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874:, Washington was immediately faced with the pressure of representing the United States. She had to present the United States as a dignified nation to establish credibility among the countries of Europe, but she also had to respect the spirit of democracy by refusing to present herself as a queen. She was also aware that the precedent she set would be inherited by future presidential wives. Washington balanced these responsibilities by playing the role of a social hostess at presidential events, a role that would become the primary function of the first lady. In turn, this made the position of first lady an important point of contact between the president and the people.
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his administrative role as head of government. This would be the standard of presidential wives for the next century. Washington was recognized for her humility and her mild-mannered nature, to the point that her contemporaries were often taken by surprise when meeting her. No personal records of
Washington exist from before the death of her first husband, and she destroyed many letters that she had written since then. Many recipients of her letters kept them, however, and those letters have been preserved in archives such as at Mount Vernon and the Virginia Historical Society. Several collections of these letters have been published.
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685:, living in retirement with their nephew, nieces, and grandchildren. Washington, now in poorer health, believed that her husband was finished with public service. She spent her time raising their grandchildren, constantly worried for their health after having all four of her children and many other relatives die of illness. She also resumed hosting company at Mount Vernon, recruiting several of her nieces and other young women to assist her, as the house was overwhelmed with visitors. Their life at Mount Vernon was interrupted again when he was asked to participate at the
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443:. She had three brothers and four sisters: John (1733–1749), William (1734–1776), Bartholomew (1737–1785), Anna Maria "Fanny" Bassett (1739–1777), Frances Dandridge (1744–1757), Elizabeth Aylett Henley (1749–1800), and Mary Dandridge (1756–1763). As the oldest of eight, including one sister that was 25 years her junior, Dandridge played a maternal and domestic role beginning early in life. Dandridge may have also had an illegitimate half-sister born into slavery, Ann Dandridge Costin, and an illegitimate white half-brother, Ralph Dandridge.
727:, only arriving in May 1789. The journey was followed by the press, which was unprecedented in the attention that it paid to a woman's actions, and the entourage was met with admirers and fanfare in each town that it passed through. It was during this journey that she gave her only public speech as first lady, thanking those that came to see her. She arrived on the presidential barge, escorted by her husband, immediately establishing the president's wife as a public figure. After arriving at the capital, Washington became the inaugural
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797:). Washington much preferred the Philadelphia residence, as it had a greater social life and was closer to Mount Vernon. Early in her husband's presidency, she had little opportunity to go out, as any action she took would have political implications. After their move to Philadelphia, the Washingtons loosened their self-imposed limits on personal activity. While serving as first lady, Washington became close to Polly Lear, the wife of her husband's secretary
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burden on Custis while she was raising her two surviving children and grieving the losses of her husband, two children, and her father. She was also left with the responsibility of managing the farmland and overseeing the well-being of the slaves. According to her biographer, "she capably ran the five plantations left to her when her first husband died, bargaining with London merchants for the best tobacco prices".
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dress. Two and a half years after the death of her husband, Washington died on May 22, 1802, at the age of 70. Following her death, Washington's body was interred in the original
Washington family tomb vault at Mount Vernon. In 1831, the surviving executors of George's estate removed the bodies of the Washingtons from the old vault to a similar structure within the present enclosure at Mount Vernon.
903:, making the return journey to Mount Vernon, which by then had begun to decay. Again they went into retirement, and they saw to several renovations for their home. In the years after the presidency, the Washingtons received more visitors than ever, from friends and strangers alike. They eventually took in one of the former president's nephews,
2498:"Eleanor Roosevelt Retains Top Spot as America's Best First Lady Michelle Obama Enters Study as 5th, Hillary Clinton Drops to 6th Clinton Seen First Lady Most as Presidential Material; Laura Bush, Pat Nixon, Mamie Eisenhower, Bess Truman Could Have Done More in Office Eleanor & FDR Top Power Couple; Mary Drags Lincolns Down in the Ratings"
371:. During the war, she played a maternal role, visiting encampments when fighting stalled each winter. Her only surviving child, John, died from a camp illness during the war. After the war ended in 1783, she sought retirement at Mount Vernon, but returned to public life when her husband became president of the United States in 1789.
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The onset of epiglottitis is usually acute and fulminating. Sore throat, hoarseness, dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), and respiratory distress accompanied by drooling, shortness of breath, rapid pulse, and inspiratory stridor (harsh high pitched respiratory noise heard while the patient is inhaling
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Washington presented an image of herself as an amiable wife, but privately she complained about the restrictions placed on her life. She found the pageantry of the presidency to be boring and artificial. Washington was not exempt from the political attacks often levied at her husband's administration
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gave
Washington a full-length portrait painting of her husband as a gift. It was displayed in their home at Mount Vernon in the New Room. When Washington learned that her husband might take on a second term as president, she uncharacteristically protested against the decision. Despite her opposition,
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The
Continental Army settled in Valley Forge, the third of the eight winter encampments of the Revolution, on December 19, 1777. Washington traveled 10 days and hundreds of miles to join her husband in Pennsylvania. On April 6, Elizabeth Drinker and three friends arrived at Valley Forge to plead with
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has periodically conducted surveys asking historians to assess
American first ladies according to a cumulative score on the independent criteria of their background, value to the country, intelligence, courage, accomplishments, integrity, leadership, being their own women, public image, and value to
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outright, and the remaining two thirds were granted to their two young children. The total inheritance amounted to approximately $ 33,000 (equivalent to $ 1,104,439 in 2023), 17,000 acres of land, and hundreds of slaves. The legal and financial matters of the inheritance presented a considerable
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during their years as temporary capitals. Taking her responsibility as the lady of the house seriously, Washington returned the official calls of every lady that left her card at the heavily-trafficked presidential home to ensure that everyone could reach the president, always doing so within three
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the
General to release their husbands from jail; the men, all Quakers, had refused to swear a loyalty oath to the American revolutionaries. Because the commander was not available at first, the women visited with Martha. Drinker described her later in her diary as "a sociable pretty kind of Woman".
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observed that she loved "her husband madly". Washington was kept informed of the war's developments by her husband, sometimes performing clerical work for him, and she was even permitted to know military secrets. She became a symbol of the war effort, alongside George
Washington, as a grandmotherly
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The revolution was the first time in their marriage that they were apart for an extended period. In the fall of 1775, Washington traveled to
Massachusetts to meet with her husband. On the journey north, she experienced her newfound celebrity status for the first time as the wife of a famed general.
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Just as her husband had set the precedent for the presidency, Washington established what would eventually become the role of first lady. She was prominent in the ceremonial aspects of the presidency, assisting her husband in his role as head of state, but she had very little public involvement in
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Washington's health, always somewhat precarious, declined after her husband's death. She had anticipated her death since that of her husband. When she developed a fever in 1802, she burned all of her husband's letters to her, summoned a clergyman to administer last communion, and chose her funeral
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criticized her as emulating royalty and encouraging aristocracy. At the same time, other critics accused her social activities of being too informal. To her displeasure, she found that she was constantly the subject of public attention, and she was forced to pay increased attention to her hair and
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events on
Fridays in which ladies were permitted to attend. She would remain seated during such events while the president greeted their guests. The guests were at first uncertain as to whether they should follow the royal custom of waiting for the hostess to leave before they do, and she resolved
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Dandridge's father was well connected with the
Virginia aristocracy despite his relative lack of wealth, and she was taught to behave as a woman of the upper class. She received a relatively high quality education for the daughter of a planter, though it was still inferior to that of her brothers.
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Washington took on the social role of the president's wife reluctantly, becoming a national celebrity in the process. She found this life unpleasant, feeling that she was restricted and wishing for retirement. In addition to hosting weekly social events, Washington understood that how she composed
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where she knitted, sewed, and responded to letters. Though she was the legal owner of her husband's property, she gave control of its business affairs to her relatives. She also inherited her husband's slaves on the condition that they be freed upon her death. Fearing that these slaves might hurt
475:. Here they had four children: Daniel, born 1751; Frances, born 1753; John, born 1754; and Martha, born 1756. Daniel died in 1754 and Frances died in 1757. Daniel Parke Custis was one of the wealthiest men in the Virginia colony as well as one of the largest slaveowners, owning nearly 300 slaves.
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social season, and they courted over the following months during his leaves from the military. By another, they were introduced by Colonel Chamberlayne, a mutual acquaintance, when they both stayed the night at his home in May 1758. They married on January 6, 1759, at the White House plantation.
528:. Their marriage remained happy over the following 40 years, in part because of their similar worldviews. It was a marriage based in mutual respect and shared habits, with both maintaining similar schedules in day-to-day life and both prioritizing family and image over excitement and vice.
625:, from where he and the other Continental Army officers were operating. While staying in Cambridge, she served as a hostess for guests of the officers. She would also sew clothes for the soldiers while at camp, encouraging other officers' wives to do the same, leading to the creation of a
545:. Washington entertained almost daily, having visitors for dinner or for longer stays as the family became more prominent in the political and social life of Virginia. Washington's husband used her wealth to expand their home at Mount Vernon and turn it into a profitable estate.
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the issue by announcing her husband always retired at nine. She was careful during these events to avoid political talk, encouraging a change of subject when it came up. The social circles that developed among those in American politics at this time became known as the
467:, was highly selective of what woman would marry into the family's fortune. She eventually won his approval, and Dandridge married Custis, who was two decades her senior, on May 15, 1750. After they were married, Custis moved with her husband to his residence at
347:, defining the role of the president's wife and setting many precedents that future first ladies observed. During her tenure, she was referred to as "Lady Washington". Washington is consistently ranked in the upper half of first ladies by historians.
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escaped and fled to New Hampshire. Despite Washington's insistence to her husband that Judge should be returned and again should be Washington's slave, the president did not attempt to pursue Judge. Washington's tenure as first lady ended in 1797.
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In the 2008 Siena Research Institute survey, Washington was ranked 3rd-highest in the criteria of public image. In the 2014 survey, Washington and her husband were ranked the 2nd-highest out of 39 first couples in terms of being a "power couple".
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Custis became a widow at the age of 26 when her husband died (possibly from a severe infection of the throat). Upon his death, she inherited the large estate that he had previously inherited from his father. After his death in 1757, she received
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government. The Washingtons returned to Mount Vernon in 1797, and she spent her retirement years greeting admirers and advising her successors. She was widowed for a second time in 1799, and she died two-and-a-half years later in 1802.
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From 1759 to 1775, the Washingtons lived at Mount Vernon where they tended to their plantation. Washington ran the household and regularly entertained visitors. She knitted and oversaw the making of clothes, and she became talented in
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on May 15, 1750, and the couple had four children, only one of whom survived to adulthood. She was widowed in 1757 at the age of 26, inheriting a large estate. She was remarried to George Washington in 1759, moving to his plantation,
645:, as George faced increased risks on the battlefield. Each winter, Washington would join her husband at his encampment while fighting was stalled. The quality of her housing varied during these visits, both in comfort and in safety.
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During the Revolutionary War, one of the regiments at Valley Forge named themselves "Lady Washington's Dragoon" in her honor.The Martha Washington College for Women was founded in Abingdon, Virginia in 1860. It was merged with
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Washington was forced to take control of the presidential residence at one point shortly after her husband's presidency began, forbidding guests from entering, as he was undergoing the removal of a tumor. In July 1790, artist
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politics, in part because of the central role he played in criticizing the Washington administration. Washington took offense when Jefferson became president, as she felt that he did not give adequate respect to the office.
817:. The time she spent with her grandchildren was another high point for Washington, who would sometimes take them to shows and museums. She also made a point of frequently attending church, owing to her firm
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The Washingtons had no children together, but they raised Martha's two surviving children. She was highly protective of them, especially after her two previous children had died and Patsy was found to have
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633:. She accompanied her husband when operations were relocated to New York, but she was sent to Philadelphia as British forces came closer. Each spring, when conflict resumed, she returned to Mount Vernon.
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Washington offered to pay for the education of ... George Washington Greene. It was yet another example of Washington's extraordinary generosity in caring for the offspring of friends and family
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against France, but no such conflict took place. Her husband died of a severe throat infection on December 14, 1799 at the age of 67. As a widow, Washington spent her final years living in a
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2536:"Ranking America's First Ladies Eleanor Roosevelt Still #1 Abigail Adams Regains 2nd Place Hillary moves from 5th to 4th; Jackie Kennedy from 4th to 3rd Mary Todd Lincoln Remains in 36th"
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the president. Consistently, Washington has been ranked in the upper-half of first ladies by historians in these surveys. In terms of cumulative assessment, Washington has been ranked:
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As the inaugural first lady, many of Washington's practices in the White House became traditions for future first ladies, including the opening of the White House to the public on
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After the war, Washington was not fully supportive of her husband's agreeing to be president of the newly formed United States. She did not immediately join him at the capital in
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series. Washington's image was featured on the one dollar silver certificate banknote beginning in 1886, making her the second woman to appear on an American banknote after
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Washington retained an interest in the presidency after her tenure as first lady, beginning the tradition of advising her successors. The Washington family long disliked
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in 1775, overseeing the construction of new wings to their home. She then moved to the home of her brother-in-law so as not to be so conspicuous a target during the
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359:. Her youngest daughter died of epilepsy in 1773, and the Washingtons were unable to conceive any children of their own. Washington became a symbol of the
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that contributed to the war effort. Though she hid it from those around her, Washington was frightened by the gunfire that could be heard from the nearby
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her, she freed them. She did not have the authority to free her dower slaves, and she chose not to free the one slave, Elish, whom she personally owned.
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The couple honeymooned at the Custis family's White House plantation, followed by a stay in Williamsburg where her husband was a representative in the
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herself would reflect on the nation, both domestically and abroad. As such, she struck a careful balance between the dignity associated with a
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Shields, David S.; Teute, Fredrika J. (June 2015). "The Republican Court and the Historiography of a Women's Domain in the Public Sphere".
977:. Martha Washington Seminary, a finishing school for young women in Washington, DC, was opened in 1905, and it ceased operations in 1949.
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clothes each day. Despite this, she still opted to dress simply in homespun clothes, feeling that it was more appropriate in a republic.
2084:) develop in rapid order. Death from this dysorder is caused by obstruction of the patient's airway and is very painful and frightening.
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Doherty, Michael J. (August 2004). "The sudden death of Patsy Custis, or George Washington on sudden unexplained death in epilepsy".
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testing new metals have been produced by the U.S. mint, or a company contracted to it, with Martha Washington on the obverse.
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673:. The Washingtons also provided personal and financial support to the children of many of their relatives and friends.
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in February 1774. The Washingtons hoped for more children throughout their marriage, but they were unable to conceive.
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2065:"George Washington's Terminal Illness: A Modern Medical Analysis of the Last Illness and Death of George Washington"
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America's Early Women Celebrities: The Famous and Scorned from Martha Washington to Silent Film Star Mary Fuller
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he was reelected in 1793, and she reluctantly accepted four more years as the wife of the president. The young
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movement and his work to advance his beliefs in the cause. She stayed at Mount Vernon when he was appointed
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by opposition-owned newspapers. While her social role was celebrated by her husband's supporters, the
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featuring Martha Washington, the first stamp to honor an American woman, was issued as part of the
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in 1790, and the presidential residence again moved, this time to a house on High Street (now
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The Washingtons returned to Mount Vernon in 1783. They stayed at Mount Vernon for much of the
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Portrait of Martha Washington (early-mid-19th century, National Portrait Gallery, Washington)
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Brady, Patricia (1996). "Martha (Dandridge Custis) Washington". In Gould, Lewis L. (ed.).
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in 1918, and the main original building of Martha Washington College was converted to the
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The American Revolution became increasingly stressful for Martha after the signing of the
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343:. Although the title was not coined until after her death, she served as the inaugural
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ed. Richard K. Showman (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1980), 2:276.
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3069:
3054:
3044:
2944:
2884:
1976:
1681:
1293:
1168:
999:
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stamp, it was printed in violet-black ink. The second stamp issued in her honor, a
923:
756:
610:
368:
2692:
1526:
665:. After his death, the Washingtons took in the youngest two of his four children,
657:
The Washingtons' son John was serving as a civilian aide to his father during the
524:
estate. At the time of their wedding, she was one of the wealthiest widows in the
6456:
6436:
6267:
6099:
6038:
5964:
5928:
5857:
5602:
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5301:
5179:
5075:
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4033:
3935:
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3547:
3467:
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3379:
3364:
3359:
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3109:
3094:
3019:
2974:
2939:
1809:
1418:
879:
662:
630:
579:
558:
147:
2599:. Siena Research Institute/C-SPAN Study of the First Ladies of the United States
1685:
6502:
6451:
6288:
6247:
6201:
6135:
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6058:
5989:
5923:
5877:
5571:
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5490:
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5095:
4579:
4387:
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3691:
3649:
3527:
3437:
3126:
3049:
2989:
2894:
2879:
472:
436:
433:
412:
Martha Dandridge was born on June 2, 1731, on her parents' tobacco plantation,
300:
2049:
6655:
6561:
6344:
6186:
6160:
6053:
5979:
5954:
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5335:
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3711:
3622:
3462:
3402:
3353:
3131:
2909:
2869:
2814:
2762:
1840:
1811:
The Diary of Elizabeth Drinker: The Life Cycle of an Eighteenth-Century Woman
981:
871:
851:
826:
810:
750:
Washington was also tasked by her husband with the responsibility of hosting
724:
626:
448:
380:
376:
194:
181:
110:
5420:
2673:
General and Mrs. Washington: The Untold Story of a Marriage and a Revolution
1798:. Vol. 32. Detroit: Gale, 2012. Biography in Context. Web. October 15, 2015.
1745:
1322:
An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of America
1100:— the only town in the United States named after Martha Dandridge Washington
6395:
6318:
6079:
6043:
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5938:
5821:
5714:
5704:
5688:
5658:
5586:
5495:
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5152:
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4455:
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4060:
3989:
3502:
3452:
3407:
3374:
3256:
3104:
3099:
3039:
2954:
2889:
2715:
The Washingtons: George and Martha. "Join'd by Friendship, Crown'd by Love"
2029:
1723:
The Perfect Gentleman: The Life and Letters of George Washington Custis Lee
1693:
1032:
818:
790:
751:
743:
521:
356:
2183:
Southwest Virginia Crossroads: An Almanac of Place Names and Places to See
1980:
1172:
400:
6308:
6262:
6211:
6206:
6196:
5709:
5612:
5500:
4023:
3732:
3681:
3577:
3517:
3477:
3334:
3064:
2969:
2949:
2749:
1772:
ed. Stanley J. Idzerda (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1977), 1: 225.
1727:
798:
464:
1988:
910:
Washington feared that her husband would again be called away to lead a
6512:
5520:
5394:
5355:
4418:
4282:
3737:
3654:
3582:
3552:
3537:
3522:
3427:
3384:
3314:
3136:
3121:
3089:
2218:
1648:
First Ladies and the Press: The Unfinished Partnership of the Media Age
1305:
1028:
839:
806:
542:
1765:"Lafayette to Adrienne de Noailles de Lafayette, January 6, 1778," in
6441:
3562:
3532:
3309:
3283:
3084:
1781:"Nathanael Greene to Gen. Alexander McDougall, February 5, 1778", in
405:
332:
3770:
1297:
50:
2622:
Bibliography of United States presidential spouses and first ladies
2011:"Painting by Washington's Aide de Camp Now on View at Mount Vernon"
1808:
Drinker, Elizabeth (October 11, 2011). Crane, Elaine Forman (ed.).
1621:"Fresh Look at Martha Washington: Less First Frump, More Foxy Lady"
661:
in 1781 when he died of "camp fever", a contemporary diagnosis for
550:
429:
2473:"Martha Washington featured on this fascinating 1965 pattern coin"
1835:
Chernow, Ron (2010). "Chapter Forty-One "The Ruins of the Past"".
4451:
Longfellow House–Washington's Headquarters National Historic Site
597:
escalated in the 1770s. Though rumors were spread that she was a
2114:"The Twilight Years: The Deaths of George and Martha Washington"
3611:
2778:
915:
2739:
1284:
Cary, Wilson Miles (July 1896). "The Dandridges of Virginia".
938:
Tomb of George Washington (Right) and Martha Washington (Left)
696:
454:
554:
480:
1164:
First Ladies of the United States: A Biographical Dictionary
1023:
stamp was issued in 1938 to honor Washington as part of the
487:
408:
by John Folwell (1863) after a portrait by John Wollaston
2448:"Who was the first woman depicted on American currency?"
742:. She hosted many affairs of state at New York City and
2034:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland Publishers. pp. 18–22.
899:
The Washingtons left the capital immediately after the
834:
joined the Washington family in 1795 while his father,
508:
By one account Custis met George Washington during the
2241:"Martha Washington Inn Opens for Business at Abingdon"
2151:
George Washington's Mount Vernon: Digital Encyclopedia
1903:
First Ladies: From Martha Washington to Michelle Obama
1560:
George Washington's Mount Vernon: Digital Encyclopedia
2852:
706:
Republican Court, or, Lady Washington's Reception Day
4491:
Washington's relations with the Iroquois Confederacy
3222:
439:, a Virginia planter and county clerk who emigrated
1528:
American First Ladies: Their Lives and Their Legacy
886:
4698:General George Washington Resigning His Commission
1256:
689:in 1787 and again when he was chosen as the first
564:
1651:. Northwestern University Press. pp. 27–30.
1387:Diller, Daniel C.; Robertson, Stephen L. (2001).
27:First Lady of the United States from 1789 to 1797
6653:
4659:George Washington and the Revolutionary War Door
2765:at the National First Ladies Library (biography)
2570:. Sienna College Research Institute/C-SPAN. 2014
1814:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 75.
781:The first presidential residence was a house on
593:Life for the Washingtons was interrupted as the
553:. In 1773, Patsy died when she was 17 during an
2694:Worthy Partner: The Papers of Martha Washington
1768:Lafayette in the Age of the American Revolution
1386:
1257:Schneider, Dorothy; Schneider, Carl J. (2010).
895:Washington's chambers after her husband's death
4735:George Washington Taking the Salute at Trenton
4103:Initiated, co-wrote, 1769 Virginia Association
2215:"A Brief History of Emory & Henry College"
1906:. Oxford University Press, USA. pp. 3–8.
1263:(3rd ed.). Facts on File. pp. 1–10.
1031:. To prevent confusion with existing coinage,
5450:
5436:
3786:
3208:
2838:
2711:
2541:. Siena Research Institute. December 18, 2008
2507:. Siena Research Institute. February 15, 2014
1943:America's First Ladies: Changing Expectations
1002:printed in yellow-brown ink, was released in
2530:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2120:. Martha Washington – A Life. Archived from
2095:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1966:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1220:
636:
4156:1788–89 United States presidential election
2553:
2217:. Emory & Henry College. Archived from
2003:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1167:. Lynne Rienner Publishers. pp. 9–18.
738:, a practice that would continue until the
697:First lady of the United States (1789–1797)
502:The Marriage of Washington to Martha Custis
455:Marriage to Daniel Parke Custis (1749–1757)
5443:
5429:
3793:
3779:
3215:
3201:
2845:
2831:
2062:
1640:
1638:
1636:
49:
5128:Washington–Rochambeau Revolutionary Route
4871:Washington and Jefferson National Forests
4602:Washington Monument (Boonsboro, Maryland)
2519:
2490:
2291:
2063:Wallenborn, White McKenzie, M.D. (1999).
1892:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1550:
1548:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1467:. Oxford University Press. pp. 3–12.
586:1856, based on a portrait by his father,
488:Marriage to George Washington (1758–1774)
387:
379:'s wife and the humility associated with
4266:United States Capitol cornerstone laying
4128:Chairman, 1787 Constitutional Convention
2669:
2652:Martha Washington: First Lady of Liberty
1939:
1920:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1486:
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1446:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1352:Martha Washington, First Lady of Liberty
1197:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1038:
959:
933:
890:
850:
766:
700:
573:
496:
492:
399:
391:
4456:Ford Mansion, Washington's headquarters
4348:John Rutledge Supreme Court nominations
4133:George Washington's political evolution
2141:
2139:
2108:
2106:
1834:
1807:
1783:The Papers of General Nathanael Greene,
1671:
1644:
1633:
1618:
1612:
1412:
1410:
1344:
1342:
1318:
1260:First Ladies: A Biographical Dictionary
261: 1759; died 1799)
236: 1750; died 1757)
78:April 30, 1789 – March 4, 1797
14:
6767:18th-century American women landowners
6654:
5238:(step-granddaughter, adopted daughter)
4537:Electoral history of George Washington
2690:
2445:
2186:. The Overmountain Press. p. 76.
2179:
2027:
1896:
1879:
1545:
1460:
1160:
671:George Washington Parke (Washy) Custis
6747:People from New Kent County, Virginia
6543:
6010:
5462:
5424:
5200:Attempted theft of Washington's skull
5081:Founding Fathers of the United States
3904:Washington in the American Revolution
3800:
3774:
3196:
2826:
2648:
2627:
1940:Feinberg, Barbara Silberdick (1998).
1719:
1708:
1588:
1531:. Garland Publishing. pp. 2–15.
1524:
1471:
1437:
1416:
1369:
1348:
1137:
676:
5674:Annabelle Ravenscroft Gibson Jenkins
4856:Washington Masonic National Memorial
4684:General George Washington at Trenton
4542:Post-presidency of George Washington
4118:Court of Appeals in Cases of Capture
3909:Commander-in-chief, Continental Army
2136:
2103:
1619:Schulte, Brigid (February 2, 2009).
1589:Brady, Patricia (December 7, 2020).
1407:
1339:
1319:Wiencek, Henry (November 12, 2013).
1283:
650:figure that cared for the soldiers.
6677:19th-century American Episcopalians
6672:18th-century American Episcopalians
5868:Mary Alice Franklin Hatwood Futrell
5827:Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan
5195:George Washington Memorial Building
4261:Presidential Succession Act of 1792
2784:First Ladies: Influence & Image
2631:Martha Washington: An American Life
2446:Fuller, Harcourt (April 22, 2016).
569:
24:
6742:People from Mount Vernon, Virginia
6697:American people of English descent
4861:George Washington Memorial Parkway
4851:Washington University in St. Louis
2771:(George Washington's Mount Vernon)
2615:
2397:from the original on June 21, 2023
2367:from the original on June 21, 2023
2357:"Fourth Bureau Issues (1922-1930)"
2337:from the original on June 21, 2023
2327:"Second Bureau Issues (1902-1908)"
2298:. Arcadia Publishing. p. 62.
964:Martha Washington 1902 issue stamp
329:Martha Dandridge Custis Washington
30:For the comic book character, see
25:
6778:
6737:First ladies of the United States
6192:Elizabeth Ambler Brent Carrington
4051:Resignation as commander-in-chief
2854:First ladies of the United States
2733:
2427:from the original on June 1, 2023
1591:"Daniel Parke Custis (1711–1757)"
1556:"Martha Washington & Slavery"
424:. She was the oldest daughter of
404:Martha Dandridge Custis in 1757:
6762:Women in the American Revolution
6702:American people of Welsh descent
6572:Elizabeth Dabney Langhorne Lewis
6314:Elizabeth Bray Allen Smith Stith
6115:Elizabeth Henry Campbell Russell
5404:
5403:
5185:Mount Vernon Ladies' Association
4965:Mount Rushmore Anniversary coins
4670:Washington Crossing the Delaware
4108:Initiated, 1774 Fairfax Resolves
3943:New York and New Jersey campaign
3755:
3754:
3265:
3224:Women in the American Revolution
2155:Mount Vernon Ladies' Association
2015:Mount Vernon Ladies' Association
1866:Mount Vernon Ladies' Association
1599:Dictionary of Virginia Biography
1564:Mount Vernon Ladies' Association
1325:. Macmillan + ORM. p. 286.
1124:Mount Vernon Ladies' Association
1092:President's House (Philadelphia)
1045:Siena College Research Institute
887:Later life and death (1797–1802)
832:Georges Washington de La Fayette
762:
363:after her husband was appointed
335:– May 22, 1802) was the wife of
314:
6752:Spouses of Virginia politicians
4691:Washington at Verplanck's Point
4607:Washington Monument (Baltimore)
4476:President's House, Philadelphia
4313:State of the Union Address 1790
3150:First Lady of the United States
2805:First Lady of the United States
2691:Fields, Joseph E., ed. (1994).
2582:
2465:
2439:
2409:
2379:
2349:
2319:
2285:
2259:
2233:
2207:
2173:
2070:The Papers of George Washington
2056:
2021:
1960:
1850:
1828:
1801:
1796:Encyclopedia of World Biography
1788:
1775:
1759:
1665:
1582:
846:
729:first lady of the United States
565:American Revolution (1775–1789)
531:
520:before setting up house at his
345:first lady of the United States
258:
233:
66:First Lady of the United States
6692:19th-century American planters
6687:18th-century American planters
5914:Providencia Velazquez Gonzalez
5230:George Washington Parke Custis
5163:American Philosophical Society
4925:America the Beautiful quarters
4769:George Washington on Horseback
4721:The Washington Family portrait
4068:Washington Before Boston Medal
3816:President of the United States
1417:Longo, James McMurtry (2011).
1393:. CQ Press. pp. 145–146.
1312:
1286:The William and Mary Quarterly
1277:
1112:
691:president of the United States
504:by Junius Brutus Stears (1849)
341:president of the United States
13:
1:
6544:
6472:Temperance Flowerdew Yeardley
6340:Mary Elizabeth Nottingham Day
6233:Mary Berkeley Minor Blackford
6011:
5463:
4960:250th Anniversary half dollar
4920:D.C. and territories quarters
4741:Reception at Trenton painting
4532:Washington and Lee University
4501:James River and Kanawha Canal
4343:Federal judicial appointments
3958:Battle of the Assunpink Creek
2718:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
2387:"4c Martha Washington single"
2273:. October 2, 1905. p. 14
1969:Journal of the Early Republic
1720:Yates, Bernice-Marie (2003).
1120:"First Marriage and Children"
1105:
1088:— Second Presidential Mansion
713:
6732:Dandridge family of Virginia
6467:Mary Aydelotte Rice Marshall
5812:John-Geline MacDonald Bowman
5232:(step-grandson, adopted son)
4846:George Washington University
4705:Surrender of Lord Cornwallis
4596:The Apotheosis of Washington
4195:Cabinet of the United States
4123:1785 Mount Vernon Conference
3707:Frederika Charlotte Riedesel
2417:"Presidential Series (1938)"
2267:"Martha Washington Seminary"
1645:Beasley, Maurine H. (2005).
1423:. McFarland. pp. 8–10.
1094:— Third Presidential Mansion
1082:— First Presidential Mansion
667:Eleanor (Nelly) Parke Custis
175:Mount Vernon, Virginia, U.S.
7:
6682:19th-century American women
6602:Maggie Lena Mitchell Walker
6350:Edwilda Gustava Allen Isaac
6299:Dorothy Shoemaker McDiarmid
6141:Christiana Burdett Campbell
5863:Laura Lu Scherer Copenhaver
4677:The Passage of the Delaware
4471:Second Presidential Mansion
3839:Second Continental Congress
2247:. August 1, 1937. p. 8
1686:10.1016/j.yebeh.2004.03.010
1072:
801:. She also associated with
789:. The capital was moved to
643:Declaration of Independence
10:
6783:
5266:Elizabeth Washington Lewis
4893:Washington–Franklin Issues
4466:First Presidential Mansion
4271:Proclamation of Neutrality
4173:1792 presidential election
3849:First Continental Congress
3827:Commander-in-Chief of the
3822:Senior Officer of the Army
2619:
2245:The Bristol Herald Courier
1161:Watson, Robert P. (2001).
901:inauguration of John Adams
615:American Revolutionary War
428:, the granddaughter of an
32:Martha Washington (comics)
29:
6727:Custis family of Virginia
6628:Lillie Louise Boone Lucas
6610:
6554:
6550:
6539:
6480:
6429:
6378:
6327:
6276:
6225:
6174:
6123:
6072:
6021:
6017:
6006:
5947:
5904:Frances Culpeper Berkeley
5896:
5845:
5794:
5748:
5697:
5679:Frances Benjamin Johnston
5646:
5633:Mary-Cooke Branch Munford
5595:
5544:
5473:
5469:
5458:
5452:Virginia Women in History
5389:
5323:
5208:
5058:
5028:The War that Made America
4756:Princeton Battle Monument
4550:
4522:Society of the Cincinnati
4520:President General of the
4401:
4358:
4303:Thanksgiving Proclamation
4210:Secretary of the Treasury
4141:
4091:
3919:Washington's headquarters
3892:Battle of the Monongahela
3858:
3808:
3750:
3720:
3667:
3639:
3610:
3393:
3328:Militiawomen and soldiers
3323:
3302:
3274:
3263:
3252:Mrs. David Wright's Guard
3234:
3230:
3145:
2875:Martha Jefferson Randolph
2860:
2811:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2740:Martha Washington letters
2590:"2014 Power Couple Score"
971:Emory & Henry College
955:
946:
785:, followed by a house on
687:Constitutional Convention
637:Independent United States
350:Martha Dandridge married
322:
310:
296:
269:
210:
171:
154:
125:
120:
116:
104:
92:
82:
71:
64:
60:
48:
41:
6304:Rebekah Dulaney Peterkin
6253:Christine Herter Kendall
6105:Bessie Niemeyer Marshall
5730:Sarah Garland Boyd Jones
5260:Augustine Washington Jr.
5020:Turn: Washington's Spies
4866:George Washington Bridge
4511:Congressional Gold Medal
4190:Title of "Mr. President"
3924:office and sleeping tent
3887:Battle of Fort Necessity
3235:Organizations and events
2670:Chadwick, Bruce (2006).
2628:Brady, Patricia (2005).
2292:Cherkasky, Mara (2007).
2073:. University of Virginia
1461:Boller, Paul F. (1988).
866:As the wife of both the
805:, wife of war secretary
6722:Burials at Mount Vernon
6582:Josephine Mathes Norcom
6508:Georgeanna Seegar Jones
6151:Elizabeth Peet McIntosh
5817:Benita Fitzgerald-Brown
5756:Clara Leach Adams-Ender
5689:Annie Bannister Spencer
5310:(2nd great-grandfather)
4930:American Women quarters
4836:Washington, D.C. statue
4751:Trenton Battle Monument
4727:Washington at Princeton
4419:Ferry Farm boyhood home
4293:Slave Trade Act of 1794
4227:Oath Administration Act
4113:Continental Association
4056:Badge of Military Merit
3948:Delaware River crossing
3568:Elizabeth Willing Powel
2028:Firkus, Angela (2021).
1674:Epilepsy & Behavior
1058:13th-best of 38 in 2003
1055:12th-best of 37 in 1993
481:one third of his estate
459:In 1749, Dandridge met
195:38.707889°N 77.086083°W
6707:American salon-holders
6587:Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon
6452:Marii Kyogoku Hasegawa
6411:Louise Harrison McCraw
6391:Corazon Sandoval Foley
6360:Ana Ines Barragan King
6284:Nancy Melvina Caldwell
6243:Elizabeth Ashburn Duke
5664:Anna Whitehead Bodeker
4876:Washington Square Park
4664:Revolutionary War Door
4481:Germantown White House
4383:Washington and slavery
4276:Neutrality Act of 1794
3677:Katharine Greene Amory
3508:Mary Katherine Goddard
3177:National Historic Site
2712:Fraser, Flora (2015).
2157:. 2015. Archived from
1858:"The First First Lady"
1566:. 2015. Archived from
1086:Alexander Macomb House
1064:9th-best of 39 in 2014
1061:9th-best of 38 in 2008
1052:9th-best of 42 in 1982
965:
939:
896:
863:
778:
720:
590:
505:
469:White House Plantation
409:
397:
396:Dandridge at age eight
388:Early life (1731–1748)
165:Mount Vernon, Virginia
6717:American slave owners
6217:Eva Mae Fleming Scott
6156:Orelena Hawks Puckett
6110:Felicia Warburg Rogan
6064:Marian Van Landingham
5837:Mary Virginia Terhune
5766:Bessie Blount Griffin
5628:Lillian Ward McDaniel
5577:Sally Louisa Tompkins
5190:Mount Vernon replicas
5148:General of the Armies
5123:Washington's Crossing
4955:Washington half eagle
4585:Washington's Birthday
4506:Mountain Road Lottery
4373:The Washington Papers
4222:Judiciary Act of 1789
3985:Battle of White Marsh
3970:Philadelphia campaign
3877:French and Indian War
3687:Margaret Green Draper
3483:Rosanna Waters Farrow
3473:Mary Norris Dickinson
3458:Hannah Mather Crocker
2649:Bryan, Helen (2002).
1981:10.1353/jer.2015.0033
1794:"Martha Washington."
1726:. Fairfax, Virginia:
1595:Encyclopedia Virginia
1349:Bryan, Helen (2002).
1173:10.1515/9781626373532
1039:Historian assessments
975:Martha Washington Inn
963:
937:
894:
860:Charles Willson Peale
854:
772:The Washington Family
770:
740:Hoover administration
704:
588:Charles Willson Peale
578:Martha Washington by
577:
500:
493:Courtship and wedding
403:
395:
200:38.707889; -77.086083
6597:Lila Meade Valentine
6523:Kate Peters Sturgill
6437:Gaye Todd Adegbalola
6401:Cynthia Eppes Hudson
6238:Naomi Silverman Cohn
6166:Alice Jackson Stuart
6146:Betty Sams Christian
6054:Jean Miller Skipwith
5960:Caroline Bradby Cook
5878:Sheila Crump Johnson
5776:Barbara Johns Powell
5608:Janie Porter Barrett
5531:Lila Meade Valentine
5248:Mary Ball Washington
5242:Augustine Washington
5236:Eleanor Parke Custis
5113:Cherry-tree anecdote
4996:A More Perfect Union
4945:Silver bullion coins
4804:New York City statue
4368:Presidential library
4242:Militia Acts of 1792
4183:Reception at Trenton
3980:Battle of Germantown
3975:Battle of Brandywine
3728:Margaret Kemble Gage
3498:Sarah Bradlee Fulton
3418:Sarah Franklin Bache
3242:Daughters of Liberty
2180:Tennis, Joe (2004).
2161:on November 17, 2015
2124:on September 8, 2015
1570:on September 5, 2015
1098:Dandridge, Tennessee
836:Marquis de Lafayette
683:Confederation period
339:, who was the first
99:Position established
6518:Lucy Randolph Mason
6498:Claudia Lane Dodson
6406:Mary Virginia Jones
6335:Flora D. Crittenden
6090:Emily White Fleming
6029:Mollie Holmes Adams
5802:Kate Waller Barrett
5720:Anne Makemie Holden
5304:(great-grandfather)
5290:Lawrence Washington
5254:Lawrence Washington
5168:American Revolution
5012:We Fight to Be Free
4977:Cultural depictions
4888:U.S. Postage stamps
4841:West Point monument
4826:Philadelphia statue
4711:Unfinished portrait
4575:Washington Monument
4444:Woodlawn Plantation
4249:Coinage Act of 1792
4178:Second inauguration
4029:Newburgh Conspiracy
4007:Sullivan Expedition
4002:Battles of Saratoga
3963:Battle of Princeton
3598:Hannah Bunce Watson
3558:Mary Lindley Murray
3488:Margaretta Faugères
3413:Hannah White Arnett
2697:. Greenwood Press.
2421:postalmuseum.si.edu
2391:postalmuseum.si.edu
2361:postalmuseum.si.edu
2331:postalmuseum.si.edu
2017:. December 9, 2014.
1626:The Washington Post
1080:Samuel Osgood House
595:American Revolution
461:Daniel Parke Custis
361:American Revolution
352:Daniel Parke Custis
222:Daniel Parke Custis
191: /
6712:Women slave owners
6633:Evelyn Reid Syphax
6577:Sophie G. Meredith
6462:Barbara Kingsolver
6416:Undine Smith Moore
6049:Kate Mason Rowland
6039:Edythe C. Harrison
5975:Joann Hess Grayson
5934:Isabel Wood Rogers
5832:G. Anne Richardson
5807:Marie Majella Berg
5725:Mary Draper Ingles
5684:Anne Dobie Peebles
5557:Elizabeth Campbell
5486:Mary Julia Baldwin
5371:Christopher Sheels
5314:Bushrod Washington
5284:Charles Washington
5278:John A. Washington
5133:1751 Barbados trip
5022:(2014–2017 series)
4910:Washington quarter
4821:Perth Amboy statue
4809:Wall Street statue
4789:Mexico City statue
4716:Lansdowne portrait
4527:Washington College
4516:Thanks of Congress
4439:Whiskey distillery
4254:United States Mint
4232:Nonintercourse Act
4200:Secretary of State
4161:First inauguration
3995:Battle of Monmouth
3433:Ann Eliza Bleecker
3075:Jacqueline Kennedy
2905:Angelica Van Buren
2761:June 30, 2012, at
2118:Martha's biography
1946:. Franklin Watts.
1898:Caroli, Betty Boyd
1837:Washington, A Life
1730:. pp. 34–39.
1464:Presidential Wives
1025:Presidential Issue
966:
940:
897:
868:head of government
864:
779:
721:
677:Postwar retirement
621:She joined him in
607:commander-in-chief
591:
518:House of Burgesses
506:
422:Colony of Virginia
410:
398:
365:commander-in-chief
6757:Washington family
6649:
6648:
6645:
6644:
6641:
6640:
6567:Fannie Bayly King
6535:
6534:
6531:
6530:
6488:Sharifa Alkhateeb
6386:Doris Crouse-Mays
6355:Katherine Johnson
6294:Ruth Coles Harris
6182:Mary C. Alexander
6002:
6001:
5998:
5997:
5985:Virginia Randolph
5970:Drew Gilpin Faust
5919:Elizabeth B. Lacy
5909:Lucy Goode Brooks
5873:Mary Jeffery Galt
5853:Mary Willing Byrd
5740:Martha Washington
5638:Jessie M. Rattley
5618:Hannah Lee Corbin
5582:Elizabeth Van Lew
5567:Elizabeth Keckley
5552:Rosa Dixon Bowser
5481:Ella Graham Agnew
5418:
5417:
5272:Samuel Washington
5224:John Parke Custis
5218:Martha Washington
5158:American Foxhound
5038:(2020 miniseries)
5030:(2006 miniseries)
4983:George Washington
4950:Washington nickel
4935:Washington dollar
4915:50 State Quarters
4898:1932 bicentennial
4794:Morristown statue
4652:George Washington
4644:George Washington
4636:George Washington
4628:George Washington
4613:George Washington
4288:Pinckney's Treaty
4237:Whiskey Rebellion
4017:Siege of Yorktown
4012:Yorktown campaign
3953:Battle of Trenton
3897:Forbes Expedition
3864:Revolutionary War
3802:George Washington
3768:
3767:
3746:
3745:
3702:Catherine Montour
3593:Martha Washington
3588:Mercy Otis Warren
3543:Lucy Flucker Knox
3493:Elizabeth Freeman
3448:Mary Willing Byrd
3247:Edenton Tea Party
3190:
3189:
3080:Lady Bird Johnson
3060:Eleanor Roosevelt
3010:Frances Cleveland
3000:Caroline Harrison
2995:Frances Cleveland
2980:Lucretia Garfield
2960:Mary Todd Lincoln
2865:Martha Washington
2821:
2820:
2812:Succeeded by
2775:Martha Washington
2769:Martha Washington
2756:Martha Washington
2746:Martha Washington
2725:978-0-307-27278-2
2041:978-1-4766-4184-3
1913:978-0-19-539285-2
1821:978-0-8122-0682-1
1430:978-0-7864-8846-9
1400:978-1-56802-573-5
1362:978-0-471-15892-9
1332:978-1-4668-5659-2
1270:978-1-4381-0815-5
1182:978-1-62637-353-2
986:1902 stamp series
803:Lucy Flucker Knox
710:Daniel Huntington
659:siege of Yorktown
647:General Lafayette
555:epileptic seizure
526:Thirteen Colonies
337:George Washington
326:
325:
305:Frances Dandridge
247:George Washington
87:George Washington
43:Martha Washington
16:(Redirected from
6774:
6592:Ora Brown Stokes
6552:
6551:
6541:
6540:
6447:Isabella Gibbons
6370:Meyera Oberndorf
6085:Eleanor Bontecou
6019:
6018:
6008:
6007:
5888:Camilla Williams
5883:Opossunoquonuske
5786:Mary Belvin Wade
5669:Mary Ann Elliott
5623:Christine Darden
5562:Thomasina Jordan
5536:Maggie L. Walker
5471:
5470:
5460:
5459:
5445:
5438:
5431:
5422:
5421:
5407:
5406:
5381:Harry Washington
5341:Caroline Branham
5103:Virginia dynasty
5091:Federalist Party
5071:List of articles
4985:(1984 miniseries
4972:Mount Washington
4940:Lafayette dollar
4779:Baltimore statue
4570:Washington state
4565:Washington, D.C.
4308:Farewell Address
4215:Secretary of War
4205:Attorney General
3829:Continental Army
3795:
3788:
3781:
3772:
3771:
3758:
3757:
3513:Hannah Griffitts
3443:Elizabeth Burgin
3325:Continental Army
3269:
3232:
3231:
3217:
3210:
3203:
3194:
3193:
3070:Mamie Eisenhower
3045:Florence Harding
2945:Abigail Fillmore
2885:Elizabeth Monroe
2847:
2840:
2833:
2824:
2823:
2793:Honorary titles
2790:
2789:
2729:
2708:
2687:
2666:
2645:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2594:
2586:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2565:
2557:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2546:
2540:
2532:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2502:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2483:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2452:The Conversation
2443:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2372:
2353:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2289:
2283:
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2280:
2278:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2177:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2143:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2110:
2101:
2100:
2094:
2086:
2080:
2078:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1937:
1918:
1917:
1894:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1832:
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1825:
1805:
1799:
1792:
1786:
1779:
1773:
1763:
1757:
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1752:
1717:
1706:
1705:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1642:
1631:
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1610:
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1607:
1605:
1586:
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1469:
1468:
1458:
1435:
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1414:
1405:
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1384:
1367:
1366:
1346:
1337:
1336:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1254:
1195:
1194:
1158:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1116:
1022:
1020:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1000:definitive stamp
998:
994:
924:Thomas Jefferson
912:provisional army
880:anti-Federalists
757:Republican Court
718:
715:
611:Continental Army
570:Early revolution
369:Continental Army
318:
262:
260:
237:
235:
206:
205:
203:
202:
201:
196:
192:
189:
188:
187:
184:
161:
150:
139:
137:
130:Martha Dandridge
121:Personal details
107:
95:
76:
53:
39:
38:
21:
18:Martha Dandridge
6782:
6781:
6777:
6776:
6775:
6773:
6772:
6771:
6652:
6651:
6650:
6637:
6623:Lerla G. Joseph
6618:Krista N. Jones
6606:
6546:
6527:
6513:Ona Maria Judge
6476:
6457:Kay Coles James
6425:
6374:
6323:
6272:
6268:Stoner Winslett
6221:
6170:
6119:
6100:Lillian Lincoln
6068:
6013:
5994:
5965:Claudia Emerson
5943:
5929:P. Buckley Moss
5892:
5858:Maybelle Carter
5841:
5790:
5744:
5693:
5642:
5603:Rebecca Adamson
5591:
5540:
5526:Clementina Rind
5465:
5454:
5449:
5419:
5414:
5385:
5319:
5302:John Washington
5204:
5180:Betsy Ross flag
5076:Founders Online
5054:
4831:Portland statue
4554:
4546:
4496:Potomac Company
4461:Hasbrouck House
4397:
4378:Religious views
4360:
4354:
4166:inaugural bible
4145:
4137:
4095:founding events
4094:
4087:
4034:Newburgh letter
4024:Culper Spy Ring
3936:Siege of Boston
3931:Boston campaign
3882:Jumonville Glen
3872:Military career
3862:
3860:Military career
3854:
3804:
3799:
3769:
3764:
3742:
3716:
3697:Flora MacDonald
3663:
3635:
3606:
3573:Clementina Rind
3548:Sybil Ludington
3468:Esther de Berdt
3423:Penelope Barker
3389:
3380:Prudence Wright
3365:Sally St. Clair
3360:Deborah Sampson
3345:Anna Maria Lane
3340:Margaret Corbin
3327:
3319:
3298:
3270:
3261:
3226:
3221:
3191:
3186:
3141:
3110:Hillary Clinton
3095:Rosalynn Carter
3035:Margaret Wilson
3020:Edith Roosevelt
2940:Margaret Taylor
2925:Priscilla Tyler
2856:
2851:
2817:
2808:
2736:
2726:
2705:
2684:
2676:. Sourcebooks.
2663:
2642:
2624:
2618:
2616:Further reading
2613:
2612:
2602:
2600:
2597:scri.siena.edu/
2592:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2573:
2571:
2563:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2544:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2533:
2520:
2510:
2508:
2500:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2481:
2479:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2456:
2454:
2444:
2440:
2430:
2428:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2400:
2398:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2370:
2368:
2355:
2354:
2350:
2340:
2338:
2325:
2324:
2320:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2290:
2286:
2276:
2274:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2250:
2248:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2224:
2222:
2221:on May 17, 2012
2213:
2212:
2208:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2178:
2174:
2164:
2162:
2145:
2144:
2137:
2127:
2125:
2112:
2111:
2104:
2088:
2087:
2076:
2074:
2061:
2057:
2042:
2026:
2022:
2009:
2008:
2004:
1965:
1961:
1954:
1938:
1921:
1914:
1895:
1880:
1870:
1868:
1862:mountvernon.org
1856:
1855:
1851:
1843:. p. 507.
1833:
1829:
1822:
1806:
1802:
1793:
1789:
1780:
1776:
1764:
1760:
1750:
1748:
1738:
1718:
1709:
1670:
1666:
1659:
1643:
1634:
1617:
1613:
1603:
1601:
1587:
1583:
1573:
1571:
1554:
1553:
1546:
1539:
1523:
1472:
1459:
1438:
1431:
1415:
1408:
1401:
1385:
1370:
1363:
1347:
1340:
1333:
1317:
1313:
1298:10.2307/1921234
1282:
1278:
1271:
1255:
1198:
1183:
1159:
1138:
1128:
1126:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1075:
1041:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1007:
996:
989:
958:
949:
889:
856:Lady Washington
849:
765:
716:
699:
679:
663:epidemic typhus
639:
631:Siege of Boston
580:Rembrandt Peale
572:
567:
559:Eleanor Calvert
534:
495:
490:
457:
418:New Kent County
390:
303:
292:
265:
264:
256:
252:
249:
239:
231:
227:
224:
199:
197:
193:
190:
185:
182:
180:
178:
177:
176:
163:
159:
148:British America
146:
141:
135:
133:
132:
131:
105:
93:
77:
72:
56:
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6780:
6770:
6769:
6764:
6759:
6754:
6749:
6744:
6739:
6734:
6729:
6724:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6689:
6684:
6679:
6674:
6669:
6664:
6647:
6646:
6643:
6642:
6639:
6638:
6636:
6635:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6614:
6612:
6608:
6607:
6605:
6604:
6599:
6594:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6564:
6558:
6556:
6548:
6547:
6537:
6536:
6533:
6532:
6529:
6528:
6526:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6510:
6505:
6503:India Hamilton
6500:
6495:
6490:
6484:
6482:
6478:
6477:
6475:
6474:
6469:
6464:
6459:
6454:
6449:
6444:
6439:
6433:
6431:
6427:
6426:
6424:
6423:
6421:Martha Rollins
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6382:
6380:
6376:
6375:
6373:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6331:
6329:
6325:
6324:
6322:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6289:Nikki Giovanni
6286:
6280:
6278:
6274:
6273:
6271:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6258:Mildred Loving
6255:
6250:
6248:Rachel Findlay
6245:
6240:
6235:
6229:
6227:
6223:
6222:
6220:
6219:
6214:
6209:
6204:
6202:JoAnn Falletta
6199:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6178:
6176:
6172:
6171:
6169:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6138:
6136:Monica Beltran
6133:
6131:Susie May Ames
6127:
6125:
6121:
6120:
6118:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6076:
6074:
6070:
6069:
6067:
6066:
6061:
6059:Queena Stovall
6056:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6025:
6023:
6015:
6014:
6004:
6003:
6000:
5999:
5996:
5995:
5993:
5992:
5990:Mary Sue Terry
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5951:
5949:
5945:
5944:
5942:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5924:Sharyn McCrumb
5921:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5900:
5898:
5894:
5893:
5891:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5849:
5847:
5843:
5842:
5840:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5809:
5804:
5798:
5796:
5792:
5791:
5789:
5788:
5783:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5752:
5750:
5746:
5745:
5743:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5701:
5699:
5695:
5694:
5692:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5650:
5648:
5644:
5643:
5641:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5599:
5597:
5593:
5592:
5590:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5572:Theresa Pollak
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5548:
5546:
5542:
5541:
5539:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5516:Dolley Madison
5513:
5508:
5506:Sarah Lee Fain
5503:
5498:
5493:
5491:Margaret Brent
5488:
5483:
5477:
5475:
5467:
5466:
5456:
5455:
5448:
5447:
5440:
5433:
5425:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5412:
5399:
5398:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5383:
5378:
5376:Deborah Squash
5373:
5368:
5366:Hercules Posey
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5346:William Costin
5343:
5338:
5333:
5327:
5325:
5321:
5320:
5318:
5317:
5311:
5305:
5299:
5293:
5287:
5281:
5275:
5269:
5263:
5262:(half-brother)
5257:
5256:(half-brother)
5251:
5245:
5239:
5233:
5227:
5221:
5214:
5212:
5206:
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5140:
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5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5099:
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5096:Federalist Era
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5062:
5060:
5056:
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5040:
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4609:
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4580:Mount Rushmore
4577:
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4405:
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4402:Life and homes
4399:
4398:
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4388:Town Destroyer
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4053:
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4046:Evacuation Day
4043:
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4026:
4021:
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3692:Rebecca Franks
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3650:Margaret Manny
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3438:Martha Bratton
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3405:
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3306:
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3303:Loyalist spies
3300:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3294:Sarah Townsend
3291:
3286:
3280:
3278:
3276:American spies
3272:
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3259:
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3197:
3188:
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3179:
3174:
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3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3155:bibliographies
3146:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3127:Michelle Obama
3124:
3119:
3118:
3117:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3050:Grace Coolidge
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2990:Rose Cleveland
2987:
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2895:Emily Donelson
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2880:Dolley Madison
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2772:
2766:
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2735:
2734:External links
2732:
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2709:
2703:
2688:
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2646:
2640:
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2568:scri.siena.edu
2552:
2518:
2505:scri.siena.edu
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2408:
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2295:Mount Pleasant
2284:
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2192:
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2055:
2040:
2020:
2002:
1975:(2): 169–183.
1959:
1952:
1919:
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1878:
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1680:(4): 598–600.
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905:Lawrence Lewis
888:
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862:(date unknown)
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736:New Year's Day
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541:meat in their
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473:Pamunkey River
456:
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437:John Dandridge
416:Plantation in
414:Chestnut Grove
389:
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331:(June 2, 1731
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301:John Dandridge
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162:(aged 70)
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143:Chestnut Grove
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6365:Betty Masters
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6345:Sarah A. Gray
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6187:Louise Archer
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6161:Judith Shatin
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5980:Mary Randolph
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5955:Pauline Adams
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5771:Mary Johnston
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5511:Ellen Glasgow
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5351:Sarah Johnson
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5300:
5298:(grandmother)
5297:
5294:
5292:(grandfather)
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5143:Syng inkstand
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5086:Republicanism
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4799:Newark statue
4797:
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4790:
4787:
4785:
4784:Boston statue
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4774:Austin statue
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4763:
4762:Point of View
4759:
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828:
827:John Trumbull
822:
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811:Abigail Adams
808:
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795:Market Street
792:
788:
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783:Cherry Street
777:
776:Edward Savage
773:
769:
763:Personal life
760:
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748:
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741:
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725:New York City
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172:Resting place
170:
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128:
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111:Abigail Adams
109:
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59:
52:
47:
40:
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33:
19:
6396:Nora Houston
6319:Karenne Wood
6080:Lucy Addison
6044:Janis Martin
6034:Ethel Furman
5939:Edith Turner
5822:Grace Hopper
5739:
5735:Annie Snyder
5715:Katie Couric
5705:Grace Arents
5659:Pearl Bailey
5587:Edith Wilson
5496:Willa Cather
5402:
5395:John Adams →
5393:
5308:George Reade
5296:Mildred Gale
5217:
5153:Conway Cabal
5108:Coat of arms
5066:Bibliography
5043:
5035:
5027:
5019:
5011:
5004:The Crossing
5003:
4995:
4990:1986 sequel)
4982:
4816:Paris statue
4761:
4733:
4726:
4703:
4696:
4689:
4682:
4675:
4668:
4651:
4643:
4635:
4627:
4620:plaster copy
4612:
4594:
4590:Purple Heart
4424:Mount Vernon
4361:public image
4061:Purple Heart
3990:Valley Forge
3640:Flag makers
3592:
3503:Emily Geiger
3453:Polly Cooper
3408:Hannah Adams
3375:Tyonajanegen
3257:Spinning bee
3105:Barbara Bush
3100:Nancy Reagan
3040:Edith Wilson
3030:Ellen Wilson
3015:Ida McKinley
2985:Mary McElroy
2955:Harriet Lane
2890:Louisa Adams
2864:
2803:
2798:
2782:
2714:
2693:
2672:
2651:
2630:
2601:. Retrieved
2596:
2584:
2572:. Retrieved
2567:
2555:
2543:. Retrieved
2509:. Retrieved
2504:
2492:
2482:February 12,
2480:. Retrieved
2476:
2467:
2457:February 12,
2455:. Retrieved
2451:
2441:
2429:. Retrieved
2420:
2411:
2399:. Retrieved
2390:
2381:
2369:. Retrieved
2360:
2351:
2339:. Retrieved
2330:
2321:
2309:. Retrieved
2294:
2287:
2275:. Retrieved
2271:Evening Star
2270:
2261:
2249:. Retrieved
2244:
2235:
2223:. Retrieved
2219:the original
2209:
2197:. Retrieved
2182:
2175:
2163:. Retrieved
2159:the original
2150:
2126:. Retrieved
2122:the original
2117:
2082:
2075:. Retrieved
2068:
2058:
2030:
2023:
2005:
1972:
1968:
1962:
1942:
1902:
1869:. Retrieved
1861:
1852:
1844:
1836:
1830:
1810:
1803:
1795:
1790:
1782:
1777:
1766:
1761:
1749:. Retrieved
1722:
1677:
1673:
1667:
1647:
1624:
1614:
1604:November 13,
1602:. Retrieved
1584:
1572:. Retrieved
1568:the original
1559:
1527:
1463:
1419:
1389:
1351:
1321:
1314:
1292:(1): 30–39.
1289:
1285:
1279:
1259:
1163:
1129:November 13,
1127:. Retrieved
1114:
1067:
1042:
979:
967:
950:
941:
928:Jeffersonian
921:
909:
898:
876:
865:
855:
847:Public image
823:
819:Episcopalian
791:Philadelphia
780:
771:
752:drawing room
749:
744:Philadelphia
733:
722:
705:
680:
656:
652:
640:
619:
592:
583:
547:
535:
532:Mount Vernon
522:Mount Vernon
515:
510:Williamsburg
507:
501:
477:
458:
447:She took to
445:
441:from England
411:
373:
357:Mount Vernon
349:
328:
327:
186:77°05′09.9″W
183:38°42′28.4″N
160:(1802-05-22)
158:May 22, 1802
145:, Virginia,
140:June 2, 1731
106:Succeeded by
98:
73:
36:
6667:1802 deaths
6662:1731 births
6309:Vivian Pinn
6263:Debbie Ryan
6212:Inez Pruitt
6207:Cleo Powell
6197:Ann Compton
5761:Caitlyn Day
5710:Cockacoeske
5654:Nancy Astor
5613:Patsy Cline
5501:Jennie Dean
5361:William Lee
5014:(2006 film)
5006:(2000 film)
4998:(1989 film)
4646:(Greenough)
3831:(1775–1783)
3824:(1798–1799)
3818:(1789–1797)
3733:Jane McCrea
3682:Molly Brant
3628:Mary Waters
3578:Molly Stark
3518:Betsy Hager
3478:Mary Draper
3370:Jane Thomas
3335:Anne Bailey
3289:Anna Strong
3065:Bess Truman
2970:Julia Grant
2950:Jane Pierce
2930:Julia Tyler
2752:(biography)
2750:White House
2634:. Penguin.
2574:October 21,
2165:December 2,
1728:Xulon Press
1574:December 4,
1043:Since 1982
815:second lady
799:Tobias Lear
717: 1861
465:John Custis
198: /
94:Preceded by
6656:Categories
5521:Pocahontas
5356:Oney Judge
5118:River Farm
5036:Washington
4654:(Trumbull)
4630:(Ceracchi)
4557:depictions
4414:Birthplace
4409:Early life
4283:Jay Treaty
4143:Presidency
4093:Other U.S.
3738:Nancy Ward
3655:Betsy Ross
3583:Jane Tuers
3553:Jane Mecom
3538:Mammy Kate
3523:Nancy Hart
3428:Kate Barry
3385:Betty Zane
3315:Miss Jenny
3137:Jill Biden
3122:Laura Bush
3090:Betty Ford
3055:Lou Hoover
3025:Helen Taft
2975:Lucy Hayes
2935:Sarah Polk
2809:1789–1797
2620:See also:
2603:October 9,
2147:"The Tomb"
2128:October 4,
2050:1239322450
1106:References
1029:Pocahontas
840:Oney Judge
807:Henry Knox
543:smokehouse
381:republican
136:1731-06-02
6545:2020–2029
6493:Queen Ann
6442:Rita Dove
6012:2010–2019
5781:Lee Smith
5464:2000–2009
5286:(brother)
5280:(brother)
5274:(brother)
5226:(stepson)
4764:sculpture
4729:paintings
4552:Memorials
4434:Gristmill
4359:Views and
4148:timeline)
3669:Loyalists
3563:Nonhelema
3533:Anne Hupp
3350:Mary Hays
3310:Ann Bates
3284:Agent 355
3085:Pat Nixon
2799:New title
2655:. Wiley.
2477:CoinWorld
1997:144440598
1355:. Wiley.
1191:249333854
821:beliefs.
693:in 1789.
623:Cambridge
406:mezzotint
311:Signature
297:Parent(s)
83:President
6095:Pearl Fu
5409:Category
5316:(nephew)
5268:(sister)
5250:(mother)
5244:(father)
5173:patriots
5138:Category
5044:Hamilton
4905:Currency
4638:(Canova)
4615:(Houdon)
4081:Blueskin
3845:Delegate
3835:Delegate
3760:Category
3395:Patriots
3182:Category
3160:families
2759:Archived
2431:June 22,
2425:Archived
2401:June 22,
2395:Archived
2371:June 22,
2365:Archived
2341:June 22,
2335:Archived
2311:July 31,
2277:June 22,
2251:June 22,
2225:July 31,
2199:July 31,
2091:cite web
2077:July 28,
1989:24486727
1900:(2010).
1746:54805966
1702:21485281
1694:15256201
1073:See also
870:and the
787:Broadway
599:Loyalist
551:epilepsy
430:Anglican
270:Children
5059:Related
4746:Statues
4429:Fishery
4338:Cabinet
4072:Horses
3847:to the
3837:to the
3170:memoirs
2748:at the
2545:May 16,
2511:May 16,
1871:May 25,
1751:May 25,
1306:1921234
1016:⁄
609:of the
603:Patriot
471:on the
367:of the
279:Frances
263:
255:
251:
238:
230:
226:
211:Spouses
74:In role
5324:Slaves
5220:(wife)
5210:Family
4393:Legacy
4076:Nelson
3851:(1774)
3841:(1775)
3612:Nurses
3165:firsts
3115:tenure
2779:C-SPAN
2722:
2701:
2680:
2659:
2638:
2302:
2190:
2048:
2038:
1995:
1987:
1950:
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1427:
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1179:
997:4-cent
956:Honors
947:Legacy
916:garret
813:, the
809:, and
747:days.
539:curing
432:rector
288:Martha
276:Daniel
167:, U.S.
5336:Betty
2593:(PDF)
2564:(PDF)
2539:(PDF)
2501:(PDF)
1993:S2CID
1985:JSTOR
1698:S2CID
1302:JSTOR
1187:S2CID
1021:-cent
988:. An
584:circa
257:(
253:
232:(
228:
6611:2021
6555:2020
6481:2019
6430:2018
6379:2017
6328:2016
6277:2015
6226:2014
6175:2013
6124:2012
6073:2011
6022:2010
5948:2009
5897:2008
5846:2007
5795:2006
5749:2005
5698:2004
5647:2003
5596:2002
5545:2001
5474:2000
5331:List
5049:film
4881:Arch
4555:and
4333:1796
4328:1793
4323:1792
4318:1791
2720:ISBN
2699:ISBN
2678:ISBN
2657:ISBN
2636:ISBN
2605:2022
2576:2022
2547:2022
2513:2022
2484:2023
2459:2023
2433:2023
2403:2023
2373:2023
2343:2023
2313:2012
2300:ISBN
2279:2023
2253:2023
2227:2012
2201:2012
2188:ISBN
2167:2015
2130:2015
2097:link
2079:2023
2046:OCLC
2036:ISBN
1948:ISBN
1908:ISBN
1873:2019
1816:ISBN
1753:2019
1742:OCLC
1732:ISBN
1690:PMID
1653:ISBN
1606:2023
1576:2015
1533:ISBN
1425:ISBN
1395:ISBN
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1327:ISBN
1265:ISBN
1177:ISBN
1131:2023
1006:. A
1004:1923
992:cent
926:and
669:and
435:and
420:the
333:O.S.
283:John
155:Died
126:Born
3813:1st
2781:'s
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1682:doi
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