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depleted". The most extreme form of object-libido is the state of being in love: at the opposing end of the scale is paranoic fantasy. During the state of primary narcissism, the two forms of psychical energy are yet to be distinguished. It is only when there is object-cathexis that it becomes possible to "discriminate a sexual energy—the libido—from the energy of the ego-instincts".
132:
people and things, he suggests that: "the libido that has been withdrawn from the external world has been directed to the ego, and thus gives rise to an attitude which may be called narcissism." It is a secondary narcissism because it is not a new creation but a magnification of an already existing condition (primary narcissism).
140:
Prior to this essay, the libido theory focused on 'object-cathexes' - the emanations and withdrawals of libido relative to objects and others. Here Freud focuses for the first time on the antithesis between ego-libido and object-libido, noting that "the more one is employed, the more the other is
131:
Largely as a result of his observation of the peculiar nature of the schizophrenic's relation to themselves and the world, he also postulates a "secondary narcissism". Observing that the two fundamental qualities of such patients were megalomania and withdrawal of interest from the real world of
127:
Freud postulates a universal "primary narcissism" that is a phase of sexual development in early infancy (described in an earlier work as a necessary intermediate stage between auto-eroticism and object-love, love for others). Portions of this 'self-love' or ego-libido are, at later stages of
95:
In the paper, Freud sums up his earlier discussions on the subject of narcissism, considers its place in sexual development, and looks at the deeper problems of the relation between the ego and external objects, reconsidering the
73:
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119:. One of his motives for writing the essay was probably to propose the concept of narcissism as an alternative to Jung's non-sexual 'libido' and Adler's 'masculine protest'.
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theory to draw a new distinction between 'ego-libido' and 'object-libido' The essay is notable for its introduction of the idea of the '
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104:', and the self-observing agency related to it, which would later be developed as the concept of the
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The neurotic constitution; Outlines of a comparative individualistic psychology and psychotherapy
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Freud also looks at the concept in relation to his disputes with the theories of
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development, expressed outwardly, or "given off" toward others.
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343:"Standard Edition of the Complete Works of Sigmund Freud"
598:
Some
Character-Types Met with in Psycho-Analytic Work
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135:
1340:
1049:
383:
575:Leonardo da Vinci, A Memory of His Childhood
485:Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego
453:Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious
1347:
1333:
1056:
1042:
591:The History of the Psychoanalytic Movement
477:The History of the Psychoanalytic Movement
390:
376:
273:"Revisiting Freud and Kohut on narcissism"
204:
25:
270:
605:Thoughts for the Times on War and Death
551:Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality
334:
1358:
559:Delusion and Dream in Jensen's Gradiva
207:"Psychoanalysis: Theory and treatment"
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371:
315:
242:
179:
1299:
445:The Psychopathology of Everyday Life
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1240:Narcissistic Personality Inventory
14:
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1176:Narcissistic personality disorder
567:Creative Writers and Day-Dreaming
397:
223:
1303:
1282:
1281:
517:Civilization and Its Discontents
205:Blumenthal, Ellen (2006-12-01).
123:Primary and secondary narcissism
1063:
469:Introduction to Psychoanalysis
309:
271:Cratsley, Kelso (2016-03-23).
264:
198:
173:
1:
621:Beyond the Pleasure Principle
243:Freud, Sigmund (1914-01-01).
166:
1319:. You can help Knowledge by
1072:Similar personality concepts
501:The Question of Lay Analysis
430:The Interpretation of Dreams
352:. University of Pennsylvania
136:Ego-libido and object-libido
82:Zur Einführung des Narzißmus
51:Zur Einführung des Narzißmus
7:
1249:Related psychology concepts
151:Egosyntonic and egodystonic
144:
16:1914 essay by Sigmund Freud
10:
1397:
1298:
1279:
1248:
1198:Manipulation (psychology)
1168:
1127:
1071:
968:
918:Freud: The Secret Passion
907:
827:
713:
645:
544:The Aetiology of Hysteria
535:
509:The Future of an Illusion
405:
211:Harvard Health Publishing
56:
46:
36:
24:
993:Clement Freud (grandson)
765:Psychosexual development
635:Dostoevsky and Parricide
613:Mourning and Melancholia
289:10.1177/0959354316638181
252:Narcissistic Abuse Rehab
1169:Pathological narcissism
1003:Walter Freud (grandson)
998:Lucian Freud (grandson)
277:Theory & Psychology
186:Encyclopædia Britannica
161:Narcissistic withdrawal
1376:Works about narcissism
1371:Books by Sigmund Freud
1366:1914 non-fiction books
1315:-related article is a
1018:Edward Bernay (nephew)
894:Views on homosexuality
857:London home and museum
852:Vienna home and museum
316:Adler, Alfred (1912).
180:Rhodewalt, Frederick.
81:
1135:Collective narcissism
1114:Narcissus (mythology)
1008:Amalia Freud (mother)
983:Anna Freud (daughter)
978:Martha Bernays (wife)
156:History of narcissism
84:) is a 1914 essay by
1193:Malignant narcissism
1013:Jacob Freud (father)
988:Ernst L. Freud (son)
958:Freud's Last Session
728:Id, ego and superego
705:Daniel Paul Schreber
525:Moses and Monotheism
1119:Superiority complex
934:Mahler on the Couch
422:Studies on Hysteria
47:Original title
21:
1094:Healthy narcissism
942:A Dangerous Method
809:Deferred obedience
493:The Ego and the Id
31:The German edition
19:
1328:
1327:
1293:
1292:
1031:
1030:
814:Reality principle
697:Sergei Pankejeff
685:Bertha Pappenheim
88:, the founder of
64:
63:
1388:
1381:Psychology stubs
1349:
1342:
1335:
1307:
1300:
1285:
1284:
1145:In the workplace
1104:Machiavellianism
1058:
1051:
1044:
1035:
1034:
953:(2020 TV series)
819:Seduction theory
755:Free association
700:
688:
674:Irma's injection
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899:Religious views
889:Neo-Freudianism
823:
797:Oedipus complex
715:
709:
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682:
668:("Little Hans")
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461:Totem and Taboo
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840:complete works
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802:Father complex
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320:. Dodd, Mead.
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283:(3): 333–359.
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90:psychoanalysis
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780:Phallic stage
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628:Medusa's Head
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583:On Narcissism
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399:Sigmund Freud
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350:sas.upenn.edu
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68:On Narcissism
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41:Sigmund Freud
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1321:expanding it
1310:
1295:
1256:Compensation
956:
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916:
884:Inner circle
835:Bibliography
760:Transference
738:Preconscious
646:Case studies
633:
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354:. Retrieved
349:
341:Strachey J.
336:
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300:. Retrieved
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255:. Retrieved
251:
214:. Retrieved
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189:. Retrieved
185:
182:"Narcissism"
175:
139:
130:
126:
117:Alfred Adler
110:
94:
67:
66:
65:
50:
1271:Grandiosity
1266:Entitlement
1140:Don Juanism
1089:God complex
961:(2023 film)
945:(2011 film)
937:(2010 film)
929:(1993 play)
926:The Visitor
921:(1962 film)
862:1971 statue
699:("Wolfman")
655:(Ida Bauer)
433:(including
356:14 December
1360:Categories
1313:psychology
1233:withdrawal
1188:Dark triad
1150:Leadership
1128:In society
1065:Narcissism
1023:Jofi (dog)
910:depictions
775:Anal stage
770:Oral stage
748:censorship
414:On Aphasia
327:1177496593
302:2020-06-29
257:2020-06-29
216:2020-06-29
191:2020-06-29
167:References
869:Interment
743:Ego ideal
692:"Rat Man"
679:"Anna O."
472:(1916–17)
435:On Dreams
297:146980478
113:Carl Jung
102:ego ideal
74:‹See Tfd›
1287:Category
1213:neurosis
1079:Egomania
908:Cultural
847:Archives
716:concepts
714:Original
546:" (1896)
145:See also
106:superego
57:Language
1261:Empathy
1218:elation
1181:history
1160:Parents
1084:Egotism
828:Related
653:"Dora"
1228:supply
1208:injury
1099:Hubris
970:Family
733:Libido
681:
638:(1928)
630:(1922)
624:(1920)
616:(1918)
608:(1916)
600:(1915)
594:(1914)
586:(1914)
578:(1910)
570:(1908)
562:(1907)
554:(1905)
536:Essays
528:(1939)
520:(1930)
512:(1927)
504:(1926)
496:(1923)
488:(1921)
480:(1917)
464:(1913)
456:(1905)
448:(1901)
440:(1899)
425:(1895)
417:(1891)
324:
295:
98:libido
78:German
60:German
37:Author
1311:This
950:Freud
879:Humor
406:Books
346:(PDF)
293:S2CID
248:(PDF)
1317:stub
358:2021
322:ISBN
115:and
285:doi
1362::
348:.
291:.
281:26
279:.
275:.
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225:^
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71:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
