45:
829:. Circa 1978, the school had a single teacher, and 15 students. In 2008, the number of students fell below 9. Beginning in 1998, schools in rural Alaska had to have at least 10 students, in order to retain funding from the state, and campuses not meeting the number had to close. The school district used its budget to keep the school open. An American Samoan family arrived, but as the school lost more students, that family did not have enough children to enroll to make up the required 10 students and, subsequently, the family moved away. A student living elsewhere was offered to relocate to Nikolski, where he would be the 10th student, but he chose not to, partly because the Nikolski School could not offer welding classes, and thus the school could not reach the 10 student threshold. The school closed down after the conclusion of the 2009–2010 school year. The permanent teacher left during the fall semester, so a volunteer had to fill in for the rest of the school year. After it closed down, some of the students left the village, while others were
409:, 5 km offshore in Nikolski Bay, dates human habitation to 8,500 years ago. A site known as Chaluka in Nikolski shows 4,000 years of virtually continuous occupation. Subsistence activities, sheep and cattle raising, and fishing are the main livelihoods and the latter has been traced back thousands of years by archaeologists, through analysis of midden sites and fish hook designs in the 1960s. Previous activities from the 1800s included sea otter hunting and fox farming. A sheep ranch was established in 1926 as part of the Aleutian Livestock Company and there are thousands on the island today. In the early 1900s the residents purchased a large fishing boat with money made from those activities, the “Umnak Native”, but it was wrecked in 1933.
1469:
92:
62:
810:
99:
69:
454:
499:, the CDP has a total area of 132.8 square miles (344 km), of which, 132.1 square miles (342 km) of it is land and 0.7 square miles (1.8 km) of it (0.55%) is water. The island is in the maritime climate zone. Temperatures range from 11 degrees F (-11 C) to 65 degrees (18 C). Snowfall is considerable and covers
773:
As of the census of 2000, there were 39 people, 15 households, and 12 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 0.3 inhabitants per square mile (0.12/km). There were 28 housing units at an average density of 0.2 units per square mile (0.077 units/km). The racial makeup of the CDP
769:
Nikolski first appeared on the 1880 U.S. Census as the unincorporated Aleut village of "Nikolsky." It had 127 residents, of whom 117 were Aleut, 8 were Creole (Mixed
Russian & Native) and 2 were White. In 1890, it returned as "Umnak", with 94 residents, of whom 80 were native and 14 were Creole.
789:
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 35.9% under the age of 18, 30.8% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.3 males.
785:
Of the 15 households, 40.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.3% were married couples living together, 20.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.0% were non-families. 20.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and none had someone living alone who
436:
and associated campaigns in 1943 recaptured the lost islands to the west. Nikolski locals returned in 1944, but some had experienced the outside world for the first time and since then, many natives have remained offshore, working in canneries or on fishing vessels. The US Air Force built a
44:
824:
The
Nikolski School served grades K-12. The school had one live-in teacher that occupied a small home owned by the school district adjacent to the school building and purpose-built for teachers and their family. The school was constructed in 1939 by the
534:) passes just west of Nikolski, along the line of 169°30'W through Samalga Pass. This places Nikolski in the Alaska Time Zone. However, as Nikolski is part of the Aleutian Region School District the settlement effectively observes Hawaii-Aleutian time.
510:
to the northeast, the highest point on Umnak Island (7,051 ft; 2,149 m). Vsevidof is tectonically active, and an eruption last occurred on March 11, 1957, following an earthquake. A cataclysmic eruption of
770:
It did not appear again until 1920, when it again reported as "Umnak." Beginning with the 1930 census and to date, it has reported as
Nikolski. It was made a census-designated place (CDP) in 1980.
1561:
1576:
1566:
793:
The median income for a household in the CDP was $ 38,750, and the median income for a family was $ 40,250. Males had a median income of $ 26,250 versus $ 11,875 for females. The
1406:
1343:
1312:
845:'s Dark Waters (2019) was partially filmed in Nikolski. He failed to catch elusive large halibut offshore, and was stranded due to bad weather for several days.
1571:
1374:
124:
1399:
405:
Association reports that
Nikolski is thought to be one of the oldest continuously occupied communities in the world. Archaeological evidence from
464:
979:
1551:
1392:
176:
1384:
441:
radar communication site on the edge of town in the 1950s, but it was abandoned by 1977. A 3,500-foot gravel runway, the unattended
1541:
873:
339:
1336:
1322:
445:
remains, and there are passenger, mail and cargo services depending on the harsh weather conditions. Nikolski has no harbour.
1190:
1170:
1353:
1280:
1235:
927:
953:
912:
Douglas W. Veltre, Melvin A. Smith. 2010. Historical
Overview of Archaeological Research in the Aleut Region of Alaska.
1416:
378:
181:
1007:
438:
385:, up from 18 in 2010. Nikolski is on Nikolski Bay, off the southwest end of the island. It is 116 air miles west of
203:
1267:
406:
212:
61:
91:
1546:
428:
area in far southeastern Alaska, although an
American airstrip and military base on the north of the island,
1058:
1118:
1004:
Federal
Aviation Administration, Dutch Harbor Sectional Aeronautical Chart, Retrieved from SkyVector.com
957:
779:
775:
786:
was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 2.92.
1414:
1493:
748:
733:
718:
703:
688:
673:
658:
643:
628:
613:
598:
583:
568:
527:
382:
1072:
797:
for the CDP was $ 14,083. There were 23.5% of families and 20.7% of the population living below the
1093:
939:
Lois K. Lippold. 1972. Mammalian
Remains from Aleutian Archaeological Sites: A Preliminary Report.
826:
429:
327:
1023:
e-mail communication with Dan Masoni, Librarian, Unalaska Public
Library, June 18, 2008; see also
1480:
818:
370:
35:
1036:
983:
221:
1511:
1194:
1174:
1518:
1488:
854:
442:
298:
515:
in the northernmost part of the island severely affected
Nikolski residents in July 2008.
8:
1263:
1140:
928:
https://www.apiai.org/tribes/niko-lski/#:~:text=History,back%20as%208%2C500%20years%20ago
1448:
1358:
1317:
1285:
1240:
1212:
1145:
496:
1207:
393:. Residents are known as Unangan, and Aleut is spoken in most of the remaining homes.
794:
425:
1024:
1458:
1453:
1187:
Aleutian Islands, Aleutian Peninsula Debris Removal: Environmental Impact Statement
1167:
Aleutian Islands, Aleutian Peninsula Debris Removal: Environmental Impact Statement
519:
402:
362:
309:
288:
1347:
1011:
1556:
895:
507:
500:
433:
358:
503:
and other peaks, with rain and strong winds much of the year, and summer fog.
1535:
1430:
479:
466:
332:
199:
194:
139:
126:
1061:. U.S. Government Printing Office. August 10, 1949 – via Google Books.
1443:
1438:
1094:"Report on Population and Resources of Alaska at the Eleventh Census: 1890"
798:
413:
374:
217:
1005:
842:
830:
512:
417:
1378:
917:
164:
424:
islands, to the west. Residents of Umnak Island were evacuated to the
390:
279:
386:
809:
801:, including 13.6% of under eighteens and 55.6% of those over 64.
416:, the Japanese attacked Unalaska to the East and had also seized
531:
169:
49:
Houses and the St. Nicholas Russian Orthodox Church in Nikolski
1562:
Census-designated places in Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska
1379:
Village of Nikolski, Nikolski, Aleutians West Census Area, AK
523:
421:
305:
284:
453:
1114:
1577:
Populated coastal places in Alaska on the Pacific Ocean
1567:
Census-designated places in Unorganized Borough, Alaska
1468:
506:
On a clear day the view from Nikolski is dominated by
866:
432:(abandoned by 1950) repelled Japanese forces. The
1025:http://osdir.com/ml/time.tz/2004-11/msg00009.html
1533:
381:, United States. The population was 39 at the
1400:
1208:"Alaska's Rural Schools Fight Off Extinction"
1141:"Alaska's Rural Schools Fight Off Extinction"
1572:Historic American Buildings Survey in Alaska
980:"Code of Federal Regulations, 49 CFR 71.12"
930:. Aleutian Pribilof Islands Association web
902:. Fairbanks: Alaska Native Language Center.
1407:
1393:
954:"US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990"
894:
1180:
1160:
1073:"Statistics of the Population of Alaska"
888:
808:
452:
1138:
1132:
245:132.05 sq mi (342.01 km)
237:132.78 sq mi (343.91 km)
1534:
1139:Yardley, William (November 25, 2009).
1059:"Geological Survey Professional Paper"
841:An episode of angler and TV presenter
561:
1388:
1310:
1191:United States Army Corps of Engineers
1171:United States Army Corps of Engineers
813:Nikolski School, which closed in 2009
1107:
253:0.73 sq mi (1.90 km)
13:
1552:Census-designated places in Alaska
1467:
1418:Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska
1415:Municipalities and communities of
1375:Historic American Buildings Survey
1304:
946:
551:
379:Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska
14:
1588:
1368:
1311:Olsen, Erik (November 25, 2009).
1270:. Retrieved on February 13, 2017.
98:
97:
90:
68:
67:
60:
43:
1273:
1268:Aleutian Region School District
1256:
1228:
1200:
1086:
1065:
1051:
1029:
537:
1542:Archaeological sites in Alaska
1472:Aleutians West Census Area map
1313:"An Alaskan Village in Crisis"
1017:
998:
972:
933:
921:
906:
1:
1103:. Government Printing Office.
876:. United States Census Bureau
860:
804:
448:
18:CDP in Alaska, United States
7:
1264:Nikolski School Information
1119:United States Census Bureau
1101:United States Census Bureau
1080:United States Census Bureau
958:United States Census Bureau
874:"2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files"
848:
10:
1593:
817:Nikolski is served by the
396:
1507:
1479:
1465:
1429:
1281:"Inside Nikolski Slide 4"
1236:"Inside Nikolski Slide 8"
762:
747:
732:
717:
702:
687:
672:
657:
642:
627:
612:
597:
582:
567:
560:
555:
550:
547:
528:Hawaii-Aleutian Time Zone
518:The boundary between the
389:, and 900 air miles from
366:
338:
326:
316:
295:
278:
274:0.30/sq mi (0.11/km)
270:
262:
257:
249:
241:
233:
228:
210:
192:
187:
175:
163:
155:
120:
54:
42:
33:
23:
1377:(HABS) No. AK-95, "
1341:official YouTube channel
836:
827:Bureau of Indian Affairs
480:52.941485°N 168.860765°W
457:Aerial Photo of Nikolski
430:Fort Glenn Army Air Base
1037:"U.S. Decennial Census"
819:Aleutian Region Schools
461:Nikolski is located at
371:census-designated place
1473:
1364:- Slide show of images
1346:June 25, 2012, at the
1010:April 4, 2009, at the
814:
485:52.941485; -168.860765
458:
310:Alaska Daylight (AKDT)
289:Alaska Standard (AKST)
140:52.94139°N 168.86083°W
1471:
1115:"U.S. Census website"
812:
763:U.S. Decennial Census
543:Historical population
456:
297: • Summer (
1547:Fox Islands (Alaska)
1520:United States portal
1362:. November 25, 2019.
855:Nikolski Air Station
443:Nikolski Air Station
412:In June 1942 during
271: • Density
145:52.94139; -168.86083
1289:. November 25, 2009
1244:. November 25, 2009
1216:. November 25, 2009
960:. February 12, 2011
941:Arctic Anthropology
544:
476: /
136: /
1474:
1359:The New York Times
1339:The New York Times
1318:The New York Times
1286:The New York Times
1241:The New York Times
1213:The New York Times
1146:The New York Times
815:
542:
497:U.S. Census Bureau
459:
263: • Total
250: • Water
234: • Total
111:Show map of Alaska
1529:
1528:
1494:Eareckson Station
1354:"Inside Nikolski"
1014:on April 12, 2008
916:82(5/6): 487-506
795:per capita income
767:
766:
495:According to the
407:Ananiuliak Island
348:
347:
242: • Land
81:Show map of Umnak
1584:
1521:
1514:
1470:
1424:
1419:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1386:
1385:
1363:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1325:on June 25, 2012
1321:. Archived from
1299:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1277:
1271:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1204:
1198:
1184:
1178:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1098:
1090:
1084:
1083:
1077:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1033:
1027:
1021:
1015:
1002:
996:
995:
993:
991:
982:. Archived from
976:
970:
969:
967:
965:
950:
944:
937:
931:
925:
919:
910:
904:
903:
900:Aleut Dictionary
892:
886:
885:
883:
881:
870:
563:
558:
553:
545:
541:
520:Alaska Time Zone
491:
490:
488:
487:
486:
481:
477:
474:
473:
472:
469:
403:Pribilof Islands
368:
302:
151:
150:
148:
147:
146:
141:
137:
134:
133:
132:
129:
112:
101:
100:
94:
82:
71:
70:
64:
47:
21:
20:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1532:
1531:
1530:
1525:
1519:
1512:
1503:
1475:
1463:
1425:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1371:
1352:
1348:Wayback Machine
1328:
1326:
1307:
1305:Further reading
1302:
1292:
1290:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1261:
1257:
1247:
1245:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1219:
1217:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1185:
1181:
1165:
1161:
1151:
1149:
1137:
1133:
1123:
1121:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1096:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1042:
1040:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1022:
1018:
1012:Wayback Machine
1003:
999:
989:
987:
986:on May 15, 2004
978:
977:
973:
963:
961:
952:
951:
947:
938:
934:
926:
922:
911:
907:
893:
889:
879:
877:
872:
871:
867:
863:
851:
839:
807:
780:Native American
556:
540:
484:
482:
478:
475:
470:
467:
465:
463:
462:
451:
399:
322:
296:
144:
142:
138:
135:
130:
127:
125:
123:
122:
116:
115:
114:
113:
110:
109:
108:
107:
106:
102:
85:
84:
83:
80:
79:
78:
77:
76:
72:
50:
38:
29:
26:
19:
12:
11:
5:
1590:
1580:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1516:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1485:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1435:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1412:
1411:
1404:
1397:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1370:
1369:External links
1367:
1366:
1365:
1350:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1300:
1272:
1255:
1227:
1199:
1179:
1159:
1131:
1106:
1085:
1064:
1050:
1028:
1016:
997:
971:
945:
943:9(2): 113-115.
932:
920:
905:
887:
864:
862:
859:
858:
857:
850:
847:
838:
835:
806:
803:
765:
764:
760:
759:
756:
754:
751:
745:
744:
741:
739:
736:
730:
729:
726:
724:
721:
715:
714:
711:
709:
706:
700:
699:
696:
694:
691:
685:
684:
681:
679:
676:
670:
669:
666:
664:
661:
655:
654:
651:
649:
646:
640:
639:
636:
634:
631:
625:
624:
621:
619:
616:
610:
609:
606:
604:
601:
595:
594:
591:
589:
586:
580:
579:
576:
574:
571:
565:
564:
559:
554:
549:
539:
536:
508:Mount Vsevidof
501:Mount Vsevidof
450:
447:
434:Battle of Attu
398:
395:
346:
345:
342:
336:
335:
330:
324:
323:
320:
318:
314:
313:
303:
293:
292:
282:
276:
275:
272:
268:
267:
264:
260:
259:
255:
254:
251:
247:
246:
243:
239:
238:
235:
231:
230:
226:
225:
215:
208:
207:
197:
190:
189:
185:
184:
182:Aleutians West
179:
173:
172:
167:
161:
160:
157:
153:
152:
118:
117:
104:
103:
96:
95:
89:
88:
87:
86:
74:
73:
66:
65:
59:
58:
57:
56:
55:
52:
51:
48:
40:
39:
34:
31:
30:
27:
24:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1589:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1522:
1517:
1515:
1513:Alaska portal
1510:
1509:
1506:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1478:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1428:
1423:United States
1420:
1410:
1405:
1403:
1398:
1396:
1391:
1390:
1387:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:Live link on
1324:
1320:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1276:
1269:
1265:
1259:
1243:
1242:
1237:
1231:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1203:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1163:
1148:
1147:
1142:
1135:
1120:
1116:
1110:
1102:
1095:
1089:
1081:
1074:
1068:
1060:
1054:
1038:
1032:
1026:
1020:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1001:
985:
981:
975:
959:
955:
949:
942:
936:
929:
924:
918:
915:
914:Human Biology
909:
901:
897:
896:Bergsland, K.
891:
875:
869:
865:
856:
853:
852:
846:
844:
834:
832:
831:home schooled
828:
822:
820:
811:
802:
800:
796:
791:
787:
783:
781:
777:
771:
761:
757:
755:
752:
750:
746:
742:
740:
737:
735:
731:
727:
725:
722:
720:
716:
712:
710:
707:
705:
701:
697:
695:
692:
690:
686:
682:
680:
677:
675:
671:
667:
665:
662:
660:
656:
652:
650:
647:
645:
641:
637:
635:
632:
630:
626:
622:
620:
617:
615:
611:
607:
605:
602:
600:
596:
592:
590:
587:
585:
581:
577:
575:
572:
570:
566:
546:
535:
533:
529:
525:
521:
516:
514:
509:
504:
502:
498:
493:
489:
455:
446:
444:
440:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
410:
408:
404:
401:The Aleutian
394:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
364:
360:
356:
352:
343:
341:
337:
334:
331:
329:
325:
319:
315:
311:
307:
304:
300:
294:
290:
286:
283:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
227:
223:
219:
216:
214:
211: •
209:
205:
201:
200:Lyman Hoffman
198:
196:
195:State senator
193: •
191:
186:
183:
180:
178:
174:
171:
168:
166:
162:
159:United States
158:
154:
149:
121:Coordinates:
119:
93:
63:
53:
46:
41:
37:
32:
22:
16:
1498:
1489:Attu Station
1357:
1338:
1327:. Retrieved
1323:the original
1316:
1291:. Retrieved
1284:
1275:
1258:
1246:. Retrieved
1239:
1230:
1218:. Retrieved
1211:
1202:
1186:
1182:
1166:
1162:
1150:. Retrieved
1144:
1134:
1122:. Retrieved
1109:
1100:
1088:
1079:
1067:
1053:
1041:. Retrieved
1039:. Census.gov
1031:
1019:
1000:
988:. Retrieved
984:the original
974:
962:. Retrieved
948:
940:
935:
923:
913:
908:
899:
890:
878:. Retrieved
868:
840:
823:
816:
799:poverty line
792:
788:
784:
772:
768:
538:Demographics
517:
505:
494:
460:
414:World War II
411:
400:
375:Umnak Island
354:
350:
349:
218:Bryce Edgmon
15:
1193:, 1980. p.
1173:, 1980. p.
1124:January 31,
880:October 29,
843:Jeremy Wade
778:and 69.23%
774:was 30.77%
513:Mount Okmok
483: /
471:168°51′39″W
439:White Alice
383:2020 census
177:Census Area
143: /
131:168°51′39″W
1536:Categories
1449:St. George
861:References
468:52°56′29″N
367:Никольский
258:Population
213:State rep.
188:Government
128:52°56′29″N
990:April 12,
964:April 23,
805:Education
449:Geography
426:Ketchikan
391:Anchorage
373:(CDP) on
355:Chalukax̂
340:FIPS code
328:Area code
280:Time zone
28:Chalukax̂
1499:Nikolski
1459:Unalaska
1454:St. Paul
1344:Archived
1329:March 6,
1293:July 15,
1248:July 15,
1220:July 15,
1008:Archived
898:(1994).
849:See also
387:Unalaska
351:Nikolski
344:02-54260
317:ZIP code
105:Nikolski
75:Nikolski
25:Nikolski
1152:May 20,
1082:. 1880.
1043:June 6,
397:History
369:) is a
363:Russian
156:Country
1431:Cities
758:116.7%
743:−53.8%
713:−30.0%
698:−12.3%
683:−38.0%
653:−34.0%
638:−11.0%
593:−26.0%
548:Census
532:UTC-10
526:) and
170:Alaska
1557:Umnak
1097:(PDF)
1076:(PDF)
837:Media
776:White
728:11.4%
668:43.8%
623:31.3%
524:UTC-9
422:Kiska
359:Aleut
321:99638
306:UTC-8
285:UTC-9
165:State
1481:CDPs
1444:Atka
1439:Adak
1331:2010
1295:2021
1250:2021
1222:2021
1154:2010
1126:2008
1045:2013
992:2008
966:2011
882:2021
749:2020
734:2010
719:2000
704:1990
689:1980
674:1970
659:1960
644:1950
629:1940
614:1930
599:1920
584:1890
569:1880
557:Note
552:Pop.
420:and
418:Attu
229:Area
1266:."
618:109
573:127
377:in
357:in
333:907
299:DST
36:CDP
1538::
1421:,
1356:.
1335:-
1315:.
1283:.
1238:.
1210:.
1195:59
1189:.
1175:58
1169:.
1143:.
1117:.
1099:.
1078:.
956:.
833:.
821:.
782:.
753:39
738:18
723:39
708:35
693:50
678:57
663:92
648:64
633:97
603:83
588:94
562:%±
492:.
365::
361:;
266:39
1408:e
1401:t
1394:v
1381:"
1333:.
1297:.
1262:"
1252:.
1224:.
1197:.
1177:.
1156:.
1128:.
1047:.
994:.
968:.
884:.
608:—
578:—
530:(
522:(
353:(
312:)
308:(
301:)
291:)
287:(
224:)
222:I
220:(
206:)
204:D
202:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
