Mayaguez incident - Knowledge

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understood its interests and was prepared to protect them." Schlesinger later said the same thing, acknowledging the primary reason for the use of force was “to make quite clear to all parties that the United States was still an effective force." Although the general goal was to reinforce the US reputation for defending its interests, the main concern in that regard was the Korean Peninsula. As Scowcroft related in 1980, "To the extent that we were looking anywhere specifically, it was primarily probably not Southeast Asia at that time, but at Korea," where the renewal of the long-simmering conflict between the two Koreas was considered a real possibility.

4350: 4324: 3108:(CIA) to supply opponents of the new Khmer Rouge regime. On 2 May the Khmer Navy captured seven Thai fishing boats. On 4 May the Cambodians pursued a South Korean freighter after which the South Korean Transportation Ministry put out a warning to shipping in the area. On 7 May they held a Panamanian vessel near Poulo Wai and questioned its crew before releasing them and their ship after 36 hours. They fired on a Swedish vessel in the same area. On 12 May the Khmer Rouge sent a force to occupy Poulo Wai. Despite these actions no general warning was issued to U.S. merchant shipping. 4775: 5581: 4767: 137: 4296: 4752: 4224: 124: 4208: 3719: 11690: 11680: 3908: 4308: 4183:. The Khmer Rouge explained that they had already lost three boats and numerous men and were anxious to call off the American bombers. Miller explained that if they returned to the ship and restarted her engines they could then generate electricity to call their office in Bangkok which could then contact the U.S. military. The Khmer Rouge radioed instructions to their higher command and then gave approval for Miller and nine men to return to 4236: 11700: 6370: 6277: 6218: 5867: 5228:(JPAC), the successor agency to JTF-FA, return to Koh Tang to search for Hargrove's remains. In October 2008 JPAC was reported to have found four sets of remains in an area indicated by Em Son as being where the American suspected to be Hargrove was buried. One of the sets of remains was said to be Caucasian in nature, but DNA analysis was needed before the identity could be confirmed. 3877:

and tactical air... When the second group arrives, we can cut off the neck of the island and move out... With somewhat over 600 Marines by nightfall, we should have a good feel for what is there. We can perhaps withdraw the next day." Jones concluded his presentation by saying "that is the operation as we recommend it, as a joint recommendation from all the Joint Chiefs."

5446:. After being refused by the Thai government, the US sought and obtained permission from the Thai military to proceed, resulting in considerable anger towards the United States. The Thai government called the act a violation of Thailand's sovereignty and called for the immediate withdrawal of all U.S. forces from U-Tapao. As a result, the USAF implemented 4128:

moved to the mainland, the NSC discussed whether any Americans were actually on Koh Tang. Kissinger pointed out there was no way to know and that "taking the island if they are not there is easier to explain than failing to take it if they are." Schlesinger agreed that "we have an obligation to get the Americans or to see if they are there."

5425:(U.S. bombing of Cambodia) prior to August 1973, reinforced their beliefs that the U.S. "imperialists" were determined to undermine their revolution. The increasingly paranoid Khmer Rouge presumed that any foreigners captured in the country and purged Khmer Rouge (including Hu Nim), were CIA spies and would torture them at 4791:

possible". Hearing this order, the circling EC-130 ABCCC recalled the second assault wave. The helicopters with the second wave reversed course until Austin, on the ground on Koh Tang, convinced Burns that the reinforcements were necessary to prevent his units from being overrun; the order was rescinded at 12:10.

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The paramount objective during the crisis, as Scowcroft later explained, "was to make it clear, to everyone, to our friends, to potential opponents, that notwithstanding the fact that we had just withdrawn from Southeast Asia under fairly ignominious circumstances, if you will, that the United States

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introduced an amendment to the War Powers Resolution that added the rescue of nationals to the list of situations not requiring prior approval by Congress, but also stipulating that only minimum force would be used in rescue. Eagleton's proposed amendment did not pass and similar amendments have been

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fire. The Khmer Rouge then fired mortars and encircled the firing position, capturing one American with a leg wound. Em Son's description of the American matched that of Joseph Hargrove. The Khmer Rouge continued their search and located an abandoned M60 machine gun, various equipment and the covered

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radioed back that the Marines should swim out to sea for rescue, but when Velie passed this message back to the caller he was told this wasn't possible because only one of the three could swim. Velie advised the caller to take cover as air strikes were about to hit the area. The caller confirmed this

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With each withdrawal, the Marines contracted their perimeter on the West Beach. Lance Corporal John S. Standfast, squad leader, 3rd Squad, 3rd Platoon, Company E and his squad covered Company G's withdrawal during the reduction of the perimeter, and he then singlehandedly directed the pullback of his

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were in the firing positions. On the West Beach, a heavy machine gun, an M60, B-40 RPGs and a 75 mm recoilless rifle were dug into connected firing positions. North of each beach was a 60 mm mortar and south of the beaches was an 81 mm mortar that could fire on either beach. Ammunition

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reconnaissance flights, that between 150 and 200 Khmer Rouge backed by heavy weapons occupied Koh Tang. This report was conveyed to U-Tapao but was never briefed to the planners, probably due to security classification issues, who believed that only about 20 Cambodian irregulars armed with small arms

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An A-7D then sprayed the Swift Boat with its 20 mm cannon, sinking it. The fighters then came at the fishing boat dropping bombs and firing their cannon into the water in front of it, spraying the boat with shrapnel. The fighter crews reported back that 30 to 40 Caucasians had been seen on board

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with armor plating, and two waist miniguns. The CH-53 was not air-refuellable, had 650 US gallon (2,500 L; 540 imp gal) non-self-sealing tip tanks and two waist miniguns. Thus, the HH-53's fuel tanks were less vulnerable to ground fire and, with their refueling capability, could remain in the area of

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in the area, a "coordinated assault at first light on 16 May would "carry lower military risks" and "enhance the prospects of quick success and minimize the loss of life." However, the paper noted that the disadvantage of going on the 16th was less chance of surprise and more time for the Cambodians

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The U.S. air attacks destroyed a large part of the Khmer Navy and Air Force weakening them for the war with Vietnam over the disputed islands. In mid-June Vietnam attacked Poulo Wai and fought the Khmer Rouge before withdrawing in August and recognising it as Kampuchean territory. Relations between

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cruised back and forth between the West and East Beaches for three hours broadcasting messages in English, French and Khmer saying that they had no hostile intent, but simply wished to retrieve any U.S. personnel dead or alive on the Koh Tang and would send an unarmed boat ashore if the Khmer Rouge

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Donald Backlund) skilfully hovered the helicopter several feet off the ground just north of the original beach LZ. The extraction was difficult because the helicopter would see-saw up and down. Only a few Marines at a time could board the helicopter's rear ramp in this fashion by timing their jumps

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By 14:00 firing on the West Beach had reduced substantially as Em Son had moved most of his men back from the beaches with only three-man patrols maintaining pressure on the two Marine enclaves. Austin asked the ABCCC if he should attempt to push across the island (a distance of approximately 1,100

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By 07:00 109 Marines and five Air Force crewmen were on Koh Tang but in three isolated beach areas and in close contact with Khmer Rouge troops. The Marines at the northern end of West Beach attempted to move down the beach to link up with Austin's command element to the south, but were beaten back

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s crew were on the island, which was defended by over 100 Khmer Rouge. These defences were intended to counter the Vietnamese, not the Americans. The Khmer Rouge commander of Kampong Som District, Em Son, was also given responsibility for securing Koh Tang and on 1 May he took a force of 100 men to

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on the port facilities at Kampong Som and the Ream Naval Base. Concerned that the use of B-52s might be excessive, Ford limited the bombing to attacks by carrier-based aircraft commencing at 07:45 (Cambodia) and gave the go-ahead to the rescue plan. Given the reports that the crew had probably been

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When Ford asked for the Pentagon's recommendation, Schlesinger deferred to Jones who said "We recommend that we land on the island and on the ship." He told the NSC members the island could be taken with "high assurance of success." He thought, "The 175 Marines can secure themselves, with gunships

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is that we had sufficient force coming up with the Seventh Fleet, after it had been turned around from the evacuation of Vietnam stand down, to seize Southern Cambodia. I begged for another day or two, rather than commit forces piecemeal as we did .... The idea that we could use U.S. Air Force air

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Approximately one week after the assault, Em Son's men noticed that their leftover food was being disturbed and on searching they found bootprints in the mud. They set up a night ambush and on the third night they captured two Americans matching the descriptions of Gary Hall and Danny Marshall. Em

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In 1985, an eyewitness report indicated that a wounded American had been captured on Koh Tang after the assault and was subsequently executed. The NSA intercepted Cambodian messages which referred to 'the American that was captured' with orders not to talk about this. In 1999 Em Son approached the

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s crew was on deck scanning the beaches and jungle for any sign of the missing Marines, but no signal was received from the Khmer Rouge or the missing Marines. With no indication that the three Marines were still alive and the certainty that more lives would be lost in any forced rescue attempt, a

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Danny G. Marshall, members of a three-man machine gun team which had been assigned to protect the right flank of the constantly shrinking perimeter during the final evacuation. Sergeant Andersen was the last member of the Marine force to see Hall, Hargrove and Marshall alive at about 20:00 when he

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left the West Beach, there was confusion as to whether any Marines remained on Koh Tang. The pilot, First Lieutenant Brims, radioed the FAC that some Marines aboard claimed there were still fellow Marines on the ground, but this was soon contradicted by Davis who said that all Marines were off Koh

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ship. We have no intention of detaining it permanently and we have no desire to stage provocations. We only wanted to know the reason for its coming and to warn it against violating our waters again. This is why our coast guard seized this ship. Their goal was to examine it, question it and make a

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Arriving over Koh Tang at 16:00, they were prevented from closely approaching the island in order not to compromise the secrecy of the mission or draw ground fire, but they determined that the island was so covered in jungle that the only two viable landing zones available were beaches on the west

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men down would expose them to gunfire. It was decided that it was necessary to wait for the Navy ships to arrive off Koh Tang and for the Marines to assemble in Thailand before a rescue attempt would be mounted. Ford ordered the Air Force to sink any Cambodian boats moving between Koh Tang and the

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This change in controllers marked a turning point in the quality of airborne firepower available to the Marines because for the first time that day they had an airborne observer exclusively dedicated to providing accurate and timely close air support. At 17:00 Em Son gathered his forces and moved

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first secretary had told an American diplomat that a senior Chinese embassy official in Tehran said China was "embarrassed" by the Cambodian seizure of the Mayaguez and expected it to be released soon. The message was passed on to Kissinger who claimed it was of dubious reliability and it was not

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were killed in the crash, another Marine drowned swimming from the wreck and three Marines were killed by gunfire trying to reach the beach. A tenth Marine died of his wounds while clinging to the burning wreckage. The surviving ten Marines and three Air Force crewmen were forced to swim for two

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Two more waves of helicopters would be required to deploy all of BLT 2/9 to Koh Tang. The flight from U-Tapao to Koh Tang was a four-hour round trip. It was estimated that only 20–30 Khmer Rouge were on Koh Tang; the information regarding the heavy anti-aircraft fire coming from Koh Tang and the

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The NSC debated whether to assault Koh Tang on the 15th or 16th. The Pentagon's option paper that Jones had distributed explained why a 48-hour delay was advantageous. The primary risk of military operations on the 15th was the "serious disadvantage of slow insertion (270 men per wave at 4+ hour

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The NSC meeting continued to consider the appropriate course to resolve the crisis. It was informed that the Chinese Foreign Ministry in Beijing had refused to pass on the American note intended for the Khmer Rouge, but George Bush reported that they had read the note and that it might have been

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In Washington, Ford convened another NSC meeting at 22:30 EDT (09:30 14 May Cambodia). A communication link had been established between the White House, Seventh Air Force at Nakhon Phanom, CINCPAC in Hawaii and the aircraft circling above Koh Tang allowing for near real-time communications. The

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Department of Defense Factsheet of US MIAs in Cambodia dated April 27, 2021 reports: “Witnesses have assisted in identifying recovery sites on Koh Tang, the island associated with the Mayaguez incident. Thirteen of the 18 Americans missing from that incident have been recovered and identified".

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Richard Vandegeer, Lance Corporals Gregory S Copenhaver and Andres Garcia and Privates First Class Lynn Blessing, Walter Boyd, Antonio R Sandoval and Kelton R. Turner were identified. In 2012 the remains of PFC James Jacques, PFC Richard W Rivenburgh and PFC James Maxwell were identified. A US

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landed 100 additional Marines and evacuated nine wounded on the West Beach, making a total of 225 Marines – 205 on the West Beach and 20 Marines and five airmen on the East Beach. Around the same time Austin's isolated command unit planned a linkup of its small contingent with the bulk of Golf

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decided that, with the ship recaptured and the crew released, further reinforcement of Koh Tang was unnecessary and at 11:55 they ordered the U.S. forces to "immediately cease all offensive operations against the Khmer Republic disengage and withdraw all forces from operating areas as soon as

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by a North Korean military aircraft over the Sea of Japan. Kissinger thought the US reaction to the North Korean downing of the US Navy’s EC-121 in international airspace with the loss of all 31 crewmen was exactly what they should avoid. Kissinger later told the security council members, "We

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Between 1991 and 1999, U.S. and Cambodian investigators conducted seven joint investigations, led by the JTF-FA. On three occasions Cambodian authorities unilaterally turned over remains believed to be those of American servicemen. In October and November 1995, U.S. and Cambodian specialists

3648:(BLT 1/9) was then on alert as the primary "air contingency" reaction force, but most of BLT 1/9 were ending their tours of duty and were not subject to further extension of their tours except in the case of emergency. III MAF requested the extension of BLT 1/9's tour but this was refused. 4639:, translated and delivered to the White House by 07:15 (20:15 EDT). The White House was skeptical of the Khmer Rouge message and the lack of clarity regarding the crew and released a press statement at 08:15 (21:15 EDT) saying that U.S. military operations would continue until the crew of 5267:; one Marine killed in action on the West Beach; and three Marines missing in action and presumed dead. Fifty were wounded including thirty-five Marines and six airmen. In addition, eighteen USAF Security Police and five flight crew were killed in the CH-53 crash on the way to U-Tapao. 3210:

was carrying 107 containers of routine cargo, 77 containers of government and military cargo, and 90 empty containers, all insured for $ 5 million (equivalent to $ 28 million in 2023). The Khmer Rouge never inspected the containers, and exact contents have not been disclosed, but

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above Sihanoukville where they were stripped to their underwear and shackled. After one week, on orders from Phnom Penh, each American was beaten to death with a B-40 rocket launcher. Hall's body was buried in a shallow grave near the beach. Marshall's was dumped on the beach cove.

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Robert Velie on the ABCCC aircraft received a radio transmission from an American asking when the next helicopter was coming to extract them. After Velie received the authentication code from the caller to confirm this was not a Khmer Rouge ploy, Velie's commander radioed the

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since 1969 and had boarded ships on this basis. The U.S. did not recognize 12 nautical mile territorial waters claims in 1975, recognizing only 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi), and categorized the waters near Poulo Wai as international sea lanes on the high seas.

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against Sea-Land Service Inc relating to the incident. The crew members claimed that Captain Miller was derelict in his duty by "recklessly venturing into known dangerous and hostile waters of foreign sovereignty (Cambodia)" inviting the capture. Evidence was provided that

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at Ream airfield. Despite receiving confirmation of the release of the crew, at 10:20 the third wave of airstrikes hit boats at Ream naval base. At 11:45 the fourth planned airstrike on the mainland was cancelled and the jets directed to support the Marines on Koh Tang.

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was not flying a flag, and had sailed about two nautical miles off Poulo Wai. In June 1977, a settlement was reached. In February 1979 another settlement was reached by other crew members, making a total settlement of $ 388,000 to the crew members taking legal action.

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s crew were released unharmed by the Khmer Rouge shortly after the attack on Koh Tang began. The names of the Americans killed, including three Marines left behind on Koh Tang after the battle and subsequently executed by the Khmer Rouge, are the last names on the

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The reaction of the U.S. public was favorable with President Ford's overall approval rating rising 11 percentage points. However Ford's public approval ratings fell off quickly and precipitously as details of the incident and casualty figures became better known.

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Due to the intense direct and indirect fire during the operation, the bodies of Marines and airmen who were killed in action were left where they fell including LCpl Ashton Loney, whose body was left behind in the darkness during the evacuation of the West Beach.

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In discussing the possible Thai response to the operation, Kissinger told the NSC that the Thai government would be upset, "but they will also be reassured" and "the Thai military will love it." As news of the operation reached Bangkok protests began outside the

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to cease hostile actions against the Khmer Rouge against the lack of evidence that any of the men were still alive, he decided that there would be no rescue mission unless there was some confirmation that the three Marines were still alive. The following morning

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and the presence of a sizable hostile force on Koh Tang, the timing of the operation was questioned until it became clear that combat had been underway four hours before the crew was released. Within the services, the Marines in particular were critical of the

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and to pass on an oral message that "The Government of the United States demands the immediate release of the vessel and of the full crew. If that release does not immediately take place, the authorities in Phnom Penh will be responsible for the consequences."

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for fire support and devised a makeshift communications network for controlling supporting air strikes by USAF A-7 and F-4 aircraft. It was decided that the platoon isolated on the East Beach should be extracted; following suppressive fire from an AC-130,

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broadcasting the crew's intentions to recover the American bodies and determine the status of the missing men if possible, but Coulter was sceptical and instead proposed taking his team ashore for a night reconnaissance, but this was refused by Coogan.

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landed there at 08:15 amid a hail of machine-gun fire. It had landed some 100 m away from the Marines who were reluctant to risk running to the helicopter, the helicopter took off again with its fuel lines ruptured and made an emergency landing in

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body of a black American soldier. Em Son ordered the dead American (presumably Ashton Loney) buried and the prisoner taken to his headquarters. When Em Son was advised that the Khmer Rouge hit by M16 fire had died, he ordered the American to be shot.

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back up the island to secure an ammunition dump that lay between the West and East Beaches. He was surprised to find the dump intact and no Marines lying in ambush. Now supplied, his men would be able to increase the pressure on the Marines again.

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crewmen. Two other sections of the first wave, consisting of the remaining four helicopters, were diverted from the East Beach to the West Beach and eventually landed all of their Marines between 06:30 and 07:00, although the final insertion by

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on the Cambodian mainland, but Captain Miller showed that the ship's radar was not working and mimed the ship hitting rocks and sinking. Sa Mean radioed his superiors and was apparently instructed to stay at Poulo Wai, dropping anchor at 16:55.

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which had been out of service at its Nakhon Phanom base but had been repaired and flown to the area. At 18:40 this force began to withdraw the remaining 205 Marines from the West Beach, protected by AC-130 fire and naval gunfire support from

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evacuated the East Beach, the first BLU-82 was dropped causing a huge explosion and sending a shock wave across the West Beach. Austin quickly called the ABCCC with the instruction that no more of the bombs should be dropped. A report from

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forces leave their base areas in Cambodia, but the PAVN refused to leave certain areas which they claimed were Vietnamese territory. The PAVN also moved to take control of a number of islands formerly controlled by the now defunct

5282:, a U.S. Navy salvage vessel, enabled the specialists to conduct their excavation offshore. In addition to the support provided by the Cambodian government, the Government of Vietnam also interviewed two Vietnamese informants in 3659:

Randall W. Austin) was then on a training exercise on Okinawa and it received orders on the night of 13 May to return to camp and prepare for departure by air at dawn on 14 May. On the morning of 14 May BLT 2/9 boarded USAF

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The Mayaguez Rescue was the most classic example of assured failure with Joint Operations to that time. Unfortunately, the lesson was not learned and the same mistakes were repeated in the Iranian Hostage Rescue operation

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Andersen moved forward to the old perimeter to ensure that no member of the company inadvertently had been left behind, each time checking every foxhole. As the Company E commander Captain Mykle E. Stahl prepared to board

5189:(JTF-FA) on learning that they were looking for further information regarding the events on Koh Tang. Em Son advised that on the morning on 16 May he ordered his men to search the West Beach for any remaining Americans. 4673:(which had been captured by the Khmer Rouge five months earlier) escorted by a second boat with Sa Mean and other Khmer Rouge. Once away from Koh Rong Sanloem the second boat picked up the Khmer Rouge guards from 3880:

At 10:10, despite having been hit by tear gas, the fishing boat arrived at Kampong Som. The Khmer Rouge commander at Kampong Som, apparently fearing attack by the Americans, refused to accept responsibility for

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nature of the joint operation and the perceived pressure from the Administration for hasty action, although the success of Operation Frequent Wind had been the basis for many decisions made during the crisis.

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s crew. It was believed that some were still on the ship, some on Koh Tang and others were on the fishing boat bound for Kampong Som. The NSC decided to proceed with a simultaneous attack by Marines to retake

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On the East Beach, two heavy machine guns had been dug in at each end of the beach and fortified firing positions had been built every 20 metres behind a sand berm connected by a shallow zig-zag trench. Two

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on the morning of 14 May. In preparation for this assault five HH-53s and seven CH-53s were ordered to proceed to U-Tapao for staging. At approximately 21:15, one of the 21st SOS CH-53s (68-10933, call sign

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so that the Royal Government could itself decide to order it to withdraw from Cambodia's territorial waters and warn it against conducting further espionage and protractive activities. This applies to this

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were available for the rescue operation. There were differences between the two types which would become relevant during the battle: the HH-53 was air-refuellable, had 450 US gallon (1,700 L; 370 imp gal)

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insisted that "this will be seen as a test case... judged in South Korea." saying further "I think a violent response is in order. The world should know that we will act and that we will act quickly." The

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On their arrival at Koh Rong Sanloem Miller was taken to the senior Khmer Rouge commander where he was subject to a cursory interrogation before being asked if he could talk to the American planes from

3311:. The members of the NSC were determined to end the crisis decisively, believing that the fall of South Vietnam less than two weeks before, and the forced withdrawal of the United States from Cambodia ( 4131:

At 19:00 EDT (06:00 15 May Cambodia) the UN issued a statement that the secretary-general was communicating with the Cambodians and that he encouraged all parties to refrain from further use of force.

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to review all aspects of the incident. On the War Powers Resolution, the General Accounting Office report's assessment was "The available evidence suggests less than full compliance with Section 3 ."

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Tang. Two hours after the evacuation was completed, with the Koh Tang Marines dispersed among three Navy ships, Company E commander Captain Stahl discovered that three of his Marines were missing.

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and attack Koh Tang, together with attacking Cambodian shipping and bombing mainland targets. Kissinger emphasized they needed to "impress the Koreans and the Chinese" with the punitive strikes.

4389:, landed safely, but while offloading its Marines came under heavy automatic weapons fire, destroying an engine. It managed to take off, protected by suppressive fire from the second CH-53, 3149:, Thailand. U.S. military reports state that the seizure took place 6 nautical miles (11 km; 6.9 mi) off the island, but crew members brought evidence in a later legal action that 11769: 11075: 7658: 4807:

Company at the northern end of the West Beach. Using mortar fire and A-7 airstrikes to clear Khmer Rouge in the jungle between the two forces, it reached the G Company perimeter at 12:45.

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and her crew away from the Cambodian mainland was essential. As the United States had no diplomatic contact with the Khmer Rouge regime in Cambodia, Ford instructed Kissinger to urge the

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and a platoon from Company E had originally taken off at staggered times between 09:00 and 10:00, but with the reversal of course its arrival on Koh Tang was seriously delayed. At 12:10

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was hit by two RPGs, which ignited its left fuel tank and ripped away the nose of the helicopter. It crashed in a fireball fifty meters offshore. The copilot, five Marines, and two Navy

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As part of these island battles, the Khmer Navy actively patrolled Cambodian coastal waters both to stop Vietnamese incursions and also for fear that merchant ships could be used by the

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then governor-general of French Indochina. While not intended to determine sovereignty, the Brevie Line became the de facto maritime border between Cambodia and Vietnam. In 1967 Prince

2949: 9548: 5235:(DPAA), the successor to JPAC, announced that it had recovered Hall's ID card and other items from an empty grave on the island and later acknowledged having recovered a US radio and 3927:

while BLT 2/9 Marines would rescue the crew on Koh Tang. With minimal intelligence available regarding the geography of Koh Tang, the commander of BLT 2/9 and his staff took off in a

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incident did not occur in Vietnam, it is commonly referred to as the last battle of the Vietnam War. However, U.S. military personnel who participated in it are not eligible for the

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would be deployed in a blocking position between Koh Tang and the Cambodian mainland with the mission of intercepting and engaging any Khmer reaction forces. U.S. Navy aircraft from

6510: 5507:... In the final analysis... the lack of accurate intelligence resulted in faulty decisions. Decisions were driven by the desire to do something and to do it as quickly as possible. 5201:

Son radioed Kampong Som and was ordered to deliver the Americans to the mainland. The following morning the two Americans were taken by boat to the mainland and then driven to the

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mainland. Following this meeting Kissinger told Ford "This is your first crisis. You should establish a reputation for being too tough to tackle. This is a replay of the EC-121."

8075: 8056: 8048: 4448:, was hit by an RPG which blew off the tail section and crash-landed on the East Beach but it offloaded its 20 Marines and crew of five. They set up a defensive perimeter and the 4032:

number of gunboats present was not passed on to the Marines. Preparatory airstrikes of the landing zones were ruled out for fear of hitting crew members who might be held nearby.

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The Socialist Republic of Vietnam and the Law of the Sea: An Analysis of Vietnamese Behaviour within the Emerging International Oceans Regime. The Hague: Kluwer Law International

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picked up a load of 44 Marines, the remaining Marines in the shrinking West Beach perimeter came under intense attack and were in danger of being overrun. The round trip to

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departed the area. Hargrove, Hall and Marshall were declared Missing in Action and then on 21 July 1976 their status was changed to Killed in Action (Body Not Recovered).

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bombs — a 15,000-pound (6,800 kg) device and the largest conventional explosive weapon in the U.S. arsenal at the time. Not seeing any practical use for the BLU-82s,

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circling fighters reported that they could try to shoot the rudder off the fishing boat to stop its progress to Kampong Som, but the NSC decided that the risk of killing

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crew was too great. At 23:00 EDT (10:00 Cambodia) Ford ordered that only tear gas should be dropped on or near the fishing boat, while all patrol boats should be sunk.

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At 21:00, the rescue plan was finalized. Six hundred Marines from BLT 2/9 — composed of E and G Companies — were assigned to conduct a combat assault in five CH-53

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The U.S. military received much criticism for its handling of the incident. In addition to the failure of intelligence to determine the whereabouts of the crew of

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using an assault force composed of men of the USAF 56th Security Police Squadron. 75 volunteers from the 56th would be dropped onto the containers on the decks of

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one hour after the assault on Koh Tang began. Two additional CH-53s (because of their superior firepower, all the HH-53s were used for troop lift) were tasked as

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first ordered gun runs by an AC-130 followed by F-4s and A-7s along the edge of the East Beach. As this was going on, five C-130s arrived over Koh Tang carrying

4703:. Confirmation of the release of the crew was sent to the White House and at 11:27 (00:27 EDT) Ford went on U.S. national television announcing the recovery of 4109: 11774: 7603: 5902: 4992:, the nearest ship to Koh Tang, in complete darkness while hovering the helicopter over the ship with only its front wheels touching down. Within five minutes 3899:, but as the news of the arrival of the fishing boat at Kampong Som came in the helicopter assault was cancelled. At 14:00, BLT 2/9 began arriving at U-Tapao. 2897: 7502: 7473: 4710:

Ford, at Kissinger's urging, declined to cancel the scheduled airstrikes on the Cambodian mainland until the Marines on Koh Tang had been withdrawn. At 08:45

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feet (340 m)) to link up with the isolated unit on the East Beach, but was advised that another helicopter pickup would be attempted first. At 14:15

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helicopters were destroyed during the initial assault and the Marines fought a desperate day-long battle with the Khmer Rouge before being evacuated. The

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was stored in dug-in bunkers, one behind each beach, with a third ammunition dump located near Em Son's command post in the jungle south of the beaches.

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nine days before the fall of Saigon. The captain had a U.S. government letter only to be opened in certain emergency circumstances, which he destroyed.

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were informed that they would be allowed to return to their ship, after having first agreed to a statement that they had not been mistreated. At 07:15

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U.S. estimates of Khmer Rouge casualties were 13–25 killed on Koh Tang with an unknown number killed on Swift Boats and on the Cambodian mainland.

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that the borders of Cambodia and Vietnam were those drawn by the French in order to prevent any further Vietnamese claims on Cambodian territory.

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is authorized instead for military members who participated in the battle. A congressional bill was introduced in 2016 to award veterans of the

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was ordered to intercept it, originally thinking it was a Khmer Rouge gunboat. The P-3 then identified that Caucasians were aboard and at 09:49

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and more F-111s which continued to fire into the sea in front of and behind the ship indicating that no further movement should be attempted.

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Charles T. Miller ordered the engine room to slow down to manoeuvring speed to avoid the machine-gun fire, the Khmer Rouge then fired a

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1/4 Marines had arrived at U-Tapao from the Philippines at 05:45 on 14 May and had been waiting on standby for a helicopter assault on

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At 06:30, the CH-53s approaching the East Beach encountered intense automatic weapons and RPG fire from the entrenched Khmer Rouge.

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to his office and contacted the Cambodians via a channel used previously to secure the release of foreign citizens from Phnom Penh.

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and their leader, Battalion Commander Sa Mean, pointed at a map indicating that the ship should proceed to the east of Poulo Wai.

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where it was believed that the crew were being held as hostages. Encountering stronger than expected defences on Koh Tang, three

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Koh Tang to defend the island against possible Vietnamese attack. Sa Mean was given responsibility for the defense of Poulo Wai.

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was inbound to the East Beach when it was hit by an RPG and aborted its landing, instead heading out over the West Beach to the

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with tear gas munitions. Equipped with gas masks, the Marines at 07:25 hours then conducted one of the few hostile ship-to-ship

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from the U.S. Marine Corps. Hargrove's family did not receive the award until 1999, after investigative journalist and author

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co-pilot used his survival radio to call in airstrikes but they were cut off from reinforcements and rescue for twelve hours.

11794: 11789: 11035: 10873: 8808: 8495: 8473: 7044: 5439: 3849: 3485:. A reinforced company from 1/4 Marines was ordered to assemble at NAS Cubi Point for airlift to Thailand, while a 1,100-man 3262: 3232: 269: 9896: 6539: 3780:

Ford chaired an NSC meeting at 10:22 EDT (21:22 Cambodia), where the Air Force rescue plan was cancelled due to the loss of

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In November 1975 Schlesinger was dismissed as Secretary of Defense due to his perceived insubordination during the crisis.

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hovered above the wreck, while a crewman was lowered on a rescue hoist to survey the wreckage. No Marine was recovered and

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began the second wave of airstrikes, bombing landing barges and oil storage facilities at Kompong Som and cargo planes and

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was damaged so severely that it turned back with its Marines (including the G Company commander) still aboard escorted by

17: 11779: 11759: 11648: 11615: 11564: 11293: 10913: 9320: 8453: 7194: 7164: 7134: 7104: 7074: 7014: 6984: 6954: 6888: 6858: 6828: 6768: 6708: 6678: 6648: 4648: 4623: 4385:(LZs) on Koh Tang. At the West Beach, the first section of two CH-53 helicopters came in at 06:20. The first helicopter; 3641: 3478: 2146: 1147: 8562: 8490: 6918: 6798: 6738: 5410:

began attacking Vietnamese border provinces, killing hundreds of Vietnamese civilians, which eventually resulted in the

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s SOS and Mayday signals were picked up by a number of listeners including an employee of Delta Exploration Company in

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Sergeant Charles "Wayne" Turberville, who was killed in a Khmer Rouge grenade attack on 26 September 1971. The former

5551:, the hostage rescue mission in Iran in 1980, significant changes in joint and special operations were brought about. 5417:

For the Khmer Rouge leadership, the fact that the U.S. attacked them even after they had announced the release of the

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provoking Khmer Rouge gunfire. Low on fuel, the two Orions returned to base and were replaced with another Orion from

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Recovery efforts in 1999 by the JTF-FA later found bone fragments that might have belonged to Hall and Marshall, but

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ordered them to move back to a new position which was located to the left of the position occupied by Captain Davis.

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approached, fire punctured its fuel tanks and the pilot aborted the landing and headed back to U-Tapao leaking fuel.

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At 06:13 on 15 May, the first phase of the operation began with the transfer by three HH-53s of D/1/4 Marines to the

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Following the NSC meeting, the White House issued a press release stating that Ford considered the seizure an act of

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arrived off Poulo Wai at approximately 16:00 and a further 20 Khmer Rouge boarded the vessel. Sa Mean indicated that

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who turned over remains that were later positively identified. As a result of these investigations the remains of

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he informed Captain Davis that all of his men were inside the perimeter, not realising that three Marines of an

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crash site where they located numerous remains, personal effects and aircraft debris associated with the loss.

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and the rescue of its crew, but obscuring the fact that the crew had in fact been released by the Khmer Rouge.

4563:) whose mission had been search and rescue – the last available helicopters – were reassigned to carry troops. 3629: 3350: 1024: 978: 303: 9610: 9340: 8851: 8623: 8085: 6241: 4086:

were given the mission of striking targets on the Cambodian mainland to prevent interference with the rescue.

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s crew onto one of the fishing boats and they left Koh Tang following two of the Swift Boats on a heading for

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Department of Defense After Action Report US Military Operations SS Mayaguez/Kaoh Tang Island May 12–15, 1975

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of 1968, where the failure to promptly use military force to halt the capture of a U.S. intelligence ship by

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On the afternoon of 14 May, Burns received the order to proceed with a simultaneous assault on Koh Tang and

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The five helicopters picked up 127 Marines of the second wave at U-Tapao between 09:00 and 10:00. At 11:50

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had been severely damaged in the East Beach rescue attempt. This left only three helicopters (all HH-53s –

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underway, an explosive ordnance disposal team and a Cambodian linguist would be transferred by three HH-53

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A rescue operation was proposed using Marine volunteers aboard the only three serviceable helicopters. On

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to fly to Thailand. The 9th Marine Regiment had been the first U.S. ground combat force committed to the

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police and Air Force helicopters as an assault force appears to me as ridiculous today as it did then."

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while swimming to direct A-7 air strikes against the island until the battery failed. The second CH-53,

3398:

and her crew, but the chief of the Liaison Office refused to accept the note. Kissinger then instructed

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Kissinger sent a message to the Chinese Liaison Office in Washington demanding the immediate release of

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U.S. Marines in Vietnam: The Bitter End, 1973–1975 (Marine Corps Vietnam Operational Historical Series)

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was released. At 07:44 the JCS ordered a delay to the first armed reconnaissance strike by planes from

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These 23 USAF Security Policemen were killed when their helicopter crashed due to a mechanical failure.

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as Fisk hastily searched the beach. With illumination rounds from Cambodian mortars, Fisk returned to

3824:

the fishing boat. Despite Ford's order to sink all boats, the jets sought orders from higher command.

3153:

had sailed about 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) off Poulo Wai and was not flying a flag.

3093:

which was claimed by Cambodia but controlled by South Vietnam. On 10 May the Khmer Rouge captured the

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U.S. casualties were ten Marines, two Navy corpsmen, and an Air Force crewman killed in the crash of

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proved inconclusive due to the small size of the fragments. Hargrove, Hall and Marshall all received

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At 18:00 as the sun began to set a third attempt to rescue the East Beach force was attempted, using

3661: 3652: 3645: 3474: 3470: 3027: 2802: 2579: 2248: 2222: 2098: 1829: 1759: 1397: 1276: 812: 792: 786: 637: 584: 388: 7624: 4349: 2487: 11665: 11542: 11251: 11158: 11115: 10585: 10152: 9415: 9305: 9059: 8603: 8094: 7736:(1984). "Reflections on the Vietnam Antiwar Movement and on the Curious Calm at the War's End". In 5287: 5138: 4056: 4036: 3673: 3188: 3173: 2841: 2641: 2475: 2278: 2241: 2189: 2182: 2041: 2028: 2014: 2007: 1993: 1932: 1897: 1881: 1862: 1855: 1808: 1745: 1482: 1390: 1324: 1117: 1031: 934: 896: 10325: 5097:

The Marines checked all of the Navy ships but could not locate Lance Corporal Joseph N. Hargrove,

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team had set up a firing position behind a rocky outcrop beyond the right flank of the perimeter.

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own squad. Before withdrawing to the safety of the new perimeter, Standfast and his platoon guide

4988:

took thirty minutes, so the pilot, First Lieutenant Bob Blough, decided to deliver his Marines to

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Second Lieutenant James V. McDaniel, platoon commander of Company G, 2/9 Marines was awarded the

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forward air control (FAC) aircraft, arrived and took over the direction of air support. At 16:23

4723: 4651:. Confusion over orders meant that the planes dropped their ordinance at sea and returned to the 4559:) of the original eleven available to bring in the follow-up forces of BLT 2/9, so the 2 CH-53s ( 4491:

landed 29 Marines of the battalion command post and mortar platoon a kilometre to the southwest.

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to seize and hold Koh Tang. Two helicopters would make a diversionary assault on the West Beach (

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was hit numerous times, but managed to transport its cargo of 20 Marines and five Airmen to the

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ship and to any other vessels like the ship flying Panama flags that we released on May 7, 1975.

4471:

required support from an AC-130 gunship to penetrate the Khmer Rouge fire on its fifth attempt.

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Cahill, Bill (2019). "The Mayaguez Incident: F-4 Phantoms of the 432nd TRW in Thailand, 1975".

6593:"Where the Search for MIAs, and How They Died in the Last Action of the Vietnam War, Continues" 5835:"The Seizure and Recovery of the S.S. Mayaguez: Legal Analysis of United States Claims, Part 1" 5834: 5639: 5422: 5137:

met with Austin. Davis, McNemar and Coulter, who had just arrived from Subic Bay with a 14-man

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At 15:52 EDT (02:52 15 May Cambodia), Ford convened the fourth and final NSC meeting regarding

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s crew and so the fishing boat moved further down the coast, dropping anchor off the island of

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and designated D Company 1/4 Marines in the Philippines as the unit that would actually retake

3612:

were all scheduled to arrive on station by 15 May, but none of these ships carried any troops.

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until they obtained confessions confirming their beliefs, after which they would be executed.

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set off towards the northeast following one of the Swift Boats. The Orion continued to track

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on possible military options during the second meeting on the Mayaguez crisis on 12 May 1975.

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s crew was believed to be held and then move across and link up with the West Beach force.

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moved to take control of all of Cambodia from the residual Khmer Republic forces. With the

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Some congressmen were dissatisfied with the level of consultation they received under the

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timed to begin just before sunrise (05:42) on 15 May. D Company, 1/4 Marines would retake

8: 11605: 11554: 11474: 11384: 11197: 11153: 10825: 10740: 10735: 10635: 10498: 10295: 10179: 10094: 9982: 9835: 9830: 9810: 9795: 9705: 9700: 9605: 9538: 9528: 9440: 9435: 9425: 9325: 9265: 9238: 9064: 9049: 9019: 8997: 8783: 8773: 8500: 8423: 8393: 8377: 7780: 5634: 5098: 3845: 3620: 3613: 3449: 3323: 3094: 2878: 2595: 2572: 2523: 2419: 2381: 2304: 2077: 1848: 1815: 1572: 1433: 1355: 1332: 1319: 1154: 1059: 868: 747: 726: 698: 671: 553: 395: 383: 378: 206: 186: 9680: 9593: 7222: 3772:. The subject line was "Chinese Embassy Tehran Believes Mayaguez to be Freed Soon." The 2622: 408: 11423: 11348: 11334: 10979: 10775: 10760: 10685: 10665: 10660: 10645: 10492: 10240: 9992: 9876: 9630: 9533: 9518: 9430: 9420: 9395: 9390: 9155: 9109: 9024: 9009: 8952: 8768: 8691: 8567: 8458: 8448: 7894: 7861: 5791: 5374:

First Lieutenant James D. Keith, USMC, the executive officer of Company G, 2/9 Marines.

5371:

First Lieutenant Michael S. Eustis, USMC, the artillery liaison officer of 2/9 Marines.

4284: 3739:

On 13 May Burns and his Seventh Air Force staff developed a contingency plan to retake

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CBS news reports of the Mayaguez incident and the search for the three missing Marines

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Just before 05:00 EDT on 14 May a message arrived in the Department of State from the

3680: 3512:. At 08:16 local time the Orion made a low pass over Poulo Wai positively identifying 11428: 11338: 11321: 11148: 10992: 10845: 10790: 10765: 10720: 10650: 10625: 10590: 10580: 10549: 10436: 10320: 10290: 10027: 10017: 9931: 9825: 9670: 9385: 9182: 9039: 8992: 8890: 8841: 8815: 8793: 8633: 8613: 8557: 8545: 8359: 8194: 8128: 8017: 7983: 6482: 6346: 6250: 6142: 5849: 5747: 5709: 5679: 4280: 3726: 3536: 3399: 3266: 3157: 3047: 2890: 2647: 2439: 2064: 1973: 1821: 1781: 1593: 1586: 1538: 1348: 1299: 1175: 1089: 1038: 957: 915: 889: 799: 733: 719: 677: 665: 578: 481: 475: 361: 10969: 10640: 5580: 3592:

s crew onto two fishing boats which then took them closer to the shore of Koh Tang.

11438: 11370: 11191: 11181: 11163: 10755: 10680: 10610: 10595: 10575: 10522: 10305: 10300: 10280: 10230: 10220: 10047: 10012: 9997: 9946: 9675: 9615: 9455: 9114: 9094: 8803: 8745: 8739: 8706: 8686: 8676: 8525: 8326: 8318: 5783: 5621:, number 68-10928, upgraded to MH-53M Pave Low is on display at Memorial Air Park, 5606: 5536: 5513: 5283: 5134: 5016: 4766: 4731: 3889: 3432: 3387:

and prevent her movement to the Cambodian mainland, employing munitions (including

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in a disputed maritime area, the U.S. mounted a hastily-prepared rescue operation.

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First Lieutenant Terry L. Tonkin, USMC, the forward air controller of 2/9 Marines.

3519:

Shortly afterwards the Khmer Rouge leader, Sa Mean, ordered Captain Miller to get

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was the most critical, saying "we were informed, not consulted". In 1977 Senator

5397:

battle the medal, but the bill was referred to committee, effectively ending it.

5083: 4152: 3813: 3752:) crashed en route to U Tapao, killing 18 security police and its five-man crew. 3665: 3346: 3289: 3200: 2682: 2254: 1775: 1623: 1405: 1383: 1292: 1262: 1182: 1065: 1052: 1045: 1014: 773: 624: 546: 8937: 5588:, number 68-10928, upgraded to MH-53M Pave Low on display at Memorial Air Park, 5074: 4483:

eventually landed 81 Marines on the West Beach under the command of the company

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which was scheduled to arrive on station at dawn for a ship-to-ship boarding of

3619:

carried a Marine contingent but could not arrive on station until 16 May, while

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that noted the US reserved the right to act in self-defense in accordance with

4035:

A unit of 57 Marines from D Company, 1/4 Marines together with volunteers from

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s gig ashore in daylight unarmed under a white flag with leaflets dropped and

3990:), while six helicopters would make the main assault on the wider East Beach ( 3441:, then en route to Australia, was ordered into the area. The destroyer escort 11718: 11330: 11201: 11085: 11067: 10964: 10810: 10705: 10670: 10655: 10615: 10157: 9987: 9725: 9635: 9498: 9478: 9365: 9126: 9104: 9069: 8648: 8643: 8598: 8520: 8480: 8229: 8172: 8159: 7987: 7571: 7547: 7523: 6910: 6790: 6730: 6374: 6281: 6222: 5871: 5853: 5564: 5547:

When many of the coordination and communications problems arose again during

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approached the East Beach, but did not actually set down because the hulk of

4406: 4223: 4101: 4094: 4063:"King" airborne, command, control and communications (ABCCC) aircraft of the 4008: 3995: 3977: 3964: 3558:

diverted from a training mission began making low-level high-speed passes by

3402:, the head of the U.S. Liaison Office in Beijing, to deliver the note to the 3083: 3059: 2984: 2783: 2769: 1694: 1456: 921: 766: 371: 129: 7809: 7441: 5368:

Lieutenant Colonel Randall W. Austin, the commanding officer of 2/9 Marines.

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USAF Southeast Asia Monograph Series Volume III, Fourteen Hours at Koh Tang

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relayed to the Khmer Rouge. With a diplomatic solution appearing unlikely,

7292: 3349:’s preferred historical analogy, however. Instead, he was thinking of the 3086:

and other territories and islands contested between Vietnam and Cambodia.

11044: 10795: 10400: 10370: 10225: 10215: 10114: 9977: 9770: 9259: 9089: 9074: 8885: 8733: 8701: 8588: 8403: 8308: 8247: 6388:"Report Of Collateral Investigation CH 53 SN 68 10933, Mayaguez Incident" 5610: 5343: 5236: 4207: 3809: 3730: 3723: 3718: 3669: 3330: 3300: 3296:(NSC) was convened to discuss the situation. Meanwhile, the NMCC ordered 3277: 3244: 3169: 3131: 3066: 3000: 2988: 292: 46: 6411:

The Vietnam Cauldron: Defense Intelligence in the War for Southeast Asia

4996:

returned and picked up 34 more Marines, leaving 32 still on the island.

4519:

Of the eight helicopters assaulting Koh Tang, three had been destroyed (

3915:, showing East Beach and two downed CH-53s (left) and West Beach (right) 3501: 3176:(RPG) across the bow of the ship. Miller ordered the transmission of an 10554: 10265: 10235: 10189: 10104: 10072: 10064: 10007: 9695: 9410: 9099: 8987: 8593: 5539:, the Seventh Fleet commander, later stated that: "The sad part of the 5426: 5351: 5336: 5037:. With the Marines aboard, Fisk followed Davis and McNemar in boarding 5030: 4948:

As a moonless night fell over Koh Tang, the remaining two helicopters,

4759: 4503: 4426: 3907: 3873:

to "put forward preconditions for the return of the ship and/or crew."

3715:

operations indefinitely, so long as it had access to an aerial tanker.

3575: 9208: 5795: 5063: 4307: 3354:

assembled forces like crazy. But in the end, we did not do anything."

11079: 10850: 10695: 10544: 10517: 10330: 10285: 10194: 10162: 10142: 10134: 9463: 9253: 7834: 6139:

The Last Battle: The Mayaguez Incident and the end of the Vietnam War

5193: 4965:

and its gig. The first load of 41 Marines was lifted out at 18:40 by

4613:

would be released. The section of his communique on the release was:

4119:. Jones briefed the NSC on the assault plan and plans for strikes by 3789: 3416: 3142: 3098: 3078: 1078: 8119: 8084:

History of the Pacific Air Forces 1 Jul 74–31 Dec 75 (pp. 426–469),

5221:

published several articles in popular magazines about his findings.

4531:) and four others were damaged too severely to continue operations ( 4287:, securing the vessel after an hour-long search, finding her empty. 4074:

was assigned to support the Koh Tang operation, and, after retaking

10429: 10270: 10167: 10042: 9861: 9765: 8905: 8763: 8217: 6507:"The Truth About the Lost Marines of the Vietnam War's Last Battle" 5787: 5210: 4421: 4235: 4187:. As darkness was falling it was decided that they would return to 3912: 3566:

and drop anchor approximately 1.5 km north of the island. Two

3563: 3388: 3146: 3111:

Cambodia had claimed 12 nautical miles (22 km; 14 mi) of

3011: 2980: 1940: 136: 88: 9549:

Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union

6208:

The Mayaguez Crisis, Mission Command, and Civil-Military Relations

5224:

In 2007, Hargrove's cousin, Cary Turner, began a campaign to have

5192:

About 100 m from the beach one of the Khmer Rouge was hit by

4827:

at 14:36, where it was repaired and returned to service by 17:00.

4462:

crash site where it dumped fuel and proceeded to rescue the three

3820:

which proceeded to engage the second Swift Boat with its cannons.

10375: 10260: 10250: 10199: 9740: 8485: 7835:"The Seizure of the Mayaguez – A Case Study of Crisis Management" 6566:"Fate of Marines left behind in Cambodia in 1975 haunts comrades" 6373:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

6280:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

6221:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

5870:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

4636: 4578:

arrived over Koh Tang and prepared to land on the East Beach. As

3711: 3258: 7862:

The Mayaguez incident : a failure in operational leadership

7596:"Silver Star Awards for Gallantry in the S.S. Mayaguez Incident" 5406:

the two countries improved thereafter until early 1977 when the

5141:

team to consider possible options. Coogan asked Coulter to take

4021:). The East Beach force would move to the nearby compound where 3640:, but Burns wanted additional force and orders were sent to the 3500:

On the early morning of 13 May, the P-3 Orions identified large

10443: 10245: 10184: 9119: 4882: 4719: 4715: 4606: 4513: 4060: 3578:

into the water in front of the ship. The F-4s were followed by

3504:

near Poulo Wai and dropped flares on the suspected location of

3376:, though this claim did not have a foundation in maritime law. 3373: 284: 11013: 5011:

landed and began loading Marines in the dark, and under fire.

4823:

had a fuel line damaged, but made an emergency landing aboard

4605:

At 06:07 the Khmer Rouge information and propaganda minister,

4139:

Unknown to the Americans then converging on Koh Tang, none of

3180:

and then stopped the ship. Seven Khmer Rouge soldiers boarded

3127:

The crisis began on the afternoon of 12 May 1975, as the U.S.

10928: 10884:

American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation

10390: 10173: 8252: 7810:"The War Powers Resolution: Concepts and Practice Version 15" 7253:

Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Public Affairs)

5676:

When the war was over Cambodia and the Khmer Rouge Revolution

4839: 4727: 4655:, when at 07:48 the JCS reinstated the order for airstrikes. 4590:

also abandoned their landings and assumed a holding pattern.

4156: 3940: 3509: 2828: 11770:

Naval battles of the Vietnam War involving the United States

5480:

Subcommittee on International Political and Military Affairs

4941:

suffered extensive damage in the rescue attempt and flew to

3535:

was identified, Admiral Gayler ordered the commander of the

10468: 10350: 8242: 8186: 6420:(Report). Defense Intelligence Agency. pp. 37–39, 49. 5057:, some 10 minutes after landing, departed Koh Tang for the 4889:

ordered them dropped well south of the Marines' positions.

5496: 4622:

report to higher authorities who would then report to the

4409:

on the Thai coast, where its passengers were picked up by

10923: 10903: 10898: 8110: 6479:

A Very Short War: The Mayaguez and the Battle of Koh Tang

6454:. Phnom Penh, Cambodia: Post Media Co Ltd. Archived from 4319:

at center and a destroyed Khmer Rouge Swift Boat at right

3935:

and east shores of the northern portion of Koh Tang. The

3333:

led to an eleven-month hostage situation. Vice President

3177: 27:

The last battle of American involvement in Southeast Asia

8129:

56th Security Police Squadron, Nakhom Phanom RTAFB, USS

8099:

The SS Mayaguez Incident, May 12–15, 1975: Document List

5891:"More Revelations About Mayaguez (and its Secret Cargo)" 5832: 4819:

approached East Beach, but were repulsed by heavy fire.

3868:

intervals)." Alternatively, with the arrival of the USS

3672:

in 1965, but in May 1975 only a few of the officers and

3626:

also carried Marines but could not arrive until 18 May.

2999:. After the Khmer Rouge seized the U.S. merchant vessel 5895:

Boston College International and Comparative Law Review

4635:

The transmission was intercepted by the CIA station in

3801:

Early on the morning of 14 May, the Khmer Rouge loaded

3307:(CINCPAC), to launch reconnaissance aircraft to locate 6418:

Defense Intelligence Historical Perspectives, Number 2

6214:. Office of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. 5000:

was suffering engine trouble and this time headed for

4905:

to coincide with the downward motion of the aircraft.

4167: 3065:

Following the Fall of Phnom Penh on 17 April 1975 the

3042:

an administrative line was drawn between Cambodia and

11745:

History of the foreign relations of the United States

7859: 7683:. The Prescott Courier. Associated Press. 18 May 1975 5389:

by virtue of participating in that battle alone. The

4746: 7837:. General Accounting Office. 11 May 1976. B-133001. 4925:

indicated that a Marine might be in the wreckage of

4275:

slowly came alongside, USAF A-7D aircraft saturated

3455:

were both ordered to proceed at high speed from the

2987:

from 12 to 15 May 1975, less than a month after the

245:

Unknown killed on Swift Boats and Cambodian mainland

6590: 6408: 5064:

U.S. Marines left behind and subsequent controversy

4502:While isolated, the Marines were able to use their 4381:) of the Koh Tang assault force approached the two 3788:could not bear the weight of the helicopters while 3632:(III MAF) assigned Task Force 79.9 with recovering 3073:on 30 April 1975 the Khmer Rouge demanded that all 7892: 4330:after emergency landing in Trat Province, Thailand 3292:. At 12:05 EDT (23:05 Cambodia), a meeting of the 11730:Battles and operations of the Vietnam War in 1975 8067:Commander in Chief Pacific Command History 1975, 7289:Defense Prisoner of Ware/Missing Personnel Office 5118:to advise that Marines were still on the island. 4865:as the rescue ship and with gunfire support from 3492: 3269:(EDT) the first news of the incident reached the 3119: 59:The wreckage of U.S. Air Force CH-53 helicopters 11716: 10869:List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States 7895:The Mayaguez Incident: Near Disaster at Koh Tang 7746:. University Press of America. pp. 151–57. 6533:"Cambodia Reports Capture of American Personnel" 4669:s crew was loaded aboard the Thai fishing boat, 3931:to make an aerial reconnaissance of the island. 9306:North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972 8713:On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences 7807: 7249:"MIA Marines identified from Mayaguez Incident" 5888: 5769: 4547:). Of the helicopters used in the recapture of 4436:Among the Marine survivors was the battalion's 3010:recaptured the ship and attacked the island of 7929:. usembassy.gov. 10 April 2013. Archived from 7625:"H.R.6374 – Recognizing Mayaguez Veterans Act" 7314:Department of Defense Factsheet April 27, 2021 7041:Arlington National Cemetery unofficial website 6132: 6130: 6128: 6126: 6124: 6122: 6120: 5478:On 23 June 1975, the House of Representatives 5453: 5263:; an Air Force crewman killed in the crash of 4900:was sitting on the beach. Instead, the pilot ( 4299:U.S. Marines abandon their damaged helicopter 4134: 3286:deputy assistant for national security affairs 11775:United States Marine Corps in the Vietnam War 11029: 8202: 6504: 6118: 6116: 6114: 6112: 6110: 6108: 6106: 6104: 6102: 6100: 6098: 6096: 6094: 6092: 6090: 6088: 6086: 6084: 6082: 6080: 6078: 6076: 6074: 6072: 6070: 6068: 6066: 6064: 6062: 6060: 6058: 6056: 6054: 6052: 6050: 6048: 6046: 6044: 6042: 6040: 6038: 6036: 6034: 6032: 6030: 6028: 6026: 6024: 6022: 6020: 6018: 6016: 6014: 6012: 6010: 6008: 6006: 6004: 6002: 6000: 5998: 5996: 5994: 5992: 5990: 5988: 5986: 5984: 5982: 5980: 5978: 5976: 5974: 5972: 5970: 5968: 5966: 5964: 5962: 5960: 5958: 5956: 5954: 5952: 5950: 5948: 5946: 5944: 5942: 5940: 5342:Two Airmen and four Marines were awarded the 4593: 3322:They also wished to avoid comparisons to the 3191:which was picked up by an Australian vessel. 270: 10945:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War 8496:Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council 7815:. Congressional Research Service. p. 65 6620: 5938: 5936: 5934: 5932: 5930: 5928: 5926: 5924: 5922: 5920: 5765: 5763: 5740:The Last Boarding Party The USMC and the SS 5708:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 195. 5319:First Lieutenant Richard C. Brims, pilot of 4373:At 06:12, the eight helicopters (five CH-53 3319:) had severely damaged the U.S. reputation. 11565:Normalization of US–Vietnam relations 9806:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre 8001:Hunter, Ric, "The Last Battle of Vietnam", 7994:Frisbee, John L., "The Mayaguez Incident", 7225:. Aviation Safety Network. 21 August 2013. 7037:"Richard Vandegeer, Second Lieutenant USAF" 5313:First Lieutenant Donald Backlund, pilot of 5123:and no further radio contact was received. 4647:on the Kompong Som oil storage complex and 3688:40th Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Squadron 3531:as it left Poulo Wai. Once the location of 3410: 3089:On 1 May 1975 Khmer Rouge forces landed on 179:40th Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Squadron 11036: 11022: 10909:United States involvement in regime change 8464:1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine 8209: 8195: 7495:"Robert D. Blough Jr Awards and Citations" 6476: 6470: 6334: 6332: 6330: 6328: 6326: 6324: 6322: 6320: 6318: 6316: 6314: 6312: 6310: 6136: 5828: 5826: 5824: 5822: 5820: 5818: 5816: 5814: 5812: 5772:"The Seizure and Recovery of the Mayaguez" 4854:to destroy the semi-submerged Swift Boat. 4794:The second wave carrying the Marines from 4658:At 06:30 on Koh Rong Sanloem, the crew of 4290: 3164:. The Khmer Rouge fired across the bow of 277: 263: 53: 8008: 6308: 6306: 6304: 6302: 6300: 6298: 6296: 6294: 6292: 6290: 6235: 6233: 6231: 5917: 5760: 5699: 5697: 5695: 4609:, made a radio broadcast announcing that 3722:An aerial surveillance photo showing two 3676:from BLT 2/9 had seen combat in Vietnam. 8045:, GAO Review and Congressional Hearings 7355:"Donald R Backlund Awards and Citations" 6500: 6498: 6402: 5669: 5667: 5665: 5663: 5661: 5659: 5657: 5655: 5579: 5475:proposed since but also not progressed. 5421:and its crew, combined with memories of 5271:conducted an underwater recovery of the 4778:Marines of 3rd Platoon, Company G board 4773: 4765: 4750: 4360: 4348: 4333: 4322: 4306: 4294: 4250: 4234: 4222: 4206: 4097:, delivered a request for assistance to 3906: 3754: 3717: 3226: 3222: 3141:, passed nearby Poulo Wai en route from 11586:Opposition to United States involvement 9035:Transition to the New Order (Indonesia) 8036: 8028:(Chapter 18: "Anatomy of a Crisis: The 7771:"Poll Shows Ford's Job Rating Improves" 7732: 7466:"Wayne Lewis Fisk Awards and Citations" 7326:"Rowland W Purser Awards and Citations" 6239: 6200: 6198: 6196: 6194: 6192: 6190: 6188: 6186: 6184: 6182: 6180: 6178: 5884: 5882: 5880: 5809: 5703: 5554: 5497:Impact on U.S. military rescue planning 4495:by heavy Khmer Rouge fire which killed 4089:In the afternoon in New York City, the 3595: 3547:, to move combat aircraft to the area. 3516:and again drawing Khmer Rouge gunfire. 3365:to persuade the Khmer Rouge to release 14: 11717: 10879:Russian espionage in the United States 9151:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia 7977: 7768: 7714:from the original on 18 September 2015 7701: 7384:"Richard C Brims Awards and Citations" 7107:from the original on 28 September 2011 6711:from the original on 28 September 2011 6681:from the original on 28 September 2011 6651:from the original on 28 September 2011 6445: 6338: 6287: 6228: 6176: 6174: 6172: 6170: 6168: 6166: 6164: 6162: 6160: 6158: 5833:Major Thomas E. Behuniak (Fall 1978). 5733: 5731: 5729: 5727: 5725: 5692: 5673: 5400: 5361:First Lieutenant Bob Blough, pilot of 5156:Coogan had to weigh up the order from 4684:At 09:35 a circling P-3 Orion spotted 3415:Following Schlesinger's instructions, 3046:known as the Brevie Line, named after 11755:Maritime history of the United States 11017: 10874:Soviet espionage in the United States 9030:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966 8809:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution 8474:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight 8190: 7077:from the original on 26 February 2012 7047:from the original on 10 December 2019 6987:from the original on 26 February 2012 6957:from the original on 26 February 2012 6921:from the original on 26 February 2012 6891:from the original on 26 February 2012 6861:from the original on 26 February 2012 6831:from the original on 26 February 2012 6801:from the original on 26 February 2012 6771:from the original on 26 February 2012 6741:from the original on 26 February 2012 6563: 6538:. nsa.gov. 5 May 1978. Archived from 6513:from the original on 12 November 2019 6495: 5652: 5432: 5303:for their actions during the battle: 5177:return to Koh Tang was ruled out and 4933:went in to search for any survivors. 4677:and instructed the crew to return to 4219:to allow the boarding party to board. 3939:had made an assessment, in part from 3850:Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 3827: 3233:Chairman of The Joint Chiefs of Staff 2848:Bo De River, Nha Trang, Tha Cau River 258: 11699: 10950:Soviet Union–United States relations 9301:1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China 7900:(Report). Marine Corps War College. 7635:from the original on 19 October 2017 7413:"Jon D Harston Awards and Citations" 6204: 5877: 5737: 4770:View of the West Beach from an HH-53 4425:hours before being picked up by the 4393:, and ditched 1.6 km offshore. 4199: 3796: 3784:and the fact that the containers on 3763: 3187:One of the crew members broadcast a 11303:U.S. escalation / "Americanization" 10914:Soviet involvement in regime change 7874:from the original on 19 August 2014 7769:Harris, Louis (25 September 1975). 6427:from the original on 25 August 2017 6155: 5722: 4194: 24: 11232:1960 South Vietnamese coup attempt 10955:Soviet Union–United States summits 8429:1947 Polish parliamentary election 8314:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states 8016:. New York: Simon & Schuster. 7971: 7750:from the original on 23 March 2013 7704:"The Use Of Force: Short Is Sweet" 7655:"Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal" 6564:Burke, Matthew M. (4 April 2013). 6481:. Texas A&M University Press. 4747:Extraction of U.S. Marine elements 4681:and call off the American planes. 3902: 3729:during the initial seizing of the 3703:Nakhon Phanom Royal Thai Navy Base 3585:At 16:15, the Khmer Rouge ordered 3421:Naval Air Station (NAS) Cubi Point 182:23rd Tactical Air Support Squadron 25: 11811: 11227:North Vietnamese invasion of Laos 9716:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency 9651:United States invasion of Grenada 8921:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence 8862:Expulsion of Soviets from Albania 8124:by Khmer Rouge forces in May 1975 8104: 7998:, Vol. 74, No. 9 (September 1991) 7841:from the original on 28 July 2014 7229:from the original on 29 July 2014 7223:"ASN Wikibase Occurrence # 56217" 7197:from the original on 17 July 2011 7167:from the original on 17 July 2011 7137:from the original on 17 July 2011 7017:from the original on 17 July 2011 6572:from the original on 4 April 2013 6505:Matthew Burke (21 January 2017). 6477:Guilmartin, John Francis (1995). 6390:. US Air Force. 11 September 1975 5905:from the original on 27 July 2014 5563:crew members brought lawsuits in 5307:Captain Rowland Purser, pilot of 5233:Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency 5053:where McNemar jumped aboard, and 4353:BLT 2/9 Command group disembarks 3448:and the guided missile destroyer 3284:at his morning briefing with his 2993:control of the capital Phnom Penh 11785:Cambodia–United States relations 11750:International maritime incidents 11698: 11689: 11688: 11679: 11678: 11581:Draft evasion in the Vietnam War 9791:United States invasion of Panama 9641:1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War 9281:1971 Turkish military memorandum 9244:Communist insurgency in Thailand 9214:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 9146:Communist insurgency in Malaysia 8973:Assassination of John F. Kennedy 8901:Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation 8419:Restatement of Policy on Germany 7907:from the original on 28 May 2015 7808:Matthew C. Weed (8 March 2019). 6591:Ralph F. Wetterhahn (May 2001). 6446:Rollet, Charles (May 16, 2015). 6368: 6275: 6216: 5865: 5391:Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal 5328:Jon Harston, flight mechanic of 5226:Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command 5187:Joint Task Force-Full Accounting 5130:the Commander of Task Force 73, 4830:During the attempted landing by 4762:guides U.S. Marines to an HH-53. 4110:Chinese representative to the UN 3699:21st Special Operations Squadron 3425:U-Tapao Royal Thai Navy Airfield 3271:National Military Command Center 175:21st Special Operations Squadron 135: 122: 11217:Vietnamese migration of 1954–55 11043: 10511:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 9892:Dissolution of the Soviet Union 9821:Fall of the inner German border 9721:1988 Black Sea bumping incident 9371:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks 9361:Spanish transition to democracy 9321:1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency 8948:Communist insurgency in Sarawak 8454:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948 8335:Occupation of the Baltic states 7945: 7919: 7886: 7853: 7827: 7801: 7795: 7762: 7726: 7702:Blaney, Harry C (20 May 1986). 7695: 7673: 7647: 7617: 7606:from the original on 2016-11-04 7588: 7564: 7540: 7516: 7505:from the original on 2012-04-03 7487: 7476:from the original on 2012-04-03 7458: 7434: 7423:from the original on 2011-11-29 7405: 7394:from the original on 2011-11-29 7376: 7365:from the original on 2011-11-29 7347: 7336:from the original on 2011-11-29 7318: 7307: 7277: 7271: 7241: 7215: 7209: 7179: 7149: 7119: 7089: 7059: 7029: 6999: 6969: 6939: 6933: 6903: 6873: 6843: 6813: 6783: 6753: 6723: 6693: 6663: 6633: 6623:"Left behind but not forgotten" 6614: 6584: 6557: 6525: 6439: 6380: 6359:from the original on 2016-03-10 6266:from the original on 2017-03-05 6249:. Office of Air Force History. 4191:the following morning, 15 May. 3545:Korat Royal Thai Air Force Base 3427:in Thailand took off to locate 3383:ordered the military to locate 3357:It was determined that keeping 3280:was informed of the seizure of 3215:had loaded containers from the 11466:United States prisoners of war 9291:Four Power Agreement on Berlin 8926:Mozambican War of Independence 8365:Indonesian National Revolution 7955:. Hurlburt Field. 3 March 2010 7860:Major Glenn T Starnes (1995). 7681:"Thai students attack embassy" 6621:Molly DeWitt (13 April 2009). 4973:, followed by 54 taken aboard 3261:, Indonesia, who notified the 13: 1: 11649:Henry Kissinger’s involvement 10889:CIA and the Cultural Cold War 9904:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia 9857:Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident 9579:1984 Summer Olympics boycotts 9544:Seven Days to the River Rhine 9276:Corrective Revolution (Egypt) 8563:March 1949 Syrian coup d'état 8491:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état 8150:Left Behind but not Forgotten 7867:(Report). Naval War College. 7255:. 18 May 2000. Archived from 5645: 5408:Kampuchean Revolutionary Army 5299:Four Airmen were awarded the 5251: 4726:escorted by F-4N fighters of 4059:helicopters, supported by an 3911:USAF reconnaissance photo of 3391:and sea mines) if necessary. 3033: 1464:New Year's Day battle of 1968 184:3rd Tactical Fighter Squadron 11795:Military history of Cambodia 11790:Spillover of the Vietnam War 9882:Fall of communism in Albania 9852:Mongolian Revolution of 1990 9801:Polish Round Table Agreement 9141:1968 Polish political crisis 8958:Eritrean War of Independence 8724:Hungarian Revolution of 1956 8619:East German uprising of 1953 8551:Chinese Communist Revolution 8216: 8005:, Vol. 5, No. 2 (April 2000) 6409:Michael B. Petersen (2012). 6345:. Marine Corps Association. 5770:Jordan J. Paust (May 1976). 5744:1975. Osprey Raid Series #24 5596: 5569:San Francisco Superior Court 5246: 4106:Article 51 of the UN Charter 3489:(BLT) assembled in Okinawa. 3303:, Commander in Chief of the 3160:was sighted approaching the 1529:Joint General Staff Compound 1519:Cholon and Phu Tho Racetrack 861:Thayer, Irving and Thayer II 7: 11257:Independence Palace bombing 9756:Korean Air Lines Flight 007 9484:Korean Air Lines Flight 902 9229:Corrective Movement (Syria) 9193:New People's Army rebellion 9188:Sino-Soviet border conflict 8916:Angolan War of Independence 8779:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis 8659:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état 8304:Jamaican political conflict 7893:Major Mark J. Toal (1998). 6641:"LCPL Gregory S Copenhaver" 5738:Chun, Clayton K.S. (2011). 5628: 5454:Impact on the United States 5414:starting in December 1978. 4782:to evacuate the East Beach. 4283:by the U.S. Navy since the 4135:The Khmer Rouge on Koh Tang 3937:Defense Intelligence Agency 3818:388th Tactical Fighter Wing 3708:self-sealing fuel tip tanks 3630:III Marine Amphibious Force 3469:An alert order was sent to 3273:(NMCC) in Washington, D.C. 3106:Central Intelligence Agency 1457:Tet Offensive and aftermath 238:3 captured (later executed) 10: 11816: 11780:Vietnam War POW/MIA issues 11760:Maritime incidents in 1975 11639:Canada and the Vietnam War 11308:1965 South Vietnamese coup 11116:People's Republic of China 11096:International participants 9952:Sino-Indian border dispute 9781:First Nagorno-Karabakh War 9711:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 9469:1976 Argentine coup d'état 9381:Turkish invasion of Cyprus 9331:1973 Uruguayan coup d'état 9015:1964 Brazilian coup d'état 8983:Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964 8672:First Taiwan Strait Crisis 8439:Asian Relations Conference 8120:Capture and Release of SS 6701:"PFC Richard W Rivenburgh" 6205:Lamb, Christopher (2018). 6137:Wetterhahn, Ralph (2002). 5848:. Department of the Army. 5704:Farrell, Epsey C. (1998). 5674:Becker, Elizabeth (1986). 5045:, with McNemar waiting by 4804:Jolly Greens 43, 11 and 12 4788:U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff 4699:s crew was brought aboard 4557:Jolly Greens 11, 12 and 43 4174:s crew on Koh Rong Sanloem 3777:circulated among the NSC. 3653:2nd Battalion, 9th Marines 3646:1st Battalion, 9th Marines 3423:in the Philippines and at 3363:People's Republic of China 3056:Prime Minister of Cambodia 2898:Lists of allied operations 171:2nd Battalion, 9th Marines 167:1st Battalion, 4th Marines 11674: 11644:CIA activities in Vietnam 11626: 11573: 11530: 11492: 11416: 11240: 11174: 11141: 11060: 11051: 10988: 10937: 10859: 10836:William Appleman Williams 10781:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. 10563: 10535: 10484: 10416: 10409: 10343: 10208: 10133: 10063: 10056: 9965: 9912: 9844: 9557: 9296:Bangladesh Liberation War 9286:1971 Sudanese coup d'état 9201: 9173:1969 Sudanese coup d'état 9161:1968 Peruvian coup d'état 8824: 8599:Arab Cold War (1952–1979) 8576: 8286: 8224: 6625:. JD News. Archived from 6339:Dunham, George R (1990). 5484:General Accounting Office 5294: 4952:and the hastily repaired 4413:and returned to U-Tapao. 4108:. Waldheim He called the 3674:non-commissioned officers 3471:1st Battalion 4th Marines 3294:National Security Council 3241:National Security Council 3028:Vietnam Veterans Memorial 2330:Cambodia and Mekong Delta 300: 228: 215: 160: 147: 115: 103:Successful release of SS 71: 52: 44: 36: 11666:Women in the Vietnam War 11598:United States news media 11543:Indochina refugee crisis 11538:Cambodian–Vietnamese War 11313:Bombing of North Vietnam 11252:Strategic Hamlet Program 9611:1980 Turkish coup d'état 9446:Cambodian–Vietnamese War 9416:1978 Somali coup attempt 9376:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War 9341:1973 Chilean coup d'état 9166:Revolutionary Government 9060:South African Border War 8852:1960 Turkish coup d'état 8769:Iraqi 14 July Revolution 8624:1953 Iranian coup d'état 8604:1952 Egyptian revolution 8095:Foreign Relations Series 7285:"Recently Accounted-for" 7127:"LCPL Joseph N Hargrove" 7067:"SSgt Elwood E Rumbaugh" 6761:"PFC Antonio R Sandoval" 5889:Jordan J. Paust (1981). 5412:Cambodian–Vietnamese War 4440:, who used an Air Force 4239:1/4 Marines reboard USS 4057:combat search and rescue 4037:Military Sealift Command 3655:(BLT 2/9) (commanded by 3411:U.S. rescue preparations 3404:Chinese Foreign Ministry 3174:rocket-propelled grenade 3075:People's Army of Vietnam 2995:ousting the U.S.-backed 1913:DMZ Campaign (1969–1971) 1906:Vietnamization 1969–1971 1148:Malheur I and Malheur II 243:13–25 killed on Koh Tang 11765:May 1975 events in Asia 11285:Gulf of Tonkin incident 11206:Battle of Dien Bien Phu 9816:Fall of the Berlin Wall 9761:People Power Revolution 9746:Central American crisis 9686:1986 Black Sea incident 9336:1973 Afghan coup d'état 9234:Western Sahara conflict 9045:1966 Syrian coup d'état 8968:1963 Syrian coup d'état 8911:Portuguese Colonial War 8874:First Iraqi–Kurdish War 8639:1954 Syrian coup d'état 8516:Annexation of Hyderabad 8459:1947–1949 Palestine war 7776:Sarasota Herald-Tribune 7524:"Randall Walter Austin" 7007:"2LT Richard Vandegeer" 6791:"PFC Daniel A Benedett" 5019:McNemar were joined by 4714:and A-7E aircraft from 4369:rescues USAF personnel. 4291:The assault on Koh Tang 4161:DK-82 recoilless rifles 4091:US ambassador to the UN 3574:and began firing their 3552:United States Air Force 3466:s last known location. 3317:Operation Frequent Wind 3263:U.S. Embassy in Jakarta 3239:(standing), briefs the 3156:At 14:18, a Khmer Navy 3016:United States Air Force 426:Dương Liễu – Nhông Pass 240:3 helicopters destroyed 11694:Battles and operations 11634:Awards and decorations 11548:Vietnamese boat people 11517:Impact of Agent Orange 11505:Body count controversy 11212:1954 Geneva Conference 10110:Neoclassical economics 9621:Gulf of Sidra incident 9178:1969 Libyan revolution 8869:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict 8654:1954 Geneva Conference 8414:Turkish straits crisis 8409:Corfu Channel incident 8173:10.30194°N 103.13417°E 7980:The Aviation Historian 7187:"PVT Danny G Marshall" 5640:List of hostage crises 5593: 5518: 5423:Operation Freedom Deal 5109:Just after 20:20 USAF 4783: 4771: 4763: 4633: 4438:Forward Air Controller 4405:, and crash-landed in 4370: 4358: 4346: 4331: 4320: 4304: 4264: 4248: 4232: 4227:1/4 Marines board the 4220: 3916: 3760: 3736: 3493:Locating and stopping 3487:Battalion Landing Team 3419:aircraft stationed at 3248: 3217:U.S. Embassy in Saigon 3120:Khmer Rouge seize the 3040:French colonial period 1534:Bien Hoa and Long Binh 148:Commanders and leaders 11403:1975 spring offensive 11362:ARVN campaign in Laos 11358:Vietnamization policy 10960:Russia–NATO relations 10841:Jonathan Reed Winkler 10125:Democratic capitalism 10120:Supply-side economics 10088:American conservatism 9887:Breakup of Yugoslavia 9776:Bougainville conflict 9691:South Yemen civil war 9626:Martial law in Poland 9489:Nicaraguan Revolution 9464:Dirty War (Argentina) 9271:1971 JVP insurrection 9085:Years of Lead (Italy) 8963:North Yemen civil war 8881:Berlin Crisis of 1961 8857:Albanian–Soviet split 8789:1959 Tibetan uprising 8754:Syrian Crisis of 1957 8609:Iraqi Intifada (1952) 8469:1948 Arab–Israeli War 7097:"LCPL Ashton N Loney" 6977:"HN Ronald J Manning" 6881:"PFC Kelton R Turner" 6851:"PFC James J Jacques" 6821:"PFC James R Maxwell" 6568:. Stars and Stripes. 5746:. Osprey Publishing. 5615:Marine Security Guard 5583: 5500: 5464:War Powers Resolution 5387:Vietnam Service Medal 5354:, a pararescueman on 4883:BLU-82 "daisy cutter" 4777: 4769: 4754: 4615: 4364: 4352: 4342:crew released on the 4337: 4326: 4310: 4298: 4254: 4238: 4226: 4210: 3910: 3758: 3721: 3556:F-111 fighter-bombers 3550:At 13:00 two unarmed 3351:1969 EC-121 shootdown 3335:Nelson A. Rockefeller 3315:) and South Vietnam ( 3267:Eastern Daylight Time 3230: 3223:President Ford reacts 3139:Sea-Land Service Inc. 2735:Tan Son Nhut Air Base 2071:Montgomery Rendezvous 1954:Massachusetts Striker 1524:Tan Son Nhut Air Base 458:American intervention 229:Casualties and losses 11800:Democratic Kampuchea 11522:Environmental impact 11394:Battle of Phước Long 11159:Cold War (1962–1979) 10381:Non-Aligned Movement 10003:Peaceful coexistence 9957:North Borneo dispute 9872:German reunification 9867:Min Ping Yu No. 5202 9565:Salvadoran Civil War 9514:Grand Mosque seizure 9509:Yemenite War of 1979 9401:Mozambican Civil War 9356:Carnation Revolution 9311:Yemenite War of 1972 9249:1970 Polish protests 9080:1967 Hong Kong riots 9055:Argentine Revolution 9005:Guatemalan Civil War 8933:Cuban Missile Crisis 8847:Bay of Pigs Invasion 8719:1956 Poznań protests 8697:Geneva Summit (1955) 8299:Hukbalahap Rebellion 8278:Non-Aligned Movement 8111:Koh Tang Beach Vets/ 8037:Declassified sources 7600:www.homeofheroes.com 7295:on 11 September 2010 6671:"LCPL Andres Garcia" 6545:on 18 September 2015 5776:The Yale Law Journal 5555:Legal action by crew 5549:Operation Eagle Claw 5512:— Brigadier-General 4877:mounting four M60s. 4740:T-28 Trojan aircraft 4099:UN Secretary-General 4065:56th Rescue Squadron 3948:were on the island. 3770:US embassy in Tehran 3596:U.S. forces assemble 3381:James R. Schlesinger 3378:Secretary of Defense 3313:Operation Eagle Pull 3305:U.S. Pacific Command 910:Tan Son Nhut airbase 288:Military engagements 11602:In popular culture 11555:Sino-Vietnamese War 11385:Paris Peace Accords 11198:First Indochina War 11187:Japanese occupation 11154:Cambodian Civil War 10826:Alex von Tunzelmann 10816:Vladimir Tismăneanu 10741:Thomas J. McCormick 10736:Jack F. Matlock Jr. 10636:Robert Hugh Ferrell 10499:Crusade for Freedom 10296:Illiberal democracy 10180:Ho Chi Minh Thought 9983:Eisenhower Doctrine 9836:Peaceful Revolution 9831:Romanian Revolution 9811:Revolutions of 1989 9796:1988 Polish strikes 9706:Operation INFEKTION 9701:1987 Lieyu massacre 9606:Eritrean Civil Wars 9589:Peruvian Revolution 9539:1979 Herat uprising 9529:Sino-Vietnamese War 9494:Uganda–Tanzania War 9474:Egyptian–Libyan War 9441:Third Indochina War 9436:Sino-Albanian split 9426:Ethiopian Civil War 9326:Eritrean Civil Wars 9266:Ping-pong diplomacy 9239:Cambodian Civil War 9065:Korean DMZ Conflict 9050:Cultural Revolution 9020:Dominican Civil War 8998:Tlatelolco massacre 8784:1959 Mosul uprising 8774:1958 Lebanon crisis 8501:Al-Wathbah uprising 8424:First Indochina War 8394:Iran crisis of 1946 8178:10.30194; 103.13417 8169: / 7927:"Honoring the Past" 7781:Halifax Media Group 7548:"Michael S. Eustis" 7442:"James V. McDaniel" 6947:"HM1 Bernard Gause" 6911:"PFC Lynn Blessing" 6458:on October 16, 2018 6452:The Phnom Penh Post 6240:Lavalle, A (1985). 5842:Military Law Review 5635:Khmer National Navy 5559:In April 1977 some 5401:Impact on Kampuchea 5350:Technical Sergeant 5099:Private First Class 4263:away from Koh Tang. 4215:pulls alongside SS 4005: / 3974: / 3686:helicopters of the 3642:3rd Marine Division 3600:U.S. Navy warships 3523:underway. At 08:45 3479:9th Marine Regiment 3038:In 1939 during the 2975:took place between 2382:Paris Peace Accords 2162:Pennsylvania Square 1816:Phase III Offensive 1711:Landing Zone Center 825:Baton Rouge Victory 207:Carrier Air Wing 15 11376:Christmas bombings 11349:Cambodian campaign 10980:Russian Revolution 10776:Mary Elise Sarotte 10761:William B. Pickett 10686:Patrick J. Hearden 10666:Gabriel Gorodetsky 10661:Timothy Garton Ash 10646:Anneli Ute Gabanyi 10241:Ethnic nationalism 9993:Hallstein Doctrine 9877:Yemeni unification 9666:1985 Geneva Summit 9631:Casamance conflict 9534:New Jewel Movement 9519:Iranian Revolution 9504:Chadian–Libyan War 9451:Cambodian conflict 9431:Lebanese Civil War 9421:Western Sahara War 9396:June 1976 protests 9391:Cambodian genocide 9156:17 July Revolution 9110:Nigerian Civil War 9025:Rhodesian Bush War 9010:Colombian conflict 8953:Ramadan Revolution 8692:Bandung Conference 8568:Operation Valuable 8449:Partition of India 8138:2007-12-27 at the 8078:2016-06-13 at the 8059:2017-02-03 at the 7996:Air Force Magazine 7743:Vietnam as History 6448:"A hell revisited" 5678:. Public Affairs. 5594: 5433:Impact on Thailand 5101:Gary L. Hall, and 5028:Technical Sergeant 4784: 4772: 4764: 4504:81 mm mortars 4371: 4359: 4357:on the West Beach. 4347: 4332: 4321: 4305: 4285:American Civil War 4265: 4249: 4233: 4221: 4009:10.316°N 103.139°E 3978:10.316°N 103.135°E 3917: 3828:Fourth NSC meeting 3761: 3737: 3657:Lieutenant Colonel 3570:soon arrived over 3543:John J. Burns, at 3541:Lieutenant General 3510:Patrol Squadron 17 3344:Secretary of State 3249: 3199:should proceed to 3113:territorial waters 3044:French Cochinchina 2496:Fall of Phnom Penh 2155:Cambodian campaign 249:4 Swift Boats sunk 11740:Conflicts in 1975 11712: 11711: 11429:Ho Chi Minh trail 11322:Buddhist Uprising 11280:Coup against Minh 11271:Coup against Diem 11194:(1949–1955) 11149:Laotian Civil War 11142:Related conflicts 11121:Republic of China 11011: 11010: 10998:List of conflicts 10846:Rudolph Winnacker 10791:Giles Scott-Smith 10766:Ronald E. Powaski 10721:Melvyn P. Leffler 10651:John Lewis Gaddis 10626:Robert D. English 10591:Warren H. Carroll 10581:Michael Beschloss 10550:Nuclear arms race 10531: 10530: 10437:Neues Deutschland 10339: 10338: 10321:White nationalism 10291:Liberal democracy 10028:Ulbricht Doctrine 10018:Brezhnev Doctrine 9826:Velvet Revolution 9570:Soviet–Afghan War 9386:Angolan Civil War 9183:Goulash Communism 9040:ASEAN Declaration 8993:Mexican Dirty War 8891:Annexation of Goa 8842:1960 U-2 incident 8816:Sino-Soviet split 8794:Laotian Civil War 8634:Bricker Amendment 8614:Mau Mau rebellion 8558:Malayan Emergency 8546:Chinese Civil War 8506:Tito–Stalin split 8360:Division of Korea 8069:Appendix VI, The 7157:"PFC Gary L Hall" 6731:"PFC Walter Boyd" 5288:Second Lieutenant 4969:and flown to the 4956:, were joined by 4873:and the gig from 4485:Executive Officer 3816:gunship from the 3797:Boats interdicted 3764:Third NSC meeting 3576:20 mm cannon 3537:Seventh Air Force 3473:(1/4 Marines) at 3400:George H. W. Bush 2963: 2962: 2509:Mayaguez incident 2203:Firebase O'Reilly 2085:Campbell Streamer 1795:Pocahontas Forest 666:Buddhist Uprising 562:Masher/White Wing 253: 252: 153:Randall W. Austin 111: 110: 18:Mayagüez incident 16:(Redirected from 11807: 11735:Combat incidents 11725:1975 in Cambodia 11702: 11701: 11692: 11691: 11682: 11681: 11439:Operation Popeye 11371:Easter Offensive 11192:State of Vietnam 11182:French Indochina 11164:Cold War in Asia 11072:Việt Minh / PAVN 11038: 11031: 11024: 11015: 11014: 10756:David S. Painter 10681:John Earl Haynes 10611:Nicholas J. Cull 10596:Adrian Cioroianu 10576:Thomas A. Bailey 10523:Voice of America 10414: 10413: 10326:White separatism 10306:Social democracy 10301:Guided democracy 10281:Authoritarianism 10231:Ultranationalism 10221:Anti-imperialism 10148:Marxism–Leninism 10061: 10060: 10048:Kinmen Agreement 10013:Johnson Doctrine 9998:Kennedy Doctrine 9914:Frozen conflicts 9897:1991 August Coup 9786:Afghan Civil War 9681:Reykjavík Summit 9676:Somali Rebellion 9616:Ugandan Bush War 9594:Gdańsk Agreement 9115:Protests of 1968 9095:War of Attrition 8804:Cuban Revolution 8740:We will bury you 8707:Cyprus Emergency 8687:Kashmir Princess 8677:Jebel Akhdar War 8526:Western betrayal 8211: 8204: 8197: 8188: 8187: 8184: 8183: 8181: 8180: 8179: 8174: 8170: 8167: 8166: 8165: 8162: 8133:rescue operation 8115:Recovery Website 8027: 8014:Years of Renewal 8010:Kissinger, Henry 7991: 7965: 7964: 7962: 7960: 7953:"MH-53 Pave Low" 7949: 7943: 7942: 7940: 7938: 7923: 7917: 7916: 7914: 7912: 7906: 7899: 7890: 7884: 7883: 7881: 7879: 7873: 7866: 7857: 7851: 7850: 7848: 7846: 7831: 7825: 7824: 7822: 7820: 7814: 7805: 7799: 7793: 7792: 7790: 7788: 7766: 7760: 7759: 7757: 7755: 7738:Braestrup, Peter 7730: 7724: 7723: 7721: 7719: 7699: 7693: 7692: 7690: 7688: 7677: 7671: 7670: 7668: 7666: 7651: 7645: 7644: 7642: 7640: 7621: 7615: 7614: 7612: 7611: 7592: 7586: 7585: 7583: 7582: 7572:"James D. Keith" 7568: 7562: 7561: 7559: 7558: 7544: 7538: 7537: 7535: 7534: 7520: 7514: 7513: 7511: 7510: 7491: 7485: 7484: 7482: 7481: 7462: 7456: 7455: 7453: 7452: 7438: 7432: 7431: 7429: 7428: 7409: 7403: 7402: 7400: 7399: 7380: 7374: 7373: 7371: 7370: 7351: 7345: 7344: 7342: 7341: 7322: 7316: 7311: 7305: 7304: 7302: 7300: 7291:. Archived from 7281: 7275: 7269: 7268: 7266: 7264: 7245: 7239: 7238: 7236: 7234: 7219: 7213: 7207: 7206: 7204: 7202: 7191:The Virtual Wall 7183: 7177: 7176: 7174: 7172: 7161:The Virtual Wall 7153: 7147: 7146: 7144: 7142: 7131:The Virtual Wall 7123: 7117: 7116: 7114: 7112: 7101:The Virtual Wall 7093: 7087: 7086: 7084: 7082: 7071:The Virtual Wall 7063: 7057: 7056: 7054: 7052: 7033: 7027: 7026: 7024: 7022: 7011:The Virtual Wall 7003: 6997: 6996: 6994: 6992: 6981:The Virtual Wall 6973: 6967: 6966: 6964: 6962: 6951:The Virtual Wall 6943: 6937: 6931: 6930: 6928: 6926: 6915:The Virtual Wall 6907: 6901: 6900: 6898: 6896: 6885:The Virtual Wall 6877: 6871: 6870: 6868: 6866: 6855:The Virtual Wall 6847: 6841: 6840: 6838: 6836: 6825:The Virtual Wall 6817: 6811: 6810: 6808: 6806: 6795:The Virtual Wall 6787: 6781: 6780: 6778: 6776: 6765:The Virtual Wall 6757: 6751: 6750: 6748: 6746: 6735:The Virtual Wall 6727: 6721: 6720: 6718: 6716: 6705:The Virtual Wall 6697: 6691: 6690: 6688: 6686: 6675:The Virtual Wall 6667: 6661: 6660: 6658: 6656: 6645:The Virtual Wall 6637: 6631: 6630: 6618: 6612: 6611: 6609: 6608: 6599:. Archived from 6588: 6582: 6581: 6579: 6577: 6561: 6555: 6554: 6552: 6550: 6544: 6537: 6529: 6523: 6522: 6520: 6518: 6502: 6493: 6492: 6474: 6468: 6467: 6465: 6463: 6443: 6437: 6436: 6434: 6432: 6426: 6415: 6406: 6400: 6399: 6397: 6395: 6384: 6378: 6372: 6371: 6367: 6365: 6364: 6336: 6285: 6279: 6278: 6274: 6272: 6271: 6265: 6248: 6237: 6226: 6220: 6219: 6215: 6213: 6202: 6153: 6152: 6134: 5915: 5914: 5912: 5910: 5886: 5875: 5869: 5868: 5864: 5862: 5860: 5839: 5830: 5807: 5806: 5804: 5802: 5767: 5758: 5757: 5735: 5720: 5719: 5701: 5690: 5689: 5671: 5607:Kenneth M. Quinn 5537:George P. Steele 5516: 5514:Richard E. Carey 5506: 5448:Palace Lightning 5284:Ho Chi Minh City 5239:from near where 5219:Ralph Wetterhahn 5175: 5166:signalled them. 5147: 5135:Robert P. Coogan 5026:s Pararescueman 5025: 5017:Gunnery Sergeant 4902:First Lieutenant 4698: 4668: 4624:Royal Government 4600: 4429:of the arriving 4377:and three HH-53 4311:East Beach with 4195:Rescue operation 4173: 4153:M60 machine guns 4145: 4027: 4020: 4019: 4017: 4016: 4015: 4010: 4006: 4003: 4002: 4001: 3998: 3989: 3988: 3986: 3985: 3984: 3979: 3975: 3972: 3971: 3970: 3967: 3955:and three HH-53 3890:Koh Rong Sanloem 3887: 3858: 3807: 3591: 3465: 3433:aircraft carrier 3256: 3052:Norodom Sihanouk 3024: 2770:Naval operations 2697:Proud Deep Alpha 2390:War of the flags 2374:The Vinh wiretap 2324:Easter Offensive 2059:Pipestone Canyon 2022:Washington Green 1727:Concordia Square 1667:Burlington Trail 1606:Truong Cong Dinh 295: 289: 279: 272: 265: 256: 255: 140: 139: 128: 126: 125: 73: 72: 57: 34: 33: 21: 11815: 11814: 11810: 11809: 11808: 11806: 11805: 11804: 11715: 11714: 11713: 11708: 11670: 11655:Pentagon Papers 11622: 11569: 11526: 11488: 11412: 11266:Buddhist crisis 11236: 11222:1955 referendum 11170: 11137: 11056: 11047: 11042: 11012: 11007: 10984: 10975:Second Cold War 10933: 10861: 10855: 10831:Odd Arne Westad 10821:Patrick Vaughan 10806:Athan Theoharis 10786:Ellen Schrecker 10771:Yakov M. Rabkin 10746:Timothy Naftali 10691:Tvrtko Jakovina 10676:Jussi Hanhimäki 10559: 10537: 10527: 10505:Paix et Liberté 10480: 10424:Active measures 10405: 10335: 10316:White supremacy 10276:Totalitarianism 10204: 10129: 10052: 10038:Reagan Doctrine 10033:Carter Doctrine 9973:Truman Doctrine 9961: 9908: 9840: 9735:Soviet reaction 9646:Ndogboyosoi War 9553: 9524:Saur Revolution 9351:1973 oil crisis 9316:Munich massacre 9224:Alcora Exercise 9219:Black September 9197: 8943:Sino-Indian War 8837:Simba rebellion 8820: 8664:Capture of the 8572: 8511:Berlin Blockade 8444:May 1947 crises 8434:Truman Doctrine 8399:Greek Civil War 8388:Blacklist Forty 8355:Gouzenko Affair 8342:Cursed soldiers 8294:Morgenthau Plan 8282: 8220: 8215: 8177: 8175: 8171: 8168: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8156: 8155: 8140:Wayback Machine 8107: 8080:Wayback Machine 8061:Wayback Machine 8039: 8024: 7982:(29): 100–108. 7974: 7972:Further reading 7969: 7968: 7958: 7956: 7951: 7950: 7946: 7936: 7934: 7925: 7924: 7920: 7910: 7908: 7904: 7897: 7891: 7887: 7877: 7875: 7871: 7864: 7858: 7854: 7844: 7842: 7833: 7832: 7828: 7818: 7816: 7812: 7806: 7802: 7796: 7786: 7784: 7767: 7763: 7753: 7751: 7731: 7727: 7717: 7715: 7708:Chicago Tribune 7700: 7696: 7686: 7684: 7679: 7678: 7674: 7664: 7662: 7661:on 2 April 2015 7653: 7652: 7648: 7638: 7636: 7623: 7622: 7618: 7609: 7607: 7594: 7593: 7589: 7580: 7578: 7570: 7569: 7565: 7556: 7554: 7546: 7545: 7541: 7532: 7530: 7522: 7521: 7517: 7508: 7506: 7493: 7492: 7488: 7479: 7477: 7464: 7463: 7459: 7450: 7448: 7440: 7439: 7435: 7426: 7424: 7411: 7410: 7406: 7397: 7395: 7382: 7381: 7377: 7368: 7366: 7353: 7352: 7348: 7339: 7337: 7324: 7323: 7319: 7312: 7308: 7298: 7296: 7283: 7282: 7278: 7272: 7262: 7260: 7247: 7246: 7242: 7232: 7230: 7221: 7220: 7216: 7210: 7200: 7198: 7185: 7184: 7180: 7170: 7168: 7155: 7154: 7150: 7140: 7138: 7125: 7124: 7120: 7110: 7108: 7095: 7094: 7090: 7080: 7078: 7065: 7064: 7060: 7050: 7048: 7035: 7034: 7030: 7020: 7018: 7005: 7004: 7000: 6990: 6988: 6975: 6974: 6970: 6960: 6958: 6945: 6944: 6940: 6934: 6924: 6922: 6909: 6908: 6904: 6894: 6892: 6879: 6878: 6874: 6864: 6862: 6849: 6848: 6844: 6834: 6832: 6819: 6818: 6814: 6804: 6802: 6789: 6788: 6784: 6774: 6772: 6759: 6758: 6754: 6744: 6742: 6729: 6728: 6724: 6714: 6712: 6699: 6698: 6694: 6684: 6682: 6669: 6668: 6664: 6654: 6652: 6639: 6638: 6634: 6629:on 18 May 2009. 6619: 6615: 6606: 6604: 6589: 6585: 6575: 6573: 6562: 6558: 6548: 6546: 6542: 6535: 6531: 6530: 6526: 6516: 6514: 6503: 6496: 6489: 6475: 6471: 6461: 6459: 6444: 6440: 6430: 6428: 6424: 6413: 6407: 6403: 6393: 6391: 6386: 6385: 6381: 6369: 6362: 6360: 6353: 6337: 6288: 6276: 6269: 6267: 6263: 6257: 6246: 6238: 6229: 6217: 6211: 6203: 6156: 6149: 6135: 5918: 5908: 5906: 5887: 5878: 5866: 5858: 5856: 5837: 5831: 5810: 5800: 5798: 5768: 5761: 5754: 5736: 5723: 5716: 5702: 5693: 5686: 5672: 5653: 5648: 5631: 5599: 5557: 5517: 5511: 5504: 5499: 5472:Thomas Eagleton 5456: 5435: 5403: 5301:Air Force Cross 5297: 5254: 5249: 5243:had taken off. 5173: 5145: 5084:M60 machine gun 5066: 5023: 4963:Henry B. Wilson 4838:, an Air Force 4813:Jolly Greens 11 4749: 4696: 4666: 4603: 4598: 4561:Knife 51 and 52 4431:Henry B. Wilson 4367:Henry B. Wilson 4293: 4205: 4197: 4176: 4171: 4143: 4137: 4025: 4014:10.316; 103.139 4013: 4011: 4007: 4004: 3999: 3996: 3994: 3992: 3991: 3983:10.316; 103.135 3982: 3980: 3976: 3973: 3968: 3965: 3963: 3961: 3960: 3905: 3903:The rescue plan 3885: 3856: 3830: 3814:AC-130H Spectre 3805: 3799: 3766: 3666:Kadena Air Base 3610:Henry B. Wilson 3598: 3589: 3498: 3463: 3452:Henry B. Wilson 3413: 3347:Henry Kissinger 3290:Brent Scowcroft 3254: 3225: 3125: 3095:Thổ Chu Islands 3036: 3022: 2966: 2965: 2964: 2959: 2886:Paracel Islands 2581:Rolling Thunder 2249:Toan Thang 1/71 2223:Jefferson Glenn 2099:Nantucket Beach 1830:Champaign Grove 1760:Mameluke Thrust 1624:My Lai Massacre 1278:Wheeler/Wallowa 1066:The Hill Fights 793:John Paul Jones 787:Minh Thanh Road 585:Suoi Bong Trang 390:Quyet Thang 202 304:Guerrilla phase 296: 287: 285: 283: 248: 246: 244: 239: 237: 235: 211: 199: 192: 189:Henry B. Wilson 185: 183: 181: 177: 173: 169: 134: 123: 121: 95: 58: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11813: 11803: 11802: 11797: 11792: 11787: 11782: 11777: 11772: 11767: 11762: 11757: 11752: 11747: 11742: 11737: 11732: 11727: 11710: 11709: 11707: 11706: 11696: 11686: 11675: 11672: 11671: 11669: 11668: 11663: 11658: 11651: 11646: 11641: 11636: 11630: 11628: 11624: 11623: 11621: 11620: 11619: 11618: 11613: 11608: 11600: 11595: 11594: 11593: 11583: 11577: 11575: 11571: 11570: 11568: 11567: 11562: 11557: 11552: 11551: 11550: 11540: 11534: 11532: 11528: 11527: 11525: 11524: 11519: 11514: 11513: 11512: 11507: 11496: 11494: 11490: 11489: 11487: 11486: 11468: 11463: 11458: 11457: 11456: 11451: 11441: 11436: 11434:Sihanouk Trail 11431: 11426: 11424:Củ Chi tunnels 11420: 11418: 11414: 11413: 11411: 11410: 11408:Fall of Saigon 11405: 11396: 11387: 11378: 11373: 11364: 11351: 11342: 11324: 11315: 11310: 11305: 11296: 11291: 11282: 11273: 11268: 11259: 11254: 11244: 11242: 11238: 11237: 11235: 11234: 11229: 11224: 11219: 11214: 11209: 11195: 11189: 11184: 11178: 11176: 11172: 11171: 11169: 11168: 11167: 11166: 11156: 11151: 11145: 11143: 11139: 11138: 11136: 11135: 11134: 11133: 11128: 11123: 11118: 11113: 11108: 11103: 11093: 11083: 11064: 11062: 11058: 11057: 11052: 11049: 11048: 11041: 11040: 11033: 11026: 11018: 11009: 11008: 11006: 11005: 11000: 10995: 10989: 10986: 10985: 10983: 10982: 10977: 10972: 10967: 10962: 10957: 10952: 10947: 10941: 10939: 10935: 10934: 10932: 10931: 10926: 10921: 10916: 10911: 10906: 10901: 10896: 10891: 10886: 10881: 10876: 10871: 10865: 10863: 10857: 10856: 10854: 10853: 10848: 10843: 10838: 10833: 10828: 10823: 10818: 10813: 10808: 10803: 10801:Timothy Snyder 10798: 10793: 10788: 10783: 10778: 10773: 10768: 10763: 10758: 10753: 10748: 10743: 10738: 10733: 10731:Vojtech Mastny 10728: 10726:Geir Lundestad 10723: 10718: 10716:Walter Laqueur 10713: 10711:Walter LaFeber 10708: 10703: 10698: 10693: 10688: 10683: 10678: 10673: 10668: 10663: 10658: 10653: 10648: 10643: 10641:André Fontaine 10638: 10633: 10628: 10623: 10618: 10613: 10608: 10603: 10598: 10593: 10588: 10583: 10578: 10573: 10571:Gar Alperovitz 10567: 10565: 10561: 10560: 10558: 10557: 10552: 10547: 10541: 10539: 10533: 10532: 10529: 10528: 10526: 10525: 10520: 10514: 10513: 10508: 10501: 10496: 10488: 10486: 10482: 10481: 10479: 10478: 10471: 10466: 10459: 10452: 10447: 10440: 10433: 10426: 10420: 10418: 10411: 10407: 10406: 10404: 10403: 10398: 10393: 10388: 10383: 10378: 10373: 10368: 10363: 10358: 10353: 10347: 10345: 10341: 10340: 10337: 10336: 10334: 10333: 10328: 10323: 10318: 10313: 10311:Third-Worldism 10308: 10303: 10298: 10293: 10288: 10283: 10278: 10273: 10268: 10263: 10258: 10253: 10248: 10243: 10238: 10233: 10228: 10223: 10218: 10212: 10210: 10206: 10205: 10203: 10202: 10197: 10192: 10187: 10182: 10177: 10170: 10165: 10160: 10155: 10150: 10145: 10139: 10137: 10131: 10130: 10128: 10127: 10122: 10117: 10112: 10107: 10102: 10100:Libertarianism 10097: 10092: 10091: 10090: 10080: 10078:Chicago school 10075: 10069: 10067: 10058: 10054: 10053: 10051: 10050: 10045: 10040: 10035: 10030: 10025: 10023:Nixon Doctrine 10020: 10015: 10010: 10005: 10000: 9995: 9990: 9985: 9980: 9975: 9969: 9967: 9966:Foreign policy 9963: 9962: 9960: 9959: 9954: 9949: 9944: 9939: 9934: 9929: 9924: 9918: 9916: 9910: 9909: 9907: 9906: 9901: 9900: 9899: 9889: 9884: 9879: 9874: 9869: 9864: 9859: 9854: 9848: 9846: 9842: 9841: 9839: 9838: 9833: 9828: 9823: 9818: 9813: 9808: 9803: 9798: 9793: 9788: 9783: 9778: 9773: 9768: 9763: 9758: 9753: 9751:Operation RYAN 9748: 9743: 9738: 9728: 9723: 9718: 9713: 9708: 9703: 9698: 9693: 9688: 9683: 9678: 9673: 9668: 9663: 9658: 9656:Able Archer 83 9653: 9648: 9643: 9638: 9633: 9628: 9623: 9618: 9613: 9608: 9603: 9602: 9601: 9591: 9586: 9581: 9572: 9567: 9561: 9559: 9555: 9554: 9552: 9551: 9546: 9541: 9536: 9531: 9526: 9521: 9516: 9511: 9506: 9501: 9496: 9491: 9486: 9481: 9476: 9471: 9466: 9461: 9453: 9448: 9443: 9438: 9433: 9428: 9423: 9418: 9413: 9408: 9406:Oromo conflict 9403: 9398: 9393: 9388: 9383: 9378: 9373: 9368: 9363: 9358: 9353: 9348: 9346:Yom Kippur War 9343: 9338: 9333: 9328: 9323: 9318: 9313: 9308: 9303: 9298: 9293: 9288: 9283: 9278: 9273: 9268: 9263: 9256: 9251: 9246: 9241: 9236: 9231: 9226: 9221: 9216: 9211: 9205: 9203: 9199: 9198: 9196: 9195: 9190: 9185: 9180: 9175: 9170: 9169: 9168: 9158: 9153: 9148: 9143: 9138: 9129: 9124: 9123: 9122: 9112: 9107: 9102: 9097: 9092: 9087: 9082: 9077: 9072: 9067: 9062: 9057: 9052: 9047: 9042: 9037: 9032: 9027: 9022: 9017: 9012: 9007: 9002: 9001: 9000: 8990: 8985: 8980: 8978:Aden Emergency 8975: 8970: 8965: 8960: 8955: 8950: 8945: 8940: 8935: 8930: 8929: 8928: 8923: 8918: 8908: 8903: 8898: 8896:Papua conflict 8893: 8888: 8883: 8878: 8877: 8876: 8866: 8865: 8864: 8854: 8849: 8844: 8839: 8834: 8828: 8826: 8822: 8821: 8819: 8818: 8813: 8812: 8811: 8801: 8799:Kitchen Debate 8796: 8791: 8786: 8781: 8776: 8771: 8766: 8761: 8759:Sputnik crisis 8756: 8751: 8743: 8736: 8731: 8729:Polish October 8726: 8721: 8716: 8709: 8704: 8699: 8694: 8689: 8684: 8679: 8674: 8669: 8661: 8656: 8651: 8646: 8641: 8636: 8631: 8629:Pact of Madrid 8626: 8621: 8616: 8611: 8606: 8601: 8596: 8591: 8586: 8584:Bamboo Curtain 8580: 8578: 8574: 8573: 8571: 8570: 8565: 8560: 8555: 8554: 8553: 8543: 8538: 8533: 8528: 8523: 8518: 8513: 8508: 8503: 8498: 8493: 8488: 8483: 8478: 8477: 8476: 8471: 8466: 8456: 8451: 8446: 8441: 8436: 8431: 8426: 8421: 8416: 8411: 8406: 8401: 8396: 8391: 8383: 8375: 8367: 8362: 8357: 8352: 8344: 8339: 8338: 8337: 8332: 8324: 8311: 8306: 8301: 8296: 8290: 8288: 8284: 8283: 8281: 8280: 8275: 8270: 8265: 8260: 8255: 8250: 8245: 8240: 8233: 8225: 8222: 8221: 8214: 8213: 8206: 8199: 8191: 8153: 8152: 8147: 8142: 8126: 8117: 8106: 8105:External links 8103: 8102: 8101: 8092: 8082: 8065: 8064: 8063: 8051: 8038: 8035: 8034: 8033: 8023:978-0684855714 8022: 8006: 8003:Flight Journal 7999: 7992: 7973: 7970: 7967: 7966: 7944: 7933:on 7 July 2015 7918: 7885: 7852: 7826: 7800: 7794: 7761: 7725: 7694: 7672: 7646: 7616: 7587: 7576:Military Times 7563: 7552:Military Times 7539: 7528:Military Times 7515: 7499:Military Times 7486: 7470:Military Times 7457: 7446:Military Times 7433: 7417:Military Times 7404: 7388:Military Times 7375: 7359:Military Times 7346: 7330:Military Times 7317: 7306: 7276: 7270: 7259:on 4 June 2011 7240: 7214: 7208: 7178: 7148: 7118: 7088: 7058: 7028: 6998: 6968: 6938: 6932: 6902: 6872: 6842: 6812: 6782: 6752: 6722: 6692: 6662: 6632: 6613: 6583: 6556: 6524: 6494: 6487: 6469: 6438: 6401: 6379: 6351: 6286: 6255: 6227: 6154: 6147: 5916: 5876: 5808: 5788:10.2307/795719 5782:(6): 774–806. 5759: 5753:978-1849084253 5752: 5721: 5714: 5691: 5684: 5650: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5643: 5642: 5637: 5630: 5627: 5623:Hurlburt Field 5598: 5595: 5590:Hurlburt Field 5556: 5553: 5509: 5498: 5495: 5468:Mike Mansfield 5455: 5452: 5434: 5431: 5402: 5399: 5379: 5378: 5375: 5372: 5369: 5366: 5363:Jolly Green 44 5359: 5333: 5332: 5326:Staff Sergeant 5323: 5317: 5315:Jolly Green 11 5311: 5309:Jolly Green 43 5296: 5293: 5253: 5250: 5248: 5245: 5203:Ti Nean Pagoda 5139:U.S. Navy SEAL 5111:Staff Sergeant 5080:Jolly Green 44 5065: 5062: 4998:Jolly Green 44 4994:Jolly Green 44 4990:Harold E. Holt 4982:Jolly Green 44 4975:Jolly Green 43 4958:Jolly Green 44 4954:Jolly Green 43 4939:Jolly Green 12 4935:Jolly Green 12 4931:Jolly Green 12 4923:Jolly Green 11 4918:Jolly Green 11 4916:Shortly after 4907:Jolly Green 11 4894:Jolly Green 11 4867:Jolly Green 12 4863:Jolly Green 11 4832:Jolly Green 43 4821:Jolly Green 43 4802:, followed by 4780:Jolly Green 11 4748: 4745: 4617:Regarding the 4602: 4592: 4588:Jolly Green 43 4576:Jolly Green 43 4553:Jolly Green 13 4545:Jolly Green 42 4541:Jolly Green 41 4509:Jolly Green 13 4499:Ashton Loney. 4497:Lance corporal 4489:Jolly Green 43 4481:Jolly Green 42 4477:Jolly Green 41 4469:Jolly Green 41 4442:survival radio 4411:Jolly Green 12 4403:Jolly Green 12 4399:Jolly Green 11 4355:Jolly Green 43 4292: 4289: 4257:Harold E. Holt 4241:Harold E. Holt 4213:Harold E. Holt 4204: 4198: 4196: 4193: 4175: 4166: 4136: 4133: 3904: 3901: 3829: 3826: 3798: 3795: 3765: 3762: 3606:Harold E. Holt 3597: 3594: 3497: 3491: 3457:Philippine Sea 3445:Harold E. Holt 3412: 3409: 3369:and her crew. 3237:David C. Jones 3224: 3221: 3129:container ship 3124: 3118: 3071:Fall of Saigon 3035: 3032: 2997:Khmer Republic 2961: 2960: 2958: 2957: 2952: 2947: 2942: 2937: 2932: 2927: 2922: 2917: 2912: 2907: 2894: 2893: 2888: 2883: 2876: 2869: 2862: 2857: 2850: 2845: 2842:Deckhouse Five 2838: 2831: 2826: 2819: 2812: 2805: 2800: 2793: 2791:Gulf of Tonkin 2788: 2766: 2765: 2758: 2751: 2744: 2737: 2732: 2725: 2716: 2709: 2700: 2693: 2686: 2679: 2672: 2665: 2658: 2651: 2644: 2639: 2632: 2625: 2620: 2613: 2606: 2603:Combat Skyspot 2599: 2592: 2585: 2576: 2569: 2562: 2555: 2548: 2541: 2534: 2527: 2516:Air operations 2512: 2511: 2506: 2503:Fall of Saigon 2499: 2492: 2485: 2480: 2473: 2458: 2457: 2452: 2447: 2442: 2437: 2432: 2427: 2422: 2417: 2412: 2407: 2402: 2397: 2392: 2377: 2376: 2371: 2370: 2369: 2364: 2357: 2352: 2347: 2342: 2337: 2332: 2314: 2313: 2308: 2301: 2296: 2289: 2288: 2287: 2279:Middlesex Peak 2275: 2268: 2259: 2258: 2257: 2245: 2242:Cuu Long 44-02 2238: 2233: 2226: 2219: 2212: 2205: 2200: 2193: 2190:Wolfe Mountain 2186: 2183:Pickens Forest 2179: 2172: 2165: 2158: 2151: 2150: 2149: 2137: 2130: 2123: 2114: 2109: 2102: 2095: 2088: 2081: 2074: 2067: 2062: 2055: 2048: 2047: 2046: 2043:Hamburger Hill 2032: 2029:Virginia Ridge 2025: 2018: 2015:Oklahoma Hills 2011: 2008:Montana Mauler 2004: 1997: 1994:Frederick Hill 1990: 1983: 1976: 1971: 1964: 1957: 1950: 1943: 1938: 1934:Toan Thang III 1929: 1922: 1915: 1902: 1901: 1898:Fayette Canyon 1894: 1887: 1883:Speedy Express 1878: 1873: 1866: 1863:Sheridan Sabre 1859: 1856:Henderson Hill 1852: 1845: 1840: 1833: 1826: 1825: 1824: 1812: 1809:Somerset Plain 1805: 1798: 1791: 1784: 1779: 1772: 1763: 1756: 1749: 1746:Jeb Stuart III 1742: 1741: 1740: 1738:Coral–Balmoral 1735: 1730: 1723: 1718: 1713: 1708: 1703: 1691: 1684: 1677: 1670: 1663: 1654: 1647: 1640: 1633: 1626: 1621: 1614: 1609: 1602: 1597: 1590: 1583: 1576: 1569: 1568: 1567: 1562: 1553: 1548: 1543: 1536: 1531: 1526: 1521: 1516: 1511: 1499: 1492: 1491: 1490: 1485: 1483:Ban Houei Sane 1473: 1466: 1453: 1452: 1445: 1438: 1431: 1424: 1417: 1410: 1401: 1394: 1391:Kien Giang 9-1 1387: 1380: 1373: 1366: 1359: 1352: 1345: 1344: 1343: 1329: 1328: 1327: 1322: 1310: 1303: 1296: 1289: 1282: 1273: 1266: 1259: 1252: 1245: 1240: 1233: 1226: 1219: 1212: 1205: 1200: 1193: 1186: 1179: 1172: 1165: 1158: 1151: 1144: 1137: 1136: 1135: 1128: 1121: 1114: 1107: 1100: 1093: 1075: 1068: 1063: 1056: 1049: 1042: 1035: 1032:Francis Marion 1028: 1022: 1017: 1012: 1007: 994: 987: 982: 975: 968: 961: 954: 947: 938: 925: 924: 919: 912: 907: 900: 897:Paul Revere IV 893: 886: 879: 872: 865: 856: 849: 842: 835: 828: 820: 815: 810: 803: 796: 789: 784: 777: 770: 763: 756: 751: 744: 737: 730: 723: 716: 709: 702: 695: 688: 681: 674: 669: 662: 655: 648: 641: 634: 627: 622: 615: 608: 601: 594: 587: 582: 575: 574: 573: 557: 550: 543: 530: 529: 522: 515: 508: 503: 502: 501: 489: 484: 479: 472: 454: 453: 448: 443: 438: 433: 428: 423: 418: 411: 406: 401: 393: 386: 381: 376: 369: 364: 359: 352: 345: 338: 336:Palace Bombing 333: 326: 321: 314: 301: 298: 297: 282: 281: 274: 267: 259: 251: 250: 241: 231: 230: 226: 225: 222: 218: 217: 213: 212: 209: 196:Harold E. Holt 163: 162: 161:Units involved 158: 157: 154: 150: 149: 145: 144: 132: 118: 117: 113: 112: 109: 108: 101: 97: 96: 87: 85: 81: 80: 79:12–15 May 1975 77: 69: 68: 50: 49: 42: 41: 32: 31: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11812: 11801: 11798: 11796: 11793: 11791: 11788: 11786: 11783: 11781: 11778: 11776: 11773: 11771: 11768: 11766: 11763: 11761: 11758: 11756: 11753: 11751: 11748: 11746: 11743: 11741: 11738: 11736: 11733: 11731: 11728: 11726: 11723: 11722: 11720: 11705: 11697: 11695: 11687: 11685: 11677: 11676: 11673: 11667: 11664: 11662: 11659: 11657: 11656: 11652: 11650: 11647: 11645: 11642: 11640: 11637: 11635: 11632: 11631: 11629: 11625: 11617: 11614: 11612: 11609: 11607: 11604: 11603: 11601: 11599: 11596: 11592: 11589: 11588: 11587: 11584: 11582: 11579: 11578: 11576: 11572: 11566: 11563: 11561: 11558: 11556: 11553: 11549: 11546: 11545: 11544: 11541: 11539: 11536: 11535: 11533: 11529: 11523: 11520: 11518: 11515: 11511: 11510:POW/MIA issue 11508: 11506: 11503: 11502: 11501: 11498: 11497: 11495: 11491: 11484: 11480: 11476: 11472: 11469: 11467: 11464: 11462: 11459: 11455: 11452: 11450: 11447: 11446: 11445: 11442: 11440: 11437: 11435: 11432: 11430: 11427: 11425: 11422: 11421: 11419: 11415: 11409: 11406: 11404: 11400: 11397: 11395: 11391: 11388: 11386: 11382: 11379: 11377: 11374: 11372: 11368: 11365: 11363: 11359: 11355: 11352: 11350: 11346: 11343: 11340: 11336: 11332: 11331:Tet Offensive 11328: 11325: 11323: 11319: 11316: 11314: 11311: 11309: 11306: 11304: 11300: 11297: 11295: 11294:December coup 11292: 11290: 11286: 11283: 11281: 11277: 11274: 11272: 11269: 11267: 11263: 11260: 11258: 11255: 11253: 11249: 11246: 11245: 11243: 11239: 11233: 11230: 11228: 11225: 11223: 11220: 11218: 11215: 11213: 11210: 11207: 11203: 11199: 11196: 11193: 11190: 11188: 11185: 11183: 11180: 11179: 11177: 11173: 11165: 11162: 11161: 11160: 11157: 11155: 11152: 11150: 11147: 11146: 11144: 11140: 11132: 11129: 11127: 11124: 11122: 11119: 11117: 11114: 11112: 11109: 11107: 11104: 11102: 11101:United States 11099: 11098: 11097: 11094: 11091: 11087: 11086:South Vietnam 11084: 11081: 11077: 11073: 11069: 11068:North Vietnam 11066: 11065: 11063: 11059: 11055: 11050: 11046: 11039: 11034: 11032: 11027: 11025: 11020: 11019: 11016: 11004: 11001: 10999: 10996: 10994: 10991: 10990: 10987: 10981: 10978: 10976: 10973: 10971: 10968: 10966: 10965:War on terror 10963: 10961: 10958: 10956: 10953: 10951: 10948: 10946: 10943: 10942: 10940: 10936: 10930: 10927: 10925: 10922: 10920: 10917: 10915: 10912: 10910: 10907: 10905: 10902: 10900: 10897: 10895: 10892: 10890: 10887: 10885: 10882: 10880: 10877: 10875: 10872: 10870: 10867: 10866: 10864: 10860:Espionage and 10858: 10852: 10849: 10847: 10844: 10842: 10839: 10837: 10834: 10832: 10829: 10827: 10824: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10814: 10812: 10811:Andrew Thorpe 10809: 10807: 10804: 10802: 10799: 10797: 10794: 10792: 10789: 10787: 10784: 10782: 10779: 10777: 10774: 10772: 10769: 10767: 10764: 10762: 10759: 10757: 10754: 10752: 10749: 10747: 10744: 10742: 10739: 10737: 10734: 10732: 10729: 10727: 10724: 10722: 10719: 10717: 10714: 10712: 10709: 10707: 10706:Gabriel Kolko 10704: 10702: 10699: 10697: 10694: 10692: 10689: 10687: 10684: 10682: 10679: 10677: 10674: 10672: 10671:Fred Halliday 10669: 10667: 10664: 10662: 10659: 10657: 10656:Lloyd Gardner 10654: 10652: 10649: 10647: 10644: 10642: 10639: 10637: 10634: 10632: 10629: 10627: 10624: 10622: 10619: 10617: 10616:Norman Davies 10614: 10612: 10609: 10607: 10604: 10602: 10601:John Costello 10599: 10597: 10594: 10592: 10589: 10587: 10584: 10582: 10579: 10577: 10574: 10572: 10569: 10568: 10566: 10562: 10556: 10553: 10551: 10548: 10546: 10543: 10542: 10540: 10536:Technological 10534: 10524: 10521: 10519: 10516: 10515: 10512: 10509: 10507: 10506: 10502: 10500: 10497: 10495: 10494: 10490: 10489: 10487: 10483: 10477: 10476: 10472: 10470: 10467: 10465: 10464: 10460: 10458: 10457: 10453: 10451: 10448: 10446: 10445: 10441: 10439: 10438: 10434: 10432: 10431: 10427: 10425: 10422: 10421: 10419: 10417:Pro-communist 10415: 10412: 10408: 10402: 10399: 10397: 10394: 10392: 10389: 10387: 10384: 10382: 10379: 10377: 10374: 10372: 10369: 10367: 10364: 10362: 10359: 10357: 10354: 10352: 10349: 10348: 10346: 10344:Organizations 10342: 10332: 10329: 10327: 10324: 10322: 10319: 10317: 10314: 10312: 10309: 10307: 10304: 10302: 10299: 10297: 10294: 10292: 10289: 10287: 10284: 10282: 10279: 10277: 10274: 10272: 10269: 10267: 10264: 10262: 10259: 10257: 10254: 10252: 10249: 10247: 10244: 10242: 10239: 10237: 10234: 10232: 10229: 10227: 10224: 10222: 10219: 10217: 10214: 10213: 10211: 10207: 10201: 10198: 10196: 10193: 10191: 10188: 10186: 10183: 10181: 10178: 10176: 10175: 10171: 10169: 10166: 10164: 10161: 10159: 10158:Eurocommunism 10156: 10154: 10151: 10149: 10146: 10144: 10141: 10140: 10138: 10136: 10132: 10126: 10123: 10121: 10118: 10116: 10113: 10111: 10108: 10106: 10103: 10101: 10098: 10096: 10093: 10089: 10086: 10085: 10084: 10081: 10079: 10076: 10074: 10071: 10070: 10068: 10066: 10062: 10059: 10055: 10049: 10046: 10044: 10041: 10039: 10036: 10034: 10031: 10029: 10026: 10024: 10021: 10019: 10016: 10014: 10011: 10009: 10006: 10004: 10001: 9999: 9996: 9994: 9991: 9989: 9988:Domino theory 9986: 9984: 9981: 9979: 9976: 9974: 9971: 9970: 9968: 9964: 9958: 9955: 9953: 9950: 9948: 9945: 9943: 9942:South Ossetia 9940: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9930: 9928: 9925: 9923: 9920: 9919: 9917: 9915: 9911: 9905: 9902: 9898: 9895: 9894: 9893: 9890: 9888: 9885: 9883: 9880: 9878: 9875: 9873: 9870: 9868: 9865: 9863: 9860: 9858: 9855: 9853: 9850: 9849: 9847: 9843: 9837: 9834: 9832: 9829: 9827: 9824: 9822: 9819: 9817: 9814: 9812: 9809: 9807: 9804: 9802: 9799: 9797: 9794: 9792: 9789: 9787: 9784: 9782: 9779: 9777: 9774: 9772: 9769: 9767: 9764: 9762: 9759: 9757: 9754: 9752: 9749: 9747: 9744: 9742: 9739: 9736: 9732: 9729: 9727: 9726:8888 Uprising 9724: 9722: 9719: 9717: 9714: 9712: 9709: 9707: 9704: 9702: 9699: 9697: 9694: 9692: 9689: 9687: 9684: 9682: 9679: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9671:Iran–Iraq War 9669: 9667: 9664: 9662: 9659: 9657: 9654: 9652: 9649: 9647: 9644: 9642: 9639: 9637: 9636:Falklands War 9634: 9632: 9629: 9627: 9624: 9622: 9619: 9617: 9614: 9612: 9609: 9607: 9604: 9600: 9597: 9596: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9587: 9585: 9582: 9580: 9576: 9573: 9571: 9568: 9566: 9563: 9562: 9560: 9556: 9550: 9547: 9545: 9542: 9540: 9537: 9535: 9532: 9530: 9527: 9525: 9522: 9520: 9517: 9515: 9512: 9510: 9507: 9505: 9502: 9500: 9499:NDF Rebellion 9497: 9495: 9492: 9490: 9487: 9485: 9482: 9480: 9479:German Autumn 9477: 9475: 9472: 9470: 9467: 9465: 9462: 9460: 9459: 9454: 9452: 9449: 9447: 9444: 9442: 9439: 9437: 9434: 9432: 9429: 9427: 9424: 9422: 9419: 9417: 9414: 9412: 9409: 9407: 9404: 9402: 9399: 9397: 9394: 9392: 9389: 9387: 9384: 9382: 9379: 9377: 9374: 9372: 9369: 9367: 9366:Metapolitefsi 9364: 9362: 9359: 9357: 9354: 9352: 9349: 9347: 9344: 9342: 9339: 9337: 9334: 9332: 9329: 9327: 9324: 9322: 9319: 9317: 9314: 9312: 9309: 9307: 9304: 9302: 9299: 9297: 9294: 9292: 9289: 9287: 9284: 9282: 9279: 9277: 9274: 9272: 9269: 9267: 9264: 9262: 9261: 9257: 9255: 9252: 9250: 9247: 9245: 9242: 9240: 9237: 9235: 9232: 9230: 9227: 9225: 9222: 9220: 9217: 9215: 9212: 9210: 9207: 9206: 9204: 9200: 9194: 9191: 9189: 9186: 9184: 9181: 9179: 9176: 9174: 9171: 9167: 9164: 9163: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9152: 9149: 9147: 9144: 9142: 9139: 9137: 9135: 9130: 9128: 9127:Prague Spring 9125: 9121: 9118: 9117: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9108: 9106: 9105:Al-Wadiah War 9103: 9101: 9098: 9096: 9093: 9091: 9088: 9086: 9083: 9081: 9078: 9076: 9073: 9071: 9070:12-3 incident 9068: 9066: 9063: 9061: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9038: 9036: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 8999: 8996: 8995: 8994: 8991: 8989: 8986: 8984: 8981: 8979: 8976: 8974: 8971: 8969: 8966: 8964: 8961: 8959: 8956: 8954: 8951: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8941: 8939: 8936: 8934: 8931: 8927: 8924: 8922: 8919: 8917: 8914: 8913: 8912: 8909: 8907: 8904: 8902: 8899: 8897: 8894: 8892: 8889: 8887: 8884: 8882: 8879: 8875: 8872: 8871: 8870: 8867: 8863: 8860: 8859: 8858: 8855: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8845: 8843: 8840: 8838: 8835: 8833: 8830: 8829: 8827: 8823: 8817: 8814: 8810: 8807: 8806: 8805: 8802: 8800: 8797: 8795: 8792: 8790: 8787: 8785: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8775: 8772: 8770: 8767: 8765: 8762: 8760: 8757: 8755: 8752: 8750: 8749: 8744: 8741: 8737: 8735: 8732: 8730: 8727: 8725: 8722: 8720: 8717: 8714: 8710: 8708: 8705: 8703: 8700: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8683: 8680: 8678: 8675: 8673: 8670: 8668: 8667: 8662: 8660: 8657: 8655: 8652: 8650: 8649:Domino theory 8647: 8645: 8644:Petrov Affair 8642: 8640: 8637: 8635: 8632: 8630: 8627: 8625: 8622: 8620: 8617: 8615: 8612: 8610: 8607: 8605: 8602: 8600: 8597: 8595: 8592: 8590: 8587: 8585: 8582: 8581: 8579: 8575: 8569: 8566: 8564: 8561: 8559: 8556: 8552: 8549: 8548: 8547: 8544: 8542: 8539: 8537: 8534: 8532: 8529: 8527: 8524: 8522: 8521:Madiun Affair 8519: 8517: 8514: 8512: 8509: 8507: 8504: 8502: 8499: 8497: 8494: 8492: 8489: 8487: 8484: 8482: 8481:Marshall Plan 8479: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8465: 8462: 8461: 8460: 8457: 8455: 8452: 8450: 8447: 8445: 8442: 8440: 8437: 8435: 8432: 8430: 8427: 8425: 8422: 8420: 8417: 8415: 8412: 8410: 8407: 8405: 8402: 8400: 8397: 8395: 8392: 8390: 8389: 8384: 8382: 8381: 8376: 8374: 8373: 8368: 8366: 8363: 8361: 8358: 8356: 8353: 8351: 8350: 8345: 8343: 8340: 8336: 8333: 8331: 8330: 8325: 8323: 8322: 8317: 8316: 8315: 8312: 8310: 8307: 8305: 8302: 8300: 8297: 8295: 8292: 8291: 8289: 8285: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8259: 8256: 8254: 8251: 8249: 8246: 8244: 8241: 8239: 8238: 8234: 8232: 8231: 8230:United States 8227: 8226: 8223: 8219: 8212: 8207: 8205: 8200: 8198: 8193: 8192: 8189: 8185: 8182: 8151: 8148: 8146: 8143: 8141: 8137: 8134: 8132: 8127: 8125: 8123: 8118: 8116: 8114: 8109: 8108: 8100: 8096: 8093: 8091: 8089: 8083: 8081: 8077: 8074: 8072: 8066: 8062: 8058: 8055: 8052: 8050: 8047: 8046: 8044: 8041: 8040: 8031: 8025: 8019: 8015: 8011: 8007: 8004: 8000: 7997: 7993: 7989: 7985: 7981: 7976: 7975: 7954: 7948: 7932: 7928: 7922: 7903: 7896: 7889: 7870: 7863: 7856: 7840: 7836: 7830: 7811: 7804: 7798: 7782: 7778: 7777: 7772: 7765: 7749: 7745: 7744: 7739: 7735: 7734:Mueller, John 7729: 7713: 7709: 7705: 7698: 7682: 7676: 7660: 7656: 7650: 7634: 7630: 7626: 7620: 7605: 7601: 7597: 7591: 7577: 7573: 7567: 7553: 7549: 7543: 7529: 7525: 7519: 7504: 7500: 7496: 7490: 7475: 7471: 7467: 7461: 7447: 7443: 7437: 7422: 7418: 7414: 7408: 7393: 7389: 7385: 7379: 7364: 7360: 7356: 7350: 7335: 7331: 7327: 7321: 7315: 7310: 7294: 7290: 7286: 7280: 7274: 7258: 7254: 7250: 7244: 7228: 7224: 7218: 7212: 7196: 7192: 7188: 7182: 7166: 7162: 7158: 7152: 7136: 7132: 7128: 7122: 7106: 7102: 7098: 7092: 7076: 7072: 7068: 7062: 7046: 7042: 7038: 7032: 7016: 7012: 7008: 7002: 6986: 6982: 6978: 6972: 6956: 6952: 6948: 6942: 6936: 6920: 6916: 6912: 6906: 6890: 6886: 6882: 6876: 6860: 6856: 6852: 6846: 6830: 6826: 6822: 6816: 6800: 6796: 6792: 6786: 6770: 6766: 6762: 6756: 6740: 6736: 6732: 6726: 6710: 6706: 6702: 6696: 6680: 6676: 6672: 6666: 6650: 6646: 6642: 6636: 6628: 6624: 6617: 6603:on 2013-05-06 6602: 6598: 6594: 6587: 6571: 6567: 6560: 6541: 6534: 6528: 6512: 6508: 6501: 6499: 6490: 6484: 6480: 6473: 6457: 6453: 6449: 6442: 6423: 6419: 6412: 6405: 6389: 6383: 6376: 6375:public domain 6358: 6354: 6352:9780160264559 6348: 6344: 6343: 6335: 6333: 6331: 6329: 6327: 6325: 6323: 6321: 6319: 6317: 6315: 6313: 6311: 6309: 6307: 6305: 6303: 6301: 6299: 6297: 6295: 6293: 6291: 6283: 6282:public domain 6262: 6258: 6252: 6245: 6244: 6236: 6234: 6232: 6224: 6223:public domain 6210: 6209: 6201: 6199: 6197: 6195: 6193: 6191: 6189: 6187: 6185: 6183: 6181: 6179: 6177: 6175: 6173: 6171: 6169: 6167: 6165: 6163: 6161: 6159: 6150: 6148:0-452-28333-7 6144: 6140: 6133: 6131: 6129: 6127: 6125: 6123: 6121: 6119: 6117: 6115: 6113: 6111: 6109: 6107: 6105: 6103: 6101: 6099: 6097: 6095: 6093: 6091: 6089: 6087: 6085: 6083: 6081: 6079: 6077: 6075: 6073: 6071: 6069: 6067: 6065: 6063: 6061: 6059: 6057: 6055: 6053: 6051: 6049: 6047: 6045: 6043: 6041: 6039: 6037: 6035: 6033: 6031: 6029: 6027: 6025: 6023: 6021: 6019: 6017: 6015: 6013: 6011: 6009: 6007: 6005: 6003: 6001: 5999: 5997: 5995: 5993: 5991: 5989: 5987: 5985: 5983: 5981: 5979: 5977: 5975: 5973: 5971: 5969: 5967: 5965: 5963: 5961: 5959: 5957: 5955: 5953: 5951: 5949: 5947: 5945: 5943: 5941: 5939: 5937: 5935: 5933: 5931: 5929: 5927: 5925: 5923: 5921: 5904: 5900: 5896: 5892: 5885: 5883: 5881: 5873: 5872:public domain 5855: 5851: 5847: 5843: 5836: 5829: 5827: 5825: 5823: 5821: 5819: 5817: 5815: 5813: 5797: 5793: 5789: 5785: 5781: 5777: 5773: 5766: 5764: 5755: 5749: 5745: 5741: 5734: 5732: 5730: 5728: 5726: 5717: 5711: 5707: 5700: 5698: 5696: 5687: 5681: 5677: 5670: 5668: 5666: 5664: 5662: 5660: 5658: 5656: 5651: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5632: 5626: 5624: 5620: 5616: 5612: 5608: 5604: 5591: 5587: 5582: 5578: 5575: 5570: 5566: 5565:admiralty law 5562: 5552: 5550: 5545: 5542: 5538: 5535: 5531: 5528: 5523: 5515: 5508: 5494: 5491: 5487: 5485: 5481: 5476: 5473: 5469: 5465: 5460: 5451: 5449: 5445: 5444:Kukrit Pramoj 5441: 5430: 5428: 5424: 5420: 5415: 5413: 5409: 5398: 5396: 5392: 5388: 5384: 5381:Although the 5376: 5373: 5370: 5367: 5364: 5360: 5357: 5353: 5349: 5348: 5347: 5345: 5340: 5338: 5331: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5318: 5316: 5312: 5310: 5306: 5305: 5304: 5302: 5292: 5289: 5285: 5281: 5280: 5274: 5268: 5266: 5262: 5257: 5244: 5242: 5238: 5234: 5229: 5227: 5222: 5220: 5216: 5215:Purple Hearts 5212: 5207: 5204: 5198: 5195: 5190: 5188: 5182: 5180: 5172: 5167: 5164: 5159: 5158:Seventh Fleet 5154: 5151: 5144: 5140: 5136: 5133: 5129: 5124: 5121: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5104: 5100: 5095: 5092: 5087: 5085: 5081: 5076: 5070: 5061: 5060: 5056: 5052: 5048: 5044: 5040: 5036: 5032: 5029: 5022: 5018: 5014: 5010: 5005: 5003: 4999: 4995: 4991: 4987: 4983: 4978: 4976: 4972: 4968: 4964: 4959: 4955: 4951: 4946: 4944: 4940: 4936: 4932: 4928: 4924: 4919: 4914: 4912: 4908: 4903: 4899: 4895: 4890: 4888: 4884: 4880: 4876: 4872: 4868: 4864: 4859: 4855: 4853: 4849: 4845: 4841: 4837: 4833: 4828: 4826: 4822: 4818: 4814: 4808: 4805: 4801: 4797: 4792: 4789: 4781: 4776: 4768: 4761: 4758: 4757:pararescueman 4753: 4744: 4741: 4737: 4733: 4729: 4725: 4721: 4717: 4713: 4712:A-6A Intruder 4708: 4706: 4702: 4695: 4691: 4687: 4682: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4665: 4661: 4656: 4654: 4650: 4649:Ream airfield 4646: 4642: 4638: 4632: 4630: 4625: 4620: 4614: 4612: 4608: 4597: 4591: 4589: 4585: 4581: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4564: 4562: 4558: 4554: 4550: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4534: 4530: 4526: 4522: 4517: 4515: 4510: 4505: 4500: 4498: 4492: 4490: 4486: 4482: 4478: 4474: 4470: 4465: 4461: 4457: 4453: 4451: 4447: 4443: 4439: 4434: 4432: 4428: 4423: 4419: 4414: 4412: 4408: 4407:Trat Province 4404: 4400: 4396: 4392: 4388: 4384: 4383:Landing zones 4380: 4376: 4368: 4363: 4356: 4351: 4345: 4341: 4336: 4329: 4325: 4318: 4314: 4309: 4302: 4297: 4288: 4286: 4282: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4262: 4258: 4253: 4246: 4242: 4237: 4230: 4225: 4218: 4214: 4209: 4203: 4192: 4190: 4186: 4182: 4170: 4165: 4162: 4159:RPGs and two 4158: 4154: 4148: 4142: 4132: 4129: 4126: 4122: 4118: 4113: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4102:Kurt Waldheim 4100: 4096: 4095:John A. Scali 4092: 4087: 4085: 4081: 4077: 4073: 4068: 4066: 4062: 4058: 4054: 4050: 4046: 4042: 4038: 4033: 4029: 4024: 4018: 3987: 3958: 3954: 3949: 3946: 3942: 3938: 3932: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3914: 3909: 3900: 3898: 3893: 3891: 3884: 3878: 3874: 3871: 3865: 3863: 3855: 3851: 3847: 3844: 3838: 3836: 3825: 3821: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3804: 3794: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3778: 3775: 3771: 3757: 3753: 3751: 3746: 3742: 3735: 3734: 3728: 3725: 3720: 3716: 3713: 3709: 3704: 3701:stationed at 3700: 3696: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3682: 3677: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3663: 3658: 3654: 3649: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3625: 3624: 3618: 3617: 3611: 3607: 3603: 3593: 3588: 3583: 3581: 3580:A-7D Corsairs 3577: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3557: 3553: 3548: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3526: 3522: 3517: 3515: 3511: 3507: 3503: 3502:radar returns 3496: 3490: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3476: 3472: 3467: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3453: 3447: 3446: 3440: 3439: 3434: 3430: 3426: 3422: 3418: 3408: 3405: 3401: 3397: 3392: 3390: 3386: 3382: 3379: 3375: 3370: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3355: 3352: 3348: 3345: 3341: 3336: 3332: 3328: 3326: 3320: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3287: 3283: 3279: 3274: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3253: 3246: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3229: 3220: 3218: 3214: 3209: 3205: 3202: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3185: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3163: 3159: 3154: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3136: 3135: 3130: 3123: 3117: 3114: 3109: 3107: 3102: 3100: 3096: 3092: 3087: 3085: 3084:South Vietnam 3080: 3076: 3072: 3068: 3063: 3061: 3060:North Vietnam 3057: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3041: 3031: 3029: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3004: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2986: 2985:United States 2982: 2978: 2974: 2972: 2956: 2953: 2951: 2948: 2946: 2943: 2941: 2938: 2936: 2933: 2931: 2928: 2926: 2923: 2921: 2918: 2916: 2913: 2911: 2908: 2906: 2903: 2902: 2901: 2900: 2899: 2892: 2889: 2887: 2884: 2882: 2881: 2877: 2875: 2874: 2873:Custom Tailor 2870: 2868: 2867: 2863: 2861: 2858: 2856: 2855: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2844: 2843: 2839: 2837: 2836: 2832: 2830: 2827: 2825: 2824: 2820: 2818: 2817: 2813: 2811: 2810: 2806: 2804: 2801: 2799: 2798: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2786: 2785: 2780: 2779: 2775: 2774: 2773: 2772: 2771: 2764: 2763: 2762:Frequent Wind 2759: 2757: 2756: 2752: 2750: 2749: 2745: 2743: 2742: 2738: 2736: 2733: 2731: 2730: 2726: 2724: 2723: 2722: 2721:Linebacker II 2717: 2715: 2714: 2710: 2708: 2707: 2706: 2701: 2699: 2698: 2694: 2692: 2691: 2687: 2685: 2684: 2680: 2678: 2677: 2673: 2671: 2670: 2666: 2664: 2663: 2662:Commando Hunt 2659: 2657: 2656: 2652: 2650: 2649: 2645: 2643: 2640: 2638: 2637: 2633: 2631: 2630: 2626: 2624: 2621: 2619: 2618: 2614: 2612: 2611: 2607: 2605: 2604: 2600: 2598: 2597: 2593: 2591: 2590: 2586: 2584: 2583: 2582: 2577: 2575: 2574: 2570: 2568: 2567: 2563: 2561: 2560: 2556: 2554: 2553: 2549: 2547: 2546: 2542: 2540: 2539: 2535: 2533: 2532: 2528: 2526: 2525: 2521: 2520: 2519: 2518: 2517: 2510: 2507: 2505: 2504: 2500: 2498: 2497: 2493: 2491: 2490: 2486: 2484: 2481: 2479: 2478: 2474: 2472: 2471: 2467: 2466: 2465: 2464: 2463: 2456: 2453: 2451: 2448: 2446: 2443: 2441: 2438: 2436: 2435:Iron Triangle 2433: 2431: 2428: 2426: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2413: 2411: 2408: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2393: 2391: 2388: 2387: 2386: 2385: 2383: 2375: 2372: 2368: 2367:2nd Quang Trị 2365: 2363: 2362: 2358: 2356: 2353: 2351: 2350:Mỹ Chánh Line 2348: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2335:1st Quang Trị 2333: 2331: 2328: 2327: 2326: 2325: 2321: 2320: 2319: 2318: 2312: 2309: 2307: 2306: 2302: 2300: 2297: 2295: 2294: 2293:Caroline Hill 2290: 2286: 2283: 2282: 2281: 2280: 2276: 2274: 2273: 2269: 2267: 2266: 2265: 2260: 2256: 2253: 2252: 2251: 2250: 2246: 2244: 2243: 2239: 2237: 2234: 2232: 2231: 2227: 2225: 2224: 2220: 2218: 2217: 2216:Imperial Lake 2213: 2211: 2210: 2206: 2204: 2201: 2199: 2198: 2194: 2192: 2191: 2187: 2185: 2184: 2180: 2178: 2177: 2173: 2171: 2170: 2169:Clinch Valley 2166: 2164: 2163: 2159: 2157: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2145: 2144: 2143: 2142: 2138: 2136: 2135: 2131: 2129: 2128: 2127:Randolph Glen 2124: 2122: 2121: 2120: 2119:Toan Thang IV 2115: 2113: 2110: 2108: 2107: 2106:Fulton Square 2103: 2101: 2100: 2096: 2094: 2093: 2089: 2087: 2086: 2082: 2080: 2079: 2075: 2073: 2072: 2068: 2066: 2063: 2061: 2060: 2056: 2054: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2044: 2040: 2039: 2038: 2037: 2033: 2031: 2030: 2026: 2024: 2023: 2019: 2017: 2016: 2012: 2010: 2009: 2005: 2003: 2002: 1998: 1996: 1995: 1991: 1989: 1988: 1984: 1982: 1981: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1969: 1968:Purple Martin 1965: 1963: 1962: 1958: 1956: 1955: 1951: 1949: 1948: 1947:Iron Mountain 1944: 1942: 1939: 1937: 1936: 1935: 1930: 1928: 1927: 1923: 1921: 1920: 1916: 1914: 1911: 1910: 1909: 1908: 1907: 1900: 1899: 1895: 1893: 1892: 1891:Taylor Common 1888: 1886: 1885: 1884: 1879: 1877: 1874: 1872: 1871: 1867: 1865: 1864: 1860: 1858: 1857: 1853: 1851: 1850: 1846: 1844: 1841: 1839: 1838: 1834: 1832: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1820: 1819: 1818: 1817: 1813: 1811: 1810: 1806: 1804: 1803: 1799: 1797: 1796: 1792: 1790: 1789: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1777: 1773: 1771: 1770: 1769: 1768:Toan Thang II 1764: 1762: 1761: 1757: 1755: 1754: 1750: 1748: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1736: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1728: 1724: 1722: 1719: 1717: 1714: 1712: 1709: 1707: 1704: 1702: 1699: 1698: 1697: 1696: 1695:May Offensive 1692: 1690: 1689: 1685: 1683: 1682: 1678: 1676: 1675: 1671: 1669: 1668: 1664: 1662: 1661: 1660: 1655: 1653: 1652: 1651:Cochise Green 1648: 1646: 1645: 1641: 1639: 1638: 1634: 1632: 1631: 1627: 1625: 1622: 1620: 1619: 1615: 1613: 1610: 1608: 1607: 1603: 1601: 1598: 1596: 1595: 1591: 1589: 1588: 1584: 1582: 1581: 1577: 1575: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1560: 1559: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1541: 1537: 1535: 1532: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1522: 1520: 1517: 1515: 1512: 1510: 1507: 1506: 1505: 1504: 1503:Tet Offensive 1500: 1498: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1486: 1484: 1481: 1480: 1479: 1478: 1474: 1472: 1471: 1467: 1465: 1462: 1461: 1460: 1459: 1458: 1451: 1450: 1446: 1444: 1443: 1439: 1437: 1436: 1432: 1430: 1429: 1425: 1423: 1422: 1418: 1416: 1415: 1411: 1409: 1408: 1407: 1402: 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Retrieved 5779: 5775: 5743: 5739: 5705: 5675: 5618: 5609:and Senator 5602: 5601:In 1996 the 5600: 5585: 5573: 5560: 5558: 5546: 5540: 5534:Vice Admiral 5532: 5526: 5521: 5519: 5501: 5492: 5488: 5477: 5461: 5457: 5440:U.S. Embassy 5436: 5418: 5416: 5404: 5394: 5382: 5380: 5362: 5355: 5341: 5334: 5329: 5320: 5314: 5308: 5298: 5278: 5272: 5269: 5264: 5260: 5258: 5255: 5240: 5231:In 2016 the 5230: 5223: 5208: 5199: 5191: 5183: 5178: 5170: 5168: 5162: 5155: 5149: 5142: 5132:Rear Admiral 5127: 5125: 5119: 5115: 5108: 5096: 5090: 5088: 5079: 5071: 5067: 5058: 5054: 5050: 5046: 5042: 5038: 5034: 5020: 5008: 5006: 5001: 4997: 4993: 4989: 4985: 4981: 4979: 4974: 4970: 4966: 4962: 4957: 4953: 4949: 4947: 4942: 4938: 4934: 4930: 4926: 4922: 4917: 4915: 4910: 4906: 4897: 4893: 4891: 4886: 4878: 4874: 4870: 4866: 4862: 4860: 4856: 4847: 4843: 4835: 4831: 4829: 4824: 4820: 4816: 4812: 4809: 4803: 4799: 4795: 4793: 4785: 4779: 4735: 4709: 4704: 4700: 4693: 4689: 4685: 4683: 4678: 4674: 4670: 4663: 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3568:F-4 Phantoms 3559: 3549: 3532: 3528: 3524: 3520: 3518: 3513: 3505: 3499: 3494: 3468: 3460: 3451: 3444: 3437: 3428: 3414: 3395: 3393: 3384: 3371: 3366: 3358: 3356: 3339: 3324: 3321: 3308: 3281: 3275: 3251: 3250: 3212: 3207: 3206: 3196: 3192: 3186: 3181: 3165: 3161: 3155: 3150: 3133: 3126: 3121: 3110: 3103: 3088: 3064: 3058:agreed with 3048:Jules Brévié 3037: 3019: 3008:U.S. Marines 3002: 2970: 2969: 2967: 2896: 2895: 2879: 2872: 2866:Pocket Money 2865: 2852: 2840: 2833: 2821: 2816:Double Eagle 2814: 2807: 2795: 2782: 2776: 2768: 2767: 2760: 2753: 2746: 2739: 2727: 2720: 2718: 2713:Enhance Plus 2711: 2705:Linebacker I 2704: 2702: 2695: 2690:Freedom Deal 2688: 2681: 2674: 2667: 2660: 2653: 2646: 2634: 2627: 2615: 2608: 2601: 2594: 2587: 2580: 2578: 2571: 2566:Flaming Dart 2564: 2559:Pony Express 2557: 2550: 2545:Pierce Arrow 2543: 2536: 2529: 2522: 2514: 2513: 2508: 2501: 2494: 2488: 2476: 2470:Ban Me Thuot 2469: 2460: 2459: 2405:Tong Le Chon 2379: 2378: 2360: 2322: 2316: 2315: 2303: 2291: 2285:FSB Mary Ann 2277: 2270: 2263: 2261: 2247: 2240: 2236:Son Tay Raid 2228: 2221: 2214: 2207: 2197:Chicago Peak 2195: 2188: 2181: 2174: 2167: 2160: 2153: 2139: 2132: 2125: 2118: 2116: 2104: 2097: 2092:Idaho Canyon 2090: 2083: 2076: 2069: 2057: 2050: 2042: 2034: 2027: 2020: 2013: 2006: 1999: 1992: 1985: 1978: 1966: 1959: 1952: 1945: 1933: 1931: 1926:Dewey Canyon 1924: 1919:Bold Mariner 1917: 1904: 1903: 1896: 1890: 1882: 1880: 1868: 1861: 1854: 1847: 1835: 1828: 1814: 1807: 1800: 1793: 1786: 1774: 1767: 1765: 1758: 1753:Nevada Eagle 1751: 1744: 1725: 1721:South Saigon 1693: 1686: 1679: 1672: 1665: 1659:Toan Thang I 1658: 1656: 1649: 1642: 1635: 1628: 1616: 1612:Lima Site 85 1604: 1592: 1585: 1578: 1571: 1557: 1555: 1539: 1501: 1494: 1475: 1468: 1455: 1454: 1448: 1442:Badger Tooth 1440: 1434: 1426: 1419: 1412: 1404: 1403: 1396: 1389: 1382: 1375: 1368: 1361: 1354: 1347: 1339: 1331: 1325:1st Loc Ninh 1312: 1305: 1298: 1291: 1284: 1277: 1275: 1268: 1261: 1254: 1247: 1235: 1228: 1221: 1216:Diamond Head 1214: 1207: 1195: 1188: 1181: 1174: 1167: 1160: 1153: 1146: 1139: 1130: 1123: 1116: 1109: 1102: 1095: 1088: 1077: 1070: 1058: 1051: 1044: 1037: 1030: 1025:2nd Bàu Bàng 998: 996: 989: 977: 970: 963: 956: 949: 942: 940: 933: 927: 926: 914: 902: 895: 888: 881: 876:Deckhouse IV 874: 867: 860: 858: 851: 846:Sunset Beach 844: 837: 830: 824: 805: 798: 791: 779: 772: 765: 758: 746: 740: 732: 725: 718: 711: 704: 697: 690: 683: 676: 664: 657: 650: 643: 636: 629: 617: 610: 603: 596: 589: 577: 570:Double Eagle 568: 561: 559: 552: 545: 538: 532: 531: 526:Harvest Moon 524: 518: 511: 506:1st Bau Bang 491: 474: 467: 461: 456: 455: 413: 397: 389: 372: 354: 348: 341: 329: 316: 309: 302: 202: 195: 188: 116:Belligerents 104: 64: 60: 45:Part of the 37: 29: 11131:New Zealand 11126:South Korea 11045:Vietnam War 10796:Shen Zhihua 10606:Michael Cox 10538:competition 10485:Pro-Western 10475:Soviet Life 10401:Safari Club 10371:Warsaw Pact 10226:Nationalism 10216:Imperialism 10115:Reaganomics 9978:Containment 9771:Perestroika 9260:Realpolitik 9090:Six-Day War 9075:Greek junta 8886:Berlin Wall 8734:Suez Crisis 8702:Vietnam War 8589:McCarthyism 8404:Baruch Plan 8349:Unthinkable 8309:Dekemvriana 8248:Warsaw Pact 8176: / 8097:, Vietnam, 8071:SS Mayaguez 7665:11 December 7639:31 December 7263:10 February 7201:10 December 7171:10 December 7141:10 December 7111:10 December 7081:10 December 7051:10 December 7021:10 December 6991:10 December 6961:10 December 6925:10 December 6895:10 December 6865:10 December 6835:10 December 6805:10 December 6775:10 December 6745:10 December 6715:10 December 6685:10 December 6655:10 December 6597:Leatherneck 6576:16 December 6462:October 16, 5625:, Florida. 5611:John McCain 5344:Silver Star 5237:flak jacket 5033:outside of 4850:to use its 4594:Release of 4365:Gig of USS 4012: / 4000:103°08′20″E 3981: / 3969:103°08′06″E 3846:David Jones 3810:Kampong Som 3727:Swift Boats 3724:Khmer Rouge 3684:Jolly Green 3670:Vietnam War 3477:and to the 3331:North Korea 3301:Noel Gayler 3278:Gerald Ford 3265:. By 05:12 3245:White House 3231:The acting 3137:, owned by 3077:(PAVN) and 3067:Khmer Rouge 2989:Khmer Rouge 2823:Stable Door 2809:Game Warden 2803:Vung Ro Bay 2797:Market Time 2669:Giant Lance 2655:Igloo White 2610:Tiger Hound 2589:Steel Tiger 2552:Barrel Roll 2477:Hue–Da Nang 2462:Spring 1975 2410:Trung Nghia 2384:(1973–1974) 2361:Thunderhead 2272:Finney Hill 2264:Lam Son 719 2147:FSB Ripcord 2134:Green River 2052:Lamar Plain 2036:Apache Snow 2001:Geneva Park 1987:Atlas Wedge 1870:Meade River 1802:Quyet Chien 1706:West Saigon 1688:Allen Brook 1674:Scotland II 1618:Quyet Thang 1580:Coronado XI 1428:Yellowstone 1363:Coronado IX 1270:Dragon Fire 1256:Coronado IV 1230:Coronado II 1104:Prairie III 1072:Beaver Cage 965:Sam Houston 943:Cedar Falls 935:Deckhouse V 760:Nathan Hale 713:Crazy Horse 706:Paul Revere 619:Silver City 605:Cocoa Beach 293:Vietnam War 291:during the 63:(left) and 47:Vietnam War 11719:Categories 11500:Casualties 11471:War crimes 11454:Land mines 11289:Resolution 11175:Background 10564:Historians 10555:Space Race 10456:Rudé právo 10410:Propaganda 10266:Neo-Nazism 10236:Chauvinism 10190:Trotskyism 10105:Monetarism 10073:Liberalism 10065:Capitalism 10057:Ideologies 10008:Ostpolitik 9731:Solidarity 9696:Toyota War 9599:Solidarity 9456:Operation 9411:Ogaden War 9100:Dhofar War 8988:Shifta War 8746:Operation 8594:Korean War 8386:Operation 8378:Operation 8370:Operation 8347:Operation 8327:Operation 8319:Operation 7718:13 October 7610:2016-10-27 7581:2020-02-15 7557:2020-02-15 7533:2020-02-15 7509:2010-02-11 7480:2010-02-11 7451:2020-02-14 7427:2010-02-11 7398:2010-02-11 7369:2010-02-11 7340:2010-02-11 6607:2012-09-06 6517:9 December 6488:0890966656 6394:9 December 6363:2018-06-19 6270:2019-12-10 6256:0912799285 5715:9041104739 5685:1891620002 5646:References 5482:asked the 5466:. Senator 5427:Tuol Sleng 5352:Wayne Fisk 5337:Navy Cross 5252:Casualties 5031:Wayne Fisk 5015:Davis and 4852:5-inch gun 4846:called on 4760:Wayne Fisk 3997:10°18′58″N 3966:10°18′58″N 3790:rappelling 3679:Nine USAF 3276:President 3235:, General 3158:Swift Boat 3034:Background 2983:) and the 2835:Sea Dragon 2755:Eagle Pull 2729:Homecoming 2617:Shed Light 2538:Ranch Hand 2455:Phước Long 2445:Thượng Đức 2430:Svay Rieng 2415:Ap Da Bien 2299:Long Khánh 2176:Elk Canyon 2141:Texas Star 1980:Maine Crag 1961:Wayne Grey 1843:Thượng Đức 1514:US Embassy 1496:Coronado X 1414:Manchester 1286:Coronado V 1237:Hood River 1203:The Slopes 1132:Kingfisher 1111:Prairie IV 1097:Prairie II 979:Enterprise 883:Shenandoah 741:Lam Son II 685:Birmingham 247:15 wounded 236:50 wounded 11574:Reactions 11531:Aftermath 11202:Việt Minh 11111:Australia 11080:Viet Cong 10851:Ken Young 10696:Tony Judt 10545:Arms race 10518:Red Scare 10386:NN States 10331:Apartheid 10286:Autocracy 10195:Stalinism 10163:Guevarism 10153:Castroism 10143:Communism 10135:Socialism 9661:Star Wars 9254:Koza riot 8380:Beleaguer 8372:Masterdom 8164:103°8′3″E 8161:10°18′7″N 7988:2051-1930 7878:18 August 7299:6 October 6549:16 August 6431:30 August 6141:. 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