220:
428:. Unlike many Garrisonians such as Garrison himself, Chapman gave no indication of being conflicted between the principle of non-coercion and the Civil War's objective of abolishing slavery through violent force. Characteristically, Chapman was as resolute and unapologetic in her new beliefs as she had been in her old. Yet, in spite of her newly-expressed confidence in the state, Chapman seemingly felt little responsibility to former slaves once they had been freed.
44:
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248:
considered to be the most outspoken and active among her family. According to Lee V. Chambers, through their "kin-work", the sisters supported each other through family responsibilities in order to take their active public roles. The
Chapmans became central figures in the "Boston Clique," which primarily consisted of wealthy and socially prominent supporters of
384:(1841-1842) and later in Paris (1848-1855). In spite of her prolonged absences, she still figured centrally in the Boston movement generally and the Boston bazaar particularly. While abroad, she tenaciously solicited support and contributions for the Boston fairs from elite members of British and European society, such as
352:
in 1855. Aside from these works, she published her poems and essays in abolitionist periodicals. In 1840 divisions between
Garrisonians and the more political wing of the anti-slavery movement split the AASS and correspondingly the BFASS into two opposing factions. Maria, nicknamed "Captain Chapman"
436:
In 1830, Henry
Grafton Chapman (1804–1842), a second-generation abolitionist and wealthy Boston merchant; his parents were enthusiastic abolitionists. By all accounts, the Chapmans had a good marriage that was free from ideological and financial strain. During their 12-year marriage, which ended in
247:
Though
Chapman came to the anti-slavery cause through her husband's family, she quickly and stalwartly took up the cause, enduring pro-slavery mobs, social ridicule, and public attacks on her character. Her sisters, notably Caroline and Anne, were also active abolitionists, though Maria is generally
281:
In addition to her fair work, between 1835 and 1865, Chapman served on the executive and business committees of the
Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society (MASS), the New England Anti-Slavery Society (NEASS) and the American Anti-Slavery Society (AASS). Through these she was active in the petition
203:
Bates) Weston. Eventually she had seven younger siblings—five sisters and two brothers. Though the
Westons were not wealthy, they were well connected through her uncle's patronage. She spent several years of her youth living with family in England, where she received a robust education.
239:" and disunion, both of which opposed association with slaveholders. Gerald Sorin writes, "In nonresistance principles and in her 'come-outerism,' she was rigidly dogmatic and self-righteous, believing that 'when one is perfectly right, one neither asks nor needs sympathy.'"
235:, brought about by "moral suasion" or non-resistance. They rejected all political and institutional coercion—including churches, political parties and the federal government—as agencies for ending slavery. They did, however, support moral coercion that encompassed "
277:
and would raise more funds than the bazaar. As described by historian
Benjamin Quarles, through these years Chapman and other abolitionists became experienced in using "all the refined techniques of solicitation" in their fundraising for the cause of abolitionism.
472:
In 1863, except for a passing interest in the AASS, Chapman retired from public life, and for the next two decades, until her death in
Weymouth on July 12, 1885, she "savored the perceived success of her cause and, equally, her own role in the victory."
704:
415:
brought the issue of slavery to the centre of national debate. It was in this period that
Chapman began to manifestly deviate from Garrisonian ideolog, by endorsing the Republican party and later by supporting both the
850:"John J. Chapman, Author, Poet, Dies; New Yorker Succumbs to Long Illness at Age of 71 in Poughkeepsie Hospital. Abandoned Law To Write: Was Central Figure in Several Controversies Funeral in This City Next Wednesday"
264:
as a major fundraising event. She directed the fair until 1858, when she unilaterally decided to replace the bazaar with the Anti-Slavery
Subscription Anniversary. Chapman said that the fair had become
357:" even by her friends, outmaneuvered the opposition. She took control of a resurrected BFASS, which from then on mainly focused on organizing the Boston bazaar as a major fundraiser for abolitionism.
253:
380:
Throughout her three decades of involvement in the anti-slavery movement, Chapman spent considerable amounts of time outside of the United States, first in
211:
in 1828 to serve as principal of a newly-founded, socially-progressive girls' high school. She left the field of education two years later to marry.
465:
261:
935:
1020:
849:
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325:
664:
984:. Items concerning Maria Weston Chapman from Horace Seldon's collection and summary of research of William Lloyd Garrison's
299:
sold at the Boston Bazaar as part of fundraising. The giftbook was composed of contributions from various notable figures:
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705:"Maria Weston Chapman, French Salons, and Transatlantic Abolitionism in the Mid-Nineteenth Century"
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620:
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71:
333:, the official mouthpiece of the AASS. Chapman was also a member of the peace organisation, the
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783:
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401:
393:
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457:
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231:" abolitionists, meaning that they believed in an "immediate" and uncompromising end to
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in 1839 and from 1839 until 1842, she served as editor of the anti-slavery journal
144:
516:
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in 1842, they had four children, one of whom died in early childhood, including:
421:
408:
991:
957:
717:
1004:
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The Abolitionist Sisterhood: Women's Political Culture in Antebellum America
448:(1833–1883), who married Eleanor Kingsland Jay (1839–1921), the daughter of
438:
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219:
397:
228:
43:
946:
906:
Chapman, Maria W. (August 26, 1848). "The Times That Try Men's Souls".
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513:"How Can I Help Abolish Slavery? or, Counsels to the Newly Converted"
296:
988:
original copies at the Boston Public Library, Boston, Massachusetts.
931:, Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, January 2015.
461:
329:
in Garrison's absence, and was on the editorial committee of the
232:
269:; she argued that the Anniversary—an exclusive, invitation-only
208:
200:
381:
685:
625:, Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2015.
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campaigns of the 1830s. She wrote the annual reports of the
344:
Chapman was a prolific writer in her own right, publishing
289:
For nearly 20 years, between 1839 and 1858, Chapman edited
634:
Quarles (1945), "Sources of Abolitionist Income", p. 63.
286:(BFASS) and published tracts to raise public awareness.
785:
Memorials of Harriet Martineau by Maria Weston Chapman
675:
Goodwin, "Maria Weston Chapman and the Weston Sisters"
610:
Goodwin, "Maria Weston Chapman and the Weston Sisters"
969:
Holy Warriors: The Abolitionists and American Slavery
179:. She was elected to the executive committee of the
929:
The Weston Sisters: An American Abolitionist Family
914:(224): 424 – via American Periodicals Series.
622:
The Weston Sisters: An American Abolitionist Family
971:. Revised edition. New York: Hill and Wang, 1997.
940:Dictionary of Unitarian and Universalist Biography
848:
424:'s proposal in 1862 for gradual compensated slave
643:Quarles, "Sources of Abolitionist Income", p. 73.
252:. In 1835, Chapman assumed the leadership of the
1002:
483:Songs of the Free and Hymns of Christian Freedom
466:Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court
175:(July 25, 1806 – July 12, 1885) was an American
583:"Maria Weston Chapman | American abolitionist"
353:and the "great goddess" by her opponents and "
256:, which had been founded the previous year by
953:, Vol. 32, No. 1 (June 1945), pp. 63–76.
936:"Maria Weston Chapman and the Weston Sisters"
577:
575:
273:featuring music, food and speeches—was more
841:
813:
199:to Captain Warren Richard Weston and Anne (
659:. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994.
42:
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733:
716:
702:
572:
951:The Mississippi Valley Historical Review
407:When she returned to the U.S. in 1855, "
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509:"The Times That Try Men's Souls" (1848)
227:Maria and her husband Henry were both "
115: 1830; died 1842)
14:
1003:
781:
739:
242:
1021:People from Weymouth, Massachusetts
24:
921:
350:How Can I Help to Abolish Slavery?
284:Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society
29:19th-century American abolitionist
25:
1047:
975:
195:Maria Weston was born in 1806 in
947:"Sources of Abolitionist Income"
558:Dictionary of American Biography
498:Right and Wrong in Massachusetts
454:U.S. Minister to Austria-Hungary
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346:Right and Wrong in Massachusetts
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48:Chapman, from a 1910 publication
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323:. She also served as editor to
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112:
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331:National Anti-Slavery Standard
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1:
992:Works by Maria Weston Chapman
690:Boston Women's Heritage Trail
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370:Boston Women's Heritage Trail
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181:American Anti-Slavery Society
90:Weymouth, Massachusetts, U.S.
821:"Obituary: Henry G. Chapman"
782:Logan, Deborah Anna (2015).
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1026:19th-century American women
962:American National Biography
895:– via Newspapers.com.
879:"Mrs. Maria Weston Chapman"
837:– via Newspapers.com.
829:. March 17, 1883. p. 5
748:University of Georgia Press
740:Child, Lydia Maria (1998).
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460:and great-granddaughter of
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887:. July 16, 1885. p. 2
375:
309:Elizabeth Barrett Browning
254:Boston Anti-Slavery Bazaar
1036:Massachusetts Republicans
1031:Abolitionists from Boston
718:10.1017/S0018246X23000481
655:, and John C. Van Horne.
569:. Web. February 28, 2013.
446:Henry Grafton Chapman Jr.
360:The church she attended,
295:, an annual anti-slavery
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156:
140:
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122:
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79:
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960:" (biographical entry).
790:Rowman & Littlefield
703:Rivington, Kate (2024).
555:"Maria Weston Chapman."
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967:Stewart, James Brewer.
591:Encyclopedia Britannica
563:Charles Scribner's Sons
197:Weymouth, Massachusetts
72:Weymouth, Massachusetts
709:The Historical Journal
411:" and the rise of the
335:Non-Resistance Society
250:William Lloyd Garrison
224:
958:Chapman, Maria Weston
743:Letters from New-York
517:also at Gutenberg.org
402:Alphonse de Lamartine
394:Alexis de Tocqueville
368:, is featured on the
362:Federal Street Church
222:
101:Henry Grafton Chapman
908:Littell's Living Age
567:Biography In Context
504:"Pinda: A True Tale"
223:Maria Weston Chapman
173:Maria Weston Chapman
36:Maria Weston Chapman
982:The Liberator Files
945:Quarles, Benjamin.
489:Right and Wrong in
456:, granddaughter of
437:Henry's death from
207:Weston returned to
859:. November 5, 1933
856:The New York Times
826:The New York Times
653:Yellin, Jean Fagan
619:Chambers, Lee V.,
538:Edward Strutt Abdy
418:American Civil War
337:, which published
225:
996:Project Gutenberg
927:Chambers, Lee V.
665:978-0-8014-2728-2
524:Harriet Martineau
390:Harriet Martineau
339:The Non-Resistant
313:Harriet Martineau
258:Lydia Maria Child
243:Anti-slavery work
185:The Non-Resistant
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169:
134:Anne Bates Weston
16:(Redirected from
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956:Sorin, Gerald. "
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85:(1885-07-12)
58:Maria Weston
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1016:1885 deaths
1011:1806 births
863:October 12,
458:William Jay
398:Victor Hugo
229:Garrisonian
1005:Categories
750:. p.
686:"Downtown"
544:References
386:Lady Byron
301:Longfellow
275:au courant
191:Early life
147:(grandson)
64:1806-07-25
727:0018-246X
515:(1855) -
366:Unitarian
297:gift book
157:Signature
141:Relatives
131:Parent(s)
805:April 4,
767:April 4,
596:April 4,
565:, 1936.
532:See also
462:John Jay
450:John Jay
123:Children
376:Travels
305:Emerson
233:slavery
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109:
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891:May 9,
833:May 9,
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527:(1877)
506:(1840)
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494:(1836)
491:Boston
485:(1836)
452:, the
400:, and
315:, and
271:soirée
209:Boston
96:Spouse
74:, U.S.
477:Works
382:Haiti
267:passé
111:(
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893:2021
865:2017
835:2021
807:2019
794:ISBN
769:2019
756:ISBN
723:ISSN
661:ISBN
598:2019
420:and
260:and
80:Died
54:Born
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201:née
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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