Mohammad Fahim - Knowledge

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insisted that their presence was merely symbolic and that the foreign troops were not supposed to use force. "Some ministers in the new government who have always lived outside the country are worried about security and they feel they need the peacekeepers for protection, but when they arrive here they will see that the situation is OK and that it is not necessary" Fahim added, possibly hinting at Chairman Karzai who lived for years in Pakistan. The heavily armed units of northern alliance soldiers who swept into Kabul will be withdrawn from the streets, Fahim added, but they will not leave the capital.

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five-star general. And he is a senator." Regarding his decision in appointing Marshal Fahim as one of his advisors, Karzai added that "I hope that officially as my adviser, he will continue to cooperate with me. He comes to all of the National Security Council meetings. He is my dear brother. No one can ever reduce the respect that Marshal Fahim has earned for himself." (Azadi Radio, 5 April 2006) Throughout his time as a public figure, he has had persistent accusations of corruption and human rights abuses. When he died, the American-led coalition simply expressed condolences to Fahim's family.

954:. Karzai dropped Fahim from his cabinet to rebalance the Ministry of Defence, and as a result of intense pressure from various foreign organizations who viewed Fahim as a major bottleneck in the disarmament process. He was dismissed in August 2004. Fahim also had no higher education, and article 72 of Afghanistan's constitution states that an appointed Minister to the President's cabinet should have a higher education. In a decree made in December 2004, Karzai, who called Fahim his "close friend and confidant" confirmed that Fahim would hold the rank of 916: 314: 2026: 606: 1103: 706:

men would be deployed in a garrison in the center of Kabul. Of the 30,000 men, only a third would be deployed for security reasons, the others would receive logistical and humanitarian tasks. Another important task for the British and Americans would be the training of the Afghan troops. Fahim expressed the wish to build an Afghan army of around 250,000 men. After the negotiations, The Telegraph described Fahim as someone who is popularly known as "the village and Pansher valley idiot," but who actually very shrewd.

2034: 543:, as general commander of the mujahideen resistance forces, Fahim became America's main proxy in the fight against the Taliban. He was anxious to start a military offensive and even pledged to launch an attack against the Taliban, without waiting for US military action, saying: "Today we have a chance to defeat the Taliban and the terrorists, and we will use it whatever the cost." On 7 October, the day the US started bombing Taliban targets, he proclaimed an offensive on the northern and western fronts. 633:

was generally seen as temporary. When in the first weeks of US bombardments Fahim's forces did not make any large breakthroughs, it was speculated that he was struggling with his role and he appeared wooden and awkward in front of his troops. But although Fahim was described as colorless, it was clear that as the leader of the main military forces that were fighting the Taliban, Fahim had to play a central role in any possible government that would succeed the Taliban.

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the first day of the traditional Afghan new year and celebrated across Central Asia and Iran. Mazar is at the heart of one of the most peaceful regions of the country. City police chief Abdul Rauf Taj said that 4,000 security personnel had been deployed against insurgent attacks and that all visitors were being screened at seven check points around the city perimeter.

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for militants, though he didn't mention the Taliban by name. Afghans had travelled from across the country to Mazar-i-Sharif united behind the wish that the advent of a new year would bring them peace. According to the police, up to half a million people are in the city to mark the spring equinox and

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On 29 December, Fahim urged the Americans to stop their bombing campaign on Afghanistan, because bin Laden had probably fled Afghanistan and moved to Peshawar in Pakistan. "Osama is out of our control," Fahim said. A day later, however, foreign minister Abdullah Abdullah stated that they did not know

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In the end, it was decided that an international security force of a few thousand troops would be deployed, but that they would agree to Fahim's demands to not take control of Kabul and not start immediately disarming Afghan militias. Of the approximately 3,000 men that would be deployed, 2,000–3,000

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warlord who had taken control of the city of Mazar-e-Sharif and who was very critical of the Bonn Agreement, was appointed his deputy. But the cooperation between the two strongmen didn't start easy, already after a month forces of Dostum were clashing with forces of Fahim over control of a district

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The Prime Minister of India, while emphasizing his role in fostering India-Afghanistan relations, called him "a brave and fearless military commander, whose contribution to Afghanistan's stabilisation and reconstruction after over three decades of war and conflict will always be remembered. Marshal

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ethnic groups, although he was accused of delaying reforms that would have required him to replace his Tajik generals with a more ethnically balanced officer corps. The reform was a precondition for carrying out a $ 200 million UN-sponsored plan to pay off and disarm 100,000 militiamen loyal to the

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There was not only a disagreement between Fahim and Karzai about the size of the peacekeeping force, but also about the duration they were supposed to stay in Afghanistan. Fahim indicated that the international forces should leave after six years, but Karzai said that they would stay "as long as we

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Fahim survived another attack later in 2002. This time, the man behind the attack was arrested by the intelligence agency. The alleged person carried with him "22 pounds of explosives in the pockets of his jacket, attached to wires and apparently ready to explode." (The New York Times, 24 November

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As the US started bombing Afghanistan in the fall of 2001, it became clear that the United Islamic Front of Fahim would play an important role in the transition government that would emerge after the Taliban was ousted. However, since Fahim lacked Massoud's magnetism, his role as opposition leader

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After the inauguration ceremony on 22 December 2001, where Fahim was installed as minister of Defence and vice-chair of the interim government, he requested that international forces leave the capital. He "would no longer accept foreign troops in Afghanistan operating without a UN mandate," Fahim

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said in January 2002 that Iran might be backing Afghan fighters in an attempt to unsettle the Karzai-government, Fahim, who visited the Iranian minister of Defense half January, stated that there was no sign of Iran "creating insecurity". At the end of January 2002, Fahim set in on a meeting of

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As Defense Minister, Fahim had the task to unite the country's disparate armed groups. A daunting task, since Fahim's own troops had so far shied away from vast stretches of southern and eastern lawless lands under the sway of armed former Taliban warriors, most of them members of the dominant

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When the first foreign troops of the peacekeeping mission arrived on 20 December 2001, Fahim said "They won't be needed for security." "They are here because they want to be," and because the United Nations Security Council sent them to Afghanistan to prevent another civil war, Fahim said, but

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Government, even when it was ousted and the Taliban took the power over most provinces of Afghanistan in the second half of the 1990s. During this time of Taliban rule in Afghanistan Fahim was active as military commander for the United Islamic Front in the north of Afghanistan, especially in

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Later in the year 2006, Karzai said, "Marshal Fahim is one of the sons of our , a patriot and his country. I have a great deal of respect for Marshal Fahim. He has been my close friend and confidant. He has his own unique place in Afghanistan. He has been a respectable military man. He is a

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In the summer of 2002, American officials are said to have picked up intelligence that Fahim was considering an attempt to assassinate Karzai, as a result of which, in July 2002, US Special Forces wrested presidential bodyguard duties away from soldiers loyal to Fahim. The move followed the

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In the first days after the fall of Kabul, a supreme military council, headed by Fahim, was set up to administer the captured parts of the country. The military council gave itself a three-month mandate in which they proclaimed not to hand over the power to United Islamic Front president

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had requested that opposition forces would not enter the city before a new, broad-based, multi-ethnic government was formed. But Fahim went into the city with a group of specially trained security personnel, although he made sure to leave the main body of his troops outside the city.

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Pashtun ethnic group. Still, although a sometimes bumbling and awkward figure in public, and especially unpopular with the Uzbek minority, Fahim quietly had gained control of the Northern Alliance's fractious military commanders. He continued to hold this control, even when

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to decide about the future leadership of the country. With crucial US military help, the opposition forces had captured virtually all of Afghanistan from the Taliban in the beginning of December 2001, and in Bonn the formation of an interim administration was discussed.

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In September 2010, an Afghan news agency reported that Fahim had died of cancer in Paris, France. An official statement was later released by Fahim, who said: "I am completely healthy. I request the Afghan people not to trust news published by irresponsible websites".

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In the interim administration, Karzai much needed the support of Fahim. Karzai was the official chairman of the executive committee of the government, but as commander of the most effective military force commanding the capital, Fahim had the real power.

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Since Fahim was afraid a large international peace keeping force would take away his power base, he argued for a limited number of foreign troops in Afghanistan. Karzai, however, was less afraid of international involvement, and might even fear a

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In June 2007, Fahim stated that his advisory role was merely symbolic and that he never had the chance to advise the President. He further said that after the 2004 elections President Karzai formed a "one-sided" cabinet and began to employ

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As Minister of Defence in his first months, Fahim traveled extensively to neighbouring countries to build relations between the new government and Afghanistan's most influential neighbours. When US-envoy to Afghanistan

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Although Fahim lost his formal role in the government, he remained a powerful and influential figure in Afghanistan. In 2006, Karzai, faced with a resurgent Taliban, returned Marshal Fahim to Government as an advisor.

659:. Initially there was some fear that the trivium of former Massoud-aides could overshadow Karzai, but at the same time, they were praised for giving away the chairmanship while they controlled Afghanistan militarily. 513:

forces, but Najibullah refused to be evacuated and was captured and executed by a Taliban mob. Fahim continued to serve as head of the Intelligence and Minister of National Security of the internationally recognised

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Karzai called Fahim's death "a huge loss for Afghanistan" and the government of Afghanistan called for a three-day national mourning period. The UN called him in a statement "a good and trusted partner of the UN."

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operatives posing as journalists. Two days later, Fahim was confirmed as the new defence minister of the United Islamic Front (Northern Alliance), succeeding Massoud. Fahim was a close ally and protégé of Massoud.

3557: 962:, defending Fahim's military title arguing "When he was given the title of Afghanistan's Marshal by the former president, he deserved it. Because the Mujahideen had won the war against the occupier forces." 969:

Some Afghan analysts attest that, despite losing his military position, Fahim remained a very powerful figure in the country. " is particularly popular among people in the north, because he had fought

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Fahim survived several assassination attempts. His convoy was targeted when a mine exploded underneath the central car in Fahim's convoy. He had been on an official visit to the eastern city of

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His death came only a few weeks before Karzai was due to step down from the presidency, and as NATO forces pull out of Afghanistan, added to the prevailing atmosphere of fear and uncertainty.

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to establish the exact task, length of stay and size of international forces. Reportedly, Fahim refused to meet McColl until Rumsfeld pressured him and told him to meet the British general.

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On 9 September 2001, Ahmad Shah Massoud, Afghanistan's most important resistance leader and Defense Minister of the ousted but international recognized government, was assassinated by

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in Northern Afghanistan, Fahim reached out to militants. He declared that, with their input, a coming national conference would lay the foundations for a peace that would end the

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where they discussed the idea to launch the first major strike of the war against Mazar-e-Sharif, a city that Fahim a month earlier named as the first city that he would conquer.

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Fahim was also a close friend of India. We shall never forget his personal contribution to nurturing and strengthening the India Afghanistan strategic partnership." Ambassador

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minority (the second largest ethnic grouping after Karzai's Pashtun community), which helped to split the Tajik vote which might otherwise have gone to Karzai's Tajik rival,

2163: 3631: 3509:"PM condoles the passing way of Afghan Vice President Marshal Fahim : Press Releases : Prime Minister of India - Dr. Manmohan Singh (22 May 2004 - 26 May 2014)" 3331: 1034:"to discuss a new government campaign to stop farmers growing poppies for the opium trade and other issues with local commanders and tribal leaders." (BBC, 8 April 2002) 731:. The dispute erupted after his forces tried to disarm soldiers from a rival military unit. When those troops resisted, a firefight broke out, killing three soldiers. 490:

When the Soviet-backed Afghan government collapsed in 1992, Fahim became a key member in the new government. He was appointed head of the Afghan intellgicence service

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The Bonn conference bypassed President Rabbani and appointed Hamid Karzai as Interim President. Qanuni, Abdullah and Fahim all got crucial posts in the

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as his main policy driver. Fahim argued that without the backing of foreign forces, President Karzai's regime would not last longer than a week.

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province. Only 26 July 2009, as the running mate of President Karzai for the 2009 elections, his convoy was attacked in an ambush staged by the

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As commander of Afghans largest military force, Fahim was appointed Defence minister of Afghanistan. At the same time, he was one of the five

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While holding the position, he continued to command his own militia which he inherited from the United Front or more commonly known as the

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Fahim's last years were beset by health problems which required hospital treatment in Germany. He died of a heart attack on 9 March 2014.

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from June 2002 until December 2004 and from November 2009 until his death. He was considered a powerful and influential figure during the

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of the United States called him "a leader during the Jihad, and that he played a major role in moving Afghanistan toward moderation."

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Movement of Afghanistan while he was still in college. He fled Afghanistan after the Communist coup of 1978, he became a refugee in

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law at an Arabic institute in Kabul in 1977. Most reports show that he had been fighting the Communist rulers since the late 70s. A

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https://web.archive.org/web/20110615082432/http://www.kgan.com/template/inews_wire/wires.international/229d07a1-www.kgan.com.shtml

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of the Interim Administration. Together with Abdullah and Qanuni, one of the most dominant figures in the interim administration.

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In June 2003, a bomb was found in front of his home. Later in the year, the head of his personal security died at the hands of a

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was formed, Fahim supported the candidacy for president of Karzai. In turn he retained as vice-president and defense minister.

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were illegally occupying land and should be removed from their posts. However, three days later, Kothari sent a letter to

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Medal. Fahim died due to natural causes in 2014; the president declared three days of national mourning in honor of him.

376:, popularly known as "Marshal Fahim"; 1957 – 9 March 2014) was an Afghan military commander and politician who served as 2887: 1433: 3656: 2622:"A NATION CHALLENGED: HUNTING FUGITIVES; Afghans and Pakistanis at Odds on Whereabouts of bin Laden; Bombing Is Waning" 1193: 827: 699: 698:

who demanded the presence of a large international force. Fahim was in charge of the meetings with the British General

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In the talks in Bonn Fahim took a leading role, together with two other young and moderate Tajik leaders from the

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by opposition forces on 9 and 10 November and only a few days later, the Taliban evacuated Kabul. US President

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where bin Laden was and that air raids will continue "for as long as it takes to finish off the terrorists."

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As Defense Minister, he toured army bases in the United Kingdom, negotiated security issues with US General

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But for Karzai such considerations were trumped by Fahim's status as a leading member of Afghanistan's

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In 2004, many expected Karzai to name Fahim or Qanuni as candidate for vice-president in the upcoming

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After Karzai's victory, Fahim was not reappointed Defense Minister and was succeeded by his deputy

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landed in Afghanistan and teamed up with Fahim. On 30 October, Fahim met with American General

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The election was won by Karzai and from 19 November on, Fahim again served as vice president.

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Adviser calls Karzai a weak, foreign-influenced leader, The Daily Times, Monday, 4 June 2007

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said. Later he demanded that 100 British servicemen who just had entered the country leave

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First In: An Insider's Account of How the CIA Spearheaded the War on Terror in Afghanistan

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Fahim discussed the deployment of foreign troops with US Generals and Defense Secretary

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His life and legacy is commemorated annually on 9 March in Kabul and other provinces.

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Antonio Giustozzi, The Army of Afghanistan: A Political History, Hurst, 2015, 132-3.

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The Real Winner of Afghanistan's Election, Foreign Policy Magazine, 31 August 2009

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Another Assassination Attempt Is Stopped, The New York Times, 24 November 2002

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and Marshal Fahim at the Presidential Palace in Kabul, Afghanistan, in 2010.

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In the wake of building pressure of the US against the Taliban regime after

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Chipman, Don. "Air power and the Battle for Mazar e Sharif", Spring 2003

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instead. Subsequently, Fahim backed the candidacy of his fellow Tajik,

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assassination earlier in the month of one of Karzai's vice presidents,

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as the next Afghan president instead for his formal leader Rabbani.

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During these three months, the international community sponsored a

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At the end of November, forces loyal to Fahim captured the city of

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Marshal Fahim (center) standing next to former Afghan President

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globalsecurity.org – Afghanistan Politics: Mohammed Qasim Fahim

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was renamed Marshal Fahim National Defense University (MFNDU).

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In 1996, Fahim personally offered to evacuate former President

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Fahim survived another assassination attempt in the northern

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Nicholas Watt; Luke Harding; Ian Black (6 December 2001).

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Oliver, Mark & Brown, Derek(2001) (3 December 2001).

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video chronicling his life reports that Fahim joined the

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Official Biography as the member of Afghanistan's senate

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Fahim was a member of the (now defunct) political party

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Peter Millership; Sayed Salahuddin (24 January 2002).

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and spoke with the two of them about security issues.

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Afghanistan Online Biography of Mohammed Qasim Fahim

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votes to the ticket. The selection was condemned by

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Political scene: Dr Najibullah made a fatal mistake

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"Karzai's Would-Be Competition in Disarray." 2665: 2509: 2394: 2075: 1771: 1729:DEXTER FILKINS; DAVID ROHDE (4 November 2001). 1635: 759: 509:, then in custody in Kabul, from the advancing 458:ethnicity. He was the son of Qala Dar from the 3432: 3430: 2797: 2722: 2342: 2264: 2238: 1906: 1661: 1252: 838:, a powerful Pashtun warlord and Karzai ally. 738: 3745: 2880: 2613: 2535: 2316: 2098: 1914:"Afghan rebels are a reluctand force, so far" 1669:"Afghan opposition threaten attack before US" 1374: 1372: 1070:, New Year's Day, of 1389 (21 March 2010) in 1059: 1004:as candidate for first Vice President in the 919:Marshal Fahim greeting former U.S. President 124:19 September 2001 – 23 December 2004 3916:Members of the House of Elders (Afghanistan) 3534:"Marshal Supporter of a National Government" 3139:Anderson, Jon Lee. "The Man In The Palace." 2756:"UN Approves Security Force for Afghanistan" 2247:"Commandos forced to leave as cabinet meets" 2018: 1958: 1578:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 1549: 3427: 3097:"A Brief Look At Marshal Fahim's Biography" 2958: 2478: 2425: 1994: 1992: 1938: 1831:"Ousted Afghan President won't go back yet" 1823: 1757:"Taliban claim US Bombing damages hospital" 1541:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 670:Vice-Chairman of the Interim Administration 399:) party, Fahim captured the Afghan capital 3752: 3738: 3571:"Marshal Fahim's Death Anniversary Marked" 3384:"نگاهی به زندگینامه مارشال محمد قسیم فهیم" 2966:"U.S. Steps up Interrogation of Prisoners" 2823: 2748: 2569:"Kabul accepts 5 000-strong outside force" 2376:"Bin Laden men pushed to final stronghold" 1582:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 1369: 601:Formation of an interim government in Bonn 430:and a year later, he became member of the 43: 3773:Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan 3120: 2932: 2915:"Bush to throw billions at war on terror" 2906: 2888:"Karzai appoints deputy defence minister" 2854: 2829: 2731:"U.K. peacekeepers arrive in Afghanistan" 2587: 2456: 1025: 898:United Nations Commission on Human Rights 810:Learn how and when to remove this message 19:For other people with the same name, see 3484: 3058: 2991:Bazinet, Kenneth R. (31 December 2001). 2161: 2104: 2024: 1989: 1797: 1644:"New faces take over from the old guard" 1101: 914: 604: 72:19 November 2009 – 9 March 2014 2990: 2938: 2728: 2645: 2619: 2561: 2515: 2368: 2181: 2129: 1932: 1880: 1378: 3898: 3038: 2830:Calabresi, Massimo (22 October 2001). 2780: 2484: 2431: 2190:"How Large A Force To Keep The Peace?" 2187: 2081: 2058:"I would step down to help my country" 2055: 2025:WILLIAMS, CAROL J. (4 December 2001). 1998: 1964: 1754: 1722: 1641: 1094:took place in Kabul on 2–4 June 2010. 683:hegemony of Afghanistan without them. 526: 3733: 3436: 3409:"مارشال محمد قسیم فهیم کی بود !" 3020:. Globalsecurity.org. 28 January 2002 2860: 2697: 2671: 2593: 2400: 2273:"Alliance happiest as deal is sealed" 2244: 2135: 434:. He later became a recipient of the 251: 2698:Kenna, Kathleen (20 December 2001). 2401:Kenna, Kathleen (12 December 2001). 2218: 2162:ERLANGER, STEVEN (6 December 2001). 1713: 1687: 1228: 1226: 792:adding citations to reliable sources 763: 714:need them, six years as a minimum". 373: 3121:Rosenberg, Matthew (9 March 2014). 2350:"Afghans call for limited UN force" 2245:Smith, Michael (24 December 2001). 2105:Whitmore, Brian (5 December 2001). 1965:Settle, Michael (23 October 2001). 1888:"Opposition Embraces Masood Legend" 1609: 1453: 1097: 60:First Vice President of Afghanistan 13: 3685:Minister of Defense of Afghanistan 2993:"Report: Osama's Left Afghanistan" 2781:Gannon, Kathy (20 December 2001). 2729:Spitzer, Kirk (20 December 2001). 2646:Conachy, James (28 January 2002). 2516:Rayment, Sean (16 December 2001). 2432:Rupert, James (12 December 2001). 2219:Azoy, Whitney (21 December 2001). 2188:Rupert, James (15 December 2001). 2082:Rashid, Ahmed (10 December 2001). 2056:Rashid, Ahmed (24 November 2001). 1755:Hatoum, Bassam (1 November 2001). 1642:Warren, Marcus (6 December 2001). 1474: 1426: 1405: 1194:Afghan National Defense University 426:provided Fahim the honorary title 417:Afghan Transitional Administration 14: 3982: 3615: 3068:. United Nations. 25 January 2002 3039:Gannon, Kathy (18 January 2002). 2939:LANDLER, MARK (26 January 2002). 2861:ROHDE, DAVID (16 December 2001). 2672:Moore, Charles (7 January 2002). 2620:Waldman, Amy (29 December 2001). 2594:ROHDE, DAVID (19 December 2001). 2485:Pleven, Liam (18 December 2001). 2464:"Suspect chemical war camp found" 2434:"Jockeying Persists Among Rivals" 2136:Rhode, David (21 December 2001). 1348: 1327: 1223: 900:to investigate housing rights in 626:conference on Afghanistan in Bonn 3971:Defence ministers of Afghanistan 3821: 3776: 3358:"محمد قسیم فهیم؛ از تولد تا مرگ" 1999:KIFNER, JOHN (4 December 2001). 1218:Karzai registers for re-election 861:generals with officers from the 768: 751:United Nations Secretary General 312: 180:April 1992 – April 1996 3926:People of the Soviet–Afghan War 3818:Islamic Republic of Afghanistan 3587: 3563: 3551: 3526: 3501: 3478: 3456: 3401: 3376: 3350: 3324: 3298: 3285: 3264: 3222: 3196: 3170: 3150: 3133: 3114: 3089: 3080: 2639: 2544:"Alliance snub British general" 1939:DAVID ROHDE (22 October 2001). 1849: 1590: 1287:. 10 March 2014. Archived from 779:needs additional citations for 407:as a military commander of the 3966:Survivors of terrorist attacks 3936:Afghan expatriates in Pakistan 3921:Vice presidents of Afghanistan 1211: 927:and 2nd Vice Afghan President 845:and Canadian Defense Minister 441: 343:War in Afghanistan (1996–2001) 1: 3712:Vice President of Afghanistan 3632:Azadi Radio, Karzai Interview 3437:Sieff, Kevin (9 March 2014). 1617:"Legendary Afghan Rebel Dies" 1205: 996:Second term as Vice President 546:On October, 20, a US team of 403:in the fall of 2001 from the 378:Vice President of Afghanistan 16:Afghan politician (1957-2014) 1502:Shyam Bhatia (2007) (2003). 760:First term as Vice President 7: 2111:Boston Globe – Boston, Mass 1558:"Who's Who in Afghanistan?" 1281:"Mohammed Fahim - obituary" 739:Relations with other states 10: 3987: 3364:(in Persian). 9 March 2014 2438:Newsday – Long Island, N.Y 1511:. Har-Anand Publications. 1461:"Marshal Fahim Foundation" 1387:. Presidio Press. p. 1060:Peace negotiations of 2010 1006:2009 presidential election 494:, under interim president 485: 18: 3868: 3832: 3816: 3771: 3718: 3709: 3701: 3691: 3682: 3674: 3669: 3272:"Site Under Construction" 2760:Moscow-Pullman Daily News 454:of Afghanistan and is of 450:, a small village in the 359: 334: 320: 307: 299: 294:Afghanistan National Army 289: 279: 274: 266: 247: 227: 222: 218: 208: 198: 184: 173: 166: 154: 142: 128: 117: 110: 98: 86: 76: 65: 58: 54: 42: 37: 30: 3941:Afghan military officers 3388:afghanistan.shafaqna.com 3147:. Web. 21 February 2013. 2652:World Socialist Web Site 1505:Contemporary Afghanistan 1172: 3145:Academic Search Premier 2970:Sarasota Herald Tribune 2466:. CNN. 16 December 2001 1606:, EIU, 11 November 1996 1220:, BBC News (4 May 2009) 1145:In 2009, he was one of 1064:On the celebrations of 828:transitional government 347:War against the Taliban 3295:, Monday, 4 June 2007) 3167:Web. 21 February 2013. 3165:Newspaper Source Plus. 1560:. London: The Guaridan 1379:Schroen, Gary (2006). 1115: 1026:Assassination attempts 932: 892:On 12 September 2003, 621: 496:Sibghatullah Mojaddedi 189:Sibghatullah Mojaddedi 3869:Second Vice President 3143:81.16 (2005): 60–73. 3045:South East Missourian 2302:ITAR-TASS news agency 1892:Eugene Register-Guard 1699:ITAR-TASS news agency 1356:"Bakhtar News Agency" 1192:After his death, the 1155:presidential election 1105: 990:United National Front 937:presidential election 918: 608: 382:Karzai Administration 329:State Security Agency 300:Years of service 3833:First Vice President 3161:Washington Post, The 2138:"RULING AFGHANISTAN" 2094:on 18 December 2001. 1602:10 July 2011 at the 1314:"Afghanistan Online" 1157:, bringing a lot of 1120:United Islamic Front 883:Afghan National Army 788:improve this article 722:, the most powerful 638:United Islamic Front 516:United Islamic Front 366:Mohammad Qasim Fahim 352:Fall of Kabul (2001) 254:(aged 56 or 57) 3951:Afghan Tajik people 3558:The Washington Post 2548:The Daily Telegraph 2522:The Daily Telegraph 2354:Beaver County Times 1862:The Washington Post 1623:. 15 September 2001 1124:Burhanuddin Rabbani 896:, appointed by the 720:Abdul Rashid Dostum 611:Burhanuddin Rabbani 595:Burhanuddin Rabbani 587:Abdul Rashid Dostum 527:As Defense Minister 507:Mohammad Najibullah 500:Burhanuddin Rabbani 193:Burhanuddin Rabbani 133:Burhanuddin Rabbani 112:Minister of Defence 3678:Ahmad Shah Massoud 3670:Political offices 3642:Erada Weekly, 2005 3127:The New York Times 2972:. 29 December 2001 2945:The New York Times 2894:. 24 December 2001 2867:The New York Times 2842:on 30 October 2010 2811:. 24 December 2001 2785:. Associated Press 2762:. 20 December 2001 2710:on 31 January 2013 2626:The New York Times 2600:The New York Times 2575:. 18 December 2001 2497:on 31 January 2013 2444:on 31 January 2013 2413:on 1 February 2013 2382:. 11 December 2001 2356:. 11 December 2001 2330:. 17 November 2001 2304:. 17 November 2001 2200:on 31 January 2013 2168:The New York Times 2117:on 31 January 2013 2037:on 31 January 2013 2005:The New York Times 1977:on 2 February 2013 1945:The New York Times 1837:. 16 November 2001 1811:. 13 November 2001 1785:. 13 November 2001 1759:. Associated Press 1735:The New York Times 1163:Human Rights Watch 1116: 1076:Taliban insurgency 952:Abdul Rahim Wardak 933: 885:installation near 853:Secretary General 622: 589:(Mazar-e-Sharif). 541:September 11, 2001 446:Fahim was born in 405:Taliban government 389:Ahmad Shah Massoud 214:Position abolished 149:Ahmad Shah Massoud 3946:Tajik politicians 3893: 3892: 3889: 3888: 3728: 3727: 3719:Succeeded by 3705:Ahmad Zia Massoud 3695:Abdurrahim Wardak 3692:Succeeded by 3513:archivepmo.nic.in 3413:Middle East Press 3252:Missing or empty 3157:Constable, Pamela 2221:"December of '41" 2031:Los Angeles Times 1920:. 4 November 2001 1894:. 12 October 2001 1621:New Straits Times 1482:"Global Security" 1132:Ahmad Zia Massoud 1130:, Vice-president 1017:Abdullah Abdullah 941:Ahmad Zia Massoud 879:Northern Alliance 820: 819: 812: 615:Russian President 480:Ahmad Shah Masood 452:Panjshir Province 409:Northern Alliance 363: 362: 339:Soviet–Afghan War 325:Northern Alliance 168:Directors of KHAD 161:Abdurrahim Wardak 93:Ahmad Zia Massoud 3978: 3830: 3829: 3826: 3825: 3781: 3780: 3754: 3747: 3740: 3731: 3730: 3702:Preceded by 3675:Preceded by 3667: 3666: 3610: 3609: 3607: 3605: 3591: 3585: 3584: 3583: 3581: 3567: 3561: 3555: 3549: 3548: 3546: 3544: 3530: 3524: 3523: 3521: 3519: 3505: 3499: 3498: 3496: 3494: 3482: 3476: 3475: 3473: 3471: 3460: 3454: 3453: 3451: 3449: 3434: 3425: 3424: 3422: 3420: 3405: 3399: 3398: 3396: 3394: 3380: 3374: 3373: 3371: 3369: 3354: 3348: 3347: 3345: 3343: 3338:on 10 March 2014 3328: 3322: 3321: 3319: 3317: 3308:. 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Archived from 1962: 1956: 1955: 1953: 1951: 1936: 1930: 1929: 1927: 1925: 1910: 1904: 1903: 1901: 1899: 1884: 1878: 1877: 1875: 1873: 1864:. Archived from 1853: 1847: 1846: 1844: 1842: 1827: 1821: 1820: 1818: 1816: 1801: 1795: 1794: 1792: 1790: 1775: 1769: 1768: 1766: 1764: 1752: 1746: 1745: 1743: 1741: 1726: 1720: 1717: 1711: 1710: 1708: 1706: 1701:. 7 October 2001 1691: 1685: 1684: 1682: 1680: 1675:. 5 October 2001 1673:Breaking News.ie 1665: 1659: 1658: 1656: 1654: 1639: 1633: 1632: 1630: 1628: 1613: 1607: 1594: 1588: 1587: 1577: 1569: 1567: 1565: 1553: 1547: 1546: 1540: 1532: 1527: 1525: 1510: 1499: 1493: 1492: 1490: 1488: 1478: 1472: 1471: 1469: 1467: 1457: 1451: 1450: 1448: 1446: 1434:"ToloNEWS Video" 1430: 1424: 1423: 1421: 1419: 1409: 1403: 1402: 1386: 1376: 1367: 1366: 1364: 1362: 1352: 1346: 1345: 1343: 1341: 1331: 1325: 1324: 1322: 1320: 1310: 1301: 1300: 1298: 1296: 1291:on 11 March 2014 1277: 1250: 1249: 1247: 1245: 1230: 1221: 1215: 1187:James Cunningham 1126:, House Speaker 1098:Other activities 973:, and later the 960:Muhammad Mohaqiq 931:with the turban. 855:George Robertson 815: 808: 804: 801: 795: 772: 764: 749:Karzai met with 746:Zalmay Khalilzad 620:in October 2001. 575:Gul Agha Sherzai 413:Defense Minister 387:Affiliated with 375: 316: 275:Military service 253: 223:Personal details 211: 201: 178: 157: 145: 122: 101: 89: 70: 47: 28: 27: 3986: 3985: 3981: 3980: 3979: 3977: 3976: 3975: 3956:Afghan warlords 3896: 3895: 3894: 3885: 3864: 3820: 3812: 3775: 3767: 3758: 3724: 3715: 3707: 3697: 3688: 3680: 3618: 3613: 3603: 3601: 3593: 3592: 3588: 3579: 3577: 3569: 3568: 3564: 3556: 3552: 3542: 3540: 3532: 3531: 3527: 3517: 3515: 3507: 3506: 3502: 3492: 3490: 3483: 3479: 3469: 3467: 3462: 3461: 3457: 3447: 3445: 3443:Washington Post 3435: 3428: 3418: 3416: 3415:. 10 March 2014 3407: 3406: 3402: 3392: 3390: 3382: 3381: 3377: 3367: 3365: 3356: 3355: 3351: 3341: 3339: 3330: 3329: 3325: 3315: 3313: 3312:on 27 June 2009 3304: 3303: 3299: 3293:The Daily Times 3290: 3286: 3276: 3274: 3270: 3269: 3265: 3253: 3251: 3242: 3241: 3228: 3227: 3223: 3213: 3211: 3202: 3201: 3197: 3187: 3185: 3176: 3175: 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