303:. Nail salon workers often report increased musculoskeletal symptoms such as neck, hand/wrist, lower back, and shoulder pain. Workplace factors can contribute to these symptoms such as poor body mechanics, repetitive movement, and work equipment. The repetitive and prolonged nature of nail salon work can lead to overuse and strain which may result in inflammation related injuries that are self-limiting. There is a lack of consistency in ergonomic training and knowledge of ergonomic hazards varies among workers in this industry. Some workers take pain relievers, practice yoga, stretch, walk/stand between clients, and/or adjust their posture during their work with customers. Other examples which are particular to
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232:, adequate supply of outdoor air should be about 20 cubic feet per minute per occupant. This necessitates multiple pathways for air to enter and exit the room. Such pathways include, but are not limited to, windows and doors. The study revealed that one-third of the surveyed nail salons had only one single door for ventilation with no secondary air pathway.
292:(OSHA) have shed light on the risks of working in this industry in recent years with recommended workplace health practices available online. These range from protective factors such as use of masks or improving ventilation to the substitution of certain products. The nail industry is complex with multiple products entering the market.
359:
Enacted in 1986, this proposition requires the state of
California to publish a list of chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm. All California businesses with ten or more employees must also provide "clear and reasonable" warning before exposing any individual to a
117:
Nail salons offer a variety of options for nail care, examples of which include acrylics, silk or fiberglass wraps, French manicures, polish, and pedicures. Some nail salons offer one-stop beauty services. In addition to nail services, one-stop nail salons offer facial treatments, waxing, and skin
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They come in usually with breathing problems, some symptoms similar to an allergy, and also asthma symptoms — they cannot breathe," he said during a break between patients this winter. "Judging from the symptoms with these women, it seems that they are either smokers, secondhand smokers or asthma
244:
Nail technicians use beauty products like nail polish, nail polish removers, artificial nails, adhesives, and disinfectants throughout the day. Compared to the average individual, they are exposed to the chemical ingredients the products contain on a much higher magnitude. Some of the more potent
336:
Enacted in 2005, this senate bill requires the full disclosure of all ingredients of products sold in
California to the California Department of Health Services. In addition, if the substances are known to cause cancer or reproductive harm, the products will be subject to investigation by the
223:
There is some evidence to suggest that nail salon workers are subjected to potentially unjust, hazardous working conditions. In surveys conducted on
Vietnamese-American nail salon workers, many responses suggested that the work environment may cause negative health consequences. According to
393:(EPA) the authority to regulate certain chemical substances. Currently, cosmetics are excluded from regulation under the TSCA but there have been campaign efforts that hope to extend the EPA's regulatory jurisdiction to include cosmetics.
235:
Due to the nature of salon work, many nail technicians are required to wear masks and gloves. Other surveys conducted on similar worker populations revealed that 90% of workers wore masks and 70% wore gloves to work.
262:
712:
Hao R, Sun J, Liu R, Zhao H, Yao Z, Wang H, Hao Z (January 2024). "Emission characteristics, environmental impact, and health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during manicure processes".
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are nonadjustable worktables and the low position of a customer's feet when they sit in the pedicure chair can pose an ergonomic hazard, where the worker has to often bend their neck and hunch back forward.
443:"Perfect Nails, Poisoned Workers Some ingredients used in nail products have been tied to cancer, miscarriages, lung diseases and other ailments. The industry has long fought regulations"
114:
services. Manicures are also offered by general beauty salons, spas, and hotels. People who work at nail salons are usually called nail technicians, manicurists, or nailists.
966:
514:
Roelofs C, Azaroff LS, Holcroft C, Nguyen H, Doan T (August 2008). "Results from a community-based occupational health survey of
Vietnamese-American nail salon workers".
471:
Quach T, Nguyen KD, Doan-Billings PA, Okahara L, Fan C, Reynolds P (October 2008). "A preliminary survey of
Vietnamese nail salon workers in Alameda County, California".
665:"A participatory approach to designing and implementing an occupational health intervention for the nail salon community in the Greater Philadelphia region"
125:, nail technicians must hold formal, state-recognized qualifications in order to be able to work at nail salons. Certifications must come from state board.
792:
Harris-Roberts J, Bowen J, Sumner J, Stocks-Greaves M, Bradshaw L, Fishwick D, Barber CM (August 2011). "Work-related symptoms in nail salon technicians".
284:
The nail salon industry in the United States consists mostly of immigrant-owned small businesses that face not only cultural/linguistic barriers but also
205:
Nail salon wages and working conditions in New York City, a major center for nail salons in North
America, are poor. In May 2015, an investigation by the
416:
417:"The Price of Nice Nails Manicurists are routinely underpaid and exploited, and endure ethnic bias and other abuse, The New York Times has found"
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265:, address worker rights and exposure concerns faced by nail technicians. These movements provide platforms for conversation regarding
559:"Biological and environmental exposure monitoring of volatile organic compounds among nail technicians in the Greater Boston area"
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844:"Factors influencing health and safety practices among Vietnamese nail salon technicians and owners: A qualitative study"
608:"Exposure of Nail Salon Workers to Phthalates, Di(2-ethylhexyl) Terephthalate, and Organophosphate Esters: A Pilot Study"
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Some solvents used, such as acetone and ethyl acetate, are very flammable and should not be used near any flame.
756:
Sanaat S, Holness DL, Arrandale VH (March 2021). "Health and Safety in Nail Salons: A Cross-Sectional Survey".
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Generally, those working in nail salons are referred to as nail technicians. In some areas throughout the
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831:. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Health Hazard Evaluation Report 2015-0139-3338.
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Huỳnh TB, Nguyễn DT, Vũ N, Robinson L, Trần E, Nguyễn N, Carroll-Scott A, Burstyn I (September 2023).
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Craig JA, Ceballos DM, Fruh V, Petropoulos ZE, Allen JG, Calafat AM, et al. (December 2019).
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and toxicological impacts on workers with few studies touching on the concern relating to
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Huynh TB, Doan N, Trinh N, Verdecias N, Stalford S, Caroll-Scott A (March 2019).
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Ceballos DM, Craig J, Fu X, Jia C, Chambers D, Chu MT, et al. (July 2019).
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patients, but they are none of the above. They work for nail salons.
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establishment that primarily offers nail care services such as
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deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
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Standard 62-1989: Ventilation for
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Cracked, Discolored Nails? Discover the ultimate solution
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investigation, had been productive but was incomplete.
917:"Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986"
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Relevant policies and regulations in the United States
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Much of the current research available focuses on the
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261:(DBP). Organizations and coalitions, such as the
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389:Enacted in 1976, this federal act provides the
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290:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
32:The examples and perspective in this article
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70:Learn how and when to remove this message
516:Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health
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181:Silk/fibreglass overlays and extensions
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16:Beauty salon specialising in nail care
919:. State of California. Archived from
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376:Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976
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46:, discuss the issue on the
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943:"FDsys - Browse USCODE"
632:10.1021/acs.est.9b02474
770:10.1093/annweh/wxaa078
681:10.1093/annweh/wxad044
441:Nir SM (May 8, 2015).
415:Nir SM (May 7, 2015).
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897:. State of California
892:"Senate Bill No. 484"
806:10.1093/occmed/kqr096
271:environmental justice
269:, which is a part of
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758:Ann Work Expo Health
669:Ann Work Expo Health
305:engineering controls
137:A Havana nail salon.
52:create a new article
44:improve this article
923:on 17 February 2009
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624:2019EnST...5314630C
618:(24): 14630–14637.
860:10.1002/ajim.22947
447:The New York Times
421:The New York Times
297:chemical exposures
255:ethyl methacrylate
240:Chemical exposures
219:Working conditions
193:Eyelash extensions
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301:ergonomics
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178:SNS nails
163:Pedicures
158:Manicures
112:skin care
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