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National Council (Switzerland)

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2268:". Each citizen may cast as many votes as there are seats available to their constituency, and may even cast up to two votes for the same candidate. For every vote received by a candidate, that candidate's party also receives a vote. Voters also list a party vote, in which all blank candidate votes contribute towards the party's total. In elections, political parties publish lists in the cantons with their candidates. Each list contains at most the number of candidates which the canton is entitled to send to the National Council. In addition, each party can produce multiple lists to the canton (e.g. men's, women's, youth, or seniors' lists; in larger cantons they might offer lists for individual cities or districts). It is also possible for several parties to enter a single shared list. Voters may choose a pre-prepared party list without making changes or they can alter it by 2652: 472: 3998: 3084: 3112: 2381: 2389: 3168: 3336: 3140: 3056: 2692: 2370: 3028: 406: 2972: 2860: 232: 2944: 2832: 3224: 2748: 3364: 3308: 3252: 3196: 2888: 2804: 3000: 124: 3392: 3280: 2720: 2916: 2776: 5830: 2033: 5818: 2552:
Sometimes, after the first reading, the National Council and the Council of States end up producing different texts, in which case a difference resolution procedure takes place, in which the bill is sent back and forth between the two councils. After a bill has been sent back three successive times,
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Since the reform of the census system and the adoption of the use of government administrative data for determining the population in 2007, the distribution of the seats in the National Council between the cantons has been based on the permanent resident population (including residents who are not
2544:
The National Council and the Council of States are constitutionally completely equal - a bill is only law when it has been accepted by both councils in the same version. All business is considered by both councils in turn. The presidents of the councils decide together which council will handle a
2428:) on the last Monday in November. During the sessions, proposed legislation is debated. If there is not enough time in the regular sessions, an extra session can be convened. In special situations (political crises, wars, etc.) a quarter of the members of one of the two councils or the 2404:. The National Council, together with the Council of States, forms the Federal Parliament and exercises the highest legal authority in Switzerland, subject to the rights of the people and the cantons. Both chambers of the Federal Parliament are called "councils" ( 2408:). The National Council and the Council of States do not meet daily, but meet regularly for sessions. Usually, there are four sessions in a year, each lasting three weeks, with between two and five sittings per week. The spring session ( 2276:. Thus, the voter can give his vote to a specific candidate and ignore the rest of that candidate's party. Alternatively, it is possible for the voter to split his or her vote among several candidates from different parties. 2174:. According to the provisions of the federal constitution at that time, a canton was to receive one National Council member for every 20,000 citizens. Thus, the first National Council, which met in 1848, had 111 members. 4972: 2089: 4837: 4977: 2177:
In 1963, the number of members was fixed at 200. The division of the seats between the individual cantons is determined by each canton's percentage of the national population, as revealed in the
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With 200 members, the National Council is the larger house of the Swiss legislature. It represents the people, the vote of each citizen having more or less the same weight, whereas the
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closely matches the number of deputies a canton needs to elect. More exactly, this number represents the average number of valid votes per voter. The formula can then be summed up by:
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The result is the number of fictional voters for a given party in a given canton. A total number of fictional voters can then be established and the party strength can be deduced.
4987: 598: 2567:, who leads sessions of the National Council and joint sessions of the National Council and the Council of States. This office is distinct from and ranks lower than the 5087: 3448: 156: 5701: 3580: 2292: 5860: 5032: 3676: 2432:
can convene an extraordinary session. To date, there have been eight extraordinary sessions, most of them called by the social democratic parliamentary group.
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When the Swiss federation was founded in 1848, the number of seats was not yet fixed, and was thus determined by the population of the individual
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entitled to vote) in the year following the most recent federal election. There is a proviso that each canton is entitled to at least one seat.
5565: 5295: 2303:. This system is unique in that it allows voters to split their vote across different parties, depending on which candidate the voter prefers. 2311:
To determine a party's strength, the notion of "fictional voter" was introduced and is defined by the Swiss Federal Statistical Institute as:
5380: 3793: 1938: 5350: 4959: 4915: 3860: 1968: 1859: 512: 312: 1953: 5515: 5257: 4842: 3955: 1913: 1134: 5666: 1898: 4275: 1983: 1864: 1678: 5795: 5375: 5370: 2147:, for four year terms. These members are apportioned to the Swiss cantons in proportion to their population. Both houses meet in the 1978: 1958: 5790: 5555: 4426: 1963: 1923: 1704: 1219: 614: 1903: 5855: 5850: 5640: 5630: 5610: 5390: 5252: 4209: 1988: 1948: 1009: 321: 5696: 5570: 5495: 5360: 5272: 4512: 4270: 2018: 2003: 1993: 1973: 1933: 1928: 1893: 1174: 1074: 362: 258: 167: 2043: 5676: 5648: 5575: 4517: 4360: 4235: 3576: 2063: 1887: 1673: 1084: 573: 2562: 5711: 5706: 5691: 5420: 5305: 5212: 5192: 4700: 4355: 4330: 3654: 2568: 2008: 1943: 1918: 1668: 1239: 1089: 984: 969: 944: 939: 929: 537: 5560: 5470: 5182: 5141: 3933: 2013: 1998: 5480: 5315: 5300: 5237: 4640: 4230: 3980: 3636: 3443: 1683: 1179: 1144: 1064: 294: 5410: 3567: 5580: 5545: 5450: 5320: 4605: 4537: 4431: 3965: 3950: 1554: 1334: 1189: 911: 5671: 5585: 5535: 5445: 5385: 5232: 4908: 4660: 4494: 4342: 3853: 2056: 1697: 1099: 1059: 994: 453: 5772: 5510: 5435: 4949: 4832: 4588: 4574: 4557: 4467: 4419: 4250: 3975: 2521: 2164: 2137: 1079: 1054: 999: 594: 2257:. Cantons which are only entitled to send one councillor to the National Council elect the candidate who wins a 5865: 5785: 5767: 5731: 5658: 5475: 5134: 5057: 4936: 4810: 4690: 4675: 4409: 4399: 4389: 4260: 3960: 2129: 1204: 586: 5590: 5525: 5395: 5330: 5310: 5290: 5242: 5177: 5052: 4670: 4562: 4350: 4325: 4285: 4202: 4197: 3987: 3970: 2502: 2148: 1882: 1660: 1209: 1164: 1094: 1044: 505: 413: 5092: 5027: 3758: 5615: 5540: 5530: 5500: 5355: 5345: 5340: 5227: 5202: 5037: 4982: 4487: 4265: 3913: 3908: 3438: 2397: 303: 267: 5681: 3541: 2253:
The number of seats given to the cantons which are entitled to more than one seat is determined using the
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Unlike the upper house where no translation is provided, simultaneous translation is provided into
2182: 628: 5077: 5067: 5002: 4967: 4822: 4600: 4532: 4303: 3923: 3799: 462: 249: 207: 3833: 5686: 4868: 4861: 4715: 4680: 4542: 4477: 4455: 4245: 4225: 4138: 4068: 4053: 3890: 3873: 3798:, Bern, Switzerland: Swiss Federal Chancellery (FCh) of the Swiss Confederation, archived from 2667: 2243: 2227: 2171: 1800: 1725: 1717: 1619: 1614: 1609: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1589: 1584: 1579: 1574: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1549: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1529: 1524: 1519: 1514: 1509: 1504: 1499: 1494: 1489: 1484: 1479: 1474: 1469: 1464: 1459: 1454: 1449: 1444: 1439: 1434: 1429: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1394: 1389: 1384: 1379: 1374: 1369: 1364: 1359: 1354: 1349: 1344: 1339: 1324: 1319: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1269: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1249: 1244: 1234: 1229: 1224: 1214: 1199: 1194: 1184: 1169: 1159: 1154: 1139: 1129: 1124: 1119: 1114: 1109: 1104: 1069: 1049: 1039: 1034: 1029: 1019: 1014: 1004: 989: 974: 964: 954: 4118: 1785: 5440: 5082: 4992: 4768: 4733: 4645: 4499: 4436: 4058: 3918: 2651: 2429: 2178: 1730: 1329: 1149: 1024: 979: 959: 949: 934: 635: 2167:
represents the cantons - each of them having the same weight, regardless of its population.
5550: 4877: 4827: 4805: 4705: 4620: 4240: 4133: 3828: 2380: 1815: 1632: 4893: 2185:. A change in the division of the seats occurred in 2003, as a result of the 2000 census. 203: 8: 5600: 4748: 4482: 4143: 1810: 1637: 543: 5126: 3997: 2388: 2219:, elections for the National Council are held every four years by the Swiss people. The 471: 5834: 5017: 4882: 4815: 4522: 4394: 4384: 4088: 3715: 2472: 2323:. Individual voters can choose to make fewer than the permissible number of votes. The 2239: 2037: 1755: 3823: 3519: 430: 5425: 5115: 4113: 3695: 3572: 2531: 2269: 1780: 2264:
The cantons use a unique system of proportional representation, sometimes called a "
4795: 4783: 4404: 4183: 4148: 4098: 4093: 4078: 2204: 2200: 2117: 2109: 1850: 1805: 1765: 1760: 1740: 356: 94: 79: 3643:), Art. 16 „Verteilung der Sitze auf die Kantone“, in effect since 1 January 2008. 5822: 5762: 5102: 3765: 3584: 2196: 2192: 2101: 2093: 405: 163: 64: 49: 2369: 549: 5726: 5485: 5072: 4753: 4441: 4108: 4073: 4035: 2461: 2345:
The number of deputies in each party is determined at the cantonal level using
2265: 1775: 1750: 528: 4788: 3834:
The Law Collection: SR 17 Bundesbehörden/Autorités fédérales/Autorità federali
2140:. Containing 200 seats, the National Council is the larger of the two houses. 231: 5844: 5757: 5752: 5620: 5282: 4778: 4743: 4379: 4178: 4163: 4030: 3562: 1869: 1845: 1830: 330: 3928: 5747: 5222: 4773: 4695: 2662: 566: 533: 523: 183: 2353:(except in single-member cantons.) The election's turnout is computed as: 2246:
women have been entitled to vote and stand in National Council elections.
5161: 5157: 4928: 4924: 4723: 4504: 4083: 3869: 2133: 2125: 1745: 141: 5817: 5247: 5169: 5110: 4527: 4025: 3838: 2188:
Every canton is entitled to at least one seat in the National Council.
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SRF, Tania Boa, Timo Grossenbacher and Thomas Preusse (26 June 2015).
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system, each voter has as many votes as there are seats in the canton.
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Development of composition of the Swiss National Council, 1919–2023
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List of members of the National Council of Switzerland (2023–2027)
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Committee for the Environment, Spatial Planning and Energy (CESPE)
4153: 4103: 3677:"Luck with lists and misfortune with proportional representation" 2482:
Tax loopholes and merger/economic policy (merger of UBS and SBV)
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The role and powers of the National Council are regulated by the
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List of members of the National Council of Switzerland, 2003–07
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List of members of the National Council of Switzerland, 2007–11
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List of members of the National Council of Switzerland, 2011–15
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List of members of the National Council of Switzerland, 2019–23
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The art of interpreting in Switzerland's polyglot parliament
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the two councils must meet together to discuss the matter.
2412:) begins on the first Monday in March, the summer session ( 2374: 2152: 2143:
Adult citizens elect the council's members, who are called
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Federal Chancellor Corina Casanova, ed. (28 April 2015),
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List of presidents of the National Council of Switzerland
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Committee for Transportation and Telecommunications (CTT)
3544:(official site). Bern, Switzerland: The Swiss Parliament 3522:(official site). Bern, Switzerland: The Swiss Parliament 3652: 5806: 5116:
Legislative Body of the Helvetic Republic (1798–1803)
2234:, in which each canton forms an electoral district ( 2583:
Committee for Science, Education and Culture (CSEC)
2416:) on the first Monday in June, the Autumn session ( 2598:Committee for Economic Affairs and Taxation (CEAT) 27:Lower house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland 5842: 2586:Committee for Social Security and Health (CSSH) 2436:Extraordinary sessions of the National Council 2283:Election results for the National Council, 2019 2452:Introduction of the federal currency monopoly 5861:Members of the National Council (Switzerland) 5142: 4909: 3854: 2064: 100: 85: 3795:The Swiss Confederation – A Brief Guide 2015 3700:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2623:Parliamentary investigation committees (PIC) 2384:The antechamber of the National Council hall 70: 55: 3653:Bundesamt fĂĽr Statistik (20 October 2019). 5149: 5135: 4916: 4902: 4838:Cultural Property of National Significance 3861: 3847: 2071: 2057: 404: 3775: 3773: 2611: 2299:The seats are then apportioned using the 2181:(including foreign residents), using the 3868: 3637:Bundesgesetz ĂĽber die politischen Rechte 2650: 2556:Each year the National Council elects a 2387: 2379: 2368: 3655:"Nationalrat Entwicklung Parteistärken" 2601:Political Institutions Committees (PIC) 2223:took place on Sunday, 22 October 2023. 14: 5843: 3770: 2392:National Council hall during a session 363:Party-list proportional representation 5130: 4897: 3842: 3646: 3568:Swiss Politics for Complete Beginners 3556: 2646: 3514: 3512: 2607:Committee for Public Buildings (CPB) 2569:President of the Swiss Confederation 3674: 2627: 2333:number of votes obtained by party A 2313:number of votes obtained by party A 2210: 24: 3759:Faktenblatt zu den Sessionen (PDF) 3444:Political Rights Act (Switzerland) 2306: 25: 5877: 3817: 3509: 2604:Committee for Legal Affairs (CLA) 2558:President of the National Council 2337:average of valid votes per voters 5828: 5816: 5796:National unicameral legislatures 5366:Democratic Republic of the Congo 3996: 3613:"Lexicon of parliamentary terms" 3390: 3362: 3334: 3306: 3278: 3250: 3222: 3194: 3166: 3138: 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198:Second Vice President 116:52nd National Council 4843:World Heritage Sites 3492:Under Switzerland's 2633:Committee on Pardons 2545:given matter first ( 2221:most recent election 2145:National Councillors 1684:Federal Patent Court 178:First Vice President 5722:Portugal (Republic) 5566:Trinidad and Tobago 5296:Antigua and Barbuda 4988:Basel-Landschaft BL 4929:Swiss Confederation 4641:Firearms regulation 4210:Statistical regions 4019:Physiographic areas 3720:www.fedlex.admin.ch 3602:, 26 September 2019 2678:Population per seat 2437: 2114:Consiglio nazionale 1865:Cantonal executives 544:Karin Keller-Sutter 87:Consiglio nazionale 5717:Portugal (Kingdom) 5687:Kingdom of Ireland 5381:Dominican Republic 4606:Capital punishment 4538:Telecommunications 4432:Popular initiative 3805:on 21 January 2016 2657: 2647:Members per canton 2642:Judicial Committee 2639:Drafting Committee 2503:employment pension 2479:22–23 January 1998 2473:Chernobyl disaster 2435: 2394: 2386: 2378: 2240:election 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2238:). There is no 2213: 2179:national census 2161: 2088: 2077: 2048: 2044:Other countries 2032: 2030: 2025: 2024: 2023: 1885: 1875: 1874: 1856: 1855: 1816:St. Gallen (SG) 1720: 1710: 1709: 1700: 1690: 1689: 1688: 1663: 1653: 1652: 1642: 1624: 915: 914: 909: 908: 644: 643: 640: 631: 621: 620: 619: 589: 579: 578: 515:(by seniority) 508: 506:Federal Council 498: 497: 488: 465: 429: 393:22 October 2023 389: 377: 365: 359: 342: 327: 318: 309: 300: 291: 282: 273: 264: 255: 246: 241: 212: 210: 199: 192: 190: 179: 172: 170: 164:Eric Nussbaumer 159: 145: 144: 110: 109: 38: 37: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5879: 5869: 5868: 5863: 5858: 5853: 5838: 5837: 5825: 5802: 5801: 5799: 5798: 5793: 5788: 5782: 5779: 5778: 5776: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5755: 5750: 5744: 5742: 5738: 5737: 5735: 5734: 5729: 5724: 5719: 5714: 5709: 5704: 5699: 5694: 5689: 5684: 5679: 5674: 5669: 5663: 5661: 5655: 5654: 5652: 5651: 5645: 5643: 5637: 5636: 5634: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5611:American Samoa 5607: 5605: 5597: 5596: 5594: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5571:United Kingdom 5568: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5533: 5528: 5523: 5518: 5513: 5508: 5503: 5498: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5478: 5473: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5433: 5428: 5423: 5418: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5376:Czech Republic 5373: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5287: 5285: 5279: 5278: 5276: 5275: 5270: 5265: 5260: 5255: 5250: 5245: 5240: 5235: 5230: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5210: 5205: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5174: 5172: 5166: 5165: 5154: 5153: 5146: 5139: 5131: 5122: 5121: 5119: 5118: 5113: 5107: 5105: 5099: 5098: 5096: 5095: 5090: 5085: 5080: 5075: 5070: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5045: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5015: 5010: 5005: 5000: 4995: 4990: 4985: 4983:Basel-Stadt BS 4980: 4975: 4970: 4964: 4962: 4956: 4955: 4953: 4952: 4947: 4941: 4939: 4933: 4932: 4921: 4920: 4913: 4906: 4898: 4889: 4888: 4886: 4885: 4880: 4873: 4872: 4865: 4857: 4856: 4853: 4852: 4849: 4848: 4846: 4845: 4840: 4835: 4830: 4825: 4820: 4819: 4818: 4808: 4803: 4798: 4793: 4792: 4791: 4786: 4781: 4776: 4771: 4761: 4756: 4751: 4746: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4720: 4718: 4712: 4711: 4709: 4708: 4703: 4698: 4693: 4688: 4683: 4678: 4673: 4668: 4663: 4658: 4653: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4633: 4628: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4603: 4597: 4591: 4585: 4584: 4581: 4580: 4578: 4577: 4572: 4571: 4570: 4565: 4560: 4550: 4545: 4540: 4535: 4530: 4525: 4523:Stock exchange 4520: 4515: 4510: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4491: 4490: 4485: 4475: 4470: 4464: 4458: 4452: 4451: 4448: 4447: 4445: 4444: 4442:Federal decree 4439: 4434: 4429: 4424: 4423: 4422: 4417: 4407: 4402: 4397: 4392: 4387: 4382: 4377: 4376: 4375: 4365: 4364: 4363: 4358: 4353: 4345: 4340: 4335: 4334: 4333: 4323: 4318: 4312: 4306: 4300: 4299: 4296: 4295: 4292: 4291: 4289: 4288: 4283: 4278: 4273: 4268: 4263: 4258: 4253: 4248: 4243: 4238: 4236:Extreme points 4233: 4228: 4222: 4220: 4216: 4215: 4213: 4212: 4207: 4206: 4205: 4198:Municipalities 4195: 4189: 4188: 4187: 4186: 4181: 4176: 4171: 4166: 4161: 4156: 4151: 4146: 4141: 4136: 4131: 4126: 4121: 4116: 4111: 4106: 4101: 4096: 4091: 4086: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4066: 4061: 4050: 4048: 4042: 4041: 4039: 4038: 4036:Jura Mountains 4033: 4028: 4022: 4020: 4009: 4003: 4002: 3995: 3993: 3991: 3990: 3988:Historiography 3985: 3984: 3983: 3973: 3971:Modern history 3968: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3951:Napoleonic era 3948: 3943: 3938: 3937: 3936: 3931: 3926: 3916: 3911: 3906: 3901: 3895: 3893: 3887: 3886: 3881: 3878: 3877: 3866: 3865: 3858: 3851: 3843: 3837: 3836: 3831: 3826: 3819: 3818:External links 3816: 3815: 3814: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3781: 3769: 3757:parlament.ch: 3750: 3741: 3732: 3707: 3667: 3645: 3629: 3604: 3588: 3555: 3533: 3507: 3505: 3502: 3499: 3498: 3484: 3483: 3481: 3478: 3477: 3476: 3471: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3451: 3446: 3441: 3434: 3431: 3428: 3427: 3424: 3421: 3418: 3415: 3411: 3410: 3407: 3404: 3401: 3398: 3387: 3383: 3382: 3379: 3376: 3373: 3370: 3359: 3355: 3354: 3351: 3348: 3345: 3342: 3331: 3327: 3326: 3323: 3320: 3317: 3314: 3303: 3299: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3289: 3286: 3275: 3271: 3270: 3267: 3264: 3261: 3258: 3247: 3243: 3242: 3239: 3236: 3233: 3230: 3219: 3215: 3214: 3211: 3208: 3205: 3202: 3191: 3187: 3186: 3183: 3180: 3177: 3174: 3163: 3159: 3158: 3155: 3152: 3149: 3146: 3135: 3131: 3130: 3127: 3124: 3121: 3118: 3107: 3103: 3102: 3099: 3096: 3093: 3090: 3079: 3075: 3074: 3071: 3068: 3065: 3062: 3051: 3047: 3046: 3043: 3040: 3037: 3034: 3023: 3019: 3018: 3015: 3012: 3009: 3006: 2995: 2991: 2990: 2987: 2984: 2981: 2978: 2967: 2963: 2962: 2959: 2956: 2953: 2950: 2939: 2935: 2934: 2931: 2928: 2925: 2922: 2911: 2907: 2906: 2903: 2900: 2897: 2894: 2883: 2879: 2878: 2875: 2872: 2869: 2866: 2855: 2851: 2850: 2847: 2844: 2841: 2838: 2827: 2823: 2822: 2819: 2816: 2813: 2810: 2799: 2795: 2794: 2791: 2788: 2785: 2782: 2771: 2767: 2766: 2763: 2760: 2757: 2754: 2743: 2739: 2738: 2735: 2732: 2729: 2726: 2715: 2711: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2687: 2683: 2682: 2679: 2676: 2673: 2670: 2665: 2648: 2645: 2644: 2643: 2640: 2637: 2634: 2629: 2626: 2625: 2624: 2621: 2618: 2613: 2610: 2609: 2608: 2605: 2602: 2599: 2596: 2593: 2590: 2587: 2584: 2581: 2576: 2573: 2541: 2538: 2535: 2534: 2529: 2525: 2524: 2519: 2515: 2514: 2511: 2510:1 October 2007 2507: 2506: 2499: 2498:3 October 2002 2495: 2494: 2488: 2484: 2483: 2480: 2476: 2475: 2469: 2465: 2464: 2462:Forest dieback 2458: 2454: 2453: 2450: 2446: 2445: 2442: 2366: 2363: 2308: 2305: 2295: 2294: 2289: 2286: 2285: 2212: 2209: 2160: 2157: 2079: 2078: 2076: 2075: 2068: 2061: 2053: 2050: 2049: 2047: 2046: 2040: 2027: 2026: 2022: 2021: 2016: 2011: 2006: 2001: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1961: 1956: 1951: 1946: 1941: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1901: 1896: 1890: 1886: 1883:Municipalities 1881: 1880: 1877: 1876: 1873: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1854: 1853: 1848: 1843: 1838: 1833: 1828: 1823: 1818: 1813: 1811:Solothurn (SO) 1808: 1803: 1798: 1793: 1791:Nidwalden (NW) 1788: 1786:Neuchâtel (NE) 1783: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1763: 1758: 1753: 1748: 1743: 1738: 1733: 1728: 1722: 1721: 1716: 1715: 1712: 1711: 1708: 1707: 1705:European Union 1701: 1696: 1695: 1692: 1691: 1687: 1686: 1681: 1676: 1671: 1665: 1664: 1661:Federal courts 1659: 1658: 1655: 1654: 1651: 1650: 1645: 1644: 1643: 1641: 1640: 1635: 1629: 1623: 1622: 1617: 1612: 1607: 1602: 1597: 1592: 1587: 1582: 1577: 1572: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1527: 1522: 1517: 1512: 1507: 1502: 1497: 1492: 1487: 1482: 1477: 1472: 1467: 1462: 1457: 1452: 1447: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1427: 1422: 1417: 1412: 1407: 1402: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1382: 1377: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1352: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1317: 1312: 1307: 1302: 1297: 1292: 1287: 1282: 1277: 1272: 1267: 1262: 1257: 1252: 1247: 1242: 1237: 1232: 1227: 1222: 1217: 1212: 1207: 1202: 1197: 1192: 1187: 1182: 1177: 1172: 1167: 1162: 1157: 1152: 1147: 1142: 1137: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1112: 1107: 1102: 1097: 1092: 1087: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1067: 1062: 1057: 1052: 1047: 1042: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1022: 1017: 1012: 1007: 1002: 997: 992: 987: 982: 977: 972: 967: 962: 957: 952: 947: 942: 937: 932: 927: 922: 916: 910: 907: 906: 901: 896: 891: 886: 881: 876: 871: 866: 861: 856: 851: 846: 841: 836: 831: 826: 821: 816: 811: 806: 801: 796: 791: 786: 781: 776: 771: 766: 761: 756: 751: 746: 741: 736: 731: 726: 721: 716: 711: 706: 701: 696: 691: 686: 681: 676: 671: 666: 661: 656: 651: 645: 641: 639: 638: 632: 627: 626: 623: 622: 618: 617: 612: 602: 591: 590: 585: 584: 581: 580: 577: 576: 571: 570: 569: 559: 558: 557: 552: 547: 541: 531: 529:Ignazio Cassis 526: 521: 509: 504: 503: 500: 499: 496: 495: 489: 484: 483: 480: 479: 476: 475: 467: 466: 461: 458: 457: 445: 444: 426: 425: 421: 420: 414:Federal Palace 410: 409: 401: 400: 396: 395: 390: 387: 384: 383: 378: 376:First election 375: 372: 371: 360: 355: 352: 351: 347: 346: 343: 341:Length of term 340: 337: 336: 335: 334: 325: 316: 307: 298: 289: 280: 271: 262: 253: 242: 239: 236: 235: 227: 226: 223: 219: 218: 214: 213: 202: 200: 197: 194: 193: 182: 180: 177: 174: 173: 162: 160: 155: 152: 151: 147: 146: 140: 139: 137: 133: 132: 128: 127: 119: 118: 112: 111: 106: 105: 98: 91: 90: 83: 76: 75: 68: 61: 60: 53: 46: 45: 40: 39: 35: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5878: 5867: 5864: 5862: 5859: 5857: 5854: 5852: 5849: 5848: 5846: 5836: 5826: 5824: 5819: 5814: 5813: 5810: 5797: 5794: 5792: 5789: 5787: 5784: 5783: 5780: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5758:Tricameralism 5756: 5754: 5753:Unicameralism 5751: 5749: 5746: 5745: 5743: 5739: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5705: 5703: 5700: 5698: 5695: 5693: 5690: 5688: 5685: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5673: 5670: 5668: 5665: 5664: 5662: 5660: 5656: 5650: 5647: 5646: 5644: 5642: 5641:Non-UN states 5638: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5608: 5606: 5604: 5601:Dependent and 5598: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5524: 5522: 5519: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5424: 5422: 5419: 5417: 5414: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5288: 5286: 5284: 5280: 5274: 5273:United States 5271: 5269: 5266: 5264: 5261: 5259: 5256: 5254: 5251: 5249: 5246: 5244: 5241: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5175: 5173: 5171: 5167: 5163: 5159: 5152: 5147: 5145: 5140: 5138: 5133: 5132: 5129: 5117: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5108: 5106: 5104: 5100: 5094: 5091: 5089: 5086: 5084: 5081: 5079: 5076: 5074: 5071: 5069: 5066: 5064: 5061: 5059: 5058:St. Gallen SG 5056: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5011: 5009: 5006: 5004: 5001: 4999: 4996: 4994: 4991: 4989: 4986: 4984: 4981: 4979: 4976: 4974: 4971: 4969: 4966: 4965: 4963: 4961: 4957: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4942: 4940: 4938: 4934: 4930: 4926: 4919: 4914: 4912: 4907: 4905: 4900: 4899: 4896: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4875: 4870: 4866: 4863: 4859: 4858: 4854: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4834: 4831: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4821: 4817: 4814: 4813: 4812: 4809: 4807: 4804: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4782: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4770: 4767: 4766: 4765: 4762: 4760: 4757: 4755: 4752: 4750: 4747: 4745: 4742: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4722: 4721: 4719: 4717: 4713: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4692: 4689: 4687: 4684: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4672: 4669: 4667: 4664: 4662: 4659: 4657: 4654: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4598: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4586: 4576: 4573: 4569: 4566: 4564: 4561: 4559: 4556: 4555: 4554: 4551: 4549: 4546: 4544: 4541: 4539: 4536: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4489: 4488:Private banks 4486: 4484: 4481: 4480: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4466: 4465: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4453: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4425: 4421: 4418: 4416: 4413: 4412: 4411: 4408: 4406: 4403: 4401: 4398: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4388: 4386: 4383: 4381: 4380:Landsgemeinde 4378: 4374: 4371: 4370: 4369: 4366: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4352: 4349: 4348: 4346: 4344: 4341: 4339: 4336: 4332: 4331:Supreme Court 4329: 4328: 4327: 4324: 4322: 4319: 4317: 4314: 4313: 4310: 4307: 4305: 4301: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4279: 4277: 4274: 4272: 4269: 4267: 4264: 4262: 4259: 4257: 4254: 4252: 4249: 4247: 4244: 4242: 4239: 4237: 4234: 4232: 4229: 4227: 4224: 4223: 4221: 4217: 4211: 4208: 4204: 4201: 4200: 4199: 4196: 4194: 4191: 4190: 4185: 4182: 4180: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4170: 4167: 4165: 4162: 4160: 4157: 4155: 4152: 4150: 4147: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4137: 4135: 4132: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4122: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4056: 4055: 4052: 4051: 4049: 4047: 4043: 4037: 4034: 4032: 4031:Swiss Plateau 4029: 4027: 4024: 4023: 4021: 4017: 4013: 4010: 4008: 4004: 3999: 3989: 3986: 3982: 3979: 3978: 3977: 3974: 3972: 3969: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3961:Federal state 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3935: 3932: 3930: 3927: 3925: 3922: 3921: 3920: 3917: 3915: 3912: 3910: 3909:Early history 3907: 3905: 3902: 3900: 3897: 3896: 3894: 3892: 3888: 3884: 3879: 3875: 3871: 3864: 3859: 3857: 3852: 3850: 3845: 3844: 3841: 3835: 3832: 3830: 3827: 3825: 3822: 3821: 3801: 3797: 3796: 3790: 3789: 3776: 3774: 3767: 3763: 3760: 3754: 3745: 3736: 3721: 3717: 3711: 3703: 3697: 3682: 3678: 3671: 3656: 3649: 3642: 3638: 3633: 3618: 3614: 3608: 3601: 3597: 3592: 3586: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3569: 3564: 3563:Pierre Cormon 3559: 3543: 3537: 3521: 3515: 3513: 3508: 3495: 3489: 3485: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3436: 3425: 3422: 3419: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3405: 3402: 3399: 3388: 3385: 3384: 3380: 3377: 3374: 3371: 3360: 3357: 3356: 3352: 3349: 3346: 3343: 3332: 3329: 3328: 3324: 3321: 3318: 3315: 3304: 3301: 3300: 3296: 3293: 3290: 3287: 3276: 3273: 3272: 3268: 3265: 3262: 3259: 3248: 3245: 3244: 3240: 3237: 3234: 3231: 3220: 3217: 3216: 3212: 3209: 3206: 3203: 3192: 3189: 3188: 3184: 3181: 3178: 3175: 3164: 3161: 3160: 3156: 3153: 3150: 3147: 3136: 3133: 3132: 3128: 3125: 3122: 3119: 3108: 3105: 3104: 3100: 3097: 3094: 3091: 3080: 3077: 3076: 3072: 3069: 3066: 3063: 3052: 3049: 3048: 3044: 3041: 3038: 3035: 3024: 3021: 3020: 3016: 3013: 3010: 3007: 2996: 2993: 2992: 2988: 2985: 2982: 2979: 2968: 2965: 2964: 2960: 2957: 2954: 2951: 2940: 2937: 2936: 2932: 2929: 2926: 2923: 2912: 2909: 2908: 2904: 2901: 2898: 2895: 2884: 2881: 2880: 2876: 2873: 2870: 2867: 2856: 2853: 2852: 2848: 2845: 2842: 2839: 2828: 2825: 2824: 2820: 2817: 2814: 2811: 2800: 2797: 2796: 2792: 2789: 2786: 2783: 2772: 2769: 2768: 2764: 2761: 2758: 2755: 2744: 2741: 2740: 2736: 2733: 2730: 2727: 2716: 2713: 2712: 2708: 2705: 2702: 2699: 2688: 2685: 2684: 2681:Voting power 2680: 2677: 2674: 2671: 2669: 2666: 2664: 2661: 2660: 2653: 2641: 2638: 2635: 2632: 2631: 2622: 2619: 2616: 2615: 2606: 2603: 2600: 2597: 2594: 2591: 2588: 2585: 2582: 2579: 2578: 2572: 2570: 2564: 2559: 2554: 2550: 2548: 2533: 2530: 2527: 2526: 2523: 2520: 2517: 2516: 2512: 2509: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2497: 2496: 2493: 2489: 2486: 2485: 2481: 2478: 2477: 2474: 2470: 2467: 2466: 2463: 2459: 2456: 2455: 2451: 2448: 2447: 2444:Reason/event 2443: 2440: 2439: 2433: 2431: 2427: 2426:Wintersession 2423: 2419: 2418:Herbstsession 2415: 2414:Sommersession 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2390: 2382: 2376: 2371: 2362: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2343: 2340: 2338: 2334: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2304: 2302: 2288: 2284: 2281: 2277: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2262: 2260: 2256: 2251: 2247: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2224: 2222: 2218: 2208: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2189: 2186: 2184: 2180: 2175: 2173: 2168: 2166: 2156: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2141: 2139: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2086: 2074: 2069: 2067: 2062: 2060: 2055: 2054: 2052: 2051: 2045: 2042: 2041: 2039: 2029: 2028: 2020: 2017: 2015: 2012: 2010: 2007: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1967: 1965: 1962: 1960: 1957: 1955: 1952: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1935: 1932: 1930: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1891: 1889: 1884: 1879: 1878: 1871: 1870:Landsgemeinde 1868: 1866: 1863: 1861: 1858: 1857: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1797: 1796:Obwalden (OW) 1794: 1792: 1789: 1787: 1784: 1782: 1779: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1762: 1759: 1757: 1756:Fribourg (FR) 1754: 1752: 1749: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1737: 1734: 1732: 1729: 1727: 1724: 1723: 1719: 1714: 1713: 1706: 1703: 1702: 1699: 1694: 1693: 1685: 1682: 1680: 1677: 1675: 1672: 1670: 1667: 1666: 1662: 1657: 1656: 1649: 1646: 1639: 1636: 1634: 1631: 1630: 1628: 1627: 1626: 1625: 1621: 1618: 1616: 1613: 1611: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1601: 1598: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1523: 1521: 1518: 1516: 1513: 1511: 1508: 1506: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1496: 1493: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1471: 1468: 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4611:Conscription 4548:Trade unions 4483:Central bank 4414: 4368:Human rights 4321:Constitution 4046:Subdivisions 3981:list of wars 3883:Major topics 3882: 3807:, retrieved 3800:the original 3794: 3786:Bibliography 3779:Art. 2 ParlG 3753: 3744: 3735: 3723:. Retrieved 3719: 3710: 3684:. Retrieved 3681:swissinfo.ch 3680: 3670: 3658:. Retrieved 3648: 3632: 3620:. Retrieved 3616: 3607: 3591: 3566: 3558: 3546:. Retrieved 3536: 3524:. Retrieved 3488: 3426:127,538,301 3061:Schaffhausen 2555: 2551: 2546: 2543: 2528:4–8 May 2020 2460:Response to 2425: 2420:) after the 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2395: 2358: 2354: 2344: 2341: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2310: 2298: 2282: 2263: 2252: 2248: 2235: 2225: 2214: 2190: 2187: 2176: 2169: 2162: 2159:Organisation 2144: 2142: 2084: 2082: 1969:Schaffhausen 1826:Thurgau (TG) 1781:Lucerne (LU) 1771:Grisons (GR) 604: 567:Viktor Rossi 550:Albert Rösti 534:Viola Amherd 524:Guy Parmelin 493:Human rights 486:Constitution 184:Maja Riniker 29: 5835:Switzerland 5697:South Korea 5631:Puerto Rico 5621:Isle of Man 5536:Saint Lucia 5516:Philippines 5496:Netherlands 5436:Ivory Coast 5268:Switzerland 5258:South Sudan 5038:Obwalden OW 4998:Fribourg FR 4789:Röstigraben 4666:Immigration 4473:Agriculture 4347:Government 4231:Earthquakes 3956:Restoration 3941:Reformation 3904:Enlargement 3870:Switzerland 3748:Art. 151 BV 3739:Art. 148 BV 3297:13,066,992 3005:Basel-Stadt 2737:23,641,104 2709:49,212,905 2561: [ 2513:Tax issues 2422:Federal Day 2134:upper house 2132:, with the 2126:lower house 2098:Nationalrat 1914:Basel-Stadt 1851:Zurich (ZH) 1836:Valais (VS) 1821:Ticino (TI) 1806:Schwyz (SZ) 1766:Glarus (GL) 1761:Geneva (GE) 1736:Aargau (AG) 912:Referendums 142:Lower house 72:Nationalrat 5845:Categories 5649:Somaliland 5581:Uzbekistan 5556:Tajikistan 5476:Madagascar 5456:Kazakhstan 5063:Thurgau TG 5023:Lucerne LU 5013:Grisons GR 4796:Literature 4651:Healthcare 4636:Euthanasia 4616:Corruption 4528:Swiss made 4507:(currency) 4410:Parliament 4405:Neutrality 4026:Swiss Alps 3966:World wars 3929:RĂĽtli Oath 3504:References 3381:5,670,360 3325:2,536,176 3269:2,695,544 3241:1,527,168 3213:9,994,896 3157:5,797,212 3145:St. Gallen 3045:1,945,811 2989:1,559,016 2961:1,992,676 2765:3,819,660 2575:Committees 2490:Financing 2261:of votes. 2244:Since 1971 2215:Under the 2203:, but not 2136:being the 1984:St. Gallen 1939:GraubĂĽnden 433:.parlament 268:The Centre 150:Leadership 5732:Venezuela 5702:Nicaragua 5421:Indonesia 5183:Australia 5178:Argentina 5093:ZĂĽrich ZH 5078:Valais VS 5068:Ticino TI 5048:Schwyz SZ 5008:Glarus GL 5003:Geneva GE 4968:Aargau AG 4764:Languages 4631:Education 4553:Transport 4495:Companies 4338:Elections 4276:Mountains 4256:Hydrology 4193:Districts 4007:Geography 3914:Roman era 3809:4 January 3600:SwissInfo 3494:panachage 3420:8,001,054 3341:Neuchâtel 2977:Solothurn 2865:Nidwalden 2703:1,406,083 2449:July 1891 2349:with the 2274:panachage 2266:free list 2236:Wahlkreis 2124:) is the 2090:‹See Tfd› 1979:Solothurn 1959:Nidwalden 1954:Neuchâtel 1841:Vaud (VD) 1776:Jura (JU) 1751:Bern (BE) 1633:Mandatory 642:Elections 629:Elections 538:President 519:Beat Jans 454:a series 350:Elections 217:Structure 157:President 5823:Politics 5591:Zimbabwe 5561:Thailand 5541:Slovenia 5511:Paraguay 5396:Eswatini 5361:Colombia 5346:Cameroon 5341:Cambodia 5311:Barbados 5243:Pakistan 5223:Malaysia 5213:Ethiopia 4878:Category 4823:Religion 4759:Helvetia 4754:Folklore 4671:Pensions 4601:Abortion 4533:Taxation 4395:Military 4304:Politics 4251:Glaciers 4219:By topic 3899:Timeline 3874:articles 3762:Archived 3716:"Fedlex" 3696:cite web 3641:SR 161.1 3581:Archived 3579:, p. 28 3548:9 August 3526:9 August 3433:See also 3409:141,084 3353:692,732 3185:966,940 3073:154,278 3017:970,450 2949:Fribourg 2933:340,791 2837:Obwalden 2821:591,616 2492:Swissair 2259:majority 2226:Since a 1964:Obwalden 1924:Fribourg 1846:Zug (ZG) 1831:Uri (UR) 1638:Optional 5809:Portals 5741:Related 5682:Hungary 5659:Defunct 5616:Bermuda 5576:Uruguay 5526:Romania 5491:Namibia 5486:Myanmar 5481:Morocco 5471:Liberia 5466:Lesotho 5441:Jamaica 5426:Ireland 5411:Grenada 5336:Burundi 5331:Bolivia 5316:Belarus 5306:Bahrain 5301:Bahamas 5291:Algeria 5283:Unitary 5253:Somalia 5238:Nigeria 5193:Belgium 5188:Austria 5170:Federal 5083:Vaud VD 5018:Jura JU 4993:Bern BE 4927:of the 4862:Outline 4833:Symbols 4784:Romansh 4779:Italian 4744:Cuisine 4716:Culture 4701:Welfare 4681:Poverty 4676:Prisons 4589:Society 4543:Tourism 4478:Banking 4456:Economy 4261:Islands 4246:Forests 4226:Climate 4054:Cantons 3891:History 3725:2 April 3686:4 April 3414:Overall 3375:472,530 3347:173,183 3319:317,022 3291:725,944 3263:336,943 3235:254,528 3229:Thurgau 3207:624,681 3179:193,388 3173:Grisons 3151:483,101 3129:15,789 3101:53,313 3039:277,973 3011:194,090 2983:259,836 2955:284,668 2927:113,597 2905:39,217 2877:41,311 2849:35,878 2815:147,904 2793:35,382 2759:381,966 2753:Lucerne 2731:985,046 2547:Erstrat 2205:Romansh 2201:Italian 2172:cantons 2128:of the 2118:Romansh 2110:Italian 1989:Thurgau 1949:Lucerne 1718:Cantons 609:members 599:members 513:Members 439:/organe 424:Website 345:4 years 322:EDU/UDF 313:EVP/PEV 295:GLP/PVL 286:GPS/PES 277:FDP/PLR 250:SVP/UDC 208:SVP/UDC 188:FDP/PLR 95:Romansh 80:Italian 5727:Sweden 5677:Guyana 5531:Rwanda 5521:Poland 5451:Jordan 5401:France 5326:Bhutan 5321:Belize 5248:Russia 5228:Mexico 5208:Canada 5203:Brazil 5088:Zug ZG 5073:Uri UR 4883:Portal 4774:French 4769:German 4734:Cinema 4724:Anthem 4646:Health 4505:Franc 4500:Energy 4437:Voting 4326:Courts 4286:Rivers 3934:Growth 3872:  3622:25 May 3575:  3423:40,005 3406:35,271 3403:70,542 3395:  3378:42,957 3369:Geneva 3367:  3350:43,296 3339:  3322:39,628 3313:Valais 3311:  3294:40,330 3283:  3266:42,118 3257:Ticino 3255:  3238:42,421 3227:  3210:39,043 3201:Aargau 3199:  3182:38,678 3171:  3154:40,258 3143:  3126:15,789 3123:15,789 3115:  3098:53,313 3095:53,313 3087:  3070:38,570 3067:77,139 3059:  3042:39,710 3031:  3014:38,818 3003:  2986:43,306 2975:  2958:40,667 2947:  2930:37,866 2919:  2902:39,217 2899:39,217 2893:Glarus 2891:  2874:41,311 2871:41,311 2863:  2846:35,878 2843:35,878 2835:  2818:36,976 2809:Schwyz 2807:  2790:35,382 2787:35,382 2779:  2762:38,197 2751:  2734:39,402 2723:  2706:40,174 2697:Zurich 2695:  2668:Canton 2540:Powers 2199:, and 2197:French 2193:German 2102:French 2094:German 2019:Zurich 2004:Valais 1994:Ticino 1974:Schwyz 1934:Glarus 1929:Geneva 1894:Aargau 636:Voting 456:on the 328:  319:  310:  301:  292:  283:  274:  265:  256:  247:  206:, 186:, 166:, 65:German 50:French 5586:Yemen 5551:Spain 5506:Palau 5461:Kenya 5446:Japan 5431:Italy 5416:Haiti 5406:Gabon 5386:Egypt 5356:Chile 5263:Sudan 5233:Nepal 5218:India 4869:Index 4828:Sport 4806:Music 4801:Media 4706:Women 4621:Crime 4281:Parks 4266:Lakes 4241:Fauna 3803:(PDF) 3660:3 May 3480:Notes 2663:Abbr. 2565:] 259:SP/PS 222:Seats 168:SP/PS 5712:Peru 5672:Fiji 5667:Cuba 5501:Oman 4749:Flag 4568:road 4563:rail 4373:LGBT 3811:2016 3727:2023 3702:link 3688:2018 3662:2020 3624:2019 3573:ISBN 3550:2016 3528:2016 3397:Jura 3285:Vaud 2725:Bern 2441:Date 2406:Räte 2375:Bern 2365:Role 2153:Bern 2083:The 2009:Vaud 1944:Jura 1919:Bern 1620:2024 1615:2023 1610:2022 1605:2021 1600:2020 1595:2019 1590:2018 1585:2017 1580:2016 1575:2015 1570:2014 1565:2013 1560:2012 1555:2011 1550:2010 1545:2009 1540:2008 1535:2007 1530:2006 1525:2005 1520:2004 1515:2003 1510:2002 1505:2001 1500:2000 1495:1999 1490:1998 1485:1997 1480:1996 1475:1995 1470:1994 1465:1993 1460:1992 1455:1991 1450:1990 1445:1989 1440:1988 1435:1987 1430:1986 1425:1985 1420:1984 1415:1983 1410:1982 1405:1981 1400:1980 1395:1979 1390:1978 1385:1977 1380:1976 1375:1975 1370:1974 1365:1973 1360:1972 1355:1971 1350:1970 1345:1969 1340:1968 1335:1967 1330:1966 1325:1965 1320:1964 1315:1963 1310:1962 1305:1961 1300:1960 1295:1959 1290:1958 1285:1957 1280:1956 1275:1955 1270:1954 1265:1953 1260:1952 1255:1951 1250:1950 1245:1949 1240:1948 1235:1947 1230:1946 1225:1945 1220:1944 1215:1942 1210:1941 1205:1940 1200:1939 1195:1938 1190:1937 1185:1935 1180:1934 1175:1933 1170:1931 1165:1930 1160:1929 1155:1928 1150:1927 1145:1926 1140:1925 1135:1924 1130:1923 1125:1922 1120:1921 1115:1920 1110:1919 1105:1918 1100:1917 1095:1915 1090:1914 1085:1913 1080:1912 1075:1910 1070:1908 1065:1907 1060:1906 1055:1905 1050:1903 1045:1902 1040:1900 1035:1898 1030:1897 1025:1896 1020:1895 1015:1894 1010:1893 1005:1891 1000:1890 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Index

National Council of Switzerland
French
German
Italian
Romansh
52nd National Council
Coat of arms or logo
Lower house
President
Eric Nussbaumer
SP/PS
Maja Riniker
FDP/PLR
Pierre-André Page
SVP/UDC

SVP/UDC
SP/PS
The Centre
FDP/PLR
GPS/PES
GLP/PVL
MCG
EVP/PEV
EDU/UDF
Ticino League
Voting system
Party-list proportional representation
Hagenbach-Bischoff system
1–27 October 1848

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