305:. In this model, employees signal their respective skills to employers by acquiring a certain degree of education, which is costly to them. Employers will pay higher wages to more educated employees, because they know that the proportion of employees with high abilities is higher among the educated ones, as it is less costly for them to acquire education than it is for employees with low abilities. For the model to work, it is not even necessary for education to have any intrinsic value if it can convey information about the sender (employee) to the recipient (employer) and if the signal is costly.
1216:
38:
343:, and received a B.A./M.A. in mathematics in 1968. Spence then began graduate studies in economics at Harvard University with the support of a Danforth Graduate Fellowship in the fall of 1968. He received a Ph.D. in economics in 1972, completing a dissertation titled "Market signalling" under the supervision of
720:
392:
and the Philip H. Knight
Professor Emeritus of Management in the Graduate School of Business. Spence is also a Commissioner for the Global Commission on Internet Governance. Additionally, Spence is also a member of the
804:
1705:
1064:"The $ 100 Billion Friendship In a frank chat with FORTUNE's Brent Schlender, Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer talk about their partnership and how it will shape Microsoft in the 21st century"
1698:
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331:
as an undergraduate student and graduated summa cum laude with a B.A. in philosophy in 1966, completing a senior thesis titled "Freedom and
Determinism". Spence then studied at
805:
https://hollis.harvard.edu/primo-explore/fulldisplay?context=L&vid=HVD2&search_scope=everything&tab=everything&lang=en_US&docid=01HVD_ALMA211904693260003941
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interview, however, Gates and
Ballmer admitted not attending class and passing only after cramming for four days before the final.
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441:. He was the recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 2001, as well as the
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442:
407:
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He is the author of three books and 50 articles, and has also been a consistent contributor to
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351:. Spence was awarded the David A. Wells Prize for outstanding doctoral dissertation in 1972.
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270:, and the Philip H. Knight Professor of Management, Emeritus, and Dean, Emeritus, at the
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He stepped down as Dean of the
Stanford Graduate School of Business in 1999 and joined
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477:
348:
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1881:
649:"NYU Stern - A. Spence - William R. Berkley Professor in Economics & Business"
500:
Market
Signaling: Informational Transfer in Hiring and Related Screening Processes
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2009:
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624:"The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2001"
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406:, an international newspaper syndicate, since 2008. Among his beliefs are that
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259:(born November 7, 1943) is a Canadian-American economist and Nobel laureate.
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Spence is the
William R. Berkley Professor in Economics and Business at the
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1969:
1953:
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1140:"Fellows of the Econometric Society 1950 to 2019 | The Econometric Society"
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895:"NYU Stern | News | A. Michael Spence, Nobel Economist, to Join NYU Stern"
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1961:
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The Next
Convergence: The Future of Economic Growth in a Multispeed World
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1046:"Should High-Frequency Trading Be Banned? One Nobel Winner Thinks So"
1090:"People at Magdalen - Magdalen College Oxford (Search by last name)"
481:
2529:
37:
1221:
Signaling in
Retrospect and the Informational Structure of Markets
591:
Signaling in
Retrospect and the Informational Structure of Markets
1026:"Charles Taylor Wins $ 1M First Inaugural Berggruen Nobel Prize"
1292:
1030:
289:, "for their analyses of markets with asymmetric information."
232:
947:"Nobel laureate A. Michael Spence named Hoover Senior Fellow"
555:
551:
308:
Spence received his middle and high school education at the
921:"Nobel Economist Michael Spence Joins SDA Bocconi Faculty"
421:
in a graduate-level economics class at
Harvard. In a 1999
324:
to serve as a member of the Rotman Dean’s Advisory Board.
2719:
Stanford University Graduate School of Business faculty
778:"Professor A. Michael Spence | Magdalen College Oxford"
647:
Economics, -William R. Berkley Professor in; Business.
1382:
2754:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
2699:
New York University Stern School of Business faculty
301:model, which inspired research into this branch of
523:
497:
1320:Laureate of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics
846:"A. Michael Spence Biographical, The Nobel Prize"
530:. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. May 2011.
445:from the American Economics Association in 1981.
2650:
585:
583:
466:Spence, Michael (1973). "Job Market Signaling".
377:on September 1, 2010. He joined the faculty of
2394:
2380:
1699:
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1219:including the Prize Lecture December 8, 2001
646:
580:
362:, and a distinguished visiting fellow at the
1719:Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences
19:For other people named Michael Spence, see
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2373:
1706:
1692:
1375:
1361:
1214:
287:Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
1168:American Academy of Arts & Sciences
1043:
285:, Spence is a co-recipient of the 2001
2651:
2452:(Trinidad & Tobago/United Kingdom)
740:
465:
448:Spence was elected as a Fellow of the
2368:
1687:
1356:
1037:
454:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
697:Stanford Graduate School of Business
428:
360:Commission on Growth and Development
272:Stanford Graduate School of Business
2759:Institute for New Economic Thinking
2684:Fellows of Magdalen College, Oxford
1044:Philips, Matthew (March 28, 2011).
297:Spence is noted for his job-market
13:
2749:Fellows of the Econometric Society
2679:Alumni of Magdalen College, Oxford
1278:Archive of Michael Spence articles
14:
2805:
2724:People from Montclair, New Jersey
1184:
977:. 20 January 2014. Archived from
459:
197:Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics
2794:21st-century American economists
2784:21st-century American scientists
2779:20th-century American scientists
2774:21st-century Canadian economists
2769:20th-century Canadian scientists
1233:Library of Economics and Liberty
545:
433:Spence is an Honorary Fellow of
379:SDA Bocconi School of Management
112:SDA Bocconi School of Management
36:
1795:Leonid Vitaliyevich Kantorovich
1156:
1132:
1115:"A. Michael Spence - Biography"
1107:
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963:
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741:Spence, Andrew Michael (1966).
723:from the original on 2021-03-07
21:Michael Spence (disambiguation)
794:
770:
734:
709:
685:
640:
616:
598:
469:Quarterly Journal of Economics
1:
717:"Rotman School of Management"
595:Retrieved September 12, 2016.
573:
369:Spence joined the faculty of
310:University of Toronto Schools
2709:Nobel laureates in Economics
2674:University of Toronto alumni
1272:Research Papers in Economics
875:Council on Foreign Relations
558:with his wife and children.
452:in 1976 and a member of the
364:Council on Foreign Relations
358:. He is the Chairman of the
7:
2704:Princeton University alumni
606:"A. Michael Spence – Facts"
561:
318:Rotman School of Management
16:Canadian-American economist
10:
2810:
2789:Economists from New Jersey
2764:Scientists from New Jersey
2694:Harvard University faculty
1787:Friedrich August von Hayek
1144:www.econometricsociety.org
550:Spence currently lives in
18:
2739:Hoover Institution people
2689:Harvard University alumni
2576:
2545:
2514:
2483:
2459:
2435:
2404:
2185:Christopher A. Pissarides
2059:
1808:
1725:
1391:
1337:
1317:
1305:
1300:
743:"Freedom and Determinism"
397:'s 21st Century Council.
384:He is a senior fellow at
356:Oak Hill Capital Partners
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2744:American Rhodes Scholars
2734:Canadian Nobel laureates
2714:Canadian Rhodes Scholars
2414:William Standish Knowles
506:Harvard University Press
437:, where he studied as a
435:Magdalen College, Oxford
375:Stern School of Business
316:. He later came back to
264:Stern School of Business
1228:Michael Spence (1943– )
1164:"Andrew Michael Spence"
381:in Italy in July 2011.
209:IDEAS / RePEc
2669:Information economists
2582:Nobel Prize recipients
2516:Physiology or Medicine
1384:John Bates Clark Medal
758:Cite journal requires
443:John Bates Clark Medal
408:high-frequency trading
192:John Bates Clark Medal
1906:James M. Buchanan Jr.
1444:Hendrik S. Houthakker
1001:"Berggruen Institute"
322:University of Toronto
314:University of Toronto
257:Andrew Michael Spence
2426:Karl Barry Sharpless
2169:Oliver E. Williamson
1799:Tjalling C. Koopmans
337:University of Oxford
329:Princeton University
142:Princeton University
134:University of Oxford
2729:Canadian economists
2197:Christopher A. Sims
2125:Thomas C. Schelling
2097:Robert F. Engle III
1998:Robert E. Lucas Jr.
1846:Theodore W. Schultz
1534:Lawrence H. Summers
1516:Sanford J. Grossman
1486:Martin S. Feldstein
1402:Kenneth E. Boulding
1206:Stanford University
1068:archive.fortune.com
975:www.ourinternet.org
901:. February 22, 2010
871:"A. Michael Spence"
693:"A. Michael Spence"
450:Econometric Society
395:Berggruen Institute
386:Stanford University
371:New York University
349:Thomas C. Schelling
268:New York University
227:Academic background
116:New York University
108:Stanford University
2524:Leland H. Hartwell
2493:Eric Allin Cornell
2113:Edward C. Prescott
2101:Clive W.J. Granger
2077:Joseph E. Stiglitz
2050:Daniel L. McFadden
1938:Harry M. Markowitz
1492:Joseph E. Stiglitz
1474:Franklin M. Fisher
1333:Joseph E. Stiglitz
1326:Served alongside:
1313:Daniel L. McFadden
1213:on Nobelprize.org
1202:Hoover Institution
1196:2009-05-04 at the
1070:. October 25, 1999
1034:, January 3, 2017.
951:Hoover Institution
802:hollis.harvard.edu
677:has generic name (
568:List of economists
410:should be banned.
390:Hoover Institution
283:Joseph E. Stiglitz
172:Richard Zeckhauser
126:Harvard University
104:Harvard University
2646:
2645:
2547:Economic Sciences
2499:Wolfgang Ketterle
2362:
2361:
2261:Richard H. Thaler
2225:Robert J. Shiller
2221:Lars Peter Hansen
2193:Thomas J. Sargent
2181:Dale T. Mortensen
2073:A. Michael Spence
2069:George A. Akerlof
2038:Robert A. Mundell
2006:James A. Mirrlees
1974:Douglass C. North
1946:William F. Sharpe
1898:Franco Modigliani
1874:George J. Stigler
1858:Lawrence R. Klein
1747:Paul A. Samuelson
1681:
1680:
1498:A. Michael Spence
1468:Dale W. Jorgenson
1462:Marc Leon Nerlove
1432:Lawrence R. Klein
1396:Paul A. Samuelson
1351:
1350:
1338:Succeeded by
1329:George A. Akerlof
1283:Project Syndicate
1200:Senior Fellow at
1094:www.magd.ox.ac.uk
1050:Freakanomics blog
899:www.stern.nyu.edu
826:Missing or empty
782:www.magd.ox.ac.uk
653:www.stern.nyu.edu
504:. Cambridge, MA:
429:Honors and awards
403:Project Syndicate
279:George A. Akerlof
254:
253:
239:Market Signalling
147:
139:
131:
2801:
2584:
2538:(United Kingdom)
2532:(United Kingdom)
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2345:Philip H. Dybvig
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2307:Robert B. Wilson
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2284:Abhijit Banerjee
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2269:William Nordhaus
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2255:
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2227:
2211:
2209:Lloyd S. Shapley
2199:
2187:
2177:Peter A. Diamond
2171:
2159:
2151:
2149:Roger B. Myerson
2135:
2133:Edmund S. Phelps
2127:
2121:Robert J. Aumann
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2103:
2091:
2079:
2052:
2046:James J. Heckman
2040:
2032:
2024:
2022:Myron S. Scholes
2018:Robert C. Merton
2012:
2000:
1992:
1986:John F. Nash Jr.
1982:John C. Harsanyi
1976:
1964:
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1942:Merton H. Miller
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1612:Matthew Gentzkow
1510:Jerry A. Hausman
1504:James J. Heckman
1426:Kenneth J. Arrow
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1354:
1353:
1309:James J. Heckman
1306:Preceded by
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1235:(2nd ed.).
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1024:Forbes, Miguel.
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1016:
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1003:. Archived from
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413:Spence had both
333:Magdalen College
327:Spence attended
182:Signaling theory
162:Thomas Schelling
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137:
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58:November 7, 1943
57:
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40:
26:
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2569:(United States)
2567:Joseph Stiglitz
2563:(United States)
2557:(United States)
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2526:(United States)
2510:
2507:(United States)
2495:(United States)
2479:
2455:
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2428:(United States)
2416:(United States)
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2341:Douglas Diamond
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2253:Bengt Holmström
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2154:
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2109:Finn E. Kydland
2106:
2094:
2089:Vernon L. Smith
2085:Daniel Kahneman
2082:
2066:
2055:
2043:
2035:
2027:
2015:
2010:William Vickrey
2003:
1995:
1990:Reinhard Selten
1979:
1970:Robert W. Fogel
1967:
1959:
1954:Ronald H. Coase
1951:
1935:
1930:Trygve Haavelmo
1927:
1919:
1914:Robert M. Solow
1911:
1903:
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1843:
1835:
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1818:Milton Friedman
1815:
1804:
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1772:
1760:
1752:
1744:
1732:
1721:
1712:
1682:
1677:
1600:Amy Finkelstein
1552:Andrei Shleifer
1546:Kevin M. Murphy
1528:Paul R. Krugman
1480:Daniel McFadden
1438:Robert M. Solow
1408:Milton Friedman
1387:
1381:
1347:
1345:Vernon L. Smith
1343:
1341:Daniel Kahneman
1325:
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1198:Wayback Machine
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984:
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981:on 26 July 2017
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928:
927:. July 25, 2011
925:BusinessBecause
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482:10.2307/1882010
462:
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303:contract theory
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122:Alma mater
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94:labor economics
81:Academic career
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2157:Paul Krugman
2072:
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2397:Nobel Prize
2249:Oliver Hart
2233:Jean Tirole
2030:Amartya Sen
1866:James Tobin
1420:James Tobin
1289:Appearances
1253:|work=
205:Information
100:Institution
2653:Categories
2536:Paul Nurse
2474:Kofi Annan
2437:Literature
2318:David Card
2273:Paul Romer
1606:Raj Chetty
1540:David Card
1386:recipients
1173:2020-05-12
1149:2020-05-12
1011:2017-01-07
956:2020-05-12
880:2020-05-12
810:2020-05-12
787:2020-05-12
727:2021-03-07
702:2020-05-12
658:2020-05-12
633:2018-11-07
574:References
415:Bill Gates
168:Influences
69:New Jersey
54:1943-11-07
2501:(Germany)
2406:Chemistry
2399:laureates
1809:1976–2000
1726:1969–1975
1715:Laureates
1255:ignored (
1245:cite book
456:in 1983.
299:signaling
65:Montclair
2530:Tim Hunt
1414:No Award
1194:Archived
1124:April 7,
1099:June 14,
1074:June 14,
985:June 14,
931:June 18,
905:June 14,
819:cite web
721:Archived
667:cite web
562:See also
508:. 1974.
152:Doctoral
2485:Physics
2476:(Ghana)
2422:(Japan)
1717:of the
1301:Awards
1264:Profile
1239:. 2008.
490:1882010
423:Fortune
320:at the
312:of the
154:advisor
130:(Ph.D.)
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1293:C-SPAN
1274:/RePEc
1268:Papers
1031:Forbes
855:Jan 7,
534:
512:
488:
293:Career
233:Thesis
199:(2001)
194:(1981)
188:Awards
146:(B.A.)
138:(B.A.)
2613:2001
2461:Peace
2395:2001
556:Italy
552:Milan
486:JSTOR
339:as a
86:Field
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2593:1997
2588:1996
2441:2001
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2314:2021
2299:2020
2280:2019
1266:and
1257:help
1126:2019
1101:2016
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907:2016
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510:ISBN
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23:.
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