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Orthogonal basis

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The concept of orthogonality may be extended to a vector space over any field of characteristic not 2 equipped with a quadratic form
2259: 2114: 1840: 1291: 2090: 1733: 1624: 1682: 1197: 149:, an orthogonal basis is any basis obtained from an orthonormal basis (or Hilbert basis) using multiplication by nonzero 1982: 2071: 1962: 1857: 1226: 501: 2341: 1672: 201: 1192:, vol. 211 (Corrected fourth printing, revised third ed.), New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 572–585, 1986: 1634: 1570: 535: 2137: 1805: 1189: 584: 2441: 2420: 2193: 2127: 1955: 1872: 1810: 1412: 1284: 283: 639: 325: 2157: 1726: 1517: 1367: 1061: 2402: 2356: 2280: 2162: 1913: 1826: 1422: 1316: 134: 80: 467:{\displaystyle \langle e_{j},e_{k}\rangle ={\begin{cases}q(e_{k})&j=k\\0&j\neq k,\end{cases}}} 2397: 2213: 1662: 1311: 1867: 403: 2249: 2147: 2050: 1933: 1862: 1654: 1537: 2446: 2346: 2122: 1700: 1629: 1407: 1277: 194: 122: 2377: 2321: 2285: 1831: 1800: 1719: 1464: 1397: 1387: 1140: 96: 52: 1152: 2084: 1882: 1836: 1779: 1479: 1474: 1469: 1402: 1347: 2080: 2360: 1765: 1489: 1454: 1441: 1332: 790: 763: 150: 1947: 1236: 867: 121:
Orthogonal (not necessarily orthonormal) bases are important due to their appearance from
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Any orthogonal basis can be used to define a system of
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The concept of an orthogonal basis is applicable to a
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Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
1155: â€“ Euclidean space without distance and angles 2307:Spectral theory of ordinary differential equations 1121: 1048: 1036:to be defined as being orthogonal with respect to 1028: 1008: 988: 885: 846: 826: 806: 779: 752: 663: 621: 571: 525: 486: 466: 349: 310: 270: 250: 222: 181: 113: 67: 43: 1143: â€“ Set of vectors used to define coordinates 2433: 1215:Ergebnisse der Mathematik und ihrer Grenzgebiete 1205: 526:{\displaystyle \langle \cdot ,\cdot \rangle :} 1963: 1727: 1285: 223:{\displaystyle \langle \cdot ,\cdot \rangle } 79:. If the vectors of an orthogonal basis are 914: 902: 692: 680: 610: 603: 566: 554: 517: 505: 392: 366: 299: 287: 217: 205: 1149: â€“ Specific linear basis (mathematics) 1970: 1956: 1734: 1720: 1292: 1278: 161: 140: 2260:Group algebra of a locally compact group 572:{\displaystyle q(v)=\langle v,v\rangle } 2434: 1683:Comparison of linear algebra libraries 622:{\displaystyle q(v)=\Vert v\Vert ^{2}} 1951: 1715: 1273: 1251: 311:{\displaystyle \langle v,w\rangle =0} 1180: 664:{\displaystyle \left\{e_{k}\right\}} 350:{\displaystyle \left\{e_{k}\right\}} 13: 1741: 1299: 1122:{\displaystyle q(v+w)-q(v)-q(w)=0} 14: 2458: 1858:Compact operator on Hilbert space 1244: 857: 90: 2416: 2415: 2342:Topological quantum field theory 1696: 1695: 1673:Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms 1431: 1571:Seven-dimensional cross product 1110: 1104: 1095: 1089: 1080: 1068: 983: 980: 974: 965: 959: 950: 938: 932: 880: 874: 724: 711: 634:Hence for an orthogonal basis 597: 591: 548: 542: 422: 409: 1: 2138:Uniform boundedness principle 1190:Graduate Texts in Mathematics 1174: 156: 1413:Eigenvalues and eigenvectors 579:(in an inner product space, 83:, the resulting basis is an 7: 1134: 75:whose vectors are mutually 10: 2463: 2281:Invariant subspace problem 1827:Hilbert projection theorem 1161: â€“ Computational tool 320:. For an orthogonal basis 125:orthogonal coordinates in 2411: 2370: 2294: 2273: 2232: 2171: 2113: 2059: 2001: 1994: 1906: 1850: 1819: 1806:Cauchy–Schwarz inequality 1793: 1749: 1691: 1653: 1609: 1546: 1498: 1440: 1429: 1325: 1307: 1209:; Husemoller, D. (1973). 2250:Spectrum of a C*-algebra 1211:Symmetric Bilinear Forms 2347:Noncommutative geometry 195:symmetric bilinear form 162:Symmetric bilinear form 2403:Tomita–Takesaki theory 2378:Approximation property 2322:Calculus of variations 1398:Row and column vectors 1141:Basis (linear algebra) 1123: 1050: 1030: 1010: 990: 887: 848: 828: 808: 781: 754: 665: 623: 573: 527: 488: 468: 351: 312: 272: 252: 224: 183: 141:In functional analysis 115: 97:orthogonal coordinates 69: 45: 2398:Banach–Mazur distance 2361:Generalized functions 1837:Polarization identity 1780:Orthogonal complement 1403:Row and column spaces 1348:Scalar multiplication 1124: 1051: 1031: 1011: 991: 888: 849: 829: 809: 807:{\displaystyle w_{k}} 782: 780:{\displaystyle v_{k}} 755: 666: 624: 574: 528: 489: 469: 352: 313: 273: 253: 225: 184: 116: 70: 46: 2143:Kakutani fixed-point 2128:Riesz representation 1811:Riesz representation 1766:L-semi-inner product 1538:Gram–Schmidt process 1490:Gaussian elimination 1062: 1040: 1020: 1000: 899: 886:{\displaystyle q(v)} 868: 838: 818: 791: 764: 677: 640: 585: 536: 502: 478: 363: 326: 284: 262: 242: 202: 173: 102: 59: 35: 2442:Functional analysis 2327:Functional calculus 2286:Mahler's conjecture 2265:Von Neumann algebra 1979:Functional analysis 1832:Parseval's identity 1801:Bessel's inequality 1668:Numerical stability 1548:Multilinear algebra 1523:Inner product space 1373:Linear independence 147:functional analysis 30:inner product space 2352:Riemann hypothesis 2051:Topological vector 1378:Linear combination 1256:"Orthogonal Basis" 1253:Weisstein, Eric W. 1119: 1046: 1026: 1006: 986: 930: 883: 844: 824: 814:are components of 804: 777: 750: 707: 661: 619: 569: 523: 484: 464: 459: 347: 308: 268: 248: 220: 193:) equipped with a 179: 114:{\displaystyle V.} 111: 65: 41: 2429: 2428: 2332:Integral operator 2109: 2108: 1945: 1944: 1888:Sesquilinear form 1841:Parallelogram law 1785:Orthonormal basis 1709: 1708: 1576:Geometric algebra 1533:Kronecker product 1368:Linear projection 1353:Vector projection 1199:978-0-387-95385-4 1153:Orthonormal frame 1147:Orthonormal basis 1049:{\displaystyle q} 1029:{\displaystyle w} 1009:{\displaystyle v} 929: 847:{\displaystyle w} 827:{\displaystyle v} 698: 487:{\displaystyle q} 271:{\displaystyle w} 251:{\displaystyle v} 182:{\displaystyle V} 135:pseudo-Riemannian 85:orthonormal basis 68:{\displaystyle V} 44:{\displaystyle V} 2454: 2419: 2418: 2337:Jones polynomial 2255:Operator algebra 1999: 1998: 1972: 1965: 1958: 1949: 1948: 1775:Prehilbert space 1736: 1729: 1722: 1713: 1712: 1699: 1698: 1581:Exterior algebra 1518:Hadamard product 1435: 1423:Linear equations 1294: 1287: 1280: 1271: 1270: 1266: 1265: 1240: 1217:. Vol. 73. 1202: 1170: 1130: 1128: 1126: 1125: 1120: 1055: 1053: 1052: 1047: 1035: 1033: 1032: 1027: 1015: 1013: 1012: 1007: 995: 993: 992: 987: 931: 922: 894: 892: 890: 889: 884: 853: 851: 850: 845: 833: 831: 830: 825: 813: 811: 810: 805: 803: 802: 786: 784: 783: 778: 776: 775: 759: 757: 756: 751: 746: 745: 736: 735: 723: 722: 706: 672: 670: 668: 667: 662: 660: 656: 655: 630: 628: 626: 625: 620: 618: 617: 578: 576: 575: 570: 532: 530: 529: 524: 498:associated with 493: 491: 490: 485: 473: 471: 470: 465: 463: 462: 421: 420: 391: 390: 378: 377: 358: 356: 354: 353: 348: 346: 342: 341: 319: 317: 315: 314: 309: 277: 275: 274: 269: 257: 255: 254: 249: 231: 229: 227: 226: 221: 188: 186: 185: 180: 129:, as well as in 127:Euclidean spaces 120: 118: 117: 112: 74: 72: 71: 66: 50: 48: 47: 42: 26:orthogonal basis 2462: 2461: 2457: 2456: 2455: 2453: 2452: 2451: 2432: 2431: 2430: 2425: 2407: 2371:Advanced topics 2366: 2290: 2269: 2228: 2194:Hilbert–Schmidt 2167: 2158:Gelfand–Naimark 2105: 2055: 1990: 1976: 1946: 1941: 1934:Segal–Bargmann 1902: 1873:Hilbert–Schmidt 1863:Densely defined 1846: 1815: 1789: 1745: 1740: 1710: 1705: 1687: 1649: 1605: 1542: 1494: 1436: 1427: 1393:Change of basis 1383:Multilinear map 1321: 1303: 1298: 1247: 1229: 1219:Springer-Verlag 1200: 1177: 1168: 1137: 1063: 1060: 1059: 1057: 1041: 1038: 1037: 1021: 1018: 1017: 1001: 998: 997: 996:allows vectors 920: 900: 897: 896: 869: 866: 865: 863: 860: 839: 836: 835: 819: 816: 815: 798: 794: 792: 789: 788: 771: 767: 765: 762: 761: 741: 737: 731: 727: 718: 714: 702: 678: 675: 674: 651: 647: 643: 641: 638: 637: 635: 613: 609: 586: 583: 582: 580: 537: 534: 533: 503: 500: 499: 479: 476: 475: 458: 457: 443: 437: 436: 425: 416: 412: 399: 398: 386: 382: 373: 369: 364: 361: 360: 337: 333: 329: 327: 324: 323: 321: 285: 282: 281: 279: 263: 260: 259: 243: 240: 239: 238:of two vectors 203: 200: 199: 197: 174: 171: 170: 164: 159: 143: 103: 100: 99: 93: 60: 57: 56: 36: 33: 32: 20:, particularly 12: 11: 5: 2460: 2450: 2449: 2447:Linear algebra 2444: 2427: 2426: 2424: 2423: 2412: 2409: 2408: 2406: 2405: 2400: 2395: 2390: 2388:Choquet theory 2385: 2380: 2374: 2372: 2368: 2367: 2365: 2364: 2354: 2349: 2344: 2339: 2334: 2329: 2324: 2319: 2314: 2309: 2304: 2298: 2296: 2292: 2291: 2289: 2288: 2283: 2277: 2275: 2271: 2270: 2268: 2267: 2262: 2257: 2252: 2247: 2242: 2240:Banach algebra 2236: 2234: 2230: 2229: 2227: 2226: 2221: 2216: 2211: 2206: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2186: 2181: 2175: 2173: 2169: 2168: 2166: 2165: 2163:Banach–Alaoglu 2160: 2155: 2150: 2145: 2140: 2135: 2130: 2125: 2119: 2117: 2111: 2110: 2107: 2106: 2104: 2103: 2098: 2093: 2091:Locally convex 2088: 2074: 2069: 2063: 2061: 2057: 2056: 2054: 2053: 2048: 2043: 2038: 2033: 2028: 2023: 2018: 2013: 2008: 2002: 1996: 1992: 1991: 1975: 1974: 1967: 1960: 1952: 1943: 1942: 1940: 1939: 1931: 1925:compact & 1910: 1908: 1904: 1903: 1901: 1900: 1895: 1890: 1885: 1880: 1875: 1870: 1868:Hermitian form 1865: 1860: 1854: 1852: 1848: 1847: 1845: 1844: 1834: 1829: 1823: 1821: 1817: 1816: 1814: 1813: 1808: 1803: 1797: 1795: 1791: 1790: 1788: 1787: 1782: 1777: 1768: 1759: 1753: 1751: 1750:Basic concepts 1747: 1746: 1743:Hilbert spaces 1739: 1738: 1731: 1724: 1716: 1707: 1706: 1704: 1703: 1692: 1689: 1688: 1686: 1685: 1680: 1675: 1670: 1665: 1663:Floating-point 1659: 1657: 1651: 1650: 1648: 1647: 1645:Tensor product 1642: 1637: 1632: 1630:Function space 1627: 1622: 1616: 1614: 1607: 1606: 1604: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1573: 1568: 1566:Triple product 1563: 1558: 1552: 1550: 1544: 1543: 1541: 1540: 1535: 1530: 1525: 1520: 1515: 1510: 1504: 1502: 1496: 1495: 1493: 1492: 1487: 1482: 1480:Transformation 1477: 1472: 1470:Multiplication 1467: 1462: 1457: 1452: 1446: 1444: 1438: 1437: 1430: 1428: 1426: 1425: 1420: 1415: 1410: 1405: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1335: 1329: 1327: 1326:Basic concepts 1323: 1322: 1320: 1319: 1314: 1308: 1305: 1304: 1301:Linear algebra 1297: 1296: 1289: 1282: 1274: 1268: 1267: 1246: 1245:External links 1243: 1242: 1241: 1227: 1203: 1198: 1176: 1173: 1172: 1171: 1162: 1159:Schauder basis 1156: 1150: 1144: 1136: 1133: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1094: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1082: 1079: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1067: 1045: 1025: 1005: 985: 982: 979: 976: 973: 970: 967: 964: 961: 958: 955: 952: 949: 946: 943: 940: 937: 934: 928: 925: 919: 916: 913: 910: 907: 904: 882: 879: 876: 873: 859: 858:Quadratic form 856: 854:in the basis. 843: 823: 801: 797: 774: 770: 749: 744: 740: 734: 730: 726: 721: 717: 713: 710: 705: 701: 697: 694: 691: 688: 685: 682: 659: 654: 650: 646: 616: 612: 608: 605: 602: 599: 596: 593: 590: 568: 565: 562: 559: 556: 553: 550: 547: 544: 541: 522: 519: 516: 513: 510: 507: 496:quadratic form 483: 461: 456: 453: 450: 447: 444: 442: 439: 438: 435: 432: 429: 426: 424: 419: 415: 411: 408: 405: 404: 402: 397: 394: 389: 385: 381: 376: 372: 368: 345: 340: 336: 332: 307: 304: 301: 298: 295: 292: 289: 267: 247: 219: 216: 213: 210: 207: 178: 163: 160: 158: 155: 142: 139: 110: 107: 92: 91:As coordinates 89: 64: 40: 22:linear algebra 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2459: 2448: 2445: 2443: 2440: 2439: 2437: 2422: 2414: 2413: 2410: 2404: 2401: 2399: 2396: 2394: 2393:Weak topology 2391: 2389: 2386: 2384: 2381: 2379: 2376: 2375: 2373: 2369: 2362: 2358: 2355: 2353: 2350: 2348: 2345: 2343: 2340: 2338: 2335: 2333: 2330: 2328: 2325: 2323: 2320: 2318: 2317:Index theorem 2315: 2313: 2310: 2308: 2305: 2303: 2300: 2299: 2297: 2293: 2287: 2284: 2282: 2279: 2278: 2276: 2274:Open problems 2272: 2266: 2263: 2261: 2258: 2256: 2253: 2251: 2248: 2246: 2243: 2241: 2238: 2237: 2235: 2231: 2225: 2222: 2220: 2217: 2215: 2212: 2210: 2207: 2205: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2190: 2187: 2185: 2182: 2180: 2177: 2176: 2174: 2170: 2164: 2161: 2159: 2156: 2154: 2151: 2149: 2146: 2144: 2141: 2139: 2136: 2134: 2131: 2129: 2126: 2124: 2121: 2120: 2118: 2116: 2112: 2102: 2099: 2097: 2094: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2075: 2073: 2070: 2068: 2065: 2064: 2062: 2058: 2052: 2049: 2047: 2044: 2042: 2039: 2037: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2027: 2024: 2022: 2019: 2017: 2014: 2012: 2009: 2007: 2004: 2003: 2000: 1997: 1993: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1973: 1968: 1966: 1961: 1959: 1954: 1953: 1950: 1938: 1937: 1932: 1930: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1911: 1909: 1905: 1899: 1896: 1894: 1891: 1889: 1886: 1884: 1881: 1879: 1876: 1874: 1871: 1869: 1866: 1864: 1861: 1859: 1856: 1855: 1853: 1849: 1842: 1838: 1835: 1833: 1830: 1828: 1825: 1824: 1822: 1820:Other results 1818: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1798: 1796: 1792: 1786: 1783: 1781: 1778: 1776: 1772: 1771:Hilbert space 1769: 1767: 1763: 1762:Inner product 1760: 1758: 1755: 1754: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1737: 1732: 1730: 1725: 1723: 1718: 1717: 1714: 1702: 1694: 1693: 1690: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1678:Sparse matrix 1676: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1660: 1658: 1656: 1652: 1646: 1643: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1633: 1631: 1628: 1626: 1623: 1621: 1618: 1617: 1615: 1613:constructions 1612: 1608: 1602: 1601:Outermorphism 1599: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1561:Cross product 1559: 1557: 1554: 1553: 1551: 1549: 1545: 1539: 1536: 1534: 1531: 1529: 1528:Outer product 1526: 1524: 1521: 1519: 1516: 1514: 1511: 1509: 1508:Orthogonality 1506: 1505: 1503: 1501: 1497: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1485:Cramer's rule 1483: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1471: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1455:Decomposition 1453: 1451: 1448: 1447: 1445: 1443: 1439: 1434: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1354: 1351: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1339: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1330: 1328: 1324: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1309: 1306: 1302: 1295: 1290: 1288: 1283: 1281: 1276: 1275: 1272: 1263: 1262: 1257: 1254: 1249: 1248: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1228:3-540-06009-X 1224: 1221:. p. 6. 1220: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1201: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1178: 1166: 1163: 1160: 1157: 1154: 1151: 1148: 1145: 1142: 1139: 1138: 1132: 1116: 1113: 1107: 1101: 1098: 1092: 1086: 1083: 1077: 1074: 1071: 1065: 1043: 1023: 1003: 977: 971: 968: 962: 956: 953: 947: 944: 941: 935: 926: 923: 917: 911: 908: 905: 877: 871: 855: 841: 821: 799: 795: 772: 768: 747: 742: 738: 732: 728: 719: 715: 708: 703: 699: 695: 689: 686: 683: 657: 652: 648: 644: 632: 614: 606: 600: 594: 588: 563: 560: 557: 551: 545: 539: 520: 514: 511: 508: 497: 481: 454: 451: 448: 445: 440: 433: 430: 427: 417: 413: 406: 400: 395: 387: 383: 379: 374: 370: 343: 338: 334: 330: 305: 302: 296: 293: 290: 265: 245: 237: 236: 235:orthogonality 214: 211: 208: 196: 192: 176: 169: 154: 152: 148: 138: 136: 132: 128: 124: 108: 105: 98: 88: 86: 82: 78: 62: 54: 38: 31: 27: 23: 19: 2383:Balanced set 2357:Distribution 2295:Applications 2148:Krein–Milman 2133:Closed graph 1935: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1883:Self-adjoint 1794:Main results 1611:Vector space 1343:Vector space 1259: 1210: 1185: 861: 633: 233: 168:vector space 165: 144: 94: 25: 15: 2312:Heat kernel 2302:Hardy space 2209:Trace class 2123:Hahn–Banach 2085:Topological 1893:Trace class 1591:Multivector 1556:Determinant 1513:Dot product 1358:Linear span 1182:Lang, Serge 137:manifolds. 123:curvilinear 18:mathematics 2436:Categories 2245:C*-algebra 2060:Properties 1625:Direct sum 1460:Invertible 1363:Linear map 1237:0292.10016 1207:Milnor, J. 1175:References 189:(over any 157:Extensions 131:Riemannian 81:normalized 77:orthogonal 2219:Unbounded 2214:Transpose 2172:Operators 2101:Separable 2096:Reflexive 2081:Algebraic 2067:Barrelled 1655:Numerical 1418:Transpose 1261:MathWorld 1165:Total set 1099:− 1084:− 969:− 954:− 915:⟩ 903:⟨ 700:∑ 693:⟩ 681:⟨ 611:‖ 604:‖ 567:⟩ 555:⟨ 518:⟩ 515:⋅ 509:⋅ 506:⟨ 449:≠ 393:⟩ 367:⟨ 300:⟩ 288:⟨ 218:⟩ 215:⋅ 209:⋅ 206:⟨ 2421:Category 2233:Algebras 2115:Theorems 2072:Complete 2041:Schwartz 1987:glossary 1907:Examples 1701:Category 1640:Subspace 1635:Quotient 1586:Bivector 1500:Bilinear 1442:Matrices 1317:Glossary 1184:(2004), 1135:See also 232:, where 2224:Unitary 2204:Nuclear 2189:Compact 2184:Bounded 2179:Adjoint 2153:Min–max 2046:Sobolev 2031:Nuclear 2021:Hilbert 2016:FrĂ©chet 1981: ( 1921:) with 1898:Unitary 1757:Adjoint 1312:Outline 1186:Algebra 1129:⁠ 1058:⁠ 893:⁠ 864:⁠ 671:⁠ 636:⁠ 629:⁠ 581:⁠ 357:⁠ 322:⁠ 318:⁠ 280:⁠ 230:⁠ 198:⁠ 151:scalars 28:for an 2199:Normal 2036:Orlicz 2026:Hölder 2006:Banach 1995:Spaces 1983:topics 1878:Normal 1596:Tensor 1408:Kernel 1338:Vector 1333:Scalar 1235:  1225:  1196:  760:where 474:where 278:means 2011:Besov 1929:<∞ 1465:Minor 1450:Block 1388:Basis 1056:when 494:is a 191:field 53:basis 51:is a 24:, an 2359:(or 2077:Dual 1851:Maps 1773:and 1764:and 1620:Dual 1475:Rank 1223:ISBN 1194:ISBN 1016:and 834:and 787:and 258:and 133:and 55:for 1233:Zbl 673:, 631:). 145:In 16:In 2438:: 1985:– 1258:. 1231:. 1213:. 1188:, 1131:. 359:: 153:. 87:. 2363:) 2087:) 2083:/ 2079:( 1989:) 1971:e 1964:t 1957:v 1936:F 1927:n 1923:K 1919:K 1917:( 1915:C 1843:) 1839:( 1735:e 1728:t 1721:v 1293:e 1286:t 1279:v 1264:. 1239:. 1117:0 1114:= 1111:) 1108:w 1105:( 1102:q 1096:) 1093:v 1090:( 1087:q 1081:) 1078:w 1075:+ 1072:v 1069:( 1066:q 1044:q 1024:w 1004:v 984:) 981:) 978:w 975:( 972:q 966:) 963:v 960:( 957:q 951:) 948:w 945:+ 942:v 939:( 936:q 933:( 927:2 924:1 918:= 912:w 909:, 906:v 881:) 878:v 875:( 872:q 842:w 822:v 800:k 796:w 773:k 769:v 748:, 743:k 739:w 733:k 729:v 725:) 720:k 716:e 712:( 709:q 704:k 696:= 690:w 687:, 684:v 658:} 653:k 649:e 645:{ 615:2 607:v 601:= 598:) 595:v 592:( 589:q 564:v 561:, 558:v 552:= 549:) 546:v 543:( 540:q 521:: 512:, 482:q 455:, 452:k 446:j 441:0 434:k 431:= 428:j 423:) 418:k 414:e 410:( 407:q 401:{ 396:= 388:k 384:e 380:, 375:j 371:e 344:} 339:k 335:e 331:{ 306:0 303:= 297:w 294:, 291:v 266:w 246:v 212:, 177:V 109:. 106:V 63:V 39:V

Index

mathematics
linear algebra
inner product space
basis
orthogonal
normalized
orthonormal basis
orthogonal coordinates
curvilinear
Euclidean spaces
Riemannian
pseudo-Riemannian
functional analysis
scalars
vector space
field
symmetric bilinear form
orthogonality
quadratic form
Basis (linear algebra)
Orthonormal basis
Orthonormal frame
Schauder basis
Total set
Lang, Serge
Graduate Texts in Mathematics
ISBN
978-0-387-95385-4
Milnor, J.
Ergebnisse der Mathematik und ihrer Grenzgebiete

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