812:
1215:
471:
Most historians have since agreed that the coupon essentially sealed the fate of those
Liberals who were not fortunate enough to receive the Coalition's backing. Those Liberals that Lloyd George chose to abandon were left defenceless against Coalition candidates, who had a full claim on the spirit of
350:
After the coalition won the general election and the non-coalition wing of the party had suffered catastrophic defeat, the split in the
Liberal Party became deeper. Of the 36 Liberal MPs elected without the coupon, nine supported the coalition. The others held a meeting and declared themselves to be
363:
and awkward hypocrisy but adamant on the need to compromise to solve major social, micro- and macro-economic problems, the Prime
Minister decided to set up his own party. A meeting was held in London on 18β19 January 1922. Its own National Liberal Council was formed. The division was complete, with
398:
On 13 November 1923, the leaders of the two
Liberal parties declared that "all candidates will be adopted and described as Liberals, and will be supported by the whole strength of the Party without regard to any past differences". This declaration marked the end of the National Liberal partyβalong
403:
the same month. However, the money that the
Coalition Liberal/National Liberals had accumulated from the sale of honours and other donations to finance the party were retained by Lloyd George as a separate political fund. It was officially known as the National Liberal Party fund in 1925 and then
228:
and its allies. Receiving the coupon was interpreted by the electorate as a sign of patriotism that helped candidates be elected, while those who did not receive it had a more difficult time as they were sometimes seen as being anti-war or pacifist. The letters were all dated 20 November 1918 and
351:
the
Liberal Parliamentary Party. During the course of the Parliament, the split spread through highest and lowest levels of the party organisation. At a meeting of the National Liberal Federation in May 1920, coalition ministers were shouted down, and the division became even more obvious.
467:
since 1916 recorded that once the 'coupon' had been allocated to his
Conservative opponent it was interpreted as a personal reflection upon him by his constituents who assumed he must have done something wrong for the Liberal prime minister to be seen offering his open support to a rival.
374:
With the end of the coalition, the
National Liberals had lost their reason for existing as a separate party. However, the bitterness caused by years of internal struggles made immediate Liberal reunion impossible and two parties retained their separate party organisations.
404:
changed its name to Lloyd George's
Political fund in 1931. This fund would remain a source of constant friction in the reunited Liberal party and would later lead to further divisions in the 1930s before disappearing in 1945 when Lloyd George's son
459:'s memoir of the time makes clear, many competent and patriotic candidates who did not receive the 'coupon', including sitting Liberal and Labour MPs, found themselves categorised as somehow anti-war or pacifist as a result.
290:, Chairman of the Conservative Party, over the summer of 1918, it was agreed that 150 Liberals were to be offered the support of the Prime Minister and the Leader of the Conservative Party at the next general election.
446:
Although the reunited
Liberal Party won a total of 158 seats in 1923, the party was reduced to a rump of 40 MPs in the 1924 general election, with Asquith losing his seat but Lloyd George remaining an MP.
2664:
347:
and some who were offered it rejected the support, but this marked a formal division between Coalition Liberal supporters of Lloyd George and those Liberals loyal to Asquith and the official party.
2418:
487:. Though the Liberal and National Liberals fought the 1923 election as one party, the political legacy of these earlier divisions would remain under the surface and re-emerge in the
332:. Asquith and many of his leading colleagues went into opposition, but at first it was not clear that the division in the Liberal Party would result in a formal party split.
2475:
191:, who supported the Coalition Government (1918β22) and subsequently a revival of the Coalition, after it ceased holding office. It was officially a breakaway from the
339:
decided to continue the coalition after the end of the war. The two leaders agreed to issue a letter to a single government supporter in most constituencies for the
2820:
898:
2850:
262:. We have every hope that the Electors will return you as their Representative in Parliament to support the government in the great task which lies before it.
2845:
1007:
722:
221:
2840:
2835:
2051:
224:. The overdue 1918 general election took place in the heady atmosphere of victory following the First World War and the desire for revenge against
1127:
2830:
2286:
475:
The election result was catastrophic for these Asquithian Liberals, who were decimated in the Coupon election. Only 28 were returned, and even
287:
391:
and introduce tariffs. Despite the deep hostility between the leaders of the Liberal and National Liberal parties, the call for a defence of
2815:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
1251:
778:
301:. Of those Liberals receiving the 'coupon' 136 were elected, whereas only 29 who did not receive the 'coupon' were returned to Parliament.
1390:
1374:
156:
308:
supporters of the Coalition (although most were repudiated by the official Labour Party) and some to members of the '"patriotic labour"
2825:
1686:
1662:
1654:
1438:
1299:
423:
as a National Liberal failed to be re-elected as a Liberal for Leicester in 1923. Churchill would return to the House of Commons as a "
2760:
1315:
2131:
2107:
1406:
1331:
1072:
1563:
1492:
979:
464:
2226:
2221:
1430:
1096:
904:
488:
480:
2163:
2003:
1678:
1414:
1398:
367:
Upon the Conservative Party's withdrawal from the Coalition, Lloyd George resigned as prime minister on 19 October 1922. The
427:" at the 1924 general election and rejoined the Conservative Party the following year. Others, like former Cabinet minister
2641:
2075:
1795:
1049:
864:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
542:
519:
484:
412:
368:
340:
309:
217:
185:
79:
2423:
2364:
2147:
1979:
1835:
1694:
1555:
1484:
1465:
420:
1915:
1803:
1185:
2775:
2519:
2511:
2067:
1771:
1670:
1057:
383:
The political landscape was changed once more when in late 1923 the new prime minister and Conservative Party leader
1819:
1763:
1283:
1244:
771:
213:
2720:
2654:
2155:
962:
304:
In addition to the Liberal and Conservative candidates who received the 'coupon' some letters were also sent to
2670:
2413:
2027:
1955:
1867:
1730:
1422:
1382:
1149:
726:
717:
371:
that followed was disastrous for both Liberal parties. Only 62 Liberals and 53 National Liberals were elected.
2529:
1811:
1571:
1339:
195:. The National Liberals ceased to exist in 1923 when Lloyd George agreed to a merger with the Liberal Party.
472:
national unity and patriotism that characterised Britain's war weary mood following the end of hostilities.
2577:
116:
2470:
2302:
2019:
1718:
1237:
1218:
1200:
1190:
1165:
764:
161:
328:
as prime minister in 1916, at the head of a coalition ministry most of whose parliamentary members were
2356:
2329:
1031:
151:
2524:
2270:
1971:
1939:
1931:
1702:
460:
408:
who was the only surviving trustee of the fund deposited what was left into a private bank account.
2783:
2583:
2278:
2262:
2083:
1347:
910:
443:, would eventually join Churchill and move over to the Conservative Party by the end of the 1920s.
125:
2676:
2035:
1603:
1323:
1307:
922:
329:
242:
2755:
2596:
2480:
2372:
2310:
1143:
576:
424:
2566:
2337:
1080:
995:
887:
801:
184:
from 1922 to 1923. It was created as a formal party organisation for those Liberals, led by
2715:
2694:
2625:
2589:
1875:
1779:
1175:
934:
916:
881:
344:
297:, 159 Liberal candidates received the 'coupon'. A few of these were Liberal supporters of
275:
Some coalition candidates included the wording of the letter in their election addresses.
8:
2788:
2485:
1170:
1013:
428:
405:
121:
2091:
1963:
1739:
1587:
1476:
1260:
1112:
1064:
1025:
951:
869:
787:
321:
234:
230:
192:
188:
136:
89:
38:
2294:
1907:
1787:
1195:
1104:
1019:
1001:
432:
416:
305:
811:
245:. As a result, the 1918 general election has become known as 'the coupon election'.
2725:
2688:
2633:
2501:
2171:
1899:
1851:
1755:
1180:
209:
2682:
2099:
2059:
1987:
1947:
1923:
1859:
1827:
1120:
875:
436:
384:
225:
141:
2710:
2700:
1747:
1500:
892:
181:
2809:
2115:
2011:
1995:
1891:
1843:
1516:
1457:
1355:
928:
476:
456:
395:
once more enabled all of them to unite around their most distinctive policy.
359:
Eventually, despairing of capturing the official Liberal Party, tainted with
325:
298:
283:
2187:
2043:
623:
33:
1160:
343:, which thus became known as the 'coupon election'. Not all loyal MPs got
2571:
2561:
2139:
1710:
1619:
1532:
440:
435:, whilst many former leading members of the National Liberals, including
258:
We have much pleasure in recognising you as the Coalition Candidate for
2179:
2123:
1883:
1635:
1524:
1508:
615:
392:
388:
279:
177:
129:
1155:
756:
336:
278:
Following confidential negotiations between Lloyd George's Coalition
238:
212:", often referred to as "the coupon", referred to the letter sent to
360:
2705:
1229:
387:
decided to call a general election to seek a mandate to abandon
1088:
99:
691:; Nelson & Sons, 1938 republished by Read Books, 2007 p126
364:
members rapidly deciding with which arm of the party to side.
620:
Lloyd George's Stage Army: The Coalition Liberals, 1918β1922
293:
According to the figures recorded in Trevor Wilson's book,
667:
Party Politics: Volume 2: The Growth of Parties, Volume 2.
415:
about half the former National Liberals lost their seats.
220:, endorsing them as official representatives of the
421:lost his Dundee seat in the 1922 general election
2807:
248:The letters all contained the same simple text:
2821:Defunct political parties in the United Kingdom
2671:Britain's Industrial Future ("The Yellow Book")
2615:
2851:National Liberal Party (UK, 1922) politicians
1245:
772:
489:British economic and political crisis of 1931
2846:1923 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
583:A Short History of the Liberal Party 1900β92
1292:Leaders in the House of Commons (1859β1916)
1252:
1238:
779:
765:
573:The History of the Liberal Party 1895β1970
2841:1922 establishments in the United Kingdom
2551:
1367:Leaders in the House of Lords (1859β1916)
335:Lloyd George and the Conservative leader
2836:Political parties disestablished in 1923
2455:Liberal Party Frontbench Team, 1976β1988
2450:Liberal Party Frontbench Team, 1967β1976
2445:Liberal Party Frontbench Team, 1956β1967
2440:Liberal Party Frontbench Team, 1945β1956
2211:
1073:The Life and Times of David Lloyd George
494:
604:History of the Liberal Party: 1895β1970
2808:
1097:A Dangerous Man: Lawrence After Arabia
786:
669:1961. Cambridge University Press. p264
585:, by Chris Cook (Macmillan Press 1993)
320:Lloyd George, a Liberal, replaced the
2831:Political parties established in 1922
2745:
2744:
2614:
2550:
2395:
2243:
2210:
1271:
1233:
760:
18:Political party in United Kingdom
2642:Independent Liberal Party (UK, 1918)
1050:The Life Story of David Lloyd George
865:1890 Caernarvon Boroughs by-election
702:Forty Years In and Out of Parliament
399:with the ending of its journal, the
2816:Liberal Party (UK) breakaway groups
606:; Sidgwick & Jackson, 1971 p121
13:
810:
14:
2862:
2826:Defunct liberal political parties
2776:National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)
2768:National Liberal Party (UK, 1922)
2520:National League of Young Liberals
2349:Coalitions with Liberal ministers
1259:
899:ClemenceauβLloyd George Agreement
750:; Politico's Publishing, 2004 p10
641:The Downfall of the Liberal Party
295:The Downfall of the Liberal Party
2255:Single party Liberal governments
1214:
1213:
748:The Times, House of Commons 1919
723:"Liberal Democrat History Group"
2655:Independent Liberals (UK, 1931)
2244:
741:
566:
1647:Leaders in the Lords (1916β88)
1272:
718:Liberal Democrat History Group
707:
694:
681:
672:
659:
646:
633:
609:
596:
537:National LiberalβConservative
378:
229:were signed by Prime Minister
1:
2419:Members of the House of Lords
2396:
589:
579:(Sidgwick & Jackson 1971)
479:lost the seat he had held in
401:Lloyd George Liberal Magazine
315:
110:Lloyd George Liberal Magazine
630:; Hamish Hamilton, 1971 p227
7:
2665:General election manifestos
2471:National Liberal Federation
2303:Campbell-Bannerman ministry
1201:Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor
1186:Lloyd George Knew My Father
1166:Grave of David Lloyd George
1150:Britain's Industrial Future
654:British Politics, 1910β1935
628:Lloyd George: Twelve Essays
10:
2867:
2616:History and related topics
2530:Women's Liberal Federation
2476:Liberal Party Organisation
2365:Second National Government
2330:Asquith coalition ministry
354:
198:
152:Politics of United Kingdom
63:13 November 1923
2751:
2740:
2621:
2610:
2557:
2546:
2525:Union of Liberal Students
2510:
2494:
2463:
2432:
2406:
2402:
2391:
2357:First National Government
2348:
2321:
2287:Fourth Gladstone ministry
2271:Second Gladstone ministry
2254:
2250:
2239:
2217:
2206:
1729:
1646:
1547:
1450:Overall Leaders (1916β88)
1449:
1366:
1291:
1282:
1278:
1267:
1209:
1136:
1041:
988:
972:
944:
857:
821:
808:
794:
704:; Andrew Melrose 1949 p76
450:
431:, had already joined the
310:National Democratic Party
203:
147:
135:
115:
105:
95:
85:
80:National Democratic Party
74:
59:
48:19 January 1922
44:
32:
23:
2784:Liberal Party (UK, 1989)
2279:Third Gladstone ministry
2263:First Gladstone ministry
1191:Lloyd George's Beer Song
1128:Parliament Square statue
911:Fontainebleau Memorandum
714:The 1918 coupon election
2578:Social Democratic Party
180:political party in the
137:Political position
2756:Liberal Unionist Party
2630:Coalition Government:
2481:Scottish Liberal Party
2373:Churchill war ministry
2322:Liberal-led coalitions
2311:First Asquith ministry
2028:Henley and Northington
957:National Liberal Party
905:Paris Peace Conference
815:
463:, who had been MP for
273:
260:(name of constituency)
174:National Liberal Party
26:National Liberal Party
2651:National Government:
2567:National Liberal Club
2552:Related organisations
2414:Members of Parliament
2338:Lloyd George ministry
996:Margaret Lloyd George
888:Minister of Munitions
814:
656:; Routledge, 2004 p80
495:Electoral performance
485:1886 general election
413:1923 general election
369:1922 general election
341:1918 general election
250:
218:1918 general election
2771:(David Lloyd George)
2716:Radical Reform Group
2626:Liberal Imperialists
2590:Ulster Liberal Party
2584:SDPβLiberal Alliance
2212:Leadership elections
1176:Lloyd George Society
1008:Richard Lloyd George
963:Independent Liberals
935:Carlton Club meeting
917:Treaty of Versailles
241:, the Leader of the
222:Coalition Government
78:Coalition Liberals,
2789:Michael Meadowcroft
2486:Welsh Liberal Party
1171:Lloyd George Museum
1042:Cultural depictions
1014:Gwilym Lloyd George
678:Jennings 1961, p264
429:Christopher Addison
406:Gwilym Lloyd George
254:(name of candidate)
122:British nationalism
1348:Campbell-Bannerman
1065:Edward the Seventh
1026:Megan Lloyd George
980:Carnarvon Boroughs
816:
788:David Lloyd George
243:Conservative Party
233:for the Coalition
231:David Lloyd George
216:candidates at the
189:David Lloyd George
39:David Lloyd George
2803:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2792:
2780:
2772:
2764:
2761:Spencer Cavendish
2746:Breakaway parties
2736:
2735:
2606:
2605:
2597:Liberal Democrats
2542:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2387:
2386:
2383:
2382:
2295:Rosebery ministry
2235:
2234:
2202:
2201:
2198:
2197:
1543:
1542:
1470:
1227:
1226:
1196:The Garden Suburb
1020:Olwen Carey Evans
1002:Frances Stevenson
822:General elections
564:
563:
425:Constitutionalist
417:Winston Churchill
170:
169:
157:Political parties
2858:
2786:
2778:
2770:
2758:
2742:
2741:
2726:Rockingham Whigs
2634:Coalition Coupon
2612:
2611:
2548:
2547:
2502:Liberal Assembly
2407:Parliamentarians
2404:
2403:
2393:
2392:
2376:
2368:
2360:
2341:
2333:
2314:
2306:
2298:
2290:
2282:
2274:
2266:
2252:
2251:
2241:
2240:
2208:
2207:
2191:
2183:
2175:
2167:
2159:
2151:
2143:
2135:
2127:
2119:
2111:
2103:
2095:
2087:
2079:
2071:
2063:
2055:
2047:
2039:
2031:
2023:
2015:
2007:
1999:
1991:
1983:
1975:
1967:
1959:
1951:
1943:
1935:
1927:
1919:
1911:
1903:
1895:
1887:
1879:
1871:
1863:
1855:
1847:
1839:
1831:
1823:
1815:
1807:
1799:
1791:
1783:
1775:
1767:
1759:
1751:
1743:
1722:
1714:
1706:
1698:
1690:
1682:
1674:
1666:
1658:
1639:
1631:
1623:
1615:
1607:
1599:
1591:
1583:
1575:
1567:
1559:
1536:
1528:
1520:
1512:
1504:
1496:
1488:
1480:
1472:
1468:
1461:
1442:
1434:
1426:
1418:
1410:
1402:
1394:
1386:
1378:
1359:
1351:
1343:
1335:
1327:
1319:
1311:
1303:
1289:
1288:
1280:
1279:
1269:
1268:
1254:
1247:
1240:
1231:
1230:
1217:
1216:
1181:Coalition Coupon
1137:Related articles
923:Genoa Conference
781:
774:
767:
758:
757:
751:
745:
739:
738:
736:
734:
725:. Archived from
711:
705:
698:
692:
685:
679:
676:
670:
665:Jennings, Ivor.
663:
657:
650:
644:
637:
631:
613:
607:
600:
556:
533:
499:
498:
461:Sir Percy Harris
268:D. Lloyd George
210:Coalition Coupon
86:Merged into
70:
68:
55:
53:
21:
20:
2866:
2865:
2861:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2855:
2806:
2805:
2804:
2795:
2747:
2732:
2617:
2602:
2593:
2574:
2553:
2534:
2506:
2490:
2459:
2428:
2398:
2379:
2371:
2363:
2355:
2344:
2336:
2328:
2317:
2309:
2301:
2293:
2285:
2277:
2269:
2261:
2246:
2231:
2213:
2194:
2186:
2178:
2170:
2162:
2154:
2146:
2138:
2130:
2122:
2114:
2106:
2098:
2090:
2082:
2074:
2066:
2058:
2050:
2042:
2034:
2026:
2018:
2010:
2002:
1994:
1986:
1978:
1970:
1962:
1954:
1946:
1938:
1930:
1922:
1914:
1906:
1898:
1890:
1882:
1874:
1866:
1858:
1850:
1842:
1834:
1826:
1818:
1810:
1802:
1794:
1786:
1778:
1770:
1762:
1754:
1746:
1738:
1725:
1717:
1709:
1701:
1693:
1685:
1677:
1669:
1661:
1653:
1642:
1634:
1626:
1618:
1610:
1602:
1594:
1586:
1578:
1570:
1562:
1554:
1539:
1531:
1523:
1515:
1507:
1499:
1491:
1483:
1475:
1464:
1456:
1445:
1437:
1429:
1421:
1413:
1405:
1397:
1389:
1381:
1373:
1362:
1354:
1346:
1338:
1330:
1322:
1314:
1306:
1298:
1274:
1263:
1258:
1228:
1223:
1205:
1132:
1121:The Lost Prince
1037:
984:
968:
940:
876:Marconi scandal
870:People's Budget
853:
817:
806:
790:
785:
755:
754:
746:
742:
732:
730:
729:on 29 July 2010
721:
720:website, 2008:
712:
708:
700:Harris, Percy,
699:
695:
687:Margaret Cole,
686:
682:
677:
673:
664:
660:
651:
647:
639:Wilson, Trevor
638:
634:
614:
610:
601:
597:
592:
569:
557:
554:
534:
531:
497:
453:
437:Frederick Guest
385:Stanley Baldwin
381:
357:
318:
206:
201:
166:
128:
124:
66:
64:
51:
49:
28:
27:
19:
12:
11:
5:
2864:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2801:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2781:
2773:
2765:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2738:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2718:
2713:
2711:Radical Action
2708:
2703:
2701:One more heave
2698:
2691:
2686:
2679:
2674:
2667:
2662:
2661:
2660:
2649:
2648:
2647:
2639:
2628:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2608:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2600:
2599:(1988-present)
2594:
2587:
2581:
2575:
2569:
2564:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2544:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2516:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2483:
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2369:
2361:
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2323:
2319:
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2307:
2299:
2291:
2283:
2275:
2267:
2258:
2256:
2248:
2247:
2237:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2218:
2215:
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2204:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2184:
2176:
2168:
2160:
2152:
2144:
2136:
2128:
2120:
2112:
2104:
2096:
2088:
2080:
2072:
2064:
2056:
2048:
2040:
2032:
2024:
2016:
2008:
2000:
1992:
1984:
1976:
1968:
1960:
1952:
1944:
1936:
1928:
1920:
1912:
1904:
1896:
1888:
1880:
1872:
1864:
1856:
1848:
1840:
1832:
1824:
1816:
1808:
1800:
1792:
1784:
1776:
1768:
1760:
1752:
1744:
1735:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1723:
1715:
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1699:
1691:
1683:
1675:
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1659:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1640:
1632:
1624:
1616:
1608:
1600:
1592:
1588:M Lloyd George
1584:
1576:
1568:
1560:
1551:
1549:
1548:Deputy Leaders
1545:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1537:
1529:
1521:
1513:
1505:
1497:
1489:
1481:
1473:
1462:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1443:
1435:
1427:
1419:
1411:
1403:
1395:
1387:
1379:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1352:
1344:
1336:
1328:
1320:
1312:
1304:
1295:
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1286:
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1265:
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1257:
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1234:
1225:
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1210:
1207:
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1198:
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1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1146:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1117:
1109:
1101:
1093:
1085:
1077:
1069:
1061:
1058:The Edwardians
1054:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1036:
1035:
1032:William George
1029:
1023:
1017:
1011:
1005:
999:
992:
990:
986:
985:
983:
982:
976:
974:
970:
969:
967:
966:
960:
954:
948:
946:
942:
941:
939:
938:
932:
926:
920:
914:
908:
902:
896:
893:Maurice Debate
890:
885:
879:
873:
867:
861:
859:
855:
854:
852:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
825:
823:
819:
818:
809:
807:
805:
804:
798:
796:
792:
791:
784:
783:
776:
769:
761:
753:
752:
740:
706:
693:
689:Women of Today
680:
671:
658:
652:David Powell,
645:
632:
608:
594:
593:
591:
588:
587:
586:
580:
568:
565:
562:
561:
558:
553:
551:
548:
545:
539:
538:
535:
530:
528:
525:
522:
516:
515:
512:
509:
506:
503:
496:
493:
452:
449:
380:
377:
356:
353:
317:
314:
288:George Younger
205:
202:
200:
197:
186:Prime Minister
182:United Kingdom
168:
167:
165:
164:
159:
154:
148:
145:
144:
139:
133:
132:
126:New liberalism
119:
113:
112:
107:
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
87:
83:
82:
76:
75:Merger of
72:
71:
61:
57:
56:
46:
42:
41:
36:
30:
29:
25:
24:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2863:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2813:
2811:
2790:
2785:
2782:
2779:("Simonites")
2777:
2774:
2769:
2766:
2762:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2743:
2739:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2684:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2659:
2658:in Opposition
2656:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2646:
2645:in Opposition
2643:
2640:
2638:
2637:in Government
2635:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2620:
2613:
2609:
2598:
2595:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2559:
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2549:
2545:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2464:State parties
2462:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2431:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2394:
2390:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
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2347:
2339:
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2327:
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2324:
2320:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2242:
2238:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2222:1967 (Thorpe)
2220:
2219:
2216:
2209:
2205:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2004:Rees-Williams
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1876:Bonham Carter
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1780:Spence Watson
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1728:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1645:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1365:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1261:Liberal Party
1255:
1250:
1248:
1243:
1241:
1236:
1235:
1232:
1220:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1004:(second wife)
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
993:
991:
987:
981:
978:
977:
975:
971:
964:
961:
958:
955:
953:
952:Liberal Party
950:
949:
947:
943:
936:
933:
930:
929:Chanak Crisis
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
897:
894:
891:
889:
886:
883:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
866:
863:
862:
860:
856:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
826:
824:
820:
813:
803:
800:
799:
797:
793:
789:
782:
777:
775:
770:
768:
763:
762:
759:
749:
744:
728:
724:
719:
715:
710:
703:
697:
690:
684:
675:
668:
662:
655:
649:
642:
636:
629:
625:
621:
617:
612:
605:
602:Roy Douglas,
599:
595:
584:
581:
578:
574:
571:
570:
560:Conservative
559:
552:
549:
546:
544:
541:
540:
536:
529:
526:
523:
521:
518:
517:
513:
510:
507:
504:
501:
500:
492:
490:
486:
482:
478:
473:
469:
466:
462:
458:
457:Margaret Cole
448:
444:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
409:
407:
402:
396:
394:
390:
386:
376:
372:
370:
365:
362:
352:
348:
346:
342:
338:
333:
331:
330:Conservatives
327:
326:H. H. Asquith
323:
322:Liberal Party
313:
311:
307:
302:
300:
299:H. H. Asquith
296:
291:
289:
285:
284:Freddie Guest
281:
276:
272:
271:A. Bonar Law
269:
266:
265:Yours truly,
263:
261:
256:
255:
249:
246:
244:
240:
236:
232:
227:
223:
219:
215:
214:parliamentary
211:
196:
194:
193:Liberal Party
190:
187:
183:
179:
175:
163:
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
149:
146:
143:
140:
138:
134:
131:
127:
123:
120:
118:
114:
111:
108:
104:
101:
98:
94:
91:
90:Liberal Party
88:
84:
81:
77:
73:
62:
58:
47:
43:
40:
37:
35:
31:
22:
16:
2767:
2693:
2689:LibβLab pact
2681:
2669:
2657:
2644:
2636:
2227:1976 (Steel)
1627:
1611:
1595:
1579:
1477:Lloyd George
1148:
1119:
1111:
1103:
1095:
1087:
1079:
1071:
1063:
1056:
1053:(film, 1918)
1048:
973:Constituency
956:
882:Shell Crisis
747:
743:
731:. Retrieved
727:the original
713:
709:
701:
696:
688:
683:
674:
666:
661:
653:
648:
640:
635:
627:
624:A J P Taylor
619:
611:
603:
598:
582:
572:
567:Bibliography
508:Vote %
474:
470:
454:
445:
433:Labour Party
410:
400:
397:
382:
373:
366:
358:
349:
334:
319:
303:
294:
292:
277:
274:
270:
267:
264:
259:
257:
253:
251:
247:
207:
173:
171:
109:
96:Headquarters
15:
2592:(1956β1987)
2586:(1981β1988)
2580:(1981-1988)
2572:Reform Club
2367:(1931-1932)
2245:Governments
1964:Comyns Carr
1796:Dyke Acland
1782:(1890β1902)
1740:Chamberlain
1417:(1896β1902)
1350:(1899β1908)
907:(1919β1920)
795:Premiership
733:26 December
577:Roy Douglas
514:Government
441:Alfred Mond
379:Dissolution
2810:Categories
2721:Whig Party
2495:Conference
2433:Frontbench
2424:Chief Whip
2172:Penhaligon
1908:Fothergill
1756:Fell Pease
1731:Presidents
1316:Hartington
1300:Palmerston
1273:Leadership
1124:(TV, 2003)
1116:(TV, 1998)
1108:(TV, 1991)
1105:The Treaty
1100:(TV, 1990)
1092:(TV, 1985)
1084:(TV, 1983)
1076:(TV, 1981)
1068:(TV, 1975)
1028:(daughter)
1022:(daughter)
616:K O Morgan
590:References
547:1,355,366
524:1,396,590
483:since the
465:Harborough
419:, who had
393:Free Trade
389:free trade
345:the coupon
316:Government
280:Chief Whip
130:Free trade
67:1923-11-13
52:1922-01-19
2695:Liberator
2677:Glee Club
2397:Structure
2375:(1940β45)
2340:(1916β22)
2332:(1915β16)
2313:(1908β15)
2305:(1905β08)
2297:(1894β95)
2289:(1892β94)
2273:(1880β85)
2265:(1868β74)
2190:(1987β88)
2182:(1986β87)
2174:(1985β86)
2166:(1984β85)
2158:(1983β84)
2150:(1982β83)
2148:Griffiths
2142:(1981β82)
2134:(1980β81)
2126:(1979-80)
2118:(1978β79)
2110:(1977β78)
2102:(1976β77)
2100:Goldstone
2094:(1975β76)
2092:Wingfield
2086:(1974β75)
2078:(1973β74)
2070:(1972β73)
2062:(1971β72)
2054:(1969β70)
2046:(1968β69)
2038:(1967β68)
2030:(1966β67)
2022:(1965β66)
2014:(1964β65)
2006:(1963β64)
1998:(1962β63)
1996:F Brunner
1990:(1961β62)
1988:Malindine
1982:(1960β61)
1974:(1959β60)
1972:Glanville
1966:(1958β59)
1958:(1957β58)
1950:(1956β57)
1942:(1955β56)
1934:(1954β55)
1926:(1953β54)
1918:(1952β53)
1910:(1950β52)
1902:(1949β50)
1900:McFadyean
1894:(1948β49)
1886:(1947β48)
1878:(1945β47)
1870:(1936β43)
1862:(1930β33)
1854:(1927β30)
1846:(1926β27)
1838:(1923β26)
1830:(1920β23)
1828:Robertson
1822:(1918β20)
1814:(1911β18)
1812:J Brunner
1806:(1908β11)
1798:(1906β07)
1790:(1902β06)
1774:(1886β90)
1766:(1883β90)
1758:(1881β82)
1750:(1880β81)
1742:(1877β80)
1721:(1984β88)
1713:(1967β84)
1705:(1955β67)
1697:(1944β55)
1689:(1936β44)
1681:(1931β36)
1673:(1924β31)
1671:Beauchamp
1665:(1923β24)
1657:(1908β23)
1638:(1985β88)
1630:(1979-85)
1622:(1976-79)
1614:(1964β76)
1606:(1962β64)
1598:(1951β62)
1590:(1949β51)
1582:(1945β49)
1574:(1940β45)
1566:(1931β35)
1558:(1929β31)
1535:(1976β88)
1519:(1967β76)
1511:(1956β67)
1503:(1945β56)
1495:(1935β45)
1487:(1931β35)
1479:(1926β31)
1471:(1918β20)
1469:(interim)
1460:(1916β26)
1441:(1908β23)
1433:(1905β08)
1425:(1902β05)
1415:Kimberley
1409:(1894β96)
1401:(1891β94)
1399:Kimberley
1393:(1868β91)
1391:Granville
1385:(1865β68)
1377:(1859β65)
1375:Granville
1358:(1908β16)
1342:(1896β98)
1334:(1894β96)
1326:(1880β94)
1324:Gladstone
1318:(1875β80)
1310:(1865β75)
1308:Gladstone
1302:(1859β65)
1161:TΕ· Newydd
1156:Bron-y-de
1081:Number 10
1034:(brother)
802:1916β1922
532:127 / 707
502:Election
481:East Fife
337:Bonar Law
239:Bonar Law
162:Elections
106:Newspaper
60:Dissolved
2706:Peelites
2683:The Land
2562:Brooks's
2052:S Robson
2044:Beaumont
1924:L Robson
1860:Brampton
1852:Hobhouse
1748:Collings
1564:Sinclair
1493:Sinclair
1407:Rosebery
1340:Harcourt
1332:Rosebery
1219:Category
1144:Big Four
555:53 / 615
361:apostasy
235:Liberals
117:Ideology
2156:Tordoff
2140:Bingham
2060:Terrell
2012:Fulford
1956:Micklem
1948:Behrens
1844:Spender
1836:Maclean
1788:Birrell
1679:Reading
1525:Grimond
1509:Grimond
1466:Maclean
1458:Asquith
1423:Spencer
1383:Russell
1356:Asquith
1284:Leaders
945:Parties
477:Asquith
411:At the
355:Reunion
324:leader
226:Germany
199:History
178:liberal
65: (
50: (
45:Founded
2359:(1931)
2281:(1886)
2180:Wilson
2164:Watson
1980:Murray
1916:Walker
1868:Meston
1772:Foster
1764:Kitson
1695:Samuel
1628:vacant
1620:Pardoe
1612:vacant
1596:vacant
1580:vacant
1572:Harris
1556:Samuel
1527:(1976)
1517:Thorpe
1501:Davies
1485:Samuel
1113:Mosley
1089:Anzacs
998:(wife)
989:Family
965:(1931)
959:(1922)
937:(1922)
931:(1922)
925:(1922)
919:(1919)
913:(1919)
901:(1918)
895:(1918)
884:(1915)
878:(1912)
872:(1909)
858:Career
626:(ed.)
511:Seats
505:Votes
451:Legacy
306:Labour
286:, and
204:Origin
176:was a
142:Centre
100:London
34:Leader
2188:Slade
2132:Holme
2116:Steed
2108:Evans
2076:Lloyd
2068:Jones
2020:Seear
1932:White
1892:Dodds
1804:Angus
1719:Seear
1711:Byers
1687:Crewe
1655:Crewe
1636:Beith
1533:Steel
1439:Crewe
1431:Ripon
1016:(son)
1010:(son)
575:, by
527:13.4
252:Dear
208:The "
2512:SAOs
2124:Rose
2084:Holt
2036:Wade
1884:Foot
1820:Lunn
1663:Grey
1604:Wade
849:1935
844:1931
839:1929
834:1922
829:1918
735:2008
643:p393
550:9.9
543:1922
520:1918
439:and
237:and
172:The
1940:Rea
1703:Rea
622:in
455:As
2812::
716:;
618:,
491:.
312:.
282:,
2791:)
2787:(
2763:)
2759:(
1253:e
1246:t
1239:v
780:e
773:t
766:v
737:.
69:)
54:)
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