421:
476:
and Father Amédée, were in separate rooms and escaped the kidnappers' notice. After the kidnappers left, the remaining monks attempted to contact the police, but found that the telephone lines had been cut. As there was a curfew in force, they had to wait until morning to drive to the police station
560:
In July 2009, the retired French general François
Buchwalter, who was military attaché in Algeria at the time, testified to a judge that the monks had been accidentally killed by an Algerian government helicopter during an attack on a guerrilla position, then beheaded after their death to make it
564:
The day after
Buchwalter's statement, former GIA leader Abdelhak Layada — who was in prison when the monks were killed — responded by reiterating the claim that the GIA had beheaded the monks after a breakdown of negotiations with the
492:. On 23 May, the GIA's communiqué no. 44 reported that they had executed the monks on 21 May. The Algerian government announced that their heads had been discovered on May 31; the whereabouts of their bodies is unknown. The funeral
105:
488:, a former GIA leader who had been arrested three years earlier. On 30 April, a tape with the voices of the kidnapped monks, recorded on 20 April, was delivered to the French Embassy in
553:
reported that an anonymous high-ranking
Western government official, based in Algeria at the time of the murders, had told them that the kidnapping was orchestrated by a
557:-infiltrated GIA group, but that the monks had been killed accidentally by an Algerian military helicopter which attacked the camp where they were being held captive.
112:
958:
Nos vies sont déjà données! : 19 vies pour Dieu et l'Algérie : le martyre de Mgr
Clavere, des moines de Tibhirine et de onze religieuses et religieux
554:
820:
641:
1090:
991:
1045:
456:, GIA) claimed responsibility for both, but in 2009, retired General François Buchwalter reported that the monks were killed by the Algerian army.
345:
1155:
678:
350:
448:. They were held for two months, and found dead in late May 1996. The circumstances of their kidnapping and death remain controversial; the
1040:
616:
892:
1135:
566:
175:
539:, Brother Michel (Fleury), Father Bruno (born Christian Lemarchand), Father CĂ©lestin (Ringeard), and Brother Paul (Favre-Miville).
838:
1120:
1070:
98:
85:, Brother Michel (Fleury), Father Bruno (born Christian Lemarchand), Father CĂ©lestin (Ringeard), and Brother Paul (Favre-Miville)
388:
950:
935:
920:
290:
1095:
865:
1105:
378:
1065:
1050:
1035:
965:
285:
150:
577:
The seven monks of the Our Lady of the Atlas, who were kidnapped and later beheaded, were beatified with twelve other
983:
300:
1130:
1085:
1060:
1055:
824:
160:
1075:
645:
504:
on Sunday, 2 June 1996. Their remains were buried in the cemetery of the monastery at
Tibhirine two days later.
250:
155:
1110:
739:
1115:
170:
140:
806:
212:
770:
1100:
784:
516:
202:
1150:
1140:
1125:
433:
403:
705:
617:"Could Seven Dead Monks Upset President Nicolas Sarkozy's Bold Plans To Remake France's Legal System?"
1080:
484:
On 18 April, the GIA's communiqué no. 43 announced that they would release the monks in exchange for
1145:
398:
270:
1030:
497:
325:
624:
898:
593:
473:
360:
222:
207:
532:
78:
507:
The surviving two monks of
Tibhirine left Algeria and travelled to a Trappist community near
340:
320:
197:
187:
165:
663:
232:
260:
237:
8:
536:
465:
449:
383:
355:
335:
295:
227:
82:
41:
578:
445:
393:
280:
122:
408:
979:
961:
946:
931:
916:
330:
310:
365:
305:
485:
275:
265:
55:
493:
464:
At approximately 1:15 a.m. on 27 March 1996, about twenty armed members of the
192:
145:
1024:
1006:
993:
976:
N'oublions pas
Tibhirine ! : quinze ans avec les martyrs de l'Atlas
315:
217:
62:
45:
974:
Lassausse, Jean-Marie ; Teissier, Henri ; Georgeon, Thomas (2018)
508:
956:
Georgeon, Thomas ; Henning, Christophe ; Akasleh, Khaled (2018)
928:
The Last Monk of
Tibhirine: A True Story of Martyrdom, Faith, and Survival
747:
420:
664:"The death of the monks of Tibhirine: facts, questions, and hypotheses"
478:
437:
549:
469:
429:
90:
512:
501:
489:
441:
31:
679:"7 French Monks Reported Killed By Islamic Militants in Algeria"
520:
839:"Catholic Monks Killed in Algeria's Civil War Are Beatified"
821:"GIA executed French monks in Algeria in 1996: former chief"
785:"Sarkozy to release details about beheaded monks in Algeria"
582:
68:
913:
The Monks of
Tibhirine: Faith, Love, and Terror in Algeria
496:
for the monks was celebrated in the
Catholic Cathedral of
531:
All of the murdered monks were French. They were: Dom
899:"Biographies of the seven monks (French and Spanish)"
428:
On the night of 26–27 March 1996, seven monks of the
866:"Algerian martyrs to be beatified in Algeria Dec. 8"
542:
472:
of Tibhirine and kidnapped seven monks. Two others,
642:"Algerian army accused in massacre of French monks"
945:. Cistercian Publications. Trappist, Kentucky.
581:on December 8, 2018. The celebration occurred in
1022:
895:. Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance.
706:"Le monastère Notre Dame de l'Atlas au Maroc"
106:
1091:Terrorist incidents in Algeria in the 1990s
67:8 December 2018, Notre Dame de Santa Cruz,
768:
737:
657:
655:
636:
634:
561:appear as though the GIA had killed them.
535:, Brother Luc (born Paul Dochier), Father
113:
99:
81:, Brother Luc (born Paul Dochier), Father
804:
771:"I monaci in Algeria uccisi dai militari"
703:
697:
661:
644:. France 24. 7 July 2009. Archived from
419:
1046:Massacres during the Algerian Civil War
943:Christian De Cherge: A Theology of Hope
807:"Sarkozy accuse l'Algérie de mensonges"
676:
652:
631:
614:
1023:
863:
738:Pennington, M. Basil (December 1996).
389:1999 Algerian Civil Concord referendum
244:Massacres and reconciliation 1996–1999
120:
1156:Terrorist incidents in Africa in 1996
740:"Cistercian Martyrs of Algeria, 1996"
662:Veilleux, Armand (31 December 2002).
572:
94:
864:Wooden, Cindy (September 14, 2018).
805:Bensouiah, Azzeddine (8 July 2009).
1041:20th-century Roman Catholic martyrs
769:Pellizzari, Valerio (6 July 2008).
598:, a 2010 film based on these events
394:Assassination of Abdelkader Hachani
13:
1136:Anti-Christian sentiment in Africa
915:. St. Martin's Griffin. New York.
905:
823:. AFP. 9 July 2009. Archived from
14:
1167:
930:. Paraclete Press. Brewster, MA.
886:
677:Whitney, Craig R. (24 May 1996).
543:Accusations against Algerian army
459:
161:Assassination of Mohamed Boudiaf
857:
831:
813:
704:Flachaire, Jean-Pierre (2006).
615:Crumley, Bruce (16 July 2009).
798:
777:
762:
731:
670:
608:
1:
941:Salenson, Christian. (2012).
602:
176:Assassinations of journalists
141:1990 Algerian local elections
685:. The New York Times Company
526:
444:, were kidnapped during the
7:
1096:March 1996 events in Africa
809:(in French). Algeria-Watch.
773:(in French). Algeria-Watch.
587:
517:Priory of Our Lady of Atlas
434:Our Lady of the Atlas Abbey
372:Defeat of the GIA 1999–2002
16:Algerian Civil War massacre
10:
1172:
1121:Algeria–Holy See relations
1106:Unsolved murders in Africa
379:1999 presidential election
286:1997 legislative elections
151:1991 legislative elections
135:Beginning of war 1991–1994
1071:History of Médéa Province
1066:May 1996 events in Africa
1051:Assassinations in Algeria
1036:Trappist beatified people
926:Derwahl, Freddy. (2013).
713:Collectanea Cisterciensia
132:
74:
61:
51:
37:
26:
21:
500:(Our Lady of Africa) in
399:Killing of Antar Zouabri
301:Oued El-Had and Mezouara
1131:Massacres of Christians
1086:Kidnapping in the 1990s
1061:French beatified people
1056:1996 murders in Algeria
911:Kiser, John W. (2002).
794:(subscription required)
1076:Kidnappings in Algeria
515:that would become the
425:
208:Air France Flight 8969
1111:Unsolved mass murders
978:Montrouge. Bayard DL
870:Catholic News Service
567:French secret service
537:Christophe (Lebreton)
468:(GIA) arrived at the
454:Groupe Islamique Armé
423:
83:Christophe (Lebreton)
1116:1996 in Christianity
1007:36.29556°N 2.71556°E
750:on December 16, 2022
498:Notre-Dame d'Afrique
182:Escalation 1994–1996
1003: /
533:Christian de Chergé
466:Armed Islamic Group
450:Armed Islamic Group
424:Tibhirine Monastery
79:Christian de Chergé
42:Armed Islamic Group
1101:1996 controversies
960:Montrouge. Bayard
845:. December 8, 2018
843:The New York Times
744:lovingjustwise.com
683:The New York Times
579:martyrs of Algeria
573:Martyrs of Algeria
474:Father Jean-Pierre
446:Algerian Civil War
436:of Tibhirine near
426:
124:Algerian Civil War
32:Tibhirine, Algeria
1151:Military scandals
1141:March 1996 crimes
1126:Massacres in 1996
1012:36.29556; 2.71556
951:978-0-8790-7247-6
936:978-1-6126-1374-1
921:978-0-3122-5317-2
827:on March 3, 2011.
627:on July 10, 2009.
417:
416:
311:Beni Ali massacre
89:
88:
1163:
1081:Mass kidnappings
1018:
1017:
1015:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1004:
1001:
1000:
999:
996:
881:
880:
878:
876:
861:
855:
854:
852:
850:
835:
829:
828:
817:
811:
810:
802:
796:
795:
792:
781:
775:
774:
766:
760:
759:
757:
755:
746:. Archived from
735:
729:
728:
726:
724:
710:
701:
695:
694:
692:
690:
674:
668:
667:
659:
650:
649:
638:
629:
628:
623:. Archived from
612:
127:
125:
115:
108:
101:
92:
91:
22:Martyrs of Atlas
19:
18:
1171:
1170:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1146:May 1996 crimes
1021:
1020:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1002:
997:
994:
992:
990:
989:
908:
906:Further reading
893:"Atlas Martyrs"
889:
884:
874:
872:
862:
858:
848:
846:
837:
836:
832:
819:
818:
814:
803:
799:
793:
789:The Irish Times
783:
782:
778:
767:
763:
753:
751:
736:
732:
722:
720:
708:
702:
698:
688:
686:
675:
671:
660:
653:
648:on 7 July 2009.
640:
639:
632:
613:
609:
605:
595:Of Gods and Men
590:
575:
545:
529:
486:Abdelhak Layada
462:
418:
413:
374:
271:Haouch Khemisti
246:
137:
128:
123:
121:
119:
75:Notable martyrs
56:Catholic Church
17:
12:
11:
5:
1169:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1031:Trappist Order
987:
986:
971:
970:
968:
966:978-2227492752
954:
939:
924:
907:
904:
903:
902:
896:
888:
887:External links
885:
883:
882:
856:
830:
812:
797:
776:
761:
730:
696:
669:
651:
630:
606:
604:
601:
600:
599:
589:
586:
583:Oran, Algeria.
574:
571:
544:
541:
528:
525:
461:
458:
430:Trappist order
415:
414:
412:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
369:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
326:Guelb El-Kebir
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
258:
253:
241:
240:
235:
230:
225:
220:
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
190:
179:
178:
173:
168:
163:
158:
153:
148:
143:
133:
130:
129:
118:
117:
110:
103:
95:
87:
86:
76:
72:
71:
65:
59:
58:
53:
49:
48:
39:
35:
34:
28:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1168:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1019:
1016:
985:
984:9782227492707
981:
977:
973:
972:
969:
967:
963:
959:
955:
952:
948:
944:
940:
937:
933:
929:
925:
922:
918:
914:
910:
909:
900:
897:
894:
891:
890:
875:September 15,
871:
867:
860:
844:
840:
834:
826:
822:
816:
808:
801:
790:
786:
780:
772:
765:
749:
745:
741:
734:
718:
714:
707:
700:
684:
680:
673:
665:
658:
656:
647:
643:
637:
635:
626:
622:
618:
611:
607:
597:
596:
592:
591:
585:
584:
580:
570:
568:
562:
558:
556:
552:
551:
540:
538:
534:
524:
522:
518:
514:
510:
505:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
482:
480:
475:
471:
467:
460:Circumstances
457:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
422:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
376:
375:
373:
367:
364:
362:
361:Oued Bouaicha
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
248:
247:
245:
239:
236:
234:
231:
229:
226:
224:
221:
219:
216:
214:
211:
209:
206:
204:
201:
199:
196:
194:
191:
189:
186:
185:
184:
183:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
147:
144:
142:
139:
138:
136:
131:
126:
116:
111:
109:
104:
102:
97:
96:
93:
84:
80:
77:
73:
70:
69:Oran, Algeria
66:
64:
60:
57:
54:
50:
47:
46:Algerian Army
43:
40:
36:
33:
30:21 May 1996,
29:
25:
20:
988:
975:
957:
942:
927:
912:
873:. Retrieved
869:
859:
847:. Retrieved
842:
833:
825:the original
815:
800:
788:
779:
764:
752:. Retrieved
748:the original
743:
733:
721:. Retrieved
716:
712:
699:
687:. Retrieved
682:
672:
646:the original
625:the original
620:
610:
594:
576:
563:
559:
548:
546:
530:
506:
483:
463:
453:
427:
371:
370:
351:2nd Relizane
346:1st Relizane
341:Sid El-Antri
321:Beni Messous
255:
243:
242:
181:
180:
134:
52:Venerated in
1010: /
849:December 8,
723:17 December
203:Berrouaghia
44:or regular
38:Martyred by
1025:Categories
995:36°17′44″N
754:2 November
689:12 January
603:References
519:(today in
384:Beni Ounif
356:Sidi-Hamed
336:Sidi Daoud
296:Si Zerrouk
261:Tamesguida
998:2°42′56″E
550:La Stampa
547:In 2008,
527:The monks
470:monastery
432:from the
281:Chouardia
256:Tibhirine
228:Ain Defla
198:Ain Allah
156:1992 coup
63:Beatified
588:See also
331:Bentalha
233:GhardaĂŻa
223:Serkadji
513:Morocco
502:Algiers
490:Algiers
442:Algeria
366:Tadjena
306:Souhane
251:Algiers
213:Algiers
188:Tazoult
166:Algiers
146:Guemmar
982:
964:
949:
934:
919:
719:: 1–18
521:Midelt
404:Sahara
291:M'sila
276:Omaria
266:Thalit
238:France
218:Sundus
709:(PDF)
479:Médéa
438:Médéa
409:SĂ©tif
193:Tenes
171:Blida
980:ISBN
962:ISBN
947:ISBN
932:ISBN
917:ISBN
877:2018
851:2018
756:2017
725:2023
691:2024
621:Time
494:Mass
316:Rais
27:Died
555:DRS
523:).
511:in
509:Fez
477:in
1027::
868:.
841:.
787:.
742:.
717:68
715:.
711:.
681:.
654:^
633:^
619:.
569:.
481:.
440:,
953:.
938:.
923:.
901:.
879:.
853:.
791:.
758:.
727:.
693:.
666:.
452:(
114:e
107:t
100:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.