1217:, entered the region. On 11 August 1937, the Republican government, now situated in Valencia, dismissed the Regional Council for the Defense of Aragon. Líster's division was prepared for an offensive on the Aragonese front, but they were also sent to subdue the collectives run by the CNT-UGT and in dismantling the collective structures created the previous twelve months. The offices of the CNT were destroyed, and all the equipment belonging to its collectives was redistributed to landowners. The CNT leadership not only refused to allow the anarchist columns on the Aragon front to leave the front to defend the collectives, but they failed to condemn the government's actions against the collectives, causing much conflict between it and the rank and file membership of the union.
4350:
4192:
1224:, a member of the CNT, as minister of education, and by this point, the only CNT member left in the cabinet. At this point, many in the CNT leadership were critical of participation in the government, seeing it as dominated by the Communists. Prominent CNT leaders went so far as to refer to Blanco as "sop of the libertarian movement" and "just one more Negrínist." On the other side, Blanco was responsible for installing other CNT members into the ministry of education, and stopping the spread of "Communist propaganda" by the ministry.
54:
1271:. There was much disagreement amongst factions of the CNT during these years. There was a major split after the National Committee inside Spain chose to support members of the Republican government in exile, while members of the Libertarian Movement in Exile (MLE) (basically the CNT-in-exile) stood against further collaboration with the government. Even Federica Montseny, who had joined the Republic as Minister of Health changed her stance on collaboration, describing the "futility of...participation in the government."
965:, where workers had proclaimed libertarian communism, two police officers were wounded, leading the government to send larger police forces to arrest rioters and stop the rebellion. Many peasants fled the town but a group of anarchists resisted arrest and were barricaded in the house of an anarchist, Francisco Cruz Gutiérrez. When the guards under the command of Captain Rojas arrived, they set the house on fire with the anarchists and their families still inside. Everyone inside the house was killed except for
1313:
66:
4839:
1079:
4752:
1895:
1071:
1402:
4802:
4762:
1289:, an agreement amongst politicians, political parties, and trade unions to plan how to operate the economy during the transition. In 1979, the CNT held its first congress since 1936 as well as several mass meetings, the most remarkable one in Montjuïc. Views put forward in this congress would set the pattern for the CNT's line of action for the following decades: no participation in union elections, no acceptance of state subsidies, no acknowledgment of
4782:
465:
4827:
1871:
844:. This support decreased progressively during the years between 1931 and 1933 because of constant confrontations with the republican authorities in the successive general strikes. The end of that period was marked by so-called revolutions of January and December, both of which were swiftly suppressed by the government. In those days the CNT functioned primarily in Catalonia, but was also gaining importance in other regions, such as
4742:
1982:, refine its organiser training methods and refocus its efforts on recruiting more members and electing more workplace representatives. Although this resulted in the growth of the organisation, a number of local branches rejected the changes, which they denounced as "reformist" and "un-democratic", and split off from the CNT. The strategic changes also caused conflict between the CNT and other members of the AIT, particulary the
4851:
1883:
4863:
1025:
Felguera. For organization of consumption a Supply
Committee was created, with street delegates established in the grocery stores who controlled the number of neighbors in each street and produced the distribution of food. This street-by-street control made it easy to determine the amount of bread and other goods needed. The Supply Committee managed the general control over the available stock, especially flour.
4792:
4772:
833:
1278:, at which the Sección Defensa Interior (DI) was created, to be partially funded by the CNT. By this point, a great majority of the CNT-in-exile had given up on political action as a tool, and one of the main goals of the DI was to assassinate Franco. These divergent attitudes combined with Franco's repression to weaken the organization, and the CNT lost influence among the population inside Spain.
1354:
prompting the dissident faction to establish self-defense units and eventually forcing the "official" sector of the CNT to prohibit further violence. At the CNT's
Barcelona Congress, held in January 1983, a dispute broke out between the two factions, as the pro-election "renovators" and anti-election "officials" held roughly equal voting shares. At a subsequent Extraordinary Congress, held in
414:
721:
a union of 2,500, which with 10 times more members would only have the right to 7 votes." Within the CNT this isn't considered a major problem, because agreements tend to reach consensus after long discussions. However, due to the nature of consensus decision-making, the final agreements consensed to may bear little resemblance to the initial proposals brought to the table.
1988:
1209:, the fall of Largo Caballero's government, and the new prime ministership of Juan Negrín soon led to the collapse of much that the CNT had achieved immediately following the rising the previous July. At the beginning of July, the Aragonese organizations of the Popular Front publicly declared their support for the alternative council in Aragon, led by their president,
2042:; they established a splinter organisation called the CNT-AIT, which received the official recognition of the AIT. The nascent CNT-AIT was organisationally weak, counting less than 1,000 members between a dozen local branches and carrying out no trade union activities. Since the split, the CNT-CIT and the CNT-AIT have remained actively hostile towards each other.
1199:
proposal by the leadership of the CNT-FAI, that called for the removal of the
Assault Guards, and no reprisals against libertarians that had participated in the conflict, in exchange for the dismantling of barricades, and end of the general strike. However, neither the PSUC or the Assault Guards gave up their positions, and according to historian
906:, Catalonia. In some places the workers took control of the streets and proclaimed libertarian communism replacing the republican flags with the red and black ones. The strike was suppressed by the use of the police and the military and several leading figures of the workers' side were arrested and some deported to Spanish colonies in Africa (
1168:, who was then overseeing public order, was maintaining secret prisons to hold anarchists, socialists, and other republicans, and either executing, or torturing them as "traitors". Soon after, on this pretext, Largo Caballero dissolved the Communist-controlled Junta de Defensa. Cazorla reacted by closing the offices of
1373:(CGT), which began to participate in union elections, while the CNT itself continued to oppose electoral participation. Participation in the union elections resulted in the growth of the CGT, which became one of the largest union centers in the country, while the CNT maintained a relatively small membership.
2126:"No hacemos distinción a la hora de la afiliación, los requisitos son: que seas trabajador o estudiante, en paro o en activo. Las únicas personas que no pueden afiliarse son aquellas que pertenecen algún cuerpo represivo (policías, militares, guardias de seguridad) ni empresarios u otros explotadores."
1958:
to reunify the two confederations, and staunchly refused to cooperate with any other organisation. On the other side, the syndicalist faction was chiefly concerned with the marginalisation of the CNT in the labour movement, which it believed to have resulted from its failure to organise trade unions.
720:
The CNT attempts to minimize this problem by a system of limited proportional voting. Even so, this system has some failures and may discriminate against unions with larger memberships. As an example, "ten unions with 25 adherents would total 250 members having 10 votes. This would be more votes than
706:
We find besides the problem of minorities. For example, union A decides to go on strike by 400 votes against 350, and would have to support its decision to strike, since that was the outcome of its assembly. Union B of the same local federation says no to the strike by 100 votes to 25. Union C of the
702:
If votes are by the number of members, a union of 2,000 members would have 2,000 votes, and 100 unions of 20 members would have the same voice in decisions as just one union. The geographical distribution of 100 unions is wider than that of just one, but an agreement obligates all unions equally even
1353:
In July 1980, delegates that supported electoral participation, representing 100 of the CNT's trade unions, established a commission to chart a new course for the CNT. The "official" sector of the CNT dismissed members of the commission, who also received death threats and were physically assaulted,
444:
Unlike organizations that are organized from the top down, the CNT organises itself in an anarchistic fashion, from the bottom up, through different levels of confederations, following the
Principle of Federation. The reason for favoring this structure is intended to limit homogeneity in committees,
1116:
of the government, he invited the CNT to join in the coalition of groups making up the national government. The CNT proposed instead that a
National Defense Council should be formed, led by Largo Caballero, and containing five members each from the CNT and UGT, and four "liberal republicans". When
429:
is formed for that industry, rather than multiple industry unions. A various posts union can include workers from different crafts and industries; it requires a minimum of five people. If this number cannot be reached, four or fewer workers can form a confederal group. Due to the small size of the
2220:
being responsible for their own destinies, settling on more or less delimited territories, participating in the richness of the society as a whole, federating as they like, becoming independent from the states; but we would oppose just as strongly the creation of a Basque, Palestinian, Saharan or
1198:
issued a pamphlet calling for "disarming of the paramilitary police… dissolution of the political parties…" and declared "Long live the social revolution! – Down with the counter-revolution!" The pamphlet was quickly denounced by the leadership of the CNT. The next day, the government agreed to a
1024:
In the El Llano barricade they proceeded to regularize life according CNT postulates: socialization of wealth and abolition of authority and capitalism. It was a brief experience of great interest, as the revolutionaries did not rule the town. ... A procedure was followed similar to the one in La
976:
during the Second
Spanish Republic was in December 1933 after the 1933 elections. It had its epicenter in Zaragoza and more generally in Aragon and La Rioja and it extended to parts of Extremadura, Andalusia, Catalonia and the mining basin of León. It lasted about a week before being completely
694:
The problem arises when decisions have to be made in local or regional plenaries or congresses. It has already been explained that the basic structure of the CNT is the industrial union branch, or where these do not exist, the union of various occupations. Well then, there is no completely fair
1300:
affected the CNT. An explosion killed three people in a
Barcelona night club. The authorities alleged that striking workers "blew themselves up", and arrested surviving strikers, implicating them in the crime. CNT members declared that the prosecution sought to criminalize their organization:
302:
The CNT says of its membership, "We make no distinction at the time of admission, we require only that you are a worker or a student, employed or unemployed. The only people who cannot join are those belonging to repressive organizations (police, military, security guards), employers or other
1043:
attacked the strikers. The strikers responded by looting shops, and the police reacted by attempting to suppress the strike. By the beginning of July, the CNT was still fighting, while the UGT had agreed to arbitration. In retaliation to the attacks by the
Falangists, anarchists killed three
1193:
overlooking the city. CNT militias disarmed more than 200 members of the security forces at their barricades, allowing only CNT vehicles to pass through. After unsuccessful appeals from the CNT leadership to end the fighting, the government began transferring
Assault Guard from the front to
548:
Direct representatives of the industry and various posts unions attend the CNT Congress with agreements from their own assemblies, independently from the local and regional levels. Among its duties, the
Congress has to decide upon the CNT general line of action, and can appoint new National
1159:
to suppress the Aragonese Regional Council. The Aragonese regional committee threatened to resign, which thwarted the censure effort. Though there had always been disagreements, that spring also saw a great escalation in confrontations between the CNT-FAI and the Communists. In Madrid,
448:
The different industry and various posts unions of a particular municipality constitute the local federation of unions that are coordinated by means of a local committee which has the same characteristics and powers as the union committees. The local committee is selected in the local
756:
of the bourgeoisie". The CNT started small, counting 26,571 members represented through several trade unions and other confederations. In 1911, coinciding with its first congress, the CNT initiated a general strike that provoked a Barcelona judge to declare the union illegal.
735:
1096:
established an equal opportunity for women in a society that traditionally had held women in lower regard. Women acquired power they had not previously had in Spanish society, fighting at the front and doing heavy jobs, things that had been forbidden to them until then.
707:
local federation says yes by a unanimous 15 votes. There are thus two unions in favour of the strike and one against, so a strike would be called if based on one vote per union. But adding the negative votes together, 450 voted against the strike, leaving 440 in favour.
1124:
In November, Caballero once again asked the CNT to become part of the government. The leadership of the CNT requested the finance and war ministries, as well as three others, but were given four posts, the ministries of health, justice, industry, and commerce. With
1959:
The syndicalists prioritised union activities and believed that anarcho-syndicalism needed to be updated for modern material conditions; they also advocated for cooperation with other organisations in industrial actions. The anarchist faction was largely led by
2195:
Anarcho-syndicalism is internationalist; it sees the world as a whole in spite of racial, language or cultural differences. In this sense, it opposes the oppression that the states exert over the people. We are against the Spanish state oppressing the
1133:, as minister of justice, abolished legal fees and destroyed all criminal files. Shortly afterwards, despite the disapproval of the anarchist ministers, the capital was moved from Madrid to Valencia. In Catalonia CNT was instrumental in preventing a
306:
As a union organization, and in accordance with its bylaws, the aims of the CNT are to "develop a sense of solidarity among workers", hoping to improve their conditions under the current social system, prepare them for future emancipation, when the
1039:'s attempts to persuade the union to stand in unity with the UGT. On 1 June, the CNT joined the UGT in declaring a strike of "building workers, mechanics, and lift operators." A demonstration was held, 70,000 workers strong. Members of the
425:(sometimes referred to as "branch unions") form the base structure of the CNT. Each industrial union groups together workers of different crafts within an industry. When there are fewer than 25 people working in one particular industry, a
3823:
linked). Direct quotations in this article follow Stein's wording for passages he has translated. Note that the pagination of the linked PDF places two pages of the pamphlet on each PDF page; cited page numbers follow the pamphlet
752:(Workers' Solidarity) with the objective of constituting an opposing force to the then-majority trade union, the socialist UGT and "to speed up the economic emancipation of the working class through the revolutionary
1253:
outlawed the CNT and expropriated its assets. At that time the organization had a million members and a large infrastructure. According to one estimate, roughly 160,000–180,000 members of the CNT were killed by the
1967:, people who were experienced in organising and were easily replaceable. Both factions competed for control over the organisation, causing internal conflicts that disrupted operations and even drove away members.
3854:
1727:
1181:
in the Catalan government made several demands that provoked the ire of the anarchists, in particular the call for turning all weapons over to the control of the government. The 8 April 1937 issue of
2015:(FAU), were expelled from the AIT; they were the three largest union federations in the international, representing up to 90% of its working membership. In 2018, the CNT, USI and FAU established the
582:. While pure consensus is plausible for individual base unions, higher levels of organizations cannot completely avoid the need for some type of vote, which is always done openly by a show of hands.
699:
If each union gets one vote, a union of 1,000 members would have the same voice in decisions as a union of 50. Two unions of 25 (2 votes) could impose their will upon a union of 1,000 (1 vote).
1358:
in March-April 1983, the "officials" blocked the "renovators" from speaking or voting, resulting in the passage of anti-electoral resolutions. The "renovators", including general secretary
824:(connection) with the CNT, that is, the presence of FAI elements in the CNT, encouraging the labor union not to move away from its anarchist principles, an influence that continues today.
453:
assembly to which every industry and various posts union can send delegations with written agreements previously adopted in their assembly. CNT has Local Federations in Madrid, Barcelona,
1335:
outlined the new structure for Spanish society and was approved by all social movements, with the exception of the CNT, which refused to ratify it. The pacts established a new system of
558:("Workers' Solidarity") is the journal of the Regional Confederation of Labor of Catalonia. It was established in 1907, being the oldest communication medium of the CNT. Other media are
1994:
1117:
this proposal was declined, the CNT decided not to join the government. However, in Catalonia, the CNT joined the Central Committee of the Anti-Fascist Militias, which joined the
2803:
992:(at which point membership in the CNT reached 1.58 million) the CNT participated only from the background. However, the CNT's Regional Confederation of Labor of Asturias,
2845:
1152:. 456 delegates, representing more than 141,000 collective members, attended the congress. The congress was also attended by delegates of the National Committee of the CNT.
2906:
1963:, who acted as unifying forces within their organisations and were driven by their visions of a future anarchist society. In contrast, the syndicalist faction was led by
1231:
coup overthrowing the government of the Socialist Juan Negrín. Those involved included the CNT's Eduardo Val and José Manuel González Marín serving on the council, while
1722:
874:
were constant and difficult to analyze because of the decentralized and sectorial nature of the organization. Finally, in 1931 a group of moderates published the
1339:, in which workers in a given workplace would elect union representatives to negotiate with their employers. By the 1980s, the issue of participation in these
1925:
1035:
The CNT held a congress in Saragossa on 1 May 1936, ratifying the position that the union should make no pacts with any political party, despite UGT leader
1185:
opined, "We have made too many concessions and have reached the moment of turning off the tap". In May, the CNT's Barcelona regional committee declared a
985:
4487:
1983:
1105:, informal ceremonies in which the couples declared their status, and that could be annulled if both parties didn't want to continue their relationship.
4349:
3694:
1707:
390:
without the action of such intermediaries as official state organisms or professional unionists. This is why the union criticizes union elections and
1340:
1261:
The CNT acted clandestinely inside Spain during the Franco years, as well as conducting activities from exile, and some members kept on fighting the
445:
and keep them from having politics or programs. It is also intended to minimize the power of individuals who may be more active in the organization.
2105:
945:. By 8 January the revolution had spread to most of Spain reaching its greatest resonance in Andalusia. The revolution was violently suppressed: in
17:
4888:
4530:
4883:
3786:
2035:(FORA). At the time of its founding, the new international counted 10,000 working members, of which the CNT itself represented 5,000 members.
4537:
3640:
969:
and a little boy. The police then gathered all villagers who owned a gun, marched them to the ashes of the burned house and shot them dead.
789:(later International Workers' Association) was founded in Berlin; the CNT joined immediately. However, the following year, with the rise of
4918:
4898:
1772:
703:
though a small union would have the same responsibility to enforce it as a big union, in spite of the greater difficulty for the small one.
398:. Also, when possible, the CNT avoids taking legal action through the courts. Administrative positions in the union rotate and are unpaid.
578:
The CNT generally avoids bringing matters to a vote, preferring consensus decision-making, which it considers to be more in tune with its
264:
4923:
2795:
4913:
4903:
4469:
4457:
4258:
3736:
Anarchism and Political Change in Spain: Schism, Polarisation and Reconstruction of the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo, 1939-1979
2151:
2032:
1918:
323:. The CNT is also concerned with issues beyond the working class, desiring a radical transformation of society through revolutionary
3305:
3294:
3279:
2832:
768:(employing thugs to intimidate active unionists), causing a spiral of violence which significantly affected the trade union. These
4525:
4513:
1737:
1717:
1370:
973:
899:
953:
retook control of the town and killed 10 peasants while also detaining 250 more. The most well-known case of repression was the
922:
260:
1134:
4928:
4549:
4299:
4032:
3904:
3683:
3629:
2876:
2664:
2639:
2614:
2555:
2016:
1274:
In January 1960, the MLE was formed by the CNT, the FAI, and the FIJL. In September of the next year, a congress was held in
748:
291:
251:
193:
87:
579:
3639:
Las Heras, Jon; Roca, Beltrán (2023). "New practices in industrial relations: radical unionism in the European periphery".
1999:
1911:
1178:
2903:
1369:
banned the dissident faction from using the name of the CNT. The pro-electoral faction subsequently reorganised into the
1149:
1000:
actively participated in the revolution because of its loyalty to workers' alliances, this time formalized through the
805:
441:. These assemblies may address any number of issues, whether "local, provincial, regional, national or international".
31:
2255:
1005:
785:, which paralyzed 70% of industry in Catalonia in 1919, the year the CNT reached a membership of 700,000. In 1922 the
4933:
4157:
4135:
4116:
4097:
4073:
4051:
4013:
3994:
3971:
3949:
3927:
3882:
3863:
3839:
3775:
3747:
2991:
2779:
2754:
2714:
2689:
2593:
1747:
4249:
4595:
4441:
1228:
760:
From 1918 on the CNT grew stronger. Around that time, panic spread among employers, giving rise to the practice of
988:
were marked by mostly clandestine CNT activity, in the face of severe government repression. During the socialist
4543:
4519:
4475:
2385:
2028:
1609:
1328:
1282:
1170:
907:
554:
3330:
1164:, who was then a member of the CNT, and director of prisons in Madrid, published accusations that the Communist
1045:
925:
was carried out by the CNT. The first acts of the insurrection took place on January 1, with bombs exploding in
1938:
By the 21st century, the CNT had split into two factions: the anarchist faction, which saw the CNT mainly as a
3662:
Esenwein, George (2023). "Spain in Revolt: The Revolutionary Legacy of Anarchism and Anarcho-Syndicalism". In
2061:
2056:
267:. Despite several decades when the organization was illegal in Spain, the CNT continues to participate in the
3723:
1316:
1161:
958:
774:
were known to have killed 21 union leaders in 48 hours. The CNT had an outstanding role in the events of the
339:
society. The CNT draws inspiration from anarchist ideas, and also identifies with the struggles of different
1001:
4499:
2415:
1757:
1385:
549:
Committees. The initial constitutional congress was in September 1911, a year after the CNT's foundation.
437:: decisions are taken by all of the workers of the union in question via a system of direct democracy and
4434:
4222:
4211:
3322:
2097:
2051:
1830:
1787:
1466:
981:
367:
344:
312:
272:
239:
115:
3942:
My Granny Made Me an Anarchist: The Cultural and Political Formation of a west of Scotland 'baby-boomer'
4817:
3613:
1674:
1061:
2869:
República y Guerra Civil. Vol. 8 de la Historia de España, dirigida por Josep Fontana y Ramón Villares
2657:
República y Guerra Civil. Vol. 8 de la Historia de España, dirigida por Josep Fontana y Ramón Villares
2632:
República y Guerra Civil. Vol. 8 de la Historia de España, dirigida por Josep Fontana y Ramón Villares
2607:
República y Guerra Civil. Vol. 8 de la Historia de España, dirigida por Josep Fontana y Ramón Villares
1974:
in 2010. The congress resolved to reinforce the CNT's industrial action by hiring a technical team of
1659:
949:, where the workers had proclaimed libertarian communism after an intense combat with the police, the
4765:
4292:
2008:
1777:
1619:
1109:
438:
3795:
1964:
1782:
1401:
1345:
1121:
on 26 September. For the first time, three members of the CNT were also members of the government.
2130:
1304:
In 1996, the Economic and Social Council facilities in Madrid were squatted by 105 CNT militants.
4893:
4775:
4689:
3646:
3412:
2071:
1840:
1244:
1113:
1065:
841:
742:
In 1910, in the middle of the restoration, the CNT was founded in Barcelona in a congress of the
319:, and maintain relationships with other like-minded groups hoping for emancipation of the entire
268:
4694:
4493:
4409:
2012:
1947:
1939:
1810:
1742:
1456:
1366:
790:
3302:
3291:
3276:
4724:
4714:
4505:
3739:
3711:
3663:
3605:
2531:
1960:
1825:
1762:
1416:
954:
434:
379:
280:
4635:
2262:("CNT: another form of doing unionism"), official CNT site. Accessed online 6 January 2007.
1569:
1189:. The CNT controlled the majority of the city, including the heavy artillery on the hill of
1165:
1155:
At a plenary session of the CNT in March 1937, the national committee asked for a motion of
1130:
4908:
4805:
4450:
4388:
4285:
2373:
Cenit : órgano de la CNT-AIT Regional del Exterior : portavoz de la CNT de España
1446:
1235:'s 70th Division provided military support, and Melechor Rodríquez became mayor of Madrid.
962:
331:, the organization has outlined a social-economic system through the confederal concept of
2148:
1942:; and the syndicalist faction, which viewed the CNT as a workers' organisation for taking
1355:
8:
4570:
4555:
4378:
4363:
4334:
4087:
2066:
1855:
1805:
1767:
1461:
1451:
1393:
997:
950:
782:
422:
332:
308:
236:
3695:"Anarchism, anthropology and Andalucia: An Analysis of the CNT and the 'New Capitalism'"
818:. The FAI would play an important role during the following years through the so-called
4645:
4600:
4191:
4066:
I Couldn't Paint Golden Angels: Sixty Years of Commonplace Life and Anarchist Agitation
4044:
European Socialists Respond to Fascism: Ideology, Activism and Contingency in the 1930s
3983:
3916:
2205:
1664:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1255:
1206:
1195:
989:
352:
256:
1574:
1203:"carried out violent reprisals against libertarians" By 8 May, the fighting was over.
1030:
Manuel Villar, Anarchism in the Asturian Insurrection: The CNT and FAI in October 1934
993:
4620:
4580:
4383:
4368:
4339:
4153:
4131:
4112:
4093:
4069:
4047:
4028:
4009:
3990:
3967:
3945:
3923:
3900:
3878:
3859:
3849:
3835:
3771:
3743:
3715:
3702:
3679:
3625:
2987:
2872:
2775:
2750:
2710:
2685:
2660:
2635:
2610:
2589:
2551:
2221:
Kurdish state, with its police, army, currency, government and repressive instrument.
2209:
1955:
1943:
1815:
1599:
1504:
1494:
1126:
1087:
892:
394:
as means of control for managers, preferring workers' assemblies, union sections and
328:
4254:
3832:
Memory and Amnesia: The Role of the Spanish Civil War in the Transition to Democracy
3357:
2833:"The Anarchists of Casas Viejas/Spain 1808–1975/The Spanish Civil War (Book Review)"
1971:
1669:
1654:
1544:
1214:
1210:
4855:
4843:
4831:
4795:
4755:
4745:
4699:
4414:
4329:
3671:
3650:
3617:
2020:
1887:
1875:
1712:
1539:
1359:
966:
407:
340:
4610:
4575:
3312:("Third part: Grillo's song") 31 January 2006. All accessed online 6 January 2008.
433:
The decision-making power of the industry and various posts unions resides in the
335:, which consists of a series of general ideas proposed for the organization of an
4785:
4719:
4640:
4324:
4145:
3959:
3937:
2910:
2545:
2259:
2155:
2134:
1899:
1679:
1426:
1421:
1036:
977:
dominated by law enforcement and in some places by the intervention of the army.
891:, thirty in Spanish), and in 1932 Ángel Pestaña split from the CNT to create the
863:, launched in December 1931, but its publication was discontinued the next year.
815:
450:
4615:
4128:
El anarquismo en la insurrección de Asturias: la CNT y la FAI en octubre de 1934
3770:(in Spanish). Seville: Federación Local de Sindicatos de Sevilla de la CNT-AIT.
3654:
3275:
A series of three articles about the Scala Case from the CNT point of view: (1)
2550:. Groupe de recherches géographiques sur le Rif, G.R.G. Rif. 2005. p. 171.
1644:
1589:
1312:
1138:
387:
383:
4660:
4630:
4590:
4585:
4419:
4061:
2217:
2213:
2201:
1951:
1604:
1594:
1549:
1514:
1436:
1267:
1221:
1186:
1092:
915:
911:
840:
After the fall of the monarchy in 1931, the CNT offered minimal support to the
811:
360:
3675:
3621:
942:
4877:
4655:
4650:
4083:
3892:
3855:
Free Women of Spain: Anarchism and the Struggle for the Emancipation of Women
3719:
3604:
Correa, Felipe (2023). "The Global Revival of Anarchism and Syndicalism". In
3519:
3309:
3298:
3283:
2197:
1649:
1509:
1489:
1431:
1336:
1332:
1290:
1262:
1232:
1200:
1101:
became popular, although some parents' distrust produced the creation of the
903:
777:
426:
395:
391:
320:
172:
4234:
2158:("1977 Statutes of the CNT"), accessed online on Wikisource 31 January 2007.
1614:
4867:
4751:
4709:
4625:
4605:
4424:
3286:, ("The Scala Case. A trial against anarcho-syndicalism"), Jesús Martínez,
2252:
1835:
1689:
1684:
1579:
1559:
1554:
1297:
1286:
957:
which discredited the government partly leading to its electoral defeat in
763:
753:
1004:(UHP; Unite Brothers of the Proletariat) in the pact with the UGT and the
4684:
4463:
4429:
4393:
4309:
3552:
2038:
Meanwhile, local unions that had split from the CNT held a conference in
1970:
The internal conflict came to a head at the CNT's 10th Congress, held in
1850:
1845:
1752:
1584:
1564:
1521:
1227:
In March 1939, with the war nearly over, CNT leaders participated in the
1118:
1020:
there were short periods when anarchist communism was put into practice:
1009:
926:
786:
356:
324:
287:
185:
4781:
4263:
1894:
1220:
In April 1938, Juan Negrín was asked to form a government, and included
1190:
1078:
1070:
4373:
2039:
1820:
1441:
570:, edited by the Anselmo Lorenzo Foundation, which was created in 1987.
562:, the Graphic Arts, Media and Shows National Coordinator bulletin; the
375:
316:
276:
126:
980:
The two years governed by the coalition of the center to center-right
464:
4729:
4674:
2984:
Contra Companys, 1936. La frustración nacionalista ante la revolución
1979:
1098:
1040:
883:
876:
845:
743:
552:
All organs and trade unions within the CNT may have their own media.
348:
336:
246:
2393:
4679:
3509:
3507:
3323:"Los 117 detenidos de la CNT, en libertad tras prestar declaración"
2747:
Orden público y militarismo en la España constitucional (1812–1983)
2027:; CIT), which also attracted the affiliation of the North American
1499:
1362:, resigned in protest and joined the dissident faction of the CNT.
930:
4741:
4212:
Directorio de Sindicatos, Federaciones y Confederaciones de la CNT
2682:
De la calle al frente. El anarcosindicalismo en España (1931–1936)
2419:
1285:, the CNT was the only social movement to refuse to sign the 1977
1052:, and arrested David Antona and Cipriano Mera, two CNT militants.
1017:
836:
Evolution of the number of affiliates in the CNT from 1911 to 1937
53:
4704:
4402:
4214:(Directory of unions, federations, and confederations of the CNT)
3568:
2904:
Behind the Spanish barricades: reports from the Spanish Civil War
2871:(in Spanish). Barcelona: Crítica/Marcial Pons. pp. 116–117.
1484:
1275:
1156:
946:
934:
458:
454:
3504:
3468:
3444:
3432:
3345:
2416:"Origen de la Fundación de Estudios Libertarios Anselmo Lorenzo"
413:
2659:(in Spanish). Barcelona: Crítica/Marcial Pons. pp. 67–68.
2609:(in Spanish). Barcelona: Crítica/Marcial Pons. pp. 65–66.
1975:
1320:
1129:
became Minister of Health, the first female minister in Spain.
1049:
938:
849:
832:
4850:
4791:
4771:
4277:
1882:
1728:
Confédération Générale du Travail-Syndicaliste Révolutionnaire
4240:
3184:
3182:
1145:
856:
143:
65:
3794:. Johannesburg, South Africa: Zabalaza Books. Archived from
3580:
3492:
3480:
3456:
1194:
Barcelona, and even destroyers from Valencia. On 5 May, the
382:, and considers that work conflicts must be settled between
2634:(in Spanish). Barcelona: Crítica/Marcial Pons. p. 67.
2127:
1281:
After Franco's death in November 1975 and the beginning of
734:
566:, newspaper of the Regional Committee of the Exterior; and
4185:
3179:
3820:
3815:
were translated by Jeff Stein and published first in the
3388:
2285:
2283:
1238:
4203:
3542:
3540:
3538:
3378:
3376:
2270:
2268:
1946:. The anarchist faction concentrated on maintaining the
1144:
Halfway through February 1937, a congress took place in
430:
CNT, a majority of its unions are various posts unions.
4204:
Fundación de Estudios Libertarios Anselmo Lorenzo (FAL)
4150:
Anarchism: A History Of Libertarian Ideas And Movements
4175:
3277:
El Caso Scala. Un proceso contra el anarcosindicalismo
2749:(in Spanish). Madrid: Alianza Editorial. p. 357.
2280:
27:
Anarcho-syndicalist trade union confederation in Spain
4815:
3897:
The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936–1939
3535:
3400:
3373:
2982:
Enric Ucelay-Da Cal, Arnau González i Vilalta (ed.),
2265:
793:'s dictatorship, the labor union was again outlawed.
290:(AIT), in 2018, the CNT and other unions founded the
4006:
Labour and Socialist Movements in Europe Before 1914
2684:(in Spanish). Barcelona: Crítica. pp. 108–114.
1954:; it was opposed to any rapprochement with the CGT,
406:
The organizational structure of the CNT is based on
4488:
Confederation of Revolutionary Anarcho-Syndicalists
4274:), at the International Institute of Social History
2532:
Prensa y partidos politicos durante la II republica
3982:
3915:
2831:
2535:. Salamanca: Universidad de Salamanca, 1989. p. 87
1048:. The government then closed the CNT's centers in
4130:(in Spanish). Madrid: Fundación Anselmo Lorenzo.
3985:Anarchist Organisation: The History of the F.A.I.
3829:
3188:
2390:Fundación de Estudios Libertarios Anselmo Lorenzo
2371:, International Workingmen's Association (1983).
1376:
1307:
852:(where it had a higher membership than the UGT).
4875:
3642:Work and Employment Relations in Southern Europe
3301:("Second part: the trial") 31 January 2006; (3)
2707:La Segunda República. Esperanzas y frustraciones
1708:Asociación Continental Americana de Trabajadores
796:In 1927 with the "moderate" positioning of some
249:from groups brought together by the trade union
210:
2796:"Biografia de Maria Silva Cruz 'La Libertaria'"
2704:
4293:
4025:No Gods No Masters: An Anthology of Anarchism
3692:
3638:
3586:
3574:
3562:
3529:
3513:
3498:
3486:
3474:
3462:
3450:
3438:
3422:
3418:
3367:
3363:
3351:
3236:
2774:. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 18.
2581:
2579:
2517:
2457:
2366:
2325:
2301:
2289:
2274:
2237:
2167:
1984:Confederation of Russian Anarcho-Syndicalists
1919:
819:
803:
797:
775:
769:
761:
366:The CNT is rooted in three basic principles:
259:, which can be traced to the creation of the
230:
223:
130:(location changes with the General Secretary)
4111:(in Spanish). Barcelona: Editorial Planeta.
2233:
2231:
2229:
1773:Swedish Anarcho-syndicalist Youth Federation
1265:until 1948 through the guerrilla actions of
1213:. Four weeks later the 11th Division, under
1150:Regional Federation of Collectives of Aragon
695:method for making decisions through voting:
297:
271:, focusing its efforts on the principles of
263:in 1870 and its successor organization, the
3980:
2354:
417:Diagram of the CNT organizational structure
265:Federation of Workers of the Spanish Region
30:"CNT-FAI" redirects here. For the FAI, see
4538:Irish Transport and General Workers' Union
4300:
4286:
4190:
3848:
2946:
2648:
2576:
1926:
1912:
1086:The Civil War era also showed a spirit of
64:
52:
4259:International Institute of Social History
4027:. Translated by Sharkey, Paul. AK Press.
3872:
3248:
3200:
3149:
3137:
3125:
3113:
3085:
3083:
3002:
2226:
974:third insurrection carried out by the CNT
590:
4144:
3958:
3936:
3784:
3661:
3224:
2866:
2729:
2679:
2654:
2629:
2604:
2469:
2445:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2313:
2190:
2179:
1311:
1077:
1069:
831:
733:
463:
412:
255:, it significantly expanded the role of
225:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT)
4060:
3260:
2829:
2769:
2025:Confederación Internacional del Trabajo
870:, or FAI members, and the moderate non-
14:
4876:
4556:Sveriges Arbetares Centralorganisation
4470:Argentine Regional Workers' Federation
4458:International Workingmen's Association
4125:
4106:
4082:
4022:
3891:
3733:
3603:
3558:
3546:
3525:
3426:
3406:
3394:
3382:
3212:
3161:
3101:
3089:
3080:
3074:
3062:
3050:
3038:
3026:
3014:
2970:
2958:
2934:
2922:
2891:
2806:from the original on 24 September 2015
2744:
2709:. Madrid: History 16. pp. 67–68.
2505:
2493:
2481:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2033:Argentine Regional Workers' Federation
1950:of the organisation, in opposition to
1239:Franco era and transition to democracy
827:
787:International Workingmen's Association
4281:
4264:Footage of interviews with CNT-people
4003:
3913:
3899:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
3173:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2342:
2331:
2253:CNT: otra forma de hacer sindicalismo
2108:from the original on 26 November 2023
2017:International Confederation of Labour
1090:. The anarchist women's organization
292:International Confederation of Labour
194:International Confederation of Labour
4041:
3964:General Franco Made Me A 'Terrorist'
2570:
2547:تحولات الأرياف في جبال الريف بالمغرب
4919:Libertarian socialist organizations
4899:Anti-fascist organisations in Spain
3875:Anarchists in the Spanish Civil War
3830:Aguilar Fernández, Palomar (2002).
3765:
2434:
2095:
1044:bodyguards of the Falangist leader
902:organized by the CNT took place in
810:(FAI), an association of anarchist
24:
4889:International Workers' Association
4884:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo
4482:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo
3811:Excerpts from the 1998 edition of
3710:(2). Translated by Gemie, Sharif.
3668:The Cambridge History of Socialism
3610:The Cambridge History of Socialism
3303:Tercera parte. El canto del Grillo
2818:
2763:
2588:, p. 35, ed. 62, Barcelona, 1998,
2586:Diccionari d'Història de Catalunya
2368:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo
1753:International Workers' Association
1738:Confédération nationale du travail
1733:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo
729:
311:have been socialized, to practice
288:International Workers' Association
186:International Workers' Association
116:National trade union confederation
46:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo
25:
4945:
4924:Anarchist organizations in Europe
4168:
3670:. Vol. 1. pp. 380–410.
2098:"Founding of a New International"
2007:In 2016, the CNT, along with the
1956:believed there to be a conspiracy
1723:Confédération Générale du Travail
1718:Confederacion General del Trabajo
1293:, and support of union sections.
1251:Law of Political Responsibilities
1148:with the purpose of creating the
1112:'s assumption of the position of
859:, the CNT's organ was the weekly
286:Historically affiliated with the
4914:Anarchist organisations in Spain
4904:Trade unions established in 1910
4861:
4849:
4837:
4825:
4801:
4800:
4790:
4780:
4770:
4761:
4760:
4750:
4740:
4348:
4092:. Secker & Warburg/Octopus.
3922:. University of Missouri Press.
3333:from the original on 5 July 2024
2848:from the original on 5 July 2024
2772:The Victorious Counterrevolution
1893:
1881:
1869:
1400:
1055:
40:National Confederation of Labour
4544:Fagoppositionens Sammenslutning
4520:Industrial Workers of the World
4514:General Confederation of Labour
4476:Brazilian Workers Confederation
4307:
3693:Roca Martínez, Beltrán (2006).
3596:
3329:(in Spanish). 7 December 1996.
3315:
3266:
3254:
3242:
3230:
3218:
3206:
3194:
3167:
3155:
3143:
3131:
3119:
3107:
3095:
3068:
3056:
3044:
3032:
3020:
3008:
2996:
2976:
2964:
2952:
2940:
2928:
2916:
2897:
2885:
2860:
2788:
2738:
2723:
2705:Gil Pecharromán, Julio (1997).
2698:
2673:
2623:
2598:
2564:
2538:
2523:
2511:
2499:
2487:
2475:
2463:
2451:
2408:
2378:
2360:
2348:
2319:
2307:
2295:
2029:Industrial Workers of the World
1995:Union of Syndicalists of Poland
1371:General Confederation of Labour
1350:had caused a split in the CNT.
1329:Spanish transition to democracy
1283:Spain's transition to democracy
232:National Confederation of Labor
125:Carrer Emili Botey Alsina, 14,
18:National Confederation of Labor
4237:from the Kate Sharpley Library
4046:. Oxford University Press US.
2243:
2184:
2173:
2161:
2139:
2120:
2089:
1748:Free Workers' Union of Germany
1377:Split with the AIT (2010–2018)
1308:Split with the CGT (1979–1989)
584:
13:
1:
4250:Images of CNT-related posters
3290:online, 1 February 2006; (2)
2802:(in Spanish). 12 March 2011.
2082:
1006:Asturian Socialist Federation
866:Tensions between the radical
806:Federación Anarquista Ibérica
469:
32:Federación Anarquista Ibérica
4929:1910 establishments in Spain
4500:Norsk Syndikalistisk Forbund
4241:News and historical articles
3989:. Black Rose Books Limited.
3877:. Janus Publishing Company.
2418:(in Spanish). Archived from
2392:(in Spanish). Archived from
1758:Norsk Syndikalistisk Forbund
1046:José Antonio Primo de Rivera
401:
7:
3655:10.4337/9781789909548.00012
2913:, John Langdon-Davies, 1937
2149:Estatutos de la CNT de 1977
2052:1917 Spanish general strike
2045:
1788:Workers Solidarity Alliance
984:and the right to far-right
982:Partido Republicano Radical
881:, which would give rise to
327:. To achieve their goal of
10:
4950:
4042:Horn, Gerd-Rainer (1996).
3981:Gómez Casas, Juan (1986).
3873:Alexander, Robert (1999).
3817:Anarcho-Syndicalist Review
3614:Cambridge University Press
2830:Preston, Paul (May 1983).
2200:, in favor of the Basque,
1317:International Workers' Day
1242:
1229:National Defense Council's
1062:Spanish Revolution of 1936
1059:
1002:Uníos Hermanos Proletarios
990:Revolution of October 1934
724:
261:Spanish chapter of the IWA
29:
4737:
4668:
4564:
4449:
4401:
4357:
4346:
4317:
4255:CNT del Interior Archives
4107:Porcel, Baltasar (1978).
3918:Spain During World War II
3813:Anarcosindicalismo básico
3788:Basic Anarcho-Syndicalism
3785:CNT; Stein, Jeff (1998).
3768:Anarcosindicalismo básico
3676:10.1017/9781108611022.017
3622:10.1017/9781108611022.027
3587:Las Heras & Roca 2023
3575:Las Heras & Roca 2023
3563:Las Heras & Roca 2023
3530:Las Heras & Roca 2023
3514:Las Heras & Roca 2023
3499:Las Heras & Roca 2023
3439:Las Heras & Roca 2023
3419:Las Heras & Roca 2023
3364:Las Heras & Roca 2023
3292:Segunda parte. El proceso
2867:Casanova, Julián (2007).
2770:Seidman, Michael (2011).
2730:Casanova, Julián (1997).
2680:Casanova, Julián (1997).
2655:Casanova, Julián (2007).
2630:Casanova, Julián (2007).
2605:Casanova, Julián (2007).
2367:
2009:Italian Syndicalist Union
1778:Unione Sindacale Italiana
1137:, planned in November by
820:
804:
798:
776:
770:
762:
712:Basic Anarcho-syndicalism
587:
573:
510:
501: Catalonia-Balearics
472:
298:Organization and function
269:Spanish worker's movement
240:trade union confederation
231:
224:
205:
178:
166:
153:
135:
121:
111:
93:
83:
75:
63:
51:
44:
4934:Syndicalist trade unions
4435:Workers' self-management
3914:Bowen, Wayne H. (2006).
2133:11 December 2009 at the
2077:
2062:1929 Spanish coup d'état
2057:1926 Spanish coup d'état
1783:Union of Russian Workers
1467:Workers' self-management
468:Regional map of the CNT
368:workers' self-management
273:workers' self-management
45:
4690:Criticism of capitalism
4550:National Workers' Union
4126:Villar, Manuel (1994).
4023:Guérin, Daniel (2005).
3734:Torres, Maggie (2019).
3647:Edward Elgar Publishing
2745:Ballbé, Manuel (1983).
2154:7 February 2008 at the
2072:Labor movement in Spain
1841:Participatory economics
1245:Opposition to Francoism
1066:Revolutionary Catalonia
99:; 113 years ago
4695:Criticism of copyright
4410:Co-operative economics
4109:La revuelta permanente
3819:, then as a pamphlet (
3712:Lawrence & Wishart
3664:van der Linden, Marcel
3606:van der Linden, Marcel
3189:Aguilar Fernández 2002
2800:Portal Libertario Oaca
2529:Checa Godoy, Antonio.
2223:
2024:
1940:political organisation
1811:Collectivist anarchism
1457:Prefigurative politics
1367:Supreme Court of Spain
1324:
1135:Catalanist coup d'etat
1103:revolutionary weddings
1083:
1075:
1033:
933:, and street riots in
837:
791:Miguel Primo de Rivera
739:
718:
545:
418:
4715:Libertarian socialism
4506:Solidarity Federation
4068:. Oakland: AK Press.
3858:. Oakland: AK Press.
3850:Ackelsberg, Martha A.
3740:Sussex Academic Press
3308:13 September 2012 at
2193:
1826:Libertarian socialism
1763:Solidarity Federation
1417:Anti-authoritarianism
1315:
1296:One year before, the
1082:CNT Barcelona offices
1081:
1073:
1022:
955:Casas Viejas incident
835:
737:
692:
483: Aragon-La Rioja
467:
416:
4004:Geary, Dick (1989).
3729:on 28 February 2011.
3649:. pp. 137–162.
3616:. pp. 621–647.
3577:, pp. 147, 150.
3421:, pp. 147–148;
3297:9 September 2012 at
2909:5 April 2023 at the
2470:CNT & Stein 1998
2446:CNT & Stein 1998
2314:CNT & Stein 1998
2191:CNT & Stein 1998
2180:CNT & Stein 1998
1952:reformist tendencies
1888:Socialism portal
1876:Anarchism portal
1447:Industrial democracy
900:revolutionary strike
580:anarchist principles
495: Canary Islands
347:, but also supports
97:1 November 1910
58:CNT logo, since 2021
4494:Free Workers' Union
4430:Labour unionisation
4335:Revolutions of 1848
4268:De toekomst van '36
4235:Articles on the CNT
4152:. Broadview Press.
4089:Homage to Catalonia
4008:. Berg Publishers.
3801:on 27 February 2008
3532:, pp. 149–150.
3516:, pp. 149–150.
3477:, pp. 112–113.
3453:, pp. 111–112.
3441:, pp. 147–148.
3397:, pp. 206–207.
3370:, pp. 108–109.
3354:, pp. 108–109.
2422:on 25 February 2008
2396:on 14 December 2007
2258:8 June 2007 at the
2096:Eds (12 May 2018).
2067:Industrial unionism
2013:Free Workers' Union
1961:charismatic leaders
1900:Politics portal
1856:Synthesis anarchism
1806:Anarchist communism
1768:SAC Syndikalisterna
1743:Free Workers' Union
1452:Industrial unionism
1394:Anarcho-syndicalism
828:The Second Republic
489: Asturias-León
427:various posts union
333:anarchist communism
309:means of production
245:Founded in 1910 in
237:anarcho-syndicalist
88:Workers' Solidarity
41:
3966:. Christie Books.
3944:. Christie Books.
3834:. Berghahn Books.
3487:Roca Martínez 2006
3475:Roca Martínez 2006
3463:Roca Martínez 2006
3451:Roca Martínez 2006
3423:Roca Martínez 2006
3368:Roca Martínez 2006
3352:Roca Martínez 2006
3237:Roca Martínez 2006
3065:, pp. 266–267
3053:, pp. 263–264
2961:, pp. 146–147
2518:Roca Martínez 2006
2458:Roca Martínez 2006
2326:Roca Martínez 2006
2304:, pp. 109–110
2302:Roca Martínez 2006
2290:Roca Martínez 2006
2275:Roca Martínez 2006
2238:Roca Martínez 2006
2168:Roca Martínez 2006
1948:ideological purity
1325:
1196:Friends of Durruti
1183:Solidaridad Obrera
1179:Catalan Communists
1177:In Catalonia, the
1171:Solidaridad Obrera
1131:Juan García Oliver
1084:
1076:
1074:CNT Madrid offices
961:. During riots in
921:In January 1933 a
898:In January 1932 a
838:
802:(CNT members) the
749:Solidaridad Obrera
740:
555:Solidaridad Obrera
546:
419:
353:self-determination
257:anarchism in Spain
252:Solidaridad Obrera
39:
4813:
4812:
4508:(SF–IWA, Britain)
4502:(NSF–IAA, Norway)
4369:Council communism
4340:Utopian socialism
4272:The future of '36
4034:978-1-904859-25-3
3906:978-0-297-84832-5
3703:Anarchist Studies
3685:978-1-108-48134-2
3631:978-1-108-48134-2
2986:, Valencia 2012,
2878:978-84-8432-878-0
2666:978-84-8432-878-0
2641:978-84-8432-878-0
2616:978-84-8432-878-0
2557:978-9954-8232-1-7
1944:industrial action
1936:
1935:
1816:Council communism
1505:Solidarity action
1495:Industrial action
1356:Torrejón de Ardoz
1319:demonstration in
1256:Franco government
1162:Melchor Rodríguez
1127:Federica Montseny
1088:sexual revolution
893:Syndicalist Party
814:, was created in
738:The 1910 Congress
691:
690:
544:
543:
515: Extremadura
423:industrial unions
329:social revolution
219:
218:
168:General Secretary
16:(Redirected from
4941:
4866:
4865:
4864:
4854:
4853:
4842:
4841:
4840:
4830:
4829:
4828:
4821:
4804:
4803:
4796:Socialism portal
4794:
4784:
4776:Organized Labour
4774:
4766:Labour economics
4764:
4763:
4756:Communism portal
4754:
4746:Anarchism portal
4744:
4700:Critique of work
4531:IWW-South Africa
4484:(CNT–AIT, Spain)
4415:Labour economics
4352:
4330:Orthodox Marxism
4312:
4302:
4295:
4288:
4279:
4278:
4248:
4221:
4210:
4202:
4197:
4194:
4189:
4188:
4186:Official website
4179:
4174:CNT-CIT Website
4163:
4146:Woodcock, George
4141:
4122:
4103:
4079:
4057:
4038:
4019:
4000:
3988:
3977:
3960:Christie, Stuart
3955:
3938:Christie, Stuart
3933:
3921:
3910:
3888:
3869:
3845:
3810:
3808:
3806:
3800:
3793:
3781:
3753:
3730:
3728:
3722:. Archived from
3699:
3689:
3658:
3635:
3590:
3584:
3578:
3572:
3566:
3556:
3550:
3544:
3533:
3523:
3517:
3511:
3502:
3496:
3490:
3484:
3478:
3472:
3466:
3460:
3454:
3448:
3442:
3436:
3430:
3416:
3410:
3404:
3398:
3392:
3386:
3380:
3371:
3361:
3355:
3349:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3319:
3313:
3288:Revista Polémica
3282:29 June 2012 at
3274:
3270:
3264:
3258:
3252:
3246:
3240:
3234:
3228:
3222:
3216:
3210:
3204:
3198:
3192:
3186:
3177:
3171:
3165:
3159:
3153:
3147:
3141:
3135:
3129:
3123:
3117:
3111:
3105:
3099:
3093:
3087:
3078:
3072:
3066:
3060:
3054:
3048:
3042:
3036:
3030:
3024:
3018:
3012:
3006:
3000:
2994:
2980:
2974:
2968:
2962:
2956:
2950:
2944:
2938:
2932:
2926:
2920:
2914:
2901:
2895:
2889:
2883:
2882:
2864:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2835:
2827:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2767:
2761:
2760:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2702:
2696:
2695:
2677:
2671:
2670:
2652:
2646:
2645:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2602:
2596:
2583:
2574:
2568:
2562:
2561:
2542:
2536:
2527:
2521:
2515:
2509:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2485:
2479:
2473:
2467:
2461:
2455:
2449:
2443:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2401:
2382:
2376:
2370:
2369:
2364:
2358:
2355:Gómez Casas 1986
2352:
2346:
2340:
2329:
2323:
2317:
2311:
2305:
2299:
2293:
2287:
2278:
2272:
2263:
2251:
2247:
2241:
2235:
2224:
2188:
2182:
2177:
2171:
2165:
2159:
2147:
2143:
2137:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2093:
2003:
1992:
1928:
1921:
1914:
1898:
1897:
1886:
1885:
1874:
1873:
1872:
1713:Awareness League
1462:Workers' control
1404:
1381:
1380:
1349:
1031:
967:Maria Silva Cruz
823:
809:
801:
781:
773:
767:
714:
585:
560:La tira de papel
538:
532:
526:
520:
514:
506:
500:
494:
488:
482:
476:
470:
408:direct democracy
345:internationalist
341:social movements
234:
233:
227:
226:
215:
212:
198:
190:
158:
146:
131:
107:
105:
100:
68:
56:
42:
38:
21:
4949:
4948:
4944:
4943:
4942:
4940:
4939:
4938:
4874:
4873:
4872:
4862:
4860:
4848:
4838:
4836:
4826:
4824:
4816:
4814:
4809:
4786:Politics portal
4733:
4720:Post-capitalism
4664:
4560:
4552:(UON, Portugal)
4466:and affiliates
4445:
4397:
4353:
4344:
4325:Guild socialism
4313:
4308:
4306:
4266:, for the film
4246:
4243:from libcom.org
4219:
4208:
4200:
4195:
4184:
4183:
4177:
4171:
4166:
4160:
4138:
4119:
4100:
4076:
4062:Meltzer, Albert
4054:
4035:
4016:
3997:
3974:
3952:
3930:
3907:
3885:
3866:
3842:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3791:
3778:
3756:
3750:
3726:
3697:
3686:
3632:
3612:. Vol. 1.
3599:
3594:
3593:
3585:
3581:
3573:
3569:
3561:, p. 633;
3557:
3553:
3545:
3536:
3528:, p. 633;
3524:
3520:
3512:
3505:
3497:
3493:
3485:
3481:
3473:
3469:
3461:
3457:
3449:
3445:
3437:
3433:
3425:, p. 109;
3417:
3413:
3405:
3401:
3393:
3389:
3381:
3374:
3366:, p. 147;
3362:
3358:
3350:
3346:
3336:
3334:
3321:
3320:
3316:
3272:
3271:
3267:
3259:
3255:
3247:
3243:
3235:
3231:
3223:
3219:
3211:
3207:
3199:
3195:
3187:
3180:
3172:
3168:
3160:
3156:
3148:
3144:
3136:
3132:
3124:
3120:
3112:
3108:
3100:
3096:
3088:
3081:
3073:
3069:
3061:
3057:
3049:
3045:
3037:
3033:
3025:
3021:
3013:
3009:
3001:
2997:
2981:
2977:
2969:
2965:
2957:
2953:
2947:Ackelsberg 2005
2945:
2941:
2933:
2929:
2921:
2917:
2911:Wayback Machine
2902:
2898:
2890:
2886:
2879:
2865:
2861:
2851:
2849:
2828:
2819:
2809:
2807:
2794:
2793:
2789:
2782:
2768:
2764:
2757:
2743:
2739:
2728:
2724:
2717:
2703:
2699:
2692:
2678:
2674:
2667:
2653:
2649:
2642:
2628:
2624:
2617:
2603:
2599:
2584:
2577:
2569:
2565:
2558:
2544:
2543:
2539:
2528:
2524:
2516:
2512:
2504:
2500:
2492:
2488:
2480:
2476:
2468:
2464:
2456:
2452:
2444:
2435:
2425:
2423:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2399:
2397:
2386:"REVISTA BICEL"
2384:
2383:
2379:
2365:
2361:
2353:
2349:
2341:
2332:
2324:
2320:
2312:
2308:
2300:
2296:
2288:
2281:
2273:
2266:
2260:Wayback Machine
2249:
2248:
2244:
2236:
2227:
2189:
2185:
2178:
2174:
2166:
2162:
2156:Wayback Machine
2145:
2144:
2140:
2135:Wayback Machine
2125:
2121:
2111:
2109:
2094:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2048:
1997:
1993:(KRAS) and the
1986:
1932:
1892:
1880:
1870:
1868:
1861:
1860:
1801:
1793:
1792:
1703:
1695:
1694:
1535:
1527:
1526:
1480:
1472:
1471:
1427:Anti-militarism
1422:Anti-capitalism
1412:
1379:
1343:
1341:union elections
1310:
1298:1978 Scala Case
1247:
1241:
1110:Largo Caballero
1068:
1058:
1037:Largo Caballero
1032:
1029:
908:Spanish Morocco
842:Second Republic
830:
812:affinity groups
732:
730:The early years
727:
715:
710:
576:
540:
536:
534:
530:
528:
524:
522:
518:
516:
512:
508:
504:
502:
498:
496:
492:
490:
486:
484:
480:
478:
477: Andalusia
474:
404:
300:
235:) is a Spanish
209:
201:
196:
188:
169:
159:
156:
149:
142:
129:
103:
101:
98:
71:
59:
47:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4947:
4937:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4894:Anti-Francoism
4891:
4886:
4871:
4870:
4858:
4846:
4834:
4811:
4810:
4808:
4798:
4788:
4778:
4768:
4758:
4748:
4738:
4735:
4734:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4670:
4669:Related topics
4666:
4665:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4566:
4562:
4561:
4559:
4558:(SAC, Sweden)
4553:
4547:
4541:
4535:
4534:
4533:
4528:
4517:
4511:
4510:
4509:
4503:
4497:
4496:(FAU, Germany)
4491:
4490:(CRAS, Russia)
4485:
4479:
4473:
4461:
4455:
4453:
4447:
4446:
4444:
4439:
4438:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4420:General strike
4412:
4407:
4405:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4359:
4355:
4354:
4347:
4345:
4343:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4321:
4319:
4315:
4314:
4305:
4304:
4297:
4290:
4282:
4276:
4275:
4261:
4252:
4244:
4238:
4232:
4217:
4216:
4215:
4206:
4180:
4170:
4169:External links
4167:
4165:
4164:
4158:
4142:
4136:
4123:
4117:
4104:
4098:
4084:Orwell, George
4080:
4074:
4058:
4052:
4039:
4033:
4020:
4014:
4001:
3995:
3978:
3972:
3956:
3950:
3934:
3928:
3911:
3905:
3893:Beevor, Antony
3889:
3883:
3870:
3864:
3846:
3840:
3827:
3826:
3825:
3776:
3762:
3761:
3760:
3755:
3754:
3748:
3731:
3690:
3684:
3659:
3636:
3630:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3592:
3591:
3589:, p. 150.
3579:
3567:
3565:, p. 150.
3551:
3549:, p. 633.
3534:
3518:
3503:
3501:, p. 149.
3491:
3489:, p. 113.
3479:
3467:
3465:, p. 112.
3455:
3443:
3431:
3429:, p. 207.
3411:
3409:, p. 207.
3399:
3387:
3385:, p. 206.
3372:
3356:
3344:
3314:
3265:
3253:
3251:, p. 1094
3249:Alexander 1999
3241:
3229:
3217:
3205:
3203:, p. 1095
3201:Alexander 1999
3193:
3178:
3166:
3154:
3152:, p. 1055
3150:Alexander 1999
3142:
3138:Alexander 1999
3130:
3126:Alexander 1999
3118:
3114:Alexander 1999
3106:
3094:
3079:
3067:
3055:
3043:
3031:
3019:
3007:
3003:Alexander 1999
2995:
2975:
2963:
2951:
2939:
2927:
2915:
2896:
2884:
2877:
2859:
2817:
2787:
2780:
2762:
2755:
2737:
2734:. p. 109.
2722:
2715:
2697:
2690:
2672:
2665:
2647:
2640:
2622:
2615:
2597:
2575:
2563:
2556:
2537:
2522:
2510:
2498:
2486:
2474:
2462:
2450:
2433:
2407:
2377:
2359:
2347:
2330:
2318:
2306:
2294:
2279:
2264:
2242:
2225:
2218:Kurdish people
2183:
2172:
2160:
2138:
2119:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2047:
2044:
2031:(IWW) and the
2011:(USI) and the
1965:administrators
1934:
1933:
1931:
1930:
1923:
1916:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1890:
1878:
1863:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1802:
1800:Related topics
1799:
1798:
1795:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1522:Trade unionism
1519:
1518:
1517:
1515:General strike
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1437:Class conflict
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1397:
1396:
1390:
1389:
1378:
1375:
1337:works councils
1327:Following the
1309:
1306:
1291:works councils
1240:
1237:
1222:Segundo Blanco
1215:Enrique Líster
1211:Joaquín Ascaso
1187:general strike
1114:Prime Minister
1093:Mujeres Libres
1057:
1054:
1027:
959:1933 elections
912:Western Sahara
829:
826:
783:general strike
731:
728:
726:
723:
717:
716:
708:
704:
700:
689:
688:
685:
682:
678:
677:
674:
671:
667:
666:
663:
660:
656:
655:
652:
649:
645:
644:
641:
638:
634:
633:
630:
627:
623:
622:
619:
616:
612:
611:
608:
605:
601:
600:
597:
593:
592:
589:
588:Size of union
575:
572:
542:
541:
535:
529:
523:
517:
511:
509:
503:
497:
491:
485:
479:
473:
435:union assembly
403:
400:
392:works councils
299:
296:
217:
216:
207:
203:
202:
200:
199:
197:(2018–present)
191:
182:
180:
176:
175:
170:
167:
164:
163:
160:
154:
151:
150:
148:
147:
139:
137:
133:
132:
123:
119:
118:
113:
109:
108:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
77:
73:
72:
69:
61:
60:
57:
49:
48:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4946:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4869:
4859:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4845:
4835:
4833:
4823:
4822:
4819:
4807:
4799:
4797:
4793:
4789:
4787:
4783:
4779:
4777:
4773:
4769:
4767:
4759:
4757:
4753:
4749:
4747:
4743:
4739:
4736:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4667:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4563:
4557:
4554:
4551:
4548:
4546:(FS, Denmark)
4545:
4542:
4539:
4536:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4515:
4512:
4507:
4504:
4501:
4498:
4495:
4492:
4489:
4486:
4483:
4480:
4477:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4452:
4451:Organisations
4448:
4443:
4440:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4425:Labour rights
4423:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4404:
4400:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4356:
4351:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4322:
4320:
4316:
4311:
4303:
4298:
4296:
4291:
4289:
4284:
4283:
4280:
4273:
4269:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4245:
4242:
4239:
4236:
4233:
4230:
4226:
4225:
4224:Periódico CNT
4218:
4213:
4207:
4205:
4199:
4198:
4193:
4187:
4181:
4176:
4173:
4172:
4161:
4159:1-55111-629-4
4155:
4151:
4147:
4143:
4139:
4137:84-86864-15-1
4133:
4129:
4124:
4120:
4118:84-320-5643-X
4114:
4110:
4105:
4101:
4099:0-905712-45-5
4095:
4091:
4090:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4075:1-873176-93-7
4071:
4067:
4063:
4059:
4055:
4053:0-19-509374-7
4049:
4045:
4040:
4036:
4030:
4026:
4021:
4017:
4015:0-85496-705-2
4011:
4007:
4002:
3998:
3996:0-920057-38-1
3992:
3987:
3986:
3979:
3975:
3973:1-873976-19-4
3969:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3951:1-873976-14-3
3947:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3929:0-8262-1658-7
3925:
3920:
3919:
3912:
3908:
3902:
3898:
3894:
3890:
3886:
3884:1-85756-412-X
3880:
3876:
3871:
3867:
3865:1-902593-96-0
3861:
3857:
3856:
3851:
3847:
3843:
3841:1-57181-496-5
3837:
3833:
3828:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3797:
3790:
3789:
3783:
3782:
3779:
3777:84-920698-4-8
3773:
3769:
3764:
3763:
3759:Other sources
3758:
3757:
3751:
3749:9781845199364
3745:
3741:
3737:
3732:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3709:
3705:
3704:
3696:
3691:
3687:
3681:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3665:
3660:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3643:
3637:
3633:
3627:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3602:
3601:
3588:
3583:
3576:
3571:
3564:
3560:
3555:
3548:
3543:
3541:
3539:
3531:
3527:
3522:
3515:
3510:
3508:
3500:
3495:
3488:
3483:
3476:
3471:
3464:
3459:
3452:
3447:
3440:
3435:
3428:
3424:
3420:
3415:
3408:
3403:
3396:
3391:
3384:
3379:
3377:
3369:
3365:
3360:
3353:
3348:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3318:
3311:
3310:archive.today
3307:
3304:
3300:
3299:archive.today
3296:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3284:archive.today
3281:
3278:
3269:
3263:, p. 265
3262:
3257:
3250:
3245:
3239:, p. 108
3238:
3233:
3227:, p. 214
3226:
3225:Christie 2002
3221:
3215:, p. 674
3214:
3209:
3202:
3197:
3191:, p. 155
3190:
3185:
3183:
3176:, p. 248
3175:
3170:
3164:, p. 490
3163:
3158:
3151:
3146:
3140:, p. 978
3139:
3134:
3128:, p. 977
3127:
3122:
3116:, p. 976
3115:
3110:
3104:, p. 296
3103:
3098:
3092:, p. 295
3091:
3086:
3084:
3077:, p. 267
3076:
3071:
3064:
3059:
3052:
3047:
3041:, p. 261
3040:
3035:
3029:, p. 263
3028:
3023:
3017:, p. 260
3016:
3011:
3005:, p. 361
3004:
2999:
2993:
2992:9788437089157
2989:
2985:
2979:
2973:, p. 170
2972:
2967:
2960:
2955:
2949:, p. 167
2948:
2943:
2936:
2931:
2924:
2919:
2912:
2908:
2905:
2900:
2893:
2888:
2880:
2874:
2870:
2863:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2838:History Today
2834:
2826:
2824:
2822:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2791:
2783:
2781:9780299249632
2777:
2773:
2766:
2758:
2756:84-206-2378-4
2752:
2748:
2741:
2733:
2726:
2718:
2716:84-7679-319-7
2712:
2708:
2701:
2693:
2691:84-7423-836-6
2687:
2683:
2676:
2668:
2662:
2658:
2651:
2643:
2637:
2633:
2626:
2618:
2612:
2608:
2601:
2595:
2594:84-297-3521-6
2591:
2587:
2582:
2580:
2572:
2567:
2559:
2553:
2549:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2533:
2526:
2520:, p. 116
2519:
2514:
2507:
2502:
2495:
2490:
2483:
2478:
2471:
2466:
2460:, p. 111
2459:
2454:
2447:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2421:
2417:
2411:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2381:
2374:
2363:
2356:
2351:
2345:, p. 261
2344:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2328:, p. 115
2327:
2322:
2315:
2310:
2303:
2298:
2292:, p. 110
2291:
2286:
2284:
2277:, p. 109
2276:
2271:
2269:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2246:
2240:, p. 109
2239:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2222:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2198:Basque people
2192:
2187:
2181:
2176:
2170:, p. 106
2169:
2164:
2157:
2153:
2150:
2142:
2136:
2132:
2129:
2123:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2092:
2088:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2043:
2041:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1929:
1924:
1922:
1917:
1915:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1877:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1864:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1797:
1796:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1702:Organizations
1699:
1698:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1570:García Oliver
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1523:
1520:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1511:
1510:Strike action
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1490:Direct action
1488:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1432:Anti-politics
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1382:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1365:In 1989, the
1363:
1361:
1357:
1351:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1333:Moncloa Pacts
1330:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1279:
1277:
1272:
1270:
1269:
1264:
1263:Spanish State
1259:
1257:
1252:
1246:
1236:
1234:
1233:Cipriano Mera
1230:
1225:
1223:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1202:
1201:Antony Beevor
1197:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1122:
1120:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1094:
1089:
1080:
1072:
1067:
1063:
1056:The Civil War
1053:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1038:
1026:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
978:
975:
970:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
951:Guardia Civil
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
919:
917:
913:
909:
905:
904:Alt Llobregat
901:
896:
894:
890:
886:
885:
880:
879:of the Thirty
878:
873:
869:
864:
862:
858:
853:
851:
847:
843:
834:
825:
822:
817:
813:
808:
807:
800:
794:
792:
788:
784:
780:
779:
778:La Canadiense
772:
766:
765:
758:
755:
754:expropriation
751:
750:
745:
736:
722:
713:
705:
701:
698:
697:
696:
686:
683:
680:
679:
675:
672:
669:
668:
664:
661:
658:
657:
653:
650:
647:
646:
642:
639:
636:
635:
631:
628:
625:
624:
620:
617:
614:
613:
609:
606:
603:
602:
598:
595:
594:
586:
583:
581:
571:
569:
565:
561:
557:
556:
550:
527: Levante
521: Galicia
507: Central
471:
466:
462:
460:
456:
452:
446:
442:
440:
436:
431:
428:
424:
415:
411:
409:
399:
397:
396:direct action
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
364:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
343:. The CNT is
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
321:working class
318:
314:
310:
304:
303:exploiters".
295:
293:
289:
284:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
253:
248:
243:
241:
238:
228:
214:
208:
204:
195:
192:
187:
184:
183:
181:
177:
174:
173:Erika Conrado
171:
165:
161:
152:
145:
141:
140:
138:
134:
128:
124:
120:
117:
114:
110:
96:
92:
89:
86:
82:
78:
74:
67:
62:
55:
50:
43:
37:
33:
19:
4710:Labour power
4516:(CGT, Spain)
4481:
4271:
4267:
4228:
4223:
4220:(in Spanish)
4209:(in Spanish)
4201:(in Spanish)
4196:(in Spanish)
4178:(in Spanish)
4149:
4127:
4108:
4088:
4065:
4043:
4024:
4005:
3984:
3963:
3941:
3917:
3896:
3874:
3853:
3831:
3816:
3812:
3803:. Retrieved
3796:the original
3787:
3767:
3766:CNT (2001).
3735:
3724:the original
3707:
3701:
3667:
3641:
3609:
3597:Bibliography
3582:
3570:
3554:
3521:
3494:
3482:
3470:
3458:
3446:
3434:
3414:
3402:
3390:
3359:
3347:
3335:. Retrieved
3326:
3317:
3287:
3273:(in Spanish)
3268:
3261:Meltzer 1996
3256:
3244:
3232:
3220:
3208:
3196:
3169:
3157:
3145:
3133:
3121:
3109:
3097:
3070:
3058:
3046:
3034:
3022:
3010:
2998:
2983:
2978:
2966:
2954:
2942:
2937:, p. 48
2930:
2925:, p. 46
2918:
2899:
2894:, p. 24
2887:
2868:
2862:
2850:. Retrieved
2844:(5): 55–56.
2841:
2837:
2808:. Retrieved
2799:
2790:
2771:
2765:
2746:
2740:
2731:
2725:
2706:
2700:
2681:
2675:
2656:
2650:
2631:
2625:
2606:
2600:
2585:
2573:, p. 56
2566:
2546:
2540:
2530:
2525:
2513:
2508:, p. 17
2501:
2496:, p. 13
2489:
2484:, p. 15
2477:
2472:, p. 20
2465:
2453:
2448:, p. 21
2424:. Retrieved
2420:the original
2410:
2398:. Retrieved
2394:the original
2389:
2380:
2372:
2362:
2357:, p. 49
2350:
2321:
2316:, p. 14
2309:
2297:
2250:(in Spanish)
2245:
2194:
2186:
2175:
2163:
2146:(in Spanish)
2141:
2128:CNT website.
2122:
2110:. Retrieved
2102:Freedom News
2101:
2091:
2037:
2006:
1969:
1937:
1836:Neozapatismo
1732:
1364:
1352:
1326:
1303:
1295:
1287:Moncloa Pact
1280:
1273:
1266:
1260:
1250:
1249:In 1939 the
1248:
1226:
1219:
1207:These events
1205:
1182:
1176:
1169:
1166:José Cazorla
1154:
1143:
1139:Estat Català
1123:
1107:
1102:
1091:
1085:
1034:
1023:
1016:district of
1013:
979:
971:
963:Casas Viejas
920:
897:
888:
882:
875:
871:
867:
865:
860:
854:
839:
795:
764:pistolerismo
759:
747:
746:trade union
741:
719:
711:
693:
577:
567:
563:
559:
553:
551:
547:
533: Murcia
447:
443:
432:
420:
405:
371:
365:
349:communities'
315:amongst CNT
305:
301:
285:
250:
244:
222:
220:
179:Affiliations
122:Headquarters
76:Abbreviation
36:
4909:Syndicalism
4806:Syndicalism
4725:Revisionism
4685:Corporatism
4601:Griffuelhes
4460:(1864–1876)
4394:Sorelianism
4389:Nationalist
4310:Syndicalism
4247:(in French)
4229:CNT Journal
3714:: 106–130.
3559:Correa 2023
3547:Correa 2023
3526:Correa 2023
3427:Torres 2019
3407:Torres 2019
3395:Torres 2019
3383:Torres 2019
3213:Guérin 2005
3162:Beevor 2006
3102:Beevor 2006
3090:Beevor 2006
3075:Beevor 2006
3063:Beevor 2006
3051:Beevor 2006
3039:Beevor 2006
3027:Beevor 2006
3015:Beevor 2006
2971:Beevor 2006
2959:Beevor 2006
2935:Beevor 2006
2923:Beevor 2006
2892:Beevor 2006
2506:Beevor 2006
2494:Beevor 2006
2482:Beevor 2006
2112:26 November
1998: [
1987: [
1851:Sorelianism
1846:Platformism
1640:Petrichenko
1625:Novomirskii
1360:José Bondía
1344: [
1119:Generalitat
1010:La Felguera
1008:. Thus, in
943:Pedro Muñoz
927:La Fulguera
539: North
372:autogestión
357:sovereignty
325:syndicalism
317:collectives
294:(ICL-CIT).
189:(1922–2016)
155:Membership
94:Established
84:Predecessor
4878:Categories
4646:Pelloutier
4621:Lagardelle
4596:Fitzgerald
4442:Mutual aid
4374:De Leonism
4318:Precursors
3337:14 January
3174:Bowen 2006
2426:2 February
2400:2 February
2343:Geary 1989
2083:References
2040:Villalonga
1980:economists
1821:De Leonism
1630:Pelloutier
1595:Mainwaring
1442:Federalism
1243:See also:
1108:Following
1060:See also:
923:revolution
799:cenetistas
771:pistoleros
380:mutual aid
376:federalism
355:and their
313:mutual aid
281:mutual aid
277:federalism
127:Granollers
104:1910-11-01
70:CNT emblem
4856:Socialism
4844:Communism
4832:Anarchism
4730:Socialism
4675:Communism
4591:Delesalle
4581:De Ambris
4526:IWW-Chile
4403:Economics
4364:Anarchist
3805:7 January
3720:0967-3393
2852:13 August
2810:13 August
2571:Horn 1996
2206:Palestine
1831:Mutualism
1660:Santillán
1545:Ascaso J.
1540:Ascaso F.
1099:Free love
884:Treintism
877:Manifesto
861:Despertar
846:Andalusia
439:consensus
402:Structure
388:employees
384:employers
359:over the
351:right of
337:anarchist
247:Barcelona
4680:Copyleft
4641:Panunzio
4358:Variants
4182:CNT-AIT
4148:(2004).
4086:(1938).
4064:(1996).
3962:(2003).
3940:(2002).
3895:(2006).
3852:(2005).
3331:Archived
3327:El Mundo
3306:Archived
3295:Archived
3280:Archived
2907:Archived
2846:Archived
2804:Archived
2256:Archived
2152:Archived
2131:Archived
2106:Archived
2046:See also
1665:Schapiro
1600:Maksimov
1575:Gröndahl
1500:Sabotage
1479:Practice
1386:a series
1384:Part of
1323:in 2010.
1191:Montjuïc
1028:—
1014:El Llano
998:Palencia
931:Asturias
821:trabazón
816:Valencia
709:—
136:Location
4818:Portals
4705:Fascism
4631:Monatte
4616:Jouhaux
4611:Janvion
4606:Haywood
4586:De Leon
4540:(ITGWU)
4464:IWA–AIT
4379:Fascist
4257:at the
3824:itself.
3666:(ed.).
3608:(ed.).
2375:, CeNiT
2214:Tibetan
2210:Saharan
2202:Catalan
2021:Spanish
2004:(ZSP).
1976:lawyers
1972:Córdoba
1690:Yarchuk
1655:Rüdiger
1635:Pestaña
1605:Meltzer
1565:Dolgoff
1560:Chomsky
1550:Besnard
1485:Boycott
1276:Limoges
1157:censure
1041:Falange
1012:and in
947:Bugarra
935:Seville
889:treinta
872:faístas
868:faístas
744:Catalan
725:History
459:Seville
455:Granada
451:plenary
206:Website
102: (
4661:Valois
4651:Rocker
4636:García
4626:Larkin
4565:People
4522:(IWW)
4472:(FORA)
4156:
4134:
4115:
4096:
4072:
4050:
4031:
4012:
3993:
3970:
3948:
3926:
3903:
3881:
3862:
3838:
3774:
3746:
3718:
3682:
3628:
2990:
2875:
2778:
2753:
2713:
2688:
2663:
2638:
2613:
2592:
2554:
1685:Witkop
1680:Souchy
1650:Rocker
1645:Pouget
1620:Gandía
1610:Orobón
1590:Köster
1534:People
1411:Theory
1331:, the
1321:Bilbao
1268:maquis
1050:Madrid
939:Lleida
916:Guinea
887:(from
850:Aragon
591:Votes
574:Voting
537:
531:
525:
519:
513:
505:
499:
493:
487:
481:
475:
457:, and
279:, and
157:(2018)
4868:Spain
4656:Sorel
4576:Berth
4478:(COB)
4384:Green
3799:(PDF)
3792:(PDF)
3727:(PDF)
3698:(PDF)
2216:, or
2078:Notes
2002:]
1991:]
1670:Seguí
1615:Peiró
1585:Kater
1580:Leval
1555:Camus
1348:]
1146:Caspe
1018:Gijón
857:Ceuta
681:2,501
673:2,500
670:1,501
662:1,500
659:1,001
651:1,000
596:From
568:BICEL
564:Cenit
361:state
162:5,000
144:Spain
4571:Bain
4154:ISBN
4132:ISBN
4113:ISBN
4094:ISBN
4070:ISBN
4048:ISBN
4029:ISBN
4010:ISBN
3991:ISBN
3968:ISBN
3946:ISBN
3924:ISBN
3901:ISBN
3879:ISBN
3860:ISBN
3836:ISBN
3807:2008
3772:ISBN
3744:ISBN
3716:ISSN
3680:ISBN
3626:ISBN
3339:2008
2988:ISBN
2873:ISBN
2854:2015
2812:2015
2776:ISBN
2751:ISBN
2732:Ibid
2711:ISBN
2686:ISBN
2661:ISBN
2636:ISBN
2611:ISBN
2590:ISBN
2552:ISBN
2428:2008
2402:2008
2114:2023
1978:and
1675:Soto
1064:and
996:and
994:León
986:CEDA
972:The
941:and
914:and
848:and
684:more
421:The
386:and
378:and
221:The
112:Type
3821:PDF
3672:doi
3651:doi
3618:doi
918:).
855:In
648:601
640:600
637:301
629:300
626:101
618:100
599:To
461:.
370:or
363:.
242:.
213:.es
211:cnt
79:CNT
4880::
3742:.
3738:.
3708:14
3706:.
3700:.
3678:.
3645:.
3624:.
3537:^
3506:^
3375:^
3325:.
3181:^
3082:^
2842:33
2840:.
2836:.
2820:^
2798:.
2578:^
2436:^
2388:.
2333:^
2282:^
2267:^
2228:^
2212:,
2208:,
2204:,
2104:.
2100:.
2023::
2000:pl
1989:ru
1388:on
1346:es
1258:.
1174:.
1141:.
937:,
929:,
910:,
895:.
687:8
676:7
665:6
654:5
643:4
632:3
621:2
615:51
610:1
607:50
410:.
374:,
283:.
275:,
4820::
4301:e
4294:t
4287:v
4270:(
4231:)
4227:(
4162:.
4140:.
4121:.
4102:.
4078:.
4056:.
4037:.
4018:.
3999:.
3976:.
3954:.
3932:.
3909:.
3887:.
3868:.
3844:.
3809:.
3780:.
3752:.
3688:.
3674::
3657:.
3653::
3634:.
3620::
3341:.
2881:.
2856:.
2814:.
2784:.
2759:.
2719:.
2694:.
2669:.
2644:.
2619:.
2560:.
2430:.
2404:.
2116:.
2019:(
1927:e
1920:t
1913:v
604:1
229:(
106:)
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
