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four points against Wanton, after which the magistrates were forbidden to administer to him the oath of office during their June meeting. Wanton refused to approve the creation of an army of 1500 men, would not sign commissions for officers, neglected to issue a proclamation for the fast-day appointed by the
Assembly, and did not take an oath of office. Wanton addressed the four points in a letter to the Assembly, but to no effect. Without an impeachment trial, Wanton was suspended from his office, with Cooke becoming acting governor. The suspension act against Wanton was continued during each Assembly session until November, and having failed to give satisfaction to the Assembly, and continuing to manifest
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575:. This act repealed a previous Act of Allegiance to the Crown, and declared that the King's name and authority in this colony was void. The courts of law would no longer be considered the King's Courts, and all commissions and writs would no longer be in the name of the King, but instead in the name of the governor and company of this colony. The act was drawn by Colonel Jonathan Arnold, a descendant of Governor
38:
510:, and one of the first acts of the Assembly under Cooke involved the removal of the colony's treasures, records and offices from there to Providence. Acts were also passed for raising and equipping troops; defining the pay of officers and men; securing arms, tents and provisions for an army; choosing a Committee of Safety; and choosing officers of the Army of Observations, of which
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683:, and Marchant then became Rhode Island's third delegate to the Congress along with Hopkins and Ellery. For the next year Cooke dealt with the issues, often dire, brought about by the war. Weary of his responsibilities after serving for nearly three years as a wartime governor, Cooke retired from office in May 1778, and was replaced by
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was elected for the seventh time as governor. Wanton, however, had maintained a very conservative position regarding Great
Britain, and did not want to break the ties binding the mother country to the colonies. Meanwhile, the General Assembly took on a strong stance toward independence, and detailed
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Cooke first became politically active in 1752 when elected as an assistant from
Providence, which position he held for a total of four years. He devoted most of his energy to mercantile pursuits and local government in the 1760s, and in 1766 represented his Congregational Church in becoming a trustee
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pieces. In
January a memorial was adopted and forwarded to Congress by Cooke, detailing the exposed condition of the colony with its 130 miles of coastline, two navigable rivers and a hostile fleet in its waters constantly plundering the islands and shores. Cooke enumerated the efforts made by the
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formed, Cooke became chairman of the
Providence Committee of Inspection. He was responsible for seeing that the town faithfully adhered to the declarations of the Congress relating to trade with Great Britain. Some of the provisions included discontinuing the slave trade; refusing to purchase tea;
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During the nearly three years of Cooke's tenure as governor, he had to constantly deal with issues stemming from the war with
Britain. One of the most difficult situations was the British capture and occupation of Newport, which required evacuation before the British troops arrived. The war took a
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Post offices and post riders were established to promote communication between the colonies, and a proclamation was issued commanding every able man in the colony to completely equip himself with arms and ammunition. On
September 15, 1775, the General Assembly was persuaded to build and equip an
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on the northeast coast of South
America. The trading usually took time, so the men often waited in pubs. Being commissioned by the merchants to create a satirical painting, Greenwood concocted a 22-figure tavern scene, showing himself among the affluent traders, all subject to the "intoxicating
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sympathies, Wanton was officially deposed as governor in
November 1775, and Cooke was then named to succeed him. When Cooke was re-elected to the governorship in May 1776, the most important act of his tenure took place: by decree of the General Assembly, the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence
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In 1740 Cooke married Hannah, the daughter of
Hezekiah Sabin, with whom he had 12 children. One of his descendants was the Honorable George L. Cooke of Providence. His son Joseph S. Cooke (b. 1746) captained a ship on a number of trading voyages to Africa and the West Indies. His daughter Sarah
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Gorton, Smith and Dexter were presidents of Providence and Warwick only, since Coddington had received a commission to remove Newport and Portsmouth from their jurisdiction, valid from 1651 to 1654; before and after these dates the President presided over all four towns of the colony. Dudley
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Cooke, desperate for additional troops, ordered a new brigade be raised in Rhode Island. Washington disapproved of the move, fearing it would interfere with the enlistment of the two battalions already assigned to the state. The general wrote two earnest letters on the subject, but when Cooke
339:, he early in life followed the sea, eventually becoming a Captain of ships. This occupation led him to become a slave trader, becoming highly successful in this endeavor, and he ran a distillery and rope-making business as well. He is depicted as one of the affluent merchants in
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In May 1776 Cooke won the election as governor of the colony, and at the same time the most noteworthy act of his tenure occurred. On 4 May the Assembly met in Providence and passed "the last important act in the colonial history of Rhode Island," the Declaration of Independence
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for aid. Women and children in seaboard towns had already been advised to move, with their furniture, to the interior, and livestock was driven off from the larger islands. Rhode Island had about 700 troops on the island when the enemy landed at
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In late July 1776 the legal title of the government was changed by the General Assembly to "The State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations." The recording of the Assembly minutes closed with the words "God save the United States."
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Cooke first became politically active at the age of 35, when he was elected as an Assistant from Providence in 1752, being elected again to this position three more times within seven years. In the mid-1750s, the Boston portraitist,
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on February 3, 1717, Nicholas Cooke was the son of Daniel Cooke and Mary Power. Early in his life he followed the sea, and eventually became the master of ships, which led to his later vocation as a merchant. He also operated a
695:, also declined re-election in 1778, and both men were publicly thanked by the General Assembly for "their patriotic zeal, firmness, and intrepidity." Cooke's service and public record, said historian
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as governor. He stepped down from this position after a year, but in 1775, after the war with Great Britain had begun, he was once again elected as deputy governor, this time under Governor
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effects of alcohol and economic ambition." Different accounts agree that Cooke is the man wearing a hat, seated at the back of the table, facing right and smoking a pipe.
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stopping all exports to and imports from Britain; selling goods at reasonable prices, and discouraging horse racing, gaming, expensive shows, and expensive funerals.
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The exposed town of Newport was depopulated, with enemy ships sailing freely in the surrounding waters. An act was also passed to encourage the manufacture of
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and a rope making business. After acquiring a fortune, he invested his assets in land in the colonies of Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and Connecticut.
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presided over the "Narragansett Country" only, later to become Washington County, Rhode Island; Andros subsequently presided over the entire colony.
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and went up the sound to join a fleet of 70 transports with about 6000 troops, destined for Newport. Summons went out from the colony to as far as
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was made the Brigadier General. Two vessels were to be manned and armed to protect the trade of the colony, and put under the command of
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becoming deputy governor, and served out the remainder of Wanton's term before being elected for two additional one-year terms.
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The August session of the Assembly was the last to be held in Newport for the next four years, with the pending occupation of
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exercises were suspended, with the building being occupied as a barracks, and then later as a military hospital. General
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presented the situation to him, Washington ultimately approved of the plan, and thanked the State for its exertions.
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Cooke (facing right at back of table, with pipe) and other Rhode Island Merchants in
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In May 1777 the same State officers were elected except William Channing replaced
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In May 1775, Cooke was once again elected to the office of deputy governor, and
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323:(February 3, 1717 – September 14, 1782) was a governor of the
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entered service at the same time, greatly facilitating the American cause.
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heavy toll on Cooke, and in 1778 he refused re-election, being replaced by
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on April 26, 1780. The couple had one child, Mary T. Olney (1799–1878).
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Deputy Governor of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
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Providence had been given up to military occupation as well, and the
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Sea captain, slave trader, merchant, ropemaker, politician, governor
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The History of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
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A Dependent People: Newport, Rhode Island in the Revolutionary Era
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Cooke became a trustee of Rhode Island's new college, later named
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General Henry Clinton led the British forces in capturing Newport
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Governor of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
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History of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
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colony in its own behalf, but also asked for continental aid.
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In 1768 Cooke became the deputy governor of the colony under
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1290:. Vol. 7. Providence, RI: Kellogg Printing Company
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Cooke died on November 14, 1782, and was buried in the
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1373:State list of lieutenant governors of Rhode Island
1306:Civil and Military List of Rhode Island, 1647–1800
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1190:. Vol. 2. Providence: Preston and Rounds.
1235:"Colonial American Merchants Satirized in Art"
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691:. In addition to Cooke, his deputy governor,
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2679:Political leaders of the American Revolution
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797:List of lieutenant governors of Rhode Island
429:, of which he had been a member since 1747.
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1356:Chronological list of Rhode Island leaders
792:List of colonial governors of Rhode Island
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2397:Colonial deputy governors of Rhode Island
1309:. Providence, RI: Preston and Rounds, Co
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1279:. New York: Fordham University Press.
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129:himself as governor of the State of
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19:For the Royal Air Force pilot, see
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1918:Governor of Newport and Portsmouth
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335:. Born in the maritime town of
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1303:Smith, Joseph Jencks (1900).
1275:Crane, Elaine Forman (1992).
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1254:"Nicholas Cooke Papers"
1361:April 2, 2021, at the
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530:, brother of Governor
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21:Nicholas Gresham Cooke
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16:American politician
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1323:External links
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581:William Ellery
559:
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484:
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411:John Greenwood
389:
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378:William Greene
363:. Maintaining
341:John Greenwood
321:Nicholas Cooke
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622:
619:appeared off
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464:Joseph Wanton
457:
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435:
434:Josias Lyndon
430:
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361:Joseph Wanton
358:
357:Josias Lyndon
354:
348:
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289:Resting place
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206:Joseph Wanton
204:
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177:
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171:
165:
162:
161:Josias Lyndon
159:
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128:
122:
119:
118:Joseph Wanton
116:
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39:
34:
27:
22:
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2354:
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2210:Rhode Island
2192:
2087:Rhode Island
2014:
2007:
2000:
1965:Rhode Island
1426:
1382:
1351:Find a Grave
1311:. Retrieved
1305:
1292:. Retrieved
1286:
1276:
1257:. Retrieved
1241:. Retrieved
1223:. Retrieved
1210:
1186:
1175:Bibliography
1161:
1149:
1137:
1125:
1096:
1084:
1042:
1030:
967:
919:
880:
834:
713:
701:
674:
665:
655:was sent by
646:
621:Block Island
606:
589:
573:Philadelphia
564:
561:
536:
528:Esek Hopkins
524:
498:The town of
497:
483:Governorship
461:
449:
431:
420:
407:
391:
374:
349:
333:Rhode Island
320:
319:
302:Hannah Sabin
277:(1782-09-14)
225:Succeeded by
192:
180:Succeeded by
147:
131:Rhode Island
125:Succeeded by
102:
82:Succeeded by
61:
2654:1782 deaths
2649:1717 births
2588:Nichols Jr.
2578:Nichols Jr.
2573:Whipple III
2553:Whipple Jr.
2543:Whipple Jr.
2264:John Wanton
2249:S. Cranston
2220:(1690–1776)
2183:(1686–1689)
2146:J. Cranston
2097:(1663–1686)
2062:(1651–1654)
1971:(1647–1663)
1945:(1644–1647)
1922:(1640–1647)
1900:(1639–1640)
1864:(1638–1640)
1597:Littlefield
1492:Sprague III
1166:Arnold 1894
1154:Arnold 1894
1142:Arnold 1894
1130:Arnold 1894
1118:Arnold 1894
1101:Arnold 1894
1089:Arnold 1894
1077:Arnold 1894
1062:Arnold 1894
1047:Arnold 1894
1035:Arnold 1894
1023:Arnold 1894
987:Arnold 1894
972:Arnold 1894
939:Arnold 1894
671:Late tenure
520:Gaspee raid
327:during the
213:Preceded by
168:Preceded by
113:Preceded by
72:Preceded by
2643:Categories
2608:Wanton Jr.
2598:Wanton Jr.
2473:Coggeshall
2463:Coggeshall
2438:Coddington
2151:P. Sanford
2141:Coddington
2126:Coddington
2076:J. Sanford
2071:Coddington
2056:Portsmouth
1980:Coggeshall
1931:Coddington
1909:Coddington
1878:Hutchinson
1873:Coddington
1717:Vanderbilt
1642:C. Lippitt
1587:H. Lippitt
1557:Sprague IV
808:References
657:Washington
630:Middletown
403:distillery
394:Providence
388:Early life
337:Providence
307:Occupation
258:Providence
251:1717-02-03
2568:R. Hazard
2538:W. Greene
2523:G. Hazard
2483:W. Clarke
2478:J. Greene
2458:W. Clarke
2443:J. Easton
2428:J. Clarke
2423:N. Easton
2418:J. Clarke
2413:N. Easton
2289:G. Wanton
2279:G. Wanton
2259:W. Wanton
2244:W. Clarke
2234:J. Easton
2166:W. Clarke
2131:W. Clarke
2121:N. Easton
2021:N. Easton
1995:N. Easton
1985:J. Clarke
1792:L. Chafee
1752:J. Chafee
1742:Del Sesto
1732:McKiernan
1687:San Souci
1592:Van Zandt
1577:Padelford
1507:J. Fenner
1477:J. Fenner
1457:J. Fenner
1442:A. Fenner
1313:March 26,
1294:March 27,
551:artillery
543:gunpowder
539:saltpeter
504:an island
197:1775–1775
193:In office
152:1768–1769
148:In office
107:1775–1776
103:In office
93:37th
66:1776–1778
62:In office
2628:Bradford
2618:Sessions
2558:Robinson
2548:Robinson
2448:Cranston
2433:Cranston
2177:Dominion
2026:Williams
1954:Williams
1797:Raimondo
1787:Carcieri
1682:Beeckman
1647:Dyer Jr.
1572:Burnside
1567:J. Smith
1547:Dyer Sr.
1447:H. Smith
1359:Archived
1338:Archived
1259:July 17,
1243:July 16,
1225:July 16,
1208:(1920).
1184:(1894).
723:See also
638:Tiverton
613:frigates
392:Born in
365:Loyalist
202:Governor
157:Governor
52:1st
2593:Gardner
2583:Gardner
2533:R. Ward
2508:Nichols
2503:Jenckes
2493:Jenckes
2408:Brenton
2355:Italics
2329:Hopkins
2324:S. Ward
2319:Hopkins
2314:S. Ward
2309:Hopkins
2299:Hopkins
2269:R. Ward
2254:Jenckes
2111:Brenton
2052:Newport
2036:Brenton
1777:Sundlun
1772:DiPrete
1767:Garrahy
1737:Roberts
1727:Pastore
1722:McGrath
1697:Pothier
1677:Pothier
1672:Higgins
1657:Kimball
1652:Gregory
1607:Wetmore
1562:Cozzens
1527:Anthony
1512:Jackson
1487:Francis
1452:Wilbour
1437:Collins
649:college
642:Bristol
547:muskets
506:in the
500:Newport
477:Bristol
415:Surinam
396:in the
2563:Ellery
2528:Abbott
2518:Wanton
2498:Wanton
2453:Barker
2334:Lyndon
2304:Greene
2294:Greene
2284:Greene
2274:Greene
2199:Andros
2193:Dudley
2136:Arnold
2116:Arnold
2106:Arnold
2041:Arnold
2031:Arnold
2015:Dexter
2001:Gorton
1782:Almond
1662:Garvin
1582:Howard
1552:Turner
1542:Hoppin
1537:Dimond
1522:Harris
1482:Arnold
1467:Knight
1432:Greene
1194:
710:Family
299:Spouse
284:, U.S.
2623:Cooke
2613:Cooke
2603:Brown
2344:Cooke
2008:Smith
1990:Smith
1802:McKee
1757:Licht
1747:Notte
1712:Quinn
1707:Green
1692:Flynn
1667:Utter
1637:Brown
1627:Davis
1612:Davis
1602:Bourn
1532:Allen
1517:Diman
1472:Gibbs
1462:Jones
1427:Cooke
1238:(PDF)
2513:Frye
2239:Carr
2229:Bull
2161:Bull
2054:and
1762:Noel
1702:Case
1632:Ladd
1622:Ladd
1617:Taft
1502:Dorr
1497:King
1315:2010
1296:2010
1261:2011
1245:2011
1227:2011
1192:ISBN
640:and
549:and
541:and
469:Tory
272:Died
245:Born
2488:Tew
1349:at
679:as
475:of
454:by
2645::
2217:)
2094:)
1108:^
1069:^
1054:^
1015:^
994:^
979:^
946:^
931:^
892:^
861:^
846:^
815:^
587:.
534:.
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264:,
260:,
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