40:
874:
858:
66:
886:
330:, for administrative and logistical support, and made its commanding officer the deputy Army component commander under MACV. All U.S. Army units in South Vietnam, excluding advisory attachments, were assigned to the Army Support Group for administrative and logistical needs. Over the course of 1962 U.S. military strength in South Vietnam rose from about 1,000 to over 11,000 personnel. Each service continued to provide its own logistical support.
471:. It supported the combat signal battalions of the divisions and field forces in each corps area. The 1st Signal Brigade operated the many elements of the Defense Communications System in South Vietnam. To improve co-ordination and management of communications-electronics assets, the brigade commander served as the U.S. Army, Vietnam, staff adviser on all matters pertaining to Army communications-electronics.
1438:
1400:
1365:
1325:
1278:
1204:
1164:
1092:
464:) was activated to control the blocking force, replacing the provisional task force HQ. With the elapse of five months, all the three same brigades remained in the new division, but the brigade at Chu Lai was now named the 3rd Brigade, 4th Infantry Division, after a responsibility swap that had occurred in August.
479:
In contrast to the carrier, amphibious, and naval gunfire support forces and, at least during early 1965, the coastal patrol force, which
Commander Seventh Fleet directed, the Navy's forces within South Vietnam were operationally controlled by COMUSMACV. Initially, Westmoreland exercised this command
333:
Throughout 1963 the duties of the U.S. Army
Support Group steadily increased, particularly regarding to combat support activities and logistics. During the year, the U.S. buildup continued, especially in aviation, communications, intelligence, special warfare and logistic units, reaching a total of
847:
The air-conditioned structure of two-story prefabricated buildings, a little more than a third the size of its
Washington namesake, included twelve acres of enclosed office space. In addition to the headquarters offices, the complex included a barracks, a mess hall, a refrigerated storage building
985:
By 29 March, the only
American military personnel left in South Vietnam were the U.S. delegates to the Four-Party Joint Military Commission established under the Paris Peace Accords to oversee the ceasefire, themselves in the process of winding up work and departing; the fifty man DAO military
956:
to Nakhon Phanom on 29 January 1973. Transfer of the main body, drawn largely from the operations and intelligence sections of MACV and
Seventh Air Force, began on 10 February. USSAG was activated on 11 February 1973 under the command of commander of MACV. At 08:00 on 15 February, USAF General
314:
Harkins became the senior U.S. military commander in South
Vietnam and responsible for U.S. military policy, operations and assistance there. Harkins had the task of advising the South Vietnamese government on security, organization, and employment of their military and paramilitary forces. As
772:
As the U.S. military presence in South
Vietnam grew, MACV quickly outgrew the Pasteur Street quarters and expanded into a proliferating number of buildings throughout downtown Saigon. This added to the command’s existing security vulnerabilities and communications difficulties. In March 1965,
964:
The DAO was established as a subsidiary command of MACV and remained under the command of commander of MACV until the deactivation of MACV on 27 March 1973. Command then passed to the
Commander USSAG/Seventh Air Force at Nakhon Phanom. The DAO was activated on 28 January 1973 with
315:
provided for in the organization of the task force headquarters in the contingency plans, MACV's commander was also his own Army component commander. With an initial authorized strength of 216 men (113 Army), MACV was envisaged as a temporary HQ that would be withdrawn once the
848:
and its own power plant and telephone exchange. Inside, according to one staff officer, "the well-waxed corridors had the fluorescent feel of an airport terminal." A cyclone fence, topped with barbed wire and with watch towers at intervals, provided close-in protection.
435:
In April 1967, General
Westmoreland, who had arrived in June 1964 as Commander of MACV, organized a division-sized blocking force along the border between North and South Vietnam. The deployment of a division-sized U.S. Army force would allow the
511:(NSA Danang), provided logistic support to all American forces in I Corps, where the predominant Marine presence demanded a naval supply establishment. NSA Danang was under the operational control of Commander III Marine Amphibious Force.
350:, became MACV's Air Force component commander. That year the U.S. strength in Vietnam grew from about 16,000 men (10,716 Army) to about 23,300 (16,000 Army) in 1964. Logistic support operations were highly fragmented. As a result, the
905:
MACV and all
American and third country forces had to be withdrawn from South Vietnam within 60 days of the ceasefire. A small U.S. military headquarters was needed to continue the military assistance program for the southern
257:(MAAG) Vietnam, controlling every advisory and assistance effort in Vietnam. It was reorganized on 15 May 1964 and absorbed MAAG Vietnam to its command when combat unit deployment became too large for advisory group control.
839:
On 2 July 1966 construction started on a new purpose-built facility. The building was designed and constructed under the supervision of the U.S. Navy Officer in Charge of Construction RVN. The construction contractor was
311:, who, as the commander-designate for the task force headquarters (HQ) in the event of operations in Southeast Asia, had participated in the planning for such operations, was appointed commander and promoted to general.
392:
The brigade from the 101st Airborne Division was originally planned to replace the 173d Airborne Brigade but, with the need for additional combat forces, both brigades remained in South Vietnam. Two months later, the
345:
MACV was reorganized on 15 May 1964, and absorbed MAAG Vietnam within it, when combat unit deployment became too large for advisory group control. A Naval Advisory Group was established and the Commanding General,
1499:
480:
through the Chief, Naval Advisory Group. However, the increasing demands of the war required a distinct operational rather than an advisory headquarters for naval units. As a result, on 1 April 1966,
575:
787:
724:
1519:
961:, as USSAG/7AF commander, took over from MACV control of American air operations. U.S. air support operations into Cambodia continued under USSAG/7th AF until August 1973.
484:, was established to control the Navy's units in the II, III and IV Corps Tactical Zones. This eventually included the major combat formations: Coastal Surveillance Force (
1509:
1514:
323:
would be restored to its former position as the principal U.S. headquarters in South Vietnam. For this reason, the MAAG was retained as a separate headquarters.
569:
1145:
253:
MACV was created on 8 February 1962, in response to the increase in United States military assistance to South Vietnam. MACV was implemented to assist the
326:
In March 1962 Headquarters, U.S. Army, Pacific, removed the "provisional" designation from the U.S. Army Support Group, Vietnam, attached it to U.S. Army
1504:
990:. At 11:00 on the 29th, in a simple ceremony, General Weyand furled the colors of the Military Assistance Command, Vietnam, and formally inactivated it.
773:
Westmoreland began a search for a new location large enough to accommodate the entire headquarters. He initially tried to obtain a site between the ARVN
264:
was the first commanding general of MACV (COMUSMACV), and was previously the commander of MAAG Vietnam. After reorganization he was succeeded by General
17:
303:, established the U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam, on 8 February 1962, as a subordinate unified command under his control. Lieutenant General
915:
280:
493:
489:
485:
358:
844:, at a cost of $ 25 million. MACV occupied its new headquarters early in August 1967. The new complex soon earned the nickname "Pentagon East."
651:
342:, commander of United States Army, Pacific and Admiral Felt approved the redesignation. The new designation went into effect on 1 March 1964.
781:, desirable from the standpoint of removing Americans from central Saigon and placing MACV conveniently close to its Vietnamese counterpart.
885:
338:
late in 1963 proposed that the name of the support group be changed to U.S. Army Support Command, Vietnam. Harkins concurred and General
873:
397:, recently reorganized from an infantry formation, reported in country, and the rest of the 1st Infantry Division arrived in October.
655:
1479:
417:
942:
857:
461:
421:
1458:
1429:
1048:
425:
382:
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and Westmoreland reopened the effort to acquire the Tan Son Nhut soccer field. Under their combined pressure, Kỳ gave way.
907:
235:
1474:
1356:
1269:
1155:
468:
467:
In April 1966, all Army communications-electronics resources in South Vietnam were combined in a single formation, the
320:
254:
918:. That headquarters also reported operational and military intelligence through military channels to DOD authorities.
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wanted to keep the property for a postwar tourist hotel. In late April 1966, with the Saigon regime locked in a tense
1316:
1232:
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979:
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394:
658:, Laos, and Cambodia also had "top person in charge" status with regard to various aspects of the war's strategy.
552:
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Following the closure of MACV and the establishment of the DAO, the MACV Headquarters became the DAO Compound.
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546:
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969:
508:
504:
429:
79:
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Ralph J. Maglione, formerly the MACV J-1 (Director for Manpower and Personnel), as deputy Defense Attaché.
231:
523:
378:
366:
300:
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from Okinawa arrived. In July 1965, in response to the growing size of U.S. Army forces in the country,
1422:
U.S. Marines in Vietnam: The Bitter End, 1973–1975 (Marine Corps Vietnam Operational Historical Series)
999:
921:
A multi-service organization was required to plan for the application of U.S. air and naval power into
541:
335:
646:"com-U.S.-mack-vee"). COMUSMACV was in one sense the top person in charge of the U.S. military on the
1115:
113:
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590:
The "Commander, U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam" was known by the abbreviation COMUSMACV (
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718:
564:
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334:
17,068 men, of which 10,916 were Army. Because of this expansion, the commanding general, General
976:
934:
413:
409:
386:
247:
203:
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1348:
the United States Army in Vietnam MACV: The Joint Command in the Years of Withdrawal, 1968-1973
1085:
529:
453:
405:
401:
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1147:
By Sea, Air, and Land: An Illustrated History of the U. S. Navy and the War in Southeast Asia
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833:
825:
497:
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374:
351:
339:
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The Vietnamese government refused to turn over the most suitable location, a soccer field (
778:
679:
481:
265:
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39:
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283:. The DAO performed many of the same roles of MACV within the restrictions imposed by the
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Two corps-level HQs were established in 1965-66, Task Force Alpha (soon to become
668:
304:
261:
199:
1020:
United States. Dept. of the Army Pamphlet 672-3. Update. Washington: GPO, 1986.
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and supervise the technical assistance still required to complete the goals of
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327:
288:
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The original MACV Headquarters were colocated with MAAG at 606 Trần Hưng Đạo,
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803:
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507:(NSA Saigon), which supplied naval forces in the II, III and IV Corps areas.
121:
94:
373:, was designated MACV's naval component commander. In May 1965, the Army's
27:
Joint-service command of the US Dept. of Defense in South Vietnam (1962-73)
460:; and the 1st Brigade, 10lst Airborne Division. On 25 September 1967 the
126:
1224:
Joint air operations: pursuit of unity in command and control, 1942-1991
1117:
Maneuver and Firepower: The Evolution of Divisions and Separate Brigades
369:
moved to Da Nang on 6 May 1965, its commanding general, Major General
1500:
Military units and formations of the United States in the Vietnam War
647:
496:). The latter unit formed the naval component of the joint Army-Navy
316:
946:
926:
975:, formerly MACV director of logistics, as the Defense Attaché and
1441:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1403:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1368:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1328:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1281:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1207:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1167:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1095:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
841:
765:. The Trần Hưng Đạo site subsequently became the headquarters of
503:
Commander Naval Forces, Vietnam (COMNAVFORV) also controlled the
362:
762:
432:
was alerted for assignment to Southeast Asia on 11 March 1966.
638:
1258:
MACV: the Joint Command in the Years of Escalation, 1962-1967
279:
MACV was disestablished on 29 March 1973 and replaced by the
1187:"Naval Forces Vietnam Monthly Historical Summary April 1966"
824:) near the civilian air terminal, allegedly because Premier
611:
930:
614:
602:
420:
was also established in-country by 1965. A brigade of the
1150:. Naval History and Heritage Command. p. Chapter 3.
891:
MACV Headquarters ("Pentagon East") at Tan Son Nhut, 1969
626:
319:
insurgency was brought under control. In that event, the
250:, as well as their respective special operations forces.
629:
620:
617:
599:
596:
1520:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1973
1192:. Commander, U.S. Naval Forces, Vietnam. 27 May 1966
635:
632:
623:
605:
1510:United States military presence in other countries
933:, should this be required and ordered. Called the
879:Entrance to second MACV HQ, 137 Pasteur St, Saigon
440:to move north, to provide greater support for the
1515:Military units and formations established in 1962
1351:. Center of Military History United States Army.
1311:. United States Army Center of Military History.
1264:. United States Army Center of Military History.
1123:. United States Army Center of Military History.
712:
1491:
1220:
428:deploying between August and November 1966. The
1078:Vietnam Studies: Command and Control, 1950-1969
721:. In May 1962 it moved to 137 Pasteur Street (
570:Civil Operations and Rural Development Support
357:Large scale combat deployments began when the
456:; the 3rd Brigade, 25th Infantry Division at
952:The advance echelon of USSAG/7AF moved from
1250:
1248:
1246:
1244:
830:confrontation with Buddhist and ARVN rebels
608:
381:was established, and both the 2nd Brigade,
294:
1505:Commands of the United States Armed Forces
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38:
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767:Republic of Korea armed forces in Vietnam
224:U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam
44:U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam
33:U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam
1241:
1221:Winnefeld, James; Johnson, Dana (1993).
1214:
1109:
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1305:Vietnam from Cease Fire to Capitulation
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943:Nakhon Phanom Royal Thai Air Force Base
519:Major component commands of MACV were:
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935:United States Support Activities Group
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863:Original MACV HQ, 606 Trần Hưng Đạo,
170:Counteroffensive, Phase VII 1970–1971
143:Counteroffensive, Phase III 1967–1968
1288:
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1011:
389:, deployed from the United States.
281:Defense Attaché Office (DAO), Saigon
155:Counteroffensive, Phase VI 1968–1969
140:Counteroffensive, Phase II 1966–1967
908:Republic of Vietnam Military Forces
236:United States Department of Defense
24:
18:Military Assistance Command Vietnam
1413:
941:(USSAG/7th AF), it was located at
321:Military Assistance Advisory Group
268:in June 1964, followed by General
255:Military Assistance Advisory Group
25:
1531:
1468:
662:Officers who served as COMUSMACV
462:23rd Infantry (Americal) Division
307:, the Deputy Commander in Chief,
1436:
1398:
1363:
1323:
1276:
1202:
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884:
872:
856:
592:
395:1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile)
359:9th Marine Expeditionary Brigade
64:
914:. This headquarters became the
896:
444:in the northern portion of the
424:arrived in late 1965, with the
365:area from March 1965. When the
167:Sanctuary Counteroffensive 1970
149:Counteroffensive, Phase IV 1968
1386:"CINCPAC Command History 1973"
1137:
916:Defense Attaché Office, Saigon
713:MACV Headquarters/DAO Compound
576:Studies and Observations Group
492:) and Riverine Assault Force (
412:, for U.S. Army forces in the
238:, composed of forces from the
152:Counteroffensive, Phase V 1968
13:
1:
1005:
585:
509:Naval Support Activity Danang
505:Naval Support Activity Saigon
430:11th Armored Cavalry Regiment
80:United States Pacific Command
1453:. Harcourt, Inc., New York.
1424:. Marine Corps Association.
1075:Eckhardt, George S. (1974).
654:and the U.S. ambassadors to
581:Field Advisory Element, MACV
385:as well as the 1st Brigade,
158:TET 69/Counteroffensive 1969
7:
993:
650:; however, in reality, the
547:III Marine Amphibious Force
524:United States Army, Vietnam
379:United States Army, Vietnam
367:III Marine Amphibious Force
301:Commander-in-Chief, Pacific
10:
1536:
1485:Saigon Facilities Map 1969
1000:Free World Military Forces
986:contingent; and a 143-man
804:10.8126722°N 106.6659694°E
741:10.7828472°N 106.6933167°E
336:Joseph Warren Stilwell Jr.
176:Consolidation II 1971–1972
137:Counteroffensive 1965–1966
1420:Dunham, George R (1990).
1227:. Naval Institute Press.
404:) for U.S. forces in the
193:
188:
146:TET Counteroffensive 1968
120:
114:Gallantry Cross (Vietnam)
109:
101:
85:
75:
59:
51:
37:
32:
1475:Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
1302:Le Gro, William (1985).
1144:Marolda, Edward (1994).
1039:Stanton, Shelby (1987).
565:5th Special Forces Group
418:5th Special Forces Group
295:Establishment and growth
272:(July 1968) and General
71:United States of America
46:shoulder sleeve insignia
1345:Cosmas, Graham (2006).
1255:Cosmas, Graham (2006).
1041:Vietnam Order of Battle
977:United States Air Force
901:Under the terms of the
832:in I Corps, Ambassador
809:10.8126722; 106.6659694
746:10.7828472; 106.6933167
680:William C. Westmoreland
536:II Field Force, Vietnam
515:MACV component commands
488:), River Patrol Force (
414:III Corps Tactical Zone
410:II Field Force, Vietnam
387:101st Airborne Division
299:Admiral Harry D. Felt,
266:William C. Westmoreland
248:United States Air Force
204:William C. Westmoreland
1449:Sorley, Lewis (1999).
1086:Department of the Army
815:post-1967 MACV, Saigon
530:I Field Force, Vietnam
454:196th Infantry Brigade
422:25th Infantry Division
406:II Corps Tactical Zone
402:I Field Force, Vietnam
230:) was a joint-service
1114:Wilson, John (1997).
988:Marine Security Guard
954:Tan Son Nhut Air Base
834:Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
752:pre-1967 MACV, Saigon
648:Indochinese peninsula
553:Naval Forces, Vietnam
498:Mobile Riverine Force
482:Naval Forces, Vietnam
475:Naval Forces, Vietnam
446:I Corps Tactical Zone
426:4th Infantry Division
383:1st Infantry Division
375:173d Airborne Brigade
352:1st Logistics Command
340:James Francis Collins
179:Easter Offensive 1972
779:Tan Son Nhut Airport
361:was deployed in the
182:Cease-Fire 1972–1973
173:Consolidation I 1971
91:Tan Son Nhut Airport
1388:. 17 September 2012
903:Paris Peace Accords
799: /
775:Joint General Staff
736: /
702:Frederick C. Weyand
663:
442:3rd Marine Division
438:1st Marine Division
285:Paris Peace Accords
274:Frederick C. Weyand
270:Creighton W. Abrams
212:Frederick C. Weyand
208:Creighton W. Abrams
122:Battle honours
967:United States Army
925:or South Vietnam,
661:
469:1st Signal Brigade
452:, it included the
371:William R. Collins
309:U.S. Army, Pacific
244:United States Navy
240:United States Army
164:Winter–Spring 1970
131:Advisory 1962–1965
1460:978-0-15-601309-3
1431:978-0-16-026455-9
1088:. CMH Pub 90-8-1.
1050:978-0-671-08159-1
1043:. Galahad Books.
980:Brigadier General
710:
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559:Seventh Air Force
458:Chu Lai Base Area
450:Task Force Oregon
354:was established.
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448:. Designated as
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161:Summer–Fall 1969
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