1544:
1655:
2307:
2412:
1787:
745:
2363:
2391:
42:
611:
62:
2335:
1303:
780:
376:
529:
302:
birds and generally live on the ground; even the tree quails, which roost in high trees, generally feed mainly on the ground. They are generalists with regards to their diet, taking insects, seeds, vegetation, and tubers. Desert species in particular consume seeds frequently.
267:, both found in Africa, seem to belong to the family. Species are found across a variety of habitats from tropical rainforest to deserts, although few species are capable of surviving at very low temperatures. There are 34 species divided into 10
306:
Most of the information about the breeding biology of New World quails comes from North
American species, which have been better studied than those of the Neotropics. The family is generally thought to be
311:, and nests are constructed on the ground. Clutch sizes are large, as is typical within the Galliformes, ranging from three to six eggs for the tree quail and wood quail, and as high as 10-15 for the
278:. Although they are capable of short bursts of strong flight, New World quails prefer to walk, and run from danger (or hide), taking off explosively only as a last resort.
3723:
2218:
1543:
2244:
1323:
819:
274:
The legs of most New World quails are short but powerful, with some species having very thick legs for digging. They lack the spurs of many Old World
808:
2192:
1563:
800:
4066:
2483:
Phylogeny of the
Galliformes based a study by De Chen and collaborators published in 2021. The number of species are from the list maintained by
2181:
4105:
2206:
2232:
2169:
4040:
4079:
2492:
4084:
1654:
330:, with many taken by hunters, but these species have also had their ranges increased to meet hunting demand and are not
3866:
4179:
3876:
4110:
4009:
247:
family. The geographical range of the New World quail extends from Canada to southern Brazil, and two species, the
3888:
4022:
4174:
2306:
17:
4092:
3747:"Divergence time estimation of Galliformes based on the best gene shopping scheme of ultraconserved elements"
640:
61:
3965:
3952:
2411:
3796:
3745:
Chen, D.; Hosner, P.A.; Dittmann, D.L.; O’Neill, J.P.; Birks, S.M.; Braun, E.L.; Kimball, R.T. (2021).
2484:
2026:
672:
3970:
2103:
1958:
3943:
3554:
3533:
3434:
3413:
2115:
334:. They are also artificially stocked. Some species are threatened by human activity, such as the
4164:
3378:
3214:
1990:
1786:
1025:
3893:
4136:
3905:
3574:
3512:
3491:
3454:
3324:
3304:
3248:
3148:
2881:
2014:
1926:
1914:
628:
2362:
4131:
4071:
3268:
3180:
2683:
2091:
956:
4123:
3991:
2979:
2825:
2561:
2067:
744:
393:
264:
8:
4159:
3693:
3112:
2999:
2861:
2805:
2759:
2723:
2703:
2609:
2079:
2002:
1616:
308:
4032:
3773:
3746:
3092:
2932:
2541:
1902:
1817:
1805:
335:
256:
56:
3957:
4118:
3978:
3872:
3778:
2952:
1488:
482:
312:
287:
49:
3800:
3768:
3758:
2488:
1429:
828:
316:
248:
2390:
4169:
3983:
2643:
1584:
1572:
405:
283:
260:
236:
4097:
3804:
4017:
4004:
3763:
3714:
2595:
2385:
1074:
610:
546:
252:
41:
4153:
2515:
2334:
1673:
1382:
323:
and quickly leave the nest to accompany the parents in large family groups.
282:
varies from dull to spectacular, and many species have ornamental crests or
3928:
3831:
3782:
3165:
2301:
1793:
1332:
762:
123:
4053:
3937:
2526:
2406:
2262:
1661:
1302:
470:
382:
275:
244:
235:
are small birds, that despite their similar appearance and habits to the
220:
213:
199:
113:
3688:
2783:
2667:
1309:
617:
331:
299:
192:
171:
157:
138:
779:
2357:
751:
320:
178:
73:
4058:
4045:
3899:
338:
of Mexico, which is threatened by habitat loss and illegal hunting.
3922:
3077:
2329:
1550:
535:
327:
206:
164:
93:
528:
375:
319:
takes between 16 and 30 days depending on the species. Chicks are
2916:
786:
279:
185:
147:
83:
3996:
268:
103:
3744:
290:
is seen in plumage, with males having brighter plumage.
3864:, J.; Elliot, A. & Sargatal, J. (editors). (1994).
2501:
3795:
3871:: New World Vultures to Guineafowl. Lynx Edicions.
326:Northern bobwhite and California quail are popular
4151:
3889:gbwf.org - Quail, Aviculture & Conservation
243:. In contrast, the Old World quail are in the
2332:– chachalacas, curassows, guans (56 species)
658:(Guatemalan/Nicaraguan long-tailed partridge)
239:, belong to a different family known as the
40:
3772:
3762:
346:Subspecies English names by Çınar 2015.
293:
2409:– pheasants & allies (184 species)
14:
4152:
432:(Abyssinian/Ethiopian stone partridge)
3904:
3903:
3811:. International Ornithologists' Union
3712:
983:(Salvadorean White-breasted Bobwhite)
699:(gray-breasted long-tailed partridge)
4023:25d0d622-78f3-4146-991f-6abd11b255de
3829:
3717:02 → Gᴀʟʟᴏᴀɴsᴇʀᴀᴇ : Gᴀʟʟɪfᴏʀᴍᴇs
974:(Guatemalan white-breasted bobwhite)
3823:
3805:"Pheasants, partridges, francolins"
2493:International Ornithologists' Union
2491:and David Donsker on behalf of the
667:(Costa Rican long-tailed partridge)
24:
3867:Handbook of the Birds of the World
3789:
1051:(Progreso black-throated bobwhite)
915:(Mocquerys's/Cumana crested quail)
25:
4191:
3882:
1759:(Salvadorean long-toed partridge)
1524:(fulvous-breasted Gambel's quail)
1474:(Santa Catalina California quail)
1010:(Sclater's spot-bellied bobwhite)
717:(Guerreran long-tailed partridge)
3809:IOC World Bird List Version 11.2
3153:(Gambel 1848) Ogilvie-Grant 1893
2614:(Salvin 1876) Ogilvie-Grant 1893
2410:
2389:
2361:
2333:
2305:
1785:
1681:(Gambel 1848) Ogilvie-Grant 1893
1666:(Gambel 1848) Ogilvie-Grant 1893
1653:
1542:
1301:
1263:(spot-bellied northern bobwhite)
1219:(black-headed northern bobwhite)
1019:(Dickey's spot-bellied bobwhite)
778:
743:
609:
527:
490:(Salvin 1876) Ogilvie-Grant 1893
374:
60:
3896:on the Internet Bird Collection
2388:– New World quail (34 species)
1368:(chestnut-bellied scaled quail)
1068:(Honduran black-throated quail)
734:(Oaxacan long-tailed partridge)
708:(Jalisco long-tailed partridge)
690:(eastern long-tailed partridge)
3738:
3706:
1768:(Honduran long-toed partridge)
1183:(Guatemalan northern bobwhite)
1001:(Leyland's spot-bellied quail)
13:
1:
3713:Çınar, Ümüt (November 2015).
3699:
1644:(Salle's spot-breasted quail)
1506:(southwestern Gambel's quail)
564:(northwestern mountain quail)
370:Bowie, Coehn & Crowe 2013
298:The New World quails are shy
2256:
1757:Dickey & van Rossem 1928
1483:(San Lucas California quail)
1415:(Islas MarĂas elegant quail)
1359:(Upper Sonoran scaled quail)
1234:(Lawrence 1853) Aldrich 1942
1192:(Salvin's northern bobwhite)
1151:(Thayer's northern bobwhite)
1133:(Godman's northern bobwhite)
1049:van Tyne & Trautman 1941
1041:van Tyne & Trautman 1941
933:(Cauca Valley crested quail)
852:Dickey & van Rossem 1930
756:Gould 1846 non Des Murs 1854
641:Buffy-crowned wood partridge
518:(southern long-legged colin)
500:(Honduran long-legged colin)
7:
3682:
2053:(rufous-breasted partridge)
2042:Lönnberg & Rendahl 1922
1236:(Jaumave northern bobwhite)
924:(white-eared crested quail)
10:
4196:
3764:10.1186/s12862-021-01935-1
2728:(Jardine & Selby 1828)
2160:
2027:Rufous-breasted wood quail
1985:(chestnut-eared partridge)
1602:(Mearns's Montezuma quail)
1533:(Stephen's Gambel's quail)
1447:(coastal California quail)
1174:(Masked northern Bobwhite)
1107:(puebla northern bobwhite)
688:(Jardine & Selby 1828)
680:(Jardine & Selby 1828)
673:Long-tailed wood partridge
423:(Kordofan stone partridge)
341:
3912:
3751:BMC Ecology and Evolution
3571:
3550:
3529:
3508:
3487:
3480:
3451:
3430:
3409:
3402:
3395:
3375:
3368:
3321:
3301:
3294:
3265:
3245:
3238:
3231:
3211:
3204:
3197:
3177:
3170:
3145:
3138:
3109:
3089:
3082:
3070:
2996:
2976:
2969:
2949:
2928:
2921:
2878:
2858:
2851:
2822:
2802:
2795:
2788:
2776:
2756:
2749:
2720:
2700:
2679:
2672:
2660:
2648:(Douglas 1829) Baird 1858
2640:
2633:
2626:
2606:
2599:
2558:
2538:
2531:
2519:
2509:
2404:
2383:
2376:
2360:– guineafowl (6 species)
2355:
2348:
2327:
2320:
2304:– megapodes (21 species)
2299:
2292:
2285:
2277:
2133:(black-fronted partridge)
2104:Black-breasted wood quail
1959:Rufous-fronted wood quail
1775:Warner & Harrell 1957
1749:Warner & Harrell 1957
1732:Warner & Harrell 1957
1715:Warner & Harrell 1955
1689:Warner & Harrell 1957
1611:(Massena harlequin quail)
1465:(valley California quail)
1400:(Douglas's elegant quail)
1142:(least northern bobwhite)
1124:(black-breasted bobwhite)
942:(Bogotá crested bobwhite)
906:(Sonnini's crested quail)
863:(Magdalena crested quail)
600:(southern mountain quail)
562:(Douglas 1829) non Peters
554:(Douglas 1829) Baird 1858
540:(Douglas 1829) Baird 1858
457:
365:
286:on their heads. Moderate
255:, have been successfully
153:
146:
57:Scientific classification
55:
48:
39:
34:
4180:Taxa named by John Gould
2116:Black-fronted wood quail
2108:Odontophorus leucolaemus
2096:Odontophorus columbianus
2044:(Soderstrom's partridge)
2019:Odontophorus melanonotus
2007:Odontophorus hyperythrus
1953:(black-eared wood quail)
1888:(thick-billed partridge)
1725:(Jaliscan singing quail)
1699:(Veracruz singing quail)
1409:(Benson's elegant quail)
1377:(Altiplano scaled quail)
872:(littoral crested quail)
2764:(Gould 1844) Gould 1846
2149:Aveledo & Pons 1952
1995:Odontophorus balliviani
1991:Stripe-faced wood quail
1822:Odontophorus gujanensis
1742:(Chiapan singing quail)
1708:(Yucatán singing quail)
1424:(Jalisco elegant quail)
1350:(northern scaled quail)
1149:Bangs & Peters 1928
1026:Black-throated bobwhite
770:(Gould 1844) Gould 1846
591:(desert mountain quail)
582:(pallid mountain quail)
573:(plumed mountain quail)
441:(Kenya stone partridge)
3894:New World quail videos
3724:English Names of Birds
3149:Dactylortyx thoracicus
2142:(variegated partridge)
2120:Odontophorus atrifrons
2084:Odontophorus strophium
2072:Odontophorus dialeucos
2031:Odontophorus speciosus
2015:Dark-backed wood quail
1963:Odontophorus erythrops
1931:Odontophorus melanotis
1927:Black-eared wood quail
1915:Spot-winged wood quail
1907:Odontophorus stellatus
1678:Dactylortyx thoracicus
1515:(Texas Gambel's quail)
1434:Callipepla californica
1208:Orr & Webster 1968
992:(white-throated quail)
854:(Panama crested quail)
629:Bearded wood partridge
4175:Birds of the Americas
4132:Paleobiology Database
2219:Nanortyx inexpectatus
2092:Venezuelan wood quail
1919:Odontophorus capueira
1871:(Buckley's partridge)
1810:Odontophorus guttatus
1568:Gutierrez et al. 1981
1210:(Harrison's bobwhite)
1199:(Statius MĂĽller 1776)
957:Spot-bellied bobwhite
951:(short-crested quail)
645:Dendrortyx leucophrys
294:Behaviour and ecology
4018:Fauna Europaea (new)
3803:, eds. (July 2021).
2261:Position within the
2245:Neortyx peninsularis
2068:Tacarcuna wood quail
2062:(Bolivian partridge)
1944:(Honduran partridge)
1835:(ChiriquĂ partridge)
1387:Callipepla douglasii
1363:C. s. castanogastris
1324:Callipepla shotwelli
1217:(Ogilvie-Grant 1893)
1098:(Grayson's Bobwhite)
1030:Colinus nigrogularis
946:C. c. parvicristatus
410:Ptilopachus petrosus
259:to New Zealand. The
3843:John Boyd's website
3830:Boyd, John (2007).
3694:List of Galliformes
2760:Philortyx fasciatus
2610:Rhynchortyx cinctus
2080:Gorgeted wood quail
2003:Chestnut wood quail
1897:(Simon's partridge)
1883:O. g. pachyrhynchus
1862:(Guianan partridge)
1844:(marbled partridge)
1617:Spot-breasted quail
1589:Cyrtonyx montezumae
1493:Callipepla gambelii
1456:(Owen Valley quail)
1337:Callipepla squamata
1201:(coyolcos Bobwhite)
1165:(Nelson's bobwhite)
1079:Colinus virginianus
767:Philortyx fasciatus
677:Dendrortyx macroura
633:Dendrortyx barbatus
509:(long-legged colin)
487:Rhynchortyx cinctus
464:(New World quails)
396:/forest francolin,
3799:; Donsker, David;
2039:O. s. soderstromii
1903:Starred wood quail
1818:Marbled wood quail
1806:Spotted wood quail
1754:D. t. salvadoranus
1577:Cyrtonyx ocellatus
1469:C. c. catalinensis
1272:(Eastern bobwhite)
1254:(Florida bobwhite)
1055:C. n. nigrogularis
961:Colinus leucopogon
694:D. m. griseipectus
475:Ogilvie-Grant 1893
439:Ogilvie-Grant 1900
398:Ptilopachus nahani
336:bearded tree quail
4147:
4146:
4119:Open Tree of Life
3906:Taxon identifiers
3801:Rasmussen, Pamela
3679:
3678:
3670:
3669:
3661:
3660:
3652:
3651:
3643:
3642:
3634:
3633:
3625:
3624:
3616:
3615:
3607:
3606:
3598:
3597:
3589:
3588:
3580:
3560:
3539:
3518:
3497:
3469:
3468:
3460:
3440:
3419:
3384:
3357:
3356:
3348:
3347:
3339:
3338:
3330:
3310:
3283:
3282:
3274:
3254:
3220:
3186:
3154:
3127:
3126:
3118:
3098:
3059:
3058:
3050:
3049:
3041:
3040:
3032:
3031:
3023:
3022:
3014:
3013:
3005:
2985:
2958:
2938:
2905:
2904:
2896:
2895:
2887:
2867:
2840:
2839:
2831:
2811:
2765:
2738:
2737:
2729:
2709:
2689:
2649:
2615:
2585:
2584:
2576:
2575:
2567:
2547:
2499:
2498:
2477:
2476:
2468:
2467:
2459:
2458:
2450:
2449:
2441:
2440:
2432:
2431:
2423:
2422:
2250:
2239:
2224:
2213:
2198:
2187:
2176:
2158:
2157:
1875:O. g. rufogularis
1853:(Duida partridge)
1686:D. t. pettingilli
1519:C. g. fulvipectus
1460:C. c. californica
1454:(van Rossem 1939)
1442:C. c. brunnescens
1413:C. d. vanderbilti
1316:(Crested quails)
1281:(plains bobwhite)
1267:C. v. virginianus
1227:subspecies-group
1225:C. v. virginianus
1159:subspecies-group
1115:subspecies-group
1102:C. v. nigripectus
1089:subspecies-group
1075:Northern bobwhite
1063:C. n. segoviensis
889:(Horvath's quail)
833:Colinus cristatus
721:D. m. inesperatus
662:D. l. hypospodius
586:O. p. eremophilus
483:Tawny-faced quail
394:Nahan's partridge
313:northern bobwhite
288:sexual dichromism
265:Nahan's partridge
229:
228:
142:
50:Northern bobwhite
16:(Redirected from
4187:
4140:
4139:
4127:
4126:
4114:
4113:
4101:
4100:
4098:NHMSYS0020959139
4088:
4087:
4075:
4074:
4062:
4061:
4049:
4048:
4036:
4035:
4026:
4025:
4013:
4012:
4000:
3999:
3987:
3986:
3974:
3973:
3961:
3960:
3948:
3947:
3946:
3933:
3932:
3931:
3901:
3900:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3849:
3840:
3827:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3816:
3793:
3787:
3786:
3776:
3766:
3742:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3710:
3578:
3558:
3537:
3516:
3495:
3483:
3482:
3458:
3438:
3417:
3405:
3404:
3398:
3397:
3382:
3371:
3370:
3328:
3308:
3297:
3296:
3272:
3252:
3241:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3218:
3207:
3206:
3200:
3199:
3184:
3173:
3172:
3152:
3141:
3140:
3116:
3096:
3085:
3084:
3073:
3072:
3003:
2983:
2972:
2971:
2956:
2936:
2924:
2923:
2885:
2865:
2854:
2853:
2829:
2809:
2798:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2779:
2778:
2763:
2752:
2751:
2727:
2707:
2687:
2675:
2674:
2663:
2662:
2647:
2636:
2635:
2629:
2628:
2613:
2602:
2601:
2565:
2545:
2534:
2533:
2522:
2521:
2512:
2511:
2505:
2504:
2489:Pamela Rasmussen
2414:
2393:
2379:
2378:
2365:
2351:
2350:
2337:
2323:
2322:
2309:
2295:
2294:
2288:
2287:
2280:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2268:
2267:
2248:
2237:
2222:
2211:
2196:
2185:
2174:
2150:
2141:
2137:O. a. variegatus
2132:
2124:
2112:
2100:
2088:
2076:
2061:
2052:
2043:
2035:
2023:
2011:
1999:
1984:
1975:
1967:
1952:
1943:
1939:O. m. verecundus
1935:
1923:
1911:
1896:
1887:
1879:
1870:
1861:
1857:O. g. gujanensis
1852:
1843:
1839:O. g. marmoratus
1834:
1830:O. g. castigatus
1826:
1814:
1799:
1789:
1776:
1767:
1758:
1750:
1746:D. t. dolichonyx
1741:
1737:D. t. chiapensis
1733:
1724:
1716:
1707:
1698:
1694:D. t. thoracicus
1690:
1682:
1667:
1657:
1643:
1635:
1626:
1610:
1606:C. m. montezumae
1601:
1593:
1581:
1569:
1556:
1546:
1532:
1523:
1514:
1505:
1497:
1482:
1478:C. c. achrustera
1473:
1464:
1455:
1451:C. c. canfieldae
1446:
1438:
1430:California quail
1423:
1422:(Friedmann 1943)
1408:
1399:
1391:
1376:
1367:
1358:
1349:
1341:
1329:
1315:
1305:
1290:(Texas bobwhite)
1289:
1280:
1271:
1262:
1253:
1249:C. v. floridanus
1245:(Cuban bobwhite)
1244:
1240:C. v. cubanensis
1235:
1218:
1209:
1200:
1191:
1182:
1173:
1150:
1141:
1132:
1123:
1119:C. v. pectoralis
1113:C. v. pectoralis
1106:
1097:
1083:
1067:
1059:
1050:
1042:
1034:
1018:
1009:
1008:(Bonaparte 1856)
1000:
991:
987:C. l. leucopogon
982:
978:C. l. hypoleucus
973:
965:
950:
941:
937:C. c. bogotensis
932:
923:
914:
910:C. c. mocquerysi
905:
897:
888:
880:
871:
867:C. c. littoralis
862:
853:
849:C. c. panamensis
845:
837:
829:Crested bobwhite
825:
820:Colinus hibbardi
814:
792:
782:
771:
757:
747:
733:
725:
716:
707:
698:
689:
681:
666:
657:
653:D. l. leucophrys
649:
637:
623:
613:
599:
590:
581:
572:
563:
555:
541:
531:
517:
508:
499:
495:R. c. pudibundus
491:
476:
463:
449:
440:
436:P. p. florentiae
431:
422:
414:
402:
388:
378:
371:
349:
348:
249:California quail
137:
65:
64:
44:
35:New World quail
32:
31:
21:
4195:
4194:
4190:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4185:
4184:
4150:
4149:
4148:
4143:
4135:
4130:
4122:
4117:
4109:
4104:
4096:
4091:
4083:
4078:
4070:
4065:
4057:
4052:
4044:
4039:
4031:
4029:
4021:
4016:
4008:
4003:
3995:
3990:
3982:
3977:
3969:
3964:
3956:
3951:
3942:
3941:
3936:
3927:
3926:
3921:
3908:
3885:
3858:
3857:
3847:
3845:
3838:
3828:
3824:
3814:
3812:
3794:
3790:
3743:
3739:
3729:
3727:
3711:
3707:
3702:
3685:
3680:
3671:
3662:
3653:
3644:
3635:
3626:
3617:
3608:
3599:
3590:
3470:
3358:
3349:
3340:
3284:
3273:(von Spix 1825)
3128:
3060:
3051:
3042:
3033:
3024:
3015:
3004:(Linnaeus 1758)
2980:C. nigrogularis
2957:(Linnaeus 1766)
2906:
2897:
2841:
2739:
2644:Oreortyx pictus
2586:
2577:
2478:
2469:
2460:
2451:
2442:
2433:
2424:
2259:
2163:
2148:
2139:
2130:
2128:O. a. atrifrons
2122:
2110:
2098:
2086:
2074:
2059:
2057:O. s. loricatus
2050:
2048:O. s. speciosus
2041:
2033:
2021:
2009:
1997:
1982:
1980:O. e. erythrops
1976:(Paramba quail)
1974:Rothschild 1897
1973:
1965:
1950:
1948:O. m. melanotis
1941:
1933:
1922:(von Spix 1825)
1921:
1909:
1894:
1885:
1877:
1868:
1859:
1850:
1841:
1832:
1824:
1812:
1797:
1774:
1765:
1756:
1748:
1739:
1731:
1722:
1714:
1705:
1696:
1688:
1680:
1665:
1641:
1633:
1624:
1621:Cyrtonyx sallei
1608:
1599:
1591:
1585:Montezuma quail
1579:
1573:Ocellated quail
1567:
1554:
1530:
1528:C. g. stephensi
1521:
1512:
1510:C. g. ignoscens
1503:
1495:
1480:
1472:(Grinnell 1906)
1471:
1462:
1453:
1444:
1436:
1421:
1406:
1397:
1395:C. d. douglasii
1389:
1374:
1365:
1356:
1354:C. s. hargravei
1347:
1339:
1328:(Brodkorb 1958)
1327:
1313:
1288:(Lawrence 1853)
1287:
1278:
1270:(Linnaeus 1758)
1269:
1260:
1258:C. v. maculatus
1251:
1242:
1233:
1216:
1207:
1205:C. v. harrisoni
1198:
1189:
1180:
1171:
1148:
1139:
1130:
1121:
1104:
1096:(Lawrence 1867)
1095:
1082:(Linnaeus 1758)
1081:
1065:
1057:
1048:
1046:C. n. persiccus
1040:
1032:
1016:
1007:
998:
989:
980:
971:
963:
948:
939:
930:
921:
912:
904:(Temminck 1815)
903:
895:
887:(Madarász 1904)
886:
879:(Linnaeus 1766)
878:
876:C. c. cristatus
869:
860:
858:C. c. decoratus
851:
843:
836:(Linnaeus 1766)
835:
823:
812:
809:Colinus suilium
790:
769:
755:
731:
723:
714:
705:
696:
687:
679:
664:
655:
647:
635:
621:
597:
589:van Rossem 1937
588:
579:
570:
561:
553:
551:Oreortyx pictus
539:
515:
513:R. c. australis
506:
497:
489:
474:
461:
447:
438:
429:
420:
412:
406:Stone partridge
400:
386:
369:
344:
296:
261:stone partridge
237:Old World quail
233:New World quail
136:
59:
28:
27:Family of birds
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4193:
4183:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4165:Odontophoridae
4162:
4145:
4144:
4142:
4141:
4128:
4115:
4102:
4089:
4076:
4063:
4050:
4037:
4033:odontophoridae
4027:
4014:
4005:Fauna Europaea
4001:
3988:
3975:
3962:
3958:Odontophoridae
3949:
3944:Odontophoridae
3934:
3918:
3916:
3914:Odontophoridae
3910:
3909:
3898:
3897:
3891:
3884:
3883:External links
3881:
3880:
3879:
3856:
3855:
3834:Odontophoridae
3822:
3788:
3737:
3704:
3703:
3701:
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3691:
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3587:
3586:
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3570:
3567:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3555:O. leucolaemus
3549:
3546:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3534:O. columbianus
3528:
3525:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3507:
3504:
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3500:
3499:
3486:
3481:
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3472:
3471:
3467:
3466:
3463:
3462:
3450:
3447:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3435:O. melanonotus
3429:
3426:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3414:O. hyperythrus
3408:
3403:
3401:
3396:
3394:
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3029:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3012:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3000:C. virginianus
2995:
2992:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2975:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2961:
2960:
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2911:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2894:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2882:C. californica
2877:
2874:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2857:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2846:
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2634:
2632:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2605:
2600:
2598:
2596:Odontophorinae
2592:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2573:
2570:
2569:
2557:
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2426:
2425:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2386:Odontophoridae
2382:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2367:
2354:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2340:
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2326:
2321:
2319:
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2278:
2276:
2271:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2251:
2227:
2226:
2225:
2201:
2200:
2199:
2193:Miortyx aldeni
2188:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2143:
2134:
2113:
2101:
2089:
2077:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2054:
2045:
2024:
2012:
2000:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1977:
1971:O. e. parambae
1956:
1955:
1954:
1945:
1924:
1912:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1889:
1880:
1872:
1866:O. g. buckleyi
1863:
1854:
1845:
1836:
1815:
1801:
1800:(wood quails)
1790:
1782:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1772:D. t. conoveri
1769:
1760:
1751:
1743:
1734:
1726:
1717:
1712:D. t. paynteri
1709:
1700:
1691:
1668:
1658:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1636:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1603:
1582:
1570:
1564:Cyrtonyx cooki
1557:
1547:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1525:
1516:
1513:Friedmann 1943
1507:
1501:C. g. gambelii
1489:Gambel's quail
1486:
1485:
1484:
1475:
1466:
1457:
1448:
1445:(Ridgway 1884)
1427:
1426:
1425:
1416:
1410:
1401:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1372:C. s. squamata
1369:
1360:
1351:
1330:
1317:
1306:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1291:
1282:
1279:(Lincoln 1915)
1273:
1264:
1255:
1246:
1237:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1214:C. v. atriceps
1211:
1202:
1196:C. v. coyolcos
1193:
1184:
1178:C. v. insignis
1175:
1169:C. v. ridgwayi
1166:
1157:C. v. coyolcos
1154:
1153:
1152:
1143:
1134:
1125:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1099:
1093:C. v. graysoni
1087:C. v. graysoni
1071:
1070:
1069:
1060:
1052:
1043:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1011:
1005:C. l. sclateri
1002:
996:C. l. leylandi
993:
984:
975:
972:Friedmann 1944
954:
953:
952:
943:
934:
925:
919:C. c. leucotis
916:
913:(Hartert 1894)
907:
898:
890:
884:C. c. horvathi
881:
873:
864:
855:
846:
826:
815:
804:
801:Colinus eatoni
794:
783:
775:
774:
773:
772:
758:
748:
740:
739:
738:
737:
736:
735:
726:
718:
712:D. m. striatus
709:
706:Friedmann 1943
703:D. m. diversus
700:
691:
685:D. m. macroura
670:
669:
668:
659:
638:
624:
614:
606:
605:
604:
603:
602:
601:
595:O. p. confinis
592:
583:
577:O. p. russelli
574:
568:O. p. plumifer
565:
547:Mountain quail
542:
532:
524:
523:
522:
521:
520:
519:
510:
501:
477:
467:
465:
459:Odontophorinae
455:
454:
453:
452:
451:
450:
445:P. p. petrosus
442:
433:
424:
403:
389:
379:
372:
363:
362:
359:
356:
353:
343:
340:
295:
292:
253:bobwhite quail
241:Odontophoridae
227:
226:
225:
224:
217:
210:
203:
196:
189:
182:
175:
168:
161:
151:
150:
144:
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134:Odontophoridae
131:
127:
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117:
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111:
107:
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101:
97:
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91:
87:
86:
81:
77:
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71:
67:
66:
53:
52:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
18:Odontophoridae
9:
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4:
3:
2:
4192:
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4038:
4034:
4030:Featherbase:
4028:
4024:
4019:
4015:
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4006:
4002:
3998:
3993:
3989:
3985:
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3892:
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3887:
3886:
3878:
3877:84-87334-15-6
3874:
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3501:
3498:
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3436:
3428:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3420:
3416:
3415:
3407:
3406:
3400:
3399:
3393:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3385:
3381:
3380:
3379:O. balliviani
3373:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3353:
3352:
3344:
3343:
3335:
3334:
3331:
3327:
3326:
3319:
3318:
3315:
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3311:
3307:
3306:
3299:
3298:
3292:
3291:
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3287:
3279:
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3275:
3271:
3270:
3263:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3255:
3251:
3250:
3243:
3242:
3236:
3235:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3221:
3219:(Gmelin 1789)
3217:
3216:
3215:O. gujanensis
3209:
3208:
3202:
3201:
3195:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3183:
3182:
3175:
3174:
3168:
3167:
3163:
3162:
3159:
3158:
3155:
3151:
3150:
3143:
3142:
3136:
3135:
3132:
3131:
3123:
3122:
3119:
3117:(Vigors 1830)
3115:
3114:
3113:C. montezumae
3107:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3099:
3095:
3094:
3087:
3086:
3080:
3079:
3075:
3074:
3068:
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3064:
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3055:
3054:
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3036:
3028:
3027:
3019:
3018:
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3009:
3006:
3002:
3001:
2994:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2986:
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2967:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2959:
2955:
2954:
2947:
2946:
2943:
2942:
2939:
2937:(Lesson 1842)
2935:
2934:
2933:C. leucopogon
2926:
2925:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2901:
2900:
2892:
2891:
2888:
2884:
2883:
2876:
2875:
2872:
2871:
2868:
2866:(Gambel 1843)
2864:
2863:
2856:
2855:
2849:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2836:
2835:
2832:
2830:(Vigors 1829)
2828:
2827:
2820:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2812:
2810:(Vigors 1830)
2808:
2807:
2800:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2780:
2774:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2766:
2762:
2761:
2754:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2734:
2733:
2730:
2726:
2725:
2718:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2710:
2706:
2705:
2698:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2690:
2686:
2685:
2684:D. leucophrys
2677:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2664:
2658:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2650:
2646:
2645:
2638:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2616:
2612:
2611:
2604:
2603:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2581:
2580:
2572:
2571:
2568:
2566:(Gmelin 1789)
2564:
2563:
2556:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2548:
2546:(Dubois 1905)
2544:
2543:
2536:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2524:
2523:
2517:
2516:Ptilopachinae
2514:
2513:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2481:
2473:
2472:
2464:
2463:
2455:
2454:
2446:
2445:
2437:
2436:
2428:
2427:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2408:
2402:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2359:
2353:
2352:
2346:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2331:
2325:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2314:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2282:
2281:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2235:
2234:
2228:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2202:
2195:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2183:
2182:Miortyx teres
2178:
2177:
2173:
2172:
2171:
2165:
2164:
2147:
2144:
2138:
2135:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2097:
2093:
2090:
2085:
2081:
2078:
2073:
2069:
2066:
2058:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2025:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2008:
2004:
2001:
1996:
1992:
1989:
1981:
1978:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1957:
1949:
1946:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1920:
1916:
1913:
1908:
1904:
1901:
1893:
1892:O. g. simonsi
1890:
1884:
1881:
1876:
1873:
1867:
1864:
1860:(Gmelin 1789)
1858:
1855:
1849:
1846:
1840:
1837:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1825:(Gmelin 1789)
1823:
1819:
1816:
1811:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1802:
1798:Vieillot 1816
1796:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1784:
1783:
1773:
1770:
1764:
1761:
1755:
1752:
1747:
1744:
1738:
1735:
1730:
1729:D. t. melodus
1727:
1721:
1718:
1713:
1710:
1704:
1703:D. t. sharpei
1701:
1697:(Gambel 1848)
1695:
1692:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1674:Singing quail
1671:
1670:
1669:
1664:
1663:
1659:
1656:
1652:
1651:
1642:Verreaux 1859
1640:
1637:
1634:Phillips 1966
1632:
1631:C. s. rowleyi
1629:
1628:
1625:Verreaux 1859
1622:
1618:
1615:
1609:(Vigors 1830)
1607:
1604:
1598:
1597:C. m. mearnsi
1595:
1594:
1592:(Vigors 1830)
1590:
1586:
1583:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1531:Phillips 1959
1529:
1526:
1520:
1517:
1511:
1508:
1504:(Gambel 1843)
1502:
1499:
1498:
1496:(Gambel 1843)
1494:
1490:
1487:
1481:(Peters 1923)
1479:
1476:
1470:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1405:
1404:C. d. bensoni
1402:
1398:(Vigors 1829)
1396:
1393:
1392:
1390:(Vigors 1829)
1388:
1384:
1383:Elegant quail
1381:
1375:(Vigors 1830)
1373:
1370:
1366:Brewster 1883
1364:
1361:
1355:
1352:
1348:Brewster 1881
1346:
1345:C. s. pallida
1343:
1342:
1340:(Vigors 1830)
1338:
1334:
1331:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1304:
1300:
1299:
1286:
1285:C. v. texanus
1283:
1277:
1276:C. v. taylori
1274:
1268:
1265:
1261:(Nelson 1899)
1259:
1256:
1250:
1247:
1241:
1238:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1215:
1212:
1206:
1203:
1197:
1194:
1188:
1187:C. v. salvini
1185:
1179:
1176:
1172:Brewster 1885
1170:
1167:
1164:
1163:C. v. nelsoni
1161:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1147:
1146:C. v. thayeri
1144:
1138:
1135:
1129:
1128:C. v. godmani
1126:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1103:
1100:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1064:
1061:
1058:(Gould 1843)
1056:
1053:
1047:
1044:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1015:
1014:C. l. dickeyi
1012:
1006:
1003:
997:
994:
990:(Lesson 1842)
988:
985:
979:
976:
970:
969:C. l. incanus
967:
966:
964:(Lesson 1842)
962:
958:
955:
947:
944:
938:
935:
929:
926:
920:
917:
911:
908:
902:
901:C. c. sonnini
899:
896:Gilliard 1940
894:
893:C. c. barnesi
891:
885:
882:
877:
874:
868:
865:
859:
856:
850:
847:
842:
839:
838:
834:
830:
827:
822:
821:
816:
813:Brodkorb 1959
811:
810:
805:
803:
802:
797:
796:
795:
791:Goldfuss 1820
789:
788:
784:
781:
777:
776:
768:
764:
761:
760:
759:
754:
753:
749:
746:
742:
741:
730:
729:D. m. oaxacae
727:
724:Phillips 1966
722:
719:
713:
710:
704:
701:
695:
692:
686:
683:
682:
678:
674:
671:
663:
660:
654:
651:
650:
646:
642:
639:
634:
630:
627:
626:
625:
620:
619:
615:
612:
608:
607:
596:
593:
587:
584:
578:
575:
569:
566:
560:
557:
556:
552:
548:
545:
544:
543:
538:
537:
533:
530:
526:
525:
514:
511:
507:(Salvin 1876)
505:
504:R. c. cinctus
502:
496:
493:
492:
488:
484:
480:
479:
478:
473:
472:
468:
466:
460:
456:
448:(Gmelin 1789)
446:
443:
437:
434:
428:
425:
419:
416:
415:
413:(Gmelin 1789)
411:
407:
404:
401:(Dubois 1905)
399:
395:
392:
391:
390:
387:Swainson 1837
385:
384:
380:
377:
373:
368:
367:Ptilopachinae
364:
360:
357:
354:
351:
350:
347:
339:
337:
333:
329:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
304:
301:
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
272:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
223:
222:
218:
216:
215:
211:
209:
208:
204:
202:
201:
197:
195:
194:
190:
188:
187:
183:
181:
180:
176:
174:
173:
169:
167:
166:
162:
160:
159:
155:
154:
152:
149:
145:
140:
135:
132:
129:
128:
125:
122:
120:Superfamily:
119:
118:
115:
112:
109:
108:
105:
102:
99:
98:
95:
92:
89:
88:
85:
82:
79:
78:
75:
72:
69:
68:
63:
58:
54:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3913:
3865:
3861:
3846:. Retrieved
3842:
3833:
3825:
3813:. Retrieved
3808:
3791:
3754:
3750:
3740:
3728:. Retrieved
3722:
3716:
3708:
3575:O. atrifrons
3573:
3572:
3553:
3551:
3532:
3530:
3517:(Gould 1844)
3513:O. strophium
3511:
3509:
3496:Wetmore 1963
3492:O. dialeucos
3490:
3488:
3459:Tschudi 1843
3455:O. speciosus
3453:
3452:
3433:
3431:
3412:
3410:
3377:
3376:
3325:O. erythrops
3323:
3322:
3305:O. melanotis
3303:
3302:
3267:
3266:
3253:(Gould 1843)
3249:O. stellatus
3247:
3246:
3213:
3212:
3185:(Gould 1838)
3179:
3178:
3166:Odontophorus
3164:
3147:
3146:
3111:
3110:
3097:(Gould 1837)
3093:C. ocellatus
3091:
3090:
3076:
2998:
2997:
2984:(Gould 1843)
2978:
2977:
2953:C. cristatus
2951:
2950:
2931:
2929:
2915:
2880:
2879:
2860:
2859:
2826:C. douglasii
2824:
2823:
2804:
2803:
2782:
2758:
2757:
2722:
2721:
2702:
2701:
2688:(Gould 1844)
2682:
2680:
2666:
2642:
2641:
2608:
2607:
2560:
2559:
2540:
2539:
2525:
2500:
2405:
2384:
2356:
2328:
2302:Megapodiidae
2300:
2283:Galliformes
2260:
2243:
2231:
2229:
2217:
2205:
2203:
2191:
2180:
2168:
2166:
2145:
2136:
2127:
2119:
2107:
2095:
2087:(Gould 1844)
2083:
2075:Wetmore 1963
2071:
2056:
2051:Tschudi 1843
2047:
2038:
2034:Tschudi 1843
2030:
2018:
2006:
1994:
1979:
1970:
1962:
1947:
1938:
1930:
1918:
1910:(Gould 1843)
1906:
1891:
1886:Tschudi 1844
1882:
1874:
1865:
1856:
1851:Chapman 1929
1848:O. g. medius
1847:
1842:(Gould 1843)
1838:
1829:
1821:
1813:(Gould 1838)
1809:
1794:Odontophorus
1792:
1771:
1766:Conover 1937
1763:D. t. fuscus
1762:
1753:
1745:
1736:
1728:
1720:D. t. devius
1719:
1711:
1702:
1693:
1685:
1677:
1660:
1639:C. s. sallei
1638:
1630:
1620:
1605:
1596:
1588:
1580:(Gould 1837)
1576:
1562:
1549:
1527:
1518:
1509:
1500:
1492:
1477:
1468:
1459:
1450:
1441:
1433:
1418:
1412:
1407:Ridgway 1887
1403:
1394:
1386:
1371:
1362:
1353:
1344:
1336:
1335:/blue quail
1333:Scaled quail
1322:
1308:
1284:
1275:
1266:
1257:
1252:(Coues 1872)
1248:
1239:
1231:C. v. aridus
1230:
1224:
1213:
1204:
1195:
1186:
1177:
1168:
1162:
1156:
1145:
1136:
1127:
1122:(Gould 1843)
1118:
1112:
1101:
1092:
1086:
1078:
1066:Ridgway 1888
1062:
1054:
1045:
1038:C. n. caboti
1037:
1033:(Gould 1843)
1029:
1017:Conover 1932
1013:
1004:
999:(Moore 1859)
995:
986:
981:(Gould 1860)
977:
968:
960:
949:(Gould 1843)
945:
936:
931:Conover 1938
928:C. c. badius
927:
922:(Gould 1844)
918:
909:
900:
892:
883:
875:
866:
857:
848:
844:Wetmore 1962
841:C. c. mariae
840:
832:
824:Wetmore 1944
818:
807:
799:
793:(Bobwhites)
785:
766:
763:Banded quail
750:
728:
720:
711:
702:
693:
684:
676:
661:
656:(Gould 1844)
652:
648:(Gould 1844)
644:
632:
616:
598:Anthony 1889
594:
585:
576:
571:(Gould 1837)
567:
559:O. p. pictus
558:
550:
534:
516:Chapman 1915
512:
503:
494:
486:
469:
458:
444:
435:
430:Neumann 1908
426:
421:Neumann 1908
418:P. p. brehmi
417:
409:
397:
381:
366:
345:
325:
305:
297:
273:
240:
232:
230:
219:
212:
205:
198:
193:Odontophorus
191:
184:
177:
170:
163:
156:
133:
124:Phasianoidea
29:
4054:iNaturalist
3938:Wikispecies
3848:30 December
3815:23 November
3797:Gill, Frank
3730:30 December
3559:Salvin 1867
3309:Salvin 1865
3269:O. capueira
3181:O. guttatus
2886:(Shaw 1798)
2862:C. gambelii
2806:C. squamata
2724:D. macroura
2704:D. barbatus
2562:P. petrosus
2527:Ptilopachus
2407:Phasianidae
2263:Galliformes
2249:Holman 1961
2238:Holman 1961
2223:Weigel 1963
2212:Weigel 1963
2197:Howard 1966
2186:Miller 1944
2175:Miller 1944
2146:O. a. navai
2111:Salvin 1867
1951:Salvin 1865
1942:Peters 1929
1934:Salvin 1865
1740:Nelson 1898
1723:Nelson 1898
1706:Nelson 1903
1662:Dactylortyx
1600:Nelson 1900
1522:Nelson 1899
1463:(Shaw 1798)
1437:(Shaw 1798)
1419:C. d. teres
1314:Wagler 1832
1243:(Gray 1846)
1190:Nelson 1897
1181:Nelson 1897
1140:Nelson 1901
1137:C. v. minor
1131:Nelson 1897
1105:Nelson 1897
940:Dugand 1943
870:(Todd 1917)
861:(Todd 1917)
732:Nelson 1897
715:Nelson 1897
697:Nelson 1897
665:Salvin 1896
580:Miller 1946
498:Peters 1929
471:Rhynchortyx
427:P. p. major
383:Ptilopachus
276:galliformes
245:Phasianidae
221:Ptilopachus
214:Rhynchortyx
200:Dactylortyx
114:Galliformes
4160:Game birds
4154:Categories
3869:. Volume 2
3757:(1): 209.
3700:References
3689:Quail eggs
3579:Allen 1900
3538:Gould 1850
3439:Gould 1861
3418:Gould 1858
3383:Gould 1846
3329:Gould 1859
2784:Callipepla
2708:Gould 1846
2668:Dendrortyx
2485:Frank Gill
2131:Allen 1900
2123:Allen 1900
2099:Gould 1850
2022:Gould 1861
2010:Gould 1858
1998:Gould 1846
1983:Gould 1859
1966:Gould 1859
1895:Chubb 1919
1878:Blake 1959
1869:Chubb 1919
1833:Bangs 1901
1672:long-toed/
1555:Gould 1844
1310:Callipepla
636:Gould 1846
622:Gould 1844
618:Dendrortyx
462:Gould 1844
352:Subfamily
332:threatened
317:Incubation
309:monogamous
257:introduced
172:Callipepla
158:Dendrortyx
2542:P. nahani
2358:Numididae
2257:Phylogeny
2140:Todd 1919
2060:Todd 1932
752:Philortyx
408:/Bantam,
328:gamebirds
321:precocial
179:Philortyx
80:Kingdom:
74:Eukaryota
3923:Wikidata
3862:del Hoyo
3783:34809586
3683:See also
3078:Cyrtonyx
2330:Cracidae
2207:Nanortyx
1551:Cyrtonyx
1357:Rea 1973
1024:Yucatán/
536:Oreortyx
361:Species
251:and the
207:Cyrtonyx
165:Oreortyx
130:Family:
94:Chordata
90:Phylum:
84:Animalia
70:Domain:
3774:8609756
2917:Colinus
2233:Neortyx
2230:Genus â€
2204:Genus â€
2170:Miortyx
2167:Genus â€
2161:Fossils
1073:masked/
787:Colinus
481:Banded/
342:Species
300:diurnal
280:Plumage
186:Colinus
110:Order:
100:Class:
4170:Quails
4124:594197
4111:224313
4085:553439
4072:106850
3929:Q72968
3875:
3781:
3771:
358:Genus
355:Image
284:plumes
269:genera
148:Genera
141:, 1844
4137:67353
4067:IRMNG
4010:16688
3839:(PDF)
139:Gould
4106:NCBI
4080:ITIS
4059:1278
4046:9325
4041:GBIF
3997:7590
3966:BOLD
3873:ISBN
3850:2015
3817:2021
3779:PMID
3732:2015
263:and
231:The
104:Aves
4093:NBN
3992:EoL
3984:DJ2
3979:CoL
3971:976
3953:AFD
3769:PMC
3759:doi
2265:.
4156::
4134::
4121::
4108::
4095::
4082::
4069::
4056::
4043::
4020::
4007::
3994::
3981::
3968::
3955::
3940::
3925::
3841:.
3807:.
3777:.
3767:.
3755:21
3753:.
3749:.
3721:.
2495:.
2487:,
2118:,
2106:,
2094:,
2082:,
2070:,
2029:,
2017:,
2005:,
1993:,
1961:,
1929:,
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