78:
1339:
748:
1939:
1632:
741:
734:
1262:, Muzaffar ul-Mamaluk, Nizam ul-Mulk, Nizam ud-Daula, Nawab Mir Farkhunda 'Ali Khan Bahadur , Sipah Salar, Fath Jang, Ayn waffadar Fidvi-i-Senliena, Iqtidar-i-Kishwarsitan Muhammad Akbar Shah Padshah-i-Ghazi,
1359:
In the
Ottoman Empire the title padishah was exclusively reserved for the Ottoman emperor, as the Ottoman chancery rarely and unwillingly addressed foreign monarchs as padishahs. The
1547:
1734:
1463:
1811:
2034:
1717:
1524:
1544:
1539:
1731:
1836:
1460:
1975:
1846:
1764:
1693:
1668:
1500:
1333:
1003:
1609:
1567:
1479:
1961:
1654:
2014:
1808:
1919:
1380:
842:
53:
2019:
1788:
1376:
1259:
1117:
2029:
977:
of the 10th century, where even some petty princes of
Afghanistan are called pādshā(h)/pādshāʼi/pādshāy.
722:
121:
971:
of India. However, in some periods it was used more generally for autonomous Muslim rulers, as in the
1948:
1913:
1641:
1545:
https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/padishah
31:
1864:
Universal Empire: A Comparative
Approach to Imperial Culture and Representation in Eurasian History
1342:
833:
35:
1080:
after he converted to Islam in 1295, possibly in order to undermine the religious prestige of the
2024:
2009:
1999:
805:
17:
380:
1756:
1299:
1203:
1120:
889:
677:
538:
499:
77:
1368:
8:
1909:"PADİŞAH پادشاه İslâm devletlerinde çok geniş ülkelere sahip hükümdarlara verilen unvan."
1174:
1154:
1099:, if it is taken to mean "sovereign khan" (and not "subordinate khan" as often posited).
1589:
1173:
resurrected it (official from 1937) and was finally laid to rest with the abdication of
1994:
1952:
1711:
1645:
1518:
1263:
1241:
1130:
2004:
1971:
1842:
1760:
1699:
1689:
1664:
1506:
1496:
1401:
1360:
1291:
973:
126:
116:
45:
1956:
1649:
1741:", Pembroke Papers I, ed. C. Melville, Cambridge: Middle East Centre, 1990: p. 172.
1363:
were consequently denied this title and addressed merely as the "kings of Vienna" (
1081:
1046:
865:
853:
825:
789:
765:
370:
285:
1815:
1738:
1551:
1467:
1396:
1234:
1222:
1146:
1013:
980:
The rulers on the following thrones – the first two effectively commanding major
968:
365:
166:
131:
1605:
1563:
1944:
1637:
1384:
1283:
1245:
1170:
1134:
1007:
910:
880:
1988:
1703:
1510:
1372:
1317:
1218:
1158:
1102:
1027:
870:
712:
590:
424:
390:
290:
216:
206:
101:
1908:
1177:
in 1973 following a coup; at other times the Afghan monarchy used the style
1162:
1049:
1030:
933:
662:
650:
620:
615:
533:
444:
330:
295:
275:
255:
186:
69:
61:
1345:, longest reigning padishah of the Ottoman Empire. Portrait attributed to
1169:. The title became dormant from his assassination in 1842 until 1926 when
1166:
945:
558:
439:
434:
385:
305:
181:
1861:
1287:
1057:
964:
960:
489:
429:
221:
65:
325:
1809:श्रद्धा के साथ मनाया पंच पातिशाही गुरु अर्जुनदेव महाराज का शहीदी पर्व
1311:
1207:
1070:
1017:
981:
900:
717:
702:
692:
543:
315:
300:
265:
57:
518:
1780:
1307:
1237:("Victorious Emperor") is only recorded for two individual rulers:
1150:
1114:
997:
952:
687:
645:
601:
568:
563:
553:
484:
480:
464:
400:
375:
320:
176:
151:
111:
1338:
1418:
1199:
1021:
926:
697:
640:
610:
513:
419:
350:
260:
87:
800:
459:
1753:
Hammer and Anvil: Nomad Rulers at the Forge of the Modern World
1594:. University of Michigan. Strassburg, K.J. Trübner. p. 61.
1406:
1346:
1073:
956:
707:
682:
667:
573:
449:
395:
360:
340:
280:
245:
232:
191:
161:
136:
91:
1440:
1435:
1414:
1279:
1192:
1185:
1153:
were overthrown in 1823 but there was a brief restoration by
955:
claiming the highest rank, roughly equivalent to the ancient
903:
847:
672:
625:
605:
585:
529:
508:
454:
415:
355:
345:
335:
310:
270:
211:
196:
156:
1894:
What Went Wrong?: Western Impact and Middle
Eastern Response
1732:
Padshah-i Islam: the conversion of Sultan Mahmud Ghazan Khan
1405:, one of the earliest Ottoman sources, alongside the titles
1290:. Padishah is also used for the 10th and last Guru of Sikhs
1430:
1179:
993:
989:
635:
548:
504:
469:
411:
250:
240:
236:
171:
147:
96:
1310:
with other (in this case always lower) styles, or even by
1879:
Venice, Austria, and the Turks in the
Seventeenth Century
1838:
Guru Gobind Singh: Historical and
Ideological Perspective
1410:
1195:
630:
494:
201:
1543:. Retrieved September 22, 2021 from Encyclopedia.com:
1688:. Oxford, United Kingdom. pp. 99–101, 290, 157.
1061:
1034:
793:
1876:
1040:
894:
1938:
1906:
1862:Peter Fibiger Bang; Dariusz Kolodziejczyk (2012).
1631:
54:Imperial, royal, noble, gentry and chivalric ranks
1686:Byzantium and the Turks in the Thirteenth Century
1564:"[ pādixšā(y) – Encyclopedia Pahlavica ]"
1986:
1936:
1629:
1891:
1750:
1206:(proclaimed bey on 15 May 1943), adopted the
742:
1683:
1937:Babinger, Fr. & Bosworth, C.E. (1995).
1630:Babinger, Fr. & Bosworth, C.E. (1995).
773:
1962:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
1866:. Cambridge University Press. p. 178.
1716:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1655:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
1606:"[ Pad – Encyclopedia Pahlavica ]"
1540:The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology
1523:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
875:
749:
735:
1490:
1383:in 1774, gave similar concessions to the
1306:was also often used as a name, either by
909:A form of the word is known already from
1480:Bartbleby.com Dictionary & Etymology
1371:in 1606, it was the first time that the
1337:
2035:Titles of national or ethnic leadership
14:
1987:
1591:Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie
1390:
1334:List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire
864:
1834:
1755:. Rowman & Littlefield. p.
1587:
837:
874:
829:
769:
24:
25:
2046:
1930:
1421:bore the title padishah as well.
1327:
1258:Rustam-i-Dauran, Aristu-i-Zaman,
1127:from November 1918 to March 1926.
984:empires – were styled Padishah:
76:
1900:
1885:
1870:
1855:
1828:
1802:
1791:from the original on 2018-06-26
1773:
1744:
1724:
1612:from the original on 2021-10-08
1570:from the original on 2021-10-05
1268:
1250:
1103:Miangul Golshahzada Abdul Wadud
1095:–1265, may be an equivalent of
1751:Kyle Crossley, Pamela (2019).
1684:Korobeĭnikov, Dimitri (2014).
1677:
1623:
1598:
1581:
1556:
1531:
1484:
1473:
1453:
1379:as equal of the padishah. The
1042:malik al-mashriq wa al-maghrib
1039:, a translation of the Arabic
996:, originating mainly with the
13:
1:
1922:, Centre for Islamic Studies.
1877:Kenneth Meyer Setton (1991).
1835:Kaur, Madanjit (2021-05-15).
1446:
1349:
1320:is the title of consorts of
1214:20 March 1956 – 25 July 1957.
1089:
963:", and later adopted by post-
1493:A concise Pahlavi dictionary
848:
7:
1907:Halil Inalcik (1988–2016).
1424:
1062:
1041:
1035:
895:
794:
10:
2051:
1920:Turkiye Diyanet Foundation
1331:
1282:usе the term Padishah for
951:It was adopted by several
913:, or Pahlavi language, as
29:
2015:Persian words and phrases
1914:TDV Encyclopedia of Islam
1491:MacKenzie, D. N. (1971).
1225:used the masculine title
1157:in 1839 with the help of
1026:Some Seljuk rulers, like
884:
32:Padishah (disambiguation)
1918:(in Turkish). Istanbul:
1466:October 6, 2013, at the
1381:Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca
1343:Suleiman the Magnificent
1036:padishah-i sharq-u gharb
36:Badshah (disambiguation)
1970:. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
1663:. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
1233:The compound Pādshah-i-
1137:in 1747 with the title
1892:Bernard Lewis (2002).
1495:. London. p. 63.
1356:
857:
2020:Titles in Afghanistan
1459:Etymonline.com, s.v.
1341:
1204:Muhammad VIII al-Amin
1143:Badcha Da Afghanistan
1139:Pādshah-i Afghanistan
1123:, who called himself
1088:, that came into use
1056:), and Sultan of Rum
866:[päː.d̟i.ʃɑː]
804:, 'king'), sometimes
1369:Peace of Zsitvatorok
1105:(predecessor styled
1084:in Egypt. The title
899:), is a superlative
30:For other uses, see
1730:Charles Melville, "
1588:Horn, Paul (1893).
1217:The female monarch
1175:Mohammed Zahir Shah
1118:North-West Frontier
944:, "king", are from
906:of Persian origin.
723:Mostowfi ol-Mamalek
381:Prince of the Sa'id
2030:Titles in Pakistan
1814:2021-08-15 at the
1737:2021-10-09 at the
1550:2021-10-05 at the
1391:In Ottoman sources
1357:
1264:Nizam of Hyderabad
1242:Ahmad Shah Durrani
1133:, who founded the
1131:Ahmad Shah Durrani
1977:978-90-04-09834-3
1848:978-81-89899-55-4
1841:. Unistar Books.
1781:"Countries Ab-Am"
1766:978-1-4422-1445-3
1695:978-0-19-870826-1
1670:978-90-04-09834-3
1502:978-1-136-61396-8
1361:Habsburg emperors
1292:Guru Gobind Singh
1244:, Emperor of the
1182:(Amir al-Momenin)
1054:Padishah of Islam
940:, "to rule", and
932:, and is akin to
921:. Middle Persian
893:
846:
759:
758:
117:Sultan of Sultans
16:(Redirected from
2042:
1981:
1953:Heinrichs, W. P.
1942:
1924:
1923:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1832:
1826:
1820:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1777:
1771:
1770:
1748:
1742:
1728:
1722:
1721:
1715:
1707:
1681:
1675:
1674:
1646:Heinrichs, W. P.
1635:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1560:
1554:
1535:
1529:
1528:
1522:
1514:
1488:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1457:
1354:
1351:
1272:
1271: 1829–1857
1270:
1254:
1253: 1747–1772
1252:
1094:
1091:
1082:Mamluk Sultanate
1065:
1044:
1038:
898:
888:
886:
878:
877:
876:بَادْشَاہ
868:
863:
851:
841:
839:
831:
798:, 'master', and
797:
787:
784:
781:
778:
775:
771:
751:
744:
737:
80:
41:
40:
21:
2050:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2039:
1985:
1984:
1978:
1945:Bosworth, C. E.
1933:
1928:
1927:
1905:
1901:
1890:
1886:
1875:
1871:
1860:
1856:
1849:
1833:
1829:
1818:
1816:Wayback Machine
1807:
1803:
1794:
1792:
1779:
1778:
1774:
1767:
1749:
1745:
1739:Wayback Machine
1729:
1725:
1709:
1708:
1696:
1682:
1678:
1671:
1638:Bosworth, C. E.
1628:
1624:
1615:
1613:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1586:
1582:
1573:
1571:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1552:Wayback Machine
1537:"pad(i)shah ."
1536:
1532:
1516:
1515:
1503:
1489:
1485:
1478:
1474:
1468:Wayback Machine
1458:
1454:
1449:
1427:
1393:
1352:
1336:
1330:
1267:
1249:
1223:Delhi Sultanate
1147:Pashto language
1141:in Persian and
1092:
1078:Padshah-i Islam
1076:took the title
969:Mughal emperors
861:
834:Ottoman Turkish
785:
782:
779:
776:
755:
132:Maharajadhiraja
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2048:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2025:Titles in Iran
2022:
2017:
2012:
2010:Ottoman titles
2007:
2002:
2000:Heads of state
1997:
1983:
1982:
1976:
1949:van Donzel, E.
1932:
1931:External links
1929:
1926:
1925:
1899:
1896:. p. 164.
1884:
1869:
1854:
1847:
1827:
1823:Dainik Bhaskar
1801:
1772:
1765:
1743:
1723:
1694:
1676:
1669:
1642:van Donzel, E.
1622:
1597:
1580:
1555:
1530:
1501:
1483:
1472:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1426:
1423:
1392:
1389:
1385:Russian Empire
1329:
1328:Ottoman Empire
1326:
1296:
1295:
1275:
1274:
1256:
1246:Durrani Empire
1231:
1230:
1215:
1189:
1171:Amanullah Khan
1135:Durrani Empire
1128:
1109:, successors
1107:Amir-i shariat
1100:
1067:
1024:
1020:, used by the
1010:
1008:Ottoman Empire
1000:
974:Hudud al-'Alam
925:may stem from
911:Middle Persian
757:
756:
754:
753:
746:
739:
731:
728:
727:
726:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
661:Governmental:
656:
655:
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653:
648:
643:
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633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
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502:
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492:
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427:
422:
406:
405:
404:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
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338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
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109:
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73:
72:
50:
49:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2047:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1979:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1963:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1921:
1917:
1915:
1910:
1903:
1895:
1888:
1881:. p. 22.
1880:
1873:
1865:
1858:
1850:
1844:
1840:
1839:
1831:
1824:
1817:
1813:
1810:
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1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1398:
1395:According to
1388:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1373:Sublime Porte
1370:
1366:
1362:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1335:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1318:Padshah Begum
1315:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1276:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1247:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1159:British India
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1121:state of Swat
1119:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1047:Sultan of Rum
1043:
1037:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1001:
999:
995:
991:
987:
986:
985:
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978:
976:
975:
970:
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962:
958:
954:
949:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
928:
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916:
912:
907:
905:
902:
897:
891:
882:
872:
867:
859:
855:
850:
844:
835:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
802:
796:
791:
767:
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752:
747:
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732:
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724:
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719:
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714:
711:
709:
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642:
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629:
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622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
603:
600:
599:
598:
597:
592:
589:
587:
584:Royal house:
583:
582:
581:
580:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
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1966:Volume VIII:
1960:
1940:"Pādis̲h̲āh"
1916:(44+2 vols.)
1912:
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1793:. Retrieved
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1659:Volume VIII:
1653:
1633:"Pādis̲h̲āh"
1625:
1614:. Retrieved
1600:
1590:
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1572:. Retrieved
1558:
1538:
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1402:İskendernâme
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1367:). With the
1364:
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1163:Ranjit Singh
1142:
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1050:Kaykhusraw I
1031:Ahmad Sanjar
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445:Khan Bahadur
106:
70:North Africa
1957:Lecomte, G.
1650:Lecomte, G.
1375:recognized
1353: 1530
1302:, the word
1286:and the 10
1260:Asaf Jah IV
1167:Sikh Empire
1155:Shah Shujah
1093: 1259
959:notion of "
946:Old Persian
783:Master King
559:Saranjamdar
440:Rai Bahadur
435:Rao Bahadur
306:Chhatrapati
182:Shirvanshah
122:Chakravarti
1989:Categories
1819:(in Hindi)
1795:2005-06-22
1785:rulers.org
1616:2021-10-08
1574:2021-10-05
1447:References
1365:beç kıralı
1332:See also:
1298:Like many
1058:Kayqubad I
990:Shahanshah
982:West Asian
965:Achaemenid
961:Great King
919:pādixšā(y)
915:pātaxšā(h)
896:baadashaah
862:pronounced
490:Khan Sahib
430:Sancak bey
222:Khagan Bek
97:Shahanshah
66:South Asia
1995:Padishahs
1712:cite book
1704:884743514
1519:cite book
1511:891590013
1377:Rudolf II
1322:padishahs
1312:commoners
1208:sovereign
1191:The last
1188:("King").
1115:Pakistani
1113:) of the
1018:Hindustan
942:xšāyaθiya
901:sovereign
890:romanized
843:romanized
806:romanised
718:Chowdhury
703:Lambardar
693:Hazinedar
544:Hazinedar
316:Nawabzada
301:Sahibzada
266:Beylerbey
2005:Monarchy
1959:(eds.).
1812:Archived
1789:Archived
1735:Archived
1652:(eds.).
1610:Archived
1568:Archived
1548:Archived
1464:Archived
1425:See also
1304:Padishah
1165:and the
1151:Sadduzai
1097:Padishah
1004:Padishah
998:Safavids
967:and the
953:monarchs
810:padeshah
762:Padishah
688:Hawladar
646:al-Dawla
602:Nobleman
569:Tarafdar
564:Taluqdar
554:Jagirdar
485:Zamindar
481:Viscount
465:Sparapet
401:Baghatur
376:Vali Ahd
371:Shahzada
296:Rajkumar
177:Shahbanu
152:Maharaja
112:Banbishn
107:Padishah
46:a series
44:Part of
1968:Ned–Sam
1825:. 1916.
1661:Ned–Sam
1461:"pasha"
1419:Murad I
1227:padshah
1221:of the
1212:padshah
1200:Tunisia
1145:in the
1125:badshah
1069:Mongol
1063:pādshāh
1022:Mughals
1014:Badshah
1006:of the
957:Persian
927:Avestan
892::
858:padişah
854:Turkish
849:pâdişâh
845::
826:Persian
822:badshah
818:padshah
814:patshah
790:Persian
788:; from
777:
766:Persian
698:Faujdar
641:Begzada
611:Mankari
591:Gurkani
514:Begzada
420:Mankari
366:Ishkhan
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167:Sultana
88:Emperor
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18:Padisah
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1074:Ghazan
1071:Ilkhan
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683:Haldar
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519:Uç bey
450:Atabeg
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321:Yuvraj
286:Mandal
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246:Sheikh
233:Prince
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162:Sultan
137:Khagan
127:Samrat
92:Caliph
1943:. In
1636:. In
1441:Nawab
1436:Begum
1415:Orhan
1288:gurus
1280:Sikhs
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1219:Razia
1193:Basha
1186:Malik
904:title
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621:Mirza
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1843:ISBN
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