604:
36:
201:
At least seven galaxies in the chain appear to move coherently, although others appear to be superposed by chance. Six of the points on the chain can be marked by galaxies. The other two points are pairs of galaxies.
194:
can be used to view the fainter galaxies . Near the center there appear the pair of interacting galaxies NGC 4438 and NGC 4435, about 50 million light-years away, known to some as
670:
434:
641:
589:
660:
481:
Markarian, B.E. (1961). "Physical chain of galaxies in the Virgo cluster and its dynamic instability".
634:
665:
603:
125:
675:
615:
129:
67:
627:
560:
517:
490:
8:
564:
521:
494:
140:
20:
533:
269:
244:
50:
41:
568:
525:
508:
Litzroth, E. (1983). "The
Markarian chain of galaxies in the constellation Virgo".
191:
121:
187:
143:, who discovered their common motion in the early 1960s. Member galaxies include
109:
74:
611:
136:
654:
572:
537:
294:
195:
105:
61:
529:
108:. When viewed from Earth, the galaxies lie along a smoothly curved line.
86:
152:
144:
117:
113:
397:
375:
353:
332:
310:
285:
260:
236:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
148:
120:, in 1781. The other galaxies seen in the chain were discovered by
101:
133:
551:
Meurers, J. (1977). "Markarian's Chain of
Galaxies in Virgo".
53:
35:
462:
French, Sue (2004). "Deep-Sky
Wonders: Markarian's Chain".
124:
and are now known primarily by their catalog numbers in
132:, published in 1888. It was ultimately named after the
16:
Stretch of galaxies that is a part of the Virgo
Cluster
186:
The bright members of the chain are visible through
652:
277:High-speed motion relative to the Virgo Cluster
183:. It is located at RA 12 27 and Dec +13° 10′.
635:
302:Interacting with NGC 4435, tidal disruptions
457:
455:
642:
628:
324:Companion to NGC 4438, tidal interactions
480:
452:
590:The clickable Markarian's Chain of Virgo
507:
550:
653:
461:
112:first discovered two of the galaxies,
598:
252:Contains a supermassive black hole
13:
205:
14:
687:
671:Discoveries by Benjamin Markarian
610:This galaxy-related article is a
583:
602:
34:
544:
501:
474:
427:
1:
420:
614:. You can help Knowledge by
7:
10:
692:
597:
18:
553:Astronomische Nachrichten
510:Astronomische Nachrichten
389:Features a bar structure
85:
73:
60:
48:
33:
28:
573:10.1002/asna.19772980206
439:Adventures in Deep Space
383:Barred lenticular galaxy
318:Barred Lenticular galaxy
91:+13° 10′
40:Markarian's Chain in an
19:Not to be confused with
530:10.1002/asna.2113040204
104:that forms part of the
307:Eyes Galaxies, Arp 120
282:Eyes Galaxies, Arp 120
126:John Louis Emil Dreyer
661:Virgo (constellation)
130:New General Catalogue
483:Astronomical Journal
565:1977AN....298..103M
522:1983AN....304...69L
495:1961AJ.....66..555M
464:Sky & Telescope
435:"NGC 204000-204999"
411:Smaller elliptical
141:Benjamin Markarian
49:Observation data (
21:Markarian galaxies
623:
622:
415:
414:
405:Elliptical galaxy
361:Elliptical galaxy
340:Lenticular galaxy
270:Lenticular galaxy
245:Elliptical galaxy
228:Notable Features
192:Larger telescopes
98:Markarian's Chain
95:
94:
42:amateur telescope
29:Markarian's Chain
683:
644:
637:
630:
606:
599:
577:
576:
548:
542:
541:
505:
499:
498:
478:
472:
471:
459:
450:
449:
447:
446:
431:
210:
209:
196:Markarian's Eyes
188:small telescopes
122:William Herschel
100:is a stretch of
81:
38:
26:
25:
691:
690:
686:
685:
684:
682:
681:
680:
651:
650:
649:
648:
595:
586:
581:
580:
549:
545:
506:
502:
479:
475:
460:
453:
444:
442:
433:
432:
428:
423:
417:
222:Characteristics
208:
206:Notable Objects
110:Charles Messier
79:
75:Right ascension
44:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
689:
679:
678:
673:
668:
663:
647:
646:
639:
632:
624:
621:
620:
607:
593:
592:
585:
584:External links
582:
579:
578:
559:(2): 103–106.
543:
500:
473:
451:
425:
424:
422:
419:
413:
412:
409:
406:
403:
400:
395:
391:
390:
387:
384:
381:
378:
373:
369:
368:
367:Fast rotation
365:
362:
359:
356:
351:
347:
346:
344:
341:
338:
335:
330:
326:
325:
322:
319:
316:
313:
308:
304:
303:
300:
297:
291:
288:
283:
279:
278:
275:
272:
266:
263:
258:
254:
253:
250:
247:
242:
239:
234:
230:
229:
226:
225:Distance (Mly)
223:
220:
217:
214:
207:
204:
137:astrophysicist
93:
92:
89:
83:
82:
77:
71:
70:
65:
58:
57:
46:
45:
39:
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
688:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
666:Virgo Cluster
664:
662:
659:
658:
656:
645:
640:
638:
633:
631:
626:
625:
619:
617:
613:
608:
605:
601:
600:
596:
591:
588:
587:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
547:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
504:
496:
492:
488:
484:
477:
469:
465:
458:
456:
440:
436:
430:
426:
418:
410:
407:
404:
401:
399:
396:
393:
392:
388:
385:
382:
379:
377:
374:
371:
370:
366:
363:
360:
357:
355:
352:
349:
348:
345:
342:
339:
336:
334:
331:
328:
327:
323:
320:
317:
314:
312:
309:
306:
305:
301:
298:
296:
295:spiral galaxy
292:
289:
287:
284:
281:
280:
276:
273:
271:
267:
264:
262:
259:
256:
255:
251:
248:
246:
243:
240:
238:
235:
232:
231:
227:
224:
221:
218:
215:
212:
211:
203:
199:
197:
193:
189:
184:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
106:Virgo Cluster
103:
99:
90:
88:
84:
78:
76:
72:
69:
66:
63:
62:Constellation
59:
55:
52:
47:
43:
37:
32:
27:
22:
676:Galaxy stubs
616:expanding it
609:
594:
556:
552:
546:
516:(2): 69–72.
513:
509:
503:
486:
482:
476:
467:
463:
443:. Retrieved
441:. 2017-11-30
438:
429:
416:
200:
185:
97:
96:
489:: 555–557.
470:(5): 88–91.
219:Galaxy Type
216:Designation
213:Galaxy Name
87:Declination
655:Categories
445:2023-01-14
421:References
293:Distorted
538:0004-6337
398:NGC 4458
394:NGC 4458
376:NGC 4477
372:NGC 4477
354:NGC 4473
350:NGC 4473
333:NGC 4461
329:NGC 4461
311:NGC 4435
286:NGC 4438
261:NGC 4406
237:NGC 4374
181:NGC 4435
177:NGC 4438
173:NGC 4458
169:NGC 4461
165:NGC 4473
161:NGC 4477
157:NGC 4406
149:NGC 4374
134:Armenian
102:galaxies
561:Bibcode
518:Bibcode
491:Bibcode
268:Barred
536:
290:SA0/Sb
80:12 27
265:S0/E3
68:Virgo
54:J2000
51:Epoch
612:stub
534:ISSN
179:and
116:and
569:doi
557:298
526:doi
514:304
468:107
380:SB0
337:SB0
257:M86
233:M84
159:),
153:M86
151:),
145:M84
128:'s
118:M86
114:M84
64:(s)
657::
567:.
555:.
532:.
524:.
512:.
487:66
485:.
466:.
454:^
437:.
408:53
402:E0
386:50
364:50
358:E5
343:50
321:52
315:S0
299:52
274:52
249:60
241:E1
198:.
190:.
175:,
171:,
167:,
163:,
139:,
643:e
636:t
629:v
618:.
575:.
571::
563::
540:.
528::
520::
497:.
493::
448:.
155:(
147:(
56:)
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
