36:
300:
378:
370:
223:
In the summer of 1966 MNR moved to politicize the armed forces. A law was passed on June 22, 1966, which transformed the
Congolese Armed Forces into the National People's Army (APN). A High Command of the APN was formed jointly by the government and the MNR. The High Command was led by a political
178:. MNR was founded at a congress held June 29 to July 6, 1964. MNR was instituted as the sole legal political party in the country on July 20, 1964, according to the Law No. 25-65. Pre-existing political parties were ordered to fuse into the MNR. MNR adopted
209:
104:
235:
and the leftwing of the MNR. As a result, in the summer of 1967 a
Permanent Commission of the MNR was formed. The task of the Permanent Commission was to control the day-to-day work of the government.
201:
approval regarding the appointment of ministers in the government of the
Republic. The leftwing faction of party was based in the northern areas of the country. MNR published the journal
553:
578:
573:
138:
563:
345:
212:(JMNR) was held. JMNR soon went beyond the control of the party, and on June 20, 1965 a new paramilitary structure National Civilian Defense Corps (
279:
568:
558:
198:
583:
143:
401:
111:
350:
284:
232:
56:
239:
82:
396:
228:, later the president of the country, became the APN representative in the MNR Central Committee.
35:
175:
183:
179:
116:
46:
8:
197:. The Political Bureau executed the decisions of the Central Committee. It also gave the
224:
commission, consisting of civilians and led by an officer party member. The lieutenant
123:
190:
534:
519:
504:
489:
474:
459:
444:
426:
171:
159:
242:(PCT). PCT based itself on the MNR charter from 1966, but unlike MNR, PCT was a
243:
225:
547:
231:
In the same year 1966 a political dispute erupted between the
President
99:
194:
128:
535:
Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique
520:
Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique
505:
Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique
490:
Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique
475:
Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique
460:
Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique
427:
Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique
189:
MNR was a mass party. It had two central leading organs, a
442:
Nohlen, Dieter, Michael
Krennerich, and Bernhard Thibaut.
238:
In
December 1969 MNR was substituted by a new party, the
554:
Defunct political parties in the
Republic of the Congo
579:
1969 disestablishments in the
Republic of the Congo
574:1964 establishments in the Republic of the Congo
545:
210:Youth of the National Movement of the Revolution
105:Youth of the National Movement of the Revolution
448:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. p. 260
311:
220:was put under the direct control of the MNR.
16:Political party in Republic of the Congo
208:In August 1964, a founding congress of the
34:
254:
564:Political parties disestablished in 1969
569:Communism in the Republic of the Congo
546:
438:
436:
186:was the First Secretary of the party.
559:Political parties established in 1964
420:
418:
416:
445:Elections in Africa: A Data Handbook
430:. Paris: Karthala, 1997. pp. 105-106
249:
433:
164:Mouvement national de la révolution
156:National Movement of the Revolution
27:Mouvement national de la révolution
24:National Movement of the Revolution
13:
466:
413:
14:
595:
377:
376:
369:
368:
298:
538:. Paris: Karthala, 1997. p. 159
523:. Paris: Karthala, 1997. p. 114
508:. Paris: Karthala, 1997. p. 129
493:. Paris: Karthala, 1997. p. 439
478:. Paris: Karthala, 1997. p. 109
463:. Paris: Karthala, 1997. p. 133
182:as its ideological foundation.
526:
511:
496:
481:
451:
402:People's Republic of the Congo
1:
407:
584:Parties of one-party systems
7:
397:Cold War in the Third World
390:
312:National Assembly elections
10:
600:
532:Bazenguissa-Ganga, RĂ©my.
517:Bazenguissa-Ganga, RĂ©my.
502:Bazenguissa-Ganga, RĂ©my.
487:Bazenguissa-Ganga, RĂ©my.
472:Bazenguissa-Ganga, RĂ©my.
457:Bazenguissa-Ganga, RĂ©my.
424:Bazenguissa-Ganga, RĂ©my.
240:Congolese Party of Labour
134:
122:
110:
98:
88:
83:Congolese Party of Labour
78:
70:
62:
52:
42:
33:
21:
351:Alphonse Massamba-DĂ©bat
285:Alphonse Massamba-DĂ©bat
233:Alphonse Massamba-DĂ©bat
124:Political position
57:Alphonse Massamba-DĂ©bat
255:Presidential elections
163:
176:Republic of the Congo
184:Ambroise Noumazalaye
180:scientific socialism
117:Scientific socialism
47:Ambroise Noumazalaye
216:) was formed. The
388:
387:
384:Sole legal party
309:
308:
250:Electoral history
191:Central Committee
152:
151:
139:Political parties
79:Succeeded by
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372:
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316:
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305:
302:
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265:Party candidate
259:
258:
195:Political Bureau
74:29 December 1969
38:
19:
18:
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172:political party
148:
43:First Secretary
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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253:
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244:vanguard party
226:Marien Ngouabi
218:Defense civile
214:Defense civile
166:, abbreviated
150:
149:
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135:
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15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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469:
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403:
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367:
360:
357:
354:
352:
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347:
344:
343:
339:
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330:
327:
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322:Party leader
321:
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297:
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32:
20:
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155:
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92:
66:29 June 1964
548:Categories
408:References
100:Youth wing
337:Position
319:Election
262:Election
199:President
144:Elections
129:Left-wing
89:Newspaper
71:Dissolved
391:See also
355:439,635
170:) was a
112:Ideology
363:55 / 55
340:Result
296:Elected
274:Result
174:in the
63:Founded
53:Founder
331:Seats
325:Votes
289:1,078
268:Votes
203:Etumba
193:and a
160:French
93:Etumba
358:100%
292:100%
381:1st
346:1963
334:+/–
280:1963
154:The
373:55
168:MNR
550::
435:^
415:^
328:%
271:%
246:.
205:.
162::
304:Y
158:(
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