852:
50:. It can also be used, more specifically, to indicate that a passage of music was to be played exactly as written, or only by the specified instrument, without changes or omissions. The word is borrowed from Italian (an adjective meaning
182:
the term has fallen out of use by modern-day practitioners, as composers, performers and audiences alike have come to see the musical text as paramount in decisions of musical execution. As a result, everything is now seen as
187:
unless explicitly specified otherwise in the score. It is still used to denote an orchestral piece with an instrumental solo part that stands out, but is not as prominent as in a solo concerto, as in
68:
is not acceptable in
British English, but it is often used as an alternative spelling in the US. The word can stand on its own, in English, as a noun, or appear as a modifier in a noun phrase (e.g.
238:
561:
Prominent obbligato writing for flute in particular is not unusual in
Romantic opera, for example in the cadenza of the traditional version of the Mad Scene in
152:, that is decorative rather than essential; the piece is complete and can be performed without the added part. The traditional term for such a part is
138:, indicating that a part was not obligatory. A difficult passage in a concerto might be furnished by the editor with an easier alternative called the
272:(with two obbligato eyeglasses) which seems to refer to the necessity, at the first performance, of spectacles for both Beethoven and his cellist.
126:
part (in which the player decided how to fill in the harmonies unobtrusively) to a fully written part of equal importance to the main melody part.
776:
435:
104:
parts) by which Bach was referring to the independent woodwind parts he was using for the first time. These parts were also
195:
mentioned below. The term is now used mainly to discuss music of the past. One contemporary usage, however, is that by
734:
708:
692:
466:
44:) usually describes a musical line that is in some way indispensable in performance. Its opposite is the marking
645:
289:
244:
364:
Solo with
Obbligato Accompaniment of Two Voices in Canon, and Six Short Inventions on the Subject of the Solo
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331:
192:
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602:
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for tenor, 7 obligato instruments & strings in which the tenor soloist is accompanied by one or more
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543:
514:
91:
556:
452:
376:, Op. 57 (1956) is a 20th-century parody of the late 19th century concert overture, and contains
201:
20:
1017:
762:
457:
281:
229:
542:
An especially ornate violin obbligato appears in the
Benedictus of Ludwig van Beethoven's
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for string orchestra with piano obbligato is a neoclassical composition with 20th-century
8:
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210:
34:
386:, one horizontal with detachable sucker in C), and an electric floor polisher in E
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to show at a glance the importance of the organ part (in for example cantata
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Horn obbligato aria "Abscheulicher!/Komm
Hoffnung" in Beethoven's opera
876:
841:
275:
196:
154:
46:
380:
parts for four rifles, three Hoover vacuum cleaners (two uprights in B
148:); or a work may have a part for one or more solo instruments, marked
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359:
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has a very specific meaning: it describes a functional change from a
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instruments in each of the eight movements (apart from the first)
353:
754:
836:
144:
239:
Wer sich selbst erhöhet, der soll erniedriget werden, BWV 47
953:
278:'s Fifth Symphony (1852) contains an obbligato piano part.
266:
Beethoven's duo for viola and cello, WoO 32, is subtitled
116:
In connection with a keyboard part in the baroque period,
687:(Revised 1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
851:
524:'s Third Symphony, "The Flush of Youth – La Melodia"
209:consists of around twenty F-major chords played at
317:, 1629 for soprano, tenor, bass and continuo with
215:(this is satirising Beethoven's symphonic style).
1009:
515:Ch'io mi scordi di te? ... Non temer, amato bene
749:, Westrup & Harrison: Collins, London, 1959
419:contains an extensive part for viola obbligato
770:
535:Bassoon obbligato in the "Quid sum miser" of
505:
495:
446:
258:
134:A later use has the contradictory meaning of
267:
170:may have a wide variety of interpretations.
95:
310:
304:
142:(but more commonly and correctly termed an
777:
763:
513:Piano obbligato in Mozart's concert aria "
683:Latham, Alison, ed. (2011). "obbligato".
597:Piano obbligato in the third movement of
90:includes the idea of independence, as in
1010:
682:
129:
758:
436:Jauchzet Gott in allen Landen, BWV 51
423:
223:
173:
108:in the sense of being indispensable.
75:The term has also come to refer to a
33:
573:obbligato in the third movement of
13:
474:for flute, oboe, violin and cello.
14:
1034:
784:
306:Benedicam Dominum in omni tempore
251:Mozart marks "cello obligato" in
850:
483:(1791) there are two arias with
205:(Desiccated Embryos), where the
269:mit zwei obligaten Augengläsern
82:
16:Term in Western classical music
739:
715:
676:
651:
642:The Oxford Dictionary of Music
634:
618:
1:
707:: CS1 maint: date and year (
685:The Oxford Companion to Music
612:
467:Die Entführung aus dem Serail
332:The Stars and Stripes Forever
7:
644:, Oxford University Press:
260:Batti, batti, o bel Masetto
245:Gott ist mein König, BWV 71
218:
111:
97:mit zwölf obligaten Stimmen
64:, to oblige); the spelling
10:
1039:
747:Collins Music Encyclopedia
579:Latin American Symphonette
967:
859:
848:
792:
506:
496:
447:
259:
199:in the third movement of
433:in J. S. Bach's cantata
374:A Grand, Grand Overture
21:Western classical music
500:" (sung by Sesto) and
458:Mitridate, re di Ponto
445:during Sifare's aria,
311:
305:
268:
96:
31:Italian pronunciation:
860:Techniques and styles
510:" (sung by Vitellia).
448:Lungi da te, mio bene
350:Concerto Grosso No. 1
35:[obbliˈɡaːto]
587:in Porter Steele's "
551:(horn) obbligato in
497:Parto, ma tu ben mio
1023:Musical terminology
794:Musical instruments
723:Lectionary of Music
591:" (1901), added by
564:Lucia di Lammermoor
520:Piano obbligato in
480:La clemenza di Tito
322:cornetto, o violino
313:Symphoniae sacrae I
282:Camille Saint-Saëns
257:in Zerlina's aria "
130:Contradictory usage
94:'s 1780 Symphonies
424:Implicit instances
224:Explicit instances
202:Embryons desséchés
174:Contemporary usage
1005:
1004:
727:Nicolas Slonimsky
627:in dictionary at
470:(1782) there are
336:piccolo obbligato
328:John Philip Sousa
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982:Musical ensemble
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603:symphonic suite
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508:
507:Non piu di fiori
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416:Harold en Italie
395:Benjamin Britten
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37:
32:
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969:Music ensembles
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855:
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822:Electric guitar
802:Acoustic guitar
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745:"Obbligato" in
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721:"Obbligato" in
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657:
656:
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646:Michael Kennedy
640:"Obbligato" in
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629:Merriam-Webster
623:
619:
615:
537:Verdi's Requiem
517:" (K. 505)
489:basset clarinet
426:
388:
387:
382:
381:
354:modal harmonies
301:Heinrich Schütz
234:organ obbligato
226:
221:
193:Concerto Grosso
180:classical music
176:
132:
114:
85:
70:organ obbligato
38:, also spelled
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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997:Rhythm section
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593:Alphonse Picou
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557:Symphony No. 5
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411:Hector Berlioz
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370:Malcolm Arnold
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286:symphonic poem
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992:Pit orchestra
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939:Harmonization
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832:Hammond organ
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817:Electric bass
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786:Accompaniment
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735:0-07-058222-X
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571:Bass clarinet
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553:Gustav Mahler
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334:" contains a
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100:(with twelve
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92:C. P. E. Bach
89:
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78:
77:countermelody
73:
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63:
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57:
54:; from Latin
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28:
27:
22:
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867:Alberti bass
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684:
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666:. Retrieved
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620:
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589:High Society
584:
578:
575:Morton Gould
562:
548:
528:
491:
484:
478:
477:In Mozart's
471:
465:
464:In Mozart's
456:
453:W. A. Mozart
442:
434:
430:
414:
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398:
377:
373:
366:(1934, 1958)
363:
346:Ernest Bloch
339:
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294:
293:features an
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254:Don Giovanni
252:
243:
242:and cantata
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83:Independence
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25:
24:
18:
977:Backup band
902:Power chord
807:Double bass
663:Wordnik.com
648:(ed.), 1985
504:obbligato "
502:Basset horn
1012:Categories
924:Figuration
877:Banjo roll
842:Pipe organ
613:References
487:clarinet;
330:'s march "
284:'s famous
276:Niels Gade
230:J. S. Bach
212:fortissimo
197:Erik Satie
155:ad libitum
47:ad libitum
987:Orchestra
944:Obbligato
703:cite book
659:"Wordnik"
605:Cantabile
585:obbligato
583:Clarinet
492:obbligato
485:obbligato
472:obbligati
455:'s opera
443:obbligato
431:obbligato
405:obbligato
378:obbligato
360:John Cage
340:grandioso
319:obbligato
295:obbligato
207:obbligato
185:obbligato
150:obbligato
140:obbligato
118:obbligato
106:obbligato
102:obbligato
88:Obbligato
56:obligatus
52:mandatory
26:obbligato
949:Ostinato
882:Bassline
872:Arpeggio
812:Drum kit
668:14 April
625:obligato
429:Trumpet
400:Nocturne
397:'s 1958
389:♭
383:♭
348:'s 1925
219:Examples
166:, since
164:optional
136:optional
112:Continuo
66:obligato
61:obligare
58:p.p. of
41:obligato
909:Comping
631:website
530:Fidelio
441:A horn
338:in its
297:violin.
168:ad lib.
160:ad lib.
934:Groove
733:
691:
608:(2009)
567:(1835)
461:(1770)
919:Drone
892:Chord
837:Piano
549:Corno
451:, in
309:" in
232:used
189:Bloch
158:, or
145:ossia
959:Vamp
954:Riff
929:Fill
731:ISBN
709:link
689:ISBN
670:2018
303:'s "
601:'s
577:'s
555:'s
413:'s
372:'s
362:'s
191:'s
178:In
72:).
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324:.
29:(
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