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1261:. He immediately issued an order to all encircled troops to surrender, which was broadcast over loudspeakers by Soviet forces and dropped from Soviet aircraft in leaflet form. A large number of German unit commanders and soldiers chose to disregard the order, however, and continue escape attempts: Soviet forces were reporting actions against groups of encircled German soldiers several thousand strong until mid-July, and smaller groups until some time later.
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Corps shattered, and the IX Corps being pushed steadily west. In the south, Ninth Army had lost all cohesion, its remaining troops being pounded by artillery and air bombardment. Fourth Army's three corps were now ordered to hold fast, despite being bypassed by Soviet forces on their flanks: Hitler declared Minsk a
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carried out large-scale sabotage activities behind enemy lines, aimed at disrupting Army Group Center's logistical and communications capabilities. Some 10,500 explosives were detonated along the rail networks connecting the
Dnieper to Minsk, all bridges in the area were blown up, and telephone lines
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still east of the city attempting to withdraw, the 2nd Guards Tank Corps broke through the defences of Minsk in the early hours of 3 July; fighting erupted in the centre of the city at dawn. By the next day, Minsk had been cleared of German rearguard units, while the 65th Army and 5th Guards Tank
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on 27 June with the unenviable job of attempting to halt the Soviet advance and preventing the complete collapse of Army Group Centre. For the German forces, the military situation was dire: in the Army Group's northern sector, Third Panzer Army had crumbled, with the LIII Corps wiped out, the VI
480:
moved in from the east, and the 65th Army advanced from the south. About 100,000 Axis soldiers from the Fourth and Ninth Armies were encircled, of whom some 40,000 were killed and most of the rest captured. The result was a complete victory for the Red Army, the liberation of Minsk, and the rapid
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Over the next few days, Fourth Army made several attempts to break out of the encirclement, led by those divisions still retaining a coherent organisational structure. The largest group of encircled forces comprised the divisions of XII Corps, which remained relatively intact, along with those
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were fleeing from the front. 5th Panzer's main tank regiments, which unlike many German armoured units at the time were at full strength, were concentrated to the north, screening the rail lines being used for evacuation. The road itself was held by a rearguard of infantry, while
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The offensive developed through three main phases: the breakthrough of the initial German defences along the
Berezina; the advance of the Soviet motorised exploitation forces; and finally the encirclement of the German Fourth Army after the defensive positions were overrun.
1210:). The corps commanders, Müller and Völckers, decided on 5 July that their forces should break out to the north-west and west respectively, accompanied by the remnants of Martinek's former XXXIX Panzer Corps; they were now as much as 100 km behind Soviet lines.
1153:, attacked straight down the Minsk road, forcing the German infantry back into Borisov by 29 June: a screen of Soviet troops was left on the road to prevent any more elements of Fourth Army escaping into Minsk. 5th Panzer's engineers blew the bridges over the
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In total, around 100,000 troops from Fourth and Ninth Armies were caught in the encirclement, of whom some 40,000 were killed, most of the remainder being captured. Partisans played an important role in locating and mopping up the encircled forces.
1172:, south of Borisov, in an effort to escape the developing trap. A column of vehicles stretched back for many kilometres, under constant air attack, as the bridge was repeatedly damaged by bombing. The replacement corps commander, Lieutenant-General
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E.g. the 222nd Rifle
Division, who after destroying one group at the Svisloch crossings on 7 July, reported an action against a unit of 5,000 Germans who had counterattacked at a village south of Minsk on 11 July (see Glantz, p.
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The forces of the German Army Group Centre were almost completely shattered within a matter of days. In particular, nearly the entire Fourth Army, plus many of the elements of Ninth Army that had escaped from the
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The elements of Army Group Centre holding Minsk began to prepare for withdrawal on 1 July, authorisation finally being given on 2 July. Von
Saucken and the 5th Panzer Division were ordered to fall back towards
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By the time the operation had commenced, the entire Fourth Army had been bypassed on both its northern and southern flanks. Despite this, it was ordered to hold fast. Its central corps, the
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1231:(after an initially successful breakout) and most of the other divisional groupings. Some elements of the 14th Infantry Division under their commander, Lieutenant-General
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now attempted to screen Minsk from the north-west, where the 5th Guards Tank Army threatened to sever the railway lines. The fall of the city seemed imminent:
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Lieutenant-General Müller, who had been placed in command of all the encircled units of Fourth Army, was captured on 8 July after a failed breakout by the
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acted as the spearhead for the breakout at midnight on 5 July, but was scattered, with some elements passing north of Minsk to reach German positions. The
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was approaching from the southern route, the 5th Guards Tank Army was making progress from the north, and 2nd Guards Tank Corps had crossed the
Berezina.
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linked up and attempted to bypass Minsk to the south, but were also dispersed, while the same fate eventually befell the remainder of the
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made it clear that Soviet forces had the 'deep' objective of the city of Minsk. Authorisation was therefore given on 26 June to shift the
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1090:(responsible for a series of atrocities and war crimes in the course of their 'anti-partisan' activities). The crossing points on the
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There were few manpower reserves in the area from which a defence could be organised. Some further reinforcements were provided by
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The 3rd and 2nd
Belorussian Fronts were subsequently committed to the third 'pursuit' phase of the strategic offensive in the
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issued a new order, No. 220124. This ordered the Front to force the
Berezina from the march, and develop an offensive towards
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Army closed the encirclement to the west. The bulk of Fourth Army, and much of the remnant of Ninth Army, were now trapped.
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in the north-west; von
Gottberg, after stating the defences of Minsk were collapsing, withdrew his units towards
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was however criticized for its slowness in attaining its objectives and ordered to display greater decisiveness.
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elements of XXVII Corps that had successfully retreated from Orsha and which were now trapped near
Pekalin (in
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In the meantime, the four divisions of XXXIX Panzer Corps had begun to pull back and make for the crossings at
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on 30 June in an attempt to deny the Soviet forces entry into
Borisov. The overstretched main elements of
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extensively cut, paralyzing Army Group Center's communications for the first 48 hours of the offensive.
36:
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had finally realised that the developing Operation Bagration was the main Soviet offensive, and that
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approached from the east. The bulk of 5th Guards Tank Army, accompanied by the rifle divisions of
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initially suffering some losses to 5th Panzer's heavy tank battalion at Krupki), while the Soviet
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offensives respectively. The offensive helped pave the way for the eventual defeat of Germany.
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461:. Hitler ordered the Fourth Army to hold fast, declaring the city to be a fortified place (
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5th Panzer, which was reorganised on 28 June into a combat group under the command of
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was essentially complete by 28 June, when the cavalry-mechanised units halted at the
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German planning largely involved damage limitation. The immediate effects of the
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Battle for White Russia: The destruction of Army Group Centre June 1944
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Hitler's Greatest Defeat: The collapse of Army Group Centre, June 1944
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and instructed the remnants of Ninth Army to reinforce its defence.
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in honor of the 75th anniversary of the offensive, 3 July 2019.
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transferred to command of the 4th Army (General der Artillerie
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1305:, Minsk, was liberated after three years of German occupation.
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on the main road north-east of Minsk, along which elements of
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tractor and dead German soldiers on a street in Minsk, 6 July
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crossings, having lost two corps commanders in as many days.
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575:. The same day, with the initial objectives fulfilled,
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Military operations of World War II involving Germany
1526:
Bagration 1944: The Destruction of Army Group Centre
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Soviet Blitzkrieg: The Battle for White Russia, 1944
853:The above units were under the overall command of
593:and reaching the latter no later than 8 July. The
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1499:Belorussia 1944 – The Soviet General Staff Study
16:1944 battle on the Eastern Front of World War II
1481:. Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
1094:southwards were defended by several police and
589:, capturing the former in cooperation with the
1297:, the Minsk offensive was a complete success:
544:and more men to fight towards the end of WWII.
102:
472:) and defended even if encircled. The Soviet
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1293:Within the broader strategic framework of
1283:Honor Guard of the Armed Forces of Belarus
1235:, managed to link up with remnants of the
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1449:Learn how and when to remove this message
1334:
87:
1510:Niepold, G., translated by Simpkin, R.,
1412:This article includes a list of general
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1121:
1118:On the central square of liberated Minsk
1113:
734:Panzer-Grenadier-Division Feldherrnhalle
476:attacked from the north-east, while the
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1224:Panzergrenadier-Division Feldherrnhalle
488:
313:
1547:
1082:, the rear-area security units of the
438:) was part of the second phase of the
1141:from the north-east (the subordinate
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270:100,000 troops caught in encirclement
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1398:
1030:was its objective. As a result, the
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656:under command of Lieutenant-General
558:
540:itself. With the destruction of the
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830:group of police and security units)
13:
1555:Battles involving the Soviet Union
1418:it lacks sufficient corresponding
933:(Lieutenant General (of Aviation)
604:
481:destruction of much of the German
453:The Red Army encircled the German
446:in summer 1944, commonly known as
14:
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1505:German Defeat in the East, 1944–5
625:to assist in the city's defence.
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995:
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275:rest either wounded or captured)
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182:
164:
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89:
1188:. With substantial elements of
440:Belorussian strategic offensive
436:Минская наступательная операция
1350:Lexikon der Wehrmacht 4. Armee
1343:
1197:The destruction of Fourth Army
639:
1:
1466:, Weidenfeld Military, 1994,
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1259:18th Panzergrenadier Division
1215:25th Panzergrenadier Division
1009:On the eve of the offensive,
985:(Colonel General of Aviation
674:18th Panzergrenadier Division
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644:
532:played an important role in
7:
1514:, Brassey's, London, 1987,
935:Mikhail Mikhaylovich Gromov
864:
553:
10:
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1268:
843:unit based on remnants of
721:(General der Panzertruppe
546:
273:(40,000 killed or missing,
41:Map of the Minsk offensive
1071:, held the rail lines at
1054:, took up positions near
1018:The German defence effort
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118:
81:
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34:
26:
21:
1477:Dunn, Walter S. (2000).
1137:was now bearing down on
1036:Army Group North Ukraine
813:; group of security and
623:Army Group South Ukraine
1433:more precise citations.
1110:The liberation of Minsk
801:390th Security Division
729:110th Infantry Division
684:260th Infantry Division
679:267th Infantry Division
611:Vitebsk–Orsha Offensive
1369:See Adair, pp. 151–152
1290:
1219:57th Infantry Division
1131:
1119:
1034:was brought back from
845:14th Infantry Division
757:Encircled remnants of
742:Encircled remnants of
711:57th Infantry Division
706:25th Infantry Division
567:in the first phase of
468:
206:Konstantin Rokossovsky
119:Commanders and leaders
1575:Minsk in World War II
1287:civil-military parade
1276:
1147:2nd Guards Tank Corps
1143:3rd Guards Tank Corps
1125:
1117:
943:2nd Belorussian Front
871:3rd Belorussian Front
591:2nd Belorussian Front
565:3rd Belorussian Front
478:2nd Guards Tank Corps
350:Skrygalovo-Konkovichi
265:Casualties and losses
228:2nd Belorussian Front
211:1st Belorussian Front
194:3rd Belorussian Front
149:Kurt von Tippelskirch
53:29 June — 4 July 1944
1252:12th Panzer Division
1243:Infantry Divisions;
1135:5th Guards Tank Army
1096:security detachments
1065:Heavy Tank Battalion
1052:Dietrich von Saucken
987:Konstantin Vershinin
975:(Lieutenant-General
965:(Lieutenant-General
955:(Lieutenant-General
921:5th Guards Tank Army
913:(Lieutenant General
893:(Lieutenant General
795:12th Panzer Division
763:Nikolaus von Vormann
723:Dietrich von Saucken
666:(Lieutenant-General
652:Encircled forces of
595:5th Guards Tank Army
489:Role in the conflict
474:5th Guards Tank Army
160:Dietrich von Saucken
1560:Operation Bagration
1301:The capital of the
1295:Operation Bagration
1229:78th Sturm Division
1080:Gruppe von Gottberg
1067:505, equipped with
1032:5th Panzer Division
875:Ivan Chernyakhovsky
780:5th Panzer Division
701:78th Sturm Division
619:5th Panzer Division
569:Operation Bagration
549:Operation Bagration
534:Operation Bagration
448:Operation Bagration
317:Operation Bagration
240:Hovhannes Bagramyan
189:Ivan Chernyakhovsky
29:Operation Bagration
1507:, Stackpole, 2007.
1311:Bobruysk offensive
1291:
1159:Gruppe von Saucken
1132:
1120:
957:Vasily Kryuchenkin
719:XXXIX Panzer Corps
630:XXXIX Panzer Corps
615:Bobruysk Offensive
508:. You can help by
1565:Conflicts in 1944
1538:978-1-85532-478-7
1530:Osprey Publishing
1459:
1458:
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1204:Smalyavichy Raion
1088:Kaminski Brigades
1005:Partisan activity
945:(Colonel-General
903:(Colonel-General
855:Army Group Centre
817:units, included:
748:Third Panzer Army
559:Operational goals
528:The capturing of
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483:Army Group Centre
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137:Army Group Centre
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1279:exhibition drill
1151:11th Guards Army
1011:Soviet partisans
925:Pavel Rotmistrov
881:11th Guards Army
752:Helmuth Weidling
599:Pavel Rotmistrov
597:, under General
563:The role of the
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1128:Lanz Bulldog HR
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330:Vitebsk–Orsha
328:
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309:
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269:
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174:(elements of
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20:
1542:
1525:
1511:
1504:
1503:Mitcham, S.
1498:
1496:Glantz, D.M.
1478:
1463:
1445:
1439:October 2008
1436:
1417:
1383:
1374:
1365:
1356:
1345:
1336:
1316:
1292:
1263:
1256:
1244:
1222:
1212:
1208:Minsk Region
1200:
1178:
1167:
1158:
1133:
1099:
1079:
1077:
1049:
1045:Fester Platz
1044:
1022:By 26 June,
1021:
1008:
999:
983:4th Air Army
967:Ivan Grishin
931:1st Air Army
859:Walter Model
852:
840:
833:
827:
820:
811:von Gottberg
807:
786:
768:
717:remnants of
645:
627:
608:
576:
562:
527:
514:
510:adding to it
505:
469:fester Platz
452:
427:
425:
400:Lublin–Brest
364:
360:Doroshevichi
132:Walter Model
112:Soviet Union
82:Belligerents
1524:Zaloga, S.
1431:introducing
1246:Kampfgruppe
1190:Fourth Army
1084:Dirlewanger
1060:Fourth Army
977:Ivan Boldin
847:and others)
834:Kampfgruppe
821:Kampfgruppe
808:Kampfgruppe
787:Kampfgruppe
774:von Saucken
770:Kampfgruppe
691:XXVII Corps
654:Fourth Army
640:Deployments
455:Fourth Army
176:Fourth Army
1549:Categories
1462:Adair, P.
1414:references
1395:References
1182:Molodechno
759:Ninth Army
587:Molodechno
415:Studzianki
1329:Footnotes
1323:Belostock
1285:during a
1163:65th Army
973:50th Army
963:49th Army
953:33rd Army
923:(General
911:31st Army
901:39th Army
883:(General
873:(General
761:(General
693:(General
664:XII Corps
646:Wehrmacht
517:July 2019
464:‹See Tfd›
1532:, 1996,
1170:Berezino
1155:Berezina
1104:Berezino
1092:Berezina
1069:Tiger Is
891:5th Army
865:Red Army
744:VI Corps
634:Berezina
573:Berezina
554:Planning
542:4th Army
444:Red Army
395:Šiauliai
390:Belostok
355:Petrikov
345:Bobruysk
340:Zdudichi
252:Strength
58:Location
27:Part of
1427:improve
1319:Vilnius
1269:Outcome
1056:Borisov
536:and in
442:of the
432:Russian
410:Osovets
385:Vilnius
370:Polotsk
335:Mogilev
278:Unknown
260:Unknown
257:Unknown
97:Germany
1536:
1518:
1485:
1470:
1416:, but
1248:Flörke
1233:Flörke
1073:Krupki
841:ad hoc
837:Flörke
828:ad hoc
824:Anhalt
790:Lindig
578:Stavka
405:Kaunas
109:
94:
70:Result
1139:Minsk
1040:Minsk
1028:Minsk
621:from
583:Minsk
530:Minsk
459:Minsk
380:Pinsk
375:Borki
365:Minsk
1534:ISBN
1516:ISBN
1483:ISBN
1468:ISBN
1388:183)
1321:and
1241:12th
1239:and
1237:31st
1221:and
1213:The
1186:Lida
1086:and
613:and
585:and
538:WWII
426:The
50:Date
1277:An
1024:OKH
861:).
746:of
697:);
670:);
512:.
1551::
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1106:.
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815:SS
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307:e
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135:(
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