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and became much smaller. In 1572 near the North Sea the Water
Authority had a canal built through the dunes to allow the Rhine water to flow into the sea, but due to war circumstances, it did silt. In 1807, a large water management system with locks was established to allow the water to flow out at
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became the main outlet for the Rhine, and the Oude Rijn silted up. The river was still important as a drain for the surrounding lowlands, for the clay industry, and as a transport and trade route. Ships were towed by horse and human power, using a
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and
Zeeland as central coordinator of all waterworks in the area and later was given the name Hoogheemraadschap van Rijnland. Early works were the building of draining canals around the city of Leiden. From 1408 on, with the first at Zoeterwoude,
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Around 1000 CE the river silted up, causing floodings of the lowlands. As prevention, around 1100 CE a dam with locks was built at the village of
Zwammerdam, upstream at the border to Utrecht, an area reigned by German Emperor
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479:. Continuing problems in water management in wide areas along Oude Rijn were reason for civilians with administrative responsibilities to collaborate and to establish a so-called High Water Authority or in Dutch
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stream begin here. The Nieuwe Rijn ("New Rhine") is a short branch that, together with the Oude Rijn, forms part of Leiden's moat system; the two branches merge in the city's centre.
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In
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to the north and the Oude Rijn to the west. Of the original fork, little remains today, and both Vecht and Rijn start from the city
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Oude Rijn, Katwijk, a half mile before it ends: (A Pumping station to pump water into sea preventing high water levels inland.)
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After
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along large sections of the river, many parts of which have since been upgraded to roads or cycle paths.
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merges with the Oude Rijn. From here the river has been straightened into a canal (called the
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through a pumping station, preventing high tides inland and silting up of the river mouth.
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In Roman times, the river Oude Rijn formed part of the Roman Empire's northern border (
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In ancient times, it was the lower part of the main River Rhine, which forked at the
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were installed along the Old Rhine, to pump water from the lowlands into the river.
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Castellum Nigrum Pullum (Zwammerdam) at Rhine river, artist impression Stevie Xinas
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Martin
Hendriksma, "De Rijn. Biografie van een rivier", Publisher De Geus, 2017
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close-up of the
Utrecht region showing the Leidse Rijn-Oude Rijn stream (d).
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branches off to the south and then the Oude Rijn forms part of the city
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low tide. In 1880 a steam driven mechanical pumping station was built.
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338:(Leiden Rhine). It becomes the Oude Rijn after the railway bridge near
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occupation, the river formed part of the northern border of the
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into a northern branch, the Rhine, and a southern branch, the
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discharges into the Oude Rijn and it continues through
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671:(in Dutch) "1807, de Katwijkse Uitwatering gereed"
392:branches off to the south. It then flows through
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616:Houses on the Oude Rijn near Alphen aan den Rijn
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659:(in Dutch) "Hoogheemraadschap van Rijnland"
274:. Its present-day length is 52 kilometres.
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499:The river silted up in the course of the
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1486:Rivers of the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta
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380:stream empties into the Oude Rijn. In
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49:Location of Oude Rijn in dark blue.
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462:Water management & Waterworks
236:("Old Rhine") is a branch of the
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673:, Hoogheemraadschap van Rijnland
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1445:Verdronken Land van Reimerswaal
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185: • coordinates
117: • coordinates
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84:Physical characteristics
1496:Rivers of Utrecht (province)
1455:St. Elizabeth's flood (1421)
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1243:Canal through Zuid-Beveland
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172: • location
104: • location
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1501:Rivers of the Netherlands
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1248:Canal through Walcheren
454:); it empties into the
226:52 km (32 mi)
37:The Oude Rijn in Leiden
1168:Current distributaries
1005:Current distributaries
760:Current distributaries
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394:Koudekerk aan den Rijn
139:52.092083°N 4.963472°E
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1020:Former distributaries
959:Amsterdam–Rhine Canal
837:Former distributaries
569:Praetorium Agrippinae
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318:near the fork of the
1318:Het Eiland van Dordt
703:at Wikimedia Commons
477:Frederick Barbarossa
470:Windmill Zoeterwoude
444:Katwijk aan den Rijn
405:Zoeterwoude-Rijndijk
398:Hazerswoude-Rijndijk
207:52.21194°N 4.39833°E
16:River in Netherlands
1260:(directly draining
1238:Scheldt–Rhine Canal
979:Scheldt–Rhine Canal
561:Alphen aan den Rijn
382:Alphen aan den Rijn
258:, starting west of
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144:52.092083; 4.963472
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494:wind-powered pumps
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448:Oegstgeesterkanaal
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1460:St. Felix's Flood
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954:Pannerdens Kanaal
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884:Current estuaries
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481:Hoogheemraadschap
452:Uitwateringkanaal
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334:and known as the
314:was founded at a
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212:52.21194; 4.39833
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1433:Other topics
1299:Islands and
964:Vaartse Rijn
873:Brielse Maas
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310:The city of
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127:52°05′31.5″N
1440:Delta Works
1424:Spijkenisse
1414:Vlaardingen
1333:Tiengemeten
1313:IJsselmonde
1290:Oude IJssel
1226:Grevelingen
1140:Bergse Maas
1113:Grevelingen
1098:Haringvliet
1064:Nieuwe Maas
1024:Oude Maasje
1009:Bergse Maas
927:Grevelingen
912:Haringvliet
848:Leidse Rijn
843:Kromme Rijn
821:Nieuwe Maas
661:, John Ooms
501:Middle Ages
428:Korte Vliet
426:The stream
374: [
369:. Here the
359:Nieuwerbrug
336:Leidse Rijn
332:channelised
320:Kromme Rijn
306:Description
210: /
142: /
130:4°57′48.5″E
97:Leidse Rijn
64:Netherlands
1480:Categories
1419:Middelburg
1409:Vlissingen
1301:Peninsulas
895:IJsselmeer
681:References
573:Valkenburg
551:Zwammerdam
432:Valkenburg
409:Leiderdorp
367:Zwammerdam
363:Bodegraven
195:52°12′43″N
108:Harmelen,
1394:Dordrecht
1384:Rotterdam
1358:Walcheren
1308:Rozenburg
1191:Eendracht
1049:Oude Maas
853:Oude Rijn
806:Oude Maas
771:Nederrijn
701:Oude Rijn
602:Satellite
556:Albaniana
521:Roman era
456:North Sea
436:Rijnsburg
386:Aar Canal
322:into the
295:River Lek
268:North Sea
248:provinces
234:Oude Rijn
198:4°23′54″E
176:Katwijk,
165:North Sea
25:Old Rhine
22:Oude Rijn
1404:Schiedam
1103:Volkerak
917:Volkerak
634:See also
531:castella
419:and the
340:Harmelen
264:Harmelen
55:Location
1389:Antwerp
1221:Krammer
1159:Schelde
1155:Scheldt
1108:Krammer
1034:Merwede
922:Krammer
868:Waaltje
786:Merwede
588:Visuals
575:), and
543:Woerden
516:History
489:Holland
440:Katwijk
344:Woerden
312:Utrecht
300:towpath
272:Katwijk
260:Utrecht
252:Utrecht
243:in the
110:Utrecht
74:Utrecht
60:Country
1348:Tholen
1161:Escaut
1069:Scheur
826:Scheur
776:IJssel
565:Matilo
539:Laurum
535:castra
415:. The
413:Leiden
403:After
384:, the
365:, and
291:Empire
279:Betuwe
223:Length
93:Source
70:Region
1377:Towns
1285:Rotte
1280:Donge
1270:Linge
1059:Noord
994:Meuse
863:Vecht
816:Noord
746:Rhine
646:Notes
442:. At
390:Gouwe
378:]
371:Meije
352:moats
324:Vecht
287:Roman
262:, at
245:Dutch
241:delta
238:Rhine
160:Mouth
1275:Mark
1014:Amer
998:Maas
878:Spui
766:Waal
752:Rhin
750:Rijn
640:Zijl
533:and
446:the
434:and
421:Zijl
407:and
396:and
328:moat
316:ford
283:Waal
254:and
232:The
781:Lek
563:),
553:),
545:),
487:of
438:to
270:at
250:of
1482::
400:.
376:nl
361:,
354:.
76:,
730:e
723:t
716:v
571:(
559:(
549:(
541:(
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