895:
money to cover his costs, and insisted that the health of his clients had never been in danger. A day later, Johannes Dürr backed up
Schmidt's claims. When testifying as a witness, Dürr claimed to have always "felt in safe, professional hands" with Schmidt. He furthermore refused to blame Schmidt for the doping, a decision he claimed to have taken with his coach. Three of the four co-defendants of Schmidt's also confessed, while another accused, a contractor, refused to testify. The contractor, Dirk Q., was sentenced to two years on probation in 2008 for bodily harm resulting in death, following an incident in January 2003, in which he allegedly assaulted two people, one of whom later died. Dirk Q. was—according to media reports—part of Erfurt's
769:. Both were handed four-year bans by the Austrian anti-doping organisation on 27 June 2019, and faced charges for commercial sports fraud in addition to their suspensions. On 22 July 2020, Preidler was found guilty of fraud by the Innsbruck Regional Court and handed a twelve-month suspended prison sentence as well as being fined €2,880. Denifl meanwhile was convicted of sports fraud by an Austrian court in January 2021, receiving a 24-month prison sentence, 16 of which were on probation. In November 2021, Denifl's sentence was overturned on appeal, even though he had partly confessed.
738:
602:
42:
47:
636:, who had been caught in a doping control while riding for Gerolsteiner in 2008, accused Schmidt of having overseen the doping practices. Schmidt denied the accusations and was cleared by an Austrian court in early 2010. A statement of the court read: "It could not be determined that the plaintiff knew of the defendant's doping practices or helped him by the process of doping or with covering it up." Schmidt at this time worked for
843:
due to blood doping violations in relation to
Operation Aderlass. She was subsequently banned from competition for four years and received an eight-month suspended jail sentence from an Austrian court in August 2019. On 27 November 2019, the UCI announced that they had requested anti-doping samples
828:
for the
Bahrain–Mérida team. Later the same day, Bahrain–Mérida and UAE Team Emirates confirmed that they had pulled their riders from the races. On 9 October, the UCI handed both Koren and Božič two-year bans from competition. On 13 November 2019, Đurasek was given a four-year ban from the UCI for
710:
court for doping violations reaching back to 2015. Dominik
Baldauf also received a suspended five-month sentence on 14 January 2020 from the same court. Both athletes had received four-year bans from competition from the Austrian Anti-Doping Agency on 23 July 2019. On 27 January 2020, Johannes Dürr
899:
scene. In this trial, Q. was accused of having worked together with
Schmidt, transporting blood as well as doing transfusions. In November, Hondo testified in court, claiming that he doped with blood transfusions under Schmidt's guidance together with Petacchi during 2012. He testified that he had
894:
On 29 September 2020, Schmidt took the stand and confessed to almost all of the 150 counts laid out against him. He admitted to having extracted blood from clients for the purposes of doping from as early as 2012. He did however deny to have acted for financial gain, claiming to have only received
876:
was suspended from competition for nine years and six months, after his involvement came to light due to chat messages he had exchanged with Lang. The German
National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA) chose a particularly hard sentence, the longest ever imposed on a German athlete, due to the fact that he
838:
reported links by
Slovenian Milan Eržen to Operation Aderlass, while Eržen was serving as managing director of the Bahrain–Mérida team. Three days later, it was announced that the UCI had been following the activities of Eržen and Slovenian cycling in general in several investigations. Also in May
728:
as well as two
Estonian coaches on 29 November 2019. All three athletes had earlier admitted their involvement in the doping practices. Alexey Poltoranin, who had earlier admitted to doping as well, retracted his confession on 8 March 2019. On 12 March, the Kazakh Ministry of Culture and Sports
920:
investigation. According to the
Austrian National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA Austria), 16 athletes were suspended by them following involvement in the practices. According to NADA Austria, the operation led to a change in control practices for doping, including testing closer to the beginning of
764:
at the time, also confessed to having had two blood extractions with
Schmidt in late 2018, but denied having actually doped. He nevertheless terminated his contract with the team. Both Denifl and Preidler were provisionally suspended by the sport's governing body, the
711:
was given a suspended 15-month jail sentence for his involvement in the affair, after pleading guilty. He did however deny having set up connections between Schmidt and fellow cross-country skiers Hauke and Baldauf, as they had claimed. A report by German newspaper
793:
had allegedly worked with Schmidt in 2012 and 2013. Petacchi denied the accusations, but was nevertheless provisionally suspended by the UCI one day later. On 24 August 2019, Petacchi was given a two-year period of ineligibility from the UCI. Alongside Petacchi,
1844:
1647:
1387:
2096:
900:
been contacted by Schmidt in late 2011 and then paid €25,000 for doping services over the course of the following year, at the end of which he ended the partnership. Hondo also described the usage of codenames, similar to
729:
cleared Poltoranin of any charges of having doped, claiming that he only intended to do so and "Fortunately did not use blood doping". He was nevertheless handed a four-year ban from competition by FIS on 6 January 2020.
2263:
2472:
1715:
445:
702:
was interviewed by the police in the preceding week, concerning possible involvement in the affair. Reichelt vehemently denied the accusations. The charges against Reichelt were dropped on 16 October 2019.
2227:
2003:
1355:
1226:
1259:
1832:
966:
1194:
2354:
1809:
1291:
1637:
2295:
925:
were also used when Austria updated their anti-doping laws in 2021. This included a provision for domestic Austrian sports organizations to work closely with NADA on doping prevention.
652:
confirmed that a total of 21 athletes were under suspicion of having been customers of Mark Schmidt. Not all names were initially reported, so as not to disturb investigative measures.
1679:
450:
1748:
1032:
2331:
877:
not only used, but also distributed performance-enhancing substances. Thurau never publicly acknowledged the accusations. He was stripped of all results from December 2010 onwards.
1419:
1377:
2428:
2088:
2025:
1611:
2249:
2128:
640:. Following Dürr's statements, the police raided Schmidt's Erfurt offices on 27 February 2019. The investigation was carried out by the doping task force of the Munich police.
2486:
1483:
1515:
891:
Munich. In its opening statement, the defense accused the prosecution of procedural errors, including illegal surveillance methods, incomplete paperwork, and undue custody.
593:
were charged with having used Schmidt's services for the purposes of doping. The investigations concluded with a prison sentence for main defendant Schmidt in January 2021.
1705:
1065:
1869:
2065:
921:
competitions in certain disciplines as well as an update in the rules for anti-doping work in order to be able to react quicker to signs of blood doping. Insights from
1579:
1088:
435:
2396:
2217:
2194:
1995:
997:
1345:
1770:
1216:
1911:
1973:
1249:
2161:
1131:
956:
928:
Mark Schmidt was released from prison early in June 2022, having served three quarters of his sentence, with the remaining time changed to probation.
538:
1184:
1323:
2364:
1799:
1281:
1451:
425:
2285:
2523:
340:
1669:
1738:
1022:
271:
2321:
1409:
2418:
2035:
562:-based German physician Mark Schmidt. Athletes from various disciplines were named as alleged customers of Schmidt's, receiving illegal
478:
1601:
2118:
1473:
1505:
276:
1547:
1055:
661:
582:
483:
2518:
440:
1879:
2057:
531:
152:
1162:
865:. He was subsequently dismissed by Swiss Racing Academy, a team he had co-founded and where he was employed as manager and
1941:
1569:
1098:
783:. He was subsequently fired from his job as coach for the Swiss cycling federation. The following day, French newspaper
1998:[Giro d'Italia: the mysterious Erzen, Roglic's talent scout and maneuverer for Nibali's Bahrain] (in Italian).
266:
62:
2386:
2184:
989:
410:
250:
246:
242:
2513:
524:
508:
1901:
2528:
937:
430:
415:
901:
352:
1638:"Riders pulled from Giro d'Italia and Tour of California as UCI publishes names linked to blood doping scandal"
281:
2543:
2533:
1963:
766:
405:
2151:
2061:
1510:
1446:
1414:
1123:
721:
614:
473:
238:
2450:
908:". At the end of the trial, Schmidt was sentenced to 4 years and 10 months in prison on 16 January 2021.
629:
493:
420:
364:
345:
301:
233:
1835:[Former Italian cyclist Alessandro Petacchi, Tour de France green jersey, suspected of doping].
1313:
1706:"UCI request anti-doping samples from 2016 and 2017 be re-tested in wake of Operation Aderlass scandal"
498:
1441:
488:
1833:"L'ancien cycliste italien Alessandro Petacchi, maillot vert du Tour de France, soupçonné de dopage"
2538:
1189:
581:
in early 2019, leading to arrests and raids in both Schmidt's Erfurt offices as well as during the
468:
374:
311:
142:
122:
1996:"Giro d'Italia: il misterioso Erzen, talent scout di Roglic e manovratore della Bahrain di Nibali"
2482:
2259:
819:
799:
25:
861:
814:
were also implicated and provisionally suspended. Koren and Đurasek were at the time riding the
291:
2156:
1127:
993:
815:
256:
737:
2326:
2290:
567:
162:
844:
from 2016 and 2017 to be retested, citing information gathered from Austrian authorities.
803:
8:
1999:
834:
790:
741:
586:
185:
566:, with several of them later confessing. The investigation centred around athletes from
2091:["Operation Aderlass": eight months on probation for mountain biker Kollmann].
840:
779:
on 13 May 2019 to having used blood doping under Schmidt during 2011, when riding with
384:
369:
1537:
756:
team, confessed to using blood doping under the assistance of Schmidt. One day later,
724:(FIS) handed four-year bans from competition to Andreas Veerpalu, Karel Tammjärv, and
620:
in late February 2019. He named Mark Schmidt, a physician based in the German city of
887:
824:
807:
780:
776:
685:
331:
87:
82:
957:"UCI hopes to secure information on cyclists involved in blood doping investigation"
681:
1542:
1382:
1350:
1158:
916:
In total, 50 people from nine countries were charged by the authorities during the
811:
761:
717:
claimed that Dürr had contemplated taking over the doping operations from Schmidt.
713:
677:
665:
554:(English: Operation Bloodletting) was an investigation in Austria and Germany into
296:
210:
147:
112:
77:
1934:"Operation Aderlass: Cyclists Kristijan Koren and Borut Bozic given two-year bans"
744:
pictured in 2012, when he allegedly worked with Schmidt for the purposes of doping
617:
606:
578:
2423:
2391:
2123:
2030:
1968:
1906:
1874:
1743:
1674:
1606:
1574:
1254:
1154:
1093:
1060:
1027:
961:
795:
753:
699:
673:
555:
379:
317:
286:
180:
33:
873:
1933:
1804:
1710:
1642:
1478:
1221:
757:
503:
306:
190:
137:
706:
Max Hauke received a suspended five-month sentence on 30 October 2019 from an
2507:
2453:["Operation Aderlass" and its consequences] (in German). NADA Austria
1410:"Estonian skiers, coaches hit with four-year bans after doping investigation"
749:
696:
692:
633:
601:
324:
261:
200:
1316:[Cross-country skiers Bauldauf und Hauke suspended for four years].
1023:"'More chapters to be written' in Operation Aderlass, says state prosecutor"
577:
The investigation was sparked following a confession by cross-country skier
2475:[Sports physician from Erfurt released from prison ahead of time].
772:
660:
Following Dürr's statements, Austrian police arrested five athletes at the
625:
590:
563:
67:
1670:"Denifl and Preidler handed four-year bans after blood doping confessions"
725:
2477:
2254:
2252:[Accused Doctor Gives Comprehensive Confession in Doping Trial].
2222:
1284:[Doping: sentence on probation for cross-country skier Baldauf].
852:
848:
637:
215:
127:
92:
72:
2355:"Mitangeklagter des Dopingarztes hatte einen Menschen zu Tode geprügelt"
2324:["Operation Aderlass": Bizarre Insights into a Doping Network].
2089:""Operation Aderlass": Acht Monate bedingt für Mountainbikerin Kollmann"
1800:"Danilo Hondo fired from coaching role after confessing to blood doping"
1739:"Georg Preidler found guilty of fraud in Operation Aderlass doping case"
1506:"Kazakh ministry clears skier involved with Veerpalus, Alaver of doping"
695:
was also involved with Schmidt. On 27 May 2019, the media reported that
2359:
2189:
2026:"Bahrain-Merida's Milan Erzen under UCI investigation for doping links"
1318:
1286:
905:
157:
1773:[Trial over sports fraud: Stefan Denifl acquitted on appeal].
41:
2419:"Operation Aderlass doctor Mark Schmidt jailed for almost five years"
1775:
1771:"Prozess wegen Sportbetrug: Stefan Denifl in Berufung freigesprochen"
707:
669:
205:
195:
132:
117:
102:
1602:"Preidler admits to blood extraction as doping investigation widens"
46:
2357:[Co-Defendant of Doping Doctor Had Beaten a Man to Death].
1840:
896:
785:
107:
97:
2308:
Ich habe mich bei Mark in sicheren, professionellen Händen gefühlt
2250:"Angeklagter Arzt legt in Dopingprozess umfassendes Geständnis ab"
2119:"Ex-pro Pirmin Lang confesses involvement in Aderlass doping ring"
885:
The court trial against Schmidt began on 16 September 2020 at the
859:
on 22 February 2020, following investigations by Swiss newspaper
649:
585:. Over the following months, prominent athletes such as cyclists
571:
2322:""Operation Aderlass": Bizarre Einblicke in ein Doping-Netzwerk"
2286:"Dopingprozess: Langläufer Dürr verteidigt den Hauptangeklagten"
1870:"Petacchi, Koren, Durasek, Bozic named in Austrian doping ring"
1056:"Kohl accuses former Gerolsteiner doctor of doping involvement"
621:
559:
1348:[Johannes Dürr sentenced to 15 months on probation].
1378:"Diesem "Whistleblower" sollte man keinen Glauben schenken"
624:, as the head of an operation which carried out systematic
564:
blood transfusion for the purpose of enhancing performances
2288:[Doping Trial: Skier Dürr Defends the Defendant].
1937:
1380:[You should not listen to this "whistleblower"].
1187:[Doping investigation reaches alpine ski sport].
2216:
Fiedler, Matthias; Neumann, Thilo (17 September 2020).
2473:"Erfurter Sportmediziner vorzeitig aus Haft entlassen"
1570:"Denifl confesses to blood doping in police interview"
1346:"Johannes Dürr zu 15 Monaten auf Bewährung verurteilt"
1314:"Langläufer Baldauf und Hauke für vier Jahre gesperrt"
1089:"Court stops Kohl's claims against former team doctor"
1538:"International ski federation bans 4 in doping case"
1282:"Doping – Bewährungsstrafe gegen Langläufer Baldauf"
2387:"Hondo tells Aderlass trial he doped with Petacchi"
1219:[Lawsuit against Hannes Reichelt dropped].
613:The case first came to light through admissions by
1157:[With the needle in the arm] (in German).
1126:[German customers in Erfurt] (in German).
775:confessed in an interview with German broadcaster
1631:
1629:
2505:
1902:"Alessandro Petacchi handed two-year doping ban"
2215:
2058:"UCI statement on Christina Kollmann-Forstner"
1864:
1862:
1626:
1476:[Arrested doper retracts confession].
628:. Schmidt had earlier been team doctor at the
426:Doping at the World Championships in Athletics
1217:"Verfahren gegen Hannes Reichelt eingestellt"
1185:"Doping-Ermittlung erreicht alpinen Skisport"
532:
1252:[Max Hauke sentenced on probation].
691:Initial revelations suggested that a German
1859:
1594:
1474:"Verhafteter Doper zieht Geständnis zurück"
648:On 20 March 2019, the state prosecutors in
2187:[Operation Aderlass and Cycling].
2154:[Suspended for Almost Ten Years].
1964:"Durasek banned for four years for doping"
1250:"Max Hauke zu Bewährungsstrafe verurteilt"
1152:
1118:
1116:
1086:
539:
525:
479:List of national anti-doping organizations
436:Stripped European Athletics C'ships medals
2185:"Die Operation Aderlass und der Radsport"
2182:
1703:
1699:
1697:
1635:
1562:
1442:"Skier Algo Kärp next to admit to doping"
1017:
1015:
2183:Ostermann, Michael (15 September 2020).
2150:Aumüller, Johannes (23 September 2021).
2149:
1153:Rüttenauer, Andreas (27 February 2019).
987:
789:announced that retired Italian sprinter
736:
600:
2220:[Accusation after the Charge].
1830:
1113:
992:[The key witness] (in German).
839:2019, the UCI suspended mountain biker
662:FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2019
583:FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2019
484:Australian Sports Anti-Doping Authority
2506:
2451:""Operation Aderlass" und ihre Folgen"
2319:
2230:from the original on 24 September 2020
2197:from the original on 23 September 2020
2086:
1736:
1694:
1518:from the original on 28 September 2020
1012:
822:respectively, while Božič worked as a
668:. These were the cross-country skiers
2399:from the original on 17 November 2020
2352:
2320:Krause, Sebastian (10 October 2020).
2298:from the original on 18 December 2020
2131:from the original on 24 February 2020
2099:from the original on 24 February 2020
1976:from the original on 13 November 2019
1718:from the original on 28 November 2019
1422:from the original on 30 November 2019
1053:
2524:Doping cases in cross-country skiing
2431:from the original on 15 January 2021
2164:from the original on 18 October 2021
1944:from the original on 10 October 2019
1797:
1704:Ballinger, Alex (28 November 2019).
1550:from the original on 29 January 2020
1486:from the original on 29 January 2020
1454:from the original on 29 January 2020
1390:from the original on 29 January 2020
1358:from the original on 28 January 2020
1326:from the original on 15 January 2020
1294:from the original on 2 February 2020
1262:from the original on 29 January 2020
1247:
1229:from the original on 29 January 2020
1087:Westemeyer, Susan (9 January 2010).
643:
2334:from the original on 8 January 2021
2266:from the original on 1 October 2020
1914:from the original on 26 August 2019
1682:from the original on 26 August 2019
855:, admitted to his involvement with
272:U of South Carolina steroid scandal
13:
1134:from the original on 30 March 2019
988:Catuogno, Claudio (1 March 2019).
832:On 19 May 2019, Italian newspaper
829:his part in the doping practices.
605:Admissions by cross-country skier
451:MLB players in the Mitchell Report
267:Clemson University steroid scandal
14:
2555:
1751:from the original on 24 July 2020
1054:Brown, Gregor (12 October 2009).
2353:Wozny, Peter (29 October 2020).
2294:(in German). 30 September 2020.
2087:Streif, Thomas (2 August 2019).
2068:from the original on 24 May 2021
2006:from the original on 2 July 2019
1847:from the original on 15 May 2019
1831:Guillou, Clément (14 May 2019).
1812:from the original on 13 May 2019
1650:from the original on 15 May 2019
1248:Beer, Andrea (30 October 2019).
1197:from the original on 27 May 2019
1165:from the original on 15 May 2019
1068:from the original on 15 May 2019
1035:from the original on 15 May 2019
1000:from the original on 15 May 2019
969:from the original on 11 May 2019
655:
509:United States Anti-Doping Agency
446:MLB players suspended for doping
45:
40:
2465:
2443:
2411:
2379:
2346:
2313:
2278:
2242:
2209:
2176:
2143:
2111:
2080:
2050:
2018:
1988:
1956:
1926:
1894:
1824:
1791:
1763:
1730:
1662:
1636:Ballinger, Alex (15 May 2019).
1614:from the original on 9 May 2019
1582:from the original on 8 May 2019
1530:
1498:
1466:
1434:
1402:
1370:
1338:
1306:
1274:
1241:
938:List of doping cases in cycling
2485:. 25 June 2022. Archived from
2193:(in German). Villard-de-Lans.
1737:Weislo, Laura (22 July 2020).
1386:(in German). 28 January 2020.
1354:(in German). 27 January 2020.
1290:(in German). 14 January 2020.
1225:(in German). 16 October 2019.
1209:
1177:
1146:
1080:
1047:
981:
949:
441:Drugs banned from the Olympics
1:
2519:Doping cases in speed skating
2034:. 22 May 2019. Archived from
1878:. 15 May 2019. Archived from
1779:(in German). 20 November 2021
943:
904:, with Hondo being known as "
2062:Union Cycliste International
911:
722:International Ski Federation
474:International Testing Agency
7:
2363:(in German). Archived from
1798:Long, Jonny (13 May 2019).
1482:(in German). 8 March 2019.
1322:(in German). 23 July 2019.
1124:"Deutsche Kunden in Erfurt"
931:
494:National Anti-Doping Agency
421:Doping at the Olympic Games
365:Doping in American football
201:Performance-enhancing drugs
10:
2560:
2218:"Anklage nach der Anklage"
2152:"Fast zehn Jahre gesperrt"
1193:(in German). 27 May 2019.
732:
596:
499:Russian Anti-Doping Agency
684:from Estonia, as well as
630:Gerolsteiner cycling team
609:led to the investigations
558:practices carried out by
489:French Anti-Doping Agency
880:
752:, who last rode for the
469:World Anti-Doping Agency
375:Barry Bonds perjury case
123:Beta2-adrenergic agonist
2514:Doping cases in cycling
2483:Deutsche Presse-Agentur
2260:Deutsche Presse-Agentur
1511:Eesti Rahvusringhääling
1447:Eesti Rahvusringhääling
1415:Eesti Rahvusringhääling
820:2019 Tour of California
431:Stripped Olympic medals
370:Steroid use in baseball
2529:2019 in Austrian sport
1155:"Mit der Nadel im Arm"
745:
610:
341:History of allegations
2262:. 29 September 2020.
740:
604:
2544:2019 in cycle racing
2534:2019 in German sport
2395:. 11 November 2020.
2327:Bayerischer Rundfunk
2291:Bayerischer Rundfunk
2127:. 22 February 2020.
1972:. 13 November 2019.
1418:. 29 November 2019.
862:Neue Zürcher Zeitung
851:, who last rode for
568:cross-country skiing
399:Doping-related lists
282:Association Football
163:Tetrahydrogestrinone
143:Human growth hormone
57:Substances and types
18:Doping investigation
2427:. 16 January 2021.
2367:on 16 November 2020
2157:Süddeutsche Zeitung
2000:Corriere della Sera
1128:Süddeutsche Zeitung
994:Süddeutsche Zeitung
872:In September 2021,
835:Corriere della Sera
791:Alessandro Petacchi
742:Alessandro Petacchi
632:. In October 2009,
615:cross-country skier
587:Alessandro Petacchi
186:Biological passport
1940:. 9 October 2019.
1910:. 24 August 2019.
1546:. 6 January 2020.
923:Operation Aderlass
918:Operation Aderlass
841:Christina Kollmann
816:2019 Giro d'Italia
746:
611:
552:Operation Aderlass
463:Anti-doping bodies
385:Biogenesis scandal
359:Operation Aderlass
2489:on 10 August 2023
1514:. 12 March 2019.
1130:. 24 March 2019.
1031:. 20 March 2019.
888:Oberlandesgericht
867:directeur sportif
825:directeur sportif
808:UAE Team Emirates
804:Kristijan Đurasek
748:On 3 March 2019,
688:from Kazakhstan.
686:Alexey Poltoranin
644:Involved athletes
549:
548:
332:L.A. Confidentiel
312:Floyd Landis case
88:Technology doping
83:Mechanical doping
63:Anabolic steroids
2551:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2415:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2372:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2305:
2303:
2282:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2213:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2084:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2022:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2011:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1898:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1866:
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1678:. 27 June 2019.
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1610:. 4 March 2019.
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1578:. 3 March 2019.
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1543:Associated Press
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1450:. 5 March 2019.
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1097:. Archived from
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965:. 4 March 2019.
953:
902:Operación Puerto
847:Retired cyclist
714:Der Tagesspiegel
697:alpine ski racer
678:Andreas Veerpalu
666:Seefeld in Tirol
541:
534:
527:
404:Doping cases in
353:Operación Puerto
337:Lance Armstrong
211:Stem cell doping
148:Methylhexanamine
113:Stem cell doping
78:Stem cell doping
49:
44:
21:
20:
2559:
2558:
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2539:Doping in sport
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2124:cyclingnews.com
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2064:. 29 May 2019.
2056:
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2031:cyclingnews.com
2024:
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2019:
2009:
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2002:. 19 May 2019.
1994:
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1969:cyclingnews.com
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1101:on 26 June 2022
1094:cyclingnews.com
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1021:
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990:"Der Kronzeuge"
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962:cyclingnews.com
955:
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883:
796:Kristijan Koren
754:Aqua Blue Sport
735:
700:Hannes Reichelt
674:Dominik Baldauf
658:
646:
599:
545:
516:
515:
464:
456:
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400:
392:
391:
380:Mitchell Report
318:Game of Shadows
229:
221:
220:
181:Abortion doping
176:
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58:
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34:Doping in sport
19:
12:
11:
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2049:
2038:on 28 May 2019
2017:
1987:
1955:
1925:
1893:
1882:on 15 May 2019
1858:
1823:
1805:Cycling Weekly
1790:
1762:
1729:
1711:Cycling Weekly
1693:
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1643:Cycling Weekly
1625:
1593:
1561:
1529:
1497:
1479:Basler Zeitung
1465:
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1369:
1337:
1305:
1273:
1240:
1222:Kleine Zeitung
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1176:
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980:
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945:
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882:
879:
800:Bahrain–Merida
758:Georg Preidler
734:
731:
682:Karel Tammjärv
676:from Austria,
657:
654:
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595:
547:
546:
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504:UK Anti-Doping
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307:Festina affair
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239:Tour de France
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191:Blood-spinning
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2093:OÖNachrichten
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760:, riding for
759:
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750:Stefan Denifl
743:
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656:Winter sports
653:
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634:Bernhard Kohl
631:
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618:Johannes Dürr
616:
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579:Johannes Dürr
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262:BALCO scandal
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16:
2491:. Retrieved
2487:the original
2476:
2467:
2455:. Retrieved
2445:
2433:. Retrieved
2422:
2413:
2401:. Retrieved
2390:
2381:
2369:. Retrieved
2365:the original
2358:
2348:
2336:. Retrieved
2325:
2315:
2307:
2300:. Retrieved
2289:
2280:
2268:. Retrieved
2253:
2244:
2234:21 September
2232:. Retrieved
2221:
2211:
2201:21 September
2199:. Retrieved
2188:
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2166:. Retrieved
2155:
2145:
2133:. Retrieved
2122:
2113:
2101:. Retrieved
2092:
2082:
2070:. Retrieved
2052:
2040:. Retrieved
2036:the original
2029:
2020:
2008:. Retrieved
1990:
1978:. Retrieved
1967:
1958:
1946:. Retrieved
1928:
1916:. Retrieved
1905:
1896:
1884:. Retrieved
1880:the original
1873:
1849:. Retrieved
1836:
1826:
1814:. Retrieved
1803:
1793:
1781:. Retrieved
1774:
1765:
1753:. Retrieved
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1684:. Retrieved
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1641:
1616:. Retrieved
1605:
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1584:. Retrieved
1573:
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1552:. Retrieved
1541:
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1520:. Retrieved
1509:
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1445:
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1424:. Retrieved
1413:
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1392:. Retrieved
1381:
1372:
1360:. Retrieved
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1328:. Retrieved
1317:
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1296:. Retrieved
1285:
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1264:. Retrieved
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1231:. Retrieved
1220:
1211:
1199:. Retrieved
1188:
1179:
1167:. Retrieved
1148:
1136:. Retrieved
1103:. Retrieved
1099:the original
1092:
1082:
1070:. Retrieved
1059:
1049:
1037:. Retrieved
1026:
1002:. Retrieved
983:
971:. Retrieved
960:
951:
927:
922:
917:
915:
893:
886:
884:
874:Björn Thurau
871:
866:
860:
856:
846:
833:
831:
823:
784:
773:Danilo Hondo
771:
762:Groupama–FDJ
747:
719:
712:
705:
693:speed skater
690:
659:
647:
626:blood doping
612:
591:Danilo Hondo
576:
551:
550:
358:
357:
330:
323:
316:
292:East Germany
93:Cannabinoids
68:Blood doping
15:
2478:Der Spiegel
2403:16 November
2371:16 November
2255:Der Spiegel
2223:Der Spiegel
2135:24 February
2103:24 February
2072:24 February
1980:15 November
1837:Le Monde.fr
1722:28 November
853:IAM Cycling
849:Pirmin Lang
812:Borut Božič
638:Team Milram
346:Doping case
257:Auto racing
216:Whizzinator
196:Doping test
175:Terminology
128:Clenbuterol
103:Painkillers
73:Gene doping
2508:Categories
2435:16 January
2360:Sportschau
2338:28 October
2302:28 October
2190:Sportschau
2168:18 October
1948:16 October
1554:29 January
1522:29 January
1490:29 January
1458:29 January
1426:29 January
1394:29 January
1362:29 January
1330:29 January
1319:Sportschau
1298:29 January
1287:Sportschau
1266:29 January
1233:29 January
944:References
906:James Bond
781:Lampre–ISD
158:Stanozolol
118:Stimulants
2493:10 August
2457:10 August
2270:1 October
1918:26 August
1783:10 August
1776:Eurosport
1686:26 August
1105:10 August
912:Aftermath
726:Algo Kärp
708:Innsbruck
670:Max Hauke
411:Athletics
206:Repoxygen
133:Ephedrine
108:Sedatives
98:Diuretics
2429:Archived
2397:Archived
2332:Archived
2296:Archived
2264:Archived
2228:Archived
2195:Archived
2162:Archived
2129:Archived
2097:Archived
2066:Archived
2004:Archived
1974:Archived
1942:Archived
1912:Archived
1845:Archived
1841:Le Monde
1810:Archived
1749:Archived
1716:Archived
1680:Archived
1648:Archived
1612:Archived
1580:Archived
1548:Archived
1516:Archived
1484:Archived
1452:Archived
1420:Archived
1388:Archived
1356:Archived
1324:Archived
1292:Archived
1260:Archived
1227:Archived
1195:Archived
1163:Archived
1132:Archived
1066:Archived
1033:Archived
998:Archived
967:Archived
932:See also
897:neo-Nazi
857:Aderlass
818:and the
786:Le Monde
234:Olympics
26:a series
24:Part of
1755:24 July
810:), and
733:Cycling
650:Bavaria
597:History
572:cycling
416:Cycling
228:History
2042:23 May
2010:23 May
1886:15 May
1851:15 May
1816:15 May
1654:15 May
1618:15 May
1586:15 May
1201:27 May
1190:Kicker
1169:15 May
1138:15 May
1072:15 May
1039:15 May
1004:15 May
973:15 May
622:Erfurt
560:Erfurt
556:doping
325:Juiced
297:Russia
881:Trial
406:Sport
287:China
153:SARMs
2495:2023
2459:2023
2437:2021
2405:2020
2373:2020
2340:2020
2304:2020
2272:2020
2236:2020
2203:2020
2170:2021
2137:2020
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