examples in the following table: 2156: 2150: 2144: 2134: 2128: 2122: 2116: 2110: 2104: 2098: 2092: 2086: 2080: 2074: 2064: 2058: 2052: 2046: 2015: 2009: 1972: 1960: 1900: 1874: 1856: 1824: 1792: 1763: 1707: 1675: 1622: 1541: 1499:, much of it indirectly, through the Romance 1484: 1380:on the Spanish lexicon came from neighboring 1286: 1280: 1217: 1211: 1202: 1196: 1190: 1184: 1178: 1172: 1166: 1153: 1137: 1127: 1113: 1107: 1101: 1093: 1084: 1078: 1072: 1057: 1044: 1034: 987: 979: 892: 803: 793: 616: 90: 83: 20387: 19568:Using Spanish: a guide to contemporary usage 19070: 18761: 18308:. Census.gov. 5 January 2016. Archived from 16885:"Annual Mid year Population Estimates: 2020" 15882: 15527:"Argentinian census INDEC estimate for 2024" 15292: 15290: 15257:, to countries with official Spanish status. 15160: 15158: 14856:"Spanish is an endangered Filipino language" 14124:Arizona Journal of Hispanic Cultural Studies 13460: 13431: 13136: 13134: 13028: 12874:(in Spanish). Ediciones Umbral. p. 17. 12835:(3rd ed.). México: Limusa. p. 19. 12139:Dialects and languages influenced by Spanish 11995: 11381:), which also represents a distinct phoneme 10590: 10536: 10440: 10305: 10170: 10037: 9922: 9809: 9710: 9239:, respectively, in Argentina, Chile (except 9043:In Central America, especially in Honduras, 8739:". Conversely, the use of the verb forms of 7340:and most of Hispanic America (except in the 4103:Spanish is also an official language of the 3663:(co-official with 63 indigenous languages), 3623:(co-official with 36 indigenous languages), 3428: 3246: 3240: 3234: 3152: 3142: 3080: 2940: 2882: 2831: 2794: 2740: 2695: 2587: 2499: 2408: 2341: 2295: 2236: 2230: 1888: 1806: 1732: 1653: 23672:languages with more than 5 million speakers 20341: 19605:"Association of Spanish Language Academies" 19571:. Cambridge University Press. p. 318. 19182:. Liceus, Servicios de Gestió. p. 15. 18639:Eleanor Greet Cotton, John M. Sharp (1988) 18534:"Most Studied Foreign Languages in the U.S" 18460:"John B. Dalbor's Voice Files to Accompany 18448:(3rd ed.). Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 18431: 17759:"El español: Una lengua Viva. Informe 2020" 17521:. Epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu. 2 April 2012. 17125: 17123: 15495: 14708: 14117:"The Spanish language of Equatorial Guinea" 13894:. Presidência da República. 5 August 2005. 12739:"Countries with most Spanish speakers 2021" 11870:Official use by international organizations 10627:8. Depending on the written norm used (see 10473: 10350: 10340: 10331: 10196: 10071: 10063: 9948: 9850: 9835: 9736: 9625: 9551:Mutual intelligibility between Spanish and 9297:(from the Greek ἀταραξία, "dispassion") or 7515:Virtually all dialects of Spanish make the 6368:inventory consists of five vowel phonemes ( 6303: 6297: 6291: 6285: 6279: 6267: 6261: 6255: 4205:local business process outsourcing industry 3862:due to 20th- and 21st-century immigration. 2040: 2035:), attributed by some scholars to a Basque 2023:Typical of Spanish (as also of neighboring 1987: 1981: 1966: 1954: 1948: 1942: 1557: 1551: 1535: 1270: 1264: 1258: 1237: 931:Spanish is used as an official language by 15: 23255:(mixed Romani–Ibero- and Occitano-Romance) 21783: 21769: 21123: 21109: 20831:, Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 279–299, 19969:"Academia Paraguaya de la Lengua Española" 19415: 19413: 19411: 19143: 19102: 19071:Quintana, Lucía; Mora, Juan Pablo (2002). 18446:Spanish Pronunciation: Theory and Practice 16610:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 14881:Andrés Barrenechea, Clarissa (June 2013). 13839: 13827: 13024: 13022: 12495:El español: una lengua viva – Informe 2023 12133:List of Spanish words of Philippine origin 11312:, although typographically composed of an 11270: 11256: 9438:other indigenous languages of the Americas 9380:, with around 8% of its vocabulary having 9150:", according to which respective pronoun, 6071:, with 3 tenses: past, present, future; 2 2008:between the pronunciation of orthographic 731: 16: 20686: 20514:Ginsburgh, Victor; Weber, Shlomo (2011). 20462: 20392:A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish 20099:"Academia Nacional de Letras del Uruguay" 19893:(in Spanish). Philippines. Archived from 19891:"Academia Filipina de la Lengua Española" 19564: 18982: 18925: 18840: 18488: 16981:"Mother tongue by geography, 2021 Census" 15345:Spanish speakers older than 5 years old ( 15287: 15155: 14279:10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011619-030547 14004: 13525:Constitución de la República del Paraguay 13131: 13042: 12867: 12540: 12488: 12486: 12484: 12482: 12480: 12478: 12476: 12474: 12472: 12470: 12468: 12466: 12464: 12462: 12460: 12458: 12456: 12454: 12452: 12450: 12448: 12446: 12444: 12442: 12440: 12438: 12436: 12434: 12432: 12430: 12428: 12426: 12424: 12422: 12420: 12418: 12416: 12414: 12412: 12410: 12408: 12406: 12404: 12402: 12400: 12398: 12396: 12394: 12392: 12390: 12388: 12386: 12384: 12382: 12380: 12378: 12376: 12374: 12037: 11726:Association of Spanish Language Academies 11720:Association of Spanish Language Academies 11710:Association of Spanish Language Academies 10685:, originally used to print Judaeo-Spanish 7509:Association of Spanish Language Academies 7316:The sound that corresponds to the letter 7070:. With a population of over 410 million, 6254:). The Latin initial consonant sequences 4332:Speakers of Spanish as a native language 3691:, and "the other indigenous languages"), 3576:. Spanish is an official language of the 3479:most spoken language in the world overall 1456:, the form of Latin in use at that time. 887:, in which the language is also known as 612:Association of Spanish Language Academies 17433:, PH: National Statistics Office, 2015, 17120: 15412: 14935:, Cervantes virtual, p. 54 and 55, 14631:Philippine Daily Inquirer (INQUIRER.net) 13719: 12960:Devlin, Thomas Moore (30 January 2019). 12688: 12372: 12370: 12368: 12366: 12364: 12362: 12360: 12358: 12356: 12354: 12128:List of Spanish words of Germanic origin 12123:Arabic influence on the Spanish language 11729: 11691: 10688: 10676: 9493:Spanish is closely related to the other 8804:) in the following areas: almost all of 7690:(the traditional second-person familiar 7639:, are the same as those associated with 7496: 7098: 6906:, for third-person-plural of verbs, and 6554:. Each of the voiced obstruent phonemes 6351: 6202: 6175:unnecessary. Spanish is described as a " 6140:), and usually—though not always—places 6097:expresses uncertainty or indetermination 6009: 4234: 4153: 4137:Spanish was an official language of the 4128: 3981: 3939:approved a bill, signed into law by the 3730: 3498: 3438: 3284: 1924: 1304: 24:This is an accepted version of this page 20856: 20716:Atlas de la lengua española en el mundo 20410: 20309:"Universal Declaration of Human Rights" 20279:"Universal Declaration of Human Rights" 20049:(in Spanish). Nicaragua. Archived from 19841:(in Spanish). Guatemala. Archived from 19763:(in Spanish). Venezuela. Archived from 19419: 19408: 19111: 18419: 15402:from the original on 18 September 2023. 14853: 14735: 14419: 14324: 13760:Languages spoken in Belize, 2022 Census 13019: 12170:List of English words of Spanish origin 11669:inverted question and exclamation marks 10703:expelled from Spain in the 15th century 7684:generally can be derived from those of 7651:("You know your friends respect you"). 6987:that contrast solely on stress such as 5975:7,626,000,000 (total world population) 4340:(including limited competence speakers) 3865: 1534:of intervocalic consonants (thus Latin 1279:, as happened with other words such as 973: 773:question marks, boxes, or other symbols 14: 23692: 20824: 20608: 20575: 20546: 20127:(in Spanish). Honduras. Archived from 19997:. República Dominicana. Archived from 19256: 19132:from the original on 15 September 2015 19031: 19021: 18855: 18395: 17642:from the original on 20 September 2019 17090:from the original on 27 September 2023 16027:from the original on 27 September 2021 15367: 15356:from the original on 18 September 2023 15248:from the original on 23 September 2010 14959: 14925: 14822: 14621: 14420:Carrión, Francisco (20 October 2021). 14237: 14174:Los cubanos, la élite de Sudán del Sur 14111: 13983: 13946: 13928:from the original on 23 September 2016 13840:Valle, José del; Villa, Laura (2006). 13506:from the original on 29 September 2012 13273: 13160:from the original on 25 September 2008 12959: 12769: 12598: 12596: 11845: 11393:have been treated as letter pairs for 9094:, meaning "him", "her", or "it"), and 7094: 6347: 6148:, as do most other Romance languages. 4459:(1,098,244 with another mother tongue) 4060:Castilian conquest in the 15th century 3448: Official or co-official language 1043:of the whole of Spain, in contrast to 21764: 21104: 20845:from the original on 19 December 2020 20777: 20744: 20596:from the original on 10 December 2020 20429: 20388:Butt, John; Benjamin, Carmen (2011). 20183:from the original on 12 February 2011 19949:from the original on 19 December 2010 19865:"Academia Costarricense de la Lengua" 19685:(in Spanish). Ecuador. Archived from 19279: 19267: 19244: 19176:Martínez Egido, José Joaquín (2007). 19164:from the original on 23 December 2016 18944:from the original on 11 December 2023 18688: 18570:from the original on 23 November 2018 17921:from the original on 16 November 2013 17826:from the original on 24 February 2016 17771:from the original on 18 February 2020 17746:Annuaire Statistique du Cameroun 2010 17660: 17555:from the original on 17 December 2015 17305:from the original on 22 December 2023 16825:from the original on 16 November 2011 16593:from the original on 16 November 2015 16496:from the original on 14 November 2021 16419:from the original on 31 December 2018 15722:from the original on 19 November 2021 15625:from the original on 13 November 2015 15491:from the original on 13 January 2022. 15485:"Census INE estimate for 1 July 2024" 15465:from the original on 12 December 2023 15039:from the original on 21 December 2012 15024: 14835:from the original on 12 December 2021 14491:from the original on 26 December 2016 14401:from the original on 25 November 2023 14245:(1st ed.). Longman. p. 55: 13965:from the original on 16 December 2008 13740:from the original on 30 November 2023 13387:from the original on 26 December 2018 13356:from the original on 22 February 2023 13140: 12941:from the original on 22 February 2019 12780:from the original on 24 November 2010 12770:Vergaz, Miguel A. (7 November 2010), 12632: 12630: 12351: 11957:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 11940:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 11899:Organization of Ibero-American States 11286:, with the addition of the character 7053: 6942:are stressed on their last syllable ( 4337: 4334: 4331: 4328: 4273:As a legacy of comprising the former 4065:While far from its heyday during the 3971: 3713:Spanish language in the United States 1511:, in the 13th to 16th centuries, and 1345:)—some distantly related to Latin as 597:Organization of Ibero-American States 133: 119: 105: 20972: 20881:from the original on 22 January 2024 20733:from the original on 22 January 2024 20047:"Academia Nicaragüense de la Lengua" 19839:"Academia Guatemalteca de la Lengua" 19315:from the original on 15 January 2013 19226:from the original on 8 February 2017 19052:from the original on 24 January 2023 18868:from the original on 9 November 2020 18804:from the original on 4 November 2012 18729:from the original on 24 January 2022 18591:"Language Projections: 2010 to 2020" 18342:from the original on 26 January 2021 17895:from the original on 14 January 2022 17704:"cvc.cervantes.es (annuary 2006–07)" 17616:from the original on 3 February 2022 17581:from the original on 4 December 2015 17273:from the original on 5 November 2016 17064:from the original on 7 December 2023 17013:from the original on 22 January 2024 16987:from the original on 14 January 2024 16779:from the original on 21 October 2011 16638:from the original on 15 October 2021 16445:from the original on 15 January 2022 16124:from the original on 5 November 2016 15891:from the original on 10 January 2021 15865:from the original on 5 December 2015 15822:from the original on 3 February 2013 15792:from the original on 13 January 2022 15755:from the original on 2 December 2011 15307:from the original on 26 January 2021 14862:from the original on 18 January 2022 14774:from the original on 22 January 2024 14603:from the original on 30 January 2021 14432:from the original on 24 January 2022 14357:from the original on 13 January 2024 14301:from the original on 9 December 2023 14219:from the original on 24 January 2022 14181:from the original on 12 January 2012 14153:from the original on 21 January 2022 14093:from the original on 26 October 2012 14048:from the original on 24 January 2022 14013:from the original on 24 January 2022 13898:from the original on 31 October 2013 13872:from the original on 24 January 2022 13674:from the original on 17 October 2021 13574:from the original on 22 January 2008 13480:from the original on 22 January 2017 13234: 12972:from the original on 6 December 2021 12849:from the original on 24 January 2023 12804:sejours-linguistiques-en-espagne.com 12797: 12530:Eberhard, Simons & Fennig (2020) 12511:from the original on 8 December 2023 11990: 10621:7. Modified with the learned suffix 9489:Comparison of Portuguese and Spanish 9368:, etc. Its vocabulary has also been 9309:features of the language of origin. 7648:Vos sabés que tus amigos te respetan 6979:'saving them for him/her/them/you'). 6439:to a following consonant; (2) three 4814:(150,200 with another mother tongue) 4794:(501,043 with another mother tongue) 4687:(490,124 with another mother tongue) 4619:(207,750 with another mother tongue) 4499:(281,600 with another mother tongue) 4056:Spanish spoken in the Canary Islands 3537:Spanish is the official language of 3316:, which resulted in the distinctive 1428:a considerable number of words from 1325:, the Spanish language evolved from 1232:and that, in turn, derives from the 899:collapse of the Western Roman Empire 23740:Languages of the Dominican Republic 20765:from the original on 14 August 2021 20534:from the original on 16 August 2021 20450:from the original on 17 August 2021 20289:from the original on 8 January 2022 20157:from the original on 24 August 2010 19683:"Academia Ecuatoriana de la Lengua" 19607:(in Spanish). Asale. Archived from 19585:from the original on 15 August 2021 18772:"Diccionario panhispánico de dudas" 18665:Estudios sobre el español de México 18601:from the original on 19 August 2019 18540:from the original on 14 August 2012 18286:from the original on 6 January 2012 18230:from the original on 6 October 2014 17716:from the original on 6 January 2012 17481:from the original on 16 August 2023 17221:"Equatorial Guinea census estimate" 16541:from the original on 2 January 2022 15447:from the original on 22 March 2019. 14663:from the original on 3 October 2013 14068:Bituga-Nchama & Nvé-Ndumu (2021 13694:"Más 'speak spanish' que en España" 13648:from the original on 15 August 2021 13409:. Miniwatts Marketing Group. 2008. 13294:from the original on 16 August 2021 13255:from the original on 17 August 2021 12998:from the original on 17 August 2019 12593: 11923:North American Free Trade Agreement 11874:For a more comprehensive list, see 8890:in Panama, in the Mexican state of 8840:as a cultured form alternates with 7444:), or voiceless (as in the French 7344:of Colombia) it is pronounced as a 7322:voiceless "apico-alveolar" sibilant 7307:voiceless "apico-alveolar" sibilant 4774:(84,310 with another mother tongue) 4707:(14,100 with another mother tongue) 4321:and * signifies official language) 4258:in Oceania and politically part of 4125:Spanish language in the Philippines 3897:(SAFFL) initiative in March 2005. 3895:Spanish as a First Foreign Language 3588: 994:(Castilian), the language from the 969:Names given to the Spanish language 326:(using signs of the local language) 48: 23676:Languages between parentheses are 20800: 20661:from the original on 24 March 2019 20368:Ethnologue: Languages of the World 20319:from the original on 16 March 2021 20239:from the original on 10 April 2019 20209:from the original on 31 March 2016 19995:"Academia Dominicana de la Lengua" 19871:from the original on 23 March 2010 19761:"Academia Venezolana de la Lengua" 19542:. Lib.uwaterloo.ca. Archived from 19520:from the original on 28 April 2020 19420:Alfassa, Shelomo (December 1999). 18888:review of Humberto López Morales, 18588: 18122:from the original on 18 March 2009 17891:. rosstat.gov.ru. 1 January 2021. 17227:from the original on 6 August 2010 17201:from the original on 25 April 2015 16731:from the original on 25 March 2015 16664:from the original on 7 August 2015 16389:from the original on 22 April 2020 15946:from the original on 15 April 2021 15924:from the original on 23 July 2018. 15656:from the original on 10 March 2013 15595:from the original on 17 April 2023 15421:from the original on 27 March 2014 15194:from the original on 29 April 2013 14942:from the original on 6 August 2009 14906:from the original on 10 April 2023 14897:Autonomous University of Zacatecas 14450: 14199:Medina López, Javier (1992–1993). 13413:from the original on 26 April 2012 13407:"Internet World Users by Language" 13346:"Anuario instituto Cervantes 2023" 13089:from the original on 24 April 2017 12888:from the original on 23 April 2017 12832:Manual de etimologías grecolatinas 12800:"sejours linguistiques en Espagne" 12689:Salvador, Yolanda Mancebo (2002). 12627: 12117:Influences on the Spanish language 11432:Since 2010, none of the digraphs ( 7702:, where it appears in the ending: 7158:Phonetic change "f → h" in Spanish 4254:, which is geographically part of 3483:most used language on the Internet 3423:Influences on the Spanish language 2039:was the mutation of Latin initial 1246:was the Roman name for the entire 1053:"). Article III reads as follows: 963:Name of the language and etymology 850:second-most spoken native language 49: 23836: 23556:(unknown further classification) 20962:, Spanish activities and material 20917: 20748:A History of the Spanish Language 20411:Cressey, William Whitney (1978). 20375:from the original on 6 April 2006 20125:"Academia Hondureña de la Lengua" 20079:from the original on 28 July 2011 20021:"Academia Boliviana de la Lengua" 19565:Batchelor, Ronald Ernest (1992). 19447:Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas 19428:from the original on 2 April 2010 19345:from the original on 21 June 2017 19196:from the original on 26 June 2014 19003:from the original on 26 June 2014 18890:Estudios sobre el español de Cuba 18778:from the original on 5 March 2011 18642:Spanish in the Americas, Volume 2 18086:. db1.stat.gov.lt. Archived from 18019:from the original on 19 June 2016 17525:from the original on 20 July 2011 17437:from the original on 3 April 2019 17409:from the original on 3 April 2014 17357:from the original on 17 June 2009 17331:from the original on 20 July 2011 16922:from the original on 28 June 2016 16891:from the original on 15 May 2016. 16589:] (in Portuguese), BR, 2022, 15883:CIA Factbook (19 February 1999). 15376:from the original on 9 April 2014 15335:from the original on 4 March 2021 15097:from the original on 16 June 2022 15059:"Spanish language in Philippines" 15006:from the original on 5 March 2015 14854:Mojarro, Jorge (6 October 2020). 14736:Legaspi, Amita O. (3 July 2012). 14717:from the original on 2 April 2015 14573:from the original on 7 April 2019 14543:from the original on 2 April 2015 14517:from the original on 9 March 2016 13083:Diccionario de la lengua española 12719:from the original on 3 March 2022 12670:from the original on 29 June 2023 12615:from the original on 18 June 2023 12493:Fernández Vítores, David (2023). 10762: 10755:, the Judaeo-Spanish of northern 10666: 10575:in early modern Portuguese (e.g. 9032:. This usage is sometimes called 8939:and the Colombian departments of 8769:". In Chile, for example, verbal 7324:(also described acoustically as " 6918:are also stressed on the penult ( 6841: 6817: 6794: 6785: 6765: 6757: 6749: 6741: 6734: 6720: 6713: 6706: 6699: 6688: 6681: 6674: 6667: 6651: 6642: 6631: 6055:. In addition, articles and some 4338:Total number of Spanish speakers 3355:Gramática de la lengua castellana 3296:Gramática de la lengua castellana 1096:Diccionario panhispánico de dudas 21083: 21066: 21049: 21032: 21015: 20998: 20981: 20301: 20271: 20251: 20221: 20195: 20169: 20143: 20117: 20091: 20065: 20039: 20013: 19987: 19961: 19935: 19917:"Academia Panameña de la Lengua" 19909: 19883: 19857: 19831: 19805: 19779: 19753: 19727: 19701: 19675: 19649: 19623: 19597: 19558: 19532: 19502: 19459: 19440: 19357: 19327: 19297: 19285: 19273: 19261: 19250: 19238: 19208: 19089:from the original on 28 May 2016 19064: 19015: 18976: 18956: 18907: 18880: 18849: 18816: 18790: 18741: 18694: 18682: 18655: 18633: 18582: 18552: 18526: 18494: 18482: 18452: 18437: 18425: 18413: 18401: 18389: 18377: 18354: 18324: 18298: 18266: 18242: 18216: 18190: 18178:from the original on 6 July 2016 18154: 18134: 18102: 18076: 18057: 18031: 18005: 17993:from the original on 11 May 2021 17979: 17959: 17933: 17907: 17881: 17855: 17838: 17802: 17783: 17751: 17728: 17696: 17677: 17654: 17628: 17567: 17537: 17511: 17493: 17467: 17448: 17421: 17395: 17369: 17343: 17317: 17285: 17259: 17239: 17213: 17177: 17158: 17102: 17076: 17044: 17025: 16999: 16973: 16962:from the original on 4 July 2016 16946: 16926: 16906: 16895: 16877: 16857: 16836: 16808: 16790: 16762: 16743: 16713: 16687: 16676: 16650: 16618: 16573: 16553: 16527: 16508: 16476: 16457: 16431: 16401: 16372: 16110: 16091: 16065: 16039: 16009: 15983: 15961: 15928: 15903: 15876: 15837: 15804: 15770: 15737: 15701: 15671: 15638: 15607: 15581: 15572: 15545: 15519: 15477: 15451: 15433: 15413:Gonzalez, Ana (13 August 2013). 15406: 15388: 15370:"IV. Language Use among Latinos" 15235:Demografía de la lengua española 15130:from the original on 10 May 2015 14744:from the original on 7 July 2012 14459:from the original on 22 May 2021 14348:Ministerio de Economía y Empresa 13700:from the original on 20 May 2011 13596:Lamboy & Salgado-Robles 2020 13280:. Random House Inc. p. 78. 13216:from the original on 22 May 2011 13059:from the original on 7 July 2022 12751:from the original on 17 May 2022 12640:. United Nations. Archived from 12555:from the original on 28 May 2022 12275:Spanish language in the Americas 11976: 11686: 10783: 7660:are the same as those used with 7519:between a formal and a familiar 6095:one, while the subjunctive mood 4094:Sahrawi refugee camps in Tindouf 4090:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 4016:due to Cuban influence from the 3706: 3595:Spanish language in the Americas 2085:(both Spanish for "Ferdinand"), 1937:of the Latin double consonants ( 933:many international organizations 741: Official majority language 481:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 20894:Zamora Vicente, Alonso (1967), 20782:Variation and Change in Spanish 19813:"Academia Peruana de la Lengua" 19787:"Academia Chilena de la Lengua" 19397:Romanian Explanatory Dictionary 19179:Constitución del léxico español 18920:. RTI Press. pp. 203–220. 18595:The United States Census Bureau 18502:"Europeans and their Languages" 18444:John B. Dabor (1997). "Ch. 7". 17748:. Consultado el 23 August 2012. 17519:"Eurostat estimate to 1/1/2011" 17223:. Population statistics. 2021. 16902:Languages of the United Kingdom 15678:Quispe Fernández, Ezio (2024). 15361: 15339: 15319: 15260: 15142: 15109: 15077: 15051: 15018: 14992: 14965: 14953: 14929:La lengua española en Filipinas 14918: 14874: 14847: 14823:Weedon, Alan (10 August 2019). 14816: 14794:"Studying – In the Philippines" 14786: 14756: 14729: 14702: 14689: 14675: 14649: 14615: 14599:(in Spanish). 30 January 2021. 14585: 14555: 14529: 14503: 14471: 14444: 14413: 14397:(in Arabic). 29 November 2018. 14381: 14330: 14252: 14231: 14192: 14165: 14105: 14073: 14060: 14025: 13977: 13940: 13910: 13884: 13833: 13807: 13777: 13752: 13713: 13686: 13660: 13630: 13601: 13556: 13537: 13518: 13492: 13466: 13425: 13399: 13369: 13338: 13306: 13267: 13228: 13198: 13172: 13146: 13101: 13071: 13010: 12984: 12953: 12923: 12900: 12861: 12822: 12791: 12763: 12581:from the original on 7 May 2023 11927:Inter-American Development Bank 11907:Union of South American Nations 11895:Organization of American States 11557:('I know' or imperative 'be'). 9333:, or becoming a heritage word: 9325:(instead of remaining cultist: 9264: 7373:highland areas of South America 7178:, (3) the sound of the spelled 4067:Spanish protectorate in Morocco 4058:traces its origins back to the 3402:("the language of Cervantes"). 3384:Spanish colonization of America 2109:(both Spanish for "iron"), and 2031:, and found in a small area of 1301:History of the Spanish language 949:Union of South American Nations 945:Organization of American States 592:Union of South American Nations 582:Organization of American States 542:Association of Caribbean States 153:Native: 500 million (2023) 23805:Languages of the United States 23755:Languages of Equatorial Guinea 23680:of the language on their left. 23550:(Western Romance-based pidgin) 20786:. Cambridge University Press. 20751:. Cambridge University Press. 20582:. Cambridge University Press. 20520:. Princeton University Press. 20073:"Academia Argentina de Letras" 19943:"Academia Cubana de la Lengua" 19335:"Similar languages to Spanish" 19024:Historia de la lengua española 18171:(in Spanish). pp. 25–32. 17464:(363 Mexican Spanish speakers) 17325:"Eurostat (1/1/2012 estimate)" 17041:(3.2% speak Spanish in Canada) 16047:"Census ONE estimate for 2022" 15991:"Census INE estimate for 2022" 15589:"datosmundial.com (Argentina)" 15443:(in Spanish). CO: DANE. 2024. 15396:"Census Bureau (01/July/2023)" 15241:(in Spanish), ES, p. 10, 14006:10.5195/REVIBEROAMER.2014.7202 13564:"Puerto Rico Elevates English" 13544:Constitución Política del Perú 13238:Spain: the root and the flower 12731: 12682: 12656: 12567: 12534: 12523: 12219:Spanish dialects and varieties 12213:Spanish dialects and varieties 12089:List of Spanish-language poets 11932: 11734:Countries members of the ASALE 11482:) or with a vowel followed by 10609:Italian dialects and languages 9495:West Iberian Romance languages 9372:, having developed during the 8846:as a popular or rural form in 7654:The verb forms of the general 7151: 7109:Spanish dialects and varieties 6272:in Spanish typically merge as 6125:, meaning that subordinate or 3719:Spanish language in California 2027:extending as far north as the 13: 1: 23825:Subject–verb–object languages 21439:Los Llanos Colombia/Venezuela 20576:Hualde, José Ignacio (2014). 20436:. Columbia University Press. 20344:Elements of General Phonetics 19540:"Scholarly Societies Project" 18927:10.3768/rtipress.bk.0023.2004 17609:(Report) (in Spanish). 2000. 16750:Census INEC estimate for 2020 15969:"31 December 2020 estimation" 15557:, INDEC, 2013, archived from 15459:"datosmundial.com (Colombia)" 15368:Taylor, Paul (4 April 2012). 14467:– via researchgate.net. 13029:Cano Aguilar, Rafael (2013). 12340: 11664:, it would be pronounced *). 11527:('you', object pronoun) with 9189: 8894:, and in parts of Guatemala. 8878:, in the Venezuelan state of 7570:and its verb forms is called 7475:and, to a lesser extent, the 7462: 6890:, on the penultimate syllable 6860:Spanish is classified by its 6358:Ladefoged & Johnson (2010 6179:" language, meaning that the 3953:impeachment of Dilma Rousseff 3741:1848 Guadalupe Hidalgo Treaty 3485:, after English and Chinese. 2133:means "deep"); additionally, 1459:According to the theories of 814:Indo-European language family 20929:Real Academia Española (RAE) 20713:; Otero Roth, Jaime (2008), 20075:. Argentina. 25 March 2010. 19633:. Spain: RAE. Archived from 18466:. Auburn.edu. Archived from 18249:El español en Namibia, 2005. 18200:. Csb.gov.lv. Archived from 17351:"Netherland Census ClockPop" 16798:"2016 INE estimate for 2022" 16157:(page T40): Native speakers. 14829:ABC News and Current Affairs 14513:(in Spanish). 3 March 2008. 14266:Annual Review of Linguistics 13432:Mar-Molinero, Clara (2000). 12937:(in Spanish). 5 March 2014. 12776:(in Spanish), ES: El Mundo, 12345: 12300:Spanish in the United States 12237:Andalusian language movement 12017:Most common words in Spanish 11911:Antarctic Treaty Secretariat 11560:The interrogative pronouns ( 11456:kilo, folklore, whisky, kiwi 9059:Third-person object pronouns 8882:, on the Caribbean coast of 7530:and thus have two different 6198: 6027:Most of the grammatical and 4217:languages of the Philippines 4186:, a standardized version of 4028:North Africa and Macaronesia 3986:Spanish language signage in 3802:, as well as more recently, 3695:(co-official with English), 3541:. Upon the emergence of the 3328:("th-sound") for the letter 3320:pronunciation of the letter 2097:(both Spanish for "smith"), 1121: 1031:Spanish Constitution of 1978 998:, contrasting it with other 885:Ibero-Romance language group 474:Partially recognized country 7: 23547:Mediterranean Lingua Franca 20711:Moreno Fernández, Francisco 20342:Abercrombie, David (1967). 19735:"Informacion institucional" 19292:Ginsburgh & Weber (2011 19112:Dworkin, Steven N. (2012). 17817:El español: una lengua viva 17009:. Statistics Canada. 2022. 16983:. Statistics Canada. 2021. 16582:IBGE population estimations 15615:"Proyecciones de Población" 15441:"PROYECCIONES DE POBLACIÓN" 15352:, US: Census Bureau, 2023, 13156:. Oxford University Press. 12104:Spanish-language literature 11969: 11702:The Royal Spanish Academy ( 11551:(reflexive pronoun) versus 11347:, representing the phoneme 11333:, representing the phoneme 11300:, representing the phoneme 9483:Relation to other languages 9063:Most speakers use (and the 8982:formal/familiar distinction 6151:Spanish is classified as a 4317:Worldwide Spanish fluency ( 4308:Spanish speakers by country 4268:Eastern Polynesian language 4239:Announcement in Spanish on 3937:National Congress of Brazil 3583: 1329:, which was brought to the 1257:suggested that the classic 1201:, and ultimately simply as 1046:las demás lenguas españolas 1026:and other minor languages. 858:fourth-most spoken language 10: 23841: 23249:(mixed Portuguese–Spanish) 22275:Gallo-Italic of Basilicata 22069:Central−Southern Calabrian 21729:Coastal Argentina, Uruguay 21597:spoken by Catalan speakers 20691:(inactive 27 August 2024). 20348:Edinburgh University Press 20334: 19971:. Paraguay. Archived from 19144:Macpherson, I. R. (1980). 18886:Katia Salamanca de Abreu, 18332:"The World Factbook World" 17987:"Census estimate for 2020" 17941:"Resultado 2010 – Persona" 17889:"Census estimate for 2021" 17835:Students across the World. 17661:Statistik, Bundesamt für. 17353:. Cbs.nl. 31 August 2005. 17110:"Census estimate for 2020" 16887:. U.K. Gov. Census. 2020. 16535:"Census estimate for 2022" 16484:"Census estimate for 2020" 16380:"Census estimate for 2022" 15168:World Population Prospects 15117:"UN 2011 to 2100 estimate" 13474:"Background Note: Andorra" 13377:"Summary by language size" 13085:. Real Academia Espańola. 12868:Comparán Rizo, Juan José. 12703:10.31819/9783964565013-007 12605:"Summary by language size" 12325:Spanish in the Philippines 11873: 11849: 11723: 11695: 11539:(preposition 'of') versus 11282:Spanish is written in the 10766: 10723:Native American vocabulary 10670: 10662:(from unknown etymology). 10613:6. Medieval Catalan (e.g. 9486: 9245:), Paraguay, Peru (except 8962: 7490: 7283:is always pronounced as a 7222:voiceless dental fricative 7155: 7106: 6855: 6570:appears to the right of a 6356:Spanish vowel chart, from 6215: 6212:Spanish as spoken in Spain 6003: 5999: 5340:168,000 (60,000 students) 5262:211,533 (14,420 students) 4230: 4114: 4031: 3975: 3943:, making it mandatory for 3860:Baltimore-Washington, D.C. 3716: 3710: 3592: 3526: Between 1% and 3.99% 3520: Between 4% and 8.99% 3492: 3432: 3312:reajuste de las sibilantes 3308:, known in Spanish as the 1996:" to a bilabial fricative 1298: 1294: 966: 905:, a prominent city of the 55: 23654: 23638: 23589: 23538: 23462: 23266: 23239: 23188: 23040: 22926: 22872: 22853: 22804: 22471: 22224: 22215: 22176: 22056: 21941: 21930: 21841: 21803: 21708: 21605: 21543: 21406:Central western Argentina 21336: 21275: 21225: 21187: 21174: 21143: 20857:Vicente, Ángeles (2011). 20688:10.1017/S0025100303001373 20641:; Johnson, Keith (2010), 20463:Eddington, David (2000). 20101:. Uruguay. Archived from 20023:. Bolivia. Archived from 19493:14 September 2007 at the 18862:Learn Spanish with Andrew 18649:15 September 2015 at the 18147:17 September 2009 at the 17405:. Censusdata.abs.gov.au. 17037:22 September 2021 at the 16958:, CA: GC, February 1995, 16870:24 September 2015 at the 14709:Rodríguez-Ponga, Rafael. 14455:. Universidad de Alcalá. 13858:10.1007/s10993-006-9035-2 11996:Spanish words and phrases 11858: 11679: 11673: 11308:, a letter distinct from 10474: 10351: 10343:nūlla(m) rem nāta(m) 10341: 10332: 10197: 10072: 10064: 9949: 9851: 9836: 9737: 9626: 8996:respectively. The use of 8693: 8437: 8434: 8431: 8383: 8127: 8124: 8121: 8073: 7811: 7808: 7805: 7540:in the formal and either 7346:voiceless dental sibilant 7311:voiceless dental sibilant 7285:voiceless dental sibilant 6886:in words that end with a 6849: 6847: 6836: 6834: 6825: 6823: 6812: 6810: 6801: 6780: 6778: 6719: 6705: 6696: 6687: 6673: 6657: 6637: 6616: 6611: 6606: 6601: 6596: 6480:—which alternate between 6228:Western Romance languages 4834: 4817: 4797: 4777: 4710: 4690: 4622: 4562: 4482: 4402: 3966: 3488: 3429:Geographical distribution 2981: 2823: 2810: 2793: 2732: 2550: 2536: 2458: 2448: 2354: 1866: 1855: 1784: 1762: 1738: 1717: 1706: 1632: 1621: 1528:Western Romance languages 1481:Iberian Romance languages 1000:languages spoken in Spain 848:. Spanish is the world's 759: 730: 716: 700: 684: 668: 650: 632: 627: 605: 567:Latin American Parliament 337:Official language in 335: 330: 313: 288: 260: 161: 149: 101: 79: 74: 69: 23795:Languages of Puerto Rico 23750:Languages of El Salvador 22557:North American dialects 22064:Extreme Southern Italian 20268:, US News, 29 June 2015. 20264:23 November 2018 at the 19919:. Panama. Archived from 19631:"Real Academia Española" 19498:(in Spanish and English) 19482:6 September 2007 at the 19402:18 February 2020 at the 19220:www.cervantesvirtual.com 19032:Castro, Américo (1985). 19022:Lapesa, Raphael (1960). 18983:Versteegh, Kees (2003). 18966:, Madrid (Gredos) 2004, 18896:21 December 2012 at the 18856:Andrew (10 April 2018). 18842:10.15446/fyf.v27n2.47558 17849:30 November 2011 at the 17252:27 December 2021 at the 16940:18 February 2020 at the 16844:"2020 US. census Bureau" 16695:"INEC estimate for 2022" 16118:"INSEE estimate to 2021" 15782:Census estimate for 2024 15269:2024 population estimate 14926:Quilis, Antonio (1996), 13530:8 September 2014 at the 13350:Centro Virtual Cervantes 13314:"La lengua de Cervantes" 13206:"Spanish Language Facts" 12871:Raices Griegas y latinas 12285:Central American Spanish 11891:World Trade Organization 11375:, 'double r', or simply 10199:manu(m) sinistra(m) 9186:as an indirect object). 9005: 8733:) is called "pronominal 7486: 6973:pronouns attached (e.g. 6897:, on the final syllable. 6893:when the word ends in a 4283:Northern Mariana Islands 4243:, welcoming visitors to 1550:of Latin stressed short 1311:Cartularies of Valpuesta 864:, Mandarin Chinese, and 31:latest accepted revision 23730:Languages of Costa Rica 21976:Central−Northern Latian 21486:Colombia-Ecuador border 20579:Los sonidos del español 19789:. Chile. Archived from 19471:11 October 2017 at the 18013:"Census of India, 2022" 17740:15 January 2013 at the 17689:24 January 2022 at the 17577:(Report) (in Spanish). 17505:5 November 2013 at the 17171:6 November 2013 at the 16566:7 February 2016 at the 16521:15 January 2013 at the 16469:13 January 2022 at the 16439:"es.ripleybelieves.com" 16104:13 October 2011 at the 15529:. INDEC. Archived from 15512:2 November 2023 at the 14895:(Master) (in Spanish). 13720:Crawford, John (1992). 12912:6 February 2021 at the 12012:Longest word in Spanish 11409:, instead of following 10791: 10727:Spanish colonial period 10510: 10413: 10404: 10268: 10258: 10249: 10116: 10010: 10001: 9896: 9853:tertia(m) fēria(m) 9773: 9674: 9666: 9555:or between Spanish and 9546:gives estimates of the 9467:(such as the Gallicism 9174:as a direct object, or 8721:with the verb forms of 8715:The use of the pronoun 8701:coincide with standard 8391:coincide with standard 8117:Central American voseo 8081:coincide with standard 7678:) verbs. The forms for 6866:syllable-timed language 6250: 6112:Spanish irregular verbs 4175:American administration 4110: 4002:Spanish colonial period 3887:native Spanish speaking 3477:, making it the fourth 3469:, making it the second 3365:Elio Antonio de Nebrija 3189: 3179: 3153: 3143: 3011: 3001: 2897: 2883: 2805: 2795: 2710: 2696: 2545: 2356: 2342: 2252: 2237: 2231: 1868: 1775: 1518:The development of the 1347:Indo-European languages 1343:Paleohispanic languages 1144: 883:Spanish is part of the 23815:Languages of Venezuela 23775:Languages of Nicaragua 23760:Languages of Guatemala 23710:Languages of Argentina 22280:Gallo-Italic of Sicily 21132:Dialects and varieties 20898:Dialectología española 20430:Dalby, Andrew (1998). 19815:. Peru. Archived from 19466:Real Academia Española 19379:, probably from Latin 18754:4 October 2013 at the 18162:"EL ESPAÑOL EN CIFRAS" 17972:7 January 2012 at the 17132:El español en el mundo 16918:, DE: Destatis, 2020, 16865:US. Census Bureau 2017 16800:. 2022. Archived from 16755:7 October 2011 at the 16697:. INEC. Archived from 16658:"Census 2021 estimate" 15690:: INEI. Archived from 15148:Ethnologue, 18th Ed.: 14376:Fernández Vítores 2018 14243:Latin American Spanish 13993:Revista Iberoamericana 13892:"Brazilian Law 11.161" 13828:Valle & Villa 2006 13235:Crow, John A. (2005). 13044:10.4000/e-spania.22518 12295:South American Spanish 12280:North American Spanish 12257:(Extremaduran Spanish) 12109:Spanish-language music 12038:Spanish-speaking world 11948: 11746: 11740: 11735: 11705:Real Academia Española 11704: 11660: 11654: 11648: 11635: 11629: 11623: 11617: 11609:Real Academia Española 11608: 11598: 11592: 11586: 11580: 11574: 11568: 11562: 11553: 11547: 11541: 11535: 11529: 11523: 11517: 11511: 11464: 11455: 11449: 11443: 11434: 11425: 11377: 11371: 11365: 11343: 11329: 11296: 11216:Palenquero or Palenque 11211:Chavacano or Chabacano 10694: 10686: 10648:("dark, unfortunate"). 10603: 10591: 10583: 10571: 10551: 10544: 10537: 10528: 10519: 10503: 10494: 10485: 10462: 10454: 10448: 10441: 10432: 10423: 10397: 10387: 10379: 10370: 10361: 10320: 10313: 10306: 10296: 10287: 10278: 10241: 10234: 10225: 10215: 10206: 10185: 10178: 10171: 10161: 10153: 10144: 10134: 10125: 10109: 10100: 10090: 10081: 10052: 10045: 10038: 10029: 10020: 9994: 9981: 9971: 9962: 9937: 9930: 9923: 9914: 9905: 9889: 9876: 9867: 9824: 9817: 9810: 9800: 9791: 9782: 9766: 9757: 9748: 9725: 9718: 9711: 9701: 9692: 9683: 9659: 9646: 9637: 9534:Mutual intelligibility 9479:in American Spanish). 9301:(built from the Latin 9253: 9247: 9241: 9235: 9229: 9215: 9209: 9203: 9197: 9182: 9176: 9170: 9164: 9158: 9152: 9144: 9136: 9128: 9096: 9079: 9073: 9071:prefers) the pronouns 9067:Real Academia Española 9065: 9051: 9045: 9034: 9028: 9022: 9011: 8998: 8992: 8986: 8968: 8899: 8870: 8864: 8856: 8842: 8836: 8800: 8794: 8787: 8765: 8759: 8753: 8747: 8741: 8735: 8729: 8723: 8717: 8684: 8675: 8669: 8662: 8655: 8648: 8642: 8635: 8626: 8619: 8608: 8599: 8593: 8586: 8579: 8572: 8566: 8559: 8550: 8543: 8532: 8523: 8517: 8510: 8503: 8496: 8490: 8483: 8474: 8467: 8419: 8413: 8407: 8376: 8367: 8359: 8352: 8343: 8334: 8325: 8316: 8309: 8300: 8291: 8283: 8276: 8267: 8258: 8249: 8240: 8233: 8224: 8215: 8207: 8200: 8191: 8182: 8173: 8164: 8157: 8109: 8103: 8097: 8066: 8057: 8049: 8040: 8031: 8022: 8013: 8004: 7997: 7988: 7979: 7971: 7962: 7953: 7944: 7935: 7926: 7919: 7910: 7901: 7893: 7884: 7875: 7866: 7857: 7848: 7841: 7786: 7780: 7774: 7764: 7758: 7752: 7746: 7736: 7730: 7720: 7714: 7704: 7686: 7680: 7666:except in the present 7662: 7656: 7647: 7641: 7627: 7617: 7607: 7601: 7592: 7586: 7580: 7572: 7566: 7560: 7554: 7548: 7542: 7536: 7512: 7503: 7454: 7440: 7420: 7297: 7261: 7253: 7245: 7212: 7206: 7200: 7182:, (4) and the phoneme 7104: 7031: 7025: 7019: 7013: 7011:('he/she limits') and 7007: 7001: 6995: 6989: 6975: 6962: 6956: 6950: 6944: 6938: 6932: 6926: 6920: 6914: 6908: 6902: 6537: 6521: 6460:; (4) a set of voiced 6361: 6340: 6334: 6328: 6322: 6316: 6310: 6304: 6298: 6292: 6286: 6280: 6274: 6268: 6262: 6256: 6244: 6213: 6024: 4247: 4245:Rapa Nui National Park 4170: 4134: 3994: 3736: 3534: 3462: 3399:la lengua de Cervantes 3398: 3353: 3310: 3301: 3294: 3268: 3261: 3254: 3247: 3241: 3235: 3227: 3220: 3205: 3199: 3169: 3163: 3133: 3123: 3102: 3095: 3088: 3081: 3074: 3065: 3056: 3049: 3043: 3031: 3025: 3018: 2994: 2983: 2962: 2955: 2948: 2941: 2934: 2927: 2920: 2914: 2907: 2890: 2873: 2853: 2846: 2839: 2832: 2825: 2818: 2812: 2785: 2765: 2758: 2751: 2741: 2734: 2727: 2720: 2703: 2686: 2609: 2602: 2595: 2588: 2578: 2572: 2566: 2559: 2552: 2538: 2521: 2514: 2507: 2500: 2489: 2479: 2473: 2467: 2460: 2450: 2433: 2426: 2418: 2409: 2398: 2389: 2383: 2377: 2370: 2363: 2349: 2332: 2315: 2308: 2296: 2286: 2280: 2273: 2266: 2259: 2245: 2221: 2157: 2151: 2145: 2135: 2129: 2127:means "bottom", while 2123: 2117: 2111: 2105: 2099: 2093: 2087: 2081: 2075: 2065: 2059: 2053: 2047: 2041: 2016: 2010: 1988: 1982: 1980:The consonant written 1973: 1967: 1961: 1955: 1949: 1943: 1930: 1908: 1901: 1889: 1882: 1875: 1857: 1836: 1825: 1818: 1807: 1800: 1793: 1786: 1764: 1747: 1740: 1733: 1726: 1719: 1708: 1687: 1676: 1669: 1654: 1647: 1641: 1634: 1623: 1558: 1552: 1542: 1536: 1485: 1440:through the period of 1318: 1287: 1281: 1271: 1265: 1259: 1238: 1228: 1218: 1212: 1203: 1197: 1191: 1185: 1179: 1173: 1167: 1154: 1138: 1128: 1114: 1108: 1102: 1094: 1085: 1079: 1074:Real Academia Española 1073: 1065: 1058: 1045: 1035: 988: 980: 893: 816:that evolved from the 804: 794: 761:This article contains 619:Real Academia Española 617: 91: 84: 62:West Iberian languages 23785:Languages of Paraguay 23765:Languages of Honduras 23725:Languages of Colombia 22767:Poitevin–Saintongeais 20778:Penny, Ralph (2000). 20745:Penny, Ralph (1991). 20644:A Course in Phonetics 20205:. Equatorial Guinea. 19452:16 April 2008 at the 18904:, 28 (1973), 138–146. 18715:10.1515/IJSL.2009.021 18462:Spanish Pronunciation 18224:"Jamaican Population" 17638:. 19 September 2019. 17460:26 March 2023 at the 17377:"ins.ci Census, 2009" 17112:. HCP. Archived from 16933:native-level skills. 16365:29 April 2013 at the 16301:29 April 2013 at the 16253:29 April 2013 at the 16153:29 April 2013 at the 15993:. INE. Archived from 15331:, US: Census Bureau, 14627:"The loss of Spanish" 14537:"Historia de un país" 14136:10.1353/hcs.2011.0376 13924:. 23 September 2016. 13274:Thomas, Hugh (2005). 13109:"cartularioshistoria" 12611:. SIL International. 12310:Equatoguinean Spanish 12099:Royal Spanish Academy 11733: 11698:Royal Spanish Academy 11692:Royal Spanish Academy 10751:A related dialect is 10692: 10680: 10671:Further information: 10476:cāseu(m) fōrmāticu(m) 9487:Further information: 8897:Areas of generalized 7500: 7235:, and the Americas), 7102: 7035:('he/she sold off'). 6519:in the merger called 6355: 6284:before a vowel (e.g. 6211: 6013: 4238: 4157: 4132: 3985: 3978:Equatoguinean Spanish 3878:(known until 1973 as 3734: 3514: More than 8.99% 3502: 3442: 3288: 1933:Spanish is marked by 1928: 1376:, the most important 1308: 1198:lenguaje de Castiella 1069:Royal Spanish Academy 1055: 457:Dependent territories 23810:Languages of Uruguay 23745:Languages of Ecuador 23715:Languages of Bolivia 22576:St. Marys Bay French 22100:Neapolitan–Calabrese 20948:Educational websites 20806:, UN, archived from 20719:, Barcelona: Ariel, 19715:on 15 September 2010 19637:on 29 September 2010 19611:on 23 September 2010 19546:on 23 September 2010 18709:(196–197): 185–186. 18384:Zamora Vicente (1967 18366:21 July 2017 at the 18254:2 March 2013 at the 18069:26 June 2014 at the 18039:"Statistics – FAQ's" 17137:Spanish in the world 16853:on 23 December 2015. 15316:: Spanish only 92.7% 15171:, EU, archived from 14858:. The Manila Times. 14484:. Cvc.cervantes.es. 14394:Sahara Press Service 13999:(248–249): 865–882. 12994:. 10 February 2024. 12907:Spanish in the World 12638:"Official Languages" 12195:Philippine languages 10789:A manuscript of the 10733:, French, Greek and 10458:(negative particle) 9739:frātre(m) germānu(m) 9370:influenced by Arabic 8763:) is called "verbal 8095:In Central American 7072:Hispanophone America 6248:vs. Leon. and Arag. 6047:systems exhibit two 4361:131,216,221 (99.2%) 4358:128,041,635 (96.8%) 4355:124,073,402 (93.8%) 4179:Spanish–American War 4143:Spanish colonization 3866:Rest of the Americas 3800:Arizona Sun Corridor 3508: Native country 2149:("to satisfy"), and 2143:to the root word of 1520:Spanish sound system 1461:Ramón Menéndez Pidal 1255:Ramón Menéndez Pidal 974:Name of the language 491:Significant minority 278:Early Modern Spanish 135:[kasteˈʎano] 121:[kasteˈʝano] 23780:Languages of Panama 23770:Languages of Mexico 22928:Galician–Portuguese 21954:Central Marchigiano 20935:Instituto Cervantes 20027:on 29 November 2010 20001:on 22 December 2010 19923:on 29 November 2010 19793:on 5 September 2010 19741:on 4 September 2011 19663:on 19 February 2008 18986:The Arabic language 18962:Bergua Cavero, J., 18678:on 5 February 2011. 18589:Bureau, US Census. 18372:Instituto Cervantes 18260:Instituto Cervantes 18226:. Statinja.gov.jm. 17795:4 June 2019 at the 17673:on 14 January 2016. 17185:"Euromonitor, 2012" 16053:on 14 November 2019 15780:[Reports]. 15697:on 10 October 2017. 15533:on 26 February 2014 15417:. pewresearch.org. 15372:. pewhispanic.org. 15276:on 10 February 2018 15025:Engelberg, Stefan. 14625:(4 December 2007). 13570:. 29 January 1993. 13549:17 May 2014 at the 12920:, 18 November 2019. 12798:Rice, John (2010). 12504:. pp. 23–142. 12502:Instituto Cervantes 12079:Instituto Cervantes 11859:Instituto Cervantes 11852:Instituto Cervantes 11846:Cervantes Institute 11643:" pronunciation. A 11621:is written between 11521:('he' or 'it'), or 11244:Instituto Cervantes 10769:Spanish orthography 10251:manu izquierda 10217:mano siniestra 10208:mano izquierda 8428: 8118: 7802: 7798:River Plate Spanish 7428:Rioplatense Spanish 7365:⟨lli⟩ 7239:does not exist and 7095:Dialectal variation 7048:Spanish orthography 7029:('I sell off') and 6591: 6590:Consonant phonemes 6435:and are subject to 6433:lose their contrast 6348:Segmental phonology 6153:subject–verb–object 6015:Miguel de Cervantes 5557:Trinidad and Tobago 5357:167,410 (students) 5279:193,018 (students) 5158:356,000 (students) 5141:412,515 (students) 5028:566,178 (students) 4980:(1% of 18,246,731) 4757:(11% of 51,862,391) 4650:(14% of 47,756,439) 4644:(4% of 47,756,439) 4603:10,473,231 (99.6%) 4600:10,367,011 (97.6%) 4597:10,367,011 (97.6%) 4583:10,553,301 (87.9%) 4563:11,159,232 (99.8%) 4560:11,159,232 (99.8%) 4546:14,997,214 (86.4%) 4543:13,591,225 (78.3%) 4540:12,133,162 (69.9%) 4526:18,001,350 (98.1%) 4523:17,579,300 (95.8%) 4506:19,945,772 (99.3%) 4503:19,262,836 (95.9%) 4483:29,532,910 (86.6%) 4480:28,271,112 (82.9%) 4466:32,214,158 (98.8%) 4463:31,725,077 (97.3%) 4443:46,785,235 (99.4%) 4440:46,173,356 (98.1%) 4437:45,561,476 (96.8%) 4423:48,553,886 (99.5%) 4417:41,770,981 (85.6%) 4403:52,274,384 (99.2%) 4374:43,369,734 (13.7%) 4322: 4275:Spanish East Indies 4006:Instituto Cervantes 3891:Trinidad and Tobago 3723:New Mexican Spanish 3388:Miguel de Cervantes 3380:Spanish East Indies 3306:sibilant consonants 2073:in modern Spanish: 1562:—which occurred in 1315:Glosas Emilianenses 1192:romanz de Castiella 911:early modern period 547:Caribbean Community 21:Page version status 23800:Languages of Spain 23720:Languages of Chile 23705:Fusional languages 23342:Catalan Ribagorçan 23189:Pyrenean–Mozarabic 22461:Judaeo-Piedmontese 22371:Bustocco–Legnanese 22166:Northern Calabrian 21373:Chiloé Archipelago 20902:, Madrid: Gredos, 20813:on 15 January 2013 19819:on 12 October 2010 19383:('sack'), Italian 18747:Charles B. Chang, 18625:has generic name ( 18536:. Infoplease.com. 18336:The World Factbook 18274:"cvc.cervantes.es" 17947:on 17 January 2012 17475:"cvc.cervantes.es" 17383:on 13 January 2012 17293:"cvc.cervantes.es" 17154:on 17 October 2012 16683:Languages of Italy 15997:on 11 October 2010 15940:The World factbook 15711:The World factbook 15682:[Numbers] 15300:The World Factbook 15124:UN Population data 14659:. Chanrobles.com. 14350:. pp. 32–46. 13795:on 3 November 2010 13644:. 12 August 2021. 13642:U.S. Census Bureau 13568:the New York Times 13440:. pp. 19–20. 13383:. 3 October 2018. 12810:on 18 January 2013 12695:Calderón en Europa 12575:"Ethnologue, 2022" 12306:Spanish in Africa 12251:(Galician Spanish) 12232:Andalusian Spanish 12227:Peninsular Spanish 11864:U.S. Census Bureau 11808:Dominican Republic 11736: 11639:, it indicates a " 11627:and a front vowel 11472:Toponymy of Mexico 11435:ch, ll, rr, gu, qu 11415:⟨ll⟩ 11411:⟨cz⟩ 11407:⟨ci⟩ 11403:⟨cg⟩ 11399:⟨ch⟩ 11391:⟨ll⟩ 11387:⟨ch⟩ 11361:⟨rr⟩ 11339:⟨ll⟩ 11325:⟨ch⟩ 10695: 10687: 10314:mano sinistra 9863:"third (holi)day" 9838:die(m) mārtis 9548:lexical similarity 9428:, as well as from 9225:Peninsular Spanish 8426: 8116: 7793: 7694:) by deleting the 7513: 7446:⟨ch⟩ 7412:⟨ll⟩ 7357:⟨ll⟩ 7174:of syllable-final 7105: 7054:Speaker population 6589: 6506:⟨rr⟩ 6362: 6242:sound (e.g. Cast. 6214: 6025: 5647:(2% of 1,759,701) 5181:(1% of 32,413,735) 5175:(1% of 32,413,735) 5099:(6% of 7,791,240) 5010:(5% of 13,371,980) 5004:(1% of 13,371,980) 4986:(5% of 18,246,731) 4942:1,320,401 (87.7%) 4884:(4% of 64,409,146) 4878:(1% of 64,409,146) 4859:(6% of 51,848,010) 4853:(1% of 51,848,010) 4832:3,095,293 (94.2%) 4818:3,486,338 (98.4%) 4798:3,931,942 (91.9%) 4778:5,225,537 (99.3%) 4751:(2% of 51,862,391) 4711:6,311,954 (99.7%) 4691:6,404,399 (97.1%) 4668:6,596,520 (68.2%) 4665:5,083,420 (61.5%) 4638:(1% of 47,756,439) 4623:9,402,596 (98.7%) 4589:Dominican Republic 4577:7,287,661 (60.7%) 4520:17,065,500 (93%) 4316: 4248: 4171: 4168:Philippine Islands 4135: 4121:Philippine Spanish 3995: 3990:, capital city of 3972:Sub-Saharan Africa 3737: 3683:(co-official with 3675:(co-official with 3641:Dominican Republic 3535: 3532: Less than 1% 3495:Peninsular Spanish 3463: 3302: 3290:Antonio de Nebrija 2624:consonant clusters 2303:fizu, fìgiu, fillu 1931: 1515:, from the 1570s. 1501:Mozarabic dialects 1319: 1180:Romance castellano 1171:and later also as 996:Kingdom of Castile 907:Kingdom of Castile 382:Dominican Republic 155:Total: 600 million 107:[espaˈɲol] 27: 23790:Languages of Peru 23735:Languages of Cuba 23687: 23686: 23663:extinct languages 23585: 23584: 23262: 23261: 23221:Navarro-Aragonese 23106:Peruvian Ribereño 23031:Judaeo-Portuguese 22946:Galician–Asturian 22849: 22848: 22840:Old Gallo-Romance 22794:Wisconsin Walloon 22211: 22210: 22184:Dalmatian Romance 21792:Romance languages 21758: 21757: 21744: 21730: 21701: 21691: 21681: 21671: 21654: 21588: 21578: 21539: 21538: 21520: 21519:Coastal Argentina 21506: 21487: 21468: 21454: 21440: 21426: 21407: 21393: 21392:Central Argentina 21374: 21299: 20909:978-8-424-91115-7 20838:978-90-272-5255-5 20654:978-1-4282-3126-9 20589:978-0-521-16823-6 20527:978-0-691-13689-9 20403:978-1-4441-3769-9 20357:978-0-85224-451-7 20179:. United States. 19189:978-84-9822-653-9 19147:Spanish phonology 19125:978-0-19-954114-0 19080:ASELE. Actas XIII 19045:978-0-520-05469-1 18937:978-1-934831-24-3 18798:"Voseo según DPD" 18514:on 6 January 2016 18432:Abercrombie (1967 18312:on 19 August 2012 18090:on 19 August 2010 18045:on 5 January 2014 17684:exteriores.gob.es 17575:Spanish in belize 17545:"Accueil – INSAE" 17430:Medium projection 17192:exteriores.gob.es 17116:on 20 March 2014. 16804:on 22 March 2019. 16360:Eurobarometr 2012 16296:Eurobarometr 2012 16248:Eurobarometr 2012 16148:Eurobarometr 2012 16073:"INE (Pop clock)" 15979:on 14 March 2020. 15561:on 1 October 2018 14378:, pp. 32–46. 13623:978-90-04-43322-9 13461:Mar-Molinero 2000 13326:on 3 October 2008 13287:978-0-8129-7055-5 13248:978-0-520-24496-2 13113:www.euskonews.com 12918:Language Magazine 12881:978-968-5430-01-2 12712:978-3-96456-501-3 12644:on 5 January 2024 12337: 12336: 12290:Caribbean Spanish 12244:Castilian Spanish 12223:European Spanish 12022:Spanish profanity 11955:Article 1 of the 11937:Article 1 of the 11840:Equatorial Guinea 11488:⟨s⟩ 11484:⟨n⟩ 11480:⟨y⟩ 11314:⟨n⟩ 11310:⟨n⟩ 11280: 11279: 10793:Cantar de mio Cid 10663: 10607:in many Southern 10589:4. Alternatively 10561: 10560: 10326:'left hand' 10235:mão esquerda 10227:man esquerda 9378:Iberian Peninsula 9279:Romance languages 8745:with the pronoun 8713: 8712: 8709: 8403: 8402: 8399: 8093: 8092: 8089: 7801: 7450:⟨x⟩ 7436:⟨j⟩ 7416:⟨y⟩ 7408:⟨y⟩ 7318:⟨s⟩ 7305:is pronounced as 7281:⟨z⟩ 7277:⟨i⟩ 7273:⟨e⟩ 7269:⟨c⟩ 7218:⟨z⟩ 7180:⟨s⟩ 7138:unstressed vowels 7082:, Spanish is the 7068:Equatorial Guinea 7044:⟨s⟩ 7040:⟨n⟩ 6853: 6852: 6508:in orthography). 6502:⟨r⟩ 6218:Spanish phonology 6209: 6037:fusional language 6033:Romance languages 5997: 5996: 5965: 5946:3,500 (students) 5893: 5858: 5857:(1% of 1,447,866) 5826:US Virgin Islands 5820: 5780: 5774: 5768: 5752: 5751:(1% of 2,829,740) 5715: 5714:(1% of 4,549,955) 5676: 5675:(49,264 students) 5654: 5653:(3% of 1,759,701) 5648: 5631: 5630:(36,373 students) 5610: 5609:(54,499 students) 5532: 5531:(1% of 8,320,614) 5512: 5511:(84,313 students) 5490: 5489:(1% of 9,012,443) 5470: 5469:(92,168 students) 5448: 5447:(2% of 6,537,510) 5442: 5441:(2% of 6,537,510) 5424: 5423:(3% of 4,440,004) 5404: 5403:(4% of 3,522,000) 5398: 5397:(1% of 3,522,000) 5303: 5302:(4% of 4,561,264) 5297: 5296:(1% of 4,561,264) 5206: 5205:(4% of 7,009,827) 5200: 5199:(1% of 7,009,827) 5182: 5176: 5124: 5123:(5% of 8,939,546) 5118: 5117:(1% of 8,939,546) 5100: 5094: 5093:(1% of 7,791,240) 5088: 5087:(1% of 7,791,240) 5072: 5050: 5011: 5005: 4987: 4981: 4960: 4959:(4% of 8,080,915) 4929:Equatorial Guinea 4901:1,171,450 (3.2%) 4885: 4879: 4860: 4854: 4815: 4795: 4775: 4758: 4752: 4733: 4708: 4688: 4651: 4645: 4639: 4620: 4500: 4460: 4420:46,845,960 (96%) 4400:52,168,992 (99%) 4386: 4380: 4341: 3998:Equatorial Guinea 3992:Equatorial Guinea 3752:Hispanic American 3407:Equatorial Guinea 3342:⟨i⟩ 3338:⟨e⟩ 3334:⟨c⟩ 3330:⟨z⟩ 3322:⟨j⟩ 3282: 3281: 2619: 2618: 1922: 1921: 1454:Renaissance Latin 1402:Catalan/Valencian 1394:Navarro-Aragonese 1382:Romance languages 1331:Iberian Peninsula 1323:Romance languages 1248:Iberian Peninsula 1242:('of Hispania'). 1222:derives from the 1186:romanz castellano 1051:Spanish languages 1049:(lit. "the other 1041:official language 1016:Catalan/Valencian 828:. Today, it is a 822:Iberian Peninsula 787: 786: 769:rendering support 765:phonetic symbols. 607:Regulated by 397:Equatorial Guinea 58:Castilian Spanish 39:24 September 2024 18: 23832: 23700:Spanish language 23208:Judaeo-Aragonese 23197:Andalusi Romance 23050:Amazonic Spanish 22887:Western Asturian 22870: 22869: 22809:Franco-Provençal 22480: 22479: 22376:Comasco–Lecchese 22234:Emilian–Romagnol 22222: 22221: 22022:Regional Italian 22012:Italo-Australian 21939: 21938: 21861:Megleno-Romanian 21785: 21778: 21771: 21762: 21761: 21742: 21728: 21699: 21690:(mixed language) 21689: 21679: 21669: 21648: 21586: 21576: 21518: 21504: 21485: 21466: 21452: 21438: 21424: 21405: 21391: 21372: 21293: 21185: 21184: 21125: 21118: 21111: 21102: 21101: 21096: 21088: 21087: 21086: 21079: 21071: 21070: 21069: 21062: 21054: 21053: 21052: 21045: 21037: 21036: 21035: 21028: 21020: 21019: 21018: 21011: 21003: 21002: 21001: 20994: 20986: 20985: 20984: 20974: 20968:Spanish language 20912: 20901: 20890: 20888: 20886: 20853: 20852: 20850: 20821: 20820: 20818: 20812: 20797: 20785: 20774: 20772: 20770: 20741: 20740: 20738: 20706: 20700: 20692: 20690: 20669: 20668: 20666: 20639:Ladefoged, Peter 20634: 20605: 20603: 20601: 20572: 20543: 20541: 20539: 20510: 20508: 20506: 20500: 20494:. Archived from 20469: 20459: 20457: 20455: 20426: 20407: 20395: 20384: 20382: 20380: 20361: 20329: 20328: 20326: 20324: 20305: 20299: 20298: 20296: 20294: 20275: 20269: 20257:Stephen Burgen, 20255: 20249: 20248: 20246: 20244: 20233:www.cervantes.es 20225: 20219: 20218: 20216: 20214: 20199: 20193: 20192: 20190: 20188: 20173: 20167: 20166: 20164: 20162: 20147: 20141: 20140: 20138: 20136: 20121: 20115: 20114: 20112: 20110: 20105:on 19 March 2011 20095: 20089: 20088: 20086: 20084: 20069: 20063: 20062: 20060: 20058: 20043: 20037: 20036: 20034: 20032: 20017: 20011: 20010: 20008: 20006: 19991: 19985: 19984: 19982: 19980: 19965: 19959: 19958: 19956: 19954: 19939: 19933: 19932: 19930: 19928: 19913: 19907: 19906: 19904: 19902: 19887: 19881: 19880: 19878: 19876: 19861: 19855: 19854: 19852: 19850: 19845:on 4 August 2008 19835: 19829: 19828: 19826: 19824: 19809: 19803: 19802: 19800: 19798: 19783: 19777: 19776: 19774: 19772: 19757: 19751: 19750: 19748: 19746: 19731: 19725: 19724: 19722: 19720: 19705: 19699: 19698: 19696: 19694: 19679: 19673: 19672: 19670: 19668: 19653: 19647: 19646: 19644: 19642: 19627: 19621: 19620: 19618: 19616: 19601: 19595: 19594: 19592: 19590: 19562: 19556: 19555: 19553: 19551: 19536: 19530: 19529: 19527: 19525: 19506: 19500: 19499: 19463: 19457: 19444: 19438: 19437: 19435: 19433: 19422:"Ladinokomunita" 19417: 19406: 19361: 19355: 19354: 19352: 19350: 19331: 19325: 19324: 19322: 19320: 19301: 19295: 19289: 19283: 19277: 19271: 19265: 19259: 19254: 19248: 19242: 19236: 19235: 19233: 19231: 19212: 19206: 19205: 19203: 19201: 19173: 19171: 19169: 19141: 19139: 19137: 19109: 19100: 19098: 19096: 19094: 19088: 19077: 19068: 19062: 19061: 19059: 19057: 19027: 19019: 19013: 19012: 19010: 19008: 18980: 18974: 18960: 18954: 18953: 18951: 18949: 18929: 18911: 18905: 18884: 18878: 18877: 18875: 18873: 18853: 18847: 18846: 18844: 18820: 18814: 18813: 18811: 18809: 18794: 18788: 18787: 18785: 18783: 18768: 18759: 18745: 18739: 18738: 18736: 18734: 18698: 18692: 18686: 18680: 18679: 18677: 18670: 18659: 18653: 18637: 18631: 18630: 18624: 18620: 18618: 18610: 18608: 18606: 18586: 18580: 18579: 18577: 18575: 18566:. 29 June 2015. 18556: 18550: 18549: 18547: 18545: 18530: 18524: 18523: 18521: 18519: 18513: 18507:. Archived from 18506: 18498: 18492: 18486: 18480: 18479: 18477: 18475: 18456: 18450: 18449: 18441: 18435: 18429: 18423: 18417: 18411: 18405: 18399: 18393: 18387: 18381: 18375: 18358: 18352: 18351: 18349: 18347: 18328: 18322: 18321: 18319: 18317: 18302: 18296: 18295: 18293: 18291: 18285: 18278: 18270: 18264: 18246: 18240: 18239: 18237: 18235: 18220: 18214: 18213: 18211: 18209: 18194: 18188: 18187: 18185: 18183: 18177: 18169:cvc.cervantes.es 18166: 18158: 18152: 18138: 18132: 18131: 18129: 18127: 18121: 18114: 18106: 18100: 18099: 18097: 18095: 18080: 18074: 18061: 18055: 18054: 18052: 18050: 18035: 18029: 18028: 18026: 18024: 18009: 18003: 18002: 18000: 17998: 17989:. Stats.gov.cn. 17983: 17977: 17966:CSO – Statistics 17963: 17957: 17956: 17954: 17952: 17937: 17931: 17930: 17928: 17926: 17911: 17905: 17904: 17902: 17900: 17885: 17879: 17878: 17876: 17874: 17869:on 31 March 2014 17859: 17853: 17842: 17836: 17834: 17833: 17831: 17825: 17814: 17806: 17800: 17787: 17781: 17780: 17778: 17776: 17770: 17763: 17755: 17749: 17732: 17726: 17725: 17723: 17721: 17715: 17708: 17700: 17694: 17681: 17675: 17674: 17669:. Archived from 17667:www.bfs.admin.ch 17658: 17652: 17651: 17649: 17647: 17632: 17626: 17625: 17623: 17621: 17615: 17608: 17600: 17591: 17590: 17588: 17586: 17571: 17565: 17564: 17562: 17560: 17549:www.insae-bj.org 17541: 17535: 17534: 17532: 17530: 17515: 17509: 17497: 17491: 17490: 17488: 17486: 17471: 17465: 17452: 17446: 17445: 17444: 17442: 17425: 17419: 17418: 17416: 17414: 17399: 17393: 17392: 17390: 17388: 17379:. Archived from 17373: 17367: 17366: 17364: 17362: 17347: 17341: 17340: 17338: 17336: 17321: 17315: 17314: 17312: 17310: 17304: 17297: 17289: 17283: 17282: 17280: 17278: 17263: 17257: 17246:cvc.cervantes.es 17243: 17237: 17236: 17234: 17232: 17217: 17211: 17210: 17208: 17206: 17200: 17189: 17181: 17175: 17162: 17156: 17155: 17153: 17142: 17127: 17118: 17117: 17106: 17100: 17099: 17097: 17095: 17080: 17074: 17073: 17071: 17069: 17063: 17056: 17048: 17042: 17029: 17023: 17022: 17020: 17018: 17003: 16997: 16996: 16994: 16992: 16977: 16971: 16970: 16969: 16967: 16950: 16944: 16930: 16924: 16923: 16910: 16904: 16899: 16893: 16892: 16881: 16875: 16861: 16855: 16854: 16852: 16846:. Archived from 16840: 16834: 16833: 16832: 16830: 16812: 16806: 16805: 16794: 16788: 16787: 16786: 16784: 16766: 16760: 16747: 16741: 16740: 16738: 16736: 16717: 16711: 16710: 16708: 16706: 16701:on 27 March 2012 16691: 16685: 16680: 16674: 16673: 16671: 16669: 16654: 16648: 16647: 16645: 16643: 16637: 16630: 16622: 16616: 16615: 16609: 16601: 16600: 16598: 16577: 16571: 16557: 16551: 16550: 16548: 16546: 16531: 16525: 16512: 16506: 16505: 16503: 16501: 16495: 16488: 16480: 16474: 16461: 16455: 16454: 16452: 16450: 16435: 16429: 16428: 16426: 16424: 16405: 16399: 16398: 16396: 16394: 16388: 16376: 16370: 16357: 16306: 16293: 16258: 16245: 16158: 16145: 16134: 16133: 16131: 16129: 16114: 16108: 16095: 16089: 16088: 16086: 16084: 16075:. Archived from 16069: 16063: 16062: 16060: 16058: 16043: 16037: 16036: 16034: 16032: 16013: 16007: 16006: 16004: 16002: 15987: 15981: 15980: 15975:. Archived from 15965: 15959: 15958: 15953: 15951: 15932: 15926: 15925: 15923: 15907: 15901: 15900: 15898: 15896: 15887:. CIA Factbook. 15880: 15874: 15873: 15872: 15870: 15856: 15841: 15835: 15834: 15829: 15827: 15808: 15802: 15801: 15799: 15797: 15774: 15768: 15767: 15762: 15760: 15741: 15735: 15734: 15729: 15727: 15705: 15699: 15698: 15696: 15685: 15675: 15669: 15668: 15663: 15661: 15642: 15636: 15634: 15632: 15630: 15611: 15605: 15604: 15602: 15600: 15585: 15579: 15576: 15570: 15569: 15568: 15566: 15549: 15543: 15542: 15540: 15538: 15523: 15517: 15504: 15493: 15492: 15481: 15475: 15474: 15472: 15470: 15455: 15449: 15448: 15437: 15431: 15430: 15428: 15426: 15410: 15404: 15403: 15392: 15386: 15385: 15383: 15381: 15365: 15359: 15357: 15343: 15337: 15336: 15323: 15317: 15315: 15314: 15312: 15294: 15285: 15284: 15283: 15281: 15264: 15258: 15256: 15255: 15253: 15247: 15240: 15230: 15207: 15206: 15201: 15199: 15193: 15186: 15176: 15162: 15153: 15146: 15140: 15139: 15137: 15135: 15121: 15113: 15107: 15106: 15104: 15102: 15096: 15089: 15081: 15075: 15074: 15072: 15070: 15065:on 18 March 2015 15061:. Archived from 15055: 15049: 15048: 15046: 15044: 15038: 15031: 15022: 15016: 15015: 15013: 15011: 14996: 14990: 14989: 14988: 14986: 14981:on 17 April 2008 14969: 14963: 14957: 14951: 14950: 14949: 14947: 14941: 14934: 14924:Spanish creole: 14922: 14916: 14915: 14913: 14911: 14905: 14894: 14878: 14872: 14871: 14869: 14867: 14851: 14845: 14844: 14842: 14840: 14820: 14814: 14813: 14811: 14809: 14800:. Archived from 14790: 14784: 14783: 14781: 14779: 14760: 14754: 14753: 14751: 14749: 14733: 14727: 14726: 14724: 14722: 14706: 14700: 14693: 14687: 14679: 14673: 14672: 14670: 14668: 14653: 14647: 14646: 14644: 14642: 14637:on 11 March 2012 14619: 14613: 14612: 14610: 14608: 14589: 14583: 14582: 14580: 14578: 14559: 14553: 14552: 14550: 14548: 14533: 14527: 14526: 14524: 14522: 14507: 14501: 14500: 14498: 14496: 14490: 14483: 14475: 14469: 14468: 14466: 14464: 14451:Martos, Isabel. 14448: 14442: 14441: 14439: 14437: 14426:El Independiente 14417: 14411: 14410: 14408: 14406: 14385: 14379: 14373: 14367: 14366: 14364: 14362: 14356: 14345: 14334: 14328: 14322: 14311: 14310: 14308: 14306: 14256: 14250: 14249: 14235: 14229: 14228: 14226: 14224: 14196: 14190: 14189: 14188: 14186: 14169: 14163: 14162: 14160: 14158: 14152: 14121: 14109: 14103: 14102: 14100: 14098: 14092: 14085: 14077: 14071: 14064: 14058: 14057: 14055: 14053: 14029: 14023: 14022: 14020: 14018: 14008: 13981: 13975: 13974: 13972: 13970: 13964: 13953: 13944: 13938: 13937: 13935: 13933: 13914: 13908: 13907: 13905: 13903: 13888: 13882: 13881: 13879: 13877: 13837: 13831: 13825: 13819: 13818: 13811: 13805: 13804: 13802: 13800: 13781: 13775: 13774: 13772: 13770: 13764: 13756: 13750: 13749: 13747: 13745: 13717: 13711: 13709: 13707: 13705: 13690: 13684: 13683: 13681: 13679: 13664: 13658: 13657: 13655: 13653: 13634: 13628: 13627: 13605: 13599: 13593: 13584: 13583: 13581: 13579: 13560: 13554: 13541: 13535: 13522: 13516: 13515: 13513: 13511: 13496: 13490: 13489: 13487: 13485: 13470: 13464: 13458: 13452: 13451: 13429: 13423: 13422: 13420: 13418: 13403: 13397: 13396: 13394: 13392: 13373: 13367: 13365: 13363: 13361: 13342: 13336: 13335: 13333: 13331: 13325: 13318: 13310: 13304: 13303: 13301: 13299: 13271: 13265: 13264: 13262: 13260: 13232: 13226: 13225: 13223: 13221: 13210:Encyclopedia.com 13202: 13196: 13195: 13193: 13191: 13176: 13170: 13169: 13167: 13165: 13150: 13144: 13138: 13129: 13128: 13126: 13124: 13115:. Archived from 13105: 13099: 13098: 13096: 13094: 13075: 13069: 13068: 13066: 13064: 13046: 13026: 13017: 13014: 13008: 13007: 13005: 13003: 12988: 12982: 12981: 12979: 12977: 12966:+Babbel Magazine 12957: 12951: 12950: 12948: 12946: 12927: 12921: 12904: 12898: 12897: 12895: 12893: 12865: 12859: 12858: 12856: 12854: 12826: 12820: 12819: 12817: 12815: 12806:. Archived from 12795: 12789: 12788: 12787: 12785: 12767: 12761: 12760: 12758: 12756: 12735: 12729: 12728: 12726: 12724: 12686: 12680: 12679: 12677: 12675: 12660: 12654: 12653: 12651: 12649: 12634: 12625: 12624: 12622: 12620: 12600: 12591: 12590: 12588: 12586: 12571: 12565: 12564: 12562: 12560: 12538: 12532: 12527: 12521: 12520: 12518: 12516: 12510: 12499: 12490: 12321:Spanish in Asia 12268:Canarian Spanish 12054:Hispanic culture 12027:Spanish proverbs 11991: 11986: 11981: 11980: 11951: 11861: 11860: 11749: 11743: 11714:Standard Spanish 11707: 11682: 11681: 11676: 11675: 11663: 11657: 11651: 11638: 11632: 11626: 11620: 11611: 11601: 11595: 11589: 11583: 11577: 11571: 11565: 11556: 11550: 11544: 11538: 11532: 11526: 11520: 11514: 11489: 11485: 11481: 11469: 11458: 11452: 11446: 11437: 11428: 11416: 11412: 11408: 11404: 11400: 11392: 11388: 11384: 11380: 11374: 11368: 11362: 11358: 11354: 11346: 11340: 11336: 11332: 11326: 11320:). Formerly the 11315: 11311: 11307: 11299: 11293: 11272: 11265: 11258: 10983:Central American 10796: 10787: 10777:Spanish language 10773: 10772: 10711:Yiddish language 10657: 10629:Reintegrationism 10616:Llibre dels fets 10606: 10594: 10586: 10574: 10564: 10554: 10547: 10540: 10533: 10524: 10515: 10506: 10499: 10490: 10479: 10478: 10477: 10465: 10457: 10451: 10444: 10437: 10428: 10418: 10409: 10400: 10398:nada (arch. rés) 10392: 10384: 10375: 10366: 10356: 10355: 10354: 10346: 10345: 10344: 10337: 10336: 10335: 10323: 10321:mâna stângă 10316: 10309: 10307:main gauche 10301: 10298:mà sinistra 10292: 10289:mà esquerra 10283: 10273: 10263: 10254: 10244: 10242:mão sẽestra 10237: 10230: 10220: 10211: 10202: 10201: 10200: 10188: 10181: 10174: 10166: 10158: 10149: 10139: 10130: 10121: 10112: 10105: 10095: 10086: 10077: 10076: 10075: 10069: 10068: 10067: 10055: 10048: 10041: 10034: 10025: 10015: 10006: 9997: 9990: 9976: 9967: 9958: 9957: 9956: 9952: 9940: 9933: 9926: 9919: 9910: 9901: 9892: 9885: 9882:Terza Feira 9872: 9856: 9855: 9854: 9841: 9840: 9839: 9827: 9820: 9813: 9805: 9796: 9787: 9778: 9769: 9762: 9753: 9742: 9741: 9740: 9728: 9721: 9714: 9706: 9697: 9688: 9679: 9671: 9662: 9660:nós, nós outros 9655: 9642: 9631: 9630: 9629: 9567: 9566: 9527:Romance language 9459:. For its part, 9256: 9250: 9244: 9238: 9232: 9218: 9212: 9206: 9200: 9185: 9179: 9173: 9167: 9161: 9155: 9149: 9141: 9133: 9099: 9082: 9076: 9070: 9054: 9048: 9039: 9031: 9025: 9014: 9001: 8995: 8989: 8971: 8902: 8888:Azuero Peninsula 8873: 8867: 8859: 8845: 8839: 8803: 8797: 8790: 8768: 8762: 8756: 8750: 8744: 8738: 8732: 8726: 8720: 8694: 8689: 8680: 8672: 8665: 8658: 8651: 8645: 8638: 8631: 8622: 8613: 8604: 8596: 8589: 8582: 8575: 8569: 8562: 8555: 8546: 8537: 8528: 8520: 8513: 8506: 8499: 8493: 8486: 8479: 8470: 8429: 8425: 8422: 8416: 8410: 8384: 8379: 8372: 8364: 8355: 8348: 8339: 8330: 8321: 8312: 8303: 8296: 8288: 8279: 8272: 8263: 8254: 8245: 8236: 8227: 8220: 8212: 8203: 8196: 8187: 8178: 8169: 8160: 8119: 8115: 8112: 8106: 8100: 8074: 8069: 8062: 8054: 8045: 8036: 8027: 8018: 8009: 8000: 7991: 7984: 7976: 7967: 7958: 7949: 7940: 7931: 7922: 7913: 7906: 7898: 7889: 7880: 7871: 7862: 7853: 7844: 7803: 7795: 7792: 7789: 7783: 7777: 7771: 7761: 7755: 7749: 7743: 7733: 7727: 7717: 7711: 7701: 7689: 7683: 7665: 7659: 7650: 7644: 7630: 7620: 7610: 7604: 7595: 7589: 7583: 7577: 7569: 7563: 7557: 7551: 7545: 7539: 7506: 7457: 7451: 7447: 7443: 7437: 7425: 7417: 7414:and the spelled 7413: 7409: 7394: 7386: 7375:, as well as in 7366: 7358: 7354: 7319: 7304: 7300: 7293: 7282: 7278: 7274: 7270: 7266: 7258: 7250: 7242: 7238: 7219: 7215: 7209: 7203: 7197: 7189: 7181: 7177: 7169: 7045: 7041: 7034: 7028: 7022: 7016: 7010: 7004: 6998: 6992: 6978: 6965: 6959: 6953: 6947: 6941: 6935: 6929: 6923: 6917: 6911: 6905: 6877:yes/no questions 6845: 6821: 6798: 6789: 6769: 6761: 6753: 6745: 6738: 6724: 6717: 6710: 6703: 6692: 6685: 6678: 6671: 6655: 6646: 6635: 6592: 6588: 6569: 6565: 6561: 6557: 6549: 6542: 6534: 6530: 6526: 6518: 6514: 6507: 6503: 6500:-sounds (single 6479: 6476:, and sometimes 6475: 6471: 6467: 6452: 6415: 6411: 6407: 6403: 6399: 6395: 6387: 6383: 6379: 6375: 6371: 6343: 6337: 6331: 6325: 6319: 6313: 6307: 6301: 6295: 6290:) or the ending 6289: 6283: 6277: 6271: 6265: 6259: 6253: 6247: 6241: 6210: 5963: 5891: 5856: 5819:(4,346 students) 5818: 5778: 5772: 5766: 5750: 5713: 5674: 5652: 5646: 5629: 5608: 5530: 5510: 5488: 5468: 5446: 5440: 5422: 5402: 5396: 5301: 5295: 5225:270,160 (62.8%) 5222:224,130 (52.1%) 5219:224,130 (52.1%) 5204: 5198: 5180: 5174: 5122: 5116: 5098: 5092: 5086: 5070: 5048: 5009: 5003: 4985: 4979: 4958: 4939:1,114,135 (74%) 4923:1,664,823 (10%) 4883: 4877: 4858: 4852: 4835:3,253,015 (99%) 4813: 4793: 4773: 4756: 4750: 4731: 4706: 4686: 4671:6,484,714 (87%) 4649: 4643: 4637: 4618: 4580:9,965,006 (83%) 4498: 4458: 4384: 4378: 4339: 4323: 4320: 4315: 4291:Marshall Islands 4195:Ferdinand Marcos 4086:Hassaniya Arabic 4034:Canarian Spanish 3880:British Honduras 3601:Hispanic America 3589:Hispanic America 3531: 3525: 3519: 3513: 3507: 3475:foreign language 3459: 3453: 3447: 3401: 3369:Queen Isabella I 3358: 3343: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3323: 3315: 3299: 3271: 3264: 3257: 3250: 3244: 3238: 3230: 3223: 3211: 3202: 3195: 3186: 3175: 3166: 3159: 3150: 3139: 3130: 3119: 3105: 3098: 3091: 3084: 3077: 3071: 3062: 3052: 3046: 3038: 3028: 3021: 3014: 3008: 2997: 2990: 2979: 2965: 2958: 2951: 2944: 2937: 2930: 2923: 2917: 2910: 2903: 2893: 2886: 2879: 2869: 2856: 2849: 2842: 2835: 2828: 2821: 2815: 2808: 2801: 2791: 2781: 2768: 2761: 2754: 2744: 2737: 2730: 2723: 2716: 2706: 2699: 2692: 2682: 2657:Gascon / Occitan 2630: 2629: 2612: 2605: 2598: 2591: 2584: 2575: 2569: 2562: 2555: 2548: 2541: 2534: 2524: 2517: 2510: 2503: 2495: 2485: 2476: 2470: 2463: 2453: 2446: 2436: 2429: 2421: 2416:fàghere, fàere, 2412: 2404: 2395: 2386: 2380: 2373: 2366: 2359: 2352: 2345: 2338: 2328: 2318: 2311: 2299: 2292: 2283: 2276: 2269: 2262: 2255: 2248: 2240: 2234: 2227: 2217: 2195:Gascon / Occitan 2168: 2167: 2160: 2154: 2148: 2138: 2132: 2126: 2120: 2114: 2108: 2102: 2096: 2090: 2084: 2078: 2068: 2062: 2056: 2050: 2044: 2019: 2013: 1999: 1991: 1985: 1976: 1970: 1964: 1958: 1952: 1946: 1915: 1904: 1892: 1885: 1878: 1871: 1864: 1853: 1843: 1832: 1821: 1814: 1803: 1796: 1789: 1782: 1771: 1760: 1750: 1743: 1736: 1729: 1722: 1715: 1704: 1694: 1683: 1672: 1661: 1650: 1644: 1637: 1630: 1619: 1597:Gascon / Occitan 1570: 1569: 1561: 1555: 1548:diphthongization 1545: 1539: 1490: 1390:Andalusi Romance 1339:Second Punic War 1290: 1284: 1274: 1269:took the suffix 1268: 1262: 1241: 1231: 1221: 1215: 1206: 1200: 1194: 1188: 1182: 1176: 1170: 1157: 1147: 1141: 1131: 1117: 1111: 1105: 1099: 1088: 1082: 1076: 1061: 1048: 1038: 993: 985: 959:, among others. 935:, including the 896: 854:Mandarin Chinese 810:Romance language 807: 797: 752: 746: 740: 735: 726: 712: 696: 680: 673: 664: 663: 655: 646: 645: 637: 622: 537:Andean Community 319: 303:Spanish alphabet 294: 167: 145: 144: 143: 137: 131: 130: 129: 123: 117: 116: 115: 109: 94: 87: 67: 66: 51:Romance language 23840: 23839: 23835: 23834: 23833: 23831: 23830: 23829: 23690: 23689: 23688: 23683: 23650: 23634: 23612:Pannonian Latin 23598:African Romance 23581: 23534: 23465: 23458: 23396:Judeo-Provençal 23269: 23258: 23235: 23184: 23094:Chilean Chilote 23036: 22922: 22863: 22859: 22856: 22845: 22833:Moselle Romance 22800: 22649:Missouri French 22610:Franco-Ontarian 22485: 22474: 22467: 22207: 22172: 22149:Southern Latian 22052: 22017:Maltese Italian 21949:Central Italian 21933: 21926: 21921:Common Romanian 21837: 21821:Italo-Dalmatian 21799: 21789: 21759: 21754: 21743:Central America 21704: 21601: 21545: 21535: 21425:Coastal Ecuador 21332: 21271: 21227:Central America 21221: 21176: 21170: 21144:Africa and Asia 21139: 21129: 21099: 21089: 21084: 21082: 21075:Spanish edition 21072: 21067: 21065: 21061:from Wikivoyage 21055: 21050: 21048: 21038: 21033: 21031: 21021: 21016: 21014: 21004: 20999: 20997: 20993:from Wiktionary 20987: 20982: 20980: 20977: 20973:sister projects 20970:at Knowledge's 20960:AprenderEspanol 20920: 20915: 20910: 20884: 20882: 20848: 20846: 20839: 20816: 20814: 20810: 20794: 20768: 20766: 20759: 20736: 20734: 20727: 20694: 20693: 20664: 20662: 20655: 20599: 20597: 20590: 20537: 20535: 20528: 20504: 20502: 20498: 20467: 20453: 20451: 20444: 20423: 20404: 20378: 20376: 20358: 20337: 20332: 20322: 20320: 20307: 20306: 20302: 20292: 20290: 20277: 20276: 20272: 20266:Wayback Machine 20256: 20252: 20242: 20240: 20227: 20226: 20222: 20212: 20210: 20201: 20200: 20196: 20186: 20184: 20175: 20174: 20170: 20160: 20158: 20153:. Puerto Rico. 20149: 20148: 20144: 20134: 20132: 20123: 20122: 20118: 20108: 20106: 20097: 20096: 20092: 20082: 20080: 20071: 20070: 20066: 20056: 20054: 20045: 20044: 20040: 20030: 20028: 20019: 20018: 20014: 20004: 20002: 19993: 19992: 19988: 19978: 19976: 19975:on 28 July 2011 19967: 19966: 19962: 19952: 19950: 19941: 19940: 19936: 19926: 19924: 19915: 19914: 19910: 19900: 19898: 19889: 19888: 19884: 19874: 19872: 19863: 19862: 19858: 19848: 19846: 19837: 19836: 19832: 19822: 19820: 19811: 19810: 19806: 19796: 19794: 19785: 19784: 19780: 19770: 19768: 19759: 19758: 19754: 19744: 19742: 19733: 19732: 19728: 19718: 19716: 19707: 19706: 19702: 19692: 19690: 19681: 19680: 19676: 19666: 19664: 19655: 19654: 19650: 19640: 19638: 19629: 19628: 19624: 19614: 19612: 19603: 19602: 19598: 19588: 19586: 19579: 19563: 19559: 19549: 19547: 19538: 19537: 19533: 19523: 19521: 19508: 19507: 19503: 19497: 19495:Wayback Machine 19484:Wayback Machine 19473:Wayback Machine 19464: 19460: 19454:Wayback Machine 19445: 19441: 19431: 19429: 19418: 19409: 19404:Wayback Machine 19362: 19358: 19348: 19346: 19333: 19332: 19328: 19318: 19316: 19303: 19302: 19298: 19290: 19286: 19278: 19274: 19266: 19262: 19255: 19251: 19243: 19239: 19229: 19227: 19214: 19213: 19209: 19199: 19197: 19190: 19167: 19165: 19158: 19135: 19133: 19126: 19110: 19103: 19092: 19090: 19086: 19075: 19069: 19065: 19055: 19053: 19046: 19030: 19028: 19020: 19016: 19006: 19004: 18997: 18981: 18977: 18961: 18957: 18947: 18945: 18938: 18912: 18908: 18898:Wayback Machine 18885: 18881: 18871: 18869: 18854: 18850: 18829:Forma y Función 18821: 18817: 18807: 18805: 18796: 18795: 18791: 18781: 18779: 18770: 18769: 18762: 18756:Wayback Machine 18746: 18742: 18732: 18730: 18699: 18695: 18687: 18683: 18675: 18668: 18660: 18656: 18651:Wayback Machine 18645:, pp. 154–155, 18638: 18634: 18622: 18621: 18612: 18611: 18604: 18602: 18587: 18583: 18573: 18571: 18558: 18557: 18553: 18543: 18541: 18532: 18531: 18527: 18517: 18515: 18511: 18504: 18500: 18499: 18495: 18489:Eddington (2000 18487: 18483: 18473: 18471: 18470:on 8 March 2012 18458: 18457: 18453: 18442: 18438: 18430: 18426: 18418: 18414: 18406: 18402: 18394: 18390: 18382: 18378: 18368:Wayback Machine 18359: 18355: 18345: 18343: 18330: 18329: 18325: 18315: 18313: 18304: 18303: 18299: 18289: 18287: 18283: 18276: 18272: 18271: 18267: 18256:Wayback Machine 18247: 18243: 18233: 18231: 18222: 18221: 18217: 18207: 18205: 18204:on 28 June 2013 18196: 18195: 18191: 18181: 18179: 18175: 18164: 18160: 18159: 18155: 18149:Wayback Machine 18139: 18135: 18125: 18123: 18119: 18112: 18110:"2009 estimate" 18108: 18107: 18103: 18093: 18091: 18082: 18081: 18077: 18071:Wayback Machine 18062: 18058: 18048: 18046: 18037: 18036: 18032: 18022: 18020: 18011: 18010: 18006: 17996: 17994: 17985: 17984: 17980: 17974:Wayback Machine 17964: 17960: 17950: 17948: 17939: 17938: 17934: 17924: 17922: 17913: 17912: 17908: 17898: 17896: 17887: 17886: 17882: 17872: 17870: 17861: 17860: 17856: 17851:Wayback Machine 17843: 17839: 17829: 17827: 17823: 17812: 17808: 17807: 17803: 17799:. 2015 estimate 17797:Wayback Machine 17788: 17784: 17774: 17772: 17768: 17761: 17757: 17756: 17752: 17742:Wayback Machine 17733: 17729: 17719: 17717: 17713: 17706: 17702: 17701: 17697: 17691:Wayback Machine 17682: 17678: 17659: 17655: 17645: 17643: 17634: 17633: 17629: 17619: 17617: 17613: 17606: 17602: 17601: 17594: 17584: 17582: 17573: 17572: 17568: 17558: 17556: 17543: 17542: 17538: 17528: 17526: 17517: 17516: 17512: 17507:Wayback Machine 17498: 17494: 17484: 17482: 17473: 17472: 17468: 17462:Wayback Machine 17453: 17449: 17440: 17438: 17427: 17426: 17422: 17412: 17410: 17401: 17400: 17396: 17386: 17384: 17375: 17374: 17370: 17360: 17358: 17349: 17348: 17344: 17334: 17332: 17323: 17322: 17318: 17308: 17306: 17302: 17295: 17291: 17290: 17286: 17276: 17274: 17265: 17264: 17260: 17254:Wayback Machine 17244: 17240: 17230: 17228: 17219: 17218: 17214: 17204: 17202: 17198: 17187: 17183: 17182: 17178: 17173:Wayback Machine 17163: 17159: 17151: 17140: 17129: 17128: 17121: 17108: 17107: 17103: 17093: 17091: 17086:. 14 May 2020. 17084:"allontario.ca" 17082: 17081: 17077: 17067: 17065: 17061: 17054: 17050: 17049: 17045: 17039:Wayback Machine 17030: 17026: 17016: 17014: 17005: 17004: 17000: 16990: 16988: 16979: 16978: 16974: 16965: 16963: 16952: 16951: 16947: 16942:Wayback Machine 16931: 16927: 16912: 16911: 16907: 16900: 16896: 16883: 16882: 16878: 16872:Wayback Machine 16862: 16858: 16850: 16842: 16841: 16837: 16828: 16826: 16815: 16813: 16809: 16796: 16795: 16791: 16782: 16780: 16769: 16767: 16763: 16757:Wayback Machine 16748: 16744: 16734: 16732: 16719: 16718: 16714: 16704: 16702: 16693: 16692: 16688: 16681: 16677: 16667: 16665: 16656: 16655: 16651: 16641: 16639: 16635: 16628: 16624: 16623: 16619: 16603: 16602: 16596: 16594: 16579: 16578: 16574: 16568:Wayback Machine 16558: 16554: 16544: 16542: 16533: 16532: 16528: 16523:Wayback Machine 16513: 16509: 16499: 16497: 16493: 16486: 16482: 16481: 16477: 16471:Wayback Machine 16462: 16458: 16448: 16446: 16437: 16436: 16432: 16422: 16420: 16407: 16406: 16402: 16392: 16390: 16386: 16378: 16377: 16373: 16367:Wayback Machine 16358: 16309: 16303:Wayback Machine 16294: 16261: 16255:Wayback Machine 16246: 16161: 16155:Wayback Machine 16146: 16137: 16127: 16125: 16116: 16115: 16111: 16106:Wayback Machine 16096: 16092: 16082: 16080: 16071: 16070: 16066: 16056: 16054: 16045: 16044: 16040: 16030: 16028: 16015: 16014: 16010: 16000: 15998: 15989: 15988: 15984: 15967: 15966: 15962: 15949: 15947: 15934: 15933: 15929: 15921: 15909: 15908: 15904: 15894: 15892: 15881: 15877: 15868: 15866: 15850: 15843: 15842: 15838: 15825: 15823: 15810: 15809: 15805: 15795: 15793: 15776: 15775: 15771: 15758: 15756: 15743: 15742: 15738: 15725: 15723: 15707: 15706: 15702: 15694: 15683: 15676: 15672: 15659: 15657: 15644: 15643: 15639: 15628: 15626: 15613: 15612: 15608: 15598: 15596: 15587: 15586: 15582: 15577: 15573: 15564: 15562: 15551: 15550: 15546: 15536: 15534: 15525: 15524: 15520: 15514:Wayback Machine 15505: 15496: 15483: 15482: 15478: 15468: 15466: 15457: 15456: 15452: 15439: 15438: 15434: 15424: 15422: 15411: 15407: 15394: 15393: 15389: 15379: 15377: 15366: 15362: 15346: 15344: 15340: 15325: 15324: 15320: 15310: 15308: 15296: 15295: 15288: 15279: 15277: 15266: 15265: 15261: 15251: 15249: 15245: 15238: 15232: 15231: 15210: 15197: 15195: 15191: 15184: 15178: 15165: 15163: 15156: 15147: 15143: 15133: 15131: 15119: 15115: 15114: 15110: 15100: 15098: 15094: 15087: 15083: 15082: 15078: 15068: 15066: 15057: 15056: 15052: 15042: 15040: 15036: 15029: 15023: 15019: 15009: 15007: 14998: 14997: 14993: 14984: 14982: 14971: 14970: 14966: 14958: 14954: 14945: 14943: 14939: 14932: 14923: 14919: 14909: 14907: 14903: 14892: 14879: 14875: 14865: 14863: 14852: 14848: 14838: 14836: 14821: 14817: 14807: 14805: 14804:on 8 April 2023 14792: 14791: 14787: 14777: 14775: 14762: 14761: 14757: 14747: 14745: 14734: 14730: 14720: 14718: 14707: 14703: 14694: 14690: 14680: 14676: 14666: 14664: 14655: 14654: 14650: 14640: 14638: 14620: 14616: 14606: 14604: 14591: 14590: 14586: 14576: 14574: 14561: 14560: 14556: 14546: 14544: 14535: 14534: 14530: 14520: 14518: 14509: 14508: 14504: 14494: 14492: 14488: 14481: 14477: 14476: 14472: 14462: 14460: 14449: 14445: 14435: 14433: 14418: 14414: 14404: 14402: 14387: 14386: 14382: 14374: 14370: 14360: 14358: 14354: 14343: 14335: 14331: 14323: 14314: 14304: 14302: 14257: 14253: 14236: 14232: 14222: 14220: 14197: 14193: 14184: 14182: 14171: 14170: 14166: 14156: 14154: 14150: 14119: 14113:Lipski, John M. 14110: 14106: 14096: 14094: 14090: 14083: 14079: 14078: 14074: 14065: 14061: 14051: 14049: 14038:Revista Cátedra 14030: 14026: 14016: 14014: 13985:Lipski, John M. 13982: 13978: 13968: 13966: 13962: 13951: 13945: 13941: 13931: 13929: 13916: 13915: 13911: 13901: 13899: 13890: 13889: 13885: 13875: 13873: 13846:Language Policy 13838: 13834: 13826: 13822: 13813: 13812: 13808: 13798: 13796: 13783: 13782: 13778: 13768: 13766: 13762: 13758: 13757: 13753: 13743: 13741: 13734: 13718: 13714: 13703: 13701: 13692: 13691: 13687: 13677: 13675: 13666: 13665: 13661: 13651: 13649: 13636: 13635: 13631: 13624: 13606: 13602: 13594: 13587: 13577: 13575: 13562: 13561: 13557: 13551:Wayback Machine 13542: 13538: 13532:Wayback Machine 13523: 13519: 13509: 13507: 13498: 13497: 13493: 13483: 13481: 13472: 13471: 13467: 13459: 13455: 13448: 13430: 13426: 13416: 13414: 13405: 13404: 13400: 13390: 13388: 13375: 13374: 13370: 13359: 13357: 13344: 13343: 13339: 13329: 13327: 13323: 13316: 13312: 13311: 13307: 13297: 13295: 13288: 13272: 13268: 13258: 13256: 13249: 13233: 13229: 13219: 13217: 13204: 13203: 13199: 13189: 13187: 13186:on 14 June 2008 13178: 13177: 13173: 13163: 13161: 13152: 13151: 13147: 13139: 13132: 13122: 13120: 13119:on 2 April 2016 13107: 13106: 13102: 13092: 13090: 13077: 13076: 13072: 13062: 13060: 13027: 13020: 13015: 13011: 13001: 12999: 12990: 12989: 12985: 12975: 12973: 12958: 12954: 12944: 12942: 12929: 12928: 12924: 12914:Wayback Machine 12905: 12901: 12891: 12889: 12882: 12866: 12862: 12852: 12850: 12843: 12827: 12823: 12813: 12811: 12796: 12792: 12783: 12781: 12768: 12764: 12754: 12752: 12737: 12736: 12732: 12722: 12720: 12713: 12687: 12683: 12673: 12671: 12662: 12661: 12657: 12647: 12645: 12636: 12635: 12628: 12618: 12616: 12601: 12594: 12584: 12582: 12573: 12572: 12568: 12558: 12556: 12539: 12535: 12528: 12524: 12514: 12512: 12508: 12497: 12491: 12352: 12348: 12343: 12338: 12315:Saharan Spanish 12261:Murcian Spanish 12215: 12141: 12119: 12059:Hispanicization 12040: 11998: 11984:Language portal 11982: 11975: 11972: 11935: 11879: 11872: 11854: 11848: 11728: 11722: 11700: 11694: 11689: 11545:('give' ), and 11487: 11483: 11479: 11414: 11410: 11406: 11402: 11398: 11390: 11386: 11360: 11338: 11324: 11313: 11309: 11287: 11276: 11206:Roquetas Pidgin 10928:irregular verbs 10798: 10771: 10765: 10744:(immigrants to 10675: 10669: 10655: 10649: 10632: 10626: 10620: 10612: 10600: 10588: 10568: 10566: 10562: 10545:formaggio/cacio 10480: 10475: 10452: 10410: 10376: 10352: 10349: 10348:"no born thing" 10347: 10342: 10339: 10333: 10293: 10265: 10255: 10238: 10212: 10198: 10150: 10131: 10087: 10073: 10070: 10065: 10007: 9968: 9954: 9953: 9950: 9862: 9859:Late Latin 9852: 9849: 9847: 9837: 9797: 9744:"true brother" 9743: 9738: 9698: 9632: 9627: 9491: 9485: 9350:Classical Greek 9343:Catholic Church 9267: 9219:(word used for 9192: 9107:(regardless of 9061: 9008: 8976:, and parts of 8965: 8957:Valle del Cauca 8783: 8673: 8646: 8597: 8570: 8521: 8494: 8449:Imperfect past 8365: 8289: 8213: 8139:Imperfect past 8055: 7977: 7899: 7823:Imperfect past 7635:forms, and the 7534:meaning "you": 7495: 7489: 7477:object pronouns 7465: 7449: 7445: 7435: 7426:in Spanish. In 7415: 7411: 7407: 7381:lowland Bolivia 7364: 7361:palatal lateral 7356: 7332:fricatives. In 7317: 7280: 7276: 7272: 7268: 7217: 7179: 7172:debuccalization 7160: 7154: 7130:Mexican Spanish 7111: 7097: 7056: 7043: 7039: 7017:('I limited'); 6858: 6582:ones alternate 6505: 6501: 6350: 6220: 6203: 6201: 6189:subir corriendo 6123:right-branching 6104:T-V distinction 6035:. Spanish is a 6008: 6006:Spanish grammar 6002: 5964:(1% of 335,476) 5892:(1% of 945,733) 5779:(6% of 404,907) 5773:(2% of 404,907) 5767:(1% of 404,907) 5728:22,758 (77.3%) 5256:197,113 (2.3%) 4898:600,795 (1.6%) 4318: 4310: 4233: 4221:Mexican Spanish 4127: 4113: 4040: 4038:Saharan Spanish 4030: 3980: 3974: 3969: 3935:. In 2005, the 3902:Dutch Caribbean 3868: 3729: 3715: 3709: 3597: 3591: 3586: 3543:Castilian Crown 3533: 3529: 3527: 3523: 3521: 3517: 3515: 3511: 3509: 3505: 3497: 3491: 3467:native language 3461: 3457: 3455: 3451: 3449: 3445: 3437: 3431: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3329: 3321: 3283: 3277: 3275: 3203: 3187: 3167: 3151: 3131: 3113: 2973: 2968:'plenty, full' 2864: 2776: 2677: 2620: 2532: 2487: 2444: 2326: 2215: 2161:("satisfied"). 2139:("to make") is 2029:Gironde estuary 1923: 1851: 1758: 1702: 1617: 1450:Classical Latin 1438:Gothic language 1424:. Spanish also 1321:Like the other 1309:The Visigothic 1303: 1297: 1142:or archaically 1124: 1062: 976: 971: 965: 926:social sciences 830:global language 767:Without proper 755: 754: 750: 748: 744: 742: 738: 722: 708: 692: 689: 676: 669: 659: 658: 651: 641: 640: 633: 614: 601: 528: 527: 524: 518: 517: 494: 493: 486: 485: 477: 476: 469: 468: 460: 459: 452: 451: 348: 347: 338: 331:Official status 320: 315: 308:Spanish Braille 306: 295: 290: 284: 263: 256: 203:Western Romance 183:Latino-Faliscan 168: 165:Language family 163: 156: 154: 139: 138: 125: 124: 118: 111: 110: 97: 65: 52: 47: 46: 45: 44: 43: 42: 26: 12: 11: 5: 23838: 23828: 23827: 23822: 23820:Lingua francas 23817: 23812: 23807: 23802: 23797: 23792: 23787: 23782: 23777: 23772: 23767: 23762: 23757: 23752: 23747: 23742: 23737: 23732: 23727: 23722: 23717: 23712: 23707: 23702: 23685: 23684: 23682: 23681: 23674: 23665: 23655: 23652: 23651: 23649: 23648: 23642: 23640: 23636: 23635: 23633: 23632: 23631: 23630: 23625: 23615: 23608: 23601: 23593: 23591: 23587: 23586: 23583: 23582: 23580: 23579: 23578: 23577: 23572: 23567: 23562: 23551: 23542: 23540: 23536: 23535: 23533: 23532: 23531: 23530: 23525: 23520: 23515: 23510: 23500: 23499: 23498: 23493: 23483: 23482: 23481: 23470: 23468: 23460: 23459: 23457: 23456: 23455: 23454: 23453: 23452: 23438: 23437: 23436: 23431: 23421: 23420: 23419: 23409: 23404: 23399: 23392: 23391: 23390: 23383: 23378: 23373: 23363: 23353: 23352: 23351: 23350: 23349: 23344: 23336: 23331: 23328:Judaeo-Catalan 23324: 23323: 23322: 23317: 23312: 23311: 23310: 23305: 23295: 23287: 23274: 23272: 23264: 23263: 23260: 23259: 23257: 23256: 23250: 23243: 23241: 23237: 23236: 23234: 23233: 23232: 23231: 23217: 23212: 23211: 23210: 23200: 23192: 23190: 23186: 23185: 23183: 23182: 23175: 23174: 23173: 23168: 23163: 23158: 23157: 23156: 23151: 23146: 23141: 23136: 23135: 23134: 23117: 23116: 23115: 23110: 23109: 23108: 23098: 23097: 23096: 23083:Latin American 23079: 23074: 23062: 23060:Judaeo-Spanish 23057: 23052: 23046: 23044: 23038: 23037: 23035: 23034: 23027: 23026: 23025: 23020: 23015: 23014: 23013: 23001: 23000: 22999: 22987: 22982: 22975: 22963: 22956: 22951: 22950: 22949: 22938: 22932: 22930: 22924: 22923: 22921: 22920: 22913: 22908: 22907: 22906: 22896: 22891: 22890: 22889: 22878: 22876: 22867: 22851: 22850: 22847: 22846: 22844: 22843: 22836: 22829: 22828: 22827: 22822: 22817: 22805: 22802: 22801: 22799: 22798: 22797: 22796: 22791: 22781: 22780: 22779: 22774: 22764: 22759: 22754: 22749: 22748: 22747: 22742: 22737: 22732: 22731: 22730: 22723: 22722: 22721: 22711: 22706: 22689: 22684: 22683: 22682: 22677: 22672: 22662: 22661: 22660: 22653: 22652: 22651: 22646: 22645: 22644: 22634: 22629: 22628: 22627: 22622: 22617: 22612: 22607: 22606: 22605: 22600: 22590: 22585: 22580: 22579: 22578: 22573: 22555: 22550: 22538: 22533: 22528: 22527: 22526: 22521: 22511: 22506: 22501: 22496: 22490: 22488: 22477: 22469: 22468: 22466: 22465: 22464: 22463: 22453: 22446: 22445: 22444: 22443: 22442: 22437: 22432: 22431: 22430: 22425: 22420: 22410: 22405: 22400: 22399: 22398: 22393: 22388: 22383: 22373: 22368: 22367: 22366: 22351: 22350: 22349: 22344: 22329: 22324: 22323: 22322: 22317: 22312: 22307: 22302: 22297: 22287: 22282: 22277: 22272: 22271: 22270: 22269: 22268: 22263: 22253: 22252: 22251: 22246: 22230: 22228: 22219: 22213: 22212: 22209: 22208: 22206: 22205: 22203:Judaeo-Italian 22200: 22199: 22198: 22193: 22180: 22178: 22174: 22173: 22171: 22170: 22169: 22168: 22163: 22162: 22161: 22156: 22151: 22146: 22141: 22140: 22139: 22129: 22124: 22119: 22114: 22097: 22096: 22095: 22094: 22093: 22083: 22082: 22081: 22071: 22060: 22058: 22054: 22053: 22051: 22050: 22049: 22048: 22036: 22031: 22030: 22029: 22024: 22019: 22014: 22002: 22001: 22000: 21990: 21989: 21988: 21983: 21978: 21973: 21972: 21971: 21966: 21961: 21945: 21943: 21936: 21928: 21927: 21925: 21924: 21917: 21916: 21915: 21910: 21905: 21900: 21895: 21890: 21885: 21880: 21875: 21863: 21858: 21856:Istro-Romanian 21853: 21847: 21845: 21839: 21838: 21836: 21835: 21830: 21829: 21828: 21823: 21813: 21807: 21805: 21804:Major branches 21801: 21800: 21796:classification 21788: 21787: 21780: 21773: 21765: 21756: 21755: 21753: 21752: 21747: 21746: 21745: 21733: 21732: 21731: 21712: 21710: 21706: 21705: 21703: 21702: 21692: 21682: 21672: 21662: 21655: 21641: 21640: 21639: 21638: 21637: 21635:Tetuani Ladino 21625:Judaeo-Spanish 21622: 21615: 21609: 21607: 21603: 21602: 21600: 21599: 21594: 21589: 21579: 21569: 21564: 21559: 21553: 21551: 21541: 21540: 21537: 21536: 21534: 21533: 21528: 21523: 21522: 21521: 21509: 21508: 21507: 21495: 21490: 21489: 21488: 21476: 21471: 21470: 21469: 21457: 21456: 21455: 21443: 21442: 21441: 21429: 21428: 21427: 21415: 21410: 21409: 21408: 21396: 21395: 21394: 21382: 21377: 21376: 21375: 21363: 21358: 21353: 21348: 21342: 21340: 21334: 21333: 21331: 21330: 21325: 21324: 21323: 21318: 21313: 21306: 21301: 21281: 21279: 21273: 21272: 21270: 21269: 21264: 21257: 21252: 21247: 21242: 21237: 21231: 21229: 21223: 21222: 21220: 21219: 21214: 21209: 21204: 21199: 21193: 21191: 21182: 21172: 21171: 21169: 21168: 21163: 21158: 21153: 21147: 21145: 21141: 21140: 21128: 21127: 21120: 21113: 21105: 21098: 21097: 21080: 21063: 21046: 21044:from Wikibooks 21029: 21027:from Wikiquote 21012: 20995: 20966: 20964: 20963: 20957: 20950: 20949: 20945: 20944: 20938: 20932: 20925: 20924: 20919: 20918:External links 20916: 20914: 20913: 20908: 20891: 20854: 20837: 20822: 20798: 20792: 20775: 20757: 20742: 20725: 20707: 20670: 20653: 20635: 20623:10.2307/343562 20617:(4): 848–852. 20606: 20588: 20573: 20561:10.2307/411438 20544: 20526: 20511: 20501:on 8 July 2013 20484:10.2307/417394 20460: 20442: 20427: 20421: 20408: 20402: 20385: 20362: 20356: 20338: 20336: 20333: 20331: 20330: 20313:United Nations 20300: 20270: 20250: 20220: 20194: 20168: 20142: 20131:on 27 May 2011 20116: 20090: 20064: 20053:on 27 May 2011 20038: 20012: 19986: 19960: 19934: 19908: 19897:on 27 May 2011 19882: 19867:. Costa Rica. 19856: 19830: 19804: 19778: 19767:on 27 May 2011 19752: 19726: 19700: 19689:on 27 May 2011 19674: 19648: 19622: 19596: 19577: 19557: 19531: 19501: 19488:Spanish Pronto 19458: 19439: 19407: 19356: 19326: 19296: 19284: 19272: 19260: 19249: 19237: 19207: 19188: 19156: 19124: 19101: 19063: 19044: 19014: 18995: 18975: 18955: 18936: 18906: 18879: 18848: 18831:(in Spanish). 18815: 18800:(in Spanish). 18789: 18760: 18740: 18693: 18681: 18654: 18632: 18581: 18551: 18525: 18493: 18481: 18451: 18436: 18424: 18412: 18400: 18388: 18376: 18353: 18323: 18297: 18265: 18241: 18215: 18189: 18153: 18133: 18101: 18075: 18056: 18030: 18004: 17978: 17958: 17932: 17906: 17880: 17854: 17837: 17801: 17782: 17750: 17727: 17695: 17676: 17653: 17636:"bfs.admin.ch" 17627: 17592: 17566: 17536: 17510: 17492: 17466: 17447: 17420: 17394: 17368: 17342: 17316: 17284: 17258: 17238: 17212: 17194:. p. 32. 17176: 17157: 17119: 17101: 17075: 17043: 17024: 16998: 16972: 16945: 16925: 16905: 16894: 16876: 16856: 16835: 16821:, Ethnologue, 16807: 16789: 16775:, Ethnologue, 16761: 16742: 16712: 16686: 16675: 16649: 16617: 16572: 16552: 16526: 16507: 16475: 16464:www.abc.com.py 16456: 16430: 16400: 16371: 16307: 16259: 16159: 16135: 16109: 16090: 16079:on 19 May 2011 16064: 16038: 16008: 15982: 15960: 15927: 15902: 15875: 15836: 15818:, Ethnologue, 15803: 15784:(in Spanish). 15769: 15751:, Ethnologue, 15736: 15700: 15686:(in Spanish). 15670: 15652:, Ethnologue, 15637: 15606: 15580: 15571: 15544: 15518: 15494: 15476: 15450: 15432: 15405: 15398:. Census.gov. 15387: 15360: 15338: 15328:(1 July, 2023) 15318: 15286: 15259: 15208: 15175:on 10 May 2015 15154: 15141: 15120:(MS Excel PDF) 15108: 15076: 15050: 15017: 14991: 14964: 14952: 14917: 14873: 14846: 14815: 14785: 14755: 14728: 14701: 14688: 14674: 14648: 14623:Ocampo, Ambeth 14614: 14597:BBC News Mundo 14584: 14563:"AU languages" 14554: 14539:(in Spanish). 14528: 14502: 14470: 14443: 14412: 14380: 14368: 14329: 14312: 14251: 14230: 14191: 14164: 14104: 14072: 14059: 14024: 13976: 13939: 13909: 13883: 13852:(4): 376–377. 13832: 13830:, p. 376. 13820: 13806: 13776: 13765:(Report). 2022 13751: 13732: 13712: 13685: 13659: 13629: 13622: 13600: 13585: 13555: 13536: 13517: 13491: 13465: 13453: 13446: 13424: 13398: 13368: 13352:(in Spanish). 13337: 13305: 13286: 13266: 13247: 13227: 13197: 13171: 13145: 13130: 13100: 13070: 13018: 13009: 12983: 12952: 12922: 12899: 12880: 12860: 12841: 12821: 12790: 12762: 12730: 12711: 12681: 12655: 12626: 12592: 12566: 12533: 12522: 12349: 12347: 12344: 12342: 12339: 12335: 12334: 12330: 12329: 12328: 12327: 12319: 12318: 12317: 12312: 12304: 12303: 12302: 12297: 12292: 12287: 12282: 12272: 12271: 12270: 12265: 12264: 12263: 12258: 12252: 12246: 12241: 12240: 12239: 12221: 12214: 12211: 12209: 12208: 12207: 12202: 12197: 12192: 12187: 12182: 12177: 12172: 12167: 12162: 12157: 12152: 12147: 12140: 12137: 12136: 12135: 12130: 12125: 12118: 12115: 12113: 12112: 12111: 12106: 12101: 12096: 12091: 12086: 12081: 12076: 12071: 12066: 12061: 12056: 12051: 12046: 12039: 12036: 12035: 12034: 12029: 12024: 12019: 12014: 12009: 12004: 11997: 11994: 11989: 11988: 11987: 11971: 11968: 11967: 11966: 11953: 11952: 11934: 11931: 11887:European Union 11883:United Nations 11871: 11868: 11850:Main article: 11847: 11844: 11724:Main article: 11721: 11718: 11696:Main article: 11693: 11690: 11688: 11685: 11496:stressed vowel 11430: 11429: 11369:, 'strong r', 11278: 11277: 11275: 11274: 11267: 11260: 11252: 11249: 11248: 11247: 11246: 11241: 11236: 11228: 11227: 11221: 11220: 11219: 11218: 11213: 11208: 11203: 11198: 11193: 11188: 11183: 11181:Judaeo-Spanish 11178: 11173: 11165: 11164: 11162:Interlanguages 11158: 11157: 11156: 11155: 11150: 11145: 11140: 11135: 11127: 11126: 11120: 11119: 11118: 11117: 11112: 11107: 11102: 11097: 11092: 11087: 11082: 11081: 11080: 11070: 11065: 11060: 11055: 11050: 11045: 11040: 11035: 11030: 11025: 11020: 11015: 11010: 11005: 11000: 10995: 10990: 10985: 10980: 10975: 10970: 10965: 10960: 10955: 10950: 10942: 10941: 10935: 10934: 10933: 10932: 10931: 10930: 10925: 10915: 10910: 10905: 10904: 10903: 10898: 10888: 10887: 10886: 10876: 10868: 10867: 10861: 10860: 10859: 10858: 10853: 10848: 10840: 10839: 10833: 10832: 10831: 10830: 10825: 10820: 10819: 10818: 10805: 10804: 10800: 10799: 10797:, 13th century 10788: 10780: 10779: 10767:Main article: 10764: 10763:Writing system 10761: 10707:New Christians 10673:Judaeo-Spanish 10668: 10667:Judaeo-Spanish 10665: 10559: 10558: 10555: 10548: 10541: 10534: 10525: 10516: 10507: 10500: 10491: 10482: 10481:"form-cheese" 10470: 10469: 10466: 10459: 10445: 10438: 10429: 10420: 10401: 10394: 10367: 10358: 10357: "crumb" 10328: 10327: 10324: 10317: 10310: 10303: 10284: 10280:man cucha 10275: 10246: 10231: 10222: 10203: 10193: 10192: 10189: 10182: 10175: 10168: 10141: 10122: 10113: 10106: 10097: 10078: 10060: 10059: 10056: 10049: 10042: 10035: 10026: 10017: 9998: 9991: 9978: 9959: 9945: 9944: 9941: 9934: 9927: 9920: 9911: 9902: 9893: 9886: 9873: 9864: 9832: 9831: 9828: 9821: 9814: 9807: 9788: 9779: 9770: 9763: 9754: 9745: 9733: 9732: 9729: 9722: 9715: 9708: 9689: 9680: 9663: 9656: 9643: 9634: 9633:"we (others)" 9622: 9621: 9616: 9611: 9606: 9601: 9596: 9591: 9586: 9581: 9576: 9573: 9565: 9484: 9481: 9266: 9263: 9191: 9188: 9060: 9057: 9007: 9004: 8974:Canary Islands 8964: 8961: 8782: 8779: 8711: 8710: 8691: 8690: 8681: 8666: 8659: 8652: 8639: 8632: 8623: 8615: 8614: 8605: 8590: 8583: 8576: 8563: 8556: 8547: 8539: 8538: 8529: 8514: 8507: 8500: 8487: 8480: 8471: 8463: 8462: 8459: 8456: 8453: 8450: 8447: 8444: 8440: 8439: 8436: 8433: 8427:Chilean voseo 8401: 8400: 8381: 8380: 8373: 8356: 8349: 8340: 8331: 8322: 8313: 8305: 8304: 8297: 8280: 8273: 8264: 8255: 8246: 8237: 8229: 8228: 8221: 8204: 8197: 8188: 8179: 8170: 8161: 8153: 8152: 8149: 8146: 8143: 8140: 8137: 8134: 8130: 8129: 8126: 8123: 8091: 8090: 8071: 8070: 8063: 8046: 8037: 8028: 8019: 8010: 8001: 7993: 7992: 7985: 7968: 7959: 7950: 7941: 7932: 7923: 7915: 7914: 7907: 7890: 7881: 7872: 7863: 7854: 7845: 7837: 7836: 7833: 7830: 7827: 7824: 7821: 7818: 7814: 7813: 7810: 7807: 7794:General voseo 7721:vosotros volvé 7705:vosotros pensá 7491:Main article: 7488: 7485: 7464: 7461: 7460: 7459: 7448:or Portuguese 7434:or the French 7349: 7338:Canary Islands 7314: 7288: 7279:, and spelled 7233:Canary Islands 7224:as in English 7220:elsewhere), a 7153: 7150: 7107:Main article: 7096: 7093: 7080:European Union 7055: 7052: 7005:('boundary'), 6999:('savannah'); 6993:('sheet') and 6981: 6980: 6976:guardándoselos 6967: 6898: 6891: 6857: 6854: 6851: 6850: 6848: 6846: 6839: 6837: 6835: 6833: 6827: 6826: 6824: 6822: 6815: 6813: 6811: 6809: 6803: 6802: 6800: 6792: 6790: 6783: 6781: 6779: 6777: 6771: 6770: 6763: 6754: 6747: 6739: 6732: 6726: 6725: 6718: 6711: 6704: 6697: 6695: 6693: 6686: 6679: 6672: 6665: 6659: 6658: 6656: 6649: 6647: 6640: 6638: 6636: 6629: 6627: 6621: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6600: 6595: 6584:allophonically 6418:morphophonemic 6349: 6346: 6216:Main article: 6200: 6197: 6157:topicalization 6121:is considered 6102:Verbs express 6004:Main article: 6001: 5998: 5995: 5994: 5988: 5982: 5976: 5973: 5967: 5966: 5960: 5958: 5956: 5954: 5948: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5940: 5938: 5932: 5931: 5928: 5925: 5922: 5920: 5914: 5913: 5910: 5907: 5904: 5901: 5895: 5894: 5888: 5886: 5884: 5882: 5876: 5875: 5874:2% of 660,400 5872: 5870: 5868: 5866: 5860: 5859: 5853: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5840: 5839: 5836: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5822: 5821: 5815: 5812: 5809: 5806: 5800: 5799: 5796: 5794: 5791: 5788: 5786:Western Sahara 5782: 5781: 5775: 5769: 5763: 5760: 5754: 5753: 5747: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5734: 5733: 5731: 5729: 5726: 5723: 5717: 5716: 5710: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5697: 5696: 5693: 5690: 5687: 5684: 5678: 5677: 5671: 5668: 5665: 5664:1,386,745,000 5662: 5656: 5655: 5649: 5643: 5641: 5639: 5633: 5632: 5626: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5612: 5611: 5605: 5602: 5599: 5598:1,411,778,724 5596: 5590: 5589: 5586: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5572: 5571: 5568: 5565: 5562: 5559: 5553: 5552: 5549: 5546: 5543: 5540: 5534: 5533: 5527: 5525: 5523: 5520: 5514: 5513: 5507: 5504: 5501: 5498: 5492: 5491: 5485: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5476:Czech Republic 5472: 5471: 5465: 5462: 5459: 5456: 5450: 5449: 5443: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5426: 5425: 5419: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5406: 5405: 5399: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5382: 5381: 5378: 5375: 5372: 5369: 5359: 5358: 5355: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5342: 5341: 5338: 5335: 5332: 5329: 5323: 5322: 5319: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5305: 5304: 5298: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5281: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5264: 5263: 5260: 5257: 5254: 5251: 5245: 5244: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5227: 5226: 5223: 5220: 5217: 5214: 5208: 5207: 5201: 5195: 5193: 5190: 5184: 5183: 5177: 5171: 5169: 5166: 5160: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5152: 5149: 5143: 5142: 5139: 5137: 5135: 5132: 5126: 5125: 5119: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5102: 5101: 5095: 5089: 5083: 5080: 5074: 5073: 5067: 5064: 5061: 5058: 5052: 5051: 5045: 5042: 5039: 5036: 5030: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5022: 5019: 5013: 5012: 5006: 5000: 4998: 4995: 4989: 4988: 4982: 4976: 4974: 4971: 4965: 4964: 4961: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4944: 4943: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4925: 4924: 4921: 4918: 4915: 4912: 4906: 4905: 4902: 4899: 4896: 4893: 4887: 4886: 4880: 4874: 4871: 4868: 4862: 4861: 4855: 4849: 4846: 4843: 4841:United Kingdom 4837: 4836: 4833: 4830: 4827: 4820: 4819: 4816: 4810: 4807: 4800: 4799: 4796: 4790: 4787: 4780: 4779: 4776: 4770: 4767: 4760: 4759: 4753: 4747: 4744: 4741: 4735: 4734: 4728: 4725: 4722: 4719: 4713: 4712: 4709: 4703: 4700: 4693: 4692: 4689: 4683: 4680: 4673: 4672: 4669: 4666: 4663: 4660: 4653: 4652: 4646: 4640: 4634: 4631: 4625: 4624: 4621: 4615: 4612: 4605: 4604: 4601: 4598: 4595: 4592: 4585: 4584: 4581: 4578: 4575: 4572: 4565: 4564: 4561: 4558: 4555: 4548: 4547: 4544: 4541: 4538: 4535: 4528: 4527: 4524: 4521: 4518: 4515: 4508: 4507: 4504: 4501: 4495: 4492: 4485: 4484: 4481: 4478: 4475: 4468: 4467: 4464: 4461: 4455: 4452: 4445: 4444: 4441: 4438: 4435: 4432: 4425: 4424: 4421: 4418: 4415: 4412: 4405: 4404: 4401: 4398: 4395: 4388: 4387: 4381: 4375: 4372: 4369: 4363: 4362: 4359: 4356: 4353: 4350: 4343: 4342: 4336: 4333: 4330: 4327: 4309: 4306: 4232: 4229: 4112: 4109: 4084:, a primarily 4082:Spanish Sahara 4078:Western Sahara 4052:Canary Islands 4029: 4026: 3973: 3970: 3968: 3965: 3957:mixed language 3872:British colony 3867: 3864: 3836:Salt Lake City 3727:Isleño Spanish 3711:Main article: 3708: 3705: 3593:Main article: 3590: 3587: 3585: 3582: 3578:European Union 3562:United Kingdom 3528: 3522: 3516: 3510: 3504: 3493:Main article: 3490: 3487: 3456: 3450: 3444: 3430: 3427: 3415:Spanish Harlem 3411:Western Sahara 3280: 3279: 3272: 3265: 3258: 3251: 3232: 3224: 3217: 3212: 3196: 3176: 3160: 3140: 3120: 3110: 3109: 3106: 3099: 3092: 3085: 3078: 3053: 3040: 3022: 3015: 2998: 2991: 2980: 2970: 2969: 2966: 2959: 2952: 2945: 2938: 2931: 2924: 2911: 2904: 2894: 2887: 2880: 2870: 2861: 2860: 2857: 2850: 2843: 2836: 2829: 2822: 2809: 2802: 2792: 2782: 2773: 2772: 2769: 2762: 2755: 2745: 2738: 2731: 2724: 2717: 2707: 2700: 2693: 2683: 2674: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2664: 2661: 2658: 2655: 2652: 2649: 2646: 2643: 2640: 2637: 2634: 2628: 2617: 2616: 2613: 2606: 2599: 2592: 2585: 2563: 2556: 2549: 2542: 2535: 2529: 2528: 2525: 2518: 2511: 2504: 2497: 2464: 2457: 2447: 2441: 2440: 2437: 2430: 2423: 2413: 2406: 2374: 2367: 2360: 2353: 2346: 2339: 2329: 2323: 2322: 2319: 2312: 2305: 2300: 2293: 2277: 2270: 2263: 2256: 2249: 2242: 2228: 2218: 2212: 2211: 2208: 2205: 2202: 2199: 2196: 2193: 2190: 2187: 2184: 2181: 2178: 2175: 2172: 2166: 1935:palatalization 1920: 1919: 1916: 1905: 1898: 1893: 1886: 1879: 1872: 1865: 1854: 1848: 1847: 1844: 1833: 1822: 1815: 1804: 1797: 1790: 1783: 1772: 1761: 1755: 1754: 1751: 1744: 1737: 1730: 1723: 1716: 1705: 1699: 1698: 1695: 1684: 1673: 1662: 1651: 1638: 1631: 1620: 1614: 1613: 1610: 1607: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1595: 1592: 1589: 1586: 1583: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1568: 1564:open syllables 1299:Main article: 1296: 1293: 1132:is related to 1123: 1120: 1039:to define the 1033:uses the term 975: 972: 967:Main article: 964: 961: 941:European Union 937:United Nations 860:overall after 856:; the world's 846:United Nations 820:spoken on the 785: 784: 771:, you may see 757: 756: 749: 743: 737: 736: 728: 727: 720: 714: 713: 706: 698: 697: 690: 685: 682: 681: 674: 666: 665: 656: 648: 647: 638: 630: 629: 628:Language codes 625: 624: 609: 603: 602: 600: 599: 594: 589: 587:United Nations 584: 579: 574: 569: 564: 559: 557:European Union 554: 549: 544: 539: 534: 521: 520: 519: 516: 515: 510: 505: 500: 489: 488: 487: 484: 483: 472: 471: 470: 467: 466: 455: 454: 453: 450: 449: 444: 439: 434: 429: 424: 419: 414: 409: 404: 399: 394: 389: 384: 379: 374: 369: 364: 359: 354: 343: 342: 341: 339: 336: 333: 332: 328: 327: 324:Signed Spanish 321: 314: 311: 310: 296: 292:Writing system 289: 286: 285: 283: 282: 281: 280: 266: 264: 261: 258: 257: 255: 254: 253: 252: 251: 250: 249: 248: 247: 246: 245: 244: 243: 242: 241: 240: 239: 238: 237: 236: 235: 234: 171: 169: 162: 159: 158: 151: 147: 146: 103: 99: 98: 96: 95: 88: 80: 77: 76: 72: 71: 50: 28: 22: 19: 17: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 23837: 23826: 23823: 23821: 23818: 23816: 23813: 23811: 23808: 23806: 23803: 23801: 23798: 23796: 23793: 23791: 23788: 23786: 23783: 23781: 23778: 23776: 23773: 23771: 23768: 23766: 23763: 23761: 23758: 23756: 23753: 23751: 23748: 23746: 23743: 23741: 23738: 23736: 23733: 23731: 23728: 23726: 23723: 23721: 23718: 23716: 23713: 23711: 23708: 23706: 23703: 23701: 23698: 23697: 23695: 23679: 23675: 23673: 23669: 23666: 23664: 23660: 23657: 23656: 23653: 23647: 23646:Proto-Romance 23644: 23643: 23641: 23639:Reconstructed 23637: 23629: 23626: 23624: 23621: 23620: 23619: 23616: 23614: 23613: 23609: 23607: 23606: 23605:British Latin 23602: 23600: 23599: 23595: 23594: 23592: 23588: 23576: 23573: 23571: 23568: 23566: 23563: 23561: 23558: 23557: 23555: 23552: 23549: 23548: 23544: 23543: 23541: 23537: 23529: 23526: 23524: 23521: 23519: 23516: 23514: 23511: 23509: 23506: 23505: 23504: 23501: 23497: 23494: 23492: 23489: 23488: 23487: 23484: 23480: 23477: 23476: 23475: 23472: 23471: 23469: 23467: 23461: 23451: 23450: 23446: 23445: 23444: 23443: 23439: 23435: 23432: 23430: 23427: 23426: 23425: 23424:Vivaro-Alpine 23422: 23418: 23415: 23414: 23413: 23410: 23408: 23405: 23403: 23400: 23398: 23397: 23393: 23389: 23388: 23384: 23382: 23379: 23377: 23374: 23372: 23369: 23368: 23367: 23364: 23362: 23359: 23358: 23357: 23354: 23348: 23345: 23343: 23340: 23339: 23337: 23335: 23332: 23330: 23329: 23325: 23321: 23318: 23316: 23313: 23309: 23306: 23304: 23301: 23300: 23299: 23296: 23294: 23291: 23290: 23288: 23286: 23283: 23282: 23281: 23280: 23276: 23275: 23273: 23271: 23265: 23254: 23251: 23248: 23245: 23244: 23242: 23238: 23230: 23229: 23228:Old Navarrese 23225: 23224: 23223: 23222: 23218: 23216: 23213: 23209: 23206: 23205: 23204: 23201: 23199: 23198: 23194: 23193: 23191: 23187: 23181: 23180: 23176: 23172: 23169: 23167: 23164: 23162: 23159: 23155: 23152: 23150: 23147: 23145: 23142: 23140: 23137: 23133: 23130: 23129: 23128: 23125: 23124: 23123: 23122: 23118: 23114: 23111: 23107: 23104: 23103: 23102: 23099: 23095: 23092: 23091: 23090: 23087: 23086: 23085: 23084: 23080: 23078: 23077:Equatoguinean 23075: 23073: 23070: 23069: 23068: 23067: 23063: 23061: 23058: 23056: 23053: 23051: 23048: 23047: 23045: 23043: 23039: 23033: 23032: 23028: 23024: 23021: 23019: 23016: 23012: 23009: 23008: 23007: 23006: 23002: 22998: 22995: 22994: 22993: 22992: 22988: 22986: 22983: 22981: 22980: 22976: 22974: 22971: 22970: 22969: 22968: 22964: 22962: 22961: 22957: 22955: 22952: 22947: 22944: 22943: 22942: 22939: 22937: 22934: 22933: 22931: 22929: 22925: 22919: 22918: 22914: 22912: 22909: 22905: 22902: 22901: 22900: 22897: 22895: 22892: 22888: 22885: 22884: 22883: 22880: 22879: 22877: 22875: 22871: 22868: 22865: 22858: 22852: 22842: 22841: 22837: 22835: 22834: 22830: 22826: 22823: 22821: 22818: 22816: 22813: 22812: 22810: 22807: 22806: 22803: 22795: 22792: 22790: 22787: 22786: 22785: 22782: 22778: 22775: 22773: 22770: 22769: 22768: 22765: 22763: 22760: 22758: 22755: 22753: 22750: 22746: 22743: 22741: 22738: 22736: 22733: 22729: 22728: 22724: 22720: 22717: 22716: 22715: 22712: 22710: 22707: 22705: 22704: 22700: 22699: 22698: 22695: 22694: 22693: 22690: 22688: 22685: 22681: 22678: 22676: 22673: 22671: 22668: 22667: 22666: 22663: 22659: 22658: 22654: 22650: 22647: 22643: 22640: 22639: 22638: 22635: 22633: 22630: 22626: 22623: 22621: 22618: 22616: 22613: 22611: 22608: 22604: 22601: 22599: 22596: 22595: 22594: 22591: 22589: 22586: 22584: 22581: 22577: 22574: 22572: 22569: 22568: 22567: 22564: 22563: 22562: 22559: 22558: 22556: 22554: 22551: 22549: 22546: 22545: 22544: 22543: 22539: 22537: 22534: 22532: 22531:Frainc-Comtou 22529: 22525: 22522: 22520: 22517: 22516: 22515: 22512: 22510: 22507: 22505: 22502: 22500: 22497: 22495: 22492: 22491: 22489: 22487: 22481: 22478: 22476: 22470: 22462: 22459: 22458: 22457: 22454: 22452: 22451: 22447: 22441: 22438: 22436: 22433: 22429: 22426: 22424: 22421: 22419: 22416: 22415: 22414: 22411: 22409: 22406: 22404: 22401: 22397: 22394: 22392: 22389: 22387: 22384: 22382: 22379: 22378: 22377: 22374: 22372: 22369: 22365: 22362: 22361: 22360: 22357: 22356: 22355: 22352: 22348: 22345: 22343: 22340: 22339: 22338: 22335: 22334: 22333: 22330: 22328: 22327:Judeo-Italian 22325: 22321: 22318: 22316: 22313: 22311: 22308: 22306: 22303: 22301: 22298: 22296: 22293: 22292: 22291: 22288: 22286: 22283: 22281: 22278: 22276: 22273: 22267: 22264: 22262: 22259: 22258: 22257: 22254: 22250: 22247: 22245: 22242: 22241: 22240: 22237: 22236: 22235: 22232: 22231: 22229: 22227: 22223: 22220: 22218: 22214: 22204: 22201: 22197: 22194: 22192: 22191: 22187: 22186: 22185: 22182: 22181: 22179: 22175: 22167: 22164: 22160: 22157: 22155: 22152: 22150: 22147: 22145: 22142: 22138: 22135: 22134: 22133: 22130: 22128: 22125: 22123: 22122:Castelmezzano 22120: 22118: 22115: 22113: 22110: 22109: 22108: 22107: 22103: 22102: 22101: 22098: 22092: 22089: 22088: 22087: 22084: 22080: 22077: 22076: 22075: 22072: 22070: 22067: 22066: 22065: 22062: 22061: 22059: 22055: 22047: 22044: 22043: 22042: 22041: 22037: 22035: 22032: 22028: 22027:Swiss Italian 22025: 22023: 22020: 22018: 22015: 22013: 22010: 22009: 22008: 22007: 22003: 21999: 21996: 21995: 21994: 21991: 21987: 21984: 21982: 21979: 21977: 21974: 21970: 21967: 21965: 21962: 21960: 21957: 21956: 21955: 21952: 21951: 21950: 21947: 21946: 21944: 21940: 21937: 21935: 21929: 21923: 21922: 21918: 21914: 21911: 21909: 21908:Transylvanian 21906: 21904: 21901: 21899: 21896: 21894: 21891: 21889: 21886: 21884: 21881: 21879: 21876: 21874: 21871: 21870: 21869: 21868: 21867:Daco-Romanian 21864: 21862: 21859: 21857: 21854: 21852: 21849: 21848: 21846: 21844: 21840: 21834: 21831: 21827: 21824: 21822: 21819: 21818: 21817: 21816:Italo-Western 21814: 21812: 21809: 21808: 21806: 21802: 21797: 21793: 21786: 21781: 21779: 21774: 21772: 21767: 21766: 21763: 21751: 21748: 21741: 21740: 21739: 21738: 21734: 21727: 21726: 21725: 21724: 21719: 21718: 21714: 21713: 21711: 21707: 21698: 21697: 21693: 21688: 21687: 21683: 21678: 21677: 21673: 21668: 21667: 21663: 21661: 21660: 21656: 21652: 21647: 21646: 21642: 21636: 21633: 21632: 21631: 21628: 21627: 21626: 21623: 21621: 21620: 21616: 21614: 21611: 21610: 21608: 21604: 21598: 21595: 21593: 21590: 21587:(Extremadura) 21585: 21584: 21580: 21575: 21574: 21570: 21568: 21565: 21563: 21560: 21558: 21555: 21554: 21552: 21549: 21542: 21532: 21529: 21527: 21524: 21517: 21516: 21515: 21514: 21510: 21503: 21502: 21501: 21500: 21496: 21494: 21491: 21484: 21483: 21482: 21481: 21477: 21475: 21472: 21465: 21464: 21463: 21462: 21458: 21451: 21450: 21449: 21448: 21444: 21437: 21436: 21435: 21434: 21430: 21423: 21422: 21421: 21420: 21416: 21414: 21411: 21404: 21403: 21402: 21401: 21397: 21390: 21389: 21388: 21387: 21383: 21381: 21378: 21371: 21370: 21369: 21368: 21364: 21362: 21359: 21357: 21354: 21352: 21349: 21347: 21344: 21343: 21341: 21339: 21338:South America 21335: 21329: 21326: 21322: 21319: 21317: 21314: 21312: 21311: 21307: 21305: 21302: 21300: 21297: 21292: 21288: 21287: 21286: 21285:United States 21283: 21282: 21280: 21278: 21277:North America 21274: 21268: 21265: 21263: 21262: 21258: 21256: 21253: 21251: 21248: 21246: 21243: 21241: 21238: 21236: 21233: 21232: 21230: 21228: 21224: 21218: 21215: 21213: 21210: 21208: 21205: 21203: 21200: 21198: 21195: 21194: 21192: 21190: 21186: 21183: 21180: 21179:Interamerican 21173: 21167: 21164: 21162: 21159: 21157: 21156:Equatoguinean 21154: 21152: 21149: 21148: 21146: 21142: 21137: 21133: 21126: 21121: 21119: 21114: 21112: 21107: 21106: 21103: 21095:from Wikidata 21094: 21093: 21081: 21077: 21076: 21064: 21060: 21059: 21047: 21043: 21042: 21030: 21026: 21025: 21013: 21009: 21008: 20996: 20992: 20991: 20979: 20978: 20975: 20969: 20961: 20958: 20955: 20952: 20951: 20947: 20946: 20942: 20939: 20936: 20933: 20930: 20927: 20926: 20923:Organizations 20922: 20921: 20911: 20905: 20900: 20899: 20892: 20880: 20876: 20872: 20868: 20864: 20860: 20855: 20844: 20840: 20834: 20830: 20829: 20823: 20809: 20805: 20804: 20799: 20795: 20793:0-521-78045-4 20789: 20784: 20783: 20776: 20764: 20760: 20758:0-521-39784-7 20754: 20750: 20749: 20743: 20732: 20728: 20726:9788408084358 20722: 20718: 20717: 20712: 20708: 20704: 20698: 20689: 20684: 20681:(2): 255–59. 20680: 20676: 20671: 20660: 20656: 20650: 20646: 20645: 20640: 20636: 20632: 20628: 20624: 20620: 20616: 20612: 20607: 20595: 20591: 20585: 20581: 20580: 20574: 20570: 20566: 20562: 20558: 20555:(3): 538–52. 20554: 20550: 20545: 20533: 20529: 20523: 20519: 20518: 20512: 20497: 20493: 20489: 20485: 20481: 20478:(1): 92–109. 20477: 20473: 20466: 20461: 20449: 20445: 20443:0-231-11568-7 20439: 20435: 20434: 20428: 20424: 20422:0-87840-045-1 20418: 20414: 20409: 20405: 20399: 20394: 20393: 20386: 20374: 20370: 20369: 20363: 20359: 20353: 20349: 20346:. Edinburgh: 20345: 20340: 20339: 20318: 20314: 20310: 20304: 20288: 20284: 20280: 20274: 20267: 20263: 20260: 20254: 20238: 20234: 20230: 20224: 20208: 20204: 20198: 20182: 20178: 20172: 20156: 20152: 20146: 20130: 20126: 20120: 20104: 20100: 20094: 20078: 20074: 20068: 20052: 20048: 20042: 20026: 20022: 20016: 20000: 19996: 19990: 19974: 19970: 19964: 19948: 19944: 19938: 19922: 19918: 19912: 19896: 19892: 19886: 19870: 19866: 19860: 19844: 19840: 19834: 19818: 19814: 19808: 19792: 19788: 19782: 19766: 19762: 19756: 19740: 19736: 19730: 19714: 19710: 19704: 19688: 19684: 19678: 19662: 19658: 19652: 19636: 19632: 19626: 19610: 19606: 19600: 19584: 19580: 19578:0-521-26987-3 19574: 19570: 19569: 19561: 19545: 19541: 19535: 19519: 19515: 19511: 19505: 19496: 19492: 19489: 19485: 19481: 19478: 19474: 19470: 19467: 19462: 19455: 19451: 19448: 19443: 19427: 19423: 19416: 19414: 19412: 19405: 19401: 19398: 19394: 19390: 19386: 19382: 19378: 19375:, Portuguese 19374: 19370: 19366: 19360: 19344: 19340: 19336: 19330: 19314: 19310: 19306: 19300: 19293: 19288: 19281: 19276: 19269: 19264: 19258: 19257:Jensen (1989) 19253: 19246: 19241: 19225: 19221: 19217: 19211: 19195: 19191: 19185: 19181: 19180: 19163: 19159: 19157:0-7190-0788-7 19153: 19149: 19148: 19131: 19127: 19121: 19117: 19116: 19108: 19106: 19085: 19081: 19074: 19067: 19051: 19047: 19041: 19037: 19036: 19026:. p. 97. 19025: 19018: 19002: 18998: 18996:0-7486-1436-2 18992: 18988: 18987: 18979: 18973: 18972:9788424927103 18969: 18965: 18959: 18943: 18939: 18933: 18928: 18923: 18919: 18918: 18910: 18903: 18899: 18895: 18892: 18891: 18883: 18867: 18863: 18859: 18852: 18843: 18838: 18834: 18830: 18826: 18819: 18803: 18799: 18793: 18777: 18773: 18767: 18765: 18757: 18753: 18750: 18744: 18728: 18724: 18720: 18716: 18712: 18708: 18704: 18697: 18690: 18685: 18674: 18667: 18666: 18658: 18652: 18648: 18644: 18643: 18636: 18628: 18616: 18600: 18596: 18592: 18585: 18569: 18565: 18561: 18555: 18539: 18535: 18529: 18510: 18503: 18497: 18490: 18485: 18469: 18465: 18463: 18455: 18447: 18440: 18433: 18428: 18421: 18420:Cressey (1978 18416: 18409: 18404: 18397: 18392: 18386::117 and 222) 18385: 18380: 18373: 18369: 18365: 18362: 18357: 18341: 18337: 18333: 18327: 18311: 18307: 18301: 18282: 18275: 18269: 18262: 18261: 18257: 18253: 18250: 18245: 18229: 18225: 18219: 18203: 18199: 18193: 18174: 18170: 18163: 18157: 18150: 18146: 18142: 18137: 18118: 18111: 18105: 18089: 18085: 18079: 18072: 18068: 18065: 18060: 18044: 18040: 18034: 18018: 18014: 18008: 17992: 17988: 17982: 17975: 17971: 17967: 17962: 17946: 17942: 17936: 17920: 17916: 17910: 17894: 17890: 17884: 17868: 17864: 17858: 17852: 17848: 17845: 17841: 17822: 17818: 17811: 17805: 17798: 17794: 17791: 17790:www.state.gov 17786: 17767: 17760: 17754: 17747: 17743: 17739: 17736: 17731: 17712: 17705: 17699: 17692: 17688: 17685: 17680: 17672: 17668: 17664: 17663:"Bevölkerung" 17657: 17641: 17637: 17631: 17612: 17605: 17599: 17597: 17580: 17576: 17570: 17554: 17550: 17546: 17540: 17524: 17520: 17514: 17508: 17504: 17501: 17496: 17480: 17476: 17470: 17463: 17459: 17456: 17451: 17436: 17432: 17431: 17424: 17408: 17404: 17403:"2011 Census" 17398: 17382: 17378: 17372: 17356: 17352: 17346: 17330: 17326: 17320: 17301: 17294: 17288: 17272: 17268: 17262: 17255: 17251: 17247: 17242: 17226: 17222: 17216: 17197: 17193: 17186: 17180: 17174: 17170: 17166: 17161: 17150: 17146: 17138: 17134: 17133: 17126: 17124: 17115: 17111: 17105: 17089: 17085: 17079: 17060: 17053: 17047: 17040: 17036: 17033: 17028: 17012: 17008: 17002: 16986: 16982: 16976: 16961: 16957: 16956: 16949: 16943: 16939: 16936: 16929: 16921: 16917: 16916: 16915:German census 16909: 16903: 16898: 16890: 16886: 16880: 16873: 16869: 16866: 16860: 16849: 16845: 16839: 16824: 16820: 16819: 16811: 16803: 16799: 16793: 16778: 16774: 16773: 16765: 16758: 16754: 16751: 16746: 16730: 16726: 16722: 16716: 16700: 16696: 16690: 16684: 16679: 16663: 16659: 16653: 16634: 16627: 16621: 16613: 16607: 16592: 16588: 16584: 16583: 16576: 16569: 16565: 16562: 16556: 16540: 16536: 16530: 16524: 16520: 16517: 16511: 16492: 16485: 16479: 16472: 16468: 16465: 16460: 16444: 16440: 16434: 16418: 16414: 16410: 16404: 16385: 16381: 16375: 16368: 16364: 16361: 16356: 16354: 16352: 16350: 16348: 16346: 16344: 16342: 16340: 16338: 16336: 16334: 16332: 16330: 16328: 16326: 16324: 16322: 16320: 16318: 16316: 16314: 16312: 16304: 16300: 16297: 16292: 16290: 16288: 16286: 16284: 16282: 16280: 16278: 16276: 16274: 16272: 16270: 16268: 16266: 16264: 16256: 16252: 16249: 16244: 16242: 16240: 16238: 16236: 16234: 16232: 16230: 16228: 16226: 16224: 16222: 16220: 16218: 16216: 16214: 16212: 16210: 16208: 16206: 16204: 16202: 16200: 16198: 16196: 16194: 16192: 16190: 16188: 16186: 16184: 16182: 16180: 16178: 16176: 16174: 16172: 16170: 16168: 16166: 16164: 16156: 16152: 16149: 16144: 16142: 16140: 16123: 16119: 16113: 16107: 16103: 16100: 16094: 16078: 16074: 16068: 16052: 16048: 16042: 16026: 16022: 16018: 16012: 15996: 15992: 15986: 15978: 15974: 15970: 15964: 15957: 15945: 15941: 15937: 15931: 15920: 15916: 15915:www.oj.gob.gt 15912: 15906: 15890: 15886: 15879: 15864: 15860: 15854: 15849: 15848: 15840: 15833: 15821: 15817: 15813: 15807: 15791: 15788:: INE. 2022. 15787: 15783: 15779: 15773: 15766: 15754: 15750: 15746: 15740: 15733: 15721: 15718:: CIA, 2007, 15717: 15713: 15712: 15704: 15693: 15689: 15681: 15674: 15667: 15655: 15651: 15647: 15641: 15624: 15620: 15616: 15610: 15594: 15590: 15584: 15575: 15560: 15556: 15555: 15548: 15532: 15528: 15522: 15515: 15511: 15508: 15503: 15501: 15499: 15490: 15486: 15480: 15464: 15460: 15454: 15446: 15442: 15436: 15420: 15416: 15409: 15401: 15397: 15391: 15375: 15371: 15364: 15355: 15351: 15350: 15342: 15334: 15330: 15329: 15322: 15306: 15302: 15301: 15293: 15291: 15275: 15271: 15270: 15263: 15244: 15237: 15236: 15229: 15227: 15225: 15223: 15221: 15219: 15217: 15215: 15213: 15205: 15190: 15183: 15182: 15181:Eurobarometer 15174: 15170: 15169: 15161: 15159: 15151: 15145: 15129: 15125: 15118: 15112: 15093: 15086: 15080: 15064: 15060: 15054: 15035: 15028: 15021: 15005: 15001: 14995: 14980: 14976: 14975: 14968: 14961: 14956: 14938: 14931: 14930: 14921: 14902: 14898: 14890: 14886: 14885: 14877: 14861: 14857: 14850: 14834: 14830: 14826: 14819: 14803: 14799: 14795: 14789: 14773: 14769: 14765: 14759: 14743: 14739: 14732: 14716: 14712: 14705: 14698: 14692: 14685: 14678: 14662: 14658: 14652: 14636: 14632: 14628: 14624: 14618: 14602: 14598: 14594: 14588: 14572: 14568: 14567:African Union 14564: 14558: 14542: 14538: 14532: 14516: 14512: 14506: 14487: 14480: 14474: 14458: 14454: 14447: 14431: 14427: 14423: 14416: 14400: 14396: 14395: 14390: 14384: 14377: 14372: 14353: 14349: 14342: 14341: 14333: 14327:, p. 67. 14326: 14321: 14319: 14317: 14300: 14296: 14292: 14288: 14284: 14280: 14276: 14272: 14268: 14267: 14262: 14255: 14248: 14244: 14240: 14234: 14218: 14214: 14210: 14206: 14202: 14195: 14180: 14176: 14175: 14168: 14149: 14145: 14141: 14137: 14133: 14129: 14125: 14118: 14114: 14108: 14089: 14082: 14076: 14069: 14063: 14047: 14043: 14039: 14035: 14028: 14012: 14007: 14002: 13998: 13994: 13990: 13986: 13980: 13961: 13957: 13950: 13943: 13927: 13923: 13919: 13913: 13897: 13893: 13887: 13871: 13867: 13863: 13859: 13855: 13851: 13847: 13843: 13836: 13829: 13824: 13816: 13810: 13794: 13790: 13786: 13780: 13761: 13755: 13739: 13735: 13733:9780226120164 13729: 13725: 13724: 13716: 13699: 13695: 13689: 13673: 13669: 13663: 13647: 13643: 13639: 13633: 13625: 13619: 13616:. p. 1. 13615: 13611: 13604: 13597: 13592: 13590: 13573: 13569: 13565: 13559: 13552: 13548: 13545: 13540: 13534:, Article 140 13533: 13529: 13526: 13521: 13505: 13502:. Bbc.co.uk. 13501: 13495: 13479: 13475: 13469: 13463:, p. 21. 13462: 13457: 13449: 13447:0-203-44372-1 13443: 13439: 13435: 13428: 13412: 13408: 13402: 13386: 13382: 13378: 13372: 13355: 13351: 13347: 13341: 13322: 13315: 13309: 13293: 13289: 13283: 13279: 13278: 13270: 13254: 13250: 13244: 13240: 13239: 13231: 13215: 13211: 13207: 13201: 13185: 13181: 13175: 13159: 13155: 13149: 13142: 13137: 13135: 13118: 13114: 13110: 13104: 13088: 13084: 13080: 13079:"español, la" 13074: 13058: 13054: 13050: 13045: 13040: 13036: 13032: 13025: 13023: 13013: 12997: 12993: 12987: 12971: 12967: 12963: 12956: 12940: 12936: 12932: 12926: 12919: 12915: 12911: 12908: 12903: 12887: 12883: 12877: 12873: 12872: 12864: 12848: 12844: 12842:968-18-5542-6 12838: 12834: 12833: 12825: 12809: 12805: 12801: 12794: 12779: 12775: 12774: 12766: 12750: 12746: 12745: 12740: 12734: 12718: 12714: 12708: 12704: 12700: 12696: 12692: 12685: 12669: 12665: 12659: 12643: 12639: 12633: 12631: 12614: 12610: 12606: 12599: 12597: 12580: 12576: 12570: 12554: 12550: 12549: 12548:Glottolog 4.6 12544: 12537: 12531: 12526: 12507: 12503: 12496: 12489: 12487: 12485: 12483: 12481: 12479: 12477: 12475: 12473: 12471: 12469: 12467: 12465: 12463: 12461: 12459: 12457: 12455: 12453: 12451: 12449: 12447: 12445: 12443: 12441: 12439: 12437: 12435: 12433: 12431: 12429: 12427: 12425: 12423: 12421: 12419: 12417: 12415: 12413: 12411: 12409: 12407: 12405: 12403: 12401: 12399: 12397: 12395: 12393: 12391: 12389: 12387: 12385: 12383: 12381: 12379: 12377: 12375: 12373: 12371: 12369: 12367: 12365: 12363: 12361: 12359: 12357: 12355: 12350: 12333: 12326: 12323: 12322: 12320: 12316: 12313: 12311: 12308: 12307: 12305: 12301: 12298: 12296: 12293: 12291: 12288: 12286: 12283: 12281: 12278: 12277: 12276: 12273: 12269: 12266: 12262: 12259: 12256: 12253: 12250: 12247: 12245: 12242: 12238: 12235: 12234: 12233: 12230: 12229: 12228: 12225: 12224: 12222: 12220: 12217: 12216: 12210: 12206: 12203: 12201: 12198: 12196: 12193: 12191: 12188: 12186: 12183: 12181: 12178: 12176: 12173: 12171: 12168: 12166: 12163: 12161: 12158: 12156: 12153: 12151: 12148: 12146: 12143: 12142: 12134: 12131: 12129: 12126: 12124: 12121: 12120: 12114: 12110: 12107: 12105: 12102: 12100: 12097: 12095: 12092: 12090: 12087: 12085: 12082: 12080: 12077: 12075: 12072: 12070: 12067: 12065: 12062: 12060: 12057: 12055: 12052: 12050: 12047: 12045: 12042: 12041: 12033: 12030: 12028: 12025: 12023: 12020: 12018: 12015: 12013: 12010: 12008: 12005: 12003: 12000: 11999: 11993: 11992: 11985: 11979: 11974: 11965: 11962: 11961: 11960: 11958: 11950: 11946: 11945: 11944: 11942: 11941: 11930: 11928: 11924: 11920: 11916: 11912: 11908: 11904: 11903:African Union 11900: 11896: 11892: 11888: 11884: 11877: 11867: 11865: 11853: 11843: 11841: 11837: 11836:United States 11833: 11829: 11825: 11821: 11817: 11813: 11809: 11805: 11801: 11797: 11793: 11789: 11785: 11781: 11777: 11773: 11769: 11765: 11761: 11757: 11753: 11748: 11742: 11732: 11727: 11717: 11715: 11711: 11706: 11699: 11687:Organizations 11684: 11670: 11665: 11662: 11656: 11650: 11646: 11642: 11637: 11631: 11625: 11619: 11613: 11610: 11605: 11600: 11594: 11588: 11582: 11576: 11570: 11564: 11558: 11555: 11549: 11543: 11537: 11531: 11525: 11519: 11513: 11508: 11504: 11499: 11497: 11493: 11477: 11473: 11468: 11467: 11460: 11457: 11451: 11445: 11439: 11436: 11427: 11423: 11422: 11421: 11418: 11396: 11379: 11373: 11367: 11352: 11345: 11331: 11323: 11319: 11305: 11298: 11291: 11285: 11273: 11268: 11266: 11261: 11259: 11254: 11253: 11251: 11250: 11245: 11242: 11240: 11237: 11235: 11232: 11231: 11230: 11229: 11226: 11223: 11222: 11217: 11214: 11212: 11209: 11207: 11204: 11202: 11199: 11197: 11194: 11192: 11189: 11187: 11184: 11182: 11179: 11177: 11174: 11172: 11169: 11168: 11167: 11166: 11163: 11160: 11159: 11154: 11151: 11149: 11146: 11144: 11141: 11139: 11136: 11134: 11131: 11130: 11129: 11128: 11125: 11122: 11121: 11116: 11113: 11111: 11108: 11106: 11103: 11101: 11098: 11096: 11093: 11091: 11088: 11086: 11083: 11079: 11076: 11075: 11074: 11071: 11069: 11066: 11064: 11061: 11059: 11056: 11054: 11051: 11049: 11046: 11044: 11041: 11039: 11036: 11034: 11031: 11029: 11026: 11024: 11021: 11019: 11018:Equatoguinean 11016: 11014: 11011: 11009: 11006: 11004: 11001: 10999: 10996: 10994: 10991: 10989: 10986: 10984: 10981: 10979: 10976: 10974: 10971: 10969: 10966: 10964: 10961: 10959: 10956: 10954: 10951: 10949: 10946: 10945: 10944: 10943: 10940: 10937: 10936: 10929: 10926: 10924: 10921: 10920: 10919: 10916: 10914: 10911: 10909: 10906: 10902: 10899: 10897: 10894: 10893: 10892: 10889: 10885: 10882: 10881: 10880: 10877: 10875: 10872: 10871: 10870: 10869: 10866: 10863: 10862: 10857: 10854: 10852: 10849: 10847: 10844: 10843: 10842: 10841: 10838: 10835: 10834: 10829: 10826: 10824: 10821: 10817: 10814: 10813: 10812: 10811:Pronunciation 10809: 10808: 10807: 10806: 10802: 10801: 10795: 10794: 10786: 10782: 10781: 10778: 10775: 10774: 10770: 10760: 10758: 10754: 10749: 10747: 10743: 10738: 10736: 10732: 10728: 10724: 10720: 10716: 10712: 10708: 10704: 10700: 10699:Sephardi Jews 10691: 10684: 10679: 10674: 10664: 10661: 10653: 10650:10. Romanian 10647: 10643: 10639: 10636: 10630: 10624: 10618: 10617: 10610: 10605: 10598: 10593: 10585: 10580: 10579: 10573: 10556: 10553: 10549: 10546: 10542: 10539: 10535: 10532: 10531: 10526: 10523: 10522: 10517: 10514: 10513: 10508: 10505: 10501: 10498: 10497: 10492: 10489: 10488: 10483: 10472: 10471: 10467: 10464: 10460: 10456: 10450: 10449:niente, nulla 10446: 10443: 10439: 10436: 10435: 10430: 10427: 10426: 10421: 10417: 10416: 10408: 10407: 10402: 10399: 10395: 10391: 10390: 10383: 10382: 10374: 10373: 10368: 10365: 10364: 10359: 10338: "thing" 10330: 10329: 10325: 10322: 10318: 10315: 10311: 10308: 10304: 10300: 10299: 10291: 10290: 10285: 10282: 10281: 10276: 10272: 10271: 10262: 10261: 10253: 10252: 10247: 10243: 10236: 10232: 10229: 10228: 10223: 10219: 10218: 10210: 10209: 10204: 10195: 10194: 10190: 10187: 10183: 10180: 10176: 10173: 10169: 10165: 10164: 10157: 10156: 10148: 10147: 10142: 10138: 10137: 10129: 10128: 10123: 10120: 10119: 10114: 10111: 10107: 10104: 10103: 10098: 10094: 10093: 10085: 10084: 10079: 10062: 10061: 10057: 10054: 10050: 10047: 10043: 10040: 10036: 10033: 10032: 10027: 10024: 10023: 10018: 10014: 10013: 10005: 10004: 9999: 9996: 9992: 9989: 9988: 9984: 9979: 9975: 9974: 9966: 9965: 9960: 9947: 9946: 9942: 9939: 9935: 9932: 9928: 9925: 9921: 9918: 9917: 9912: 9909: 9908: 9903: 9900: 9899: 9894: 9891: 9887: 9884: 9883: 9879: 9874: 9871: 9870: 9865: 9860: 9848:"day of Mars" 9845: 9834: 9833: 9829: 9826: 9822: 9819: 9815: 9812: 9808: 9804: 9803: 9795: 9794: 9789: 9786: 9785: 9780: 9777: 9776: 9771: 9768: 9764: 9761: 9760: 9755: 9752: 9751: 9746: 9735: 9734: 9730: 9727: 9723: 9720: 9719:noi, noialtri 9716: 9713: 9709: 9705: 9704: 9696: 9695: 9690: 9687: 9686: 9681: 9678: 9677: 9670: 9669: 9664: 9661: 9657: 9654: 9653: 9649: 9644: 9641: 9640: 9635: 9628:nōs (alterōs) 9624: 9623: 9620: 9617: 9615: 9612: 9610: 9607: 9605: 9602: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9589:Astur-Leonese 9587: 9585: 9582: 9580: 9577: 9574: 9572: 9569: 9568: 9564: 9561: 9558: 9554: 9549: 9545: 9544: 9539: 9535: 9530: 9528: 9524: 9520: 9516: 9512: 9508: 9504: 9500: 9496: 9490: 9480: 9478: 9474: 9470: 9466: 9462: 9458: 9457:United States 9454: 9450: 9446: 9445:Latin America 9441: 9439: 9435: 9431: 9427: 9423: 9419: 9415: 9411: 9407: 9403: 9399: 9395: 9391: 9387: 9383: 9379: 9375: 9371: 9367: 9363: 9359: 9355: 9351: 9346: 9344: 9340: 9336: 9332: 9328: 9324: 9320: 9316: 9312: 9306: 9304: 9300: 9296: 9290: 9288: 9282: 9280: 9274: 9272: 9262: 9260: 9255: 9249: 9243: 9237: 9231: 9226: 9222: 9217: 9211: 9205: 9199: 9187: 9184: 9178: 9172: 9166: 9160: 9154: 9148: 9147: 9140: 9139: 9132: 9131: 9124: 9122: 9118: 9114: 9110: 9106: 9104: 9098: 9093: 9089: 9087: 9081: 9075: 9069: 9068: 9056: 9053: 9047: 9041: 9038: 9037: 9030: 9024: 9019: 9013: 9003: 9000: 8994: 8988: 8983: 8979: 8975: 8970: 8960: 8958: 8954: 8950: 8946: 8942: 8938: 8934: 8930: 8926: 8922: 8918: 8914: 8910: 8906: 8901: 8895: 8893: 8889: 8885: 8881: 8877: 8872: 8866: 8861: 8858: 8853: 8849: 8844: 8838: 8833: 8831: 8827: 8823: 8819: 8815: 8811: 8807: 8802: 8796: 8789: 8778: 8776: 8772: 8767: 8761: 8755: 8749: 8743: 8737: 8731: 8725: 8719: 8707: 8705: 8700: 8699: 8695:The forms in 8692: 8688: 8687: 8682: 8679: 8678: 8671: 8667: 8664: 8660: 8657: 8653: 8650: 8644: 8640: 8637: 8633: 8630: 8629: 8624: 8621: 8617: 8616: 8612: 8611: 8606: 8603: 8602: 8595: 8591: 8588: 8584: 8581: 8577: 8574: 8568: 8564: 8561: 8557: 8554: 8553: 8548: 8545: 8541: 8540: 8536: 8535: 8530: 8527: 8526: 8519: 8515: 8512: 8508: 8505: 8501: 8498: 8492: 8488: 8485: 8481: 8478: 8477: 8472: 8469: 8465: 8464: 8460: 8457: 8454: 8451: 8448: 8445: 8442: 8441: 8430: 8424: 8421: 8415: 8411:, almost all 8409: 8397: 8395: 8390: 8389: 8385:The forms in 8382: 8378: 8374: 8371: 8370: 8363: 8362: 8357: 8354: 8350: 8347: 8346: 8341: 8338: 8337: 8332: 8329: 8328: 8323: 8320: 8319: 8314: 8311: 8307: 8306: 8302: 8298: 8295: 8294: 8287: 8286: 8281: 8278: 8274: 8271: 8270: 8265: 8262: 8261: 8256: 8253: 8252: 8247: 8244: 8243: 8238: 8235: 8231: 8230: 8226: 8222: 8219: 8218: 8211: 8210: 8205: 8202: 8198: 8195: 8194: 8189: 8186: 8185: 8180: 8177: 8176: 8171: 8168: 8167: 8162: 8159: 8155: 8154: 8150: 8147: 8144: 8141: 8138: 8135: 8132: 8131: 8120: 8114: 8111: 8105: 8099: 8087: 8085: 8080: 8079: 8075:The forms in 8072: 8068: 8064: 8061: 8060: 8053: 8052: 8047: 8044: 8043: 8038: 8035: 8034: 8029: 8026: 8025: 8020: 8017: 8016: 8011: 8008: 8007: 8002: 7999: 7995: 7994: 7990: 7986: 7983: 7982: 7975: 7974: 7969: 7966: 7965: 7960: 7957: 7956: 7951: 7948: 7947: 7942: 7939: 7938: 7933: 7930: 7929: 7924: 7921: 7917: 7916: 7912: 7908: 7905: 7904: 7897: 7896: 7891: 7888: 7887: 7882: 7879: 7878: 7873: 7870: 7869: 7864: 7861: 7860: 7855: 7852: 7851: 7846: 7843: 7839: 7838: 7834: 7831: 7828: 7825: 7822: 7819: 7816: 7815: 7804: 7799: 7791: 7788: 7782: 7776: 7770: 7768: 7760: 7754: 7748: 7742: 7740: 7732: 7726: 7724: 7716: 7710: 7708: 7697: 7693: 7688: 7682: 7677: 7673: 7669: 7664: 7658: 7652: 7649: 7643: 7638: 7634: 7629: 7624: 7619: 7614: 7609: 7603: 7597: 7594: 7588: 7582: 7576: 7575: 7568: 7562: 7556: 7550: 7544: 7538: 7533: 7529: 7526: 7525:second-person 7522: 7518: 7510: 7505: 7499: 7494: 7484: 7482: 7479:of the third 7478: 7474: 7470: 7469:morphological 7456: 7442: 7433: 7429: 7424: 7423: 7405: 7403: 7398: 7390: 7387:("curly-tail 7382: 7378: 7374: 7370: 7362: 7350: 7347: 7343: 7339: 7335: 7331: 7327: 7323: 7315: 7312: 7308: 7299: 7289: 7286: 7265: 7264: 7257: 7256: 7249: 7248: 7234: 7230: 7228: 7223: 7214: 7208: 7202: 7193: 7192: 7191: 7187: 7173: 7167: 7159: 7149: 7147: 7141: 7139: 7135: 7131: 7126: 7124: 7120: 7116: 7110: 7101: 7092: 7089: 7088:United States 7085: 7084:mother tongue 7081: 7077: 7073: 7069: 7065: 7061: 7051: 7049: 7036: 7033: 7027: 7021: 7015: 7009: 7003: 6997: 6991: 6986: 6985:minimal pairs 6977: 6972: 6968: 6964: 6958: 6952: 6946: 6940: 6934: 6928: 6922: 6916: 6910: 6904: 6899: 6896: 6892: 6889: 6885: 6884: 6883: 6880: 6878: 6874: 6869: 6867: 6863: 6844: 6840: 6838: 6832: 6829: 6828: 6820: 6816: 6814: 6808: 6805: 6804: 6797: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6784: 6782: 6776: 6773: 6772: 6768: 6764: 6760: 6755: 6752: 6748: 6744: 6740: 6737: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6727: 6723: 6716: 6712: 6709: 6702: 6698: 6694: 6691: 6684: 6680: 6677: 6670: 6666: 6664: 6661: 6660: 6654: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6641: 6639: 6634: 6630: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6622: 6619: 6614: 6609: 6604: 6599: 6594: 6593: 6587: 6585: 6581: 6577: 6573: 6553: 6544: 6541: 6540: 6527:. Similarly, 6525: 6524: 6509: 6499: 6495: 6491: 6487: 6483: 6463: 6459: 6456: 6449: 6445: 6442: 6438: 6434: 6430: 6426: 6421: 6419: 6391: 6367: 6359: 6354: 6345: 6342: 6336: 6330: 6324: 6318: 6312: 6306: 6300: 6294: 6288: 6282: 6276: 6270: 6264: 6258: 6252: 6246: 6237: 6233: 6229: 6225: 6219: 6196: 6194: 6193:salir volando 6190: 6186: 6182: 6178: 6174: 6173:pragmatically 6170: 6166: 6162: 6158: 6154: 6149: 6147: 6143: 6139: 6135: 6131: 6128: 6124: 6120: 6115: 6113: 6109: 6108:Spanish verbs 6105: 6100: 6098: 6094: 6090: 6086: 6082: 6078: 6074: 6070: 6066: 6062: 6058: 6054: 6050: 6046: 6042: 6038: 6034: 6030: 6022: 6021: 6016: 6012: 6007: 5992: 5989: 5986: 5983: 5980: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5969: 5968: 5961: 5959: 5957: 5955: 5953: 5950: 5949: 5945: 5943: 5941: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5933: 5929: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5915: 5911: 5908: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5896: 5889: 5887: 5885: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5877: 5873: 5871: 5869: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5861: 5854: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5841: 5837: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5827: 5824: 5823: 5816: 5813: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5801: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5789: 5787: 5784: 5783: 5776: 5770: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5755: 5748: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5735: 5732: 5730: 5727: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5718: 5711: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5702: 5699: 5698: 5694: 5691: 5688: 5685: 5683: 5680: 5679: 5672: 5669: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5657: 5650: 5644: 5642: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5634: 5627: 5624: 5621: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5613: 5606: 5603: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5591: 5587: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5573: 5569: 5566: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5555: 5554: 5550: 5547: 5544: 5541: 5539: 5536: 5535: 5528: 5526: 5524: 5521: 5519: 5516: 5515: 5508: 5505: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5493: 5486: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5474: 5473: 5466: 5463: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5451: 5444: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5427: 5420: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5407: 5400: 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5383: 5379: 5376: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5364: 5361: 5360: 5356: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5343: 5339: 5336: 5333: 5330: 5328: 5325: 5324: 5320: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5307: 5306: 5299: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5282: 5278: 5276: 5274: 5271: 5269: 5266: 5265: 5261: 5258: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5246: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5228: 5224: 5221: 5218: 5215: 5213: 5210: 5209: 5202: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5185: 5178: 5172: 5170: 5167: 5165: 5162: 5161: 5157: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5145: 5144: 5140: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5127: 5120: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5103: 5096: 5090: 5084: 5081: 5079: 5076: 5075: 5068: 5065: 5062: 5059: 5057: 5054: 5053: 5046: 5043: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5031: 5027: 5025: 5023: 5020: 5018: 5015: 5014: 5007: 5001: 4999: 4996: 4994: 4991: 4990: 4983: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4966: 4962: 4956: 4954: 4951: 4949: 4946: 4945: 4941: 4938: 4936: 4933: 4930: 4927: 4926: 4922: 4919: 4916: 4913: 4911: 4908: 4907: 4903: 4900: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4888: 4881: 4875: 4872: 4869: 4867: 4864: 4863: 4856: 4850: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4838: 4831: 4828: 4825: 4822: 4821: 4811: 4808: 4805: 4802: 4801: 4791: 4788: 4785: 4782: 4781: 4771: 4768: 4765: 4762: 4761: 4754: 4748: 4745: 4742: 4740: 4737: 4736: 4729: 4726: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4715: 4714: 4704: 4701: 4698: 4695: 4694: 4684: 4681: 4678: 4675: 4674: 4670: 4667: 4664: 4661: 4658: 4655: 4654: 4647: 4641: 4635: 4632: 4630: 4627: 4626: 4616: 4613: 4610: 4607: 4606: 4602: 4599: 4596: 4593: 4590: 4587: 4586: 4582: 4579: 4576: 4573: 4570: 4567: 4566: 4559: 4556: 4553: 4550: 4549: 4545: 4542: 4539: 4536: 4533: 4530: 4529: 4525: 4522: 4519: 4516: 4513: 4510: 4509: 4505: 4502: 4496: 4493: 4490: 4487: 4486: 4479: 4476: 4473: 4470: 4469: 4465: 4462: 4456: 4453: 4450: 4447: 4446: 4442: 4439: 4436: 4433: 4430: 4427: 4426: 4422: 4419: 4416: 4413: 4410: 4407: 4406: 4399: 4396: 4393: 4390: 4389: 4382: 4376: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4367:United States 4365: 4364: 4360: 4357: 4354: 4351: 4348: 4345: 4344: 4325: 4324: 4314: 4305: 4303: 4302:Southern Cone 4298: 4296: 4292: 4288: 4284: 4280: 4276: 4271: 4269: 4265: 4261: 4257: 4253: 4252:Easter Island 4246: 4242: 4241:Easter Island 4237: 4228: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4209: 4206: 4201: 4196: 4191: 4189: 4185: 4180: 4176: 4169: 4165: 4161: 4156: 4152: 4150: 4149: 4144: 4140: 4131: 4126: 4122: 4118: 4108: 4106: 4105:African Union 4101: 4099: 4095: 4091: 4087: 4083: 4079: 4074: 4072: 4068: 4063: 4061: 4057: 4053: 4049: 4045: 4039: 4035: 4025: 4023: 4019: 4015: 4010: 4007: 4003: 3999: 3993: 3989: 3984: 3979: 3964: 3962: 3958: 3954: 3950: 3946: 3942: 3938: 3934: 3930: 3925: 3923: 3919: 3915: 3911: 3907: 3903: 3898: 3896: 3892: 3888: 3883: 3881: 3877: 3873: 3863: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3841: 3837: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3821: 3817: 3813: 3809: 3805: 3801: 3797: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3784:San Francisco 3781: 3777: 3773: 3769: 3765: 3759: 3757: 3753: 3749: 3744: 3742: 3733: 3728: 3724: 3720: 3714: 3707:United States 3704: 3702: 3698: 3694: 3690: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3674: 3670: 3666: 3662: 3658: 3654: 3650: 3646: 3642: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3613: 3608: 3607: 3602: 3596: 3581: 3579: 3575: 3571: 3567: 3563: 3558: 3556: 3552: 3547: 3544: 3540: 3501: 3496: 3486: 3484: 3480: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3441: 3436: 3426: 3424: 3420: 3419:New York City 3416: 3412: 3408: 3403: 3400: 3395: 3394: 3389: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3372: 3370: 3366: 3362: 3359:, written in 3357: 3356: 3349: 3348:for details. 3347: 3327: 3319: 3314: 3313: 3307: 3298: 3297: 3291: 3287: 3273: 3270: 3266: 3263: 3259: 3256: 3252: 3249: 3243: 3237: 3233: 3231: (arch.) 3229: 3225: 3222: 3218: 3216: 3213: 3210: 3209: 3201: 3197: 3194: 3193: 3185: 3183: 3177: 3174: 3173: 3165: 3161: 3158: 3157: 3149: 3147: 3141: 3138: 3137: 3129: 3127: 3121: 3117: 3112: 3111: 3107: 3104: 3100: 3097: 3093: 3090: 3086: 3083: 3079: 3076: 3070: 3069: 3061: 3060: 3054: 3051: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3035: 3027: 3023: 3020: 3016: 3013: 3007: 3005: 2999: 2996: 2992: 2989: 2987: 2977: 2972: 2971: 2967: 2964: 2960: 2957: 2953: 2950: 2946: 2943: 2939: 2936: 2932: 2929: 2925: 2922: 2916: 2912: 2909: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2895: 2892: 2888: 2885: 2881: 2878: 2876: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2862: 2858: 2855: 2851: 2848: 2844: 2841: 2837: 2834: 2830: 2827: 2820: 2814: 2807: 2803: 2800: 2798: 2790: 2788: 2783: 2779: 2775: 2774: 2770: 2767: 2763: 2760: 2756: 2753: 2749: 2746: 2743: 2739: 2736: 2729: 2725: 2722: 2718: 2715: 2713: 2708: 2705: 2701: 2698: 2694: 2691: 2689: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2675: 2671: 2668: 2665: 2662: 2659: 2656: 2653: 2650: 2647: 2644: 2641: 2638: 2635: 2632: 2631: 2627: 2625: 2614: 2611: 2607: 2604: 2600: 2597: 2593: 2590: 2586: 2583: 2581: 2574: 2568: 2564: 2561: 2557: 2554: 2547: 2543: 2540: 2531: 2530: 2526: 2523: 2519: 2516: 2512: 2509: 2505: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2492: 2484: 2482: 2475: 2469: 2465: 2462: 2456: 2452: 2443: 2442: 2438: 2435: 2431: 2428: 2424: 2422: 2420: 2414: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2401: 2394: 2392: 2385: 2379: 2375: 2372: 2368: 2365: 2361: 2358: 2351: 2347: 2344: 2340: 2337: 2335: 2330: 2325: 2324: 2320: 2317: 2313: 2310: 2306: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2294: 2291: 2289: 2282: 2278: 2275: 2271: 2268: 2264: 2261: 2257: 2254: 2250: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2233: 2229: 2226: 2224: 2219: 2214: 2213: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2200: 2197: 2194: 2191: 2188: 2185: 2182: 2179: 2176: 2173: 2170: 2169: 2165: 2162: 2159: 2153: 2147: 2142: 2137: 2131: 2125: 2119: 2113: 2107: 2101: 2095: 2089: 2083: 2077: 2072: 2067: 2061: 2055: 2049: 2043: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2021: 2018: 2012: 2007: 2006:no difference 2003: 1995: 1990: 1984: 1978: 1975: 1971:> Spanish 1969: 1963: 1959:> Spanish 1957: 1951: 1945: 1940: 1936: 1927: 1917: 1914: 1912: 1906: 1903: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1891: 1887: 1884: 1880: 1877: 1873: 1870: 1863: 1861: 1850: 1849: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1834: 1831: 1829: 1823: 1820: 1816: 1813: 1811: 1805: 1802: 1798: 1795: 1791: 1788: 1781: 1779: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1757: 1756: 1752: 1749: 1745: 1742: 1735: 1731: 1728: 1724: 1721: 1714: 1712: 1701: 1700: 1696: 1693: 1691: 1685: 1682: 1680: 1674: 1671: 1666: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1652: 1649: 1643: 1639: 1636: 1629: 1627: 1616: 1615: 1611: 1608: 1605: 1602: 1599: 1596: 1593: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1572: 1571: 1567: 1565: 1560: 1554: 1549: 1544: 1540:> Spanish 1538: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1522:from that of 1521: 1516: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1489: 1488: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1457: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1416:, and later, 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1370: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1316: 1312: 1307: 1302: 1292: 1289: 1283: 1278: 1273: 1267: 1261: 1256: 1251: 1249: 1245: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1214: 1208: 1205: 1199: 1193: 1187: 1181: 1175: 1174:Lengua vulgar 1169: 1164: 1159: 1156: 1151: 1146: 1140: 1135: 1130: 1119: 1116: 1110: 1104: 1098: 1097: 1090: 1087: 1081: 1075: 1070: 1064: 1060: 1054: 1052: 1047: 1042: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1013: 1009: 1005: 1001: 997: 992: 991: 984: 983: 970: 960: 958: 957:African Union 954: 950: 946: 942: 938: 934: 929: 927: 923: 919: 914: 912: 908: 904: 900: 895: 890: 886: 881: 879: 875: 871: 867: 863: 859: 855: 851: 847: 843: 839: 835: 831: 827: 823: 819: 815: 811: 806: 801: 796: 791: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 764: 758: 734: 729: 725: 721: 719: 715: 711: 707: 705: 704: 699: 695: 691: 688: 687:Linguist List 683: 679: 675: 672: 667: 662: 657: 654: 649: 644: 639: 636: 631: 626: 621: 620: 613: 610: 608: 604: 598: 595: 593: 590: 588: 585: 583: 580: 578: 575: 573: 570: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 540: 538: 535: 533: 532:African Union 530: 529: 526: 525:organizations 523:International 514: 513:United States 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 495: 492: 482: 479: 478: 475: 465: 462: 461: 458: 448: 445: 443: 440: 438: 435: 433: 430: 428: 425: 423: 420: 418: 415: 413: 410: 408: 405: 403: 400: 398: 395: 393: 390: 388: 385: 383: 380: 378: 375: 373: 370: 368: 365: 363: 360: 358: 355: 353: 350: 349: 346: 340: 334: 329: 325: 322: 318: 312: 309: 304: 300: 297: 293: 287: 279: 276: 275: 274: 271: 270: 269: 265: 259: 233: 230: 229: 228: 225: 224: 223: 220: 219: 218: 217:Ibero-Romance 215: 214: 213: 209: 206: 205: 204: 201: 200: 199: 198:Italo-Western 196: 195: 194: 191: 190: 189: 186: 185: 184: 181: 180: 179: 176: 175: 174: 173:Indo-European 170: 166: 160: 152: 148: 142: 136: 128: 122: 114: 108: 104: 102:Pronunciation 100: 93: 89: 86: 82: 81: 78: 73: 68: 63: 59: 54: 40: 36: 32: 25: 20: 23667: 23658: 23610: 23603: 23596: 23545: 23447: 23440: 23402:Languedocien 23394: 23387:Judeo-Gascon 23385: 23326: 23277: 23247:Barranquenho 23226: 23219: 23195: 23177: 23119: 23081: 23065: 23064: 23055:Extremaduran 23029: 23003: 22989: 22977: 22965: 22958: 22915: 22874:Asturleonese 22838: 22831: 22789:West Walloon 22777:Saintongeais 22725: 22701: 22697:Anglo-Norman 22655: 22588:Newfoundland 22548:Jersey Legal 22540: 22448: 22413:Southwestern 22396:Vallassinese 22285:Gallo-Picene 22226:Gallo-Italic 22188: 22104: 22099: 22038: 22004: 21919: 21865: 21735: 21721: 21715: 21694: 21686:Media Lengua 21684: 21674: 21664: 21657: 21643: 21617: 21581: 21571: 21511: 21505:Coastal Peru 21497: 21478: 21467:Paisa Region 21459: 21445: 21431: 21417: 21398: 21384: 21365: 21321:Sabine River 21308: 21295: 21290: 21259: 21212:Puerto Rican 21138:by continent 21135: 21090: 21078:of Knowledge 21073: 21056: 21039: 21022: 21010:from Commons 21005: 20988: 20967: 20897: 20883:. Retrieved 20866: 20862: 20847:, retrieved 20827: 20815:, retrieved 20808:the original 20802: 20781: 20767:. Retrieved 20747: 20735:, retrieved 20715: 20697:cite journal 20678: 20674: 20663:, retrieved 20643: 20614: 20610: 20598:. Retrieved 20578: 20552: 20548: 20536:. Retrieved 20516: 20503:. Retrieved 20496:the original 20475: 20471: 20452:. Retrieved 20432: 20412: 20391: 20377:. Retrieved 20367: 20343: 20321:. Retrieved 20312: 20303: 20291:. Retrieved 20282: 20273: 20253: 20241:. Retrieved 20232: 20223: 20211:. Retrieved 20197: 20185:. Retrieved 20171: 20159:. Retrieved 20145: 20133:. Retrieved 20129:the original 20119: 20107:. Retrieved 20103:the original 20093: 20081:. Retrieved 20067: 20055:. Retrieved 20051:the original 20041: 20029:. Retrieved 20025:the original 20015: 20003:. Retrieved 19999:the original 19989: 19977:. Retrieved 19973:the original 19963: 19951:. Retrieved 19937: 19925:. Retrieved 19921:the original 19911: 19899:. Retrieved 19895:the original 19885: 19873:. Retrieved 19859: 19847:. Retrieved 19843:the original 19833: 19821:. Retrieved 19817:the original 19807: 19795:. Retrieved 19791:the original 19781: 19769:. Retrieved 19765:the original 19755: 19743:. Retrieved 19739:the original 19729: 19717:. Retrieved 19713:the original 19703: 19691:. Retrieved 19687:the original 19677: 19665:. Retrieved 19661:the original 19651: 19639:. Retrieved 19635:the original 19625: 19613:. Retrieved 19609:the original 19599: 19587:. Retrieved 19567: 19560: 19548:. Retrieved 19544:the original 19534: 19522:. Retrieved 19513: 19504: 19461: 19442: 19430:. Retrieved 19392: 19388: 19384: 19380: 19376: 19372: 19368: 19364: 19359: 19347:. Retrieved 19338: 19329: 19317:. Retrieved 19308: 19299: 19287: 19275: 19263: 19252: 19240: 19228:. Retrieved 19219: 19210: 19198:. Retrieved 19178: 19166:. Retrieved 19146: 19134:. Retrieved 19114: 19091:. Retrieved 19079: 19066: 19054:. Retrieved 19034: 19023: 19017: 19005:. Retrieved 18985: 18978: 18963: 18958: 18946:. Retrieved 18916: 18909: 18901: 18889: 18882: 18870:. Retrieved 18861: 18851: 18835:(2): 11–40. 18832: 18828: 18818: 18806:. Retrieved 18792: 18780:. Retrieved 18743: 18731:. Retrieved 18706: 18696: 18684: 18673:the original 18664: 18657: 18641: 18635: 18603:. Retrieved 18594: 18584: 18572:. Retrieved 18564:The Guardian 18563: 18554: 18542:. Retrieved 18528: 18516:. Retrieved 18509:the original 18496: 18484: 18472:. Retrieved 18468:the original 18461: 18454: 18445: 18439: 18427: 18415: 18403: 18396:Hualde (2014 18391: 18379: 18361:Cervantes.es 18356: 18344:. Retrieved 18338:. CIA (US). 18335: 18326: 18314:. Retrieved 18310:the original 18300: 18288:. Retrieved 18268: 18258: 18244: 18232:. Retrieved 18218: 18206:. Retrieved 18202:the original 18192: 18180:. Retrieved 18168: 18156: 18136: 18124:. Retrieved 18115:. UN. 2008. 18104: 18092:. Retrieved 18088:the original 18078: 18059: 18047:. Retrieved 18043:the original 18033: 18021:. Retrieved 18007: 17995:. Retrieved 17981: 17961: 17949:. Retrieved 17945:the original 17935: 17923:. Retrieved 17909: 17897:. Retrieved 17883: 17871:. Retrieved 17867:the original 17857: 17840: 17828:, retrieved 17816: 17804: 17785: 17773:. Retrieved 17753: 17745: 17730: 17720:25 September 17718:. Retrieved 17698: 17679: 17671:the original 17666: 17656: 17644:. Retrieved 17630: 17618:. Retrieved 17583:. Retrieved 17569: 17557:. Retrieved 17548: 17539: 17527:. Retrieved 17513: 17495: 17483:. Retrieved 17469: 17450: 17439:, retrieved 17429: 17423: 17411:. Retrieved 17397: 17385:. Retrieved 17381:the original 17371: 17359:. Retrieved 17345: 17333:. Retrieved 17319: 17307:. Retrieved 17287: 17275:. Retrieved 17261: 17241: 17229:. Retrieved 17215: 17203:. Retrieved 17191: 17179: 17160: 17149:the original 17136: 17131: 17114:the original 17104: 17092:. Retrieved 17078: 17066:. Retrieved 17046: 17027: 17015:. Retrieved 17001: 16989:. Retrieved 16975: 16964:, retrieved 16954: 16948: 16928: 16914: 16908: 16897: 16879: 16859: 16848:the original 16838: 16827:, retrieved 16817: 16810: 16802:the original 16792: 16781:, retrieved 16771: 16764: 16745: 16733:. Retrieved 16724: 16721:"Costa Rica" 16715: 16703:. Retrieved 16699:the original 16689: 16678: 16666:. Retrieved 16660:. Istat.it. 16652: 16640:. Retrieved 16620: 16595:, retrieved 16586: 16581: 16575: 16555: 16543:. Retrieved 16529: 16510: 16498:. Retrieved 16478: 16459: 16447:. Retrieved 16433: 16421:. Retrieved 16412: 16403: 16391:. Retrieved 16374: 16126:. Retrieved 16120:. Insee.fr. 16112: 16093: 16081:. Retrieved 16077:the original 16067: 16055:. Retrieved 16051:the original 16041: 16029:. Retrieved 16020: 16011: 15999:. Retrieved 15995:the original 15985: 15977:the original 15972: 15963: 15955: 15948:, retrieved 15939: 15930: 15914: 15905: 15893:. Retrieved 15878: 15867:, retrieved 15846: 15844:"Estimate", 15839: 15831: 15824:, retrieved 15815: 15806: 15794:. Retrieved 15781: 15772: 15764: 15759:21 September 15757:, retrieved 15748: 15739: 15731: 15724:, retrieved 15710: 15703: 15692:the original 15673: 15665: 15658:, retrieved 15649: 15640: 15627:. Retrieved 15618: 15609: 15597:. Retrieved 15583: 15574: 15563:, retrieved 15559:the original 15553: 15547: 15535:. Retrieved 15531:the original 15521: 15479: 15467:. Retrieved 15453: 15435: 15423:. Retrieved 15408: 15390: 15378:. Retrieved 15363: 15348: 15341: 15327: 15321: 15309:, retrieved 15303:, USA: CIA, 15299: 15278:, retrieved 15274:the original 15268: 15262: 15250:, retrieved 15234: 15203: 15196:, retrieved 15180: 15173:the original 15167: 15144: 15132:. Retrieved 15123: 15111: 15099:. Retrieved 15079: 15067:. Retrieved 15063:the original 15053: 15041:. Retrieved 15020: 15008:. Retrieved 14994: 14983:, retrieved 14979:the original 14973: 14967: 14960:Rubino (2008 14955: 14944:, retrieved 14928: 14920: 14908:. Retrieved 14888: 14883: 14876: 14864:. Retrieved 14849: 14837:. Retrieved 14818: 14806:. Retrieved 14802:the original 14788: 14776:. Retrieved 14758: 14746:. Retrieved 14740:. GMA News. 14731: 14719:. Retrieved 14704: 14696: 14691: 14683: 14677: 14665:. Retrieved 14651: 14639:. Retrieved 14635:the original 14630: 14617: 14605:. Retrieved 14596: 14587: 14575:. Retrieved 14566: 14557: 14545:. Retrieved 14531: 14519:. Retrieved 14505: 14493:. Retrieved 14473: 14461:. Retrieved 14446: 14434:. Retrieved 14425: 14415: 14403:. Retrieved 14392: 14383: 14371: 14359:. Retrieved 14339: 14332: 14325:Vicente 2011 14303:. Retrieved 14270: 14264: 14254: 14246: 14242: 14239:Lipski, John 14233: 14221:. Retrieved 14204: 14194: 14183:, retrieved 14173: 14167: 14155:. Retrieved 14127: 14123: 14107: 14095:. Retrieved 14075: 14062: 14050:. Retrieved 14041: 14037: 14027: 14015:. Retrieved 13996: 13992: 13979: 13967:. Retrieved 13955: 13942: 13932:23 September 13930:. Retrieved 13921: 13912: 13900:. Retrieved 13886: 13874:. Retrieved 13849: 13845: 13835: 13823: 13809: 13797:. Retrieved 13793:the original 13788: 13779: 13769:11 September 13767:. Retrieved 13754: 13742:. Retrieved 13722: 13715: 13710:(in Spanish) 13702:. Retrieved 13688: 13676:. Retrieved 13662: 13650:. Retrieved 13632: 13609: 13603: 13598:, p. 1. 13576:. Retrieved 13567: 13558: 13553:, Article 48 13539: 13520: 13508:. Retrieved 13494: 13482:. Retrieved 13468: 13456: 13433: 13427: 13415:. Retrieved 13401: 13389:. Retrieved 13380: 13371: 13358:. Retrieved 13349: 13340: 13328:. Retrieved 13321:the original 13308: 13296:. Retrieved 13276: 13269: 13257:. Retrieved 13237: 13230: 13218:. Retrieved 13209: 13200: 13188:. Retrieved 13184:the original 13174: 13162:. Retrieved 13148: 13123:22 September 13121:. Retrieved 13117:the original 13112: 13103: 13091:. Retrieved 13082: 13073: 13061:. Retrieved 13034: 13012: 13000:. Retrieved 12986: 12974:. Retrieved 12965: 12955: 12943:. Retrieved 12934: 12925: 12917: 12902: 12890:. Retrieved 12870: 12863: 12851:. Retrieved 12831: 12824: 12812:. Retrieved 12808:the original 12803: 12793: 12782:, retrieved 12772: 12765: 12753:. Retrieved 12742: 12733: 12721:. Retrieved 12694: 12684: 12672:. Retrieved 12658: 12646:. Retrieved 12642:the original 12617:. Retrieved 12608: 12583:. Retrieved 12569: 12557:. Retrieved 12546: 12536: 12525: 12513:. Retrieved 12331: 12180:Media Lengua 12094:Panhispanism 12032:Vale un Perú 11963: 11959:in English: 11956: 11954: 11943:in Spanish: 11938: 11936: 11880: 11855: 11737: 11701: 11666: 11614: 11559: 11500: 11492:acute accent 11461: 11441:The letters 11440: 11431: 11419: 11284:Latin script 11281: 11124:Dialectology 11085:Puerto Rican 10913:Prepositions 10776: 10750: 10741: 10739: 10696: 10683:Rashi script 10659: 10654:(from Latin 10651: 10645: 10641: 10637: 10622: 10614: 10587:in Galician. 10576: 10563: 10529: 10520: 10511: 10495: 10486: 10433: 10424: 10414: 10405: 10388: 10380: 10371: 10362: 10297: 10294:(arch. 10288: 10279: 10269: 10259: 10250: 10239:(arch. 10226: 10216: 10213:(arch. 10207: 10162: 10154: 10145: 10135: 10126: 10117: 10101: 10091: 10082: 10030: 10021: 10011: 10002: 9986: 9982: 9972: 9963: 9915: 9906: 9897: 9881: 9877: 9868: 9801: 9792: 9783: 9774: 9758: 9749: 9702: 9693: 9684: 9675: 9667: 9651: 9647: 9638: 9562: 9541: 9537: 9531: 9497:, including 9492: 9476: 9472: 9468: 9452: 9443:In general, 9442: 9347: 9338: 9334: 9330: 9326: 9322: 9318: 9314: 9310: 9307: 9302: 9298: 9294: 9291: 9287:Vulgar Latin 9283: 9275: 9271:Latin origin 9268: 9193: 9125: 9102: 9085: 9062: 9042: 9040:in Spanish. 9017: 9009: 8966: 8896: 8862: 8834: 8828:and coastal 8798:(the use of 8784: 8774: 8770: 8714: 8706:-conjugation 8703: 8702: 8697: 8696: 8685: 8676: 8627: 8609: 8600: 8594:volvierai(s) 8580:volveríai(s) 8551: 8533: 8524: 8504:pensaríai(s) 8475: 8455:Conditional 8446:Simple past 8435:Subjunctive 8404: 8396:-conjugation 8393: 8392: 8387: 8386: 8368: 8360: 8344: 8335: 8326: 8317: 8292: 8284: 8268: 8259: 8250: 8241: 8216: 8208: 8192: 8183: 8174: 8165: 8145:Conditional 8136:Simple past 8125:Subjunctive 8094: 8086:-conjugation 8083: 8082: 8077: 8076: 8058: 8050: 8041: 8032: 8023: 8014: 8005: 7980: 7972: 7963: 7954: 7945: 7936: 7927: 7902: 7894: 7885: 7876: 7867: 7858: 7849: 7829:Conditional 7820:Simple past 7809:Subjunctive 7766: 7738: 7722: 7706: 7691: 7653: 7598: 7514: 7466: 7431: 7406:and spelled 7401: 7400: 7396: 7388: 7368: 7351:The phoneme 7342:Paisa region 7226: 7225: 7216:and spelled 7194:The phoneme 7161: 7145: 7142: 7127: 7115:phonological 7112: 7057: 7037: 7023:('liquid'), 6982: 6881: 6870: 6859: 6579: 6575: 6571: 6546:The phoneme 6545: 6510: 6497: 6437:assimilation 6422: 6364:The Spanish 6363: 6224:Vulgar Latin 6221: 6192: 6188: 6184: 6180: 6169:null-subject 6150: 6134:prepositions 6130:constituents 6116: 6101: 6081:imperfective 6026: 6018: 5990: 5984: 5978: 5970: 5500:146,171,015 5331:127,288,419 5060:101,562,305 4721:214,100,000 4371:334,914,895 4352:132,274,416 4311: 4299: 4272: 4249: 4210: 4192: 4172: 4162:language in 4146: 4136: 4102: 4075: 4064: 4041: 4011: 3996: 3949:Michel Temer 3926: 3899: 3894: 3884: 3869: 3828:Philadelphia 3824:Indianapolis 3760: 3745: 3738: 3610: 3604: 3598: 3559: 3548: 3536: 3464: 3435:Hispanophone 3404: 3391: 3390:, author of 3373: 3350: 3303: 3292:, author of 3214: 3207: 3191: 3181: 3171: 3155: 3145: 3135: 3125: 3115: 3067: 3058: 3033: 3003: 2985: 2975: 2898: 2874: 2865: 2796: 2786: 2777: 2747: 2711: 2687: 2678: 2621: 2579: 2490: 2480: 2454: 2415: 2399: 2390: 2333: 2302: 2287: 2222: 2163: 2022: 2001: 1979: 1965:, and Latin 1953:(thus Latin 1932: 1910: 1896:morte, morti 1895: 1859: 1846:'dies (v.)' 1838: 1827: 1809: 1777: 1766: 1710: 1689: 1678: 1664: 1656: 1625: 1530:, including 1524:Vulgar Latin 1517: 1503:(some 4,000 1458: 1371: 1351:Proto-Basque 1327:Vulgar Latin 1320: 1285:(Breton) or 1277:Vulgar Latin 1252: 1234:Vulgar Latin 1209: 1160: 1158:('castle'). 1149: 1125: 1091: 1066: 1056: 1028: 977: 930: 915: 888: 882: 842:20 countries 818:Vulgar Latin 799: 789: 788: 760: 718:Linguasphere 701: 345:20 countries 317:Signed forms 299:Latin script 268:Vulgar Latin 231: 222:West Iberian 53: 38: 29:This is the 23: 23623:Campidanese 23449:Old Catalan 23442:Old Occitan 23179:Old Spanish 23113:Rioplatense 22917:Old Leonese 22745:Cotentinais 22709:Guernésiais 22632:Frenchville 22625:New England 22504:Bourbonnais 22456:Piedmontese 22450:Old Lombard 22342:Bergamasque 22266:Sammarinese 21651:Para-Romani 21513:Rioplatense 21453:Zulia State 21316:New Mexican 21304:Californian 21240:Costa Rican 21217:Trinidadian 20990:Definitions 19477:Explanation 19387:and French 19280:Dalby (1998 19268:Penny (2000 19245:Penny (1991 18948:13 December 18689:Penny (2000 18623:|last= 18346:14 November 17830:14 February 17775:14 December 17500:2012 census 17267:"INE, 2019" 16413:www.cia.gov 16021:www.cia.gov 15646:"Languages" 15565:22 February 15537:26 February 15252:23 February 14405:18 December 14185:20 December 13969:29 December 13744:14 November 13417:20 November 13391:14 November 13141:Penny (2000 13002:10 February 12784:24 November 12074:Fundéu BBVA 11933:Sample text 11915:Latin Union 11838:(1973) and 11832:Puerto Rico 11792:Philippines 11768:El Salvador 11604:typewriters 11366:erre fuerte 11090:Rioplatense 11043:New Mexican 10998:Costa Rican 10923:conjugation 10874:Determiners 10823:Orthography 10646:sinistra(m) 10640:, "hand" + 10592:nous autres 10578:The Lusiads 9951:cantiōne(m) 9890:Terça-Feira 9477:computadora 9394:Celtiberian 9376:era in the 9210:albaricoque 9198:mantequilla 8917:El Salvador 8810:West Indies 8730:vos piensas 8518:pensarai(s) 8438:Imperative 8432:Indicative 8405:In Chilean 8128:Imperative 8122:Indicative 7812:Imperative 7806:Indicative 7637:possessives 7628:voy con vos 7623:preposition 7517:distinction 7367:of English 7136:or loss of 7119:grammatical 6888:monophthong 6504:and double 6482:approximant 6177:verb-framed 6163:. It is a " 6061:determiners 6029:typological 6020:Don Quixote 5991:595,000,000 5985:506,650,703 5979:480,000,000 5808:83,614,362 5616:New Zealand 5480:10,513,209 5272:21,599,100 5249:Switzerland 5235:33,769,669 5168:38,092,000 5151:12,853,259 5134:10,008,749 5110:10,918,405 5056:Philippines 5038:21,507,717 5021:21,359,000 5017:Ivory Coast 4997:16,665,900 4993:Netherlands 4973:21,355,849 4952:10,352,042 4914:35,601,000 4895:34,605,346 4870:83,190,556 4845:67,081,000 4824:Puerto Rico 4743:60,542,215 4697:El Salvador 4633:67,407,241 4594:10,621,938 4574:12,006,031 4557:11,181,595 4537:17,357,886 4517:18,350,000 4497:19,015,592 4494:20,086,377 4477:34,102,668 4457:31,507,179 4454:32,605,423 4434:47,067,641 4414:48,797,875 4397:52,695,952 4383:58,869,734 4377:43,369,734 4329:Population 4158:Map of the 4139:Philippines 4080:, formerly 4022:South Sudan 3963:is spoken. 3918:ABC Islands 3904:islands of 3776:San Antonio 3768:Los Angeles 3756:Puerto Rico 3693:Puerto Rico 3649:El Salvador 3393:Don Quixote 3363:in 1492 by 3326:interdental 2748:giae, crae, 2455:(calentura) 1487:Reconquista 1363:Celtiberian 1337:during the 1239:hispaniolus 1163:Middle Ages 775:instead of 464:Puerto Rico 392:El Salvador 273:Old Spanish 262:Early forms 23694:Categories 23670:indicates 23628:Logudorese 23161:Philippine 23127:Andalusian 23121:Peninsular 23011:Estremenho 22967:Portuguese 22894:Cantabrian 22727:Law French 22719:Sercquiais 22553:Meridional 22514:Champenois 22509:Burgundian 22320:Tabarchino 22310:Monégasque 22249:Parmigiano 22106:Neapolitan 22079:Manduriano 22046:Florentine 21913:Wallachian 21883:Bukovinian 21696:Papiamento 21666:Palenquero 21557:Andalusian 21548:Peninsular 21531:Venezuelan 21474:Paraguayan 21419:Equatorial 21413:Ecuadorian 21267:Salvadoran 21255:Nicaraguan 21245:Guatemalan 21207:Panamanian 21161:Philippine 21058:Phrasebook 21024:Quotations 20954:ProfeDeEle 20885:3 December 20849:28 October 20769:28 October 20737:4 December 20600:28 October 20538:28 October 20454:28 October 20213:5 February 20187:5 February 20161:5 February 20135:5 February 20109:5 February 20083:5 February 20057:5 February 20031:5 February 20005:5 February 19979:5 February 19953:6 November 19927:6 November 19901:5 February 19875:6 November 19849:5 February 19823:6 November 19797:6 November 19771:5 February 19745:5 February 19719:6 November 19693:5 February 19667:5 February 19641:6 November 19615:5 February 19589:28 October 19550:6 November 19514:www.rae.es 19432:4 February 19393:formaticus 19309:Ethnologue 19230:7 February 19200:23 October 19168:23 October 19093:23 October 19056:23 October 19007:23 October 18872:2 November 18808:27 January 18782:6 November 18733:24 January 18574:24 January 18182:3 February 18023:14 January 17997:14 January 17917:. ksh.hu. 17899:14 January 17646:3 February 17620:3 February 17585:3 February 17485:25 October 17309:2 December 17277:2 December 17094:24 October 17068:24 October 17017:24 October 16991:24 October 16829:17 October 16783:17 October 16725:Ethnologue 16705:5 February 16642:13 January 16561:Ethnologue 16545:13 January 16516:Ethnologue 16500:13 January 16449:14 January 16099:Ethnologue 16083:5 February 15950:27 January 15847:Pop. clock 15826:12 October 15796:13 January 15778:"Informes" 15708:"Census", 15629:12 October 15619:ine.gov.ve 15599:24 October 15507:INE (2021) 15469:24 October 15280:30 January 15134:7 February 14946:1 December 14866:18 January 14839:18 January 14607:31 January 14436:19 January 14361:9 December 14346:. Madrid: 14305:9 December 14223:19 January 14157:19 January 14097:7 February 14052:19 January 14017:19 January 13876:5 February 13799:10 January 13678:24 January 13652:23 January 13612:. Leiden: 13436:. London: 13381:Ethnologue 13360:6 November 13298:28 October 13259:28 October 13220:6 November 12945:29 January 12674:23 January 12619:2 December 12609:Ethnologue 12585:2 December 12543:"Castilic" 12515:2 December 12500:(Report). 12341:References 12190:Papiamento 12185:Palenquero 12064:Hispanidad 11788:Costa Rica 11509:: compare 11503:homophones 11372:erre doble 11115:Venezuelan 11100:Salvadoran 11073:Philippine 11063:Peninsular 11058:Panamanian 11048:Nicaraguan 11023:Guatemalan 11013:Ecuadorian 10948:Andalusian 10908:Adjectives 10856:Influences 10572:nós outros 10468:'nothing' 10463:nimic, nul 9955:canticu(m) 9943:'Tuesday' 9830:'brother' 9584:Portuguese 9543:Ethnologue 9523:Portuguese 9473:computador 9410:Portuguese 9398:Visigothic 9374:Al-Andalus 9303:legislator 9265:Vocabulary 9190:Vocabulary 9117:accusative 8929:Costa Rica 8911:, eastern 8816:, most of 8670:durmierais 8656:dormiríais 8567:volverí(s) 8560:volvíai(s) 8491:pensarí(s) 7731:vos volvés 7715:vos pensás 7676:imperative 7672:indicative 7463:Morphology 7355:, spelled 7298:aspiración 7247:distinción 7170:, (2) the 7156:See also: 6873:intonation 6730:Continuant 6462:obstruents 6458:fricatives 6390:allophonic 6332:; Catalan 6142:adjectives 6077:perfective 6075:for past: 6067:forms per 6065:conjugated 5903:2,711,476 5848:2,209,000 5758:Luxembourg 5742:2,972,949 5705:5,455,407 5561:1,317,714 5522:9,957,731 5458:5,165,800 5434:7,262,675 5414:5,244,749 5390:4,581,269 5350:1,545,255 5313:7,112,359 5289:5,484,723 5253:8,570,146 5192:8,205,533 5082:9,555,893 4963:1,089,995 4934:1,505,588 4904:1,775,000 4882:2,576,366 4857:3,110,880 4829:3,285,874 4812:3,392,826 4809:3,543,026 4792:3,777,457 4789:4,278,500 4772:5,176,956 4769:5,262,374 4764:Costa Rica 4755:5,704,863 4749:1,037,248 4730:6,056,018 4705:6,316,847 4702:6,330,947 4685:6,285,677 4682:6,595,674 4662:7,453,695 4648:6,685,901 4642:1,910,258 4617:9,318,690 4614:9,526,440 4295:Micronesia 4200:Government 4177:after the 4148:Ilustrados 4115:See also: 4032:See also: 3976:See also: 3951:after the 3922:Papiamentu 3889:minority, 3764:New Mexico 3717:See also: 3633:Costa Rica 3433:See also: 2651:Portuguese 2189:Portuguese 2158:satisfecho 2146:satisfacer 2037:substratum 1591:Portuguese 1497:Al-Andalus 1465:sociolects 1406:Portuguese 1378:influences 1374:modern era 1367:Gallaecian 1359:Lusitanian 1266:hispanicus 1204:castellano 1129:castellano 1115:castellano 1086:castellano 1036:castellano 990:castellano 922:humanities 894:castellano 866:Hindustani 805:castellano 800:Castilian 372:Costa Rica 92:castellano 23678:varieties 23661:indicate 23618:Sardinian 23575:Triestine 23523:Sursilvan 23434:Mentonasc 23412:Provençal 23361:Auvergnat 23347:Valencian 23303:Mallorcan 23293:Algherese 23268:Occitano- 23215:Navarrese 23203:Aragonese 23139:Castilian 23042:Castilian 23018:Uruguayan 22991:Brazilian 22954:Minderico 22948:/Eonavian 22911:Mirandese 22825:Valdôtain 22811:/Arpitan 22752:Orléanais 22703:Auregnais 22687:Mayennais 22637:Louisiana 22519:Ardennais 22499:Berrichon 22305:Intemelio 22261:Forlivese 22244:Bolognese 22190:Dalmatian 22154:Tarantino 22117:Benevento 22074:Salentino 22034:Sassarese 21998:Gallurese 21981:Romanesco 21934:Dalmatian 21898:Moldavian 21893:Maramureș 21851:Aromanian 21717:Cocoliche 21676:Chavacano 21659:Spanglish 21577:(Galicia) 21567:Castilian 21526:Uruguayan 21447:Maracucho 21380:Colombian 21202:Dominican 21189:Caribbean 21041:Textbooks 20941:FundéuRAE 20869:(2): 62. 20323:8 January 20293:8 January 20283:ohchr.org 19456:, 1st ed. 19385:formaggio 19305:"Spanish" 19247::224–236) 18902:Thesaurus 18723:145000590 18605:19 August 18544:20 August 18518:2 January 18474:20 August 18316:20 August 18064:www.um.es 17951:20 August 17863:"czso.cz" 17529:20 August 17361:20 August 16597:7 January 16128:20 August 15869:5 January 15726:4 October 15043:23 August 14682:therein. 14463:19 August 14295:210443649 14287:2333-9683 14213:2604-3432 14144:144501371 14044:(3): 41. 13866:144373408 13704:6 October 13578:6 October 13510:20 August 13484:20 August 13438:Routledge 13330:24 August 13053:1951-6169 12892:22 August 12853:9 January 12648:5 January 12346:Citations 12205:Spanglish 12160:Frespañol 12155:Chavacano 12069:Hispanism 11820:Argentina 11816:Nicaragua 11784:Guatemala 11772:Venezuela 11645:diaeresis 11533:('tea'), 11459:, etc.). 11395:collation 11234:Hispanism 11191:Spanglish 11110:Uruguayan 11008:Dominican 10993:Colombian 10978:Caribbean 10958:Argentine 10701:who were 10584:nosoutros 10557:'cheese' 10442:rien, nul 10260:esquierda 10256:(or 9844:Classical 9694:nosaltres 9652:nosoutros 9594:Aragonese 9529:family. 9519:Mirandese 9503:Aragonese 9469:ordenador 9426:Sardinian 9406:Mozarabic 8978:Andalusia 8949:Risaralda 8941:Antioquia 8921:Guatemala 8909:Nicaragua 8905:Argentina 8886:, in the 8826:Venezuela 8785:Although 8760:tú pensái 8754:tú pensás 8677:durmieses 8649:dormiráis 8601:volvieses 8587:volvái(s) 8573:volveráis 8497:pensaráis 8484:pensabais 8468:pensái(s) 8369:durmieses 8361:durmieras 8345:dormirías 8293:volvieses 8285:volvieras 8269:volverías 8193:pensarías 8059:durmieses 8051:durmieras 8033:dormirías 7981:volvieses 7973:volvieras 7955:volverías 7877:pensarías 7618:vos decís 7467:The main 7334:Andalusia 7330:retroflex 7198:(spelled 7152:Phonology 7134:reduction 6895:diphthong 6576:voiceless 6552:loanwords 6455:voiceless 6448:affricate 6441:voiceless 6236:Aragonese 6199:Phonology 6181:direction 6127:modifying 6045:adjective 5738:Lithuania 5721:Gibraltar 5034:Australia 4677:Nicaragua 4532:Guatemala 4449:Venezuela 4429:Argentina 4256:Polynesia 4225:New Spain 4213:Chavacano 4164:Zamboanga 4160:Chabacano 4117:Chavacano 3959:known as 3941:President 3844:Nashville 3832:Cleveland 3808:Las Vegas 3701:Venezuela 3665:Nicaragua 3653:Guatemala 3617:Argentina 3551:Gibraltar 3361:Salamanca 3332:(and for 2663:Sardinian 2642:Aragonese 2508:calentura 2201:Sardinian 2180:Aragonese 1994:fortified 1939:geminates 1603:Sardinian 1582:Aragonese 1386:Mozarabic 1291:(Saxon). 1229:espaignol 1145:Castiella 1126:The term 1122:Etymology 1020:Aragonese 986:but also 889:Castilian 703:Glottolog 671:ISO 639-3 653:ISO 639-2 635:ISO 639-1 508:Gibraltar 447:Venezuela 417:Nicaragua 402:Guatemala 352:Argentina 227:Castilian 75:Castilian 23554:Venetian 23528:Vallader 23518:Surmiran 23491:Cadorino 23474:Friulian 23407:Limousin 23376:Béarnese 23338:Western 23320:Northern 23308:Menorcan 23298:Balearic 23289:Eastern 23285:dialects 23144:Castrapo 23101:Peruvian 23072:dialects 23005:European 22973:dialects 22960:Portugis 22941:Galician 22882:Asturian 22820:Savoyard 22772:Poitevin 22740:Cauchois 22714:Jèrriais 22561:Canadian 22440:Varesino 22435:Ticinese 22423:Novarese 22418:Cremunés 22408:Ossolano 22403:Milanese 22391:Lecchese 22359:Brianzöö 22290:Ligurian 22256:Romagnol 22137:Arianese 22132:Irpinian 22127:Cilentan 22091:Pantesco 22086:Sicilian 22057:Southern 21993:Corsican 21969:Macerata 21964:Fabriano 21903:Oltenian 21873:dialects 21833:Southern 21737:Malespín 21723:Lunfardo 21680:(creole) 21670:(creole) 21613:Standard 21573:Castrapo 21562:Canarian 21499:Ribereño 21493:Peruvian 21386:Cordobés 21356:Bolivian 21346:Amazonic 21250:Honduran 21235:Belizean 21175:Americas 21151:Canarian 20879:Archived 20875:41678471 20843:archived 20817:11 March 20763:Archived 20731:archived 20659:archived 20611:Hispania 20594:Archived 20549:Language 20532:Archived 20472:Language 20448:Archived 20373:Archived 20317:Archived 20287:Archived 20262:Archived 20243:22 March 20237:Archived 20207:Archived 20181:Archived 20155:Archived 20077:Archived 19947:Archived 19945:. Cuba. 19869:Archived 19583:Archived 19518:Archived 19491:Archived 19480:Archived 19469:Archived 19450:Archived 19426:Archived 19400:Archived 19377:manteiga 19365:brandeum 19343:Archived 19319:19 April 19313:Archived 19224:Archived 19194:Archived 19162:Archived 19130:Archived 19084:Archived 19050:Archived 19001:Archived 18942:Archived 18894:Archived 18866:Archived 18802:Archived 18776:Archived 18752:Archived 18727:Archived 18647:Archived 18615:cite web 18599:Archived 18568:Archived 18538:Archived 18364:Archived 18340:Archived 18290:24 March 18281:Archived 18252:Archived 18234:24 March 18228:Archived 18173:Archived 18145:Archived 18126:21 April 18117:Archived 18094:24 March 18084:"(2013)" 18067:Archived 18049:24 March 18017:Archived 17991:Archived 17970:Archived 17925:24 March 17919:Archived 17915:"(2012)" 17893:Archived 17873:24 March 17847:Archived 17821:archived 17810:"Cifras" 17793:Archived 17766:Archived 17738:Archived 17711:Archived 17687:Archived 17640:Archived 17611:Archived 17579:Archived 17559:20 April 17553:Archived 17523:Archived 17503:Archived 17479:Archived 17458:Archived 17435:archived 17413:24 March 17407:Archived 17387:20 April 17355:Archived 17335:24 March 17329:Archived 17300:Archived 17271:Archived 17250:Archived 17231:21 April 17225:Archived 17205:19 April 17196:Archived 17169:Archived 17088:Archived 17059:Archived 17052:"tln.ca" 17035:Archived 17011:Archived 16985:Archived 16966:7 August 16960:archived 16938:Archived 16920:archived 16889:Archived 16868:Archived 16823:archived 16777:archived 16753:Archived 16729:Archived 16668:24 March 16662:Archived 16633:Archived 16606:citation 16591:archived 16564:Archived 16539:Archived 16519:Archived 16491:Archived 16467:Archived 16443:Archived 16423:18 March 16417:Archived 16393:18 March 16384:Archived 16363:Archived 16299:Archived 16251:Archived 16151:Archived 16122:Archived 16102:Archived 16031:13 March 16025:Archived 16001:21 April 15944:archived 15919:Archived 15895:24 March 15889:Archived 15885:"(2019)" 15863:archived 15861:: INEC, 15820:archived 15790:Archived 15753:archived 15720:archived 15680:"Cifras" 15654:archived 15623:Archived 15593:Archived 15510:Archived 15489:Archived 15463:Archived 15445:Archived 15425:24 March 15419:Archived 15400:Archived 15380:24 March 15374:Archived 15354:archived 15333:archived 15305:archived 15243:archived 15198:12 April 15189:archived 15187:, 2012, 15128:Archived 15092:Archived 15034:Archived 15010:15 March 15004:Archived 14937:archived 14901:Archived 14860:Archived 14833:Archived 14772:Archived 14748:8 August 14742:Archived 14715:Archived 14667:24 March 14661:Archived 14601:Archived 14571:Archived 14547:15 March 14541:Archived 14521:15 March 14515:Archived 14486:Archived 14457:Archived 14430:Archived 14399:Archived 14352:Archived 14299:Archived 14241:(1994). 14217:Archived 14179:archived 14148:Archived 14115:(2004). 14088:Archived 14046:Archived 14011:Archived 13987:(2014). 13960:Archived 13926:Archived 13902:31 March 13896:Archived 13870:Archived 13738:Archived 13698:Archived 13672:Archived 13646:Archived 13572:Archived 13547:Archived 13528:Archived 13504:Archived 13478:Archived 13411:Archived 13385:Archived 13354:Archived 13292:Archived 13253:Archived 13214:Archived 13158:Archived 13087:Archived 13057:Archived 13035:E-Spania 12996:Archived 12970:Archived 12939:Archived 12910:Archived 12886:Archived 12847:Archived 12778:archived 12749:Archived 12744:Statista 12717:Archived 12668:Archived 12613:Archived 12579:Archived 12553:Archived 12506:Archived 12249:Castrapo 12200:Portuñol 12150:Chamorro 11970:See also 11842:(2016). 11834:(1955), 11830:(1949), 11828:Honduras 11826:(1943), 11822:(1931), 11818:(1928), 11814:(1927), 11810:(1927), 11806:(1927), 11804:Paraguay 11802:(1926), 11798:(1926), 11794:(1924), 11790:(1923), 11786:(1887), 11782:(1887), 11778:(1885), 11774:(1883), 11770:(1876), 11766:(1875), 11762:(1874), 11758:(1871), 11756:Colombia 11754:(1713), 11476:syllable 11322:digraphs 11292:⟩ 11288:⟨ 11225:Teaching 11196:Castrapo 11186:Portuñol 11105:Standard 11068:Peruvian 11053:Paraguay 11028:Honduran 10973:Canarian 10968:Bolivian 10963:Belizean 10939:Dialects 10896:personal 10891:Pronouns 10803:Overview 10719:Sephardi 10633:9. From 10604:noialtri 10569:3. Also 10530:formatge 10334:rēs, rĕm 10270:manzorga 9818:fratello 9685:nusatros 9676:nosotros 9639:nosotros 9614:Romanian 9579:Galician 9575:Spanish 9557:Romanian 9507:Galician 9499:Asturian 9414:Galician 9362:politics 9299:legislar 9295:ataraxia 9204:aguacate 9103:indirect 9018:familiar 8993:vosotros 8933:Paraguay 8925:Honduras 8903:include 8884:Colombia 8818:Colombia 8643:dormirís 8636:dormíais 8628:dormiste 8552:volviste 8544:volví(s) 8525:pensases 8511:pensí(s) 8476:pensaste 8458:Present 8443:Present 8423:-forms. 8336:dormirás 8318:dormiste 8260:volverás 8242:volviste 8217:pensases 8209:pensaras 8184:pensarás 8175:pensabas 8166:pensaste 8148:Present 8133:Present 8024:dormirás 8006:dormiste 7946:volverás 7928:volviste 7903:pensases 7895:pensaras 7868:pensarás 7859:pensabas 7850:pensaste 7832:Present 7817:Present 7775:vosotros 7747:vosotros 7687:vosotros 7532:pronouns 7528:singular 7521:register 7399:) as in 7377:Paraguay 7309:or as a 6871:Spanish 6608:Alveolar 6446:and the 6366:phonemic 6305:auricula 6165:pro-drop 6117:Spanish 6093:unmarked 6057:pronouns 6051:and two 5790:513,000 5762:524,853 5701:Slovakia 5637:Slovenia 5542:101,484 5467:129,168 5445:130,750 5439:130,750 5430:Bulgaria 5421:133,200 5401:140,880 5380:150,678 5371:223,652 5337:108,000 5334:108,000 5321:175,000 5318:130,000 5300:182,450 5268:Cameroon 5259:197,113 5243:223,000 5240:175,000 5216:430,191 5203:280,393 5179:324,137 5173:324,137 5121:446,977 5097:467,474 5069:500,092 5047:547,397 5044:117,498 5041:117,498 5008:668,599 5002:133,719 4984:912,337 4978:182,467 4957:323,237 4948:Portugal 4876:644,091 4873:375,207 4851:518,480 4848:120,000 4746:255,459 4727:460,018 4724:460,018 4657:Paraguay 4636:477,564 4609:Honduras 4392:Colombia 4326:Country 4264:Rapa Nui 4184:Filipino 4050:and the 4018:Cold War 3961:Portuñol 3929:Mercosur 3780:New York 3748:Hispanic 3673:Paraguay 3657:Honduras 3629:Colombia 3606:de facto 3584:Americas 3409:and the 3378:and the 3242:beaucoup 3108:'eight' 2859:'flame' 2672:English 2669:Romanian 2648:Galician 2645:Asturian 2527:'fever' 2439:'to do' 2210:English 2207:Romanian 2186:Galician 2183:Asturian 2082:Hernando 2076:Fernando 2071:doublets 2033:Calabria 1918:'death' 1697:'stone' 1612:English 1609:Romanian 1588:Galician 1585:Asturian 1532:lenition 1463:, local 1442:Visigoth 1426:borrowed 1410:Galician 1260:hispanus 1244:Hispania 1207:(noun). 1155:castillo 1139:Castilla 1012:Asturian 1004:Galician 1002:such as 834:Americas 781:Help:IPA 724:51-AAA-b 710:stan1288 572:Mercosur 427:Paraguay 407:Honduras 367:Colombia 150:Speakers 35:reviewed 23659:Italics 23560:Chipilo 23503:Romansh 23466:Romance 23464:Rhaeto- 23429:Gardiol 23381:Landese 23371:Aranese 23356:Occitan 23315:Central 23279:Catalan 23270:Romance 23171:Creoles 23166:Saharan 23154:Murcian 23132:Llanito 23089:Chilean 23066:Spanish 23023:Creoles 22997:Mineiro 22979:African 22904:Riberan 22899:Leonese 22864:Iberian 22857:Romance 22784:Walloon 22757:Paydret 22735:Augeron 22675:Vosgien 22670:Gaumais 22665:Lorrain 22657:Creoles 22620:Muskrat 22566:Acadian 22494:Angevin 22484:Langues 22475:Romance 22381:Comasco 22354:Western 22347:Cremish 22337:Eastern 22332:Lombard 22300:Genoese 22295:Brigasc 22239:Emilian 22217:Western 22196:Istriot 22159:Vastese 22144:Molisan 22006:Italian 21942:Central 21888:Crișana 21843:Eastern 21826:Western 21811:Eastern 21709:Extinct 21630:Haketia 21619:Llanito 21592:Murcian 21480:Pastuso 21433:Llanero 21367:Chilote 21361:Chilean 21328:Mexican 21296:Chicano 21261:Pachuco 21166:Saharan 21136:Spanish 20665:17 June 20505:7 April 20379:22 June 20335:Sources 19524:1 April 19389:fromage 19381:mantica 19373:manteca 19369:brandea 19349:24 June 19136:17 June 19082:: 705. 18208:14 June 17032:cia.gov 16955:Statcan 16735:1 March 16057:13 July 15942:, CIA, 15816:Country 15749:Country 15069:1 March 14985:6 April 14721:1 March 14697:Spanish 14684:Spanish 14641:26 July 14273:: 369. 14130:: 117. 13922:O Globo 13190:18 July 13164:24 July 13093:13 July 12976:13 July 12814:3 March 12723:3 March 12559:19 June 12175:Llanito 11919:Caricom 11824:Uruguay 11812:Bolivia 11760:Ecuador 11661:cigueña 11655:cigüeña 11494:on the 11316:with a 11201:Creoles 11171:Llanito 11095:Saharan 11038:Murcian 11033:Mexican 10988:Chilean 10865:Grammar 10837:History 10757:Morocco 10753:Haketia 10735:Turkish 10581:), and 10538:fromage 10353:mīca(m) 10191:'more' 10151:(arch. 10088:(arch. 10058:'song' 10046:canzone 10039:chanson 10003:canción 9983:canción 9969:(arch. 9964:canción 9931:Martedì 9916:Dimarts 9842: ( 9798:(arch. 9784:chirmán 9775:hermanu 9750:hermano 9699:(arch. 9619:English 9609:Italian 9599:Catalan 9538:written 9536:of the 9515:Leonese 9434:Nahuatl 9430:Quechua 9422:Occitan 9418:Catalan 9390:Iberian 9358:science 9341:). The 9254:damasco 9248:manteca 9242:manteca 9236:damasco 9216:manteca 9142:", or " 9113:animacy 9105:objects 9092:animacy 9088:objects 9036:ustedeo 8999:ustedes 8987:ustedes 8969:Ustedes 8963:Ustedes 8953:Quindio 8937:Uruguay 8913:Bolivia 8892:Chiapas 8848:Bolivia 8830:Ecuador 8663:durmáis 8452:Future 8327:dormías 8251:volvías 8142:Future 8042:duermas 8015:dormías 7964:vuelvas 7937:volvías 7886:pienses 7826:Future 7778:) > 7750:) > 7613:subject 7611:is the 7523:in the 7455:sheísmo 7441:zheísmo 7432:measure 7369:million 7271:before 7204:before 7123:lexical 7032:liquidó 7026:liquido 7020:líquido 6963:corazón 6951:almacén 6945:capitán 6856:Prosody 6775:Lateral 6613:Palatal 6494:trilled 6492:" and " 6486:plosive 6429:lateral 6293:-iculus 6232:Leonese 6167:", or " 6089:verboid 6073:aspects 6053:numbers 6049:genders 6000:Grammar 5993:(7.5%) 5987:(6.5%) 5918:Namibia 5899:Jamaica 5880:Estonia 5855:13,943 5838:16,788 5835:16,788 5832:16,788 5817:20,346 5798:22,000 5777:24,294 5749:28,297 5725:29,441 5712:45,500 5695:47,271 5692:30,414 5689:30,414 5686:84,484 5682:Andorra 5673:50,264 5651:52,791 5645:35,194 5628:58,373 5625:22,000 5622:22,000 5607:59,499 5588:60,582 5570:70,401 5551:83,064 5548:75,402 5545:13,710 5529:83,206 5518:Hungary 5509:87,313 5487:90,124 5464:13,000 5461:13,000 5410:Finland 5395:35,220 5386:Ireland 5377:10,006 5374:10,006 5367:Curaçao 5363:Bonaire 5294:45,613 5285:Denmark 5231:Algeria 5197:70,098 5188:Austria 5147:Senegal 5115:89,395 5106:Belgium 5091:77,912 5085:77,912 4969:Romania 4910:Morocco 4866:Germany 4804:Uruguay 4569:Bolivia 4512:Ecuador 4231:Oceania 4188:Tagalog 4166:in the 4098:Algeria 4071:Morocco 4048:Melilla 4020:and in 3945:schools 3914:Curaçao 3910:Bonaire 3856:Raleigh 3848:Orlando 3840:Atlanta 3820:Houston 3804:Chicago 3798:of the 3796:Phoenix 3697:Uruguay 3685:Quechua 3677:Guaraní 3645:Ecuador 3621:Bolivia 3612:de jure 3574:Germany 3555:Andorra 3376:America 3344:). See 3336:before 2666:Italian 2654:Catalan 2636:Spanish 2615:'fire' 2204:Italian 2192:Catalan 2174:Spanish 2141:cognate 2094:herrero 2088:ferrero 1968:anellum 1759:moritur 1753:'land' 1606:Italian 1594:Catalan 1576:Spanish 1546:). The 1477:Leonese 1422:Italian 1414:Occitan 1398:Leonese 1355:Iberian 1333:by the 1295:History 1224:Occitan 1219:español 1213:español 1168:Romance 1161:In the 1150:Castile 1134:Castile 1109:español 1103:español 1080:español 1024:Occitan 982:español 862:English 812:of the 808:) is a 795:español 790:Spanish 777:Unicode 498:Andorra 442:Uruguay 387:Ecuador 357:Bolivia 232:Spanish 212:Iberian 193:Romance 85:español 70:Spanish 23590:Others 23570:Talian 23565:Fiuman 23539:Others 23479:Fornes 23417:Niçard 23366:Gascon 23334:Patuet 23240:Others 23149:Castúo 22855:Ibero- 22815:Faetar 22762:Picard 22692:Norman 22680:Welche 22603:Magoua 22593:Quebec 22583:Brayon 22542:French 22524:Rémois 22473:Gallo- 22428:Pavese 22386:Laghée 22364:Canzés 22315:Royasc 22177:Others 22112:Barese 22040:Tuscan 21986:Sabino 21959:Ancona 21932:Italo- 21583:Castúo 21544:Europe 21400:Cuyano 21351:Andean 21310:Isleño 20906: 20873: 20835: 20790: 20755: 20723: 20651: 20631:343562 20629: 20586: 20569:411438 20567: 20524: 20492:417394 20490: 20440: 20419: 20400: 20354: 19575: 19339:EZGlot 19186: 19154: 19122: 19042: 18993: 18970: 18934: 18721: 18374:(2017) 17455:gob.mx 17441:8 June 17139:] 15660:30 May 15635:(2020) 15297:"MX", 15101:25 May 14891:] 14577:6 June 14495:20 May 14293: 14285: 14211: 14142: 13864: 13730: 13620: 13444: 13284: 13245: 13063:7 July 13051: 13037:(15). 12878: 12839: 12755:17 May 12709: 12332: 12255:Castúo 12165:Jopara 12002:Cuento 11925:, the 11921:, the 11917:, the 11913:, the 11909:, the 11905:, the 11901:, the 11897:, the 11893:, the 11889:, the 11885:, the 11796:Panama 11764:Mexico 11641:hard g 11507:clitic 11486:or an 11466:México 11337:) and 11176:Jopara 11153:Loísmo 11148:Leísmo 11138:Yeísmo 11078:status 10953:Andean 10901:object 10884:gender 10851:Middle 10816:stress 10746:Israel 10731:Hebrew 10715:German 10660:brânză 10656:cāsevs 10635:Basque 10597:French 10504:queijo 10496:queixo 10415:un res 10411:(also 10377:(also 10132:(also 10053:cântec 10012:canciu 10008:(also 9995:canção 9987:cançom 9973:cançón 9907:Martes 9898:Martes 9878:Martes 9869:martes 9604:French 9553:French 9511:Ladino 9465:France 9436:, and 9424:, and 9402:French 9386:Basque 9382:Arabic 9366:nature 9259:QWB-SA 9233:, and 9146:laísmo 9138:loísmo 9130:leísmo 9121:dative 9109:gender 9086:direct 8945:Caldas 8814:Panama 8808:, the 8806:Mexico 8686:duerme 8620:dormís 8610:vuelve 8534:piensa 8353:durmás 8310:dormís 8277:volvás 8234:volvés 8201:pensés 8158:pensás 8101:, the 7998:dormís 7920:volvés 7842:pensás 7781:volvé! 7753:pensá! 7692:plural 7633:object 7615:form ( 7590:, and 7481:person 7473:person 7422:yeísmo 7121:, and 7076:Mexico 7066:, and 7014:limité 7008:limite 7002:límite 6996:sabana 6990:sábana 6971:clitic 6957:jardín 6927:virgen 6862:rhythm 6603:Dental 6598:Labial 6580:voiced 6566:, and 6523:yeísmo 6490:tapped 6341:orella 6329:orelha 6302:(e.g. 6299:-icula 6287:filius 6266:, and 6251:farina 6245:harina 6144:after 6119:syntax 6039:. The 5962:3,354 5930:3,866 5927:3,866 5912:8,000 5909:8,000 5906:8,000 5890:9,457 5864:Cyprus 5844:Latvia 5814:1,000 5811:1,000 5804:Turkey 5771:8,098 5765:4,049 5670:1,000 5667:1,000 5604:5,000 5601:5,000 5585:1,201 5582:1,201 5567:4,000 5564:4,000 5506:3,000 5503:3,000 5496:Russia 5454:Norway 5309:Israel 5212:Belize 5164:Poland 5078:Sweden 5066:4,803 5063:4,803 4920:6,586 4917:6,586 4891:Canada 4784:Panama 4717:Brazil 4629:France 4347:Mexico 4123:, and 4014:Angola 3988:Malabo 3967:Africa 3933:Brazil 3876:Belize 3816:Denver 3812:Boston 3792:Tucson 3788:Dallas 3725:, and 3699:, and 3689:Aymara 3669:Panama 3661:Mexico 3572:, and 3566:France 3530: 3524: 3518: 3512: 3506: 3489:Europe 3458: 3452: 3446: 3278:many' 3274:'much, 2995:güeito 2847:fiamma 2840:framma 2833:flamme 2771:'key' 2759:chiave 2660:French 2639:Ladino 2515:febbre 2501:fièvre 2451:fiebre 2445:febrem 2434:a face 2327:facere 2321:'son' 2309:figlio 2216:filium 2198:French 2177:Ladino 2106:hierro 2100:fierro 2025:Gascon 1974:anillo 1852:mortem 1600:French 1579:Ladino 1513:Madrid 1509:Toledo 1505:Arabic 1493:Arabic 1473:Toledo 1469:Burgos 1434:Basque 1430:Arabic 1418:French 1335:Romans 1282:bretón 1008:Basque 918:French 903:Toledo 878:Mexico 852:after 826:Europe 751: 745: 739: 503:Belize 422:Panama 412:Mexico 178:Italic 23513:Putèr 23508:Jauer 23496:Nones 23486:Ladin 22985:Asian 22642:Houma 22615:Métis 22598:Joual 22571:Chiac 22536:Gallo 22486:d'oïl 21878:Banat 21750:Bozal 21606:Other 21461:Paisa 21197:Cuban 21007:Media 20871:JSTOR 20811:(XLS) 20627:JSTOR 20565:JSTOR 20499:(PDF) 20488:JSTOR 20468:(PDF) 19391:from 19282::501) 19087:(PDF) 19076:(PDF) 18719:S2CID 18676:(PDF) 18669:(PDF) 18512:(PDF) 18505:(PDF) 18422::152) 18410::255) 18284:(PDF) 18277:(PDF) 18176:(PDF) 18165:(PDF) 18120:(PDF) 18113:(PDF) 17824:(PDF) 17813:(PDF) 17769:(PDF) 17762:(PDF) 17714:(PDF) 17707:(PDF) 17614:(PDF) 17607:(PDF) 17303:(PDF) 17296:(PDF) 17199:(PDF) 17188:(PDF) 17152:(PDF) 17141:(PDF) 17135:[ 17062:(PDF) 17055:(PDF) 16851:(PDF) 16636:(PDF) 16629:(PDF) 16585:[ 16494:(PDF) 16487:(PDF) 16387:(PDF) 15922:(PDF) 15695:(PDF) 15684:(PDF) 15349:Table 15311:1 May 15246:(PDF) 15239:(PDF) 15192:(PDF) 15185:(PDF) 15095:(PDF) 15088:(PDF) 15037:(PDF) 15030:(PDF) 14962::279) 14940:(PDF) 14933:(PDF) 14910:8 May 14904:(PDF) 14893:(PDF) 14887:[ 14808:8 May 14778:8 May 14489:(PDF) 14482:(PDF) 14355:(PDF) 14344:(PDF) 14291:S2CID 14151:(PDF) 14140:S2CID 14120:(PDF) 14091:(PDF) 14084:(PDF) 13963:(PDF) 13952:(PDF) 13862:S2CID 13785:"FAQ" 13763:(PDF) 13614:Brill 13324:(PDF) 13317:(PDF) 12509:(PDF) 12498:(PDF) 11776:Chile 11752:Spain 11747:ASALE 11744:, or 11615:When 11599:aquél 11581:quién 11575:dónde 11470:(see 11335:/t͡ʃ/ 11318:tilde 11143:Voseo 11133:Seseo 11003:Cuban 10918:Verbs 10879:Nouns 10828:Names 10623:-ción 10521:queso 10512:quesu 10487:queso 10266:also 10066:magis 10031:cançó 10022:canta 9938:Marți 9924:Mardi 9825:frate 9811:frère 9802:frare 9793:germà 9767:irmão 9759:irmán 9731:'we' 9571:Latin 9461:Spain 9453:ratón 9449:mouse 9337:> 9331:*Deus 9329:> 9321:> 9230:palta 9162:, or 9052:Usted 9046:usted 9012:Usted 9006:Usted 8984:with 8900:voseo 8880:Zulia 8876:Chile 8871:voseo 8865:Tuteo 8857:voseo 8852:Zulia 8843:voseo 8837:Tuteo 8795:tuteo 8771:voseo 8766:voseo 8736:voseo 8461:Past 8408:voseo 8377:dormí 8301:volvé 8225:pensá 8151:Past 8098:voseo 8067:dormí 7989:volvé 7911:pensá 7835:Past 7765:volve 7737:pensa 7728:> 7712:> 7698:, or 7696:glide 7668:tense 7657:voseo 7602:voseo 7581:usted 7574:voseo 7537:usted 7504:voseo 7493:Voseo 7487:Voseo 7326:grave 7263:ceceo 7255:seseo 7146:koine 7064:Spain 6933:mitin 6921:joven 6864:as a 6831:Trill 6625:Nasal 6618:Velar 6539:seseo 6535:(see 6444:stops 6425:nasal 6360::227) 6323:filho 6317:oreja 6161:focus 6146:nouns 6085:moods 5981:(6%) 5971:Total 5952:Malta 5936:Egypt 5660:India 5594:China 5538:Aruba 5346:Gabon 5327:Japan 5130:Benin 4739:Italy 4489:Chile 4409:Spain 4287:Palau 4266:, an 4260:Chile 4044:Ceuta 3906:Aruba 3852:Tampa 3772:Miami 3625:Chile 3570:Italy 3539:Spain 3318:velar 3276:very, 3262:molto 3248:moult 3215:muito 3200:moito 3164:muito 2956:pieno 2949:prenu 2942:plein 2921:pleno 2915:cheio 2884:pleno 2854:flamă 2826:flama 2819:flama 2813:chama 2806:chama 2766:cheie 2728:chave 2721:chave 2697:clave 2633:Latin 2622:Some 2603:fuoco 2539:fuego 2533:focum 2522:febră 2493:erèbe 2474:frèbe 2468:fèbre 2461:febre 2419:fàiri 2410:faire 2384:faire 2364:fazer 2357:facer 2343:fazer 2267:filho 2260:fillo 2246:fillo 2171:Latin 2152:hecho 2136:hacer 2130:hondo 2124:fondo 2118:hondo 2112:fondo 2045:into 1956:annum 1902:morte 1869:morte 1819:mòrit 1801:morís 1787:morre 1741:terra 1734:terre 1727:tèrra 1720:terra 1703:terra 1670:perda 1665:pedra 1648:pèira 1642:pedra 1635:pedra 1618:petra 1573:Latin 1446:Latin 1288:sajón 1275:from 1226:word 870:Hindi 838:Spain 798:) or 562:ALADI 552:CELAC 437:Spain 362:Chile 208:Gallo 188:Latin 23668:Bold 23253:Caló 22936:Fala 22862:West 21720:and 21645:Caló 21291:Caló 21092:Data 20904:ISBN 20887:2023 20851:2020 20833:ISBN 20819:2012 20788:ISBN 20771:2020 20753:ISBN 20739:2023 20721:ISBN 20703:link 20667:2015 20649:ISBN 20602:2020 20584:ISBN 20540:2020 20522:ISBN 20507:2010 20456:2020 20438:ISBN 20417:ISBN 20398:ISBN 20381:2002 20352:ISBN 20325:2022 20295:2022 20245:2022 20215:2016 20189:2011 20163:2011 20137:2011 20111:2011 20085:2011 20059:2011 20033:2011 20007:2011 19981:2011 19955:2010 19929:2010 19903:2011 19877:2010 19851:2011 19825:2010 19799:2010 19773:2011 19747:2011 19721:2010 19695:2011 19669:2011 19643:2010 19617:2011 19591:2020 19573:ISBN 19552:2010 19526:2020 19434:2010 19351:2017 19321:2005 19294::90) 19270::14) 19232:2017 19202:2016 19184:ISBN 19170:2016 19152:ISBN 19138:2015 19120:ISBN 19095:2016 19058:2016 19040:ISBN 19029:—OR— 19009:2016 18991:ISBN 18968:ISBN 18950:2023 18932:ISBN 18874:2020 18810:2022 18784:2023 18735:2022 18627:help 18607:2019 18576:2021 18546:2012 18520:2013 18491::96) 18476:2012 18434::98) 18398::39) 18348:2023 18318:2012 18292:2014 18236:2014 18210:2013 18184:2022 18128:2010 18096:2014 18051:2014 18025:2022 17999:2022 17953:2012 17927:2014 17901:2022 17875:2014 17832:2016 17777:2020 17744:en: 17722:2009 17648:2022 17622:2022 17587:2022 17561:2016 17531:2012 17487:2023 17443:2013 17415:2014 17389:2016 17363:2012 17337:2014 17311:2023 17279:2023 17233:2010 17207:2015 17096:2023 17070:2023 17019:2023 16993:2023 16968:2012 16831:2011 16785:2011 16737:2015 16707:2011 16670:2014 16644:2022 16612:link 16599:2016 16547:2022 16502:2022 16451:2022 16425:2020 16395:2020 16130:2012 16085:2011 16059:2021 16033:2020 16003:2010 15973:ONEI 15952:2021 15936:"GT" 15897:2014 15871:2016 15828:2011 15812:"CL" 15798:2022 15761:2011 15745:"PE" 15728:2011 15662:2013 15631:2014 15601:2023 15567:2015 15539:2014 15471:2023 15427:2014 15382:2014 15313:2011 15282:2018 15254:2010 15200:2013 15136:2018 15103:2022 15071:2015 15045:2012 15012:2015 14987:2008 14948:2009 14912:2023 14868:2022 14841:2022 14810:2023 14780:2023 14750:2013 14723:2015 14669:2014 14643:2010 14609:2021 14579:2024 14549:2015 14523:2015 14497:2015 14465:2018 14438:2022 14407:2023 14363:2023 14307:2023 14283:ISSN 14225:2022 14209:ISSN 14187:2011 14159:2022 14099:2010 14070::41) 14054:2022 14019:2022 13971:2008 13934:2016 13904:2014 13878:2022 13801:2012 13771:2024 13746:2023 13728:ISBN 13706:2007 13680:2022 13654:2021 13618:ISBN 13580:2007 13512:2012 13486:2007 13442:ISBN 13419:2007 13393:2020 13362:2023 13332:2008 13300:2020 13282:ISBN 13261:2020 13243:ISBN 13222:2010 13192:2009 13166:2008 13143::16) 13125:2016 13095:2021 13065:2022 13049:ISSN 13004:2024 12978:2021 12947:2019 12894:2017 12876:ISBN 12855:2023 12837:ISBN 12816:2022 12786:2010 12757:2022 12725:2022 12707:ISBN 12676:2024 12650:2024 12621:2023 12587:2023 12561:2022 12517:2023 12145:Caló 11856:The 11800:Cuba 11780:Peru 11677:and 11593:éste 11569:cuál 11447:and 11405:and 11389:and 11378:erre 11344:elle 10742:olim 10681:The 10642:erdi 10638:esku 10455:mica 10425:cosa 10406:nada 10385:and 10372:nada 10363:nada 10172:plus 10163:plus 10110:mais 10102:máis 10092:plus 10074:plūs 9712:nous 9521:and 9339:*Dío 9335:Deus 9327:Deus 9323:Dios 9319:Deus 9315:Deus 9311:Dios 9251:and 9221:lard 9207:and 9134:", " 9119:and 9100:for 9083:for 9077:and 8990:and 8955:and 8822:Peru 8698:bold 8388:bold 8107:and 8078:bold 7674:and 7404:acht 7379:and 7359:, a 6807:Flap 6663:Stop 6572:pair 6484:and 6451:/tʃ/ 6414:/we/ 6412:and 6410:/je/ 6404:and 6396:and 6335:fill 6311:hijo 6281:-li- 6234:and 6185:mode 6159:and 6138:case 6110:and 6083:; 4 6069:verb 6059:and 6043:and 6041:noun 5924:666 5793:N/A 5576:Guam 5365:and 4552:Cuba 4472:Peru 4319:grey 4293:and 4279:Guam 4111:Asia 4046:and 4036:and 3912:and 3858:and 3794:and 3681:Peru 3637:Cuba 3615:—of 3553:and 3382:via 3351:The 3269:mult 3255:meda 3236:très 3228:molt 3221:molt 3096:otto 3082:huit 3075:uèit 3050:huit 3044:vuit 3026:oito 3019:oito 3012:oito 2963:plin 2935:plen 2908:cheo 2891:plen 2868:ēnum 2780:amma 2752:crai 2735:clau 2704:clau 2681:āvem 2596:fogu 2567:fuòc 2553:fogo 2546:fueu 2483:rèbe 2427:fare 2396:(or 2336:acer 2297:fils 2281:filh 2274:fill 2238:hijo 2235:(or 2232:fijo 2115:and 2103:and 2091:and 2079:and 2014:and 1947:and 1890:mort 1883:mòrt 1876:mort 1748:țară 1556:and 1543:vida 1537:vīta 1452:and 1432:and 1420:and 1365:and 1272:-one 1112:and 1092:The 1067:The 1029:The 924:and 874:Urdu 836:and 577:OSCE 432:Peru 377:Cuba 21134:of 20683:doi 20619:doi 20557:doi 20480:doi 19486:at 18922:doi 18837:doi 18711:doi 15853:SWF 14275:doi 14132:doi 14001:doi 13854:doi 13039:doi 12699:doi 11633:or 11587:ése 11563:qué 11383:/r/ 11357:/ʝ/ 11355:or 11330:che 11297:eñe 11239:RAE 10846:Old 10713:to 10652:caș 10601:5. 10595:in 10552:caș 10434:res 10389:res 10381:ren 10186:mai 10179:più 10159:or 10155:pus 10146:més 10136:més 10127:más 10118:más 10083:más 9726:noi 9703:nós 9668:nós 9648:nós 9475:or 9354:art 9227:), 9223:in 9180:or 9111:or 9029:vos 9026:or 8874:in 8788:vos 8775:vos 8757:or 8742:vos 8718:vos 8414:vos 8110:vos 7790:). 7787:vos 7762:), 7759:vos 7700:/d/ 7681:vos 7608:vos 7599:In 7593:vos 7567:vos 7561:vos 7558:or 7549:vos 7546:or 7397:yod 7393:/j/ 7385:/ʝ/ 7353:/ʎ/ 7303:/s/ 7292:/s/ 7275:or 7241:/s/ 7237:/θ/ 7229:ing 7210:or 7196:/θ/ 7176:/s/ 7050:.) 6568:/ɡ/ 6564:/ʝ/ 6560:/d/ 6556:/b/ 6548:/ʃ/ 6533:/s/ 6529:/θ/ 6517:/ʝ/ 6513:/ʎ/ 6478:/ʝ/ 6474:/ɡ/ 6470:/d/ 6466:/b/ 6406:/o/ 6402:/e/ 6398:/u/ 6394:/i/ 6386:/u/ 6382:/o/ 6378:/i/ 6374:/e/ 6370:/a/ 6344:). 6275:ll- 6269:fl- 6263:cl- 6257:pl- 6240:/f/ 6191:or 6114:.) 4304:). 4076:In 3874:of 3750:or 3679:), 3609:or 3417:in 3340:or 3182:nch 3146:nch 3103:opt 3089:oto 2928:ple 2901:enu 2877:eno 2799:ama 2789:ama 2742:clé 2714:ave 2690:ave 2610:foc 2589:feu 2582:uèc 2573:fòc 2560:foc 2486:(or 2378:far 2371:fer 2350:fer 2316:fiu 2290:ilh 2253:fíu 2225:ijo 1998:/β/ 1986:or 1977:). 1962:año 1913:rte 1862:rte 1794:mor 1780:rre 1713:rra 1692:tră 1681:tra 1659:rre 1628:dra 1495:of 1392:), 1263:or 1195:), 824:of 763:IPA 694:spa 678:spa 661:spa 37:on 23696:: 20877:. 20865:. 20861:. 20841:, 20761:. 20729:, 20699:}} 20695:{{ 20679:33 20677:. 20657:, 20625:. 20615:72 20613:. 20592:. 20563:. 20553:45 20551:. 20530:. 20486:. 20476:76 20474:. 20470:. 20446:. 20350:. 20315:. 20311:. 20285:. 20281:. 20235:. 20231:. 19581:. 19516:. 19512:. 19475:, 19410:^ 19395:. 19341:. 19337:. 19311:. 19307:. 19218:. 19192:. 19160:. 19128:. 19104:^ 19078:. 19048:. 18999:. 18940:. 18930:. 18864:. 18860:. 18833:27 18827:. 18763:^ 18725:. 18717:. 18705:. 18619:: 18617:}} 18613:{{ 18597:. 18593:. 18562:. 18370:– 18334:. 18279:. 18167:. 18143:. 18015:. 17968:. 17815:, 17764:. 17709:. 17665:. 17595:^ 17551:. 17547:. 17477:. 17298:. 17269:. 17248:. 17190:. 17145:ES 17143:, 17122:^ 17057:. 16818:UY 16772:PA 16727:. 16723:. 16631:. 16608:}} 16604:{{ 16537:. 16489:. 16441:. 16415:. 16411:. 16382:. 16310:^ 16262:^ 16162:^ 16138:^ 16023:. 16019:. 15971:. 15954:, 15938:, 15913:. 15859:EC 15857:, 15830:, 15814:, 15786:CL 15763:, 15747:, 15730:, 15716:US 15714:, 15688:PE 15664:, 15650:VE 15648:, 15621:. 15617:. 15591:. 15497:^ 15487:. 15461:. 15289:^ 15211:^ 15202:, 15157:^ 15126:. 15122:. 15090:. 15032:. 15002:. 14899:. 14831:. 14827:. 14796:. 14770:. 14766:. 14713:. 14699:." 14629:. 14595:. 14569:. 14565:. 14428:. 14424:. 14315:^ 14297:. 14289:. 14281:. 14269:. 14263:. 14215:. 14203:. 14146:. 14138:. 14126:. 14122:. 14086:. 14040:. 14036:. 14009:. 13997:80 13995:. 13991:. 13954:. 13920:. 13868:. 13860:. 13848:. 13844:. 13787:. 13736:. 13696:. 13670:. 13640:. 13588:^ 13566:. 13379:. 13348:. 13290:. 13251:. 13212:. 13208:. 13133:^ 13111:. 13081:. 13055:. 13047:. 13033:. 13021:^ 12968:. 12964:. 12933:. 12916:, 12884:. 12845:. 12802:. 12747:. 12741:. 12715:. 12705:. 12693:. 12666:. 12629:^ 12607:. 12595:^ 12577:. 12545:. 12353:^ 11596:, 11590:, 11578:, 11572:, 11566:, 11554:sé 11548:se 11542:dé 11536:de 11530:té 11524:te 11518:él 11512:el 11498:. 11417:. 10631:). 10619:). 10419:) 10393:) 10302:) 10274:) 10245:) 10221:) 10167:) 10140:) 10096:) 10016:) 9985:, 9977:) 9880:, 9806:) 9707:) 9672:, 9650:, 9517:, 9513:, 9509:, 9505:, 9501:, 9432:, 9420:, 9416:, 9412:, 9408:, 9404:, 9396:, 9392:, 9388:, 9364:, 9360:, 9356:, 9201:, 9183:la 9177:lo 9171:le 9165:la 9159:lo 9156:, 9153:le 9097:le 9080:la 9074:lo 9023:tú 8959:. 8951:, 8947:, 8943:, 8935:, 8931:, 8927:, 8923:, 8919:, 8915:, 8907:, 8832:. 8824:, 8820:, 8812:, 8801:tú 8748:tú 8724:tú 8704:tú 8420:tú 8394:tú 8104:tú 8084:tú 7734:, 7718:; 7663:tú 7645:: 7642:tú 7605:, 7587:tú 7584:, 7555:tú 7543:tú 7483:. 7458:). 7336:, 7227:th 7190:. 7117:, 7062:, 7042:, 6966:). 6960:, 6954:, 6948:, 6939:-n 6930:, 6924:, 6915:-n 6909:-s 6903:-n 6799:* 6762:) 6746:* 6701:tʃ 6562:, 6558:, 6496:" 6472:, 6468:, 6384:, 6380:, 6376:, 6372:, 6338:, 6326:, 6314:, 6296:, 6260:, 6079:, 4931:* 4826:* 4806:* 4786:* 4766:* 4699:* 4679:* 4659:* 4611:* 4591:* 4571:* 4554:* 4534:* 4514:* 4491:* 4474:* 4451:* 4431:* 4411:* 4394:* 4349:* 4297:. 4289:, 4285:, 4281:, 4270:. 4190:. 4119:, 4107:. 3908:, 3854:, 3850:, 3846:, 3842:, 3838:, 3834:, 3830:, 3826:, 3822:, 3818:, 3814:, 3810:, 3806:, 3790:, 3786:, 3782:, 3778:, 3774:, 3770:, 3721:, 3703:. 3687:, 3671:, 3667:, 3659:, 3655:, 3651:, 3647:, 3643:, 3639:, 3635:, 3631:, 3627:, 3619:, 3580:. 3568:, 3564:, 3557:. 3425:. 3386:. 3245:, 3239:, 3206:mo 3190:mu 3180:mu 3170:mu 3154:mu 3144:mu 3134:mu 3126:ch 3124:mu 3118:um 3116:lt 3114:mu 3072:, 3068:ch 3066:uò 3063:, 3059:ch 3057:uè 3047:, 3032:oi 3009:, 3004:ch 2986:ch 2976:ct 2918:, 2899:ll 2875:ll 2866:pl 2816:, 2797:fl 2787:ll 2778:fl 2712:ll 2688:ll 2679:cl 2576:, 2570:, 2477:, 2471:, 2402:èr 2393:ar 2387:, 2381:, 2284:, 2069:- 2063:-/ 2054:h- 2048:h- 2020:. 1950:ll 1944:nn 1941:) 1911:oa 1860:ue 1841:re 1839:oa 1830:re 1828:uo 1812:rt 1810:eu 1778:ue 1769:re 1767:ue 1711:ie 1690:ia 1679:ie 1667:, 1657:ie 1645:, 1626:ie 1412:, 1408:, 1404:, 1400:, 1396:, 1369:. 1361:, 1357:, 1353:, 1250:. 1189:, 1089:. 1022:, 1018:, 1014:, 1010:, 1006:, 955:, 951:, 947:, 943:, 939:, 880:. 643:es 132:, 33:, 22866:) 22860:( 21798:) 21794:( 21784:e 21777:t 21770:v 21653:) 21649:( 21550:) 21546:( 21298:) 21294:( 21181:) 21177:( 21124:e 21117:t 21110:v 20976:: 20889:. 20867:9 20796:. 20773:. 20705:) 20685:: 20633:. 20621:: 20604:. 20571:. 20559:: 20542:. 20509:. 20482:: 20458:. 20425:. 20406:. 20383:. 20360:. 20327:. 20297:. 20247:. 20217:. 20191:. 20165:. 20139:. 20113:. 20087:. 20061:. 20035:. 20009:. 19983:. 19957:. 19931:. 19905:. 19879:. 19853:. 19827:. 19801:. 19775:. 19749:. 19723:. 19697:. 19671:. 19645:. 19619:. 19593:. 19554:. 19528:. 19436:. 19353:. 19323:. 19234:. 19204:. 19174:, 19172:. 19142:, 19140:. 19097:. 19060:. 19011:. 18952:. 18924:: 18876:. 18845:. 18839:: 18812:. 18786:. 18737:. 18713:: 18629:) 18609:. 18578:. 18548:. 18522:. 18478:. 18464:" 18350:. 18320:. 18294:. 18263:. 18238:. 18212:. 18186:. 18130:. 18098:. 18053:. 18027:. 18001:. 17976:. 17955:. 17929:. 17903:. 17877:. 17779:. 17724:. 17650:. 17624:. 17589:. 17563:. 17533:. 17489:. 17417:. 17391:. 17365:. 17339:. 17313:. 17281:. 17235:. 17209:. 17098:. 17072:. 17021:. 16995:. 16874:) 16863:( 16739:. 16709:. 16672:. 16646:. 16614:) 16570:. 16549:. 16504:. 16453:. 16427:. 16397:. 16132:. 16087:. 16061:. 16035:. 16005:. 15899:. 15855:) 15851:( 15800:. 15633:. 15603:. 15541:. 15473:. 15429:. 15384:. 15358:) 15177:* 15164:* 15152:. 15138:. 15105:. 15073:. 15047:. 15014:. 14914:. 14870:. 14843:. 14812:. 14782:. 14752:. 14725:. 14671:. 14645:. 14611:. 14581:. 14551:. 14525:. 14499:. 14440:. 14409:. 14365:. 14309:. 14277:: 14271:6 14227:. 14161:. 14134:: 14128:8 14101:. 14056:. 14042:4 14021:. 14003:: 13973:. 13936:. 13906:. 13880:. 13856:: 13850:5 13817:. 13803:. 13773:. 13748:. 13708:. 13682:. 13656:. 13626:. 13582:. 13514:. 13488:. 13450:. 13421:. 13395:. 13364:. 13334:. 13302:. 13263:. 13224:. 13194:. 13168:. 13127:. 13097:. 13067:. 13041:: 13006:. 12980:. 12949:. 12896:. 12857:. 12818:. 12759:. 12727:. 12701:: 12678:. 12652:. 12623:. 12589:. 12563:. 12519:. 11878:. 11680:¡ 11674:¿ 11671:( 11649:ü 11636:i 11630:e 11624:g 11618:u 11450:w 11444:k 11363:( 11353:/ 11351:ʎ 11349:/ 11341:( 11327:( 11306:/ 11304:ɲ 11302:/ 11294:( 11290:ñ 11271:e 11264:t 11257:v 10625:. 10611:. 10599:. 10264:; 9861:) 9857:( 9846:) 8751:( 8727:( 8708:. 8398:. 8088:. 7800:) 7796:( 7784:( 7772:( 7769:! 7767:d 7756:( 7744:( 7741:! 7739:d 7725:s 7723:i 7709:s 7707:i 7670:( 7625:( 7402:y 7395:( 7389:j 7287:. 7213:i 7207:e 7201:c 7188:/ 7186:ʎ 7184:/ 7168:/ 7166:θ 7164:/ 6843:r 6819:ɾ 6796:ʎ 6787:l 6767:x 6759:ʃ 6756:( 6751:s 6743:θ 6736:f 6722:ɡ 6715:k 6708:ʝ 6690:d 6683:t 6676:b 6669:p 6653:ɲ 6644:n 6633:m 6498:r 6464:— 4096:( 3916:( 3208:i 3192:i 3184:u 3172:i 3156:y 3148:o 3136:y 3128:o 3039:) 3036:o 3034:t 3029:( 3006:o 3002:o 2988:o 2984:o 2978:ō 2974:o 2580:h 2496:) 2491:h 2481:h 2405:) 2400:h 2391:h 2334:h 2288:h 2241:) 2223:h 2066:h 2060:f 2042:f 2017:v 2011:b 2002:b 1989:v 1983:u 1909:m 1858:m 1837:m 1826:m 1808:m 1776:m 1765:m 1709:t 1688:p 1677:p 1655:p 1624:p 1559:o 1553:e 1388:( 1384:— 1317:. 1236:* 1183:( 1136:( 1071:( 891:( 872:- 868:( 802:( 792:( 783:. 615:( 305:) 301:( 210:- 64:. 41:.

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index