838:
966:
252:
981:
911:
896:
931:
947:
861:
877:
49:
91:
433:
1878:
837:
440:
NATO member states that contributed forces included
Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Non-NATO nations that contributed forces included; Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, the Czech
299:
on 14 December 1995. The peace accords contained a
General Framework Agreement and eleven supporting annexes with maps. The accords had three major goals: ending of hostilities, authorization of military and civilian program going into effect, and the establishment of a central Bosnian government
357:
agreed on
October 8 that the peacekeeping operation name will be Implementation Force of the Peace Agreement on Bosnia-Herzegovina, that is without reference to NATO; other differences were unresolved at that time (chain of command, area of command and control). On October 27 they agreed that "the
319:. Almost 60,000 NATO soldiers in addition to forces from non-NATO nations were deployed to Bosnia. Operation Decisive Endeavor (SACEUR OPLAN 40105), beginning 6 December 1995, was a subcomponent of Joint Endeavor. IFOR began operations on 20 December 1995.
1319:
424:). In the initial phases of the operation, much of the initial composition of IFOR consisted of units which had been part of UNPROFOR but remained in place and simply replaced their United Nations insignia with IFOR insignia.
980:
448:
895:
1856:
Measuring the
Success of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) Operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1995 – 2000. Issue 140/2, pp. 459–481. European Journal of Operations Research, Special 2000 Edition
1532:
369:(CINCSOUTH), served as the first Joint Force Commander for the operation, also known as Commander IFOR (COMIFOR). He commanded the operation from IFOR's deployment on 20 December 1995 from headquarters in
965:
910:
404:
At its height, IFOR involved troops from 32 countries and numbered some 54,000 soldiers in-country (BiH) and around 80,000 involved soldiers in total (with support and reserve troops stationed in
136:
1192:
539:
1945:
701:
669:
1940:
876:
1935:
1920:
441:
Republic, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malaysia, Morocco, New
Zealand, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Sweden, Russia, and Ukraine.
772:
930:
1793:
323:
129:
1930:
529:
1254:
860:
666:, constituted the bulk of the ground forces for Task Force Eagle. They began to deploy on 18 December 1995 and would return to Germany in late 1996.
1447:
1557:
122:
1533:"The Dutch contribution to Implementation Force (IFOR), Stabilization Force (SFOR) and European Force (EUFOR) - Historical missions - Defensie.nl"
1950:
822:
NATO began to create service medals once it began to support peacekeeping in the former
Yugoslavia, which led to the award to IFOR troops of the
763:
Danish
Battalion (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania each provided a platoon size element to reinforce the battalion) - Camp Dannevirke, Camp Valhalla
316:
1579:
1925:
1109:
545:
1772:
946:
565:– British led. The British codename for their armed forces' involvement in IFOR was Operation Resolute. Division headquarters was provided by
1799:
812:
558:
401:. This was NATO's first ever out-of-area land deployment. The Land Component's part of the operation was known as Operation Firm Endeavour.
358:
Russian unit will not be part of the NATO peacekeeping force, but will perform special engineering, transport and construction activites".
1910:
1189:
343:
146:
1765:
386:
1307:
1207:
1028:
647:
566:
17:
1046:
1650:
1178:
1121:
718:
507:
491:
1672:
1782:
1624:
268:
1812:
1915:
1568:
711:
686:
679:
659:
251:
725:
693:
615:
456:
1419:
675:
1369:
1043:
467:
301:
1803:
393:(ARRC), acted as Land Component Commander for the operation, commanding from HQ ARRC (Forward) based initially in
1558:
https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/themes/defence/caf/militaryhistory/dhh/honours/commonwealth-foreign-honours.pdf
304:
from taking part in the running of the government. IFOR's specific role was to implement the military
Annexes of
1394:
472:
460:
1580:
https://www.armyupress.army.mil/Portals/7/military-review/Archives/English/MilitaryReview_20070831_art007.pdf
1344:
987:
576:
570:
496:
366:
1735:
1455:
1009:
596:
390:
1661:
1590:
753:
195:
160:
1294:
1280:
1219:
901:
A Swedish soldier manning a civilian checkpoint leading to the Joint
Civilian Commission meeting in
628:
516:
455:– French led. Also known as the 'Division Salamandre.' The divisional headquarters was provided by
174:
1601:
264:
1308:
https://publicaciones.defensa.gob.es/media/downloadable/files/links/r/e/revista_ejercito_675.pdf
1208:
https://publicaciones.defensa.gob.es/media/downloadable/files/links/r/e/revista_ejercito_672.pdf
1004:
236:
1651:
https://icds.ee/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/RKK_Apprenticeship__Partnership__Membership_WWW.pdf
1179:
https://www.armyupress.army.mil/portals/7/combat-studies-institute/csi-books/mcgrath_boots.pdf
362:
188:
181:
167:
114:
31:
1673:
https://ispaim.mapn.ro/webroot/fileslib/upload/files/Occasional%20Papers/OP%2016%202011.pdf
78:
283:. The Dayton Peace Accords were started on 22 November 1995 by the presidents of Bosnia,
8:
331:
1569:
https://www.army.cz/assets/en/ministry-of-defence/newsroom/publication/20-let-acr_en.pdf
1133:
1039:
590:
315:, which had originally arrived in 1992, and the transfer of authority was discussed in
1863:
1144:
1065:
239:
under a one-year mandate from 20 December 1995 to 20 December 1996 under the codename
1778:
1620:
1158:
734:
382:
330:
and expelling 200,000 Serb civilians, the
Bosnian Serb war crimes, in particular the
322:
The Dayton Agreement resulted from a long series of events, notably, the failures of
232:
1889:
444:
The tasks of the Land Component were carried out by three Multi National Divisions:
1859:
1774:
Royal Corps of Signals: Unit Histories of the Corps (1920–2001) and its Antecedents
350:
292:
280:
1795:
Bosnia-Herzegovina: The U.S. Army's Role in Peace Enforcement Operations 1995–2004
632:
1821:
1614:
1196:
1050:
766:
663:
584:
378:
327:
300:
while excluding individuals who are serving sentences or under indictment by the
1841:
1710:
1639:
1092:
638:
276:
260:
1685:"History of the NATO-led Stabilisation Force (SFOR) in Bosnia and Herzegovina"
1684:
1509:
1486:
1904:
1766:
A Summer in Mostar: 50 days with the Salamander Division, January – June 1996
1234:"History: 2nd Foreign Parachute Regiment | French Foreign Legion Information"
1165:
619:
381:
commanded the operation from 31 July to 7 November 1996, followed by General
354:
1882:
1233:
883:
816:
705:
421:
339:
1029:
The General Framework Agreement for Peace (GFAP) in Bosnia and Herzegovina
306:
The General Framework Agreement for Peace (GFAP) in Bosnia and Herzegovina
48:
937:
921:
886:
602:
867:
823:
780:
651:
562:
533:
917:
746:
1662:
https://ufdcimages.uflib.ufl.edu/AA/00/06/21/90/00016/04-19-1996.pdf
1591:
https://ufdcimages.uflib.ufl.edu/AA/00/06/21/90/00011/03-15-1996.pdf
776:
580:
398:
986:
Greek soldiers guarding a truck carrying polling equipment for the
549:
511:
486:
394:
374:
335:
312:
1424:
889:
during a patrol in Bosnia-Herzegovina as part of IFOR during 1996
852:
432:
413:
409:
405:
284:
1877:
1602:
https://collections.unu.edu/eserv/UNU:2429/ebrary9280810790.pdf
991:
972:
957:
953:
848:
844:
794:
740:
733:
1st Russian Independent Airborne Brigade, Camp Ugljevik - Col
452:
370:
288:
1488:
2nd Battalion The Light Infantry Bosnia 1995 - 96 Op Grapple 7
144:
902:
757:
655:
608:
478:
417:
296:
1894:
1616:
Bosnia Journal: An American Civilian's Accountof His Service
1096:
1070:
436:
Map of the International Sectors under the Peace Agreement.
256:
228:
207:
96:
1145:
Operational Analysis Support to NATO IFOR/SFOR Operations
1110:
The United States and Russia failed Sunday to resolve...
811:
On 20 December 1996, the task of IFOR was taken over by
1946:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1996
1066:"Peace support operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina"
397:, and from late January 1996 from HQ ARRC (Main) in
1157:
373:, and later from March 1996 from the Residency in
27:NATO-led force in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1995–96)
1941:Military units and formations established in 1995
870:and a Russian BTR-80 during a patrol near Zvornik
1902:
1190:The Multinational Division South-East in Bosnia
1936:United States Marine Corps in the 20th century
1921:NATO-led peacekeeping in the former Yugoslavia
1740:National Defence and the Canadian Armed Forces
1800:United States Army Center of Military History
1060:
1058:
815:. In turn, SFOR was replaced by the European
760:- Danish Brigadegeneral Finn Særmark-Thomsen
130:
1736:"NATO Medal for Former Yugoslavia (NATO-FY)"
1640:https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA389550.pdf
920:preparing to drive over and crush a Serbian
546:11th "España" Light Armored Cavalry Regiment
263:. The BrÄŤko Bridge, seen at the right, was
30:"IFOR" redirects here. For other uses, see
1931:Military history of Bosnia and Herzegovina
1320:"The medal collection - Esercito Italiano"
1055:
540:64th “Galicia” Mountain Cazadores Regiment
255:U.S. Army vehicles with IFOR crossing the
137:
123:
47:
1895:Information on Operation Joint Endeavour
1843:Lessons from Bosnia: The IFOR Experience
1122:Russia-U.S. agreement on Balkans reached
1093:"NATO AIRCRAFT ATTACK BOSNIAN-SERB TANK"
658:– US led. Task Force Eagle. The US Army
431:
311:IFOR relieved the UN peacekeeping force
250:
1853:
1470:
1440:
1160:Bosnia: What Every American Should Know
788:Norwegian Logistics Battalion - Modrica
785:Finnish Engineer Battalion - Camp Jussi
14:
1951:Military operations involving Portugal
1903:
1810:
1708:
1612:
492:6th Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment
1926:Military units and formations of NATO
1890:CCRP Bosnia Research and Publications
1839:
1155:
267:and was still being reconstructed by
118:
1791:
1770:
672:, Camp Kime - Col Gregory Fontenot.
559:Multi-National Division (South-West)
449:Multi-National Division (South-East)
1711:"EU troops prepare for Bosnia swap"
662:under the command of Major General
24:
1911:Military operations involving NATO
1758:
302:International War Crimes Tribunals
295:. The actual signing happened in
271:when this photo was taken in 1996.
25:
1962:
1871:
1802:. CMH Pub 70-97-1. Archived from
1709:Hawton, Nick (October 23, 2004).
1044:Federation of American Scientists
971:A British convoy passing through
702:2nd Brigade, 1st Armored Division
670:1st Brigade, 1st Armored Division
1876:
1395:"Contenido - Ejército de tierra"
1370:"Contenido - Ejército de tierra"
979:
964:
945:
929:
909:
894:
875:
859:
836:
317:Security Council Resolution 1031
89:
1728:
1702:
1677:
1666:
1655:
1644:
1633:
1606:
1595:
1584:
1573:
1562:
1551:
1525:
1502:
1479:
1425:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
1412:
1387:
1362:
1337:
1312:
1301:
1287:
1273:
1247:
1226:
1212:
1201:
1183:
1172:
648:Multi-National Division (North)
616:2nd Canadian Mechanized Brigade
508:Bersaglieri Brigade "Garibaldi"
385:until 20 December 1996. Lt Gen
1454:. 23 July 2002. Archived from
1452:United Kingdom Government News
1255:"Independence and restoration"
1149:
1138:
1134:SFOR leaves Residency Compound
1127:
1115:
1103:
1085:
1033:
1022:
536:- Col Julio LĂłpez-Guarch Muro
473:2nd Foreign Parachute Regiment
291:, on behalf of Serbia and the
13:
1:
1864:10.1016/S0377-2217(02)00083-8
988:1996 Bosnian general election
530:42nd Spanish Mountain Brigade
497:21st Marine Infantry Regiment
427:
367:Allied Forces Southern Europe
353:and his Russian counterpart,
246:
275:NATO was responsible to the
7:
1916:History of Republika Srpska
1259:Royal Moroccan Armed Forces
1010:Operation Determined Effort
998:
847:APCs following an American
803:Romanian Engineer Battalion
735:Alexander Ivanovich Lentsov
597:Royal Regiment of Fusiliers
391:Allied Rapid Reaction Corps
10:
1967:
1854:Lambert, Nicholas (2002).
1448:"Army senior appointments"
829:
622:- Brig Gen Bruce Jeffries
571:1st (UK) Armoured Division
457:6th Light Armored Division
349:U.S. Secretary of Defense
344:Operation Deliberate Force
279:(UN) for carrying out the
29:
1345:"SPABRI I - Spanish army"
1049:26 September 2008 at the
714:- Camp Molly, Camp Alicia
420:and also on ships in the
241:Operation Joint Endeavour
156:
102:
84:
74:
66:
58:
46:
41:
1811:Siegel, Pascale (1998).
1777:. Helion & Company.
1040:"Appendix C: References"
1015:
940:deployed as part of IFOR
517:8th Bersaglieri Regiment
326:, the August 1995 Croat
53:Pocket badge of the IFOR
18:Operation Joint Endeavor
1619:. Infinity Publishing.
1420:"British Forces Bosnia"
1399:ejercito.defensa.gob.es
1374:ejercito.defensa.gob.es
1349:ejercito.defensa.gob.es
1124:. upi.com Oct. 27, 1995
936:The crew of an Italian
797:- Col Ahmet Berberoglu
577:4th UK Armoured Brigade
1613:Nelson, James (2005).
1324:www.esercito.difesa.it
1112:. upi.com Oct. 8, 1995
1005:National Support Group
607:Malaysian Battalion -
485:French Brigade Bravo,
466:French Brigade Alpha,
437:
272:
237:Bosnia and Herzegovina
149:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1885:at Wikimedia Commons
1840:Wentz, Larry (1998).
754:Nordic-Polish Brigade
721:- Camp Demi, Camp Pat
629:Queen's Royal Hussars
477:Moroccan Battalion -
461:7th Armoured Division
435:
365:, Commander in Chief
363:Leighton W. Smith Jr.
334:, and the seizure of
293:Bosnian Serb Republic
254:
32:IFOR (disambiguation)
1798:. Washington, D.C.:
1771:Lord, Cliff (2004).
1195:28 June 2013 at the
1156:Clark, A.L. (1996).
1099:. 22 September 1994.
956:medical vehicles in
660:1st Armored Division
521:Portuguese Battalion
281:Dayton Peace Accords
221:Implementation Force
147:NATO intervention in
42:Implementation Force
1897:on the NATO Website
1806:on 9 December 2013.
1792:Phillips, R. Cody.
1537:english.defensie.nl
1261:. 18 September 2013
501:Ukrainian Battalion
332:Srebrenica massacre
269:U.S. Army engineers
231:-led multinational
1539:. 8 September 2017
704:, Camp Lisa - Col
637:Czech Battalion -
625:Canadian Battalion
601:Dutch Battalion -
591:The Light Infantry
524:Egyptian Battalion
438:
324:EU-led peace plans
273:
1881:Media related to
1784:978-1-874622-92-5
1626:978-0-7414-2321-4
1491:, 28 October 2018
1095:(Press release).
800:Turkish Battalion
793:Turkish Brigade,
767:Swedish Battalion
383:William W. Crouch
338:peace-keepers as
265:destroyed in 1992
233:peace enforcement
216:
215:
110:
109:
16:(Redirected from
1958:
1880:
1867:
1850:
1848:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1826:
1820:. Archived from
1819:
1807:
1788:
1764:Charles Bertin,
1752:
1751:
1749:
1747:
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1726:
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1089:
1083:
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1078:
1062:
1053:
1037:
1031:
1026:
983:
968:
949:
933:
913:
898:
879:
863:
840:
773:Polish Battalion
745:2nd Battalion -
739:1st Battalion -
197:Deliberate Force
162:Maritime Monitor
151:
139:
132:
125:
116:
115:
95:
93:
92:
51:
39:
38:
21:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1960:
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1957:
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1901:
1900:
1874:
1846:
1830:
1828:
1827:on 28 June 2015
1824:
1817:
1785:
1761:
1759:Further reading
1756:
1755:
1745:
1743:
1742:. July 22, 2015
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1459:
1458:on 26 July 2011
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1197:Wayback Machine
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832:
819:force in 2004.
696:- Camp Stephens
689:- Camp McGovern
664:William L. Nash
585:Richard Dannatt
567:3 (UK) Division
430:
379:Thomas J. Lopez
342:against NATO's
328:Operation Storm
249:
217:
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152:
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90:
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1872:External links
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1428:. 18 July 1996
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387:Michael Walker
277:United Nations
261:pontoon bridge
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1822:the original
1813:
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1794:
1773:
1746:December 18,
1744:. Retrieved
1739:
1730:
1720:December 18,
1718:. Retrieved
1714:
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1692:. Retrieved
1688:
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1536:
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1511:1 RRF Bosnia
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1493:, retrieved
1487:
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1476:Lord, p. 304
1472:
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1456:the original
1451:
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1430:. Retrieved
1423:
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1398:
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1373:
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1323:
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1228:
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1159:
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1075:. Retrieved
1069:
1035:
1024:
924:anti-air gun
884:Italian Army
866:An American
843:Two Russian
821:
817:EUFOR Althea
810:
728:- Camp Linda
706:John Batiste
443:
439:
422:Adriatic Sea
403:
389:, Commander
360:
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310:
305:
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85:Part of
70:32 countries
36:
1543:19 December
1518:19 December
1495:19 December
1404:19 December
1379:19 December
1354:19 December
1329:19 December
1265:19 December
1239:19 December
1077:18 December
938:B1 Centauro
922:Zastava M55
887:B1 Centauro
769:- Camp Oden
712:4th Cavalry
687:5th Cavalry
680:1st Cavalry
190:Sharp Guard
183:Deny Flight
169:Sky Monitor
103:Nickname(s)
1905:Categories
1831:19 January
868:M2 Bradley
824:NATO Medal
726:68th Armor
710:3rd Sqdn,
694:67th Armor
652:Camp Eagle
563:Banja Luka
534:Medjugorje
428:Components
377:. Admiral
247:Background
918:Leopard 1
916:A Danish
747:Simin Han
542:- Morstar
468:Jablanica
235:force in
62:1995–1996
1715:BBC News
1462:13 April
1432:13 April
1193:Archived
1047:Archived
999:See also
724:2nd Bn,
717:4th Bn,
692:4th Bn,
685:3rd Bn,
676:1st Sqdn
620:Ćoralići
595:1st Bn,
589:2nd Bn,
550:Trebinje
512:Sarajevo
506:Italian
487:Sarajevo
395:Kiseljak
375:Sarajevo
361:Admiral
336:UNPROFOR
313:UNPROFOR
259:using a
227:) was a
952:German
853:Zvornik
830:Gallery
639:Ljubija
583:- Brig
414:Germany
410:Hungary
406:Croatia
285:Croatia
79:Command
67:Country
1781:
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992:Zenica
973:Kupres
958:Trogir
954:Unimog
849:Humvee
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603:Šišava
581:Ĺ ipovo
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416:, and
399:IlidĹľa
371:Zagreb
289:Serbia
287:, and
106:"IFOR"
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1847:(PDF)
1825:(PDF)
1818:(PDF)
1016:Notes
903:Doboj
781:Žepče
758:Doboj
656:Tuzla
609:Livno
569:then
479:Igman
459:then
418:Italy
297:Paris
1883:IFOR
1833:2007
1779:ISBN
1748:2018
1722:2018
1696:2018
1689:NATO
1621:ISBN
1545:2023
1520:2023
1497:2023
1464:2013
1434:2013
1406:2023
1381:2023
1356:2023
1331:2023
1267:2023
1241:2023
1097:NATO
1079:2020
1071:NATO
813:SFOR
257:Sava
229:NATO
225:IFOR
219:The
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