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the property on the peak of Mt. Rubidoux is substantially preserved in its current state, reasonably maintained, and kept accessible to members of the public for their enjoyment. Through a fundraising campaign to raise money to purchase the peak at auction, and maintain it in perpetuity, with help from the community
Totally Mt. Rubidoux raised nearly $ 260,000.
343:
Initial improvements, including the road, were completed in
February 1907. The first memorial marker on the mountain, the cross and tablet at the summit honoring Father Junipero Serra, was dedicated on April 26, 1907. Serra supposedly often travelled through the valley and rested at Rubidoux Rancho.
478:
A group named "Totally Mt. Rubidoux" was formed in response to the potential lawsuit threatened in late 2012. The group is a collaborative effort by the
Friends of Mt. Rubidoux, Mission Inn Foundation & Museum, and Rivers & Lands Conservancy (then Riverside Land Conservancy) to ensure that
474:
In a city council meeting on
January 22, 2013, the City of Riverside city council decided to sell the cross atop Mount Rubidoux as well as 0.43 acres of land beneath it. The land includes a portion of the rocky hilltop, the cross, the steps beneath it, and a small portion of the asphalted area at
499:
Mount
Rubidoux Park is open from dawn until dusk. It covers 161 acres (0.65 km; 0.252 sq mi) and features 3.5 miles (5.6 km) of paved roads and several dirt hiking trails. The park is closed to vehicular traffic, but improvements in 2009 boosted the number of daily walkers,
482:
On April 11, 2013, Totally Mt. Rubidoux placed the winning bid of $ 10,500 on the peak of Mt. Rubidoux, purchasing it in the name of Rivers & Lands
Conservancy to be the sole owner and manager of Mt. Rubidoux Peak. After the purchasing costs, and setting aside funds for three years of
491:
Mount
Rubidoux continues to be an important landmark and valued asset to the people of Riverside. On April 12, 2009, the 100th anniversary of the Easter Sunrise service was held at the top of Mount Rubidoux. The city launches its premier fireworks show from the top of the mountain every
292:
reassigned the name
Pachappa to another, smaller hill, in order to expand the property of the Rancho. Since Pachappa hill was designated as the southeast marker of the Jurupa Rancho, which was granted by the Mexican government to Juan Bandini in 1838, reassigning the name to the current
390:, was in town to give an address at the Mission Inn. He suggested holding an Easter sunrise service at the top of the mountain, and on the following Sunday the first non-denominational outdoor Easter Sunrise Service in the United States was held at the top of the mount.
297:
would have expanded the Rancho Jurupa significantly, incorporating all of the area covered by today's downtown
Riverside. It is also possible the United States government renamed the hills in order to satisfy acreage requirements of the original Mexican land Grant.
234:. A majority of Mt. Rubidoux is owned by the City of Riverside, while 0.43 acres at the peak is owned by Rivers & Lands Conservancy after the cross attracted a potential lawsuit and the city decided to sell it at auction it to a private organization (see
517:
511:, a non-profit organization formed by citizen volunteers to restore, preserve, and beautify Mount Rubidoux Park, to enhance knowledge of the rich history of Mount Rubidoux Park, and to foster enjoyment by visitors to Mount Rubidoux.
463:
sent a letter to the City of
Riverside threatening a lawsuit for having a large cross on city-owned property. The group believes that owning the cross violates a legal doctrine set forth in the
329:
after the heirs of Frank Miller donated the property to the city in 1955. On December 13, 1925, the Testimonial Peace Tower was dedicated to Miller. The bridge is a replica of a noted bridge in
288:
Tom Patterson, as well as most local Riverside historians, have concluded that the original name of Mount Rubidoux was Pachappa. They speculate that one of the early owners of
483:
management, education, and stewardship, about $ 190,000 were invested in a non-wasting endowment so that the interest earned could be used to manage the land in perpetuity.
321:
and purchased the property with the intent to build a road to the summit and develop the mountain as a park to benefit the city of Riverside. Originally the park was named
362:
no. 26, and has been a city park since 1955, when the land was donated to the city by Frank Miller's heirs. The park features 3.5 miles of paved and dirt hiking trails.
728:"Consul General of Japan Kanji Takasugi, Shunzo Kido, and Katsuma Mukaeda at Blue Room of Music Center of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California, July 8, 1969"
73:
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in the United States. Many historic markers and memorials have been placed on the mountain, the most prominent being the cross at the summit dedicated to Father
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The popularity of the Rubidoux Easter sunrise services spawned many other such services throughout the country, including an annual service at the
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was placed on the bridge in 1934 honoring his sacrifice of an Olympic medal in order to save his horse, Kyu Gun, from lameness.
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The annual service became nationally and internationally known, drawing huge crowds and celebrities, including opera soprano
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the bottom of the steps. The land would be sold at public auction on April 11, 2013, with a minimum bid of $ 10,000.
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409:. Each year attendance grew. In 1918 plans for an open-air 10,000-seat amphitheater designed by architect
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McGraw-Hill Co. of California, 1918 Original from the New York Public Library Digitized Jun 17, 2008.
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222:, United States, that has been designated a city park and landmark. The mountain was once a popular
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flows at the base of the mountain, marking the boundary between the city of Riverside and the
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553:, United States Supreme Court case upholding constitutionality of the Mojave Memorial Cross
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tourist destination and is still the site of the oldest outdoor non-denominational Easter
8:
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Wenzel, Glenn. "Anecdotes on Frank Miller and the Mount Rubidoux Easter pilgrimages",
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All roads and trails are maintained in good condition by the city and by the
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Riverside County, California, Place Names; Their Origins and Their Stories
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444:. Peak attendance in the 1920s was reported to have exceeded 30,000.
1034:"Mt. Rubidoux Income & Expense – Rivers & Lands Conservancy"
1006:
1058:"MOUNT RUBIDOUX CROSS: Auction winner will keep Riverside landmark"
370:
958:"Mt. Rubidoux: The Cross and The Fight Over Religion and Landmark"
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trolley system also implemented special service from Los Angeles,
28:
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In 1912 an estimated crowd of 3,000 people were present to hear
891:
Durian, Hal. "Riverside Was Marcella Craft's 'American' Home",
559:, legal challenges to the Mount Davidson Cross in San Francisco
41:
1309:
1121:
650:"RIVERSIDE: City will auction land under Mount Rubidoux cross"
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joggers, and bicyclists. The hill is also a popular place for
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Anecdotes on Mount Rubidoux and Frank A. Miller, her promoter
347:
A sunset over Mount Rubidoux, in 1909, was the occasion for
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A Colony for California: Riverside's First Hundred Years
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Mount Rubidoux Easter sunrise service to mark centennial
856:"Mt Rubidoux Trail - Riverside CA Hiking - Go Hike It"
1305:
A Memorial to Mount Rubidoux, by William T. Drysdale
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Landmarks of Riverside, and the Stories Behind Them
987:
Americans United for Separation of Church and State
461:
Americans United for Separation of Church and State
218:is a mountain just west of downtown in the city of
1228:The Story of Mount Rubidoux, Riverside, California
909:. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing. p. 49.
817:Riverside Cultural Heritage Board (January 2002).
459:In November 2012 the legal advocacy organization,
413:were considered, but they were never implemented.
1099:Everything's good in the view from Mount Rubidoux
1534:
774:"10. Drive to Riverside's famous Mount Rubidoux"
16:Mountain in Riverside, California, United States
1216:, Riverside, CA, 1984. LOC Catalog: 84–72920.
1357:
1258:. Press~Enterprise Co., Riverside, CA, 1964.
880:Western architect and engineer, Volumes 52–53
1151:Cross, Mount Rubidoux, Riverside, California
557:Mount Davidson (California) § The cross
327:Frank A. Miller Mount Rubidoux Memorial Park
1292:Journal of the Riverside Historical Society
1202:. New York, D. Appleton-Century Co., 1938.
504:, particularly for beginners in the sport.
465:Establishment Clause of the First Amendment
272:, the second elected mayor of Los Angeles.
264:in 1847, after purchasing a portion of the
1364:
1350:
1294:, Riverside, CA, Number 13, February 2009.
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1563:Mountains of Riverside County, California
1445:California School for the Deaf, Riverside
1371:
1268:Wenzel, Glenn and Wenzel, Seth (illust.)
1244:. The Riverside Museum Associates, 1996.
810:
374:1913 Mt Rubidoux Easter Sunrise Services.
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284:The World Peace Bridge on Mount Rubidoux.
745:Ecenbarger, William (January 15, 2010).
625:United States Department of the Interior
397:2014 Mt. Rubidoux Easter Sunrise Service
392:
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1101:. The Press Enterprise, August 1, 2009.
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1478:California Citrus State Historic Park
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428:to Riverside just for the event. The
1165:Southern California Bouldering Guide
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819:"Landmarks of the City of Riverside"
799:Mission Inn Museum Jacobs-Bond site.
734:. Japanese American National Museum.
644:
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1455:University of California, Riverside
616:Geographic Names Information System
13:
1573:Geography of Riverside, California
1548:Landmarks in Riverside, California
1327:"Mount Rubidoux – Visiting (1002)"
1082:PE.Com, The Press Enterprise Co.,
1023:
325:, but the name was changed to the
173:Mount Rubidoux (the United States)
14:
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563:Serra Cross (Ventura, California)
1578:Mountains of Southern California
1553:History of Riverside, California
1167:, Morris Book Publishing, 1995.
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424:provided a special service from
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1493:The Mission Inn Hotel & Spa
1200:Frank Miller of the Mission Inn
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1543:Parks in Riverside, California
763:Hutchings, p. 11 (unnumbered).
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358:Mount Rubidoux was designated
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1192:18, no. 7-10 (1937): 151–158.
1147:Easter sunrise pilgrimage to
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176:Show map of the United States
1568:Climbing areas of California
1515:Washington navel orange tree
587:"Mount Rubidoux, California"
543:Mount Soledad Cross lawsuits
351:to compose her famous song "
249:neighborhood of the City of
7:
536:
319:Huntington Park Association
256:The mountain was named for
10:
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1488:Fox Performing Arts Center
1450:Sherman Indian High School
732:Collections & Research
469:United States Constitution
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89:33.9839038°N 117.3931011°W
46:1,331 ft (406 m)
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747:"The True Olympic Spirit"
527:A 360 degree panorama of
509:Friends of Mount Rubidoux
422:Southern Pacific Railroad
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1525:This list is incomplete.
1412:Riverside Polytechnic HS
1316:Mt. Rubidoux Enthusiasts
386:, a friend of President
195:San Bernardino Mountains
94:33.9839038; -117.3931011
61:484 ft (148 m)
1310:Friends of Mt. Rubidoux
1190:Chicago Schools Journal
360:Riverside City Landmark
335:1932 Olympic equestrian
1325:(September 27, 2002).
1272:. Riverside, CA, 2010
1212:Gunther, Jane Davies.
1007:"Totally Mt. Rubidoux"
895:, May 16, 2010, p. C5.
398:
375:
366:Easter sunrise service
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143:Show map of California
1397:Martin Luther King HS
1373:Riverside, California
1337:Huell Howser Archive.
1226:Hutchings, DeWitt V.
529:Riverside, California
396:
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270:Benjamin Davis Wilson
220:Riverside, California
138:Riverside, California
1503:Riverside Art Museum
1011:Totally Mt. Rubidoux
905:Lech, Steve (2007).
893:The Press-Enterprise
751:Reader's Digest Asia
487:Mount Rubidoux today
1498:Museum of Riverside
1188:. "Peace Symbols."
907:Riverside 1870–1940
824:. City of Riverside
407:God of the Open Air
311:Henry E. Huntington
224:Southern California
85: /
1558:Temescal Mountains
1335:Chapman University
1097:Robinson, Alicia.
1038:riversandlands.org
938:Wenzel, pp. 18–22.
804:2009-07-06 at the
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388:Theodore Roosevelt
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349:Carrie Jacobs-Bond
286:
260:, who established
49: NAVD 88
36:Highest point
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916:978-0-7385-4716-9
708:Gale, pp.155–156.
315:Charles M. Loring
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1402:John W. North HS
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1240:Patterson, Tom.
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378:In April 1909,
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333:. A plaque for
323:Huntington Park
305:, owner of the
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243:Santa Ana River
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983:"Who We Are"
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688:A Colony...
686:Patterson,
673:Patterson,
426:Los Angeles
338:Shunzo Kido
307:Mission Inn
92: /
80:117°23′35″W
67:Coordinates
1537:Categories
1421:Alvord USD
1312:home page.
1196:Gale, Zona
1068:2018-06-21
1043:2018-06-21
1016:2018-06-21
992:2018-06-21
968:2018-06-21
866:2017-08-06
860:Go Hike It
828:2013-03-03
660:2018-06-21
630:2008-12-08
596:2008-12-08
570:References
502:bouldering
380:Jacob Riis
77:33°59′02″N
57:Prominence
1471:Landmarks
1407:Ramona HS
1380:Education
1286:604994425
1236:124173831
1159:681961493
845:, p. 115.
105:Geography
42:Elevation
1460:template
1331:Visiting
1222:12103181
1181:35086352
802:Archived
784:July 24,
690:, p. 82.
677:, p. 19.
537:See also
438:Redlands
384:New York
301:In 1906
247:Rubidoux
238:below).
202:Topo map
1264:3512580
1208:2181944
467:to the
276:History
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1122:"Home"
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440:, and
434:Corona
822:(PDF)
268:from
1282:OCLC
1274:ISBN
1260:OCLC
1246:OCLC
1232:OCLC
1218:OCLC
1204:OCLC
1177:OCLC
1169:ISBN
1155:OCLC
962:KCET
911:ISBN
786:2012
313:and
241:The
207:USGS
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