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167:(royal canal) that transported water from Lele and Naldu rivers to the city of Patan. The water is led from the source to the spouts through a more than 530 metres (1,740 ft) long underground channel made of brick, 230 millimetres (9 in) to 300 millimetres (12 in) feet underground, 150 millimetres (6 in) to 180 millimetres (7 in) inches deep and about 100 millimetres (4 in) inches wide. At places where the channel makes a turn, there is a stone or brick bowl, filled with pebbles.
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110:) of the hiti is a rectangle of 4.40 metres (14.4 ft) deep, surrounded by a parapet. There are terraces on two levels, the lowest of which is 1.30 metres (4 ft 3 in) from the bottom. The spout area is 7.17 metres (23.5 ft) long. This includes a spout niche of about 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) deep. The spout area is 7.92 metres (26.0 ft) wide, with the niche being 3.75 metres (12.3 ft) wide.
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The works included repairing the inlet channel, while at the same time mapping it, not only for future maintenance, but also to be able to monitor future building activities that could damage the channel. Because the channel runs beneath a denselsy built area of the city, it could not be mapped
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The walls of the hiti are made of brick, with the edges lined with stone. The two terraces have their floors covered with telia tiles (traditional brick tiles from Nepal), while the bottom floor has stone tiles. The walls and floors of the basin have been made waterproof by coating them with an
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227:
From 23 November to 7 December 2018 the Micro
Galleries global arts initiative organised an event in the Nagbahal, Nakabahil and Swotha areas of Patan. A music workshop titled "Singing by a Water Fountain" in Nagbahal Hiti was part of the program.
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The entrance to the hiti is at the south corner: Behind a covered gate, a flight of stairs leads to the level of the lowest terrace, where it turns left to the bottom of the basin.
78:. In spite of efforts to restore this dhunge dhara, the water is no longer used by the majority of people in the area. However, the space is still being used for cultural events.
203:
The renovation was completed in
September 2008. It resulted in a marked increase of the water flow. More than 100 households in the area would reap the benefits of the project.
521:
by
Abigail Snyder, 2014 Borlaug-Ruan International Internship, ICIMOD, Lalitpur, Nepal and The World Food Prize Foundation, Des Moines, Iowa, retrieved 30 September 2019
290:
Buddhist
Monasteries of Nepal: Survey of Bahas and Bahis of Kathmandu Valley by John K. Locke, Sahayogi Press Pvt. Ltd., Tripureswar, Kathmandu, Nepal, 1985, p 56-58
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Not much is known about the history of
Nagbahal Hiti, but there is one indication of its age: A stele in a corner of the hiti basin, with four reliefs of different
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The source of
Nagbahal Hiti is the Khwayebahi aquifer southeast of the hiti, which in turn was fed by the Tikabhairav Canal, a 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) long
359:
by Rits-DMUCH, Ritsumeikan
University, Kyoto, Japan and Institute of Engineering, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal, 2012, retrieved 16 September 2019
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Unfortunately, the water has since been contaminated by sewage from a broken sewer line. Only people who do not know this are using the water now.
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in
Sourcebook of Alternative Technologies for Freshwater Augmentation in some Asian Countries (UNEP-IETC, 1998), retrieved 11 September 2019
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312:
55:
Nagbahal Hiti. The 8th-century stele is left of the bottom of the stairs, the life size Buddha statue is behind the grille door at the top
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entirely. Eight manholes were dug along the way for maintenance as well. The outlet channel of the hiti was unclogging and also fixed.
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21:
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After having been almost completely dry for 10 years, the Nag Bahal Hiti
Rehabilitation project restored the hiti, funded by the US
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490:
by Olivia Molden, Thesis presented to the
Department of Geography and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon, June 2015
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Stone Spout System Conservation, Rainwater Harvesting and Groundwater Recharge is a Boon for Lalitpur Metropolitan City people
642:
430:
by Yash Man Karmacharya/Sibesh Desar, Centre for Integrated Urban Development (CIUD, 24 April 2019, retrieved 10 April 2022
512:
Shortage in the Mountains of Plenty: Water Supply in Mountain and Hill Cities throughout the Hindu-Kush Himalayan Region
114:
almost foot-thick layer of a special type of black mud. This prevents water from the surrounding soil from seeping in.
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by Akira Furukawa (ed.), Sukra Sagar Shrestha, Amrit Bajracharya and Kanako Ogasawara, Vajra Books, Nepal, 2010,
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spouts are protruding from the east facing wall; one in the niche and two on both sides next to the niche. A
502:, Press Release by Ambassadors Fund for Cultural Preservation, SPACES Nepal NOV-DEC 2008, retrieved 16 April
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Inspection & Inventory Report On: Dyalko Bhagawan Temple, Golden Temple (Kwa: Bahal), Nag Baha: Hiti
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On 12 March 2016 and 26 February 2020 Group Dhaa (Drum) gave a concert inside Nagbahal Hiti during the
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Traditional Infrastructure, Modern Flows: Cultural Politics of Modernization in the Kathmandu Valley
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In 2014, the average discharge of water from Nagbahal Hiti was 103542.85 litres of water per day.
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132:(overflow reservoir) with two taps; one has the shape of a lion and the other of a lioness.
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The terraced space of Nagbahal Hiti has been used as a music venue on several occasions.
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328:
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Water Conduits in the Kathmandu Valley (2 vols.) by Raimund O.A. Becker-Ritterspach,
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335:, Published by Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India, 1995
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by Timothy Aryal, The Kathmandu Post, 21 November 2018, retrieved 11 April 2022
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The staircase of the hiti is dominated by a life size statue of the Buddha in
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In 1998, Nagbahal Hiti could produce up to 143424 litres of water per day.
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Stone Spouts : Possibility of Water Availability as Revived, at LSMC
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On 5 September 2015 there was a concert of Mohani Dhun at Nagbahal Hiti.
139:. The walls of the basin carry several reliefs, for instance a relief of
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by Julia A. B. Hegewald, South Asian Studies. No. 13, 1997, pp. 145-159
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can be seen above the middle spout. The south facing basin wall has a
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by Ar. Alex Shrestha, Healthy Life magazine, retrieved 11 April 2022
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by Ar. Jharna Joshi, SPACES Nepal NOV-DEC 2008, retrieved 16 April
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The Lotus Pool: Buddhist Water Sanctuaries in the Kathmandu Valley
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Mohani Dhun performed in Nagbahal 2072/5/19, with Kaushal Shakya
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with an illustrated story about the restoration of Nagbahal Hiti
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For 2015, an average daily flow of 108343 litres was measured.
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Disaster Risk Management for the Historic City of Patan, Nepal
603:; short documentary about the restoration of Nagbahal Hiti
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by Pukar Bhandari, 4/16/2073, retrieved 26 July 2019
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196:and supported by the Nagbahal Hiti User Group.
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74:, a former Buddhist monastery in the city of
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595:Online edition of SPACES Nepal NOV-DEC 2008
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581:, Micro Galleries, retrieved 11 April 2022
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471:, 7 August 2014, retrieved 6 February 2022
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194:Ambassadors Fund for Cultural Preservation
567:International art project comes to Patan
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457:Restoration of traditional stone spouts
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648:Water supply infrastructure in Nepal
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66:is an old, presumably 8th-century,
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613:360 degrees view of Nagbahal Hiti
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404:"Reviving Patan's royal canal"
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174:Woman at Nagbahal Hiti in 2014
98:, dates from the 8th century.
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445:Preserving the Nagbahal Hiti
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643:Drinking fountains in Nepal
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154:Two spouts of Nagbahal Hiti
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557:, retrieved 11 April 2022
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633:Lalitpur District, Nepal
543:Dhaa baja at Samyek 2016
555:Dha baja at Samyek 2020
70:(drinking fountain) in
37:27.675972°N 85.324194°E
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16:Stone spouts in Nepal
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345:Flooring Your Homes
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628:Newa architecture
607:Nagbahal hiti #27
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90:8th century stele
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411:. Retrieved
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259:Dhunge dhara
246:Nepal portal
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102:Architecture
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76:Patan, Nepal
68:dhunge dhara
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28:85°19′27.1″E
25:27°40′33.5″N
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188:Restoration
137:Abhayamudra
40: /
622:Categories
275:References
264:Tusha Hiti
145:Lokeshvara
369:Jarunhiti
269:Tutedhara
254:Alko Hiti
159:The water
130:tutedhara
515:Archived
484:Archived
413:22 March
232:See also
143:and two
72:Nagbahal
165:rajkulo
141:Ganesha
126:chaitya
108:hitigah
96:Buddhas
82:History
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331:
122:makara
120:Three
415:2021
373:ISBN
329:ISBN
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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