6086:
sunt Belgae, proptereá quod á cultú atque húmánitáte próvinciae longissimé absunt, miniméque ad eós mercátórés saepe commeant atque ea quae ad efféminandós animós pertinent important, proximíque sunt Germánís, quí tráns Rhénum incolunt, quibuscum continenter bellum gerunt. Quá dé causá Helvétií quoque reliquós Gallós virtúte praecédunt, quod feré cotídiánís proeliís cum Germánís contendunt, cum aut suís fínibus eós prohibent aut ipsí in eórum fínibus bellum gerunt. Eórum úna pars, quam Gallós obtinére dictum est, initium capit á flúmine Rhodanó, continétur Garumná flúmine, Óceanó, fínibus Belgárum; attingit etiam ab Séquanís et Helvétiís flúmen Rhénum; vergit ad septentriónés. Belgae ab extrémís
Galliae fínibus oriuntur; pertinent ad ínferiórem partem flúminis Rhéní; spectant in septentriónem et orientem sólem. Aquítánia á Garumná flúmine ad Pýrénaeós montés et eam partem Óceaní quae est ad Hispániam pertinet; spectat inter occásum sólis et septentriónés.
6073:
sunt Belgae, propterea quod a cultu atque humanitate provinciae longissime absunt, minimeque ad eos mercatores saepe commeant atque ea quae ad effeminandos animos pertinent important, proximique sunt
Germanis, qui trans Rhenum incolunt, quibuscum continenter bellum gerunt. Qua de causa Helvetii quoque reliquos Gallos virtute praecedunt, quod fere cotidianis proeliis cum Germanis contendunt, cum aut suis finibus eos prohibent aut ipsi in eorum finibus bellum gerunt. Eorum una pars, quam Gallos obtinere dictum est, initium capit a flumine Rhodano, continetur Garumna flumine, Oceano, finibus Belgarum; attingit etiam ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum; vergit ad septentriones. Belgae ab extremis Galliae finibus oriuntur; pertinent ad inferiorem partem fluminis Rheni; spectant in septentrionem et orientem solem. Aquitania a Garumna flumine ad Pyrenaeos montes et eam partem Oceani quae est ad Hispaniam pertinet; spectat inter occasum solis et septentriones.
1266:
4549:
678:
1051:
988:
2101:
45:
1889:
319:
1171:
6113:
4100:
2345:
2319:
6127:
5726:
2181:
1771:
2379:
2411:
6099:
4463:
1373:. It also appears on the flags and seals of both houses of congress and the flags of the states of Michigan, North Dakota, New York, and Wisconsin. The motto's 13 letters symbolically represent the original Thirteen Colonies which revolted from the British Crown. The motto is featured on all presently minted coinage and has been featured in most coinage throughout the nation's history.
5636:, medicine, science and philosophy to Italy, paying almost any price to entice Greek skilled and educated persons to Rome and sending their youth to be educated in Greece. Thus, many Latin scientific and philosophical words were Greek loanwords or had their meanings expanded by association with Greek words, as
7263:
Meyer
Reinhold, Classica Americana: The Greek and Roman Heritage in the United States, p.27 (1984). Harvard's curriculum was patterned after those of Oxford and Cambridge, and the curricula of other Colonial colleges followed Harvard's. Lawrence A. Cremin, American Education: The Colonial Experience,
2192:
Throughout
European history, an education in the classics was considered crucial for those who wished to join literate circles. This also was true in the United States where many of the nation's founders obtained a classically based education in grammar schools or from tutors. Admission to Harvard in
999:
existed, that is from around 700 to 1500 AD. The spoken language had developed into the various
Romance languages; however, in the educated and official world, Latin continued without its natural spoken base. Moreover, this Latin spread into lands that had never spoken Latin, such as the Germanic and
685:
A number of phases of the language have been recognized, each distinguished by subtle differences in vocabulary, usage, spelling, and syntax. There are no hard and fast rules of classification; different scholars emphasize different features. As a result, the list has variants, as well as alternative
4057:(less often called "heavy" and "light" respectively). Within a word, a syllable may either be long by nature or long by position. A syllable is long by nature if it has a diphthong or a long vowel. On the other hand, a syllable is long by position if the vowel is followed by more than one consonant.
3720:
has disputed this assertion, based in part upon the observation that in
Sardinian and some Lucanian dialects, each long and short vowel pair merged, as opposed to in Italo-Western languages in which short /i/ and /u/ merged with long /eː/ and /o:/ (c.f. Latin 'siccus', Italian 'secco', and Sardinian
6085:
Gallia est omnis dívísa in partés trés, quárum únam incolunt Belgae, aliam Aquítání, tertiam quí ipsórum linguá Celtae, nostrá Gallí appellantur. Hí omnés linguá, ínstitútís, légibus inter sé differunt. Gallós ab Aquítánís
Garumna flúmen, á Belgís Mátrona et Séquana dívidit. Hórum omnium fortissimí
6072:
Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres, quarum unam incolunt Belgae, aliam
Aquitani, tertiam qui ipsorum lingua Celtae, nostra Galli appellantur. Hi omnes lingua, institutis, legibus inter se differunt. Gallos ab Aquitanis Garumna flumen, a Belgis Matrona et Sequana dividit. Horum omnium fortissimi
5364:
for neuter) in the nominative singular. The fourth principal part will be the future participle if the verb cannot be made passive. Most modern Latin dictionaries, if they show only one gender, tend to show the masculine; but many older dictionaries instead show the neuter, as it coincides with the
1089:
and others began to change their usage of Latin as they explored the texts of the
Classical Latin world. Skills of textual criticism evolved to create much more accurate versions of extant texts through the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and some important texts were rediscovered. Comprehensive
957:
in 711, cutting off communications between the major
Romance regions, that the languages began to diverge seriously. The spoken Latin that would later become Romanian diverged somewhat more from the other varieties, as it was largely separated from the unifying influences in the western part of the
885:
Late Latin is a kind of written Latin used in the 3rd to 6th centuries. This began to diverge from Classical forms at a faster pace. It is characterised by greater use of prepositions, and word order that is closer to modern Romance languages, for example, while grammatically retaining more or less
5114:
Latin sometimes uses prepositions, depending on the type of prepositional phrase being used. Most prepositions are followed by a noun in either the accusative or ablative case: "apud puerum" (with the boy), with "puerum" being the accusative form of "puer", boy, and "sine puero" (without the boy),
866:
period, language changes reflecting spoken (non-classical) norms tend to be found in greater quantities in texts. As it was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanised European populations
5373:
are divided into two systems: the present system, which is made up of the present, imperfect and future forms, and the perfect system, which is made up of the perfect, pluperfect and future perfect forms. Each simple tense has a set of endings corresponding to the person, number, and voice of the
1801:
A variety of organisations, as well as informal Latin 'circuli' ('circles'), have been founded in more recent times to support the use of spoken Latin. Moreover, a number of university classics departments have begun incorporating communicative pedagogies in their Latin courses. These include the
2452:
The ancient pronunciation of Latin has been reconstructed; among the data used for reconstruction are explicit statements about pronunciation by ancient authors, misspellings, puns, ancient etymologies, the spelling of Latin loanwords in other languages, and the historical development of Romance
2214:
The numbers of people studying Latin varies significantly by country. In the United Kingdom, Latin is available in around 2.3% of state primary schools, representing a significant increase in availability. In Germany, over 500,000 students study Latin each year, representing a decrease from over
1773:
1139:
Latin education underwent a process of reform to classicise written and spoken Latin. Schooling remained largely Latin medium until approximately 1700. Until the end of the 17th century, the majority of books and almost all diplomatic documents were written in Latin. Afterwards, most diplomatic
2414:
1777:
1776:
1772:
889:
Ultimately, Latin diverged into a distinct written form, where the commonly spoken form was perceived as a separate language, for instance early French or Italian dialects, that could be transcribed differently. It took some time for these to be viewed as wholly different from Latin however.
7129:
Colloquia Humanistica. No. 2. Instytut Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk, 2013. Page 97: "Even according to Albanian linguists, Albanian vocabulary is composed in 60 percent of Latin words from different periods... When albanological studies were just emerging, it happened that Albanian was
2413:
2418:
2417:
2412:
1778:
5660:
During and after the adoption of Christianity into Roman society, Christian vocabulary became a part of the language, either from Greek or Hebrew borrowings or as Latin neologisms. Continuing into the Middle Ages, Latin incorporated many more words from surrounding languages, including
2419:
846:
The term 'Vulgar Latin' remains difficult to define, referring both to informal speech at any time within the history of Latin, and the kind of informal Latin that had begun to move away from the written language significantly in the post-Imperial period, that led ultimately to the
7253:
Of the eighty-nine men who signed the Declaration of Independence and attended the Constitutional Convention, thirty-six went to a Colonial college, all of which offered only the classical curriculum. Richard M. Gummere, The American Colonial Mind and the Classical Tradition, p.66
720:
5385:
The table below displays the common inflected endings for the indicative mood in the active voice in all six tenses. For the future tense, the first listed endings are for the first and second conjugations, and the second listed endings are for the third and fourth conjugations:
1144:) and later native or other languages. Education methods gradually shifted towards written Latin, and eventually concentrating solely on reading skills. The decline of Latin education took several centuries and proceeded much more slowly than the decline in written Latin output.
7130:
classified as a Romance language. Already there exists the idea of a common origin of both Albanian and Rumanian languages. The Rumanian grammar is almost identical to that of Albanian, but it may be as well the effect of later convergence within the Balkan Sprachbund.."
7549:
Who only knows Latin can go across the whole Poland from one side to the other one just like he was at his own home, just like he was born there. So great happiness! I wish a traveler in England could travel without knowing any other language than Latin!, Daniel Defoe,
1105:
Neo-Latin literature was extensive and prolific, but less well known or understood today. Works covered poetry, prose stories and early novels, occasional pieces and collections of letters, to name a few. Famous and well regarded writers included Petrarch, Erasmus,
4995:
There are two types of regular Latin adjectives: first- and second-declension and third-declension. They are so-called because their forms are similar or identical to first- and second-declension and third-declension nouns, respectively. Latin adjectives also have
1775:
2416:
3476:. However, they would also signify a long vowel by writing the vowel larger than other letters in a word or by repeating the vowel twice in a row. The acute accent, when it is used in modern Latin texts, indicates stress, as in Spanish, rather than length.
2193:
the Colonial era required that the applicant "Can readily make and speak or write true Latin prose and has skill in making verse . . ." Latin Study and the classics were emphasized in American secondary schools and colleges well into the Antebellum era.
946:. Despite dialectal variation, which is found in any widespread language, the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy have retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilising influence of their common
5657:(breeches), of Celtic origin. The specific dialects of Latin across Latin-speaking regions of the former Roman Empire after its fall were influenced by languages specific to the regions. The dialects of Latin evolved into different Romance languages.
961:
Spoken Latin began to diverge into distinct languages by the 9th century at the latest, when the earliest extant Romance writings begin to appear. They were, throughout the period, confined to everyday speech, as Medieval Latin was used for writing.
7612:
2428:
4913:– used to indicate a location (corresponding to the English "in" or "at"). It is far less common than the other six cases of Latin nouns and usually applies to cities and small towns and islands along with a few common nouns, such as the words
2439:
1222:(also known as the Ordinary Form or the Novus Ordo) is usually celebrated in the local vernacular language, it can be and often is said in Latin, in part or in whole, especially at multilingual gatherings. It is the official language of the
6375:
In Italy, all alphabets were originally written from right to left; the oldest Latin inscription, which appears on the lapis niger of the seventh century BC, is in boustrophedon, but all other early Latin inscriptions run from right to
2430:
6458:, p. 5 "Comparative scholars, especially in the nineteenth century ... tended to see Vulgar Latin and literary Latin as two very different kinds of language, or even two different languages altogether ... but is now out of date"
1261:
There are a small number of Latin services held in the Anglican church. These include an annual service in Oxford, delivered with a Latin sermon; a relic from the period when Latin was the normal spoken language of the university.
925:
While the written form of Latin was increasingly standardized into a fixed form, the spoken forms began to diverge more greatly. Currently, the five most widely spoken Romance languages by number of native speakers are
5105:
Latin participles, like English participles, are formed from a verb. There are a few main types of participles: Present Active Participles, Perfect Passive Participles, Future Active Participles, and Future Passive Participles.
582:. In these periods Latin was used productively and generally taught to be written and spoken, at least until the late seventeenth century, when spoken skills began to erode. It then became increasingly taught only to be read.
5351:
The fourth principal part is the supine form, or alternatively, the nominative singular of the perfect passive participle form of the verb. The fourth principal part can show one gender of the participle or all three genders
2441:
1359:
and the western end of the known, Mediterranean world. Charles adopted the motto following the discovery of the New World by Columbus, and it also has metaphorical suggestions of taking risks and striving for excellence.
4040:
Further, if a consonant separates two vowels, it will go into the syllable of the second vowel. When there are two consonants between vowels, the last consonant will go with the second vowel. An exception occurs when a
2780:
between vowels always counts as two consonants for metrical purposes. The consonant ⟨b⟩ usually sounds as ; however, when ⟨t⟩ or ⟨s⟩ follows ⟨b⟩ then it is pronounced as in or . In Latin, ⟨q⟩ is always followed by the
1273:
has adopted Latin names in the logos of some of its institutions for the sake of linguistic compromise, an "ecumenical nationalism" common to most of the continent and as a sign of the continent's heritage (such as the
1729:
The continued instruction of Latin is seen by some as a highly valuable component of a liberal arts education. Latin is taught at many high schools, especially in Europe and the Americas. It is most common in British
7452:
No, you learn Latin because of what was written in it – and because of the sexual side of life direct access that Latin gives you to a literary tradition that lies at the very heart (not just at the root) of Western
2222:
movement attempts to teach Latin in the same way that living languages are taught, as a means of both spoken and written communication. It is available in Vatican City and at some institutions in the US, such as the
5348:
The third principal part is the first-person singular, perfect active indicative form. Like the first principal part, if the verb is impersonal, the third principal part will be in the third-person singular.
5342:
The first principal part is the first-person singular, present tense, active voice, indicative mood form of the verb. If the verb is impersonal, the first principal part will be in the third-person singular.
1031:
instead. Furthermore, the meanings of many words were changed and new words were introduced, often under influence from the vernacular. Identifiable individual styles of classically incorrect Latin prevail.
7768:
2089:", as if they had spilled from a pot of ink. Many of these words were used once by the author and then forgotten, but some useful ones survived, such as 'imbibe' and 'extrapolate'. Many of the most common
843:). Some linguists, particularly in the nineteenth century, believed this to be a separate language, existing more or less in parallel with the literary or educated Latin, but this is now widely dismissed.
8791:, a small collection of Greek and Roman authors along with their books and writings (original texts are in Latin and Greek, translations in English and occasionally in a few other languages are available)
2415:
1774:
555:
is the literary language from the 3rd century AD onward, and Vulgar Latin's various regional dialects had developed by the 6th to 9th centuries into the ancestors of the modern Romance languages.
5365:
supine. The fourth principal part is sometimes omitted for intransitive verbs, but strictly in Latin, they can be made passive if they are used impersonally, and the supine exists for such verbs.
5141:. A conjugation is "a class of verbs with similar inflected forms." The conjugations are identified by the last letter of the verb's present stem. The present stem can be found by omitting the -
4821:– used when the noun is the direct object of the subject, as the object of a preposition demonstrating place to which, and sometimes to indicate a duration of time: The man killed the boy. (
4805:– used when the noun is the indirect object of the sentence, with special verbs, with certain prepositions, and if it is used as agent, reference, or even possessor: The merchant hands the
2097:. Romance words make respectively 59%, 20% and 14% of English, German and Dutch vocabularies. Those figures can rise dramatically when only non-compound and non-derived words are included.
6033:
The numbers from 4 to 100 do not change their endings. As in modern descendants such as Spanish, the gender for naming a number in isolation is masculine, so that "1, 2, 3" is counted as
854:
During the Classical period, informal language was rarely written, so philologists have been left with only individual words and phrases cited by classical authors, inscriptions such as
2808:
represented both vowels and consonants. Most of the letter forms were similar to modern uppercase, as can be seen in the inscription from the Colosseum shown at the top of the article.
2429:
4671:
A regular Latin noun belongs to one of five main declensions, a group of nouns with similar inflected forms. The declensions are identified by the genitive singular form of the noun.
2764:
was not native to Classical Latin. It appeared in Greek loanwords starting around the first century BC, when it was probably pronounced (at least by educated speakers) initially and
466:
in Europe until well into the early 19th century, when regional vernaculars supplanted it in common academic and political usage—including its own descendants, the Romance languages.
2112:
on the less-developed nations under Roman dominion led to the adoption of Latin phraseology in some specialized areas, such as science, technology, medicine, and law. For example,
6842:
2029:", are intended to garner popular interest in the language. Additional resources include phrasebooks and resources for rendering everyday phrases and concepts into Latin, such as
1074:, given their importance for the development of European culture, religion and science. The vast majority of written Latin belongs to this period, but its full extent is unknown.
4735:
is not as important in Latin as it is in English, which is less inflected. The general structure and word order of a Latin sentence can therefore vary. The cases are as follows:
2440:
6212:
1007:
Without the institutions of the Roman Empire that had supported its uniformity, Medieval Latin was much more liberal in its linguistic cohesion: for example, in classical Latin
652:
4564:
in the terminology of linguistic typology. Words involve an objective semantic element and markers (usually suffixes) specifying the grammatical use of the word, expressing
3077:
3056:
4853:– used when the noun is used in a direct address. The vocative form of a noun is often the same as the nominative, with the exception of second-declension nouns ending in
4657:
does not express masculine, feminine, or neuter gender. A major task in understanding Latin phrases and clauses is to clarify such ambiguities by an analysis of context.
7201:
1694:, have been made with dialogue in Latin. Occasionally, Latin dialogue is used because of its association with religion or philosophy, in such film/television series as
1102:
and others, first the demand for manuscripts, and then the rush to bring works into print, led to the circulation of inaccurate copies for several centuries following.
2391:– officially recognised and widely used between the 10th and 18th centuries, commonly used in foreign relations and popular as a second language among some of the
7779:
5645:
Because of the Roman Empire's expansion and subsequent trade with outlying European tribes, the Romans borrowed some northern and central European words, such as
1798:
broadcast from 1989 until it was shut down in June 2019), and Vatican Radio & Television, all of which broadcast news segments and other material in Latin.
1293:
In the Western world, many organizations, governments and schools use Latin for their mottos due to its association with formality, tradition, and the roots of
9475:
4731:
There are seven Latin noun cases, which also apply to adjectives and pronouns and mark a noun's syntactic role in the sentence by means of inflections. Thus,
4045:
stop and liquid come together. In this situation, they are thought to be a single consonant, and as such, they will go into the syllable of the second vowel.
920:
1927:. Their works were published in manuscript form before the invention of printing and are now published in carefully annotated printed editions, such as the
1919:
The works of several hundred ancient authors who wrote in Latin have survived in whole or in part, in substantial works or in fragments to be analyzed in
11307:
1309:
5712:
and concatenating. Often, the concatenation changed the part of speech, and nouns were produced from verb segments or verbs from nouns and adjectives.
4215:. This alphabet has continued to be used over the centuries as the script for the Romance, Celtic, Germanic, Baltic, Finnic and many Slavic languages (
3717:
1320:
which has the inscription "For Valour". Because Canada is officially bilingual, the Canadian medal has replaced the English inscription with the Latin
1122:. Non fiction works were long produced in many subjects, including the sciences, law, philosophy, historiography and theology. Famous examples include
8024:
7264:
1607–1783, pp. 128–129 (1970), and Frederick Rudolph, Curriculum: A History of the American Undergraduate Course of Study Since 1636, pp.31–32 (1978).
5587:. However, because of close cultural interaction, the Romans not only adapted the Etruscan alphabet to form the Latin alphabet but also borrowed some
5019:
are declined like first-declension nouns for the feminine forms and like second-declension nouns for the masculine and neuter forms. For example, for
7122:
7437:
3479:
Although called long vowels, their exact quality in Classical Latin is different from short vowels. The difference is described in the table below:
6670:"When we talk about "Neo-Latin", we refer to the Latin ... from the time of the early Italian humanist Petrarch (1304–1374) up to the present day"
4262:
The number of letters in the Latin alphabet has varied. When it was first derived from the Etruscan alphabet, it contained only 21 letters. Later,
6575:
6222:
4841:
or when the noun is used as the object of certain prepositions, and to indicate a specific place in time.; adverbial: You walked with the boy. (
4767:– used when the noun is the possessor of or connected with an object: "the horse of the man", or "the man's horse"; in both instances, the word
3778:
is truly a diphthong in Classical Latin, due to its rarity, absence in works of Roman grammarians, and the roots of Classical Latin words (i.e.
11362:
5632:(bath). This Hellenisation led to the addition of "Y" and "Z" to the alphabet to represent Greek sounds. Subsequently, the Romans transplanted
1128:
9362:
2239:
series. It has also published a subseries of children's texts in Latin by Bell & Forte, which recounts the adventures of a mouse called
2134:
would be primarily derived from Latin and Greek words, the Greek being filtered through the Latin. Roman engineering had the same effect on
9904:
6227:
5067:
are mostly declined like normal third-declension nouns, with a few exceptions. In the plural nominative neuter, for example, the ending is
2049:(CIL). Authors and publishers vary, but the format is about the same: volumes detailing inscriptions with a critical apparatus stating the
656:
625:
9946:
9934:
7385:
8740:
6881:
6832:
3949:. During the Classical period this sound change was present in some rural dialects, but deliberately avoided by well-educated speakers.
9993:
8884:
8542:
7040:
2267:
6683:"Neo-Latin is the term used for the Latin which developed in Renaissance Italy ... Its origins are normally associated with Petrarch"
2085:. From the 16th to the 18th centuries, English writers cobbled together huge numbers of new words from Latin and Greek words, dubbed "
7466:
7092:"Graduate Certificate in Latin Studies – Institute for Latin Studies | Modern & Classical Languages, Literatures & Cultures"
6941:
2373:
exists. Latin was used on Croatian coins on even years until 1 January 2023, when Croatia adopted the Euro as its official currency.
9909:
6202:
6426:. Publications of the University of Manchester, no. 229. French series, no. 6. Manchester: Manchester university press. p. 3.
965:
For many Italians using Latin, though, there was no complete separation between Italian and Latin, even into the beginning of the
11281:
9919:
9150:
1946:
1377:
1132:. Latin was also used as a convenient medium for translations of important works first written in a vernacular, such as those of
11226:
9914:
9648:
8582:
7188:
5614:(272 BC), the Romans began Hellenising, or adopting features of Greek culture, including the borrowing of Greek words, such as
2271:
1265:
7311:
5800:. The numbers 1, 2 and 3 and every whole hundred from 200 to 900 are declined as nouns and adjectives, with some differences.
3469:, and short vowels are usually unmarked except when it is necessary to distinguish between words, when they are marked with a
1066:
Renaissance Latin, 1300 to 1500, and the classicised Latin that followed through to the present are often grouped together as
11196:
10021:
9548:
8857:
8682:
8627:
8606:
8429:
8251:
8232:
8209:
8092:
7992:
7719:
7651:
7238:
7163:
6625:
6532:
6403:
3303:
7657:
7609:
7559:
Anatol Lieven, The Baltic Revolution: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and the Path to Independence, Yale University Press, 1994,
7018:
6955:
6362:
11286:
11161:
10314:
5259:
are verbs that do not follow the regular conjugations in the formation of the inflected form. Irregular verbs in Latin are
833:, which contain fragments of everyday speech, gives evidence of an informal register of the language, Vulgar Latin (termed
6649:
4943:, "in Rome"). In the plural of all declensions and the singular of the other declensions, it coincides with the ablative (
2278:, and The Latin Programme/Via Facilis, a London-based charity, run Latin courses. In the United States and in Canada, the
9867:
8851:
8224:
2750:
2734:
1624:
633:
539:
with less prestigious variations attested in inscriptions and some literary works such as those of the comic playwrights
352:
7178:
Uwe Pörksen, German Academy for Language and Literature's Jahrbuch 2007 (Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2008, pp. 121–130)
1903:
is one of the most famous classical Latin texts of the Golden Age of Latin. The unvarnished, journalistic style of this
995:
Medieval Latin is the written Latin in use during that portion of the post-classical period when no corresponding Latin
11357:
9538:
8839:
8494:
6171:
3312:
1019:
are used as auxiliary verbs in the perfect and pluperfect passive, which are compound tenses. Medieval Latin might use
753:. It is attested both in inscriptions and in some of the earliest extant Latin literary works, such as the comedies of
1337:, meaning "even further", or figuratively "Further!", is also Latin in origin. It is taken from the personal motto of
11206:
9966:
9533:
9528:
9504:
9355:
8663:
8297:
8270:
8190:
7605:
7581:
7564:
6992:
5773:
3882:
Old Latin had more diphthongs, but most of them changed into long vowels in Classical Latin. The Old Latin diphthong
2053:
and relevant information. The reading and interpretation of these inscriptions is the subject matter of the field of
5755:
4787:
would be in the genitive case. Some nouns are genitive with special verbs and adjectives: The cup is full of wine. (
2335:
became the exclusive official language in 1844. The best known Latin language poet of Croatian-Hungarian origin was
11221:
9894:
9543:
9470:
8407:
6161:
3406:
by some speakers. It was also used in native Latin words by confusion with Greek words of similar meaning, such as
2287:
2283:
2157:, popular in the early 20th century, is Latin with its inflections stripped away, among other grammatical changes.
2146:
451:
8364:
Search on line Latin-English and English-Latin dictionary with complete declension or conjugation. Online results.
7518:
7411:
9487:
9420:
7492:
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2638:
2405:
2013:
1711:
1370:
815:, which served as a sort of informal language academy dedicated to maintaining and perpetuating educated speech.
342:
8488:
6685:
11342:
10241:
10166:
9924:
9318:
8877:
8119:
5751:
3334:
2290:, which encourages students to continue their study of the classics into college. The league also sponsors the
2044:
2030:
1731:
309:
5792:
In ancient times, numbers in Latin were written only with letters. Today, the numbers can be written with the
5097:(animals)) They can have one, two or three forms for the masculine, feminine, and neuter nominative singular.
2357:(Sabor) from the 13th to the 19th century (1847). The oldest preserved records of the parliamentary sessions (
11347:
11327:
10737:
8813:
7442:
7288:
6081:
over vowel letters, including customarily before "nf" and "ns" where a long vowel is automatically produced:
4624:). Some words are uninflected and undergo neither process, such as adverbs, prepositions, and interjections.
2300:
2286:(with more than 50,000 members), which encourages high school students to pursue the study of Latin, and the
1460:
1338:
1275:
741:
The earliest known form of Latin is Old Latin, also called Archaic or Early Latin, which was spoken from the
222:
8032:
5153:
in deponent verbs) ending from the present infinitive form. The infinitive of the first conjugation ends in
4340:, it is rarely used for Latin text, as it was not used in classical times, but many other languages use it.
1162:
Despite having no native speakers, Latin is still used for a variety of purposes in the contemporary world.
273:
240:
11332:
10577:
10181:
9633:
9348:
8503:
6907:
6049:
5787:
5584:
5250:
3914:. These two developments sometimes occurred in different words from the same root: for instance, Classical
3348:
2645:
1898:
954:
201:
7119:
4313:
4267:
4017:
4012:
4001:
3996:
3990:
3985:
3974:
3834:
3441:
3254:
3224:
3192:
3182:
3171:
3163:
3143:
3135:
3111:
3032:
3001:
2977:
2954:
2930:
2906:
2882:
2824:
2811:
The spelling systems used in Latin dictionaries and modern editions of Latin texts, however, normally use
2761:
11352:
11337:
11322:
11276:
11201:
10960:
10016:
9899:
9445:
9143:
8475:
7447:
6303:
6207:
5583:
As Latin is an Italic language, most of its vocabulary is likewise Italic, ultimately from the ancestral
5335:
5256:
4997:
3343:
3298:
3261:. (In English, distinctive consonant length or doubling occurs only at the boundary between two words or
2658:
2215:
800,000 in 2008. Latin is still required for some University courses, but this has become less frequent.
1690:
459:
334:) and the area governed by Latin speakers. Many languages other than Latin were spoken within the empire.
196:
7070:
2041:
Some inscriptions have been published in an internationally agreed, monumental, multivolume series, the
11236:
10900:
10792:
10562:
10334:
10156:
10064:
9929:
9872:
8447:
Combines Whittakers Words, Lewis and Short, Bennett's grammar and inflection tables in a browser addon.
4552:
Syntactical structure of the Latin sentence 'Iohannes vidit illam puellam' meaning 'John sees the girl'
3367:
3362:
2741:
2571:
2564:
2232:
2185:
2066:
1569:
617:
4931:(country). In the singular of the first and second declensions, its form coincides with the genitive (
4486:
excavated at sites such as forts, an especially extensive set having been discovered at Vindolanda on
1786:
Occasionally, some media outlets, targeting enthusiasts, broadcast in Latin. Notable examples include
1218:(also known as the Extraordinary Form or Traditional Latin Mass) is celebrated in Latin. Although the
410:. Classical Latin is considered a dead language as it is no longer used to produce major texts, while
11256:
10349:
10304:
10231:
10151:
10099:
10089:
10041:
9388:
8901:
8870:
6077:
The same text may be marked for all long vowels (before any possible elisions at word boundary) with
4279:
2613:
2370:
2279:
2139:
1710:"). Subtitles are usually shown for the benefit of those who do not understand Latin. There are also
1684:
1581:
1555:
660:
10857:
10767:
10276:
10256:
10251:
10236:
10189:
10129:
10084:
9886:
9048:
6856:
6273:
6141:
5736:
5370:
4054:
3317:
1981:
1932:
1904:
1660:
1474:
1247:
791:
During the late republic and into the first years of the empire, from about 75 BC to AD 200, a new
303:
8578:
4082:
If the second-to-last syllable is not long, the syllable before that one will be stressed instead.
1000:
Slavic nations. It became useful for international communication between the member states of the
11317:
11312:
11266:
11246:
11186:
11176:
11166:
10572:
10261:
10161:
10141:
10056:
10046:
9751:
9691:
9671:
9383:
8750:
8725:
7433:
6424:
From Latin to modern French with especial consideration of Anglo-Norman; phonology and morphology
6242:
6232:
5740:
4620:
4259:, the Americas and Oceania, making it by far the world's single most widely used writing system.
2580:
2530:
2523:
2295:
2251:
2118:
2074:
1940:
1907:
general has long been taught as a model of the urbane Latin officially spoken and written in the
1448:
1313:
407:
127:
6549:
3185:), in between vowels, becomes "i-y", being pronounced as parts of two separate syllables, as in
2199:
is an essential aspect. In today's world, a large number of Latin students in the US learn from
1341:, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain (as Charles I), and is a reversal of the original phrase
11271:
11261:
11211:
11191:
11005:
10980:
10945:
10827:
10552:
10199:
9961:
9492:
9136:
8947:
8931:
7523:
6524:
6518:
5747:
5677:
4248:
4042:
2236:
2224:
2135:
1936:
1928:
1876:. Latin is still spoken in Vatican City, a city-state situated in Rome that is the seat of the
1233:
1203:
1175:
27:
20:
8734:
7984:
7978:
7381:
7197:
4990:
2250:
encourages the study of antiquity through various means, such as publications and grants. The
11241:
11171:
10995:
10747:
10547:
10542:
10339:
10246:
10171:
10134:
10119:
10094:
10074:
9976:
9086:
9006:
8729:
8549:
8454:
A new abridgment of Ainsworth's Dictionary, English and Latin, for the use of Grammar Schools
7115:
6395:
6389:
6217:
5681:
2726:
2710:
2679:
2672:
2247:
2228:
2082:
1702:
1643:("truth"). Veritas was the goddess of truth, a daughter of Saturn, and the mother of Virtue.
1607:
1534:
1251:
867:
developed their own dialects of the language, which eventually led to the differentiation of
694:
419:
90:
7048:
1081:
reinforced the position of Latin as a spoken and written language by the scholarship by the
11251:
11216:
10905:
10772:
10672:
10597:
10462:
10425:
9801:
9465:
9312:
9297:
8996:
8566:
8462:
8338:
6196:
5077:(all, everything)), and for third-declension nouns, the plural nominative neuter ending is
4747:
4066:
2539:
2204:
2196:
2154:
1303:
1198:
The largest organisation that retains Latin in official and quasi-official contexts is the
1157:
1082:
894:
800:
770:
690:
606:
10895:
8825:
8394:
Identifies the grammatical functions of all the words in sentences entered, using Perseus.
2838:
Some notes concerning the mapping of Latin phonemes to English graphemes are given below:
8:
11181:
11030:
10832:
10702:
10652:
9971:
9568:
9054:
8572:
6933:
6837:
6104:
4498:
show spaces between words, spaces were avoided in monumental inscriptions from that era.
4244:
4212:
2597:
2354:
2291:
2131:
1825:
1754:
1717:
1696:
1516:
1414:
1356:
1352:
1207:
1059:
931:
579:
536:
8183:
Dynamics of Neo-Latin and the Vernacular: Language and Poetics, Translation and Transfer
5253:
and can therefore be compared to similar conjugations in other Indo-European languages.
4514:
is a 7th-century BC pin with an Old Latin inscription written using the Etruscan script.
3774:
were very rare, at least in native Latin words. There has also been debate over whether
677:
11231:
10955:
10762:
10617:
10557:
10477:
10420:
10284:
9520:
9499:
9265:
8988:
8169:
7846:
6796:
6442:
6156:
6151:
6132:
5672:
Over the ages, Latin-speaking populations produced new adjectives, nouns, and verbs by
5666:
5611:
5331:
5323:
4615:
4599:
4595:
4569:
4565:
4557:
4495:
4467:
4256:
4104:
3463:
2689:
2332:
2328:
2165:
2019:
1865:
1845:
1762:
1632:
1589:
1153:
898:
644:
610:
505:
489:
485:
481:
399:
10870:
8788:
8403:
Displays complete conjugations of verbs entered in first-person present singular form.
3233:
In Classical Latin, as in modern Italian, double consonant letters were pronounced as
1050:
295:
289:
10865:
10717:
10472:
10432:
10410:
9618:
9307:
9302:
9233:
9106:
9030:
8924:
8914:
8909:
8678:
8659:
8623:
8617:
8602:
8368:
8293:
8266:
8247:
8228:
8205:
8186:
8173:
8115:
8088:
7988:
7838:
7725:
7715:
7647:
7601:
7577:
7560:
7234:
7159:
6800:
6788:
6772:
6621:
6528:
6492:
6399:
5588:
5327:
5298:
in Latin (present, imperfect, future, perfect, pluperfect and future perfect), three
5295:
5138:
5132:
4972:
4838:
4743:
4607:
4603:
4561:
4526:
4487:
4372:
4353:
4228:
4204:
3766:. The former pronounced like the 'i' in mine, and the latter like the 'ow' in power.
2603:
2516:
2510:
2493:
2483:
2388:
2282:
supports every effort to further the study of classics. Its subsidiaries include the
2113:
2000:
1857:
1849:
1833:
1745:
1187:
1071:
1041:
1001:
943:
914:
868:
848:
766:
586:
571:
513:
473:
443:
415:
348:
10930:
10890:
10822:
10757:
10682:
10677:
10449:
10372:
10319:
10114:
10109:
9998:
9857:
9806:
9766:
9736:
9731:
9726:
9716:
9638:
9585:
9578:
9563:
9558:
9482:
9410:
9287:
9282:
9098:
9069:
9065:
9025:
9020:
9014:
8893:
8159:
7830:
6780:
6078:
5299:
4666:
4611:
4573:
4511:
4357:
4252:
4236:
4232:
4224:
3430:
2702:
2478:
2473:
2169:
2109:
1873:
1841:
1837:
1829:
1817:
1488:
1468:
1444:
1141:
987:
939:
927:
672:
621:
497:
403:
132:
8433:
11025:
10837:
10817:
10777:
10712:
10662:
10657:
10532:
10482:
10390:
10224:
10204:
10124:
9573:
9398:
9194:
9118:
9114:
8507:
8452:
8276:
8125:
8098:
7641:
7616:
7576:
Kevin O'Connor, Culture And Customs of the Baltic States, Greenwood Press, 2006,
7126:
7014:
6959:
6645:
6356:
6186:
6181:
6146:
6118:
5793:
4834:
4818:
4779:, in which the material is quantified: "a group of people"; "a number of gifts":
4739:
4220:
4216:
3802:, etc.) not matching or being similar to the pronunciation of classical words if
3709:
2666:
2488:
2336:
2304:
in 2006 that the reason for learning Latin is because of what was written in it.
2255:
2201:
Wheelock's Latin: The Classic Introductory Latin Course, Based on Ancient Authors
2123:
2078:
1975:
1969:
1963:
1957:
1877:
1869:
1821:
1806:
1723:
1595:
1502:
1365:
1294:
1219:
1215:
1199:
1115:
1095:
935:
905:
adopted Latin as a language more suitable for legal and other, more formal uses.
902:
792:
786:
750:
637:
598:
532:
501:
455:
137:
119:
9060:
8164:
8147:
7140:
1802:
University of Kentucky, the University of Oxford and also Princeton University.
11080:
10722:
10457:
10405:
10377:
10324:
10309:
10289:
10104:
10079:
10036:
10026:
9852:
9826:
9756:
9741:
9706:
9666:
9427:
9220:
9110:
8968:
8398:
6641:
5797:
5604:
5571:, causing their forms to be in the passive voice but retain an active meaning:
4833:– used when the noun demonstrates separation or movement from a source, cause,
4240:
4208:
4094:
3395:
3237:
consonant sounds distinct from short versions of the same consonants. Thus the
2073:, borrowing from Latin occurred from ecclesiastical usage established by Saint
2007:
1912:
1888:
1861:
1737:
1707:
1663:. For a similar reason, it adopted the international vehicle and internet code
1563:
1549:
1496:
1482:
1317:
1270:
1227:
1091:
982:
859:
762:
746:
698:
559:
524:
517:
509:
439:
394:
383:
179:
172:
44:
8963:
8760:
6784:
4073:
In a word with only two syllables, the emphasis will be on the first syllable.
2122:, an encyclopedia of people, places, plants, animals, and things published by
1443:("If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look about you"), is based on that of Sir
558:
In Latin's usage beyond the early medieval period, it lacked native speakers.
11301:
10612:
10582:
10497:
10031:
10008:
9821:
9676:
9661:
9608:
9415:
9324:
8978:
8819:
7842:
7729:
6792:
6176:
6065:
5568:
5128:
4910:
4850:
4830:
4772:
4764:
4539:
4518:
4491:
4479:
4112:
2631:
2587:
2557:
2546:
2503:
2263:
1892:
1795:
1528:
1111:
855:
774:
742:
735:
681:
The linguistic landscape of central Italy at the beginning of Roman expansion
641:
469:
266:
8973:
8280:
5374:
subject. Subject (nominative) pronouns are generally omitted for the first (
3833:
represented sequences of two vowels or of a vowel and one of the semivowels
318:
11090:
10950:
10395:
10344:
10299:
10294:
10146:
9956:
9842:
9786:
9781:
9553:
9437:
9371:
9292:
8829:
8785:, ancient Latin books and writings (without translations) ordered by author
8382:
8129:
8102:
6419:
6252:
6191:
4543:
3434:
3422:
2275:
2259:
2219:
2211:
has become the standard text for many American introductory Latin courses.
2100:
2090:
2086:
1993:
1805:
There are many websites and forums maintained in Latin by enthusiasts. The
1787:
1575:
1243:
1202:. The Catholic Church required that Mass be carried out in Latin until the
1183:
1123:
824:
812:
602:
493:
447:
411:
183:
95:
74:
9001:
8958:
8411:
8359:
6982:
2788:
In Old and Classical Latin, the Latin alphabet had no distinction between
2104:
Range of the Romance languages, the modern descendants of Latin, in Europe
257:
10885:
10507:
10329:
10219:
9613:
9329:
8833:
8596:
8513:
7120:"A Crossroad Between West, East and Orient–The Case of Albanian Culture."
7091:
6237:
6166:
5662:
5119:, however, govern a noun in the genitive (such as "gratia" and "tenus").
5001:
4802:
4522:
4349:
4243:); and it has been adopted by many languages around the world, including
3741:
2789:
2769:
2150:
2070:
1614:
Some law governing bodies in the Philippines have Latin mottos, such as:
1396:
1119:
1078:
966:
724:
567:
563:
8638:
8484:
8148:"A paradox of the linguistic research of Neo–Latin. Symptoms and causes"
6956:"Latein: Nuntii Latini mensis lunii 2010: Lateinischer Monats rückblick"
6937:
6331:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition
1170:
795:
arose, a conscious creation of the orators, poets, historians and other
11110:
11050:
11015:
10807:
10742:
10732:
10627:
10512:
10400:
9983:
9951:
9696:
9623:
9455:
9450:
9207:
8031:. Translated by Johnson, Rand H. University of Michigan. Archived from
7528:
7407:
6987:
5307:
5303:
5116:
4732:
4627:
Latin inflection can result in words with much ambiguity: For example,
4590:
4548:
4483:
4368:
4361:
4079:
If the second-to-last syllable is long, that syllable will have stress.
3234:
2765:
2161:
2094:
2050:
1951:
1678:
1659:
on coins and stamps, since there is no room to use all of the nation's
1332:
1239:
1211:
1055:
996:
947:
880:
863:
702:
594:
552:
9340:
8377:
Identifies the grammatical functions of words entered. Online results.
7850:
6439:
Source book of the history of education for the Greek and Roman period
2153:
is sometimes considered a simplified, modern version of the language.
2069:
has been significant at all stages of its insular development. In the
1631:
Some colleges and universities have adopted Latin mottos, for example
1369:
meaning "Out of many, one". The motto continues to be featured on the
613:
is more often studied to be read rather than spoken or actively used.
11140:
11135:
11095:
11020:
10990:
10970:
10847:
10787:
10697:
10647:
10642:
10567:
10527:
10415:
10385:
10194:
10069:
9862:
9746:
9721:
9600:
9249:
9179:
8733:
7823:
Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association
7226:
6689:
5633:
5315:
5043:
is declined like a regular second-declension masculine noun (such as
4776:
4577:
4466:
A modern Latin text written in the Old Roman Cursive inspired by the
4108:
4099:
4037:. The number of syllables is the same as the number of vowel sounds.
3759:
2445:
2054:
1920:
1782:
QDP Ep 84 – De Ludo "Mysterium": A Latin-language podcast from the US
1255:
1191:
1133:
1045:
714:
575:
548:
528:
477:
282:
250:
232:
214:
162:
50:
7980:
Language Visible: Unraveling the Mystery of the Alphabet from A to Z
6391:
Language Visible: Unraveling the Mystery of the Alphabet from A to Z
5725:
3817:
also represented a sequence of two vowels in different syllables in
973:
for example saw Latin as a literary version of the spoken language.
624:, along with a large number of others, and historically contributed
11100:
11085:
11075:
11060:
10975:
10965:
10935:
10925:
10920:
10910:
10812:
10727:
10607:
10592:
10522:
10502:
10492:
10487:
10467:
10266:
9847:
9811:
9701:
9628:
9460:
8983:
8936:
8862:
8782:
7834:
6247:
6126:
6112:
4278:
ceased to be included in the alphabet, as the language then had no
4030:
3262:
2392:
2235:
is a major supplier of Latin textbooks for all levels, such as the
2180:
1924:
1853:
1654:
1510:
1454:
1434:
1422:
1223:
1179:
1107:
1099:
1086:
970:
808:
796:
648:
590:
463:
360:
8801:
7284:
7156:
Ordered Profusion; studies in dictionaries and the English lexicon
5326:(first, second and third), two numbers (singular and plural), two
5055:
is declined like a regular second-declension neuter noun (such as
4470:, the oldest surviving handwritten documents in Britain. The word
1363:
In the United States the unofficial national motto until 1956 was
1258:
are taught in Latin, and papers are written in the same language.
811:
schools. Today's instructional grammars trace their roots to such
777:
script to what ultimately became a strictly left-to-right script.
605:. The church continues to adapt concepts from modern languages to
11120:
11115:
11105:
11070:
11065:
11055:
11000:
10985:
10802:
10797:
10782:
10752:
10707:
10687:
10667:
10622:
10354:
10209:
9988:
9796:
9791:
9681:
8755:
8500:
8479:
8438:
Identifies Latin words entered. Translates English words entered.
4585:
4295:
3391:
2462:
2350:
2324:
2240:
1987:
1908:
1638:
1384:
830:
804:
758:
754:
745:, traditionally founded in 753 BC, through the later part of the
629:
544:
540:
356:
9128:
8465:". Online lemmatizer and morphological analysis for Latin texts.
8110:
Bergin, Thomas G; Law, Jonathan; Speake, Jennifer, eds. (2004).
7382:"Open University Undergraduate Course – Reading classical Latin"
7360:"University of Cambridge School Classics Project – Latin Course"
7359:
2138:
as a whole. Latin law principles have survived partly in a long
1098:
and others. Nevertheless, despite the careful work of Petrarch,
11130:
11010:
10940:
10880:
10875:
10842:
10602:
10587:
10537:
10517:
9939:
9816:
9711:
8845:
8424:
Displays conjugation of verbs entered in their infinitive form.
7714:. LaFleur, Richard A. (7th ed.). New York: HarperCollins.
7598:
The Other Prussia: Royal Prussia, Poland and Liberty, 1569–1772
6213:
List of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names
5319:
5311:
4396:
3455:
2384:
1522:
1408:
1348:
1070:, or New Latin, which have in recent decades become a focus of
840:
829:
Philological analysis of Archaic Latin works, such as those of
566:
as a working and literary language from the 9th century to the
423:
324:
69:
4967:("at home") differs from the standard form of all other cases.
2126:. Roman medicine, recorded in the works of such physicians as
1594:("Through adversity/struggle to the stars"), the motto of the
1543:
Many military organizations today have Latin mottos, such as:
719:
10915:
10637:
9656:
8548:. The Latin Mass Society of England and Wales. Archived from
8360:"Online Latin Dictionary with conjugator and declension tool"
7769:"On the Evolution of Short High Vowels of Latin into Romance"
7312:"Latin is now fourth most-taught language in primary schools"
5673:
4806:
4462:
4376:
4291:
4076:
In a word with more than two syllables, there are two cases.
4034:
3470:
3413:
2782:
2127:
2116:
of plant and animal classification was heavily influenced by
769:. The writing later changed from what was initially either a
431:
427:
8085:
Vox Latina – a Guide to the Pronunciation of Classical Latin
5302:(indicative, imperative and subjunctive, in addition to the
4981:
can mean either "the boy is running" or "a boy is running".
4360:
were sometimes used to distinguish length in vowels and the
3382:
did not exist as a letter distinct from V; the written form
11125:
10692:
10632:
10214:
9590:
8139:
Studies in the Latin of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance
7426:
6620:. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. pp. 13–15.
5345:
The second principal part is the present active infinitive.
4708:
The fourth declension, with a predominant ending letter of
4686:
The second declension, with a predominant ending letter of
4581:
4299:
1852:
are direct descendants of Latin. There are also many Latin
727:, probably the oldest extant Latin inscription, from Rome,
435:
54:
8204:. New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Private Ltd.
7190:
Loanwords in the World's Languages: A Comparative Handbook
7071:"Active Latin at Jesus College – Oxford Latinitas Project"
5031:
is declined like a regular first-declension noun (such as
4901:) in the vocative singular: "Master!" shouted the slave. (
4719:
The fifth declension, with a predominant ending letter of
4697:
The third declension, with a predominant ending letter of
4675:
The first declension, with a predominant ending letter of
2312:
Latin was or is the official language of European states:
359:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
9686:
8709:
8521:
4033:
in Latin are signified by the presence of diphthongs and
1791:
8242:
Holmes, Urban Tigner; Schultz, Alexander Herman (1938).
7153:
6493:"History of Europe – Barbarian migrations and invasions"
5007:
Latin numbers are sometimes declined as adjectives. See
4775:
when it is translated into Latin. It also indicates the
4107:, from the 6th century BC, is one of the earliest known
3695:
does not exist in English, closest approximation is the
3681:
does not exist in English, closest approximation is the
3462:. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a
2768:
between vowels, in accordance with its pronunciation in
2093:
English words are of Latin origin through the medium of
1347:("No land further beyond", "No further!"). According to
8656:
LINGVA LATINA PER SE ILLVSTRATA – Pars I FAMILIA ROMANA
8442:
8087:(2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
7821:
Husband, Richard (1910). "The Diphthong -ui in Latin".
7804:
7802:
7800:
4506:
Occasionally, Latin has been written in other scripts:
2434:
Audio of a person with a German accent reading in Latin
1651:
Switzerland has adopted the country's Latin short name
1465:("The health of the people should be the highest law");
562:
was used across Western and Catholic Europe during the
8675:
LINGVA LATINA PER SE ILLVSTRATA - Pars II ROMA AETERNA
8309:
A Manual of Latin Word Formation for Secondary Schools
5603:"actor". Latin also included vocabulary borrowed from
3809:
The sequences sometimes did not represent diphthongs.
1923:. They are in part the subject matter of the field of
1676:
Some film and television in ancient settings, such as
7709:
6523:(1st ed.). New York: Harper & Row. pp.
4200:
4196:
4192:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4168:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4132:
4128:
4124:
4120:
2203:. This book, first published in 1956, was written by
2172:
are the two closest contemporary languages to Latin.
2060:
921:
Lexical changes from Classical Latin to Proto-Romance
8223:. Translated by Wright, Roger. University Park, PA:
7797:
6882:""Does Anybody Know What 'Veritas' Is?" | Gene Fant"
6094:
5137:
A regular verb in Latin belongs to one of four main
4328:
only during the late Middle Ages, as was the letter
3728:
at the end of a word, or a vowel letter followed by
3386:
was used to represent both a vowel and a consonant.
2331:
from the 11th century to the mid 19th century, when
1026:
1020:
8691:
7705:
7703:
7701:
7699:
7697:
7695:
7693:
7691:
7493:"Croatian declared official language 174 years ago"
6358:
Collier's Encyclopedia: With Bibliography and Index
5690:, "all-powerful", was produced from the adjectives
4316:in Germanic languages, not Latin, which still uses
3126:Sometimes at the beginning of a syllable, or after
2369:), Croatia – date from 19 April 1273. An extensive
570:, which then developed a classicizing form, called
8457:(4th ed.). Glasgow: Hutchison & Brookman.
4723:, is signified by the genitive singular ending of
4712:, is signified by the genitive singular ending of
4701:, is signified by the genitive singular ending of
4690:, is signified by the genitive singular ending of
4679:, is signified by the genitive singular ending of
4494:. Most notable is the fact that while most of the
4065:There are two rules that define which syllable is
2423:A person with an American accent speaking in Latin
323:Greatest extent of the Roman Empire under Emperor
108:As a native language, from the 7th century BC to
8744:. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). pp. 244–257.
6777:L'Annuaire du Collège de France. Cours et travaux
5249:, "to attempt". The stem categories descend from
5115:"puero" being the ablative form of "puer". A few
1606:("We stand on guard for thee"), the motto of the
11299:
7942:
7940:
7688:
7287:. The Official Wheelock's Latin Series Website.
6833:"Pope's Latinist pronounces death of a language"
5338:). Verbs are described by four principal parts:
1351:, this phrase was inscribed as a warning on the
693:refers to the styles used by the writers of the
8637:Lehmann, Winifred P.; Slocum, Jonathan (2008).
8112:Encyclopedia of the Renaissance and Reformation
8109:
7338:"Why Latin should not become extinct in school"
6934:"Finnish broadcaster ends Latin news bulletins"
6758:
6742:
6726:
6611:
6609:
6574:Posner, Rebecca; Sala, Marius (1 August 2019).
6223:List of Latin translations of modern literature
4529:to Latin in Latin script and to Latin in runes.
4312:in some areas and uu in others. It represented
2258:, a number of independent schools, for example
8202:The Alphabet – A Key to the History of Mankind
7285:"The Official Wheelock's Latin Series Website"
6926:
4955:, "at Athens"). In the fourth-declension word
2207:, who received a PhD from Harvard University.
9356:
9144:
8878:
8810:= news in Latin of the universe (whole world)
8724:
8636:
8241:
8010:
7964:
7937:
7047:(in Latin). 13 September 2015. Archived from
4419:It would be rendered in a modern edition as:
3930:usually monophthongized to a later Old Latin
3248:
3158:Sometimes at the beginning of a syllable, as
1743:
1735:
1090:versions of authors' works were published by
8840:Classics Podcasts in Latin and Ancient Greek
8677:. Hackett Publishing Company, Incorporated.
8526:Latin Latin Course on YouTube and audiobooks
8006:
8004:
7960:
7958:
7592:
7590:
6606:
6520:The story of Latin and the Romance languages
6274:"Why is Latin a dead language? | Britannica"
6228:List of Latin words with English derivatives
5177:, "to exhort"; of the second conjugation by
4750:. The thing or person acting: the girl ran:
4290:were later added to represent Greek letters
2360:Congregatio Regni totius Sclavonie generalis
1998:
1751:
1035:
8805:
8751:"Latin Pronunciation (for Classical Latin)"
8519:
7951:(7th ed.). New York: CollinsReference.
7432:
7335:
7154:Finkenstaedt, Thomas; Dieter Wolff (1973).
6773:"The Roles of Latin in Early Modern Europe"
6055:
6047:
6034:
6017:
6001:
5986:
5971:
5956:
5937:
5918:
5903:
5888:
5873:
5854:
5838:
5822:
5806:
5754:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
5707:
5697:
5691:
5685:
5652:
5646:
5637:
5627:
5621:
5615:
5598:
5592:
5244:
5238:
5232:
5226:
5220:
5214:
5208:
5202:
5196:
5190:
5184:
5178:
5172:
5166:
5160:
5154:
5148:
5142:
5092:
5086:
5072:
5056:
5050:
5044:
5038:
5032:
5026:
5020:
4976:
4962:
4956:
4950:
4944:
4938:
4932:
4926:
4920:
4914:
4902:
4896:
4895:), as distinct from the nominative plural (
4890:
4884:
4878:
4872:
4866:
4860:
4854:
4842:
4822:
4810:
4794:
4793:) The master of the slave had beaten him. (
4788:
4757:
4751:
4652:
4646:
4640:
4634:
4628:
4452:
4440:
4428:
3921:
3915:
3874:
3868:
3862:
3856:
3850:
3844:
3838:
3824:
3818:
3797:
3791:
3785:
3779:
3745:
3449:
3407:
3242:
3186:
3085:
3064:
2364:
2358:
2077:in the 6th century or indirectly after the
2042:
2024:
1896:
1760:
1715:
1668:
1652:
1636:
1623:("Justice, peace, work"), the motto of the
1618:
1601:
1587:
1561:
1547:
1532:
1514:
1500:
1486:
1472:
1458:
1438:
1426:
1412:
1400:
1388:
1342:
1330:
1321:
1301:
1279:
1231:
1014:
1008:
834:
388:
373:
16:Indo-European language of the Italic branch
11308:Languages attested from the 7th century BC
9363:
9349:
9151:
9137:
8885:
8871:
8710:"Phonetica Latinae-How to pronounce Latin"
8318:New comparative grammar of Greek and Latin
8261:Knight, Sarah; Tilg, Stefan, eds. (2015).
8260:
8141:. Lancaster: The New Era Printing Company.
7643:New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin
6818:
6671:
6573:
1440:Si quaeris peninsulam amoenam, circumspice
1288:
1178:are in English and Latin, as a tribute to
886:the same formal rules as Classical Latin.
647:are heavily used in English vocabulary in
317:
43:
8816:, archived copy of online Latin newspaper
8622:(3rd ed.). University of Cambridge.
8163:
8001:
7955:
7766:
7587:
7464:
5774:Learn how and when to remove this message
5201:, "to fear;" of the third conjugation by
4971:Latin lacks both definite and indefinite
4348:Classical Latin did not contain sentence
4119:Latin was written in the Latin alphabet (
4053:Syllables in Latin are considered either
3953:Diphthongs classified by beginning sound
3708:This difference in quality is posited by
1250:that gives instructions in Latin. In the
8292:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
8199:
7946:
7916:
7904:
7887:
7875:
7309:
6958:(in Latin). Radio Bremen. Archived from
6770:
6516:
6361:. Collier. 1 January 1958. p. 412.
6343:
6203:List of Greek and Latin roots in English
5000:forms. There are also a number of Latin
4871:in the vocative singular. If it ends in
4633:, "he/she/it will love", is formed from
4547:
4517:The rear panel of the early 8th-century
4461:
4098:
2772:. In Classical Latin poetry, the letter
2437:
2426:
2409:
2327:– Latin was an official language in the
2179:
2099:
2057:. About 270,000 inscriptions are known.
1887:
1769:
1264:
1169:
1049:
986:
718:
676:
49:Latin inscription on a stone inside the
9370:
8795:
8748:
8615:
8594:
8180:
8022:
7900:
7898:
7896:
7820:
7676:
7282:
7109:
6615:
6600:
5684:. For example, the compound adjective,
5017:First- and second-declension adjectives
4336:. Although some Latin dictionaries use
2149:have been heavily influenced by Latin.
1947:Latin translations of modern literature
442:it became the dominant language in the
353:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
11300:
8672:
8653:
8583:The National Archives (United Kingdom)
8450:
8315:
8218:
8025:"Latin at the End of the Imperial Age"
7742:
7639:
7181:
6980:
6479:
6467:
6455:
6436:
6297:
4645:and a third person singular morpheme,
4521:has an inscription that switches from
4501:
3444:was written using a taller version of
3421:Classical Latin distinguished between
2184:A multivolume Latin dictionary in the
2108:The influence of Roman governance and
1714:. The libretto for the opera-oratorio
1568:("always faithful"), the motto of the
1182:'s role as one of the outposts of the
749:, up to 75 BC, i.e. before the age of
689:In addition to the historical phases,
438:, Italy. Through the expansion of the
9344:
9132:
8866:
8540:
8432:. Notre Dame Archives. Archived from
8427:
8306:
8265:. New York: Oxford University Press.
8136:
8082:
8065:
8053:
7976:
7863:
7808:
7754:
7710:Wheelock, Frederic M. (7 June 2011).
7682:
7660:from the original on 9 November 2016.
7627:
6830:
6387:
6316:
6068:, begins with the following passage:
5591:words into their language, including
4482:script is commonly found on the many
4364:was used at times to separate words.
4308:was created in the 11th century from
2470:
2353:– Latin was the official language of
1147:
418:. Latin was originally spoken by the
393:
382:
8892:
8858:Latinitas Foundation, at the Vatican
8588:
8320:. New York: Oxford University Press.
8287:
8145:
7893:
7670:
7600:, Cambridge University Press, 2000,
7465:Zemplényi, Lili (13 November 2023).
7336:Breitenbach, Dagmar (27 July 2023).
7291:from the original on 8 February 2011
6845:from the original on 26 August 2009.
6710:
6634:
6418:
5752:adding citations to reliable sources
5719:
5702:, "powerful", by dropping the final
5291:, "to happen"; and their compounds.
4324:was distinguished from the original
4270:, which had previously been spelled
3433:, which was sometimes similar to an
1646:
1419:("Through hardships, to the stars");
1376:Several states of the United States
1210:. Latin remains the language of the
1140:documents were written in French (a
991:The Latin Malmesbury Bible from 1407
908:
634:Christianization of the Anglo-Saxons
8707:
8641:. The University of Texas at Austin
8601:(2nd ed.). Project Gutenberg.
8225:Pennsylvania State University Press
7931:Webster's II new college dictionary
7527:. 30 September 2016. Archived from
7467:"The Day of the Hungarian Language"
7408:"The Latin Programme – Via Facilis"
7225:
7196:. Walter de Gruyter. 2009. p.
6995:from the original on 3 January 2011
6517:Pei, Mario; Gaeng, Paul A. (1976).
5165:(active and passive respectively):
4207:, which was in turn drawn from the
3806:were to be considered a diphthong.
3429:, were frequently marked using the
2465:of Classical Latin are as follows:
1625:Department of Justice (Philippines)
1580:("always above"), the motto of the
1554:("always ready"), the motto of the
1204:Second Vatican Council of 1962–1965
13:
8495:Free 47-Lesson Online Latin Course
8380:
8339:"Latin Dictionary Headword Search"
7983:. London: Broadway Books. p.
7414:from the original on 29 April 2014
7388:from the original on 27 April 2014
7207:from the original on 26 March 2017
6944:from the original on 25 June 2019.
6831:Moore, Malcolm (28 January 2007).
6652:from the original on 12 March 2011
6642:"Incunabula Short Title Catalogue"
6541:
6394:. London: Broadway Books. p.
6365:from the original on 21 April 2016
6172:International Roman Law Moot Court
5651:(beaver), of Germanic origin, and
4991:Latin declension § Adjectives
4302:respectively, in Greek loanwords.
2785:⟨u⟩. Together they make a sound.
2307:
2061:Influence on present-day languages
1238:, and the working language of the
799:men, who wrote the great works of
780:
476:, with classes of inflections for
14:
11374:
9158:
8331:
8326:
8029:Manuel pratique de latin médiéval
7933:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 1999.
7310:Woolcock, Nicola (29 June 2023).
7021:from the original on 18 July 2010
6981:Dymond, Jonny (24 October 2006).
6908:"La Moncloa. Símbolos del Estado"
6547:
5562:
3366:
3361:
3347:
3342:
3333:
3328:
3316:
3311:
3302:
3297:
2749:
2740:
2733:
2709:
2688:
2678:
2671:
2657:
2644:
2637:
2612:
2586:
2579:
2570:
2563:
2545:
2538:
2529:
2522:
2268:Haberdashers' Aske's Boys' School
2147:international auxiliary languages
1734:and grammar schools, the Italian
1673:, the country's full Latin name.
1405:("He who transplanted sustains");
1355:, the rocks on both sides of the
1246:is also home to the world's only
1206:, which permitted the use of the
1054:Most 15th-century printed books (
976:
839:, "the speech of the masses", by
8749:Ranieri, Luke (31 August 2018).
8311:. New York: D.C. Heath & Co.
8263:The Oxford Handbook of Neo-Latin
8244:A History of the French Language
6162:Greek and Latin roots in English
6125:
6111:
6097:
6003:quīngentī, quīngentae, quīngenta
5724:
3425:. Then, long vowels, except for
3273:
2377:
2343:
2317:
2288:National Senior Classical League
2284:National Junior Classical League
1809:has more than 130,000 articles.
1165:
446:and subsequently throughout the
8848:(Flock of those Speaking Latin)
8362:. Olivetti Media Communication.
8083:Allen, William Sidney (1978) .
8075:
8059:
8047:
8016:
7970:
7922:
7910:
7881:
7869:
7857:
7814:
7760:
7748:
7736:
7664:
7633:
7621:
7570:
7553:
7543:
7511:
7485:
7458:
7438:"Does Latin "train the brain"?"
7400:
7374:
7352:
7329:
7303:
7276:
7267:
7257:
7247:
7219:
7172:
7147:
7141:"List of words of Latin origin"
7133:
7084:
7063:
7033:
7007:
6974:
6948:
6900:
6874:
6849:
6824:
6807:
6771:Helander, Hans (1 April 2012).
6764:
6748:
6732:
6716:
6704:
6677:
6664:
6593:
6567:
6510:
6485:
6473:
6461:
6449:
6042:
5382:) persons except for emphasis.
5109:
4812:Mercātor fēminae stolam trādit.
4796:Dominus servī eum verberāverat.
2406:Latin phonology and orthography
2036:
2014:How the Grinch Stole Christmas!
1712:songs written with Latin lyrics
1431:("Nothing without providence");
818:
9319:Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum
9072:, transitional or independent)
8852:Circulus Latinus Interretialis
8516:, Compiled by Fr. Gary Coulter
8408:"Online Latin Verb Conjugator"
8353:An Elementary Latin Dictionary
7947:Wheelock, Frederic M. (2011).
6983:"Finland makes Latin the King"
6430:
6412:
6381:
6349:
6337:
6322:
6310:
6291:
6266:
5811:(masculine, feminine, neuter)
5100:
4454:Lúgéte, ó Venerés Cupídinésque
4442:Lūgēte, ō Venerēs Cupīdinēsque
4430:Lugete, o Veneres Cupidinesque
4412:lv́géte·ó·venerés·cupidinésqve
4379:") was originally written as:
4343:
4088:
3906:, except in a few words whose
3831:⟨au ui eu ei ou⟩
3483:Pronunciation of Latin vowels
2045:Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum
2023:, and a book of fairy tales, "
1860:, as well as a few in German,
1539:("Mountaineers always free").
1493:("To be rather than to seem");
1316:is modelled after the British
1226:, the primary language of its
1062:playing only a secondary role.
531:had evolved into standardized
1:
11363:Subject–object–verb languages
8828:, monthly review from German
8595:Bennett, Charles E. (2005) .
8510:Grammar, vocabulary and audio
8347:Searches Lewis & Short's
8307:Jenks, Paul Rockwell (1911).
8185:. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill.
8181:Deneire, Thomas, ed. (2014).
8137:Clark, Victor Selden (1900).
7443:The Times Literary Supplement
7045:Circulus Latínus Londiniénsis
6759:Bergin, Law & Speake 2004
6743:Bergin, Law & Speake 2004
6727:Bergin, Law & Speake 2004
6259:
5578:
5573:hortor, hortārī, hortātus sum
5330:(active and passive) and two
5225:, "to use"; of the fourth by
4984:
4474:('Romans') is at bottom left.
3926:"to punish". Early Old Latin
3753:
3398:, but it was pronounced like
3253:) is pronounced as a doubled
2456:
2301:The Times Literary Supplement
1883:
1461:Salus populi suprema lex esto
1308:("from sea to sea") and most
874:
728:
512:is directly derived from the
328:
109:
9935:Frontiers and fortifications
8776:
8701:
8692:Allen and Greenough (1903).
7473:. Budapest: BL Nonprofit Ltd
7283:LaFleur, Richard A. (2011).
6300:A companion to Latin studies
6050:Commentarii de Bello Gallico
5788:Latin numerals (linguistics)
5585:Proto-Indo-European language
5009:
4742:– used when the noun is the
4025:
3758:Classical Latin had several
2448:read in Ecclesiastical Latin
2399:
2175:
1899:Commentarii de Bello Gallico
1507:("While I breathe, I hope");
708:
310:-ab, -ac 51-AAB-aa, -ab, -ac
202:Pontifical Academy for Latin
7:
9994:Decorations and punishments
9113:; Latin is still used as a
8658:. Museum Tusculanum Press.
8573:Latin course: Ludus Latinus
8489:Linguistics Research Center
8290:A Latin reader for colleges
8165:10.22210/suvlin.2022.093.01
7646:. Oxford University Press.
7410:. Thelatinprogramme.co.uk.
6618:Documents in medieval Latin
6304:University of Chicago Press
6298:Sandys, John Edwin (1910).
6208:List of Latin abbreviations
6199:(Latin without Inflections)
6090:
5607:, another Italic language.
5336:perfective and imperfective
5065:Third-declension adjectives
4998:comparative and superlative
4402:lv́géteóveneréscupIdinésqve
4389:lv́géteóveneréscupidinésqve
4111:texts. It was found on the
3762:. The two most common were
3724:A vowel letter followed by
3076:In all other positions, as
2827:except in the combinations
2796:did not exist. In place of
2246:In the United Kingdom, the
2130:, established that today's
2031:Meissner's Latin Phrasebook
1691:Barbarians (2020 TV series)
462:, science, scholarship and
460:international communication
10:
11379:
10901:Dionysius of Halicarnassus
9476:historiography of the fall
9105:(and its descendants, the
8822:, from Finnish YLE Radio 1
8804:, online Latin newspaper:
8520:der Millner, Evan (2007).
8469:
8288:Levy, Harry Louis (1973).
7767:Calabrese, Andrea (2003).
7640:Sihler, Andrew L. (1995).
7233:. Lippincott. p. 28.
5785:
5715:
5126:
4988:
4904:"Domine!" clāmāvit servus.
4664:
4639:, a future tense morpheme
4537:
4533:
4092:
3941:By the late Roman Empire,
3438:⟨Á É Ó V́ Ý⟩
3414:
2815:in place of Classical-era
2403:
2233:Cambridge University Press
2186:University of Graz Library
2067:Latin influence in English
1570:United States Marine Corps
1151:
1058:) were in Latin, with the
1039:
980:
950:(Roman Catholic) culture.
918:
912:
878:
822:
784:
734:during the semi-legendary
712:
670:
666:
25:
18:
11358:Languages of Vatican City
11282:External wars and battles
11149:
11043:
10856:
10448:
10441:
10363:
10275:
10180:
10055:
10007:
9885:
9835:
9774:
9765:
9647:
9599:
9519:
9436:
9406:
9397:
9379:
9278:
9167:
9095:
9079:
9041:
8946:
8900:
8619:A student's Latin Grammar
8514:Latin Links and Resources
8487:(free online through the
8316:Sihler, Andrew L (2008).
8246:. New York: Biblo-Moser.
8200:Diringer, David (1996) .
8011:Holmes & Schultz 1938
7965:Holmes & Schultz 1938
7776:University of Connecticut
7615:15 September 2015 at the
7125:27 September 2021 at the
7017:(in Latin). YLE Radio 1.
6785:10.4000/annuaire-cdf.1783
5642:(craft) and τέχνη (art).
5397:
5394:
5391:
4280:voiced alveolar fricative
4060:
4048:
4010:
3673:
3642:
3607:
3572:
3537:
3502:
3474:⟨ă ĕ ĭ ŏ ŭ⟩
3467:⟨ā ē ī ō ū⟩
3390:was adopted to represent
3268:
3150:
3039:
2984:
2937:
2823:for the consonant sounds
2804:were used, respectively;
2775:
2725:
2701:
2665:
2596:
2509:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2371:Croatian Latin literature
2280:American Classical League
2140:list of Latin legal terms
1812:
1685:The Passion of the Christ
1582:United States Space Force
1556:United States Coast Guard
1036:Renaissance and Neo-Latin
632:, particularly after the
578:which evolved during the
574:. This was the basis for
384:[ˈlɪŋɡʷaɫaˈtiːna]
339:
316:
302:
280:
264:
248:
230:
212:
207:
195:
190:
169:
155:
116:
104:
83:
62:
42:
37:
8726:Wilkins, Augustus Samuel
7878:, pp. 451, 493, 530
7596:Karin Friedrich et al.,
6861:University Church Oxford
6142:Accademia Vivarium Novum
5122:
5022:mortuus, mortua, mortuum
4790:Poculum plēnum vīnī est.
4660:
4255:, and most languages in
3772:⟨ui eu ei⟩
2829:⟨gu su qu⟩
2272:Merchant Taylors' School
1982:The Adventures of Tintin
1933:Harvard University Press
1254:postgraduate courses of
1248:automatic teller machine
1186:, as the eastern end of
955:Muslim conquest of Spain
26:Not to be confused with
11277:Roman–Iranian relations
9752:Optimates and populares
8939:? (possibly not Italic)
8854:(Internet Latin Circle)
8741:Encyclopædia Britannica
8616:Griffin, Robin (1992).
8575:(Bibliotheca Augustana)
8399:"Latin Verb Conjugator"
8369:"Latin Word Study Tool"
8219:Herman, József (2000).
6580:Encyclopædia Britannica
6497:Encyclopedia Britannica
6243:Romanization (cultural)
6233:List of Latinised names
4266:was added to represent
3265:, as in that example.)
3247:"year" (and in Italian
2790:uppercase and lowercase
2252:University of Cambridge
2075:Augustine of Canterbury
1941:Oxford University Press
1670:Confoederatio Helvetica
1661:four official languages
1402:Qui transtulit sustinet
1314:Canadian Victoria Cross
1312:are also in Latin. The
1289:Use of Latin for mottos
1252:pontifical universities
803:, which were taught in
609:of the Latin language.
535:. Vulgar Latin was the
408:Indo-European languages
11287:Civil wars and revolts
10553:Sextus Pompeius Festus
10200:Conflict of the Orders
9559:Legislative assemblies
8846:Grex Latine Loquentium
8807:nuntii latini universi
8806:
8735:"Latin Language"
8730:Conway, Robert Seymour
8023:Norberg, Dag (2004) .
7524:Croatian National Bank
7471:Hungarian Conservative
6819:Knight & Tilg 2015
6672:Knight & Tilg 2015
6088:
6075:
6056:
6048:
6035:
6018:
6002:
5987:
5972:
5957:
5938:
5919:
5904:
5889:
5874:
5855:
5839:
5823:
5807:
5708:
5698:
5692:
5686:
5653:
5647:
5638:
5628:
5622:
5616:
5599:
5593:
5245:
5239:
5233:
5227:
5221:
5215:
5209:
5203:
5197:
5191:
5185:
5179:
5173:
5167:
5161:
5155:
5149:
5143:
5093:
5087:
5073:
5057:
5051:
5045:
5039:
5033:
5027:
5021:
4977:
4963:
4957:
4951:
4945:
4939:
4933:
4927:
4921:
4915:
4903:
4897:
4891:
4885:
4883:), the ending is just
4879:
4873:
4867:
4861:
4855:
4844:Cum puerō ambulāvistī.
4843:
4823:
4811:
4795:
4789:
4758:
4752:
4653:
4647:
4641:
4635:
4629:
4594:) and verbs to denote
4553:
4475:
4453:
4441:
4429:
4249:Austronesian languages
4116:
3922:
3916:
3875:
3869:
3863:
3857:
3851:
3845:
3839:
3825:
3819:
3798:
3792:
3786:
3780:
3746:
3740:, represented a short
3450:
3408:
3249:
3243:
3207:A letter representing
3187:
3086:
3065:
2449:
2435:
2424:
2365:
2359:
2237:Cambridge Latin Course
2225:University of Kentucky
2189:
2136:scientific terminology
2105:
2043:
2025:
1999:
1937:Oxford Classical Texts
1929:Loeb Classical Library
1916:
1897:
1794:radio in Finland (the
1783:
1761:
1752:
1744:
1736:
1716:
1669:
1653:
1637:
1619:
1602:
1588:
1562:
1548:
1533:
1515:
1501:
1487:
1473:
1459:
1439:
1427:
1413:
1401:
1389:
1343:
1331:
1322:
1302:
1285:
1280:
1234:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
1232:
1195:
1176:Wallsend Metro station
1063:
1027:
1021:
1015:
1009:
992:
835:
738:
701:onward, as well as by
682:
389:
374:
341:This article contains
21:Latin (disambiguation)
11343:Languages of Portugal
10996:Simplicius of Cilicia
10748:Quintus Curtius Rufus
9977:Siege in Ancient Rome
9586:Executive magistrates
9087:Proto-Italic language
8673:Ørberg, Hans (2007).
8654:Ørberg, Hans (1991).
8541:Byrne, Carol (1999).
8451:Dymock, John (1830).
8152:Suvremena Lingvistika
7977:Sacks, David (2003).
7584:, Google Print, p.115
6616:Elabani, Moe (1998).
6437:Monroe, Paul (1902).
6388:Sacks, David (2003).
6218:List of Latin phrases
6083:
6070:
5786:Further information:
5567:Some Latin verbs are
5294:There are six simple
5049:(lord, master)), and
4961:, the locative form,
4551:
4465:
4102:
3943:⟨ae oe⟩
3902:changed to Classical
3770:was fairly rare, and
3764:⟨ae au⟩
3423:long and short vowels
2794:⟨J U W⟩
2444:
2433:
2422:
2248:Classical Association
2229:Iowa State University
2183:
2103:
2083:Anglo-Norman language
1891:
1781:
1608:Canadian Armed Forces
1535:Montani Semper Liberi
1344:Non terrae plus ultra
1268:
1173:
1083:Renaissance humanists
1053:
990:
953:It was not until the
765:was devised from the
722:
695:Roman Catholic Church
680:
454:, Latin remained the
11348:Languages of Romania
11328:Languages of Andorra
11006:Stephanus Byzantinus
10911:Eusebius of Caesaria
10773:Sidonius Apollinaris
10463:Ammianus Marcellinus
9802:Tribune of the plebs
9313:Latino sine flexione
9298:Ecclesiastical Latin
8796:Latin language media
8567:ecclesiastical Latin
8506:8 March 2022 at the
8428:Whittaker, William.
7567:, Google Print, p.48
7450:on 14 January 2012.
7041:"About us (English)"
6912:www.lamoncloa.gob.es
6857:"University Sermons"
6755:Neo-Latin literature
6686:"What is Neo-Latin?"
6441:. London, New York:
6197:Latino sine flexione
5748:improve this section
4748:predicate nominative
4651:, the last of which
4203:), derived from the
4069:in Classical Latin.
3378:In Classical Latin,
2363:) – held in Zagreb (
2205:Frederic M. Wheelock
2197:Instruction in Latin
2155:Latino sine Flexione
1449:St. Paul's Cathedral
1304:A mari usque ad mare
1190:(hence the name) at
1158:Ecclesiastical Latin
1060:vernacular languages
901:took its place, the
895:Western Roman Empire
801:classical literature
691:Ecclesiastical Latin
607:Ecclesiastical Latin
452:fall of Western Rome
19:For other uses, see
11333:Languages of France
11182:Distinguished women
10833:Velleius Paterculus
10673:Nicolaus Damascenus
10653:Marcellus Empiricus
10042:Republican currency
9115:liturgical language
9057:? (possibly Celtic)
8842:, Haverford College
8445:. Alpheios Project.
8375:. Tufts University.
8345:. Tufts University.
8146:Demo, Šime (2022).
7785:on 13 November 2012
7531:on 16 November 2017
7051:on 10 February 2023
6838:The Daily Telegraph
6576:"Romance Languages"
6443:Macmillan & Co.
6306:. pp. 811–812.
6105:Ancient Rome portal
6066:Gaius Julius Caesar
4824:Vir puerum necāvit.
4502:Alternative scripts
4213:Phoenician alphabet
4211:and ultimately the
3954:
3947:⟨e ē⟩
3484:
3241:in Classical Latin
2843:
2821:⟨j v⟩
2819:. Some systems use
2817:⟨i v⟩
2813:⟨j u⟩
2806:⟨I V⟩
2802:⟨I V⟩
2798:⟨J U⟩
2355:Croatian Parliament
2292:National Latin Exam
2132:medical terminology
2114:the Linnaean system
1667:, which stands for
1517:Sic semper tyrannis
1415:Ad astra per aspera
1357:Strait of Gibraltar
1353:Pillars of Hercules
858:and those found as
580:early modern period
537:colloquial register
395:[ɫaˈtiːnʊ̃]
11353:Languages of Spain
11338:Languages of Italy
11323:Fusional languages
10956:Phlegon of Tralles
10763:Seneca the Younger
10237:Naming conventions
9967:Personal equipment
9500:Later Roman Empire
9266:Contemporary Latin
8763:on 27 October 2021
8349:A Latin Dictionary
7630:, pp. viii–ix
7610:Google Print, p.88
7499:. 23 November 2021
7362:. Cambridgescp.com
6739:Criticism, textual
6599:See Introduction,
6550:"History of Latin"
6278:www.britannica.com
6157:Contemporary Latin
6152:Classical compound
6133:Catholicism portal
5667:Germanic languages
5360:for feminine and -
4554:
4496:Vindolanda tablets
4476:
4468:Vindolanda tablets
4367:The first line of
4352:, letter case, or
4257:sub-Saharan Africa
4117:
4105:Duenos Inscription
3952:
3928:⟨ei⟩
3912:⟨oe⟩
3908:⟨oi⟩
3900:⟨ou⟩
3896:⟨oi⟩
3892:⟨ae⟩
3888:⟨āī⟩
3884:⟨ai⟩
3815:⟨oe⟩
3811:⟨ae⟩
3804:⟨ui⟩
3776:⟨ui⟩
3768:⟨oe⟩
3482:
3394:in loanwords from
3096:⟨qu⟩
3049:⟨ll⟩
2841:
2792:, and the letters
2450:
2436:
2425:
2329:Kingdom of Hungary
2190:
2166:Sardinian language
2119:Historia Naturalis
2106:
2020:The Cat in the Hat
1917:
1784:
1633:Harvard University
1620:Justitiae Pax Opus
1590:Per ardua ad astra
1286:
1196:
1154:Contemporary Latin
1148:Contemporary Latin
1064:
993:
739:
683:
618:greatly influenced
611:Contemporary Latin
585:Latin remains the
400:classical language
11295:
11294:
11257:Pontifices maximi
11039:
11038:
10896:Diogenes Laërtius
10718:Pliny the Younger
10473:Asconius Pedianus
10433:Romance languages
10305:Civil engineering
10047:Imperial currency
9920:Political control
9881:
9880:
9515:
9514:
9338:
9337:
9308:Romance languages
9303:Neo-Latin studies
9273:
9272:
9234:Renaissance Latin
9126:
9125:
9107:Romance languages
8925:Romance languages
8814:Ephemeris archive
8783:The latin library
8708:Cui, Ray (2005).
8696:. Athanæum Press.
8694:New Latin Grammar
8684:978-1-58510-067-5
8629:978-0-521-38587-9
8608:978-1-176-19706-0
8598:New Latin Grammar
8589:Grammar and study
8476:Community courses
8383:"Latin Inflector"
8355:. Online results.
8253:978-0-8196-0191-9
8234:978-0-271-02000-6
8211:978-81-215-0748-6
8114:. Facts On File.
8094:978-0-521-22049-1
8068:, pp. 35, 40
7994:978-0-7679-1172-6
7721:978-0-06-199721-1
7685:, pp. 45, 46
7653:978-0-19-508345-3
7240:978-0-397-00400-3
7231:Story of Language
7165:978-3-533-02253-4
6692:on 9 October 2016
6627:978-0-472-08567-5
6534:978-0-06-013312-2
6445:pp. 346–352.
6405:978-0-7679-1172-6
6329:"Archaic Latin".
6031:
6030:
5947:
5928:
5864:
5784:
5783:
5776:
5560:
5559:
5133:Latin conjugation
4562:fusional language
4527:Anglo-Saxon runes
4460:
4459:
4417:
4416:
4354:interword spacing
4320:for the purpose.
4282:. The letters K,
4205:Etruscan alphabet
4023:
4022:
3936:⟨ī⟩
3932:⟨ē⟩
3920:"punishment" and
3910:became Classical
3904:⟨ū⟩
3890:became Classical
3886:and the sequence
3738:⟨f⟩
3734:⟨s⟩
3730:⟨n⟩
3726:⟨m⟩
3706:
3705:
3675:⟨y⟩
3644:⟨u⟩
3609:⟨o⟩
3574:⟨i⟩
3539:⟨e⟩
3504:⟨a⟩
3460:⟨ꟾ⟩
3446:⟨I⟩
3427:⟨i⟩
3404:⟨i⟩
3400:⟨u⟩
3388:⟨Y⟩
3384:⟨V⟩
3380:⟨U⟩
3376:
3375:
3231:
3230:
3213:⟨s⟩
3209:⟨c⟩
3201:⟨x⟩
3152:⟨i⟩
3132:⟨s⟩
3128:⟨g⟩
3120:⟨u⟩
3053:⟨i⟩
3041:⟨l⟩
3021:⟨g⟩
3017:⟨x⟩
3013:⟨c⟩
2986:⟨n⟩
2966:⟨n⟩
2939:⟨g⟩
2915:⟨s⟩
2891:⟨t⟩
2867:⟨k⟩
2863:⟨c⟩
2857:English examples
2833:⟨v⟩
2759:
2758:
2634:
2606:
2560:
2519:
2442:
2431:
2420:
2389:Kingdom of Poland
2026:fabulae mirabiles
1850:Romance languages
1779:
1746:liceo scientifico
1647:Other modern uses
1521:("Thus always to
1393:("God enriches");
1378:have Latin mottos
1310:provincial mottos
1042:Renaissance Latin
1002:Holy Roman Empire
915:Romance languages
909:Romance languages
899:Germanic kingdoms
869:Romance languages
849:Romance languages
767:Etruscan alphabet
587:official language
572:Renaissance Latin
450:. Even after the
444:Italian Peninsula
416:Romance Languages
414:evolved into the
402:belonging to the
367:
366:
349:rendering support
345:phonetic symbols.
197:Regulated by
11370:
11247:Magistri equitum
11162:Cities and towns
11155:
11081:Constantinopolis
10891:Diodorus Siculus
10823:Valerius Maximus
10758:Seneca the Elder
10678:Nonius Marcellus
10446:
10445:
9999:Hippika gymnasia
9962:Infantry tactics
9868:Consular tribune
9858:Magister equitum
9807:Military tribune
9772:
9771:
9732:Pontifex maximus
9727:Princeps senatus
9717:Magister militum
9483:Byzantine Empire
9404:
9403:
9365:
9358:
9351:
9342:
9341:
9288:Latin literature
9283:History of Latin
9262:
9246:
9192:
9170:
9169:
9153:
9146:
9139:
9130:
9129:
9099:Italic languages
8894:Italic languages
8887:
8880:
8873:
8864:
8863:
8809:
8772:
8770:
8768:
8759:. Archived from
8745:
8737:
8721:
8719:
8717:
8697:
8688:
8669:
8650:
8648:
8646:
8633:
8612:
8579:Beginners' Latin
8564:
8562:
8560:
8555:on 30 April 2011
8554:
8547:
8543:"Simplicissimus"
8537:
8535:
8533:
8458:
8446:
8437:
8436:on 18 June 2006.
8423:
8421:
8419:
8410:. Archived from
8402:
8393:
8391:
8389:
8376:
8363:
8346:
8321:
8312:
8303:
8284:
8257:
8238:
8215:
8196:
8177:
8167:
8142:
8133:
8106:
8069:
8063:
8057:
8056:, pp. 3, 46
8051:
8045:
8044:
8042:
8040:
8020:
8014:
8008:
7999:
7998:
7974:
7968:
7962:
7953:
7952:
7949:Wheelock's Latin
7944:
7935:
7934:
7926:
7920:
7914:
7908:
7902:
7891:
7885:
7879:
7873:
7867:
7866:, pp. 53–55
7861:
7855:
7854:
7818:
7812:
7811:, pp. 60–63
7806:
7795:
7794:
7792:
7790:
7784:
7778:. Archived from
7773:
7764:
7758:
7757:, pp. 33–34
7752:
7746:
7740:
7734:
7733:
7712:Wheelock's Latin
7707:
7686:
7680:
7674:
7668:
7662:
7661:
7637:
7631:
7625:
7619:
7594:
7585:
7574:
7568:
7557:
7551:
7547:
7541:
7540:
7538:
7536:
7515:
7509:
7508:
7506:
7504:
7489:
7483:
7482:
7480:
7478:
7462:
7456:
7455:
7446:. Archived from
7436:(10 July 2006).
7430:
7424:
7423:
7421:
7419:
7404:
7398:
7397:
7395:
7393:
7378:
7372:
7371:
7369:
7367:
7356:
7350:
7349:
7347:
7345:
7340:. Deutsche Welle
7333:
7327:
7326:
7324:
7322:
7307:
7301:
7300:
7298:
7296:
7280:
7274:
7271:
7265:
7261:
7255:
7251:
7245:
7244:
7223:
7217:
7216:
7214:
7212:
7206:
7195:
7185:
7179:
7176:
7170:
7169:
7151:
7145:
7144:
7137:
7131:
7113:
7107:
7106:
7104:
7102:
7088:
7082:
7081:
7079:
7077:
7067:
7061:
7060:
7058:
7056:
7037:
7031:
7030:
7028:
7026:
7011:
7005:
7004:
7002:
7000:
6978:
6972:
6971:
6969:
6967:
6952:
6946:
6945:
6940:. 24 June 2019.
6930:
6924:
6923:
6921:
6919:
6904:
6898:
6897:
6895:
6893:
6878:
6872:
6871:
6869:
6867:
6853:
6847:
6846:
6828:
6822:
6815:Political Action
6811:
6805:
6804:
6779:(111): 885–887.
6768:
6762:
6761:, pp. 338–9
6752:
6746:
6736:
6730:
6720:
6714:
6708:
6702:
6701:
6699:
6697:
6688:. Archived from
6681:
6675:
6668:
6662:
6661:
6659:
6657:
6638:
6632:
6631:
6613:
6604:
6603:, pp. 10–11
6597:
6591:
6590:
6588:
6586:
6571:
6565:
6564:
6562:
6560:
6548:Pulju, Timothy.
6545:
6539:
6538:
6514:
6508:
6507:
6505:
6503:
6489:
6483:
6477:
6471:
6470:, pp. 17–18
6465:
6459:
6453:
6447:
6446:
6434:
6428:
6427:
6416:
6410:
6409:
6385:
6379:
6378:
6372:
6370:
6353:
6347:
6346:, pp. 533–4
6341:
6335:
6334:
6326:
6320:
6314:
6308:
6307:
6295:
6289:
6288:
6286:
6284:
6270:
6135:
6130:
6129:
6121:
6116:
6115:
6107:
6102:
6101:
6100:
6059:
6057:De Bello Gallico
6053:
6038:
6021:
6005:
5990:
5975:
5960:
5945:
5941:
5926:
5922:
5907:
5892:
5877:
5862:
5858:
5842:
5826:
5810:
5803:
5802:
5796:as well as with
5779:
5772:
5768:
5765:
5759:
5728:
5720:
5711:
5701:
5695:
5689:
5656:
5650:
5641:
5631:
5625:
5620:(vaulted roof),
5619:
5612:Fall of Tarentum
5602:
5596:
5389:
5388:
5356:for masculine, -
5287:, "to be able";
5248:
5242:
5236:
5230:
5224:
5218:
5212:
5206:
5200:
5194:
5188:
5182:
5176:
5170:
5164:
5158:
5152:
5146:
5096:
5090:
5076:
5060:
5054:
5048:
5042:
5036:
5030:
5024:
4980:
4966:
4960:
4954:
4948:
4942:
4936:
4930:
4924:
4918:
4906:
4900:
4894:
4888:
4882:
4876:
4870:
4864:
4858:
4846:
4826:
4814:
4798:
4792:
4771:would be in the
4761:
4755:
4753:puella cucurrit,
4667:Latin declension
4656:
4650:
4644:
4638:
4632:
4512:Praeneste fibula
4456:
4444:
4432:
4422:
4421:
4413:
4408:with interpunct
4403:
4390:
4382:
4381:
4315:
4269:
4253:Turkic languages
4019:
4014:
4003:
3998:
3992:
3987:
3976:
3955:
3951:
3948:
3945:had merged with
3944:
3937:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3919:
3913:
3909:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3878:
3872:
3866:
3860:
3854:
3848:
3842:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3822:
3816:
3812:
3805:
3801:
3795:
3789:
3783:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3749:
3739:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3718:Andrea Calabrese
3676:
3645:
3610:
3575:
3540:
3505:
3498:modern examples
3485:
3481:
3475:
3468:
3461:
3453:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3428:
3417:
3416:
3411:
3405:
3401:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3370:
3365:
3351:
3346:
3337:
3332:
3320:
3315:
3306:
3301:
3278:
3277:
3256:
3252:
3246:
3226:
3214:
3210:
3202:
3194:
3190:
3184:
3173:
3165:
3153:
3145:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3121:
3113:
3097:
3089:
3068:
3054:
3050:
3042:
3034:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3003:
2987:
2979:
2967:
2956:
2940:
2932:
2916:
2908:
2892:
2884:
2868:
2864:
2844:
2840:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2779:
2777:
2763:
2753:
2744:
2737:
2713:
2692:
2682:
2675:
2661:
2648:
2641:
2630:
2616:
2602:
2590:
2583:
2574:
2567:
2556:
2549:
2542:
2533:
2526:
2515:
2468:
2467:
2443:
2432:
2421:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2368:
2362:
2349:
2347:
2346:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2209:Wheelock's Latin
2170:Standard Italian
2110:Roman technology
2048:
2028:
2004:
1902:
1780:
1766:
1758:
1749:
1741:
1721:
1672:
1658:
1642:
1622:
1605:
1603:Vigilamus pro te
1593:
1567:
1553:
1538:
1520:
1506:
1492:
1489:Esse Quam Videri
1479:("Ever upward");
1478:
1464:
1445:Christopher Wren
1442:
1430:
1418:
1404:
1392:
1346:
1336:
1325:
1307:
1283:
1237:
1142:Romance language
1030:
1024:
1018:
1012:
1004:and its allies.
897:fell in 476 and
838:
733:
730:
673:History of Latin
622:English language
397:
392:
386:
381:
377:
333:
330:
321:
312:
298:
292:
276:
260:
253:
244:
243:
235:
226:
225:
217:
175:
122:
111:
47:
35:
34:
11378:
11377:
11373:
11372:
11371:
11369:
11368:
11367:
11298:
11297:
11296:
11291:
11153:
11151:
11145:
11035:
10871:Aëtius of Amida
10852:
10838:Verrius Flaccus
10818:Valerius Antias
10778:Silius Italicus
10713:Pliny the Elder
10658:Marcus Aurelius
10533:Cornelius Nepos
10483:Aurelius Victor
10437:
10359:
10271:
10205:Secessio plebis
10176:
10051:
10003:
9877:
9831:
9761:
9643:
9595:
9511:
9432:
9393:
9375:
9369:
9339:
9334:
9274:
9269:
9264:
9260:
9253:
9248:
9244:
9237:
9232:
9224:
9219:
9211:
9206:
9198:
9195:Classical Latin
9193:
9188:
9183:
9178:
9163:
9157:
9127:
9122:
9119:Catholic Church
9091:
9075:
9049:Ancient Belgian
9037:
8942:
8902:Latino-Faliscan
8896:
8891:
8798:
8779:
8766:
8764:
8715:
8713:
8704:
8685:
8666:
8644:
8642:
8630:
8609:
8591:
8558:
8556:
8552:
8545:
8531:
8529:
8528:. Molendinarius
8508:Wayback Machine
8472:
8441:
8417:
8415:
8406:
8397:
8387:
8385:
8367:
8358:
8337:
8334:
8329:
8324:
8300:
8273:
8254:
8235:
8212:
8193:
8122:
8095:
8078:
8073:
8072:
8064:
8060:
8052:
8048:
8038:
8036:
8035:on 4 March 2016
8021:
8017:
8009:
8002:
7995:
7975:
7971:
7963:
7956:
7945:
7938:
7929:"Conjugation".
7928:
7927:
7923:
7915:
7911:
7903:
7894:
7886:
7882:
7874:
7870:
7862:
7858:
7819:
7815:
7807:
7798:
7788:
7786:
7782:
7771:
7765:
7761:
7753:
7749:
7741:
7737:
7722:
7708:
7689:
7681:
7677:
7669:
7665:
7654:
7638:
7634:
7626:
7622:
7617:Wayback Machine
7595:
7588:
7575:
7571:
7558:
7554:
7548:
7544:
7534:
7532:
7517:
7516:
7512:
7502:
7500:
7491:
7490:
7486:
7476:
7474:
7463:
7459:
7431:
7427:
7417:
7415:
7406:
7405:
7401:
7391:
7389:
7384:. .open.ac.uk.
7380:
7379:
7375:
7365:
7363:
7358:
7357:
7353:
7343:
7341:
7334:
7330:
7320:
7318:
7308:
7304:
7294:
7292:
7281:
7277:
7272:
7268:
7262:
7258:
7252:
7248:
7241:
7224:
7220:
7210:
7208:
7204:
7193:
7187:
7186:
7182:
7177:
7173:
7166:
7152:
7148:
7139:
7138:
7134:
7127:Wayback Machine
7114:
7110:
7100:
7098:
7090:
7089:
7085:
7075:
7073:
7069:
7068:
7064:
7054:
7052:
7039:
7038:
7034:
7024:
7022:
7015:"Nuntii Latini"
7013:
7012:
7008:
6998:
6996:
6979:
6975:
6965:
6963:
6962:on 18 June 2010
6954:
6953:
6949:
6932:
6931:
6927:
6917:
6915:
6906:
6905:
6901:
6891:
6889:
6880:
6879:
6875:
6865:
6863:
6855:
6854:
6850:
6829:
6825:
6813:Laureys, Marc,
6812:
6808:
6769:
6765:
6753:
6749:
6737:
6733:
6721:
6717:
6709:
6705:
6695:
6693:
6684:
6682:
6678:
6669:
6665:
6655:
6653:
6646:British Library
6640:
6639:
6635:
6628:
6614:
6607:
6598:
6594:
6584:
6582:
6572:
6568:
6558:
6556:
6554:Rice University
6546:
6542:
6535:
6515:
6511:
6501:
6499:
6491:
6490:
6486:
6478:
6474:
6466:
6462:
6454:
6450:
6435:
6431:
6420:Pope, Mildred K
6417:
6413:
6406:
6386:
6382:
6368:
6366:
6355:
6354:
6350:
6342:
6338:
6328:
6327:
6323:
6315:
6311:
6296:
6292:
6282:
6280:
6272:
6271:
6267:
6262:
6257:
6187:Latin obscenity
6182:Latin mnemonics
6147:Botanical Latin
6131:
6124:
6119:Language portal
6117:
6110:
6103:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6045:
6036:ūnus, duo, trēs
5808:ūnus, ūna, ūnum
5790:
5780:
5769:
5763:
5760:
5745:
5729:
5718:
5581:
5565:
5530:-eritis/-erītis
5527:-erimus/-erīmus
5515:Future Perfect
5371:tenses of Latin
5369:The six simple
5257:Irregular verbs
5135:
5127:Main articles:
5125:
5112:
5103:
4993:
4987:
4809:to the woman. (
4759:cucurrit puella
4669:
4663:
4546:
4538:Main articles:
4536:
4504:
4411:
4401:
4388:
4346:
4097:
4091:
4063:
4051:
4028:
4015:
3999:
3988:
3946:
3942:
3935:
3934:, to Classical
3931:
3927:
3911:
3907:
3903:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3867:"I destroyed",
3830:
3814:
3810:
3803:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3756:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3725:
3710:W. Sidney Allen
3674:
3654:in put (/pʊt/)
3643:
3608:
3573:
3538:
3525:similar to the
3510:similar to the
3503:
3494:
3489:
3473:
3466:
3459:
3445:
3437:
3426:
3403:
3399:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3276:
3271:
3212:
3208:
3200:
3151:
3131:
3127:
3119:
3095:
3052:
3048:
3040:
3020:
3016:
3012:
2985:
2965:
2938:
2914:
2890:
2866:
2862:
2853:
2848:
2835:is never used.
2832:
2828:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2773:
2459:
2438:
2427:
2410:
2408:
2402:
2378:
2376:
2344:
2342:
2337:Janus Pannonius
2318:
2316:
2310:
2308:Official status
2256:Open University
2178:
2164:dialect of the
2124:Pliny the Elder
2079:Norman Conquest
2063:
2039:
2001:Le Petit Prince
1976:Winnie the Pooh
1970:Paddington Bear
1964:Robinson Crusoe
1958:Treasure Island
1939:, published by
1931:, published by
1886:
1878:Catholic Church
1856:in English and
1815:
1807:Latin Knowledge
1770:
1753:Humanistisches
1724:Igor Stravinsky
1649:
1596:Royal Air Force
1503:Dum spiro spero
1428:Nil sine numine
1366:E pluribus unum
1300:Canada's motto
1295:Western culture
1291:
1220:Mass of Paul VI
1216:Tridentine Mass
1200:Catholic Church
1168:
1160:
1152:Main articles:
1150:
1116:George Buchanan
1096:Joseph Scaliger
1048:
1040:Main articles:
1038:
985:
979:
923:
917:
911:
903:Germanic people
883:
877:
827:
821:
793:Classical Latin
789:
787:Classical Latin
783:
781:Classical Latin
751:Classical Latin
731:
717:
711:
675:
669:
638:Norman Conquest
628:to the English
599:Catholic Church
547:and the author
533:Classical Latin
518:Greek alphabets
456:common language
379:
347:Without proper
335:
331:
308:
294:
293:
288:
272:
269:
256:
249:
239:
238:
231:
221:
220:
213:
191:Official status
176:
171:
165:
158:
151:
138:Latino-Faliscan
123:
120:Language family
118:
100:
79:
58:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
11376:
11366:
11365:
11360:
11355:
11350:
11345:
11340:
11335:
11330:
11325:
11320:
11318:Forms of Latin
11315:
11313:Latin language
11310:
11293:
11292:
11290:
11289:
11284:
11279:
11274:
11269:
11264:
11259:
11254:
11249:
11244:
11239:
11234:
11229:
11224:
11219:
11214:
11209:
11204:
11199:
11194:
11189:
11184:
11179:
11174:
11169:
11164:
11158:
11156:
11147:
11146:
11144:
11143:
11138:
11133:
11128:
11123:
11118:
11113:
11108:
11103:
11098:
11093:
11088:
11083:
11078:
11073:
11068:
11063:
11058:
11053:
11047:
11045:
11041:
11040:
11037:
11036:
11034:
11033:
11028:
11023:
11018:
11013:
11008:
11003:
10998:
10993:
10988:
10983:
10978:
10973:
10968:
10963:
10958:
10953:
10948:
10943:
10938:
10933:
10928:
10923:
10918:
10913:
10908:
10903:
10898:
10893:
10888:
10883:
10878:
10873:
10868:
10862:
10860:
10854:
10853:
10851:
10850:
10845:
10840:
10835:
10830:
10825:
10820:
10815:
10810:
10805:
10800:
10795:
10790:
10785:
10780:
10775:
10770:
10765:
10760:
10755:
10750:
10745:
10740:
10735:
10730:
10725:
10723:Pomponius Mela
10720:
10715:
10710:
10705:
10700:
10695:
10690:
10685:
10680:
10675:
10670:
10665:
10660:
10655:
10650:
10645:
10640:
10635:
10630:
10625:
10620:
10615:
10610:
10605:
10600:
10595:
10590:
10585:
10580:
10575:
10570:
10565:
10560:
10555:
10550:
10545:
10540:
10535:
10530:
10525:
10520:
10515:
10510:
10505:
10500:
10495:
10490:
10485:
10480:
10475:
10470:
10465:
10460:
10458:Aelius Donatus
10454:
10452:
10443:
10439:
10438:
10436:
10435:
10430:
10429:
10428:
10426:Ecclesiastical
10423:
10418:
10413:
10408:
10403:
10398:
10393:
10388:
10380:
10375:
10369:
10367:
10361:
10360:
10358:
10357:
10352:
10347:
10342:
10337:
10332:
10327:
10322:
10317:
10312:
10307:
10302:
10297:
10292:
10287:
10281:
10279:
10273:
10272:
10270:
10269:
10264:
10259:
10254:
10249:
10244:
10239:
10234:
10229:
10228:
10227:
10217:
10212:
10207:
10202:
10197:
10192:
10186:
10184:
10178:
10177:
10175:
10174:
10169:
10167:Toys and games
10164:
10159:
10154:
10149:
10144:
10139:
10138:
10137:
10127:
10122:
10117:
10112:
10107:
10102:
10097:
10092:
10087:
10082:
10077:
10072:
10067:
10061:
10059:
10053:
10052:
10050:
10049:
10044:
10039:
10034:
10029:
10024:
10019:
10013:
10011:
10005:
10004:
10002:
10001:
9996:
9991:
9986:
9981:
9980:
9979:
9974:
9969:
9964:
9959:
9949:
9944:
9943:
9942:
9932:
9927:
9922:
9917:
9912:
9907:
9902:
9897:
9891:
9889:
9883:
9882:
9879:
9878:
9876:
9875:
9870:
9865:
9860:
9855:
9850:
9845:
9839:
9837:
9833:
9832:
9830:
9829:
9824:
9819:
9814:
9809:
9804:
9799:
9794:
9789:
9784:
9778:
9776:
9769:
9763:
9762:
9760:
9759:
9754:
9749:
9744:
9739:
9734:
9729:
9724:
9719:
9714:
9709:
9707:Vigintisexviri
9704:
9699:
9694:
9689:
9684:
9679:
9674:
9669:
9667:Cursus honorum
9664:
9659:
9653:
9651:
9645:
9644:
9642:
9641:
9636:
9631:
9626:
9621:
9616:
9611:
9605:
9603:
9597:
9596:
9594:
9593:
9588:
9583:
9582:
9581:
9576:
9571:
9566:
9556:
9551:
9546:
9541:
9536:
9531:
9525:
9523:
9517:
9516:
9513:
9512:
9510:
9509:
9508:
9507:
9497:
9496:
9495:
9490:
9480:
9479:
9478:
9473:
9466:Western Empire
9463:
9458:
9453:
9448:
9442:
9440:
9434:
9433:
9431:
9430:
9425:
9424:
9423:
9413:
9407:
9401:
9395:
9394:
9392:
9391:
9386:
9380:
9377:
9376:
9368:
9367:
9360:
9353:
9345:
9336:
9335:
9333:
9332:
9327:
9322:
9315:
9310:
9305:
9300:
9295:
9290:
9285:
9279:
9276:
9275:
9271:
9270:
9256:
9254:
9240:
9238:
9227:
9225:
9221:Medieval Latin
9214:
9212:
9201:
9199:
9190:75 BC – 200 AD
9186:
9184:
9173:
9168:
9165:
9164:
9156:
9155:
9148:
9141:
9133:
9124:
9123:
9096:
9093:
9092:
9090:
9089:
9083:
9081:
9077:
9076:
9074:
9073:
9063:
9058:
9052:
9045:
9043:
9039:
9038:
9036:
9035:
9034:
9033:
9028:
9023:
9018:
9011:Umbrian group
9009:
9004:
8999:
8994:
8993:
8992:
8986:
8981:
8976:
8971:
8966:
8961:
8952:
8950:
8944:
8943:
8941:
8940:
8934:
8929:
8928:
8927:
8917:
8912:
8906:
8904:
8898:
8897:
8890:
8889:
8882:
8875:
8867:
8861:
8860:
8855:
8849:
8843:
8837:
8823:
8817:
8811:
8797:
8794:
8793:
8792:
8786:
8778:
8775:
8774:
8773:
8746:
8722:
8703:
8700:
8699:
8698:
8689:
8683:
8670:
8664:
8651:
8639:"Latin Online"
8634:
8628:
8613:
8607:
8590:
8587:
8586:
8585:
8576:
8570:
8538:
8517:
8511:
8498:
8492:
8482:
8471:
8468:
8467:
8466:
8463:Collatinus web
8459:
8448:
8439:
8425:
8414:on 18 May 2016
8404:
8395:
8381:Aversa, Alan.
8378:
8373:Perseus Hopper
8365:
8356:
8343:Perseus Hopper
8333:
8332:Language tools
8330:
8328:
8327:External links
8325:
8323:
8322:
8313:
8304:
8298:
8285:
8271:
8258:
8252:
8239:
8233:
8216:
8210:
8197:
8191:
8178:
8143:
8134:
8120:
8107:
8093:
8079:
8077:
8074:
8071:
8070:
8058:
8046:
8015:
8000:
7993:
7969:
7954:
7936:
7921:
7909:
7892:
7880:
7868:
7856:
7835:10.2307/282713
7813:
7796:
7759:
7747:
7745:, p. 174.
7735:
7720:
7687:
7675:
7663:
7652:
7632:
7620:
7586:
7569:
7552:
7542:
7510:
7484:
7457:
7425:
7399:
7373:
7351:
7328:
7302:
7275:
7266:
7256:
7246:
7239:
7218:
7180:
7171:
7164:
7146:
7132:
7116:Sawicka, Irena
7108:
7096:mcl.as.uky.edu
7083:
7062:
7032:
7006:
6973:
6947:
6925:
6899:
6873:
6848:
6823:
6806:
6763:
6747:
6731:
6715:
6703:
6676:
6663:
6633:
6626:
6605:
6592:
6566:
6540:
6533:
6509:
6484:
6472:
6460:
6448:
6429:
6411:
6404:
6380:
6348:
6336:
6321:
6319:, pp. 1–3
6309:
6290:
6264:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6230:
6225:
6220:
6215:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6138:
6137:
6136:
6122:
6108:
6092:
6089:
6064:), written by
6062:The Gallic War
6054:, also called
6044:
6041:
6029:
6028:
6025:
6022:
6014:
6013:
6010:
6007:
5998:
5997:
5994:
5991:
5983:
5982:
5979:
5976:
5968:
5967:
5964:
5961:
5953:
5952:
5949:
5942:
5934:
5933:
5930:
5923:
5915:
5914:
5911:
5908:
5900:
5899:
5896:
5893:
5885:
5884:
5881:
5878:
5870:
5869:
5866:
5859:
5851:
5850:
5847:
5844:
5835:
5834:
5831:
5828:
5824:duo, duae, duo
5819:
5818:
5815:
5812:
5798:Roman numerals
5794:Arabic numbers
5782:
5781:
5732:
5730:
5723:
5717:
5714:
5626:(symbol), and
5580:
5577:
5564:
5563:Deponent verbs
5561:
5558:
5557:
5554:
5551:
5548:
5545:
5542:
5539:
5535:
5534:
5531:
5528:
5525:
5522:
5519:
5516:
5512:
5511:
5508:
5505:
5502:
5499:
5496:
5493:
5489:
5488:
5485:
5482:
5479:
5476:
5473:
5470:
5466:
5465:
5462:
5461:-bitis, -ētis
5459:
5456:
5453:
5450:
5447:
5443:
5442:
5439:
5436:
5433:
5430:
5427:
5424:
5420:
5419:
5416:
5413:
5410:
5407:
5404:
5400:
5399:
5396:
5393:
5378:) and second (
5367:
5366:
5349:
5346:
5343:
5271:, "to carry";
5124:
5121:
5111:
5108:
5102:
5099:
5066:
5018:
4989:Main article:
4986:
4983:
4969:
4968:
4925:(ground), and
4908:
4848:
4828:
4816:
4800:
4762:
4729:
4728:
4717:
4706:
4695:
4684:
4665:Main article:
4662:
4659:
4535:
4532:
4531:
4530:
4515:
4503:
4500:
4488:Hadrian's Wall
4458:
4457:
4450:
4446:
4445:
4438:
4434:
4433:
4426:
4415:
4414:
4409:
4405:
4404:
4399:
4392:
4391:
4386:
4345:
4342:
4209:Greek alphabet
4095:Latin alphabet
4093:Main article:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4085:
4084:
4083:
4080:
4074:
4062:
4059:
4050:
4047:
4027:
4024:
4021:
4020:
4009:
4005:
4004:
3993:
3982:
3978:
3977:
3971:
3969:
3965:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3861:"I released",
3755:
3752:
3704:
3703:
3693:
3690:
3689:
3679:
3677:
3671:
3670:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3648:
3646:
3640:
3639:
3628:
3625:
3624:
3613:
3611:
3605:
3604:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3578:
3576:
3570:
3569:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3543:
3541:
3535:
3534:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3508:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3496:
3491:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3359:
3357:
3353:
3352:
3340:
3338:
3326:
3322:
3321:
3309:
3307:
3295:
3291:
3290:
3287:
3284:
3281:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3257:as in English
3229:
3228:
3205:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3156:
3154:
3148:
3147:
3124:
3122:
3116:
3115:
3100:
3098:
3092:
3091:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3045:
3043:
3037:
3036:
3009:
3006:
3005:
2990:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2962:
2959:
2958:
2943:
2941:
2935:
2934:
2919:
2917:
2911:
2910:
2895:
2893:
2887:
2886:
2871:
2869:
2859:
2858:
2855:
2850:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2747:
2745:
2738:
2731:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2707:
2705:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2694:
2685:
2683:
2676:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2642:
2635:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2618:
2609:
2607:
2600:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2584:
2577:
2575:
2568:
2561:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2543:
2536:
2534:
2527:
2520:
2513:
2507:
2506:
2501:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2461:The consonant
2458:
2455:
2404:Main article:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2396:
2374:
2340:
2309:
2306:
2231:. The British
2177:
2174:
2081:, through the
2062:
2059:
2038:
2035:
2008:Max and Moritz
1913:Roman Republic
1885:
1882:
1814:
1811:
1759:and the Dutch
1738:liceo classico
1732:public schools
1648:
1645:
1629:
1628:
1612:
1611:
1599:
1585:
1573:
1564:Semper Fidelis
1559:
1550:Semper Paratus
1541:
1540:
1526:
1508:
1497:South Carolina
1494:
1483:North Carolina
1480:
1466:
1452:
1432:
1420:
1406:
1394:
1329:Spain's motto
1318:Victoria Cross
1290:
1287:
1271:European Union
1228:public journal
1188:Hadrian's Wall
1167:
1164:
1149:
1146:
1092:Isaac Casaubon
1037:
1034:
983:Medieval Latin
981:Main article:
978:
977:Medieval Latin
975:
913:Main article:
910:
907:
879:Main article:
876:
873:
823:Main article:
820:
817:
785:Main article:
782:
779:
763:Latin alphabet
747:Roman Republic
713:Main article:
710:
707:
699:late antiquity
671:Main article:
668:
665:
560:Medieval Latin
525:Roman Republic
510:Latin alphabet
440:Roman Republic
426:(now known as
365:
364:
351:, you may see
337:
336:
322:
314:
313:
306:
300:
299:
286:
278:
277:
270:
265:
262:
261:
254:
246:
245:
236:
228:
227:
218:
210:
209:
208:Language codes
205:
204:
199:
193:
192:
188:
187:
180:Latin alphabet
177:
173:Writing system
170:
167:
166:
161:
159:
156:
153:
152:
150:
149:
148:
147:
146:
145:
126:
124:
117:
114:
113:
106:
102:
101:
99:
98:
93:
87:
85:
81:
80:
78:
77:
72:
66:
64:
63:Native to
60:
59:
48:
40:
39:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11375:
11364:
11361:
11359:
11356:
11354:
11351:
11349:
11346:
11344:
11341:
11339:
11336:
11334:
11331:
11329:
11326:
11324:
11321:
11319:
11316:
11314:
11311:
11309:
11306:
11305:
11303:
11288:
11285:
11283:
11280:
11278:
11275:
11273:
11270:
11268:
11265:
11263:
11260:
11258:
11255:
11253:
11250:
11248:
11245:
11243:
11240:
11238:
11235:
11233:
11230:
11228:
11225:
11223:
11220:
11218:
11215:
11213:
11210:
11208:
11205:
11203:
11200:
11198:
11195:
11193:
11190:
11188:
11185:
11183:
11180:
11178:
11175:
11173:
11170:
11168:
11165:
11163:
11160:
11159:
11157:
11148:
11142:
11139:
11137:
11134:
11132:
11129:
11127:
11124:
11122:
11119:
11117:
11114:
11112:
11109:
11107:
11104:
11102:
11099:
11097:
11094:
11092:
11089:
11087:
11084:
11082:
11079:
11077:
11074:
11072:
11069:
11067:
11064:
11062:
11059:
11057:
11054:
11052:
11049:
11048:
11046:
11042:
11032:
11029:
11027:
11024:
11022:
11019:
11017:
11014:
11012:
11009:
11007:
11004:
11002:
10999:
10997:
10994:
10992:
10989:
10987:
10984:
10982:
10979:
10977:
10974:
10972:
10969:
10967:
10964:
10962:
10959:
10957:
10954:
10952:
10949:
10947:
10944:
10942:
10939:
10937:
10934:
10932:
10929:
10927:
10924:
10922:
10919:
10917:
10914:
10912:
10909:
10907:
10904:
10902:
10899:
10897:
10894:
10892:
10889:
10887:
10884:
10882:
10879:
10877:
10874:
10872:
10869:
10867:
10864:
10863:
10861:
10859:
10855:
10849:
10846:
10844:
10841:
10839:
10836:
10834:
10831:
10829:
10826:
10824:
10821:
10819:
10816:
10814:
10811:
10809:
10806:
10804:
10801:
10799:
10796:
10794:
10791:
10789:
10786:
10784:
10781:
10779:
10776:
10774:
10771:
10769:
10766:
10764:
10761:
10759:
10756:
10754:
10751:
10749:
10746:
10744:
10741:
10739:
10736:
10734:
10731:
10729:
10726:
10724:
10721:
10719:
10716:
10714:
10711:
10709:
10706:
10704:
10701:
10699:
10696:
10694:
10691:
10689:
10686:
10684:
10681:
10679:
10676:
10674:
10671:
10669:
10666:
10664:
10661:
10659:
10656:
10654:
10651:
10649:
10646:
10644:
10641:
10639:
10636:
10634:
10631:
10629:
10626:
10624:
10621:
10619:
10616:
10614:
10613:Julius Paulus
10611:
10609:
10606:
10604:
10601:
10599:
10596:
10594:
10591:
10589:
10586:
10584:
10581:
10579:
10576:
10574:
10571:
10569:
10566:
10564:
10561:
10559:
10556:
10554:
10551:
10549:
10548:Fabius Pictor
10546:
10544:
10541:
10539:
10536:
10534:
10531:
10529:
10526:
10524:
10521:
10519:
10516:
10514:
10511:
10509:
10506:
10504:
10501:
10499:
10496:
10494:
10491:
10489:
10486:
10484:
10481:
10479:
10476:
10474:
10471:
10469:
10466:
10464:
10461:
10459:
10456:
10455:
10453:
10451:
10447:
10444:
10440:
10434:
10431:
10427:
10424:
10422:
10419:
10417:
10414:
10412:
10409:
10407:
10404:
10402:
10399:
10397:
10394:
10392:
10389:
10387:
10384:
10383:
10381:
10379:
10376:
10374:
10371:
10370:
10368:
10366:
10362:
10356:
10353:
10351:
10348:
10346:
10343:
10341:
10338:
10336:
10333:
10331:
10328:
10326:
10323:
10321:
10318:
10316:
10313:
10311:
10308:
10306:
10303:
10301:
10298:
10296:
10293:
10291:
10288:
10286:
10285:Amphitheatres
10283:
10282:
10280:
10278:
10274:
10268:
10265:
10263:
10260:
10258:
10255:
10253:
10250:
10248:
10245:
10243:
10240:
10238:
10235:
10233:
10230:
10226:
10223:
10222:
10221:
10218:
10216:
10213:
10211:
10208:
10206:
10203:
10201:
10198:
10196:
10193:
10191:
10188:
10187:
10185:
10183:
10179:
10173:
10170:
10168:
10165:
10163:
10160:
10158:
10155:
10153:
10150:
10148:
10145:
10143:
10140:
10136:
10133:
10132:
10131:
10128:
10126:
10123:
10121:
10118:
10116:
10113:
10111:
10108:
10106:
10103:
10101:
10098:
10096:
10093:
10091:
10088:
10086:
10083:
10081:
10078:
10076:
10073:
10071:
10068:
10066:
10063:
10062:
10060:
10058:
10054:
10048:
10045:
10043:
10040:
10038:
10035:
10033:
10030:
10028:
10025:
10023:
10022:Deforestation
10020:
10018:
10015:
10014:
10012:
10010:
10006:
10000:
9997:
9995:
9992:
9990:
9987:
9985:
9982:
9978:
9975:
9973:
9972:Siege engines
9970:
9968:
9965:
9963:
9960:
9958:
9955:
9954:
9953:
9950:
9948:
9945:
9941:
9938:
9937:
9936:
9933:
9931:
9928:
9926:
9923:
9921:
9918:
9916:
9913:
9911:
9908:
9906:
9905:Establishment
9903:
9901:
9898:
9896:
9893:
9892:
9890:
9888:
9884:
9874:
9871:
9869:
9866:
9864:
9861:
9859:
9856:
9854:
9851:
9849:
9846:
9844:
9841:
9840:
9838:
9836:Extraordinary
9834:
9828:
9825:
9823:
9822:Promagistrate
9820:
9818:
9815:
9813:
9810:
9808:
9805:
9803:
9800:
9798:
9795:
9793:
9790:
9788:
9785:
9783:
9780:
9779:
9777:
9773:
9770:
9768:
9764:
9758:
9755:
9753:
9750:
9748:
9745:
9743:
9740:
9738:
9735:
9733:
9730:
9728:
9725:
9723:
9720:
9718:
9715:
9713:
9710:
9708:
9705:
9703:
9700:
9698:
9695:
9693:
9690:
9688:
9685:
9683:
9680:
9678:
9675:
9673:
9670:
9668:
9665:
9663:
9660:
9658:
9655:
9654:
9652:
9650:
9646:
9640:
9637:
9635:
9632:
9630:
9627:
9625:
9622:
9620:
9617:
9615:
9612:
9610:
9609:Twelve Tables
9607:
9606:
9604:
9602:
9598:
9592:
9589:
9587:
9584:
9580:
9577:
9575:
9572:
9570:
9567:
9565:
9562:
9561:
9560:
9557:
9555:
9552:
9550:
9547:
9545:
9542:
9540:
9537:
9535:
9532:
9530:
9527:
9526:
9524:
9522:
9518:
9506:
9503:
9502:
9501:
9498:
9494:
9491:
9489:
9486:
9485:
9484:
9481:
9477:
9474:
9472:
9469:
9468:
9467:
9464:
9462:
9459:
9457:
9454:
9452:
9449:
9447:
9444:
9443:
9441:
9439:
9435:
9429:
9426:
9422:
9419:
9418:
9417:
9414:
9412:
9409:
9408:
9405:
9402:
9400:
9396:
9390:
9387:
9385:
9382:
9381:
9378:
9373:
9366:
9361:
9359:
9354:
9352:
9347:
9346:
9343:
9331:
9328:
9326:
9325:Hiberno-Latin
9323:
9321:
9320:
9316:
9314:
9311:
9309:
9306:
9304:
9301:
9299:
9296:
9294:
9291:
9289:
9286:
9284:
9281:
9280:
9277:
9268:
9267:
9263:
9255:
9252:
9251:
9247:
9239:
9236:
9235:
9231:
9226:
9223:
9222:
9218:
9213:
9210:
9209:
9205:
9200:
9197:
9196:
9191:
9185:
9182:
9181:
9177:
9172:
9171:
9166:
9162:
9154:
9149:
9147:
9142:
9140:
9135:
9134:
9131:
9120:
9116:
9112:
9108:
9104:
9100:
9094:
9088:
9085:
9084:
9082:
9080:Reconstructed
9078:
9071:
9067:
9064:
9062:
9059:
9056:
9053:
9050:
9047:
9046:
9044:
9040:
9032:
9029:
9027:
9024:
9022:
9019:
9016:
9013:
9012:
9010:
9008:
9005:
9003:
9000:
8998:
8995:
8990:
8987:
8985:
8982:
8980:
8977:
8975:
8972:
8970:
8967:
8965:
8962:
8960:
8957:
8956:
8954:
8953:
8951:
8949:
8945:
8938:
8935:
8933:
8932:Praenestinian
8930:
8926:
8923:
8922:
8921:
8918:
8916:
8913:
8911:
8908:
8907:
8905:
8903:
8899:
8895:
8888:
8883:
8881:
8876:
8874:
8869:
8868:
8865:
8859:
8856:
8853:
8850:
8847:
8844:
8841:
8838:
8835:
8831:
8827:
8826:Nuntii Latini
8824:
8821:
8820:Nuntii Latini
8818:
8815:
8812:
8808:
8803:
8800:
8799:
8790:
8787:
8784:
8781:
8780:
8762:
8758:
8757:
8752:
8747:
8743:
8742:
8736:
8731:
8727:
8723:
8711:
8706:
8705:
8695:
8690:
8686:
8680:
8676:
8671:
8667:
8665:87-997016-5-0
8661:
8657:
8652:
8640:
8635:
8631:
8625:
8621:
8620:
8614:
8610:
8604:
8600:
8599:
8593:
8592:
8584:
8580:
8577:
8574:
8571:
8568:
8565:(a course in
8551:
8544:
8539:
8527:
8523:
8518:
8515:
8512:
8509:
8505:
8502:
8499:
8496:
8493:
8491:at UT Austin)
8490:
8486:
8485:Latin Lessons
8483:
8481:
8477:
8474:
8473:
8464:
8460:
8456:
8455:
8449:
8444:
8440:
8435:
8431:
8426:
8413:
8409:
8405:
8400:
8396:
8384:
8379:
8374:
8370:
8366:
8361:
8357:
8354:
8350:
8344:
8340:
8336:
8335:
8319:
8314:
8310:
8305:
8301:
8299:0-226-47602-2
8295:
8291:
8286:
8282:
8278:
8274:
8272:9780190886998
8268:
8264:
8259:
8255:
8249:
8245:
8240:
8236:
8230:
8226:
8222:
8217:
8213:
8207:
8203:
8198:
8194:
8192:9789004269071
8188:
8184:
8179:
8175:
8171:
8166:
8161:
8157:
8153:
8149:
8144:
8140:
8135:
8131:
8127:
8123:
8117:
8113:
8108:
8104:
8100:
8096:
8090:
8086:
8081:
8080:
8067:
8062:
8055:
8050:
8034:
8030:
8026:
8019:
8012:
8007:
8005:
7996:
7990:
7986:
7982:
7981:
7973:
7966:
7961:
7959:
7950:
7943:
7941:
7932:
7925:
7919:, p. 540
7918:
7917:Diringer 1996
7913:
7907:, p. 538
7906:
7905:Diringer 1996
7901:
7899:
7897:
7890:, p. 536
7889:
7888:Diringer 1996
7884:
7877:
7876:Diringer 1996
7872:
7865:
7860:
7852:
7848:
7844:
7840:
7836:
7832:
7828:
7824:
7817:
7810:
7805:
7803:
7801:
7781:
7777:
7770:
7763:
7756:
7751:
7744:
7739:
7731:
7727:
7723:
7717:
7713:
7706:
7704:
7702:
7700:
7698:
7696:
7694:
7692:
7684:
7679:
7673:, p. 150
7672:
7667:
7659:
7655:
7649:
7645:
7644:
7636:
7629:
7624:
7618:
7614:
7611:
7607:
7606:0-521-58335-7
7603:
7599:
7593:
7591:
7583:
7582:0-313-33125-1
7579:
7573:
7566:
7565:0-300-06078-5
7562:
7556:
7546:
7530:
7526:
7525:
7520:
7514:
7498:
7494:
7488:
7472:
7468:
7461:
7454:
7449:
7445:
7444:
7439:
7435:
7429:
7413:
7409:
7403:
7387:
7383:
7377:
7361:
7355:
7339:
7332:
7317:
7313:
7306:
7290:
7286:
7279:
7270:
7260:
7250:
7242:
7236:
7232:
7228:
7222:
7203:
7199:
7192:
7191:
7184:
7175:
7167:
7161:
7158:. C. Winter.
7157:
7150:
7142:
7136:
7128:
7124:
7121:
7117:
7112:
7097:
7093:
7087:
7072:
7066:
7050:
7046:
7042:
7036:
7020:
7016:
7010:
6994:
6990:
6989:
6984:
6977:
6961:
6957:
6951:
6943:
6939:
6935:
6929:
6913:
6909:
6903:
6888:. August 2011
6887:
6883:
6877:
6862:
6858:
6852:
6844:
6840:
6839:
6834:
6827:
6821:, p. 356
6820:
6816:
6810:
6802:
6798:
6794:
6790:
6786:
6782:
6778:
6774:
6767:
6760:
6756:
6751:
6745:, p. 272
6744:
6740:
6735:
6729:, p. 272
6728:
6724:
6723:Latin Studies
6719:
6712:
6707:
6691:
6687:
6680:
6673:
6667:
6651:
6647:
6643:
6637:
6629:
6623:
6619:
6612:
6610:
6602:
6596:
6581:
6577:
6570:
6555:
6551:
6544:
6536:
6530:
6526:
6522:
6521:
6513:
6498:
6494:
6488:
6481:
6476:
6469:
6464:
6457:
6452:
6444:
6440:
6433:
6425:
6421:
6415:
6407:
6401:
6397:
6393:
6392:
6384:
6377:
6364:
6360:
6359:
6352:
6345:
6344:Diringer 1996
6340:
6332:
6325:
6318:
6313:
6305:
6301:
6294:
6279:
6275:
6269:
6265:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6177:Latin grammar
6175:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6139:
6134:
6128:
6123:
6120:
6114:
6109:
6106:
6095:
6087:
6082:
6080:
6074:
6069:
6067:
6063:
6058:
6052:
6051:
6040:
6037:
6027:one thousand
6026:
6023:
6020:
6016:
6015:
6012:five hundred
6011:
6008:
6006:(m., f., n.)
6004:
6000:
5999:
5995:
5992:
5989:
5985:
5984:
5980:
5977:
5974:
5970:
5969:
5965:
5962:
5959:
5955:
5954:
5950:
5943:
5940:
5936:
5935:
5931:
5924:
5921:
5917:
5916:
5912:
5909:
5906:
5902:
5901:
5897:
5894:
5891:
5887:
5886:
5882:
5879:
5876:
5872:
5871:
5867:
5860:
5857:
5853:
5852:
5848:
5845:
5841:
5837:
5836:
5832:
5829:
5827:(m., f., n.)
5825:
5821:
5820:
5816:
5813:
5809:
5805:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5795:
5789:
5778:
5775:
5767:
5757:
5753:
5749:
5743:
5742:
5738:
5733:This section
5731:
5727:
5722:
5721:
5713:
5710:
5705:
5700:
5696:, "all", and
5694:
5688:
5683:
5679:
5675:
5670:
5668:
5664:
5658:
5655:
5649:
5643:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5624:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5606:
5601:
5595:
5590:
5586:
5576:
5574:
5570:
5555:
5552:
5549:
5546:
5543:
5540:
5537:
5536:
5532:
5529:
5526:
5523:
5520:
5517:
5514:
5513:
5509:
5506:
5503:
5500:
5497:
5494:
5491:
5490:
5486:
5483:
5480:
5477:
5474:
5471:
5468:
5467:
5463:
5460:
5458:-bimus, -ēmus
5457:
5454:
5451:
5448:
5445:
5444:
5440:
5437:
5434:
5431:
5428:
5425:
5422:
5421:
5417:
5414:
5411:
5408:
5405:
5402:
5401:
5390:
5387:
5383:
5381:
5377:
5372:
5363:
5359:
5355:
5350:
5347:
5344:
5341:
5340:
5339:
5337:
5333:
5329:
5325:
5321:
5317:
5313:
5309:
5305:
5301:
5297:
5292:
5290:
5286:
5282:
5279:, "to give";
5278:
5274:
5270:
5267:, "to want";
5266:
5262:
5258:
5254:
5252:
5251:Indo-European
5247:
5243:, "to hear",
5241:
5235:
5229:
5223:
5219:, "to lead",
5217:
5211:
5205:
5199:
5195:, "to warn",
5193:
5187:
5181:
5175:
5171:, "to love",
5169:
5163:
5157:
5151:
5145:
5140:
5134:
5130:
5129:Latin grammar
5120:
5118:
5107:
5098:
5095:
5089:
5084:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5053:
5047:
5041:
5035:
5029:
5023:
5016:
5014:
5012:
5011:
5005:
5003:
4999:
4992:
4982:
4979:
4974:
4965:
4959:
4953:
4947:
4941:
4935:
4929:
4923:
4917:
4912:
4909:
4905:
4899:
4893:
4887:
4881:
4875:
4869:
4863:
4857:
4852:
4849:
4845:
4840:
4836:
4832:
4829:
4825:
4820:
4817:
4813:
4808:
4804:
4801:
4797:
4791:
4786:
4782:
4778:
4774:
4773:genitive case
4770:
4766:
4763:
4760:
4754:
4749:
4745:
4741:
4738:
4737:
4736:
4734:
4726:
4722:
4718:
4715:
4711:
4707:
4704:
4700:
4696:
4693:
4689:
4685:
4682:
4678:
4674:
4673:
4672:
4668:
4658:
4655:
4649:
4643:
4637:
4631:
4625:
4623:
4622:
4617:
4613:
4609:
4605:
4601:
4597:
4593:
4592:
4587:
4583:
4579:
4575:
4571:
4567:
4563:
4559:
4550:
4545:
4541:
4540:Latin grammar
4528:
4524:
4520:
4519:Franks Casket
4516:
4513:
4509:
4508:
4507:
4499:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4485:
4481:
4480:Roman cursive
4473:
4469:
4464:
4455:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4443:
4439:
4437:with macrons
4436:
4435:
4431:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4420:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4400:
4398:
4394:
4393:
4387:
4384:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4365:
4363:
4359:
4355:
4351:
4341:
4339:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4311:
4307:
4303:
4301:
4297:
4293:
4289:
4285:
4281:
4277:
4273:
4265:
4260:
4258:
4254:
4250:
4246:
4242:
4238:
4234:
4230:
4226:
4222:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4206:
4202:
4198:
4194:
4190:
4186:
4182:
4178:
4174:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4126:
4122:
4114:
4113:Quirinal Hill
4110:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4058:
4056:
4055:long or short
4046:
4044:
4038:
4036:
4032:
4007:
4006:
3994:
3983:
3980:
3979:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3950:
3939:
3924:
3918:
3880:
3877:
3871:
3865:
3859:
3853:
3847:
3841:
3829:"began", and
3827:
3823:"bronze" and
3821:
3807:
3800:
3794:
3788:
3782:
3761:
3751:
3748:
3743:
3722:
3719:
3715:
3711:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3678:
3672:
3668:
3664:
3660:
3658:
3657:
3653:
3649:
3647:
3641:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3612:
3606:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3592:
3591:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3577:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3557:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3544:
3542:
3536:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3509:
3507:
3501:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3486:
3480:
3477:
3472:
3465:
3457:
3452:
3436:
3432:
3424:
3419:
3410:
3397:
3393:
3372:
3369:
3364:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3345:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3331:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3319:
3314:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3300:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3274:Simple vowels
3266:
3264:
3260:
3251:
3245:
3240:
3236:
3222:
3218:
3206:
3204:
3199:
3198:
3189:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3169:
3161:
3157:
3155:
3149:
3141:
3125:
3123:
3118:
3117:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3099:
3094:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3073:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3058:
3047:When doubled
3046:
3044:
3038:
3030:
3026:
3010:
3008:
3007:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2989:
2983:
2975:
2971:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2942:
2936:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2918:
2913:
2912:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2894:
2889:
2888:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2870:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2845:
2839:
2836:
2809:
2791:
2786:
2784:
2771:
2767:
2755:
2752:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2691:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2677:
2674:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2643:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2629:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2601:
2599:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2585:
2582:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2569:
2566:
2562:
2559:
2555:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2541:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2528:
2525:
2521:
2518:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2454:
2447:
2407:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2375:
2372:
2367:
2361:
2356:
2352:
2341:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2305:
2303:
2302:
2297:
2294:. Classicist
2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2212:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2187:
2182:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2120:
2115:
2111:
2102:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2087:inkhorn terms
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2047:
2046:
2034:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2009:
2003:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1989:
1984:
1983:
1978:
1977:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1901:
1900:
1894:
1893:Julius Caesar
1890:
1881:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1810:
1808:
1803:
1799:
1797:
1796:Nuntii Latini
1793:
1789:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1757:
1756:
1750:, the German
1748:
1747:
1740:
1739:
1733:
1727:
1726:is in Latin.
1725:
1720:
1719:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1704:
1699:
1698:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1680:
1674:
1671:
1666:
1662:
1657:
1656:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1634:
1626:
1621:
1617:
1616:
1615:
1609:
1604:
1600:
1597:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1583:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1557:
1552:
1551:
1546:
1545:
1544:
1537:
1536:
1530:
1529:West Virginia
1527:
1524:
1519:
1518:
1512:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1490:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1476:
1470:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1416:
1410:
1407:
1403:
1398:
1395:
1391:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1367:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1334:
1327:
1324:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1306:
1305:
1298:
1296:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1269:The polyglot
1267:
1263:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1235:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1174:The signs at
1172:
1166:Religious use
1163:
1159:
1155:
1145:
1143:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1075:
1073:
1072:renewed study
1069:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1043:
1033:
1029:
1023:
1017:
1011:
1005:
1003:
998:
989:
984:
974:
972:
968:
963:
959:
956:
951:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
922:
916:
906:
904:
900:
896:
891:
887:
882:
872:
870:
865:
861:
857:
856:Curse tablets
852:
850:
844:
842:
837:
832:
826:
816:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
788:
778:
776:
775:boustrophedon
772:
771:right-to-left
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
743:Roman Kingdom
737:
736:Roman Kingdom
732: 600 BC
726:
721:
716:
706:
704:
700:
696:
692:
687:
679:
674:
664:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
643:
642:Ancient Greek
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
614:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
583:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
556:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
521:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
470:Latin grammar
467:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
430:), the lower
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
404:Italic branch
401:
396:
391:
385:
376:
375:lingua Latina
371:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
344:
338:
332: 117 AD
326:
320:
315:
311:
307:
305:
301:
297:
291:
287:
285:
284:
279:
275:
271:
268:
267:Linguist List
263:
259:
255:
252:
247:
242:
237:
234:
229:
224:
219:
216:
211:
206:
203:
200:
198:
194:
189:
185:
181:
178:
174:
168:
164:
160:
154:
144:
141:
140:
139:
136:
135:
134:
131:
130:
129:
128:Indo-European
125:
121:
115:
107:
103:
97:
94:
92:
89:
88:
86:
82:
76:
73:
71:
68:
67:
65:
61:
56:
52:
46:
41:
36:
33:
29:
22:
11227:Institutions
11091:Leptis Magna
11044:Major cities
10951:Philostratus
10738:Quadrigarius
10558:Rufus Festus
10421:Contemporary
10364:
10142:Romanization
10065:Architecture
9672:Collegiality
9521:Constitution
9372:Ancient Rome
9317:
9293:Vulgar Latin
9258:
9257:
9242:
9241:
9229:
9228:
9216:
9215:
9203:
9202:
9189:
9187:
9175:
9174:
9160:
9102:
9068:? (possibly
9007:South Picene
8955:Oscan group
8948:Osco-Umbrian
8919:
8830:Radio Bremen
8789:LacusCurtius
8765:. Retrieved
8761:the original
8754:
8739:
8714:. Retrieved
8693:
8674:
8655:
8643:. Retrieved
8618:
8597:
8557:. Retrieved
8550:the original
8530:. Retrieved
8525:
8497:, Learnlangs
8453:
8434:the original
8418:30 September
8416:. Retrieved
8412:the original
8386:. Retrieved
8372:
8352:
8351:and Lewis's
8348:
8342:
8317:
8308:
8289:
8262:
8243:
8221:Vulgar Latin
8220:
8201:
8182:
8155:
8151:
8138:
8111:
8084:
8076:Bibliography
8061:
8049:
8037:. Retrieved
8033:the original
8028:
8018:
8013:, p. 14
7979:
7972:
7967:, p. 13
7948:
7930:
7924:
7912:
7883:
7871:
7859:
7826:
7822:
7816:
7787:. Retrieved
7780:the original
7775:
7762:
7750:
7738:
7711:
7678:
7666:
7642:
7635:
7623:
7597:
7572:
7555:
7545:
7533:. Retrieved
7529:the original
7522:
7513:
7501:. Retrieved
7497:Croatia Week
7496:
7487:
7475:. Retrieved
7470:
7460:
7451:
7448:the original
7441:
7428:
7416:. Retrieved
7402:
7390:. Retrieved
7376:
7364:. Retrieved
7354:
7342:. Retrieved
7331:
7319:. Retrieved
7315:
7305:
7293:. Retrieved
7278:
7269:
7259:
7249:
7230:
7221:
7209:. Retrieved
7189:
7183:
7174:
7155:
7149:
7135:
7111:
7099:. Retrieved
7095:
7086:
7074:. Retrieved
7065:
7053:. Retrieved
7049:the original
7044:
7035:
7023:. Retrieved
7009:
6997:. Retrieved
6986:
6976:
6964:. Retrieved
6960:the original
6950:
6928:
6918:30 September
6916:. Retrieved
6914:(in Spanish)
6911:
6902:
6890:. Retrieved
6886:First Things
6885:
6876:
6864:. Retrieved
6860:
6851:
6836:
6826:
6814:
6809:
6776:
6766:
6754:
6750:
6738:
6734:
6722:
6718:
6706:
6694:. Retrieved
6690:the original
6679:
6666:
6654:. Retrieved
6636:
6617:
6601:Deneire 2014
6595:
6583:. Retrieved
6579:
6569:
6557:. Retrieved
6553:
6543:
6519:
6512:
6500:. Retrieved
6496:
6487:
6475:
6463:
6451:
6438:
6432:
6423:
6414:
6390:
6383:
6374:
6367:. Retrieved
6357:
6351:
6339:
6330:
6324:
6312:
6299:
6293:
6281:. Retrieved
6277:
6268:
6253:Vulgar Latin
6192:Latin school
6084:
6076:
6071:
6061:
6046:
6043:Example text
6032:
5996:one hundred
5973:quīnquāgintā
5843:(m./f., n.)
5791:
5770:
5761:
5746:Please help
5734:
5703:
5671:
5659:
5644:
5609:
5582:
5572:
5566:
5464:-bunt, -ent
5384:
5379:
5375:
5368:
5361:
5357:
5353:
5293:
5288:
5284:
5280:
5276:
5275:, "to eat";
5272:
5268:
5264:
5260:
5255:
5139:conjugations
5136:
5113:
5110:Prepositions
5104:
5082:
5078:
5068:
5063:
5015:
5008:
5006:
4994:
4970:
4784:
4780:
4768:
4730:
4724:
4720:
4713:
4709:
4702:
4698:
4691:
4687:
4680:
4676:
4670:
4626:
4619:
4589:
4555:
4544:Latin syntax
4505:
4477:
4471:
4449:with apices
4418:
4366:
4347:
4337:
4333:
4329:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4309:
4305:
4304:
4287:
4283:
4275:
4271:
4263:
4261:
4118:
4064:
4052:
4039:
4029:
3940:
3894:. Old Latin
3881:
3855:"I warned",
3808:
3757:
3723:
3713:
3712:in his book
3707:
3700:
3696:
3686:
3682:
3666:
3662:
3651:
3635:
3631:
3620:
3616:
3600:
3596:
3585:
3581:
3565:
3561:
3550:
3546:
3530:
3526:
3515:
3511:
3478:
3435:acute accent
3420:
3377:
3258:
3238:
3232:
3220:
3216:
3167:
3159:
3139:
3107:
3103:
3081:
3060:
3028:
3024:
2997:
2993:
2973:
2969:
2950:
2946:
2926:
2922:
2902:
2898:
2878:
2874:
2837:
2810:
2787:
2760:
2460:
2451:
2311:
2299:
2245:
2220:Living Latin
2217:
2213:
2208:
2200:
2195:
2191:
2159:
2144:
2117:
2107:
2091:polysyllabic
2064:
2040:
2037:Inscriptions
2018:
2012:
2006:
1994:Harry Potter
1992:
1986:
1980:
1974:
1968:
1962:
1956:
1950:
1945:
1918:
1816:
1804:
1800:
1790:in Germany,
1788:Radio Bremen
1785:
1728:
1701:
1697:The Exorcist
1695:
1689:
1683:
1677:
1675:
1664:
1650:
1635:'s motto is
1630:
1613:
1577:Semper Supra
1576:
1542:
1375:
1364:
1362:
1328:
1299:
1292:
1260:
1244:Vatican City
1197:
1184:Roman Empire
1161:
1138:
1127:
1124:Isaac Newton
1104:
1076:
1067:
1065:
1006:
994:
964:
960:
952:
924:
892:
888:
884:
853:
845:
828:
825:Vulgar Latin
819:Vulgar Latin
790:
740:
688:
684:
653:the sciences
640:. Latin and
615:
603:Vatican City
584:
557:
523:By the late
522:
468:
448:Roman Empire
434:area around
412:Vulgar Latin
369:
368:
340:
304:Linguasphere
281:
184:Latin script
142:
75:Ancient Rome
32:
11222:Geographers
10906:Dioscorides
10886:Cassius Dio
10508:Cassiodorus
10411:Renaissance
10017:Agriculture
9989:Auxiliaries
9930:Engineering
9767:Magistrates
9619:Citizenship
9614:Mos maiorum
9549:Late Empire
9330:Judeo-Latin
9176:until 75 BC
8997:Pre-Samnite
8964:Marrucinian
8834:Bremen Zwei
8501:Learn Latin
7789:1 September
7743:Sihler 2008
7535:15 November
7503:18 November
7434:Beard, Mary
7295:17 February
7273:Id. at 104.
6892:19 February
6713:, p. 3
6674:, p. 1
6482:, p. 8
6480:Herman 2000
6468:Herman 2000
6456:Herman 2000
6369:15 February
6238:Lorem ipsum
6167:Hybrid word
5680:meaningful
5678:compounding
5663:Old English
5597:"mask" and
5575:(to urge).
5538:Pluperfect
5418:3rd Person
5283:, "to go";
5263:, "to be";
5117:adpositions
5101:Participles
5002:participles
4978:puer currit
4865:becomes an
4621:conjugation
4556:Latin is a
4523:Old English
4484:wax tablets
4371:("Mourn, O
4350:punctuation
4344:Punctuation
4089:Orthography
3873:"his", and
3843:"beware!",
3742:nasal vowel
3716:. However,
3661:similar to
3630:similar to
3603:(/məʃiːn/)
3595:similar to
3560:similar to
3533:(/fɑːðəɹ/)
3219:in English
3102:Similar to
3051:and before
2770:Koine Greek
2727:Approximant
2453:languages.
2151:Interlingua
2071:Middle Ages
1718:Oedipus rex
1397:Connecticut
1380:, such as:
1120:Thomas More
1079:Renaissance
967:Renaissance
836:sermo vulgi
725:Lapis Niger
568:Renaissance
564:Middle Ages
355:instead of
11302:Categories
11111:Mediolanum
11051:Alexandria
11016:Themistius
10981:Porphyrius
10808:Tertullian
10743:Quintilian
10733:Propertius
10628:Lactantius
10578:Fulgentius
10513:Censorinus
10335:Sanitation
10320:Metallurgy
10277:Technology
10242:Demography
10190:Patricians
10157:Spectacles
10115:Literature
10110:Hairstyles
9947:Technology
9697:Praefectus
9649:Government
9639:Litigation
9624:Auctoritas
9569:Centuriate
9456:Principate
9451:Pax Romana
9411:Foundation
9208:Late Latin
9109:) are now
9055:Lusitanian
8974:Paelignian
8532:2 February
8443:"Alpheios"
8121:0816054517
8066:Jenks 1911
8054:Jenks 1911
7864:Allen 1978
7809:Allen 1978
7755:Allen 1978
7683:Allen 1978
7628:Allen 1978
7477:7 November
7227:Pei, Mario
7211:9 February
6999:29 January
6988:BBC Online
6585:3 December
6559:3 December
6502:6 February
6317:Clark 1900
6260:References
5840:trēs, tria
5687:omnipotens
5665:and other
5610:After the
5579:Vocabulary
5521:-eris/erīs
5469:Imperfect
5415:2nd Person
5412:1st Person
5409:3rd Person
5406:2nd Person
5403:1st Person
5308:participle
5304:infinitive
4985:Adjectives
4839:instrument
4819:Accusative
4740:Nominative
4733:word order
4591:declension
4578:adjectives
4369:Catullus 3
4362:interpunct
4245:Vietnamese
3760:diphthongs
3754:Diphthongs
3721:'siccu').
3714:Vox Latina
3638:(/poʊst/)
3193:/kapiˈjo:/
2945:Always as
2873:Always as
2831:for which
2457:Consonants
2296:Mary Beard
2188:in Austria
2162:Logudorese
2095:Old French
2051:provenance
1952:The Hobbit
1884:Literature
1854:borrowings
1848:and other
1826:Portuguese
1679:Sebastiane
1598:(RAF); and
1390:Ditat deus
1371:Great Seal
1333:Plus ultra
1323:Pro Valore
1276:EU Council
1240:Roman Rota
1212:Roman Rite
1208:vernacular
1056:incunabula
997:vernacular
932:Portuguese
919:See also:
893:After the
881:Late Latin
875:Late Latin
864:Late Latin
705:scholars.
703:Protestant
626:many words
616:Latin has
595:Roman Rite
553:Late Latin
472:is highly
380:pronounced
157:Early form
11267:Quaestors
11197:Empresses
11187:Dynasties
11177:Dictators
11152:and other
11141:Volubilis
11136:Vindobona
11096:Londinium
11021:Theodoret
10991:Procopius
10971:Polyaenus
10946:Pausanias
10848:Vitruvius
10793:Symmachus
10788:Suetonius
10698:Petronius
10683:Obsequens
10648:Macrobius
10643:Lucretius
10568:Frontinus
10543:Eutropius
10528:Columella
10478:Augustine
10468:Appuleius
10416:Neo-Latin
10391:Classical
10382:Versions
10290:Aqueducts
10232:Patronage
10152:Sexuality
10125:Mythology
10100:Education
10090:Cosmetics
9915:Campaigns
9910:Structure
9863:Decemviri
9722:Imperator
9421:overthrow
9250:Neo-Latin
9230:1300–1500
9180:Old Latin
9061:Oenotrian
8989:Vestinian
8802:Ephemeris
8777:Libraries
8767:31 August
8712:. Ray Cui
8702:Phonetics
8522:"Latinum"
8401:. Verbix.
8281:28648475M
8174:251119298
7843:0065-9711
7829:: 19–23.
7730:670475844
7671:Levy 1973
7344:20 August
7321:20 August
7316:The Times
6801:160298764
6793:0069-5580
6711:Demo 2022
6696:9 October
5735:does not
5634:Greek art
5455:-bit, -et
5452:-bis, -ēs
5322:), three
5316:gerundive
5091:(heads),
5061:(help)).
5037:(girl)),
4919:(house),
4877:(such as
4777:partitive
4558:synthetic
4109:Old Latin
4031:Syllables
4026:Syllables
3849:"whose",
3669:(/tɹuː/)
3623:(/pɔɹt/)
3518:(/paɹt/)
3490:grapheme
3448:, called
3263:morphemes
3087:l pinguis
3057:"light L"
2632:voiceless
2598:Fricative
2558:voiceless
2446:Ave Maria
2400:Phonology
2333:Hungarian
2298:wrote in
2176:Education
2055:epigraphy
1949:such as:
1935:, or the
1921:philology
1905:patrician
1866:Norwegian
1846:Sardinian
1763:gymnasium
1755:Gymnasium
1475:Excelsior
1339:Charles V
1281:Consilium
1256:Canon law
1192:Segedunum
1134:Descartes
1129:Principia
1068:Neo-Latin
1046:Neo-Latin
948:Christian
862:. In the
715:Old Latin
709:Old Latin
576:Neo-Latin
549:Petronius
529:Old Latin
283:Glottolog
251:ISO 639-3
233:ISO 639-2
215:ISO 639-1
163:Old Latin
84:Ethnicity
51:Colosseum
11272:Tribunes
11262:Praetors
11212:Generals
11192:Emperors
11101:Lugdunum
11086:Eboracum
11076:Carthage
11061:Aquileia
10976:Polybius
10966:Plutarch
10936:Libanius
10926:Josephus
10921:Herodian
10813:Tibullus
10728:Priscian
10703:Phaedrus
10663:Manilius
10608:Jordanes
10593:Hydatius
10523:Claudian
10503:Catullus
10493:Boëthius
10488:Ausonius
10406:Medieval
10378:Alphabet
10350:Theatres
10325:Numerals
10310:Concrete
10300:Circuses
10267:Bagaudae
10257:Adoption
10252:Marriage
10225:Assembly
10130:Religion
10105:Folklore
10085:Clothing
10080:Calendar
10037:Currency
10027:Commerce
9925:Strategy
9887:Military
9873:Triumvir
9853:Dictator
9848:Interrex
9827:Governor
9812:Quaestor
9775:Ordinary
9757:Province
9747:Tetrarch
9737:Augustus
9702:Vicarius
9692:Officium
9629:Imperium
9579:Plebeian
9539:Republic
9461:Dominate
9428:Republic
9389:Timeline
9217:700–1500
9159:Ages of
9031:Volscian
8984:Sidicini
8959:Hernican
8937:Siculian
8915:Lanuvian
8910:Faliscan
8732:(1911).
8645:17 April
8559:20 April
8504:Archived
8130:3681138M
8103:4483781M
7658:Archived
7613:Archived
7453:culture.
7418:23 April
7412:Archived
7392:23 April
7386:Archived
7366:23 April
7289:Archived
7229:(1949).
7202:Archived
7123:Archived
7019:Archived
6993:Archived
6942:Archived
6938:RTÉ News
6866:25 March
6843:Archived
6650:Archived
6422:(1966).
6363:Archived
6283:5 August
6248:Toponymy
6091:See also
5856:quattuor
5764:May 2020
5682:segments
5674:affixing
5629:balineum
5623:sumbolum
5589:Etruscan
5569:deponent
5492:Perfect
5449:-bō, -am
5423:Present
5395:Singular
5246:experīrī
5094:animalia
5058:auxilium
5025:(dead),
4973:articles
4949:becomes
4937:becomes
4911:Locative
4851:Vocative
4831:Ablative
4765:Genitive
4586:pronouns
4229:Croatian
4115:in Rome.
4067:stressed
4043:phonetic
3747:monstrum
3744:, as in
3588:(/pɪt/)
3568:(/heɪ/)
3553:(/pɛt/)
3112:/skwɪnt/
3078:"dark L"
3066:l exilis
2849:grapheme
2778:⟩
2774:⟨
2463:phonemes
2393:nobility
2366:Zagabria
1925:classics
1858:Albanian
1834:Romanian
1655:Helvetia
1511:Virginia
1469:New York
1455:Missouri
1435:Michigan
1423:Colorado
1224:Holy See
1180:Wallsend
1108:Salutati
1100:Politian
1087:Petrarch
971:Petrarch
958:Empire.
944:Romanian
860:graffiti
809:rhetoric
797:literate
657:medicine
649:theology
636:and the
593:and the
591:Holy See
514:Etruscan
474:fusional
464:academia
361:Help:IPA
296:lati1261
290:impe1234
11242:Legions
11202:Fiction
11172:Consuls
11167:Climate
11121:Ravenna
11116:Pompeii
11106:Lutetia
11071:Bononia
11066:Berytus
11056:Antioch
11031:Zosimus
11026:Zonaras
11001:Sozomen
10986:Priscus
10961:Photius
10803:Terence
10798:Tacitus
10783:Statius
10768:Servius
10753:Sallust
10708:Plautus
10688:Orosius
10668:Martial
10623:Juvenal
10598:Hyginus
10583:Gellius
10442:Writers
10373:History
10355:Thermae
10345:Temples
10295:Bridges
10262:Slavery
10210:Equites
10182:Society
10162:Theatre
10135:Deities
10095:Cuisine
10075:Bathing
10057:Culture
10032:Finance
10009:Economy
9900:Borders
9895:History
9797:Tribune
9792:Praetor
9682:Legatus
9677:Emperor
9564:Curiate
9534:Kingdom
9529:History
9505:History
9488:decline
9446:History
9416:Kingdom
9399:History
9384:Outline
9261:present
9245:present
9204:200–700
9117:of the
9111:extinct
9101:except
9066:Venetic
9042:Unknown
9026:Umbrian
9021:Marsian
9015:Aequian
8979:Samnite
8756:YouTube
8716:25 June
8480:Memrise
8470:Courses
8430:"Words"
7519:"Coins"
7254:(1963).
7101:29 June
7076:29 June
7055:29 June
7025:17 July
6966:16 July
6656:2 March
5875:quīnque
5756:removed
5741:sources
5716:Numbers
5600:histrio
5594:persona
5556:-erant
5553:-erātis
5550:-erāmus
5533:-erint
5510:-ērunt
5446:Future
5398:Plural
5332:aspects
5324:persons
5174:hortārī
5052:mortuum
5046:dominus
5040:mortuus
5013:below.
5010:Numbers
4952:Athēnīs
4946:Athēnae
4744:subject
4534:Grammar
4492:Britain
4425:simply
4385:simply
4373:Venuses
4296:upsilon
4251:, many
4237:Serbian
4233:Bosnian
4225:Slovene
3879:"new".
3732:before
3601:machine
3451:i longa
3440:. Long
3392:upsilon
3286:Central
3259:unnamed
3011:Before
2964:Before
2854:phoneme
2766:doubled
2511:Plosive
2494:Glottal
2484:Palatal
2351:Croatia
2325:Hungary
2241:Minimus
1988:Asterix
1911:of the
1909:floruit
1874:Swedish
1842:Romansh
1838:Catalan
1830:Spanish
1818:Italian
1708:Jughead
1639:Veritas
1525:"); and
1523:tyrants
1385:Arizona
940:Italian
928:Spanish
831:Plautus
813:schools
805:grammar
759:Terence
755:Plautus
686:names.
667:History
630:lexicon
601:at the
597:of the
589:of the
545:Terence
541:Plautus
406:of the
398:) is a
390:Latinum
357:Unicode
57:, Italy
11252:Nomina
11237:Legacy
11217:Gentes
11154:topics
11150:Lists
11131:Smyrna
11011:Strabo
10941:Lucian
10931:Julian
10881:Arrian
10876:Appian
10866:Aelian
10843:Vergil
10618:Justin
10603:Jerome
10588:Horace
10573:Fronto
10563:Florus
10538:Ennius
10518:Cicero
10498:Caesar
10396:Vulgar
10220:Tribes
10147:Romans
9957:Legion
9940:castra
9817:Aedile
9787:Censor
9782:Consul
9742:Caesar
9712:Lictor
9634:Status
9574:Tribal
9554:Senate
9544:Empire
9438:Empire
9374:topics
9070:Celtic
9002:Sabine
8681:
8662:
8626:
8605:
8388:8 June
8296:
8279:
8269:
8250:
8231:
8208:
8189:
8172:
8158:(93).
8128:
8118:
8101:
8091:
8039:20 May
7991:
7851:282713
7849:
7841:
7728:
7718:
7650:
7604:
7580:
7563:
7237:
7162:
6799:
6791:
6624:
6531:
6402:
6079:apices
5988:centum
5981:fifty
5944:VIIII
5932:eight
5913:seven
5905:septem
5849:three
5699:potens
5654:bracae
5617:camera
5507:-istis
5487:-bant
5484:-bātis
5481:-bāmus
5328:voices
5320:supine
5312:gerund
5296:tenses
5240:audīre
5216:dūcere
5198:verērī
5192:monēre
5088:capita
5034:puella
5028:mortua
4880:fīlius
4859:. The
4803:Dative
4781:people
4630:amābit
4616:aspect
4614:, and
4600:number
4596:person
4584:, and
4572:, and
4570:number
4566:gender
4472:Romani
4397:long I
4377:Cupids
4358:apices
4356:, but
4298:, and
4274:, and
4247:, the
4221:Slovak
4217:Polish
4061:Stress
4049:Length
4035:vowels
3968:Close
3923:pūnīre
3864:dēlēvī
3826:coēpit
3781:hui ce
3531:father
3495:phone
3464:macron
3456:long I
3294:Close
3269:Vowels
3172:/jɑɹd/
3144:/waɪn/
3108:squint
3080:, in
3059:, in
3019:, and
2907:/steɪ/
2883:/skaɪ/
2842:Notes
2703:Rhotic
2604:voiced
2517:voiced
2504:labial
2500:plain
2479:Dental
2474:Labial
2385:Poland
2382:
2348:
2322:
2274:, and
2264:Harrow
2254:, the
2145:A few
1870:Danish
1822:French
1813:Legacy
1409:Kansas
1349:legend
1230:, the
1214:. The
1112:Celtis
1028:fueram
942:, and
936:French
841:Cicero
761:. The
659:, and
508:. The
506:aspect
504:, and
490:gender
486:person
482:number
424:Latium
420:Latins
325:Trajan
133:Italic
112:AD 700
96:Romans
91:Latins
70:Latium
10916:Galen
10858:Greek
10828:Varro
10638:Lucan
10450:Latin
10365:Latin
10340:Ships
10330:Roads
10315:Domes
10247:Women
10195:Plebs
10120:Music
9662:Forum
9657:Curia
9259:1900–
9243:1300–
9161:Latin
9103:Latin
8969:Oscan
8920:Latin
8553:(PDF)
8546:(PDF)
8170:S2CID
7847:JSTOR
7783:(PDF)
7772:(PDF)
7205:(PDF)
7194:(PDF)
6797:S2CID
6525:76–81
6376:left.
6019:mīlle
5958:decem
5951:nine
5939:novem
5929:VIII
5883:five
5868:four
5861:IIII
5709:omnis
5693:omnis
5648:beber
5605:Oscan
5547:-erat
5544:-erās
5541:-eram
5524:-erit
5504:-imus
5498:-istī
5392:Tense
5376:I, we
5300:moods
5289:fieri
5285:posse
5273:edere
5269:ferre
5265:velle
5234:-ī-rī
5228:-ī-re
5186:-ē-rī
5180:-ē-re
5168:amāre
5162:-ā-ri
5156:-ā-re
5123:Verbs
5074:omnia
4958:domus
4940:Romae
4922:humus
4916:domus
4898:filiī
4835:agent
4807:stola
4785:gifts
4746:or a
4661:Nouns
4608:voice
4604:tense
4582:nouns
4395:with
4332:from
4292:kappa
4241:Czech
4018:/au̯/
4013:/ae̯/
4008:Open
4002:/ou̯/
3997:/oe̯/
3991:/eu̯/
3986:/ei̯/
3975:/ui̯/
3963:Back
3960:Front
3917:poena
3876:novus
3858:solvī
3852:monuī
3846:cuius
3837:, in
3820:aēnus
3493:Latin
3488:Latin
3471:breve
3409:sylva
3396:Greek
3356:Open
3289:Back
3283:Front
3244:annus
3225:/æks/
3215:: as
3188:capiō
3181:"y" (
3166:) in
3134:, as
3055:, as
3033:/sɪŋ/
3023:, as
3002:/mæn/
2978:/sɪŋ/
2968:, as
2955:/ɡʊd/
2931:/seɪ/
2852:Latin
2847:Latin
2783:vowel
2667:Nasal
2489:Velar
2276:Rugby
2128:Galen
1862:Dutch
1447:, in
773:or a
697:from
645:roots
502:voice
494:tense
432:Tiber
428:Lazio
387:, or
370:Latin
143:Latin
38:Latin
28:Ladin
11232:Laws
11207:Film
11126:Roma
10693:Ovid
10633:Livy
10401:Late
10215:Gens
10172:Wine
9984:Navy
9952:Army
9591:SPQR
9493:fall
9471:fall
9097:All
8769:2018
8718:2010
8679:ISBN
8660:ISBN
8647:2020
8624:ISBN
8603:ISBN
8561:2011
8534:2012
8420:2014
8390:2023
8294:ISBN
8267:ISBN
8248:ISBN
8229:ISBN
8206:ISBN
8187:ISBN
8116:ISBN
8089:ISBN
8041:2015
7989:ISBN
7839:ISSN
7791:2024
7726:OCLC
7716:ISBN
7648:ISBN
7602:ISBN
7578:ISBN
7561:ISBN
7550:1728
7537:2017
7505:2023
7479:2023
7420:2014
7394:2014
7368:2014
7346:2023
7323:2023
7297:2011
7235:ISBN
7213:2017
7160:ISBN
7103:2021
7078:2021
7057:2021
7027:2010
7001:2011
6968:2010
6920:2019
6894:2021
6868:2023
6789:ISSN
6698:2016
6658:2011
6622:ISBN
6587:2019
6561:2019
6529:ISBN
6504:2021
6400:ISBN
6371:2016
6285:2024
5966:ten
5925:IIX
5920:octō
5910:VII
5898:six
5846:III
5833:two
5817:one
5739:any
5737:cite
5518:-erō
5478:-bat
5475:-bās
5472:-bam
5441:-nt
5438:-tis
5435:-mus
5426:-ō/m
5318:and
5277:dare
5261:esse
5204:-ere
5131:and
4964:domī
4934:Roma
4892:filī
4874:-ius
4783:and
4642:-bi-
4636:amā-
4612:mood
4574:case
4542:and
4510:The
4478:The
4375:and
4300:zeta
4286:and
4239:and
4103:The
3981:Mid
3898:and
3870:eius
3840:cavē
3835:/jw/
3813:and
3793:quoi
3787:huic
3701:cute
3687:mule
3667:true
3636:post
3621:port
3516:part
3442:/iː/
3431:apex
3412:and
3402:and
3325:Mid
3255:/nn/
3250:anno
3235:long
3168:yard
3140:wine
3130:and
3084:() (
3082:bowl
3063:() (
3061:link
3029:sing
2974:sing
2951:good
2903:stay
2825:/jw/
2260:Eton
2227:and
2218:The
2168:and
2160:The
2065:The
1872:and
1742:and
1703:Lost
1700:and
1688:and
1156:and
1118:and
1077:The
1044:and
1025:and
1016:eram
1013:and
807:and
757:and
723:The
620:the
543:and
516:and
498:mood
478:case
436:Rome
55:Rome
10386:Old
10070:Art
9843:Rex
9687:Dux
9601:Law
8581:on
8478:on
8160:doi
7985:351
7831:doi
7198:370
6817:in
6781:doi
6757:in
6741:in
6725:in
5948:IX
5895:VI
5890:sex
5865:IV
5830:II
5750:by
5706:of
5676:or
5639:ars
5501:-it
5380:you
5354:us
5281:ire
5222:ūtī
5183:or
5159:or
5083:-ia
5081:or
5069:-ia
4975:so
4928:rus
4862:-us
4856:-us
4837:or
4769:man
4756:or
4725:-ei
4714:-ūs
4703:-is
4681:-ae
4576:in
4525:in
4490:in
4314:/w/
4268:/ɡ/
4016:au
4011:ae
4000:ou
3995:oe
3989:eu
3984:ei
3973:ui
3799:cui
3796:to
3784:to
3736:or
3699:in
3685:in
3665:in
3650:as
3634:in
3619:in
3615:as
3599:in
3586:pit
3584:in
3580:as
3566:hey
3564:in
3551:pet
3549:in
3545:as
3529:in
3514:in
3458:":
3415:ὕλη
3221:axe
3183:/j/
3164:/j/
3138:in
3136:/w/
3106:in
3027:in
2998:man
2996:in
2992:As
2972:in
2949:in
2927:say
2925:in
2921:As
2901:in
2897:As
2879:sky
2877:in
2762:/z/
1895:'s
1792:YLE
1722:by
1531:'s
1513:'s
1499:'s
1485:'s
1471:'s
1457:'s
1437:'s
1425:'s
1411:'s
1399:'s
1387:'s
1126:'s
1022:fui
1010:sum
661:law
458:of
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