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National Defence Radio Establishment

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50: 3786: 1146:, SIUN) is the management authority tasked to supervise the FRA, ensuring it follows court orders issued by the Defence Intelligence Court, and that all laws and regulations governing FRA is followed, including privacy laws. SIUN obtains possession over all signals, and they are only made available to the FRA by permission of the court. Furthermore, the commission is obliged to launch an investigation whenever someone suspects they are the target of unauthorized SIGINT. The commission is not tasked or authorized to review decisions made by the court. 32: 1012:. Communications service providers are legally required, under confidentiality, to transfer cable communications crossing Swedish borders to specific "interaction points", where data may be accessed after a court order. The number of companies affected by the legislation was estimated as "being limited (approximately ten)". The law does not permit intelligence-gathering by interception of signals where both the sender and recipient is located in Sweden, only signals crossing the borders of Sweden. 713: 884:), and the creation of an all new law regulating SIGINT. These changes would have allowed the FRA to monitor both wireless and cable bound signals passing the Swedish border without a court order, while also introducing several provisions designed to protect the privacy of individuals, according to the original proposal. The law's proponents argued for the need to give FRA new guidelines and a modernised legal framework, in order to regulate 330: 534:, was carried out over a couple of nights in September 1944. Stella Polaris gave Sweden access to a wealth of qualified materials and signals intelligence officers, some of which were also employed. For Finland, it resulted in a domestic political affair and due to the Communist Party's strong influence in the government, several of the so-called "Soviet Hostiles" involved received prison sentences. 5501: 6024: 731:. The government allocated a total of SEK 860 million for the FRA in the annual budget for the fiscal year of 2014; an increase in spending with 38 million compared to the previous year, due to "greater technical costs and changes abroad". In 2009, the number of employees was "just below 700", according to the FRA. 1120:
The ban on appeal deviates from the perceived main rule in Swedish law, namely that a decision of a court may be appealed. In reality, however, a leave to appeal is mostly required nowadays for a case to be considered by a higher court, which is why the first court decision is also the final instance
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Antalet trÄdÀgande operatörer vars trÄd korsar rikets grÀns Àr litet (ett tiotal) i förhÄllande till antalet andra operatörer (t.ex. Internet Service Providers), dvs. det Àr bara ett fÄtal operatörer som trÀffas av skyldigheten. De icke trÄdÀgande operatörerna varierar mer i antal över tiden och det
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found that the FRA did not follow the law in all cases, and that it was, in particular, difficult to follow up on how well the FRA follows the law through logs. The exact same violation was observed again by the authority in a follow-up review in 2016. So far, no sanctions have been exacted on the
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was quoted as saying that Sweden's intelligence exchange with other countries is "critical for our security" and that "intelligence operations occur within a framework with clear legislation, strict controls and under parliamentary oversight." Anni Bölenius, head of communications at the FRA, told
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som har remitterats till LagrÄdet innebÀr vÀsentliga Àndringar i förhÄllande till den nuvarande lagregleringen. Enskildas grundlags- och konventionsskyddade krav pÄ skydd mot intrÄng i privatlivet förstÀrks, bl.a. genom att signalspaning ska fÄ ske endast i vissa i lagen angivna syften, som inte
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De trÄdÀgande operatörerna skall till sÀrskilda samverkanspunkter överföra all trafik som förs över Sveriges grÀns. Samverkanspunkter vÀljs av de trÄdÀgande operatörerna och skall anmÀlas av dem till den myndighet som regeringen bestÀmmer. Tystnadsplikt för samtliga operatörer skall gÀlla för
564:. The Swedish government initially claimed that the flight was only a navigational exercise, but later admitted that the aeroplane had U.S. electronic surveillance equipment and five specialists from FRA on board. Three days later, a Swedish Air Force search-and-rescue plane of the type Tp 47 ( 5513: 572:
fighter, but the crew was rescued by a nearby West German freighter ship. The Soviet Union denied any involvement in the disappearance of the DC-3, despite the fact that a raft from the aeroplane was found during the search with shrapnel from MiG-15 ammunition. In 1956, the Soviet leader
798:(COMINT), including wireless phone and Internet signals, something that was also left largely unregulated. As an ever-increasing amount of communications have transferred from radio to cables, the question of enabling FRA to collect information from cable communication was addressed by 6032: 581:
that the Soviet Union was indeed responsible for shooting down the plane, but this was not made public, not even to the relatives of the crewmen. Russia officially acknowledged the shooting down in 1991. In 2003, the wreck of the shot-down DC-3 was found about 55 km east of
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for most cases. The marginal benefits to be gained with a right of appeal by the special ombudsman can equally well be achieved with high-quality court members and delegates. considers the proposed appointment process a guarantee for high-quality members and delegates.
5401: 1067:, alleged the FRA had been storing personal information for much longer; leading to a private citizen lodging a complaint with the police. Ultimately, a prosecutor did not launch a full-scale investigation, as it was deemed not illegal at the time. 5277: 1233:. The FRA categorically deny this allegation. Anni Bölenius, head of communications at the FRA, believes the public perception of mass surveillance is incorrect, saying: "It is not as we can turn on the traffic ourselves. We have to 3825: 1176:
The legislation allows for the transfer of data to other states, if authorized by the Government, enabling exchanges of intelligence. In return, Sweden could receive information of importance to the national interest, something the
3935: 3364:"We do in general have international cooperation with a number of countries, which is supported in Swedish legislation, but we do not comment on which ones we cooperate with," Anni Bolenius, head of communications at the FRA said. 915:), to strengthen protection of privacy by making court orders a requirement, and imposing several limits on the intelligence-gathering. The amendment passed the Riksdag on 14 October 2009 and went into effect on 1 December 2009 ( 5371: 312:(SÄPO). Decisions and oversight regarding information interception is provided by the Defence Intelligence Court and the Defence Intelligence Commission; additional oversight regarding protection of privacy is provided by the 6028: 5683: 5509: 4725: 6167: 6016: 5339: 4196: 772:
in their November 2007 list. According to the director-general's chief of staff, the computer is being used for "cryptography and information security." By November 2013, the supercomputer had fallen off the list.
3940: 3930: 3920: 3865: 6385: 5413: 530:, Finnish intelligence requested to transfer about 200 specialists and advanced intelligence equipment to Sweden to establish an exile organisation. A transfer of a small contingent personnel and materials, 4959: 4124: 3870: 3745: 472:. This device was believed to produce indecipherable messages, with its 893,622,318,929,520,960 different crypto key settings. After two weeks of single hand work, the Swedish professor of mathematics 1100:, independent of the FRA and appointed by the Government. It is composed of a chairman, assisted by one or two vice-chairmen, and 2-6 special members of the court, holding office for four years. The 3061: 1319: 6359: 5495: 4426: 4318: 3880: 848:) required all companies operating a telecommunication network in Sweden to assist in government COMINT, under confidentiality. This act was replaced in 2003 by the electronic communications act ( 5881: 4534: 5131: 5711: 495:, but in 1940 it was moved to a number of villas in the suburban island of Lidingö. More sites were established in Sweden and in 1943, FRA moved its headquarters to Lovön, some 15 km from 5377: 4046: 3755: 6328: 5505: 4636: 3900: 3895: 3770: 3750: 3028: 1085: 6484: 6298: 4945: 3845: 4907: 5343: 4360: 468:
for its communication. This was accepted and Crypto Detail IV immediately started to intercept. The traffic was almost always encrypted by the German state-of-the-art cipher machine
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Det har sÄledes i svensk rÀtt bedömts att det inte finns nÄgot rÀttsligt skydd för den enskildes integritet mot avlyssning eller inhÀmtning av signaltrafik som befordras trÄdlöst
1211:: "We do in general have international cooperation with a number of countries, which is supported in Swedish legislation, but we do not comment on which ones we cooperate with". 1108:
from the court is also tasked to monitor and argue for the privacy rights of individuals. The decisions of the court cannot be appealed, something that is motivated, in part, by
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expressed their opposition to the legislation changes initially, but have since changed their views. In 2013, they provided support for an expansion of the law, to also include
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uppgift som hÀnför sig till angelÀgenhet som avser inhÀmtning av signaler i elektronisk form enligt förslaget till lag om signalspaning i försvarsunderrÀttelseverksamhet.
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was established and the Crypto Department, with its Crypto Detail IV, was responsible for cryptanalysis. In 1940, when Germany occupied Denmark and Norway, the German
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and the fact that special knowledge and physical protection of infrastructure and documents is needed. A government agency of legal experts reviewed the amendment (
4420: 4001: 3860: 6495: 4498: 4390: 4354: 2017: 5671: 484:: "Quite possibly the finest feat of cryptanalysis performed during the Second World War was Arne Beurling's solution of the secret of the G-schreiber." During 5073: 4106: 3660: 1474: 803: 5863: 4719: 4040: 3351: 6187: 5649: 4893: 4480: 3890: 586:. Several of the crewmen's remains were found in the fuselage and the damage to the plane showed that it really had been shot at by a Soviet MiG-15 fighter. 1669: 1360: 6213: 5783: 4897: 4767: 4456: 4094: 1036: 6698: 6258: 5745: 4618: 3740: 2934: 2298: 1537: 1315: 5824: 2774: 2511: 2434: 2103: 841: 5425: 443:
still continued in a smaller scale and developed the competence further. One of the first major successes was in 1933 when the cipher of the Russian
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Any personal data that may have been retained can not be stored for longer than 12 months, which is a year less than the maximum allowed by the
6501: 6456: 6413: 5623: 5539: 5483: 5143: 4300: 6444: 6401: 6252: 5942: 5167: 4743: 4654: 2332: 6207: 1280:. The court decided to push ahead with the case in spite of objections from the Swedish government and is expected to make a ruling in 2017. 377: 6660: 6353: 6092: 5857: 5519: 5097: 4833: 4612: 4184: 3994: 1595: 1569:[New Deputy Director General appointed for FRA] (in Swedish). National Defence Radio Establishment. 19 October 2016. Archived from 488:, some 296,000 German messages were intercepted and in 1942 the Swedish Government took the decision to establish Försvarets Radioanstalt. 6450: 6173: 6062: 5830: 5575: 5209: 5137: 4749: 4700: 4570: 4202: 4064: 3905: 3850: 1775: 1570: 1322: 6824: 6468: 6347: 5789: 5545: 5395: 5267: 4624: 4552: 4220: 3945: 3815: 3800: 3704: 3653: 3054: 626:). In addition to this there is also a command staff and a number of specialist functions reporting directly to the Director-General. 384: 6587: 6264: 6086: 5976: 5899: 5761: 5723: 5477: 5437: 5203: 5147: 5079: 4881: 4875: 4779: 4558: 4486: 4438: 4432: 4336: 4330: 4226: 4076: 1306:
said, "they hadn't made any observations indicating FRA process personal data in order to map general Internet usage." However, the
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The FRA have been contested since the change in its legislation, mainly because of the public perception the change would enable
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The FRA is not allowed to initialize any surveillance on their own, and only gets access to communication lines as decided by
928: 916: 881: 845: 6511: 6334: 5869: 5717: 5611: 5015: 4797: 4546: 4516: 4414: 4342: 4214: 3646: 2391:"Alliansen enig om stĂ€rkt integritet, tydligare reglering och förbĂ€ttrad kontroll i kompletteringar till signalspaningslagen" 2022:. Statens offentliga utredningar, 0375-250X; 2003:30 (in Swedish). Stockholm: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. p. 154. 1199:
with a "unique collection on high-priority Russian targets such as leadership, internal politics, and energy." In response,
1182: 1020: 297: 56: 2111:. Ds : departementsserien, 0284-6012; 2005:30 (in Swedish). Stockholm: Försvarsdepartementet, Regeringskansliet. 2005. 6693: 6627: 6462: 6417: 6341: 6322: 6310: 5988: 5816: 5473: 5419: 5257: 5245: 5215: 4949: 4606: 4588: 4576: 4564: 4282: 4130: 849: 3471: 2802: 2588: 2390: 1801: 6862: 6852: 6804: 6791: 6541: 6505: 6143: 6008: 5893: 5887: 5727: 5655: 5533: 5523: 5455: 5003: 4755: 4737: 4294: 4190: 4058: 4028: 3968: 1333: 1296: 1195:
appeared to confirm Sweden had shared intelligence with foreign intelligence agencies, revealing Sweden had provided the
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passed the bill on 18 June 2008, after a heated debate amid public protests, and it went into effect on 1 January 2009.
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of the court is a chairman and two special members, and each case is assessed and approved individually. A special
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The FRA is not allowed to initialize any surveillance on their own, and operates purely on assignment from the
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In 2008, the Swedish public interest litigator Centrum för rÀttvisa brought at case against the FRA to the
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Criticised for being too far-reaching, in an attempt to address the privacy concerns raised during the
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The court has been led by former district court chairman Lieutenant Colonel Runar Viksten since 2009.
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Prior to the change in legislation, the main law regulating FRA was the defence intelligence act (
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FRA's operational activity are organized into four departments: The Signals Intelligence Service (
6912: 6710: 5970: 5043: 4963: 1109: 908: 569: 439:, this ability mostly ceased as politicians did not see its value and did not grant funding. The 1599: 556:) disappeared during a signal intelligence reconnaissance mission east of the Swedish island of 6917: 6553: 6241: 6161: 6020: 4973: 3885: 3875: 3248: 1329: 1292: 987: 455: 420: 1991: 1779: 49: 6809: 6559: 6519: 6433: 6407: 5360: 5307: 5261: 3557: 980: 2532:Àr dÀrför inte rimligt att en stÀndig samverkan kring överföringen skall ske med alla dessa. 1332:, calling on Sweden to ensure its legislative frameworks were in line with the standards of 734:
Interception of signals is done from fixed sites on Swedish territory, from the SIGINT ship
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and to combat threats to national security more effectively, such as terrorism and serious
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and SÄPO to make use of the FRA as well, under otherwise unchanged regulations. The bill (
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have been quoted as saying, "should render the debate on mass surveillance invalid."
1230: 1224: 893: 830: 754: 574: 465: 286: 31: 818: 431:. These departments succeeded, for instance, to decode the Russian Baltic Sea Fleet 285:(SIGINT), and support to government authorities and state-owned companies regarding 6779: 6379: 3958: 1415: 1178: 1064: 947: 873: 728: 619: 611: 603: 595: 519: 499:. In the 1960s, even the location of the FRA headquarters was still highly secret. 262: 197: 100: 1510:"Budgetpropositionen Försvarsdepartementet "Försvar och samhÀllets krisberedskap"" 1203: 647: 6819: 6734: 6722: 6179: 6000: 4492: 3979: 2468: 2015: 1001: 936: 834: 799: 543: 2143: 3700: 3687: 3562: 3426: 3381: 3192: 3132: 3002: 2596: 2567: 2394: 2268: 2178: 1805: 1192: 665: 618:) and The Department for Technical Development and Other Technical Assistance ( 3638: 1252:. This change comes after the amendment to the law, with the establishment of 6846: 6645: 2971: 1913: 1288: 1264: 1113: 912: 869: 769: 750: 746: 712: 677: 578: 473: 428: 149: 121: 108: 3683: 1083:
All SIGINT has to be authorized by the Defence Intelligence Court (Swedish:
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FRA is subject to regular reviews by several external government agencies.
943: 811: 807: 742: 565: 553: 523: 485: 440: 36: 6774: 3288: 3217:"NSA "asking for" specific exchanges from FRA - Secret treaty since 1954" 436: 3406: 3405:(in Swedish). National Defence Radio Establishment. 2009. Archived from 972:, military equipment and items referred to in the law on the control of 1185: 865: 822: 561: 1939: 786:
The FRA has a long history of intercepting radio signals, as the main
6688: 6678: 6650: 5948: 3320: 2837: 1965: 1890: 1857: 1631:"Datainspektionens redovisning av regeringsuppdraget Fö2009/355/SUND" 1105: 958: 496: 492: 460: 2493: 1538:"Björn Lyrvall ny generaldirektör för Försvarets radioanstalt (FRA)" 329: 6759: 6727: 5185: 4983: 3450:"Swedish Surveillance Regime in the European Court of Human Rights" 2752: 2147: 2126: 2037: 1826: 1754: 1714: 1059:. In 2008, prior to the change in legislation, a news report from 911:, the Government soon thereafter proposed an amendment to the law ( 810:
in 2003, resulting in a report suggesting a change in legislation (
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since 1942. However, up until 2009 the FRA was limited to wireless
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Signals Intelligence has existed in Sweden since 1905 when Swedish
3031:(in Swedish). National Defence Radio Establishment. Archived from 2935:"FörstÀrkt integritetsskydd vid signalspaning (Prop. 2008/09:201)" 2912: 2886: 2416: 2299:"FörstÀrkt integritetsskydd vid signalspaning (Prop. 2008/09:201)" 1778:(in Swedish). National Defence Radio Establishment. Archived from 1672:(in Swedish). National Defence Radio Establishment. Archived from 1598:(in Swedish). National Defence Radio Establishment. Archived from 1480:(in Swedish). National Defence Radio Establishment. Archived from 1260:. The court also hear each case on an individual basis, something 724: 491:
The first stationary collection site was located in the middle of
92: 6764: 6703: 6395: 6294: 3347: 3082: 2778: 2676: 2544: 1749:(in Swedish). Bromma: Försvarets radioanstalt (FRA). p. 27. 1449: 1208: 1040: 901: 897: 583: 557: 527: 1709:(in Swedish). Bromma: Försvarets radioanstalt (FRA). p. 8. 5665: 5431: 4306: 3669: 3505:"Datainspektionen rapporterar sitt FRA-uppdrag till regeringen" 3216: 1943: 1917: 1830: 1475:"Öppen version av Försvarets radioanstalts Ă„rsredovisning 2009" 1395:
Appointed on 19 October 2016 and took office on 1 January 2017.
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omfattar att förebygga eller utreda brott i största allmÀnhet.
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Rosell, Marianne; Ljungqvist, Arne; Åhgren, Åsa, eds. (1992).
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Rosell, Marianne; Ljungqvist, Arne; Åhgren, Åsa, eds. (1992).
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could use FRA's SIGINT capabilities. But after criticism from
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a foreign powers actions or intentions of vital importance to
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foreign intelligence operations against national interests, or
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In 2010, a report issued after a two year long review by the
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The Defence Intelligence Commission official site (Swedish)
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respectively, had departments for signals intelligence and
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Utredningen om översyn av Försvarets radioanstalt (2003).
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Avdelningen för teknisk utveckling och annat tekniskt stöd
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Signals intelligence by alliances, nations and industries
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both stressed when the legislation was debated in 2008.
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Statens inspektion för försvarsunderrÀttelseverksamheten
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The Defence Intelligence Court official site (Swedish)
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The National Defence Radio Establishment official site
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On 13 June 1952, the Swedish Air Force aircraft Tp 79
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Bynert, Simon; Johansson, Emma (26 September 2008).
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Signals intelligence operational platforms by nation
2964:"In English: The Swedish Data Protection Authority" 768:credited FRA with owning the world's fifth fastest 4009: 3344:"Sweden key partner for U.S. spying on Russia: TV" 3128:"FRA-chefen bekrĂ€ftar hemligt utbyte av uppgifter" 2797: 2795: 2201:Kallin, Jenny; Hernadi, Alexandra (18 June 2008). 1625: 1623: 1621: 1619: 1617: 723:The main headquarters is located on the island of 3023: 3021: 1664: 1662: 1256:and a narrowed scope, giving it more emphasis on 1078: 965:that could threaten important national interests, 637:The following is a list of the Director-Generals: 610:), The Department for Internal Support Services ( 6844: 3125: 2991: 2989: 2775:"Lag (2009:966) om FörsvarsunderrĂ€ttelsedomstol" 2019:Försvarets radioanstalt - en översyn: betĂ€nkande 1590: 1588: 1366:Similar government agencies in other countries: 931:), SIGINT is only permitted in order to assess: 892:; while opponents to the law claimed it enabled 3668: 2792: 2647:Olsson, Lova; Hennel, Lena (14 December 2010). 2469:"Internetbolag ovetande om FRA:s signalspaning" 2360: 1743:Defence Radio Establishment 50 years: 1942-1992 1703:Defence Radio Establishment 50 years: 1942-1992 1614: 1561: 1559: 3587:"Svenskt spioneri fĂ„r kritik i EU-parlamentet" 3018: 1659: 1142:The Defence Intelligence Commission (Swedish: 1116:) in 2009, and did not express any objection: 3995: 3654: 3531:"Datainspektionen klar med granskning av FRA" 2986: 2333:"Alliansen enig om stora Ă€ndringar i FRA-lag" 2200: 2167: 2165: 1585: 3310: 2755:(in Swedish). FörsvarsunderrĂ€ttelsedomstolen 2646: 2561: 1556: 1191:In 2013, documents provided to the media by 1165: 356:introducing citations to additional sources 3555: 3422:"Socialdemokraterna vill behĂ„lla FRA-lagen" 2833:"Nya FRA-domaren har uppdrag för försvaret" 2105:En anpassad försvarsunderrĂ€ttelseverksamhet 2098: 2096: 2094: 1469: 1467: 1413: 1158:is a public authority, organized under the 844:); and the telecommunications act of 1993 ( 707: 602:), The Department for Internet Operations ( 589: 507: 4002: 3988: 3741:Defence Conscription and Assessment Agency 3661: 3647: 3378:"FRA-spaning inte sĂ„ stor som framstĂ€llts" 3102:"Sverige: FRA erkĂ€nner informationsutbyte" 3029:"Datainspektionens granskning av FRA klar" 2356: 2354: 2162: 2064: 2062: 2060: 2058: 2056: 2054: 2052: 2050: 957:strategic matters regarding international 922: 3249:"Read the Snowden Documents From the NSA" 3246: 3214: 2466: 2331:Sjögren, Per-Anders (25 September 2008). 2326: 2324: 2322: 1047:, and went into force on 1 January 2013. 1043:on 28 November 2012 with the help of the 3826:Psychological Defence Planning Committee 3099: 2696:"FRA lagrar svenska telesamtal och mejl" 2393:(in Swedish). Regeringen. Archived from 2293: 2291: 2289: 2287: 2091: 1886:"FRA köper gigantisk superdator frĂ„n HP" 1738:Försvarets radioanstalt 50 Ă„r: 1942-1992 1698:Försvarets radioanstalt 50 Ă„r: 1942-1992 1504: 1502: 1464: 1287:expressed its opinion on the amendment ( 986:conflicts abroad with ramifications for 942:conditions for Swedish participation in 872:), generally referred to the "FRA law" ( 781: 711: 346:Relevant discussion may be found on the 6893:Government agencies established in 1942 3936:Defence Committee on Public Information 3584: 3452:. Centre for Justice. 24 September 2015 3419: 2915:[About SIUN] (in Swedish). SIUN 2351: 2330: 2174:"Snabbguide: Vad handlar FRA-lagen om?" 2069:Hernadi, Alexandra (30 November 2009). 2068: 2047: 1989: 1963: 1853:"FRA femma pĂ„ vĂ€rldens superdatorlista" 1031:(SÄPO), a change was made allowing The 6845: 3375: 3247:Rensfeldt, Gunnar (11 December 2013). 2693: 2617: 2562:Ridderstolpe, Erik (14 October 2009). 2467:Rensfeldt, Gunnar (19 December 2013). 2363:"MilitĂ€rt hot villkor för FRA-spaning" 2319: 2229: 2138: 2136: 1377:Government Communications Headquarters 1270: 954:in the implementation of such efforts, 537: 367:"National Defence Radio Establishment" 3983: 3642: 3215:Rensfeldt, Gunnar (8 December 2013). 3160:"FRA-chef medger byte av information" 3126:ThelĂ©nius-Wanler, Emma (2008-07-09). 2998:"DI positiv till FRA men ser brister" 2830: 2284: 2171: 1966:"Matematiken knĂ€ckte den tyska koden" 1883: 1850: 1499: 1150:The Swedish Data Protection Authority 3354:from the original on 5 December 2013 2995: 2649:"Nu ger S SĂ€po rĂ€tt att signalspana" 1670:"TillstĂ„nd, kontroll och granskning" 1440: 1438: 1436: 1214: 323: 259:National Defence Radio Establishment 41:National Defence Radio Establishment 20:National Defence Radio Establishment 6792:Surveillance issues in smart cities 3585:Haglund, Fredrik (9 January 2014). 3188:"Sverige samarbetar med diktaturer" 2133: 1138:The Defence Intelligence Commission 699:Charlotta Gustafsson (2017–present) 577:admitted to Swedish Prime Minister 16:Swedish signals intelligence agency 13: 5214:South Korea: Intelligence Bureau, 3871:Defence and Security Export Agency 3558:"Sverige behöver skĂ€rpt dataskydd" 3556:Ström Melin, Annika (2014-02-11). 3316:"FRA spionerar pĂ„ Ryssland Ă„t USA" 3284:"FRA spionerar pĂ„ Ryssland Ă„t USA" 3278: 3154: 2831:Kleja, Monica (19 November 2009). 2719: 2620:"Klubbat: Polisen fĂ„r anvĂ€nda FRA" 2258: 2230:Olsson, Tobias (14 October 2009). 1414:Klackenberg, Henrik (2013-05-03). 776: 14: 6934: 3831:Air Force Materiel Administration 3746:Foreign Intelligence Inspectorate 3634:Swedish Data Protection Authority 3608: 3535:Swedish Data Protection Authority 3509:Swedish Data Protection Authority 3403:"FRA PĂ„stĂ„enden och klargöranden" 2968:Swedish Data Protection Authority 2564:"SĂ€po kritisk till nya FRA-lagen" 2264:"Ändrad FRA-lag nu ute pĂ„ remiss" 2203:"FRA-protester utanför riksdagen" 2144:"Sweden approves wiretapping law" 2071:"I morgon börjar FRA-lagen gĂ€lla" 1640:. 6 December 2010. Archived from 1638:Swedish Data Protection Authority 1433: 1308:Swedish Data Protection Authority 1304:Swedish Data Protection Authority 1156:Swedish Data Protection Authority 1050: 968:development and proliferation of 950:or any threat to the security of 790:producing and managing SIGINT in 502: 314:Swedish Data Protection Authority 5430:Congo (Democratic Republic of): 4838:Congo (Democratic Republic of): 4165:Congo (Democratic Republic of): 3784: 3766:Accident Investigation Authority 2753:"FörsvarsunderrĂ€ttelsedomstolen" 2494:"6 kap. 21 § LEK (SES 2003:389)" 2444:. pp. 83–86 (section 7.3.7) 1567:"Ny överdirektör utsedd för FRA" 979:serious external threats to the 339:relies largely or entirely on a 328: 281:. The two main tasks of FRA are 48: 30: 3881:Armed Forces Chemical Institute 3841:Aeronautical Research Institute 3726:Defence Materiel Administration 3578: 3549: 3523: 3497: 3464: 3442: 3413: 3395: 3369: 3336: 3304: 3272: 3240: 3208: 3180: 3148: 3119: 3100:Friström, Pamela (2008-07-10). 3093: 3075: 3047: 2956: 2927: 2905: 2879: 2857: 2824: 2767: 2745: 2725:"Ingen förundersökning mot FRA" 2713: 2687: 2669: 2611: 2581: 2555: 2537: 2504: 2486: 2460: 2427: 2409: 2383: 2252: 2223: 2194: 2009: 1983: 1957: 1932: 1906: 1877: 1851:Melin, Jan (13 November 2007). 1844: 1819: 1794: 1768: 1728: 1688: 1389: 716:FRA SIGINT tower in KĂ„seberga, 616:Avdelningen för verksamhetsstöd 608:Avdelningen för cyberverksamhet 6873:Military intelligence agencies 3941:Board of Civilian Preparedness 3931:Board of Psychological Defence 3921:Commission of Economic Defence 3420:Larsson, Mats J (2013-09-10). 3376:Bjurbo, Peter (10 July 2008). 2694:Struwe, Filip (16 June 2008). 2618:Videla, Emanuel (2012-11-28). 1540:(Press release) (in Swedish). 1530: 1407: 1311:FRA for not following the law. 1278:European Court of Human Rights 1254:The Defence Intelligence Court 1181:of FRA Ingvar Åkesson and the 1172:Global surveillance disclosure 1086:FörsvarsunderrĂ€ttelsedomstolen 1079:The Defence Intelligence Court 1063:, based on an account from an 1010:The Defence Intelligence Court 859: 656:Karl Gustaf Linden (1963–1972) 1: 6888:1942 establishments in Sweden 6883:Swedish intelligence agencies 6868:Signals intelligence agencies 6858:Government agencies of Sweden 6683:List of intelligence agencies 5622:Republic of North Macedonia: 5096:Republic of North Macedonia: 4455:Republic of North Macedonia: 3906:Naval Materiel Administration 1992:"Hemligt FRA visar historien" 1914:"Top500 List - November 2013" 1401: 1250:Swedish National Police Board 1033:Swedish National Police Board 852:), as a result of changes in 659:Lars R. Ljunggren (1972–1985) 629: 464:requested to use the Swedish 306:Swedish National Police Board 25:Försvarets radioanstalt (FRA) 3861:Quartermaster Administration 3816:Army Ordnance Administration 3801:Army Materiel Administration 3756:Psychological Defence Agency 3593:(in Swedish). Europaportalen 2841:(in Swedish). Archived from 1861:(in Swedish). Archived from 1804:(in Swedish). Archived from 1383: 1314:In 2014, as a result of the 1183:Minister for Foreign Affairs 1096:), a special court based in 1070: 831:Cabinet of Fredrik Reinfeldt 760: 683:Björn Lyrvall (2019–present) 568:) was shot down by a Soviet 57:Signals Intelligence Service 7: 6536:Crime Intelligence Division 5426:CMC JSD Intelligence Bureau 3901:Air Protection Inspectorate 3896:Emergency Management Agency 3771:Agency for Defence Analysis 3731:Defence Radio Establishment 2545:"§2 & §a2 SFS 2008:717" 1990:Rittsel, PĂ€r (2006-03-28). 1964:Rittsel, PĂ€r (2010-09-14). 1420:National Archives of Sweden 1416:"Nya heraldiska vapen 2008" 1344: 970:weapons of mass destruction 796:communications intelligence 690:Johan Tunberger (2000–2003) 600:SignalunderrĂ€ttelsetjĂ€nsten 10: 6939: 6863:Cryptography organizations 6853:Defence agencies of Sweden 6780:Turbulence (NSA programme) 6716:Mass surveillance in China 3969:Ministry for Naval Affairs 3916:Military Physics Institute 3851:Defence Research Institute 3806:Army Supply Administration 3794:Former government agencies 3761:Civil Contingencies Agency 3751:Foreign Intelligence Court 3705:Minister for Civil Defence 3479:The Council on Legislation 2810:The Council on Legislation 2172:RosĂ©n, Hans (2009-08-24). 1285:The Council on Legislation 1218: 1169: 1127:The Council on Legislation 833:and Minister for Defence, 802:in a government appointed 696:Christina Malm (2008–2015) 674:Ingvar Åkesson (2003-2013) 643: 640:Deputy Director-Generals: 541: 518:In the final stage of the 511: 319: 6800: 6669: 6636: 6568: 6432: 6240: 6125: 5839: 5359: 4709: 4018: 3954: 3946:Board of Economic Defence 3793: 3782: 3713: 3679: 3314:/Ny Teknik (2013-12-05). 2996:Carp, Ossi (2010-12-07). 1884:Melin, Jan (2007-06-05). 1237:and seek authorization." 1166:International cooperation 976:and technical assistance, 753:aircraft operated by the 275:Swedish government agency 245: 229: 219: 183: 156: 145: 137: 122:59.3320528°N 17.8539111°E 87: 77: 69: 64: 47: 29: 24: 4778:Bosnia and Herzegovina: 4105:Bosnia and Herzegovina: 3964:Ministry of Land Defence 3196:(in Swedish). 2008-09-14 1371:National Security Agency 1057:Data Retention Directive 1029:Swedish Security Service 944:peace support operations 708:Facilities and equipment 671:Per KjellnĂ€s (1994–2003) 590:Organizational structure 532:Operation Stella Polaris 514:Operation Stella Polaris 508:Operation Stella Polaris 310:Swedish Security Service 6711:Great Firewall of China 3736:Defence Research Agency 2812:. 2009-05-07. p. 4 1827:"Lists / November 2007" 1242:Social Democratic Party 1221:Current legal framework 1110:information sensitivity 1045:Social Democratic Party 923:Current legal framework 909:parliamentary procedure 800:Göran Persson's cabinet 653:Gustaf Tham (1957–1963) 267:Försvarets radioanstalt 210:Deputy Director-General 6820:Law enforcement agency 6694:Diplomatic cable leaks 6162:Air Intelligence Group 4671:United Arab Emirates: 3926:Rescue Services Agency 1330:non-binding resolution 1132: 998:Swedish foreign policy 988:international security 927:According to the law ( 877: 720: 693:Anders Wik (2003–2008) 662:PĂ€r Kettis (1985–1989) 623: 615: 607: 599: 266: 127:59.3320528; 17.8539111 4012:intelligence agencies 3591:www.europaportalen.se 1118: 981:public infrastructure 886:Internet surveillance 814:). In July 2005, the 782:Change in legislation 715: 526:threatened to occupy 454:In 1937, the Swedish 237:Regleringsbrev (2014) 3856:Administration Board 3692:Minister for Defence 3472:"Opinion 2009-05-07" 2942:Government of Sweden 2803:"Opinion 2009-05-07" 2593:Government of Sweden 2519:Government of Sweden 2442:Government of Sweden 2397:on 28 September 2008 2306:Government of Sweden 1776:"FRA:s organisation" 1542:Government of Sweden 1517:Government of Sweden 1351:Signals intelligence 1262:Minister for Defence 1258:defence intelligence 1201:Minister for Defence 1129:, Opinion 2009-05-07 1025:Swedish Armed Forces 1015:Initially, only the 948:humanitarian efforts 816:Minister for Defence 804:committee of inquiry 745:, to be replaced by 522:, 1943–44, when the 352:improve this article 283:signals intelligence 277:organised under the 205:Charlotta Gustafsson 173:Minister for Defence 157:Minister responsible 82:Government of Sweden 55:Coat of arms of the 6832:Intelligence agency 3891:Krigsmaterielverket 3821:Civil Defence Board 3714:Government agencies 3673:Ministry of Defence 3350:. 5 December 2013. 3282:(5 December 2013). 3259:Sveriges Television 3227:Sveriges Television 2700:Sveriges Television 2473:Sveriges Television 2232:"Ja till FRA-lagen" 1327:European Parliament 1271:Reports and reviews 1160:Ministry of Justice 963:transnational crime 890:transnational crime 788:intelligence agency 538:The Catalina affair 470:Geheimfernschreiber 279:Ministry of Defence 224:Ministry of Defence 152:860,262,000 (2014) 118: /  21: 6908:Politics of Sweden 6878:Military of Sweden 6750:Call detail record 5296:Security Service ( 4479:Papua New Guinea: 3866:Intelligence Board 3254:Uppdrag granskning 3222:Uppdrag granskning 2867:(in Swedish). SIUN 2512:"Prop. 2006/07:63" 2435:"Prop. 2006/07:63" 1573:on 2 December 2016 1544:. 28 November 2019 1338:EU data protection 1021:Government Offices 952:national interests 946:and international 721: 298:Government Offices 141:approx. 700 (2009) 97:Ekerö Municipality 19: 6923:Mass surveillance 6840: 6839: 6787:National security 6105:Derzhspetszviazok 3977: 3976: 3846:Defence Factories 3697:Carl-Oskar Bohlin 3537:. 25 October 2016 3511:. 7 December 2010 3165:Svenska Dagbladet 3083:"9§ SFS 2008:717" 2730:Svenska Dagbladet 2677:"2§ SFS 2007:261" 2654:Svenska Dagbladet 2368:Svenska Dagbladet 2237:Svenska Dagbladet 2208:Svenska Dagbladet 2076:Svenska Dagbladet 1289:Prop. 2008/09:201 1231:mass surveillance 1225:Mass surveillance 1215:Mass surveillance 1114:Prop. 2008/09:201 1037:Prop. 2011/12:179 961:or other serious 913:Prop. 2008/09:201 894:mass surveillance 755:Swedish Air Force 705: 704: 575:Nikita Khrushchev 466:telephone network 417: 416: 402: 287:computer security 255: 254: 184:Agency executives 6930: 6558:United Kingdom: 6481:Baintelkam Polri 6406:United Kingdom: 6380:Rosfinmonitoring 6224:United Kingdom: 6202:Air Intelligence 6109:United Kingdom: 5794:United Kingdom: 5448:Czech Republic: 5294:United Kingdom: 4942:Baintelkam Polri 4850:Czech Republic: 4677:United Kingdom: 4183:Czech Republic: 4004: 3997: 3990: 3981: 3980: 3959:Allotment system 3788: 3787: 3663: 3656: 3649: 3640: 3639: 3603: 3602: 3600: 3598: 3582: 3576: 3575: 3573: 3571: 3553: 3547: 3546: 3544: 3542: 3527: 3521: 3520: 3518: 3516: 3501: 3495: 3494: 3488: 3486: 3476: 3468: 3462: 3461: 3459: 3457: 3446: 3440: 3439: 3437: 3435: 3417: 3411: 3410: 3399: 3393: 3392: 3390: 3388: 3373: 3367: 3366: 3361: 3359: 3340: 3334: 3333: 3331: 3329: 3308: 3302: 3301: 3299: 3297: 3276: 3270: 3269: 3267: 3265: 3244: 3238: 3237: 3235: 3233: 3212: 3206: 3205: 3203: 3201: 3184: 3178: 3177: 3175: 3173: 3158:(10 July 2008). 3152: 3146: 3145: 3143: 3141: 3123: 3117: 3116: 3114: 3112: 3097: 3091: 3090: 3079: 3073: 3072: 3070: 3068: 3059: 3051: 3045: 3044: 3042: 3040: 3035:on 30 April 2013 3025: 3016: 3015: 3013: 3011: 2993: 2984: 2983: 2981: 2979: 2970:. Archived from 2960: 2954: 2953: 2951: 2949: 2939: 2931: 2925: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2909: 2903: 2902: 2900: 2898: 2883: 2877: 2876: 2874: 2872: 2861: 2855: 2854: 2852: 2850: 2828: 2822: 2821: 2819: 2817: 2807: 2799: 2790: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2771: 2765: 2764: 2762: 2760: 2749: 2743: 2742: 2740: 2738: 2723:(21 July 2008). 2717: 2711: 2710: 2708: 2706: 2691: 2685: 2684: 2673: 2667: 2666: 2664: 2662: 2644: 2635: 2634: 2632: 2630: 2615: 2609: 2608: 2606: 2604: 2599:on 10 March 2014 2595:. Archived from 2585: 2579: 2578: 2576: 2574: 2559: 2553: 2552: 2541: 2535: 2534: 2528: 2526: 2521:. pp. 84–85 2516: 2508: 2502: 2501: 2490: 2484: 2483: 2481: 2479: 2464: 2458: 2457: 2451: 2449: 2439: 2431: 2425: 2424: 2413: 2407: 2406: 2404: 2402: 2387: 2381: 2380: 2378: 2376: 2358: 2349: 2348: 2346: 2344: 2339:on 10 March 2014 2328: 2317: 2316: 2314: 2312: 2303: 2295: 2282: 2281: 2279: 2277: 2256: 2250: 2249: 2247: 2245: 2227: 2221: 2220: 2218: 2216: 2198: 2192: 2191: 2189: 2187: 2169: 2160: 2159: 2157: 2155: 2140: 2131: 2130: 2110: 2100: 2089: 2088: 2086: 2084: 2066: 2045: 2044: 2013: 2007: 2006: 2004: 2002: 1987: 1981: 1980: 1978: 1976: 1961: 1955: 1954: 1952: 1950: 1936: 1930: 1929: 1927: 1925: 1910: 1904: 1903: 1901: 1899: 1881: 1875: 1874: 1872: 1870: 1848: 1842: 1841: 1839: 1837: 1823: 1817: 1816: 1814: 1813: 1798: 1792: 1791: 1789: 1787: 1782:on 10 March 2014 1772: 1766: 1765: 1763: 1757:. Archived from 1748: 1732: 1726: 1725: 1723: 1717:. Archived from 1708: 1692: 1686: 1685: 1683: 1681: 1676:on 10 March 2014 1666: 1657: 1656: 1654: 1652: 1646: 1635: 1627: 1612: 1611: 1609: 1607: 1596:"Uppdragsgivare" 1592: 1583: 1582: 1580: 1578: 1563: 1554: 1553: 1551: 1549: 1534: 1528: 1527: 1525: 1523: 1514: 1506: 1497: 1496: 1494: 1492: 1487:on 20 March 2014 1486: 1479: 1471: 1462: 1461: 1459: 1457: 1452:on 14 March 2014 1442: 1431: 1430: 1428: 1426: 1411: 1396: 1393: 1179:Director-General 1130: 1094: 1065:anonymous source 1039:) passed in the 1000:or security and 937:military threats 870:Prop. 2006/07:63 741:operated by the 729:Stockholm County 634: 633: 520:Continuation War 482:The Codebreakers 447:(predecessor to 412: 409: 403: 401: 360: 332: 324: 212: 211: 206: 201: 200: 198:Director-General 192: 176: 175: 167: 133: 132: 130: 129: 128: 123: 119: 116: 115: 114: 111: 101:Stockholm County 59: 52: 42: 34: 22: 18: 6938: 6937: 6933: 6932: 6931: 6929: 6928: 6927: 6843: 6842: 6841: 6836: 6796: 6735:Security agency 6723:Law enforcement 6671: 6665: 6638: 6632: 6570: 6564: 6435: 6428: 6412:United States: 6243: 6236: 6230:United States: 6128: 6121: 6115:United States: 5842: 5835: 5800:United States: 5362: 5355: 5316:United States: 4711: 4705: 4687:United States: 4020: 4014: 4008: 3978: 3973: 3950: 3789: 3785: 3780: 3709: 3675: 3667: 3611: 3606: 3596: 3594: 3583: 3579: 3569: 3567: 3554: 3550: 3540: 3538: 3529: 3528: 3524: 3514: 3512: 3503: 3502: 3498: 3484: 3482: 3474: 3470: 3469: 3465: 3455: 3453: 3448: 3447: 3443: 3433: 3431: 3418: 3414: 3401: 3400: 3396: 3386: 3384: 3374: 3370: 3357: 3355: 3342: 3341: 3337: 3327: 3325: 3309: 3305: 3295: 3293: 3277: 3273: 3263: 3261: 3245: 3241: 3231: 3229: 3213: 3209: 3199: 3197: 3186: 3185: 3181: 3171: 3169: 3153: 3149: 3139: 3137: 3124: 3120: 3110: 3108: 3098: 3094: 3081: 3080: 3076: 3066: 3064: 3057: 3053: 3052: 3048: 3038: 3036: 3027: 3026: 3019: 3009: 3007: 2994: 2987: 2977: 2975: 2962: 2961: 2957: 2947: 2945: 2937: 2933: 2932: 2928: 2918: 2916: 2911: 2910: 2906: 2896: 2894: 2887:"12 § 2008:717" 2885: 2884: 2880: 2870: 2868: 2863: 2862: 2858: 2848: 2846: 2845:on 4 March 2016 2829: 2825: 2815: 2813: 2805: 2801: 2800: 2793: 2783: 2781: 2773: 2772: 2768: 2758: 2756: 2751: 2750: 2746: 2736: 2734: 2718: 2714: 2704: 2702: 2692: 2688: 2675: 2674: 2670: 2660: 2658: 2645: 2638: 2628: 2626: 2616: 2612: 2602: 2600: 2587: 2586: 2582: 2572: 2570: 2560: 2556: 2543: 2542: 2538: 2524: 2522: 2514: 2510: 2509: 2505: 2492: 2491: 2487: 2477: 2475: 2465: 2461: 2447: 2445: 2437: 2433: 2432: 2428: 2415: 2414: 2410: 2400: 2398: 2389: 2388: 2384: 2374: 2372: 2359: 2352: 2342: 2340: 2329: 2320: 2310: 2308: 2301: 2297: 2296: 2285: 2275: 2273: 2257: 2253: 2243: 2241: 2228: 2224: 2214: 2212: 2199: 2195: 2185: 2183: 2170: 2163: 2153: 2151: 2142: 2141: 2134: 2119: 2108: 2102: 2101: 2092: 2082: 2080: 2067: 2048: 2030: 2014: 2010: 2000: 1998: 1988: 1984: 1974: 1972: 1962: 1958: 1948: 1946: 1938: 1937: 1933: 1923: 1921: 1920:. November 2013 1912: 1911: 1907: 1897: 1895: 1882: 1878: 1868: 1866: 1865:on 3 March 2016 1849: 1845: 1835: 1833: 1825: 1824: 1820: 1811: 1809: 1800: 1799: 1795: 1785: 1783: 1774: 1773: 1769: 1761: 1746: 1733: 1729: 1721: 1706: 1693: 1689: 1679: 1677: 1668: 1667: 1660: 1650: 1648: 1644: 1633: 1629: 1628: 1615: 1605: 1603: 1602:on 7 April 2014 1594: 1593: 1586: 1576: 1574: 1565: 1564: 1557: 1547: 1545: 1536: 1535: 1531: 1521: 1519: 1512: 1508: 1507: 1500: 1490: 1488: 1484: 1477: 1473: 1472: 1465: 1455: 1453: 1444: 1443: 1434: 1424: 1422: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1399: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1347: 1323:passed a motion 1273: 1227: 1217: 1174: 1168: 1152: 1140: 1131: 1125: 1088: 1081: 1073: 1053: 939:to the country, 925: 862: 835:Mikael Odenberg 806:led by General 784: 779: 777:Legal framework 763: 749:, and from two 710: 632: 592: 546: 544:Catalina affair 540: 516: 510: 505: 413: 407: 404: 361: 359: 345: 333: 322: 241: 215: 209: 208: 204: 196: 195: 194: 190: 179: 171: 170: 169: 163: 126: 124: 120: 117: 112: 109: 107: 105: 104: 103: 65:Agency overview 60: 54: 43: 40: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6936: 6926: 6925: 6920: 6915: 6913:Terrorism laws 6910: 6905: 6900: 6895: 6890: 6885: 6880: 6875: 6870: 6865: 6860: 6855: 6838: 6837: 6835: 6834: 6829: 6828: 6827: 6817: 6812: 6807: 6801: 6798: 6797: 6795: 6794: 6789: 6784: 6783: 6782: 6777: 6772: 6767: 6762: 6757: 6752: 6747: 6737: 6732: 6731: 6730: 6720: 6719: 6718: 6708: 6707: 6706: 6701: 6696: 6686: 6675: 6673: 6667: 6666: 6664: 6663: 6658: 6653: 6648: 6642: 6640: 6634: 6633: 6631: 6630: 6625: 6623:United Kingdom 6620: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6600: 6595: 6590: 6585: 6580: 6574: 6572: 6566: 6565: 6563: 6562: 6556: 6538: 6534:South Africa: 6532: 6526: 6508: 6498: 6488: 6477: 6471: 6465: 6459: 6453: 6447: 6440: 6438: 6430: 6429: 6427: 6426: 6420: 6410: 6404: 6398: 6388: 6384:Saudi Arabia: 6382: 6376: 6370: 6356: 6350: 6344: 6338: 6331: 6325: 6319: 6313: 6307: 6301: 6291: 6285: 6279: 6273: 6267: 6261: 6255: 6248: 6246: 6238: 6237: 6235: 6234: 6228: 6222: 6216: 6210: 6204: 6198: 6176: 6170: 6164: 6158: 6152: 6146: 6140: 6133: 6131: 6123: 6122: 6120: 6119: 6113: 6107: 6101: 6095: 6089: 6083: 6077: 6071: 6065: 6061:South Africa: 6059: 6055:Saudi Arabia: 6053: 6045: 6039: 5997: 5991: 5985: 5979: 5973: 5963: 5957: 5951: 5945: 5939: 5928: 5918: 5912: 5906: 5896: 5890: 5884: 5878: 5872: 5866: 5860: 5854: 5847: 5845: 5837: 5836: 5834: 5833: 5827: 5821: 5820: 5819: 5814: 5809: 5798: 5792: 5786: 5780: 5774: 5768: 5758: 5748: 5742: 5736: 5730: 5720: 5716:South Africa: 5714: 5708: 5702: 5696: 5686: 5682:Saudi Arabia: 5680: 5674: 5668: 5662: 5652: 5646: 5632: 5626: 5620: 5614: 5608: 5602: 5596: 5590: 5584: 5578: 5572: 5566: 5560: 5554: 5548: 5542: 5536: 5526: 5516: 5498: 5492: 5486: 5480: 5470: 5464: 5458: 5452: 5446: 5440: 5434: 5428: 5422: 5416: 5410: 5404: 5398: 5392: 5386: 5380: 5374: 5367: 5365: 5357: 5356: 5354: 5353: 5347: 5336: 5330: 5324: 5314: 5292: 5286: 5280: 5270: 5264: 5254: 5248: 5242: 5236: 5230: 5224: 5218: 5212: 5208:South Africa: 5206: 5200: 5194: 5188: 5184:Saudi Arabia: 5182: 5176: 5170: 5164: 5150: 5140: 5134: 5128: 5122: 5112: 5106: 5100: 5094: 5088: 5082: 5076: 5070: 5064: 5058: 5052: 5046: 5036: 5030: 5024: 5018: 5012: 5006: 4992: 4986: 4980: 4966: 4952: 4938: 4932: 4926: 4916: 4910: 4900: 4890: 4884: 4878: 4872: 4866: 4860: 4854: 4848: 4842: 4836: 4830: 4824: 4818: 4812: 4806: 4800: 4794: 4788: 4782: 4776: 4770: 4764: 4758: 4752: 4746: 4740: 4734: 4728: 4722: 4715: 4713: 4707: 4706: 4704: 4703: 4697: 4691: 4685: 4675: 4669: 4663: 4657: 4653:Turkmenistan: 4651: 4645: 4639: 4633: 4627: 4621: 4615: 4609: 4603: 4597: 4591: 4585: 4579: 4573: 4567: 4563:South Africa: 4561: 4555: 4549: 4543: 4537: 4533:Sierra Leone: 4531: 4525: 4521:Saudi Arabia: 4519: 4513: 4507: 4501: 4495: 4489: 4483: 4477: 4471: 4465: 4459: 4453: 4447: 4441: 4435: 4429: 4423: 4417: 4411: 4405: 4399: 4393: 4387: 4381: 4375: 4369: 4363: 4357: 4351: 4345: 4339: 4333: 4327: 4321: 4315: 4309: 4303: 4297: 4291: 4285: 4279: 4273: 4267: 4261: 4247: 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3335: 3303: 3271: 3239: 3207: 3193:Dagens Nyheter 3179: 3147: 3133:Dagens Nyheter 3118: 3104:(in Swedish). 3092: 3074: 3046: 3017: 3003:Dagens Nyheter 2985: 2955: 2940:(in Swedish). 2926: 2904: 2878: 2856: 2823: 2808:(in Swedish). 2791: 2777:(in Swedish). 2766: 2744: 2712: 2698:(in Swedish). 2686: 2668: 2636: 2622:(in Swedish). 2610: 2591:(in Swedish). 2580: 2568:Sveriges Radio 2566:(in Swedish). 2554: 2536: 2503: 2485: 2471:(in Swedish). 2459: 2426: 2417:"SFS 2008:717" 2408: 2382: 2350: 2318: 2304:(in Swedish). 2283: 2269:Dagens Nyheter 2262:(2008-12-22). 2251: 2222: 2193: 2179:Dagens Nyheter 2161: 2150:. 19 June 2008 2132: 2117: 2090: 2046: 2028: 2008: 1994:(in Swedish). 1982: 1968:(in Swedish). 1956: 1931: 1905: 1876: 1843: 1818: 1793: 1767: 1764:on 2016-03-11. 1727: 1724:on 2016-03-11. 1687: 1658: 1647:on 3 June 2014 1636:(in Swedish). 1613: 1584: 1555: 1529: 1515:(in Swedish). 1498: 1463: 1432: 1418:(in Swedish). 1405: 1403: 1400: 1398: 1397: 1387: 1385: 1382: 1381: 1380: 1374: 1364: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1346: 1343: 1342: 1341: 1312: 1300: 1281: 1272: 1269: 1216: 1213: 1193:Edward Snowden 1167: 1164: 1151: 1148: 1139: 1136: 1123: 1080: 1077: 1072: 1069: 1052: 1051:Data retention 1049: 1006: 1005: 1002:defence policy 994: 991: 984: 977: 974:dual-use items 966: 955: 940: 924: 921: 861: 858: 819:Leni Björklund 783: 780: 778: 775: 762: 759: 709: 706: 703: 702: 701: 700: 697: 694: 691: 686: 685: 684: 681: 675: 672: 669: 666:Bengt Wallroth 663: 660: 657: 654: 651: 642: 641: 638: 631: 628: 591: 588: 542:Main article: 539: 536: 512:Main article: 509: 506: 504: 503:Notable events 501: 480:, in his book 451:) was solved. 415: 414: 350:. Please help 336: 334: 327: 321: 318: 253: 252: 247: 243: 242: 240: 239: 233: 231: 227: 226: 221: 217: 216: 214: 213: 202: 187: 185: 181: 180: 178: 177: 160: 158: 154: 153: 147: 143: 142: 139: 135: 134: 89: 85: 84: 79: 75: 74: 71: 67: 66: 62: 61: 53: 45: 44: 35: 27: 26: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6935: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6918:Law of Sweden 6916: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6906: 6904: 6901: 6899: 6896: 6894: 6891: 6889: 6886: 6884: 6881: 6879: 6876: 6874: 6871: 6869: 6866: 6864: 6861: 6859: 6856: 6854: 6851: 6850: 6848: 6833: 6830: 6826: 6823: 6822: 6821: 6818: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6808: 6806: 6803: 6802: 6799: 6793: 6790: 6788: 6785: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6773: 6771: 6768: 6766: 6763: 6761: 6758: 6756: 6753: 6751: 6748: 6746: 6743: 6742: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6729: 6726: 6725: 6724: 6721: 6717: 6714: 6713: 6712: 6709: 6705: 6702: 6700: 6697: 6695: 6692: 6691: 6690: 6687: 6684: 6680: 6677: 6676: 6674: 6668: 6662: 6659: 6657: 6654: 6652: 6649: 6647: 6646:Club de Berne 6644: 6643: 6641: 6635: 6629: 6628:United States 6626: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6601: 6599: 6596: 6594: 6591: 6589: 6586: 6584: 6581: 6579: 6576: 6575: 6573: 6567: 6561: 6557: 6555: 6551: 6547: 6543: 6539: 6537: 6533: 6531: 6527: 6525: 6521: 6517: 6513: 6509: 6507: 6503: 6500:Philippines: 6499: 6497: 6493: 6489: 6486: 6482: 6478: 6476: 6472: 6470: 6466: 6464: 6460: 6458: 6454: 6452: 6448: 6446: 6442: 6441: 6439: 6437: 6431: 6425: 6421: 6419: 6415: 6411: 6409: 6405: 6403: 6399: 6397: 6393: 6389: 6387: 6383: 6381: 6377: 6375: 6371: 6369: 6365: 6361: 6357: 6355: 6352:Netherlands: 6351: 6349: 6345: 6343: 6339: 6336: 6332: 6330: 6326: 6324: 6320: 6318: 6314: 6312: 6308: 6306: 6302: 6300: 6296: 6292: 6290: 6286: 6284: 6280: 6278: 6274: 6272: 6268: 6266: 6262: 6260: 6256: 6254: 6250: 6249: 6247: 6245: 6239: 6233: 6229: 6227: 6223: 6221: 6217: 6215: 6211: 6209: 6206:Philippines: 6205: 6203: 6199: 6197: 6193: 6189: 6185: 6181: 6177: 6175: 6172:New Zealand: 6171: 6169: 6165: 6163: 6159: 6157: 6153: 6151: 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5695: 5691: 5687: 5685: 5681: 5679: 5675: 5673: 5669: 5667: 5663: 5661: 5657: 5653: 5651: 5648:Philippines: 5647: 5645: 5641: 5637: 5633: 5631: 5627: 5625: 5621: 5619: 5616:North Korea: 5615: 5613: 5609: 5607: 5604:New Zealand: 5603: 5601: 5598:Netherlands: 5597: 5595: 5591: 5589: 5585: 5583: 5579: 5577: 5573: 5571: 5567: 5565: 5561: 5559: 5555: 5553: 5549: 5547: 5543: 5541: 5537: 5535: 5531: 5527: 5525: 5521: 5517: 5515: 5511: 5507: 5503: 5502:General Staff 5499: 5497: 5493: 5491: 5487: 5485: 5481: 5479: 5475: 5471: 5469: 5465: 5463: 5459: 5457: 5453: 5451: 5447: 5445: 5441: 5439: 5435: 5433: 5429: 5427: 5423: 5421: 5417: 5415: 5411: 5409: 5405: 5403: 5399: 5397: 5393: 5391: 5387: 5385: 5381: 5379: 5375: 5373: 5369: 5368: 5366: 5364: 5358: 5352: 5348: 5345: 5341: 5337: 5335: 5331: 5329: 5325: 5323: 5319: 5315: 5313: 5309: 5305: 5301: 5299: 5293: 5291: 5287: 5285: 5281: 5279: 5275: 5271: 5269: 5265: 5263: 5259: 5255: 5253: 5249: 5247: 5243: 5241: 5238:Switzerland: 5237: 5235: 5231: 5229: 5225: 5223: 5219: 5217: 5213: 5211: 5207: 5205: 5201: 5199: 5195: 5193: 5189: 5187: 5183: 5181: 5177: 5175: 5171: 5169: 5165: 5163: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5149: 5145: 5142:Philippines: 5141: 5139: 5135: 5133: 5129: 5127: 5123: 5121: 5117: 5113: 5111: 5107: 5105: 5101: 5099: 5095: 5093: 5090:North Korea: 5089: 5087: 5083: 5081: 5078:New Zealand: 5077: 5075: 5072:Netherlands: 5071: 5069: 5065: 5063: 5059: 5057: 5053: 5051: 5047: 5045: 5041: 5037: 5035: 5031: 5029: 5025: 5023: 5019: 5017: 5013: 5011: 5007: 5005: 5001: 4997: 4993: 4991: 4987: 4985: 4981: 4979: 4975: 4971: 4967: 4965: 4961: 4957: 4953: 4951: 4947: 4943: 4939: 4937: 4933: 4931: 4927: 4925: 4921: 4917: 4915: 4911: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4899: 4895: 4891: 4889: 4885: 4883: 4879: 4877: 4873: 4871: 4867: 4865: 4861: 4859: 4855: 4853: 4849: 4847: 4843: 4841: 4837: 4835: 4831: 4829: 4825: 4823: 4819: 4817: 4813: 4811: 4807: 4805: 4801: 4799: 4795: 4793: 4789: 4787: 4783: 4781: 4777: 4775: 4771: 4769: 4765: 4763: 4759: 4757: 4754:Azerbaijan: 4753: 4751: 4747: 4745: 4741: 4739: 4735: 4733: 4729: 4727: 4723: 4721: 4717: 4716: 4714: 4708: 4702: 4698: 4696: 4692: 4690: 4686: 4684: 4682: 4676: 4674: 4670: 4668: 4664: 4662: 4658: 4656: 4652: 4650: 4646: 4644: 4640: 4638: 4634: 4632: 4628: 4626: 4622: 4620: 4616: 4614: 4610: 4608: 4604: 4602: 4599:Switzerland: 4598: 4596: 4592: 4590: 4586: 4584: 4580: 4578: 4574: 4572: 4569:South Korea: 4568: 4566: 4562: 4560: 4556: 4554: 4550: 4548: 4544: 4542: 4538: 4536: 4532: 4530: 4526: 4524: 4520: 4518: 4514: 4512: 4508: 4506: 4502: 4500: 4496: 4494: 4490: 4488: 4485:Philippines: 4484: 4482: 4478: 4476: 4472: 4470: 4469:Palace Office 4466: 4464: 4460: 4458: 4454: 4452: 4449:North Korea: 4448: 4446: 4442: 4440: 4437:New Zealand: 4436: 4434: 4431:Netherlands: 4430: 4428: 4424: 4422: 4418: 4416: 4412: 4410: 4406: 4404: 4400: 4398: 4394: 4392: 4388: 4386: 4382: 4380: 4376: 4374: 4370: 4368: 4364: 4362: 4358: 4356: 4352: 4350: 4346: 4344: 4340: 4338: 4334: 4332: 4328: 4326: 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5048:Luxembourg: 5008:Kazakhstan: 4760:Bangladesh: 4712:intelligence 4693:Uzbekistan: 4680: 4617:Tajikistan: 4425:Mozambique: 4413:Montenegro: 4347:Kyrgyzstan: 4335:Kazakhstan: 4087:Bangladesh: 4075:Azerbaijan: 4021:intelligence 3730: 3721:Armed Forces 3595:. 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The 882:SFS 1980:100 863: 850:SFS 2003:389 846:SFS 1993:597 842:SFS 2000:130 839: 821:published a 808:Owe Wiktorin 785: 764: 743:Swedish Navy 737: 733: 722: 593: 549: 547: 524:Soviet Union 517: 490: 486:World War II 481: 459: 453: 441:Swedish Navy 418: 405: 395: 388: 381: 374: 362: 338: 302:Armed Forces 291: 270: 258: 256: 230:Key document 91:RörbyvĂ€gen, 88:Headquarters 78:Jurisdiction 37:Coat of arms 6903:2009 in law 6898:2008 in law 6810:Coast guard 6775:Stone Ghost 6745:Big Brother 6608:New Zealand 6479:Indonesia: 6449:Australia: 6443:Argentina: 6333:Lithuania ( 6315:Indonesia: 6257:Australia: 6251:Argentina: 6154:Indonesia: 6136:Australia: 5930:Indonesia: 5850:Australia: 5823:Venezuela: 5738:Sri Lanka: 5698:Singapore: 5630:E-tjenesten 5568:Lithuania: 5528:Indonesia: 5514:SAHEFAVEDJA 5382:Australia: 5332:Venezuela: 5226:Sri Lanka: 5196:Singapore: 5124:Palestine: 5032:Lithuania: 4940:Indonesia: 4918:Hong Kong: 4742:Australia: 4730:Argentina: 4581:Sri Lanka: 4539:Singapore: 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Jonson 3358:5 December 1812:2010-09-29 1577:12 January 1548:9 December 1402:References 1235:show cause 1219:See also: 1186:Carl Bildt 1170:See also: 1017:Government 827:Ds 2005:30 823:memorandum 630:Leadership 562:Baltic Sea 478:David Kahn 408:March 2014 378:newspapers 294:Government 250:www.fra.se 165:PĂ„l Jonson 6755:Carnivore 6704:CIA leaks 6699:NSA leaks 6679:Espionage 6656:Maximator 6651:Five Eyes 6639:alliances 6578:Australia 6571:community 6528:Romania: 6512:BWiIK KGP 6422:Vatican: 6321:Ireland: 6303:Iceland: 6242:Financial 6220:TsVTI GRU 6174:GEOINT NZ 6142:Finland: 6103:Ukraine: 6041:Romania: 5941:Ireland: 5908:Germany: 5892:Finland: 5880:Croatia: 5829:Vietnam: 5788:Ukraine: 5670:Romania: 5610:Nigeria: 5592:Myanmar: 5586:Morocco: 5538:Ireland: 5494:Hungary: 5482:Germany: 5468:PE TIEDOS 5466:Finland: 5454:Denmark: 5436:Croatia: 5408:ADIV/SGRS 5406:Belgium: 5402:GRU MO RB 5400:Belarus: 5388:Austria: 5370:Algeria: 5338:Vietnam: 5288:Ukraine: 5202:Somalia: 5172:Romania: 5084:Nigeria: 5066:Moldova: 5038:Lebanon: 4968:Ireland: 4928:Hungary: 4892:Germany: 4886:Georgia: 4874:Finland: 4868:Estonia: 4856:Denmark: 4844:Croatia: 4808:Burundi: 4772:Belgium: 4766:Belarus: 4748:Austria: 4736:Armenia: 4718:Algeria: 4699:Vietnam: 4665:Ukraine: 4641:Tunisia: 4557:Somalia: 4509:Romania: 4443:Nigeria: 4419:Morocco: 4401:Moldova: 4377:Lebanon: 4365:Liberia: 4299:Ireland: 4269:Hungary: 4243:Germany: 4237:Georgia: 4213:Estonia: 4201:Ecuador: 4189:Denmark: 4171:Croatia: 4101:ADIV/SGRS 4099:Belgium: 4093:Belarus: 4081:Bahrain: 4063:Austria: 4057:Armenia: 4039:Algeria: 4033:Albania: 4010:National 3836:Air Staff 3321:Ny Teknik 2913:"Om SIUN" 2838:Ny Teknik 1940:"Top 500" 1891:Ny Teknik 1858:Ny Teknik 1384:Footnotes 1316:NSA leaks 1283:In 2009, 1106:ombudsman 1071:Oversight 959:terrorism 935:external 878:FRA-lagen 761:Computing 497:Stockholm 493:Stockholm 461:Wehrmacht 348:talk page 138:Employees 6760:Dishfire 6728:Interpol 6613:Pakistan 6520:ZOƚ KGSG 6510:Poland: 6461:Canada: 6434:Criminal 6400:Turkey: 6378:Russia: 6358:Poland: 6346:Mexico: 6293:France: 6281:Canada: 6275:Brazil: 6218:Russia: 6178:Poland: 6160:Israel: 6091:Turkey: 6073:Sweden: 6047:Russia: 6021:gOR 3.FO 5999:Poland: 5987:Norway: 5947:Israel: 5898:France: 5868:Canada: 5862:Brazil: 5782:Turkey: 5770:Taiwan: 5744:Sweden: 5718:SANDF-ID 5688:Serbia: 5676:Russia: 5654:Poland: 5628:Norway: 5594:Sa Ya Pa 5544:Israel: 5530:BAIS TNI 5510:SAHEFASA 5506:SAHEFAJA 5472:France: 5420:CFINTCOM 5418:Canada: 5412:Brazil: 5376:Angola: 5361:Military 5282:Uganda: 5272:Turkey: 5250:Taiwan: 5232:Sweden: 5190:Serbia: 5186:Mabahith 5178:Russia: 5152:Poland: 5102:Norway: 5026:Latvia: 5020:Kosovo: 5000:TMPD PSB 4984:Shin Bet 4982:Israel: 4912:Greece: 4880:France: 4814:Canada: 4796:Brunei: 4790:Brazil: 4724:Angola: 4710:Domestic 4659:Uganda: 4647:Turkey: 4611:Taiwan: 4593:Sweden: 4527:Serbia: 4515:Russia: 4491:Poland: 4461:Norway: 4395:Mexico: 4359:Latvia: 4353:Kuwait: 4329:Jordan: 4305:Israel: 4263:Greece: 4231:Gambia: 4225:France: 4141:Canada: 4123:Brunei: 4117:Brazil: 4045:Angola: 3597:10 March 3570:10 March 3485:10 March 3434:10 March 3387:10 March 3352:Archived 3328:10 March 3296:10 March 3264:10 March 3232:10 March 3200:10 March 3172:10 March 3140:10 March 3111:10 March 3067:10 March 3039:10 March 3010:10 March 2978:10 March 2948:10 March 2919:10 March 2897:10 March 2871:10 March 2849:10 March 2816:10 March 2784:10 March 2759:10 March 2737:10 March 2705:10 March 2661:10 March 2629:10 March 2603:10 March 2573:10 March 2525:21 March 2478:10 March 2448:21 March 2401:10 March 2375:10 March 2343:10 March 2311:10 March 2276:10 March 2244:10 March 2215:10 March 2186:10 March 2154:10 March 2148:BBC News 2083:10 March 2001:10 March 1975:10 March 1949:14 March 1924:14 March 1898:14 March 1869:14 March 1836:14 March 1786:14 March 1680:10 March 1651:10 March 1606:17 March 1522:13 March 1491:13 March 1456:13 March 1446:"Om FRA" 1425:14 March 1345:See also 1248:and The 1124:—  1023:and the 864:The new 566:Catalina 435:. 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Index


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SEK
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